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DECCAN CHRONICLE | MONDAY | 17 JUNE 2024 | COIMBATORE

pg 6
Subhani
17 JUNE 2024
A lot of gains for India and

Ukraine at G-7 Italy meet
T
here is a lot to be said for continuity as Prime Minister Narendra
Modi may have gleaned from his meeting with the leaders of the
rich G-7 nations and the Pope. Familiarity seems to have spurred
even more of the bonhomie that India’s leader has built up and sus-
tained with the leaders of the free world as was seen in the happy images
rolling out of the luxury resort of Borgo Egnazia in Italy where a set of
the world’s most influential leaders met and deliberated.
India was only one of the partner countries of the summit — Senegal,
South Africa and Argentina were others — and there was a host of invi-
tees from other countries too. This was, however, another conclave at
which the Prime Minister could bask in key interactions with leaders sig-
nifying how much the world needs the now economically powerful India as
a partner and ally.
Whatever may be the compulsions of a reduced mandate in the Lok
Sabha polls and its effect on the Modi 3.0 gov-
The other visiting ernment, it is clear India’s image is
leader who had sub- intact abroad and useful too as in the G-7
stantial takeaways emphasising on the India-Europe Corridor, for-
mally known as the India-Middle East- Europe
Time to steer Delhi-Dhaka

from the summit in Economic Corridor (IMEC) when announced on
Italy was Ukraine’s the sidelines of the G-20 summit in New Delhi LETTERS
President Volodymyr last year, and deciding to act on the need to
Zelenskyy whose improve strategic ties amid West Asia tensions. A WINNER
The Prime Minister’s warm meeting with
forces have lost Pope Francis was another positive takeaway NEVER QUITS
considerable ground from the G-7 summit even as Mr Modi’s promi-
in the east to Russian nent central place in the G-7 “family photo op”
invasion and his joy at an affable meeting with the host,
Ms Giorgia Meloni, Prime Minister of Italy, was
not to be missed. Given the greater inclusiveness and diversity of his NDA
government and his own overtures to the Christian community in Kerala
ties out of troubled waters Beijing has Darjeeling and other dis-
From 1967, Tamil Nadu has
been ruled only by the two
Dravidian parties DMK and
ADMK intermittently with
either of them at the helm
before the polls, the outreach to the head of the Catholic Church and an tricts in Teesta’s catchment of affairs. The national par-
proposed financing area, the bulk of which was
Debotri Dhar
invitation to visit India portends well though it is the pontiff’s ties have been playing sec-
health that might determine if he can make the trip. large development given to India.
The two-day summit was so crammed with meetings and hectic bilateral projects on the Despite subsequent efforts ondary role only. AIADMK,
activity that PM Modi could only get to shake hands with the US President Teesta, which under the India-Bangladesh under the stewardship of
Joint Rivers Commission Edappadi Palanisamy, con-
Animal Instincts
Joe Biden as well as greet the Canadian PM Justin Trudeau. There may be have drawn
pressing issues with the US and Canada on purported extraterritorial and the Ganga Water tinues to bite the dust in
killings by India, but they may be taken up at lower official levels rather criticism from Treaty, and visits by succes- all the elections despite
than in face-to-face meetings among leaders. environmentalists... sive Indian Prime Minis-
said to be having huge
L
The other visiting leader who had substantial takeaways from the sum- ast month a video long sexualised torture, New Delhi must find ters, the water issues are yet
number of cadres. It has
mit in Italy was Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelenskyy whose forces of Bangladesh even as many were aban- to be resolved.
doned by their community.
a durable water- Beijing has proposed drawn blank in the recent
have lost considerable ground in the east to Russian invasion. The G-7 Prime Minister
agreed to use frozen Russian assets exceeding $325 billion that are in Sheikh Hasina Like the people and prod- sharing solution financing large develop- parliament election. The
European banks to raise $50 bn for Ukraine to fight the Russian forces. Wajed, the leader ucts of various countries, ment projects on the Teesta, party must introspect and
Mr Zelensky also signed a 10-year bilateral security deal with the US by of the Awami League party, such as the “Indian sari”, to India Eric Garcetti which have drawn criticism analyse the reasons for its
which Washington and Kyiv will work to build and maintain Ukraine’s went viral, in which she was nations themselves too acknowledged that Ameri- from environmentalists.
