Hypothesis Testing

What is hypothesis testing?

• It refers to the formal procedures used by statisticians to accept or

reject statistical hypotheses

• It is a decision making process for evaluating claims about a

population based on the characteristics of a sample coming from
population. The decision is whether the characteristics is acceptable
or not.

• It involves making a decision between two opposing hypotheses.

These two hypotheses are formulated in such a way that one is
negation of the other . If one is true, the other must be false.
The null hypothesis, denoted by H0, is a statement that there
is no difference between a parameter and specific value , or that
there is no difference between two parameters.

The alternative hypothesis, denoted by H1, is a statement

that there is a difference between a parameter and a specific
value, or that there is a difference between two parameters.
Suppose the two parameters of interest are denoted by 𝝁𝟏 and
𝝁𝟐 . If there is no difference between the two value, the
relationship is written in symbols as:

𝝁 𝟏 - 𝝁𝟐 = 0
So the null hypothesis would be written in symbols as:
𝑯𝟎 : 𝝁𝟏 = 𝝁𝟐

The null hypothesis is the starting point of investigation. Thus

it is the first statement to be made.
 PROBLEM
• A researcher wishes to
determine the job
performance of Private and
Public School Teachers in a
certain Division
SPECIFIC PROBLEM
• "Is there a significant
difference on the job
performance between
private and public school
teachers in a certain
Division
NULL HYPOTHESIS

Ho : There is no significant difference on the job

performance between private and public
school teachers in a certain Division

H1 : There is a significant difference on the job

performance between private and public
school teachers in a certain Division
Applying Hypothesis Testing