CONFIDENTIAL MAY 2023/STA104

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PAHANG

ASSIGNMENT

COURSE : INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS

COURSE CODE : STA104
DATE : May 2023

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. This question paper consists of TWO (2) questions.

QUESTION Marks
1
2
Total 50

2. Answer ALL the questions and show all the necessary working solutions.

3. Write your answer CLEARLY using BLUE or BLACK pen.

4. Write down your FULL NAME and STUDENT ID in all your answer sheets.

5. Submit 19th May 2023 before 12 p.m.

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CONFIDENTIAL MAY 2023/STA104

QUESTION 1 (28 MARKS)

(a) For each of the following situations, state whether the area of statistics used is
descriptive or inferential
(i) A study was done to determine whether the degrees of stress are
different between male and female teachers in secondary schools
(ii) The Statistics Department (DOSM) has released a survey report in 2018
stating that salaries in urban areas were higher at an average of
RM3,274 compared to those in rural areas where salaries are at an
average of RM2,083.
(2 marks)

(b) State which sampling method is the most appropriate one.

(i) A city is to be divided into 400 blocks. Twenty of the blocks will be
sampled, and interviews are conducted at every household in each of
the 20 blocks sampled.
(ii) if the population of study contained 2,000 students at a high school and
the researcher wanted a sample of 100 students, the students would be
put into list form and then every 20th student would be selected for
inclusion in the sample. To ensure against any possible human bias in
this method, the researcher should select the first student at random.
(iii) A researcher interviews shoppers at a local mall. If the mall was chosen
because it was a nearest site from which to solicit survey participants
and/or because it was close to the researcher's home or business.
(iv) An auto analyst is conducting a satisfaction survey, sampling from a list
of 10,000 new car buyers. The list includes 2,500 Ford buyers, 2,500
Proton buyers, 2,500 Honda buyers, and 2,500 Toyota buyers. The
analyst selects a sample of 400 car buyers, by randomly sampling 100
buyers of each brand.
(4 marks)

(c) Determine whether each statement is true or false.

(i) The percentage of the total attempted interviews that are completed is
referred to as response rate.
(ii) The ability to collect a large quantity of data is an advantage of using
telephone interviewing.
(iii) Advantages of using personal interviewing to collect research data
include good response rates.
(iv) An advantage of using mail interviews to collect research data is the
ability to control the interviewing environment.
(v) The recording of behavioral patterns of people, objects, and events in a
systematic manner to obtain information about the phenomenon of
interest is called observation.

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CONFIDENTIAL MAY 2023/STA104

(vi) High interviewer bias is a primary disadvantage of using mail interviews

to collect research data.
(6 marks)
(d) A manufacturing industry is considering implementing a new retirement policy
and wants to estimate the proportion of employees that in favour with the new
policy. The industry has 12 separate factories located throughout Malaysia. A
sample of 4 factories is selected and the opinions of all employees from the
factories are obtained.
(i) State the population and the sample for the above study.
(2 marks)
(ii) What is the sampling frame for this survey?
(1 mark)
(iii) What type of statistics uses in this study?
(1 mark)
(iv) State the type of variable and the scale of measurement used.
(2 marks)
(v) What sampling technique was used in this survey?
(1 mark)
(vi) If systematic random sampling was employed to select four factories
from twelve factories, explain how this will be done.
(3 marks)
(vii) What is the most appropriate method of data collection to be used in the
survey? Give ONE (1) advantage and ONE (1) disadvantage of using
method.
(3 marks)
(viii) Give THREE (3) guidelines to be considered in designing
questionnaires.
(3 marks)

QUESTION 2 (22 MARKS)

(a) The table below provides information on the total export (in million tons) of
Malaysian Rubber based on grade for the year 1989.

Rubber Grade Total Export (million tons)

A 907.07
B 267.66
C 237.92
D 74.35

Construct a pie chart to represent the above information and give your
comment.
(3 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL MAY 2023/STA104

(b) The table below shows the distribution for the number of children registered for
a particular factory’s Family Day by a total of 150 parents.

No of children 0 1 2 3 4 5
No of parents 30 25 45 25 15 10

(i) Determine the mean, mode and median of the above distribution.
(5 marks)

(ii) Interpret the modal value obtained in (i).

(1 mark)

(iii) Using the measures of central tendency in (i), determine the shape of
the distribution.
(1 mark)
(c) The table below shows the amount spent by 100 shoppers during a sale at
Pavallan Shopping Complex on a particular day.

Amount spent (RM) No of shoppers

130 but less than 150 26
150 but less than170 20
170 but less than 190 17
190 but less than 210 11
210 but less than 230 16
230 but less than 250 10

(i) Calculate the mean and standard deviation for the amount spent by the
shoppers.
(5 marks)

(ii) Construct a histogram for the above data.

(3 marks)

(iii) Estimate the amount spent by most of the shoppers using the histogram
in (ii).
(2 marks)

(iv) Calculate the Pearson’s measure of skewness and give your comment
on the value obtained.
(2 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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