defence and deterrence capability as well as support its economic security. seen questioning the “boy- sometimes become political ca’s “tilt” towards Pakistan Some hydropower is needed debacle. Withdrawing from
Of course, Russia’s President Vladimir Putin views this move by which cott Indian products” social footballs. This was the chal- and China in the 1970s had in this context, so New the fray citing flimsy rea-
the interest on Russia’s frozen assets would help pay the interest on the G- media campaign that was lenge the birth of Bangla- led to “India thinking of Delhi must remain proac- sons will weaken the party
7 $50 bn loan to Ukraine as “theft”. launched by the country’s desh faced, becoming as it America as not a trustwor- tively engaged in Bangla- and demoralise the cadre.
main Opposition, the BNP. had a football not so much thy partner”. Taking a prin- desh’s sustainable develop- The clueless cadres will
In the video, the Prime between India and Pakistan, cipled stand, New Delhi ment, and to find a durable cast their votes to PMK
Show of unity by Opp. in Maha Minister was scathingly
reminding male members of
the Opposition about their
but between two greater
powers, the United States
and the People’s Republic of
China. New Delhi made
repatriated, without retalia-
tion, nearly one lakh Pakis-
tani prisoners of war under
the 1972 Shimla Agreement.
water-sharing solution.
Since releasing more water
to Bangladesh can adverse-
ly impact irrigation in some
only. This will dent its
image severely besides
giving room to confirm the
wives’ Indian saris. “Why
O
ne of the key states that stopped the BJP from getting a simple are they not taking away repeated attempts to reach Later described by Bangla- poorer districts in West opposition's accusation of
majority in the Lok Sabha elections is Maharashtra where the unity their wives’ saris and set- out to Washington for help, desh’s Constitution as fath- Bengal, chief minister Ma- having secret understand-
of purpose paid for the Maharashtra Vikas Aghadi (MVA), the ting them on fire?” she especially since the refugee er of the nation, Sk Mujibur mata Banerjee should be
Opposition alliance of three major parties. The MVA has now decided to asked at a party meeting, influx, while welcome on Rahman, “Bangabandhu”, invited to the consultative
ing with BJP alliance. EPS
fight the Assembly elections, due for later this year, in a similar way. The leading to an Opposition moral grounds, was becom- also became a friend to In- process, for the Centre and must know "a winner never
move could make it difficult for Mahayuti, the ruling alliance, to return to leader’s reply that his wife ing economically unsustain- dia. After his assassination the state to collaborate in quits and a quitter never
power, if the voting pattern of the Lok Sabha elections offers an indication. had a quilt made out of hers. able for India, given the latin 1975, his daughter has the interest of the nation. wins".
Two of the major constituents of the MVA — the Shiv Sena of Uddhav Analysts have pointed to ter’s already extremely high continued that friendship. The renewal of the Ganga M. Govindaraj, Gudiyatham
Thackeray and the NCP of Sharad Pawar — each had a score to settle with how the sari has since population and density per Now back in power for a Water Treaty should also be
third term, Sheikh Hasina on the agenda.
IN FEAR OF RESULT
the BJP which, they believe, engineered splits in their parties to form the become a political football. capita. However, Washing-
state government, led by Eknath Shinde. To add insult to their injuries, the India-Bangladesh bilater- ton chose to support Islama- alleged American interfer- In accordance with its
Election Commission had recognised the rebels as the real party though al ties span defence, trade bad and to deny the Bengali ence in Bangladesh’s gener- “neighbourhood first” poli- The reasons adduced by Mr.EPS of
their legacies lay with those in the Opposition. The results of the Lok and investments, water and genocide, terming it as an al election, claiming the US cy, New Delhi was right to AIADMK for not contesting in
Sabha elections, however, offered the parties a sense of legitimacy. The energy, and go back a long exaggeration, if not a lie. A wants a regime change, invite the Bangladesh Vikravandi by election are funny
combined Opposition won 31 of the 48 seats leaving only 17 to the NDA. way. The 1947 Partition of key reason for this was that arguably to bring in the con- Prime Minister to the G-20 and frivolous. He says that he has
While the Congress bagged 14 seats including that of a rebel who returned India, which led to the cre- Pakistan was America’s servative BNP. Meanwhile, summit hosted by India last no trust that the bypoll will be fair
to the party fold, Mr Thackeray’s Sena won nine seats and Mr Pawar’s ation of West and East only channel to China, as many are aware that the year and, more recently, to and impartial since it will take
party eight against seven and one, respectively, by the two other factions. Pakistan, would soon wit- Henry Kissinger noted in Bangladeshi anti-India Prime Minister Narendra place fully with the state govern-
Now that the Opposition has learned that it pays to take on the mighty ness allegations of cultural his White House papers. At hashtags are similar to the Modi’s third-term swearing- ment officers and employees con-
enemy united, the alliance partners have decided that the three parties discrimination and human that time, then US President “India Out” ones in the Mal- in ceremony. Bangladesh ducting and managing them at all
and their potential allies will share seats mainly on the winnability factor rights abuses inflicted on Richard Nixon and Kissin- dives backed by China (no will no doubt evaluate Chi- levels. Has he forgotten that all gen-
with “no big brother” among them. On the other side of the divide, the the Bengali population by ger, who would later be his arguments here), a bulk of na’s debt-and-encirclement eral and byelections were conduct-
NDA in the state, led by the BJP, will have to go the extra mile if it wants West Pakistan. In 1970, the secretary of state, were try- these hashtags originating traps. Geopolitical equa- ed in the same manner previously
to keep the flock together, as reports of the rebels returning to their parent Bengali Awami League won ing to build relations with from the social media han- tions do change, so India on too? People think EPS is saddened
parties have already started appearing. The negotiating skills of the par- a decisive majority in Pak- Beijing to negate the Soviet dles of the Bangladeshi dias- its part must hold on strong- by the results of LokSabha elec-
ties in the two fronts will be put to test in coming days which will play a istan’s general election. Ref- influence by taking advan- pora in the US and other ly to this friendly nation, tions and hence is running away
substantial role in deciding who wins the Assembly race. using a democratic transfer tage of the Sino-Soviet con- Western nations. Given whose national anthem from the battlefield.
