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CYCLE OF EROSION
DAVIS, PENCK AND KING

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DAVIS CYCLE OF EROSION

• Orderly Sequence of Landforms (Evolutionary Cycle)

• Expectable changes in a Landscape because of a
River/Stream
• Humid Environment where
Precipitation>EvapoTranspiration
• Idealised Fluvial Cycle
• Davis termed it as Geographic Cycle
• Worchester termed it as Cycle of Erosion
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FEATURES IN YOUTH LANDSCAPE

• Interfluves/Stream divides extensive and poorly defined
• Very few Consequent streams and small rivers
• Headward erosion & Vertical Erosion are the processes taking place
here
• Valley Lenghtening & Valley deepening
• Steep sided Valley slopes with Convex Face
• Mountain Summits do not decrease in height but valley floor is
eroded
• Absolute relief remains constant but relative relief increases to
maximum by end of Youth
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A-C – ABSOLUTE HEIGHT

A-B – RELATIVE HEIGHT

C – BASE LEVEL

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 MATURE LANDSCAPE :
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• Well Integrated & Defined Drainage System

• Stream Divides/Interfluves are sharply defined & Ridge Like
• Flood Plains tracts are formed
• Maximum Relief Exists
• Width of Valley Floors do not exceed width of Meanders
• Both Absolute Relief & Relative Relief come down
• Vertical Erosion & Lateral Erosion are the dominating processes
• Mountain Summits fall down
• Slopes become straight/Rectilinear & Less sharp

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OLD STAGE :
• Valleys extremely Broad & wide in which River Meanders occupy
some space
• Water Divides/Interfluves rapidly eroded
• Rapid Decrease in Absolute Height
• Decrease of Relative Height as well
• No Vertical Erosion . Only Lateral Erosion
• River Meandering very common
• Featureless Plain/ Peneplain formed
• Only Some resistant rocks left – Monadnocks with Concave Slopes

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