of power, the Pakistan Ar- flict. The Nixon administra- these impending geopoliti- ‘Amar Sonar Bangla’ was Muthu Srinivasan, Coimbatore
my launched a brutal crack- tion even sent the Seventh cal realities, outstanding bi- composed by none other
DECCAN CHRONICLE
down. In March 1971,
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
Fleet led by the nuclear-
powered aircraft-carrier
lateral issues with Dhaka
need to be diplomatically
than our own Rabindranath
Tagore, who also composed GOING TICKETLESS
issued a call to the Bangla- USS Enterprise to the Bay of addressed on a priority India’s national anthem. Last week, ticketless passengers
KAUSHIK MITTER K. SUDHAKAR Meanwhile, I am visiting
Editor Printer & Publisher deshi nationalist move- Bengal to aid Pakistan basis. crowded reserved coaches on the
R. MOHAN ment; in retaliation, the Pa- against India. A critical one pertains to Kolkata, preparing for a lec- Vande Bharat train from Lucknow
Resident Editor kistani Army launched Ope- Ultimately, India negotiat- the Teesta water-sharing, as ture and enjoying wearing to Dehradun, with most of them
DECCAN CHRONICLE offices are located at: ration Searchlight, leading ed a friendship treaty with the agreement has been saris, including Benarasi packed tightly in the aisles. There
Chennai: SP 3 Developed Plot, Industrial Estate, Guindy, Chennai 600032. Phones: (044) 22254750, and Dhakai. Footballs, even
22254751 to the killing of an estimated Soviet Union and, following stalled since 2011. The Tees- is one more opportunity for these
Coimbatore: No. 2/22 Sengalipalayam Road, N.G.G.O. Colony Post, Kurudampalayam Village, 300,000 to 3,000,000 Bengali a December attack by Pa- ta flows out from India’s political ones, can some- men coming their way. At the G7
Coimbatore-641022. Phone: (0422) 2231255, 2231256 civilians. The operation led kistan, provided military Sikkim, and through West times have a mind of their summit, Japanese Prime Minister
Hyderabad: 36, Sarojini Devi Road, Secunderabad 500 003. Phone: (040) 27803930-4. Fax: (040) to a large refugee influx into support to the Mukti Bahi- Bengal, before entering own, and the timeless sari Fumio Kishida has assured his
27805256. that has always beckoned
Visakhapatnam: Survey No. 1/3A Beach Road, Near Kailasagiri Ropeway, Sector-9 MVP Colony, India, with the numbers ni. Under the instructions of Bangladesh. It’s the fourth Indian counterpart that all uncer-
Visakhapatnam - 530 017. Phones: (0891) 2552333/2552334, Fax (0891) 2755285 swelling to 10 million. A rep- then Prime Minister Indira largest river system shared with its beauty is not fading tainties about the Bullet Train pro-
Vijayawada: No. C 3 & 4, Patamata, Industrial Estate, Auto Nagar, Vijayawada (A.P.). Phones: (0866) rehensible aspect of the war Gandhi, and the strategic with Bangladesh after the out of sight anytime soon. ject had been removed and that the
2555284/ 2555287, Fax (0866) 2555234 were camps for the system- leadership of Army chief Ganga, Brahmaputra and high-speed train would become a
Rajahmundry: Vemagiri, Dhawleswaram Rd, Rajahmundry 533125. Phones: (0883) 2417208, 2417618 Dr Debotri Dhar is an
Anantapur: Thapovan Colony, Bangalore Bye-Pass Road, Anantapur 515004. Phones: (08554) 276903, atic rape and forced impreg- Gen. (later Field-Marshal) Meghna. During the draft- reality in India soon. The ticket-
Fax: 08554-276904 nation of Bengali women. Sam Manekshaw, the ing of the 1947 Boundary author, educator, academic, less passengers, however, are
Nellore: Survey No. 527/2, Burranpur Village, Venkatachalam (M), Chemudugunta Panchayat, Nellore. Thousands of these “birang- Indian Army helped bring Commission Report demar- consultant, and founder of advised not to hurry but wait till
Phone: (0861) 2348581/ 82, Telefax (0861) 2348580 onas”, or warrior women, about a quick victory, lead- cating the boundary bet- the Hummingbird Global the bonhomie dies down, as has
Karimnagar: H .No. 1-21-12/1, Cheralabhutkur Road, Mugudhumpur Village, Karim Nagar - 505186 Leaders Forum. She is a
Phone : 9121181123 caught in the big battles ing to Pakistan’s surrender ween India and then-East happened in the case of Vande
between men, later gave tes- on December 16, 1971. Pakistan, the Muslim women’s studies and global Bharat.
timony about their months- Recently, US ambassador League had asked for studies expert. P.G. Menon, Chennai
I
ndia’s recent Lok Sabha elections unfolded very ion, argument and activism. Notwithstanding the matically, keeping different sides happy. I have not tious about allowing political discussions in school.
dramatically and though we couldn’t quite trust earlier protests, Harvard has decided that in the yet heard of school teachers trying to present their However, if the whole exercise is taken as part of the
the print media and TV channels, we were vast- absence of a formal policy governing the issue of an own political views forcefully nor school students education system and teachers are adept at manag-
ly engaged as well as entertained by the social official statement, university leaders “can and arguing powerfully with their teachers. The total ing conflict as well as facilitating discussions, the
media. I was in New York during this entire period should speak out publicly to promote and protect absence of discussion of significant or disputed poli- school would become a rich learning ground where
and was drawn by the political story that was sim- the core function of the university, which is to cre- cies is a big flaw in our approach to teaching and children don’t receive information passively or
Devi Kar mering there around Donald Trump’s trial over the
“hush money cases”. It was like an addictive mini
ate an environment suitable for pursuing truth
through research, scholarship and teaching”.
learning. If, broadly speaking, education is taken as
the pursuit of truth, discussion and differences of
accept the beliefs of the adults around them unques-
tioningly.
serial and finally the former US President was de- However, it is not their business to side with Israel opinion must be accommodated, otherwise we end Nation building in a democracy starts with the
clared guilty on all 34 counts for which he had been or Ukraine or Russia or to show sympathy for Gaza. up nurturing students who have passively received development of responsible citizens and the build-
charged. This is the first time in history that a felon Universities understand the need to exist meaning- knowledge that has been established and conveyed ing blocks are discussion, argument, consensus and
would be a candidate for the White House. fully in a polarised world. by others and they have not been encouraged to the acceptance of differences. If these practices are
Encourage kids Another arena of theatre was the issue of the Gaza
war, while Americans were supplying potent
weapons to Israel. I read about the unrest in differ-
ent US campuses and the fiery speeches of valedic-
So far as our schools in India are concerned, the
media never publishes the discussions and argu-
ments that take place in schools, and I am sure such
conversations are not discouraged in the schools
process knowledge independently.
Thus, it is important for people, young and old, to
keep questioning, reflecting and pursuing the truth
for themselves. While thinking about this, I some-
not adopted in school, we will not have a mature
nation where civilised arguments take place in
Parliament, political opponents are not looked upon
as enemies, personal attacks are not made and hate
to think, raise torians being shouted down at graduation cere-

monies. Next, I saw a prominent opinion piece titled
“Harvard Should Say Less. Maybe All Schools
that want their students to think for themselves.
The pursuit of truth is the central pillar of education
and a school should not limit its teachings to the
times, come to the conclusion that the most impor-
tant virtue one can have is courage -- courage to
stand up to people, courage to say something differ-
speeches are not resorted to.
We should be proud of our democracy and proud
of our ordinary citizens who are, in many cases,
questions: Vital Should” (written by Noah Feldman and Alison

Feldman, professors of law and philosophy at
Harvard).
Now there is a big controversy around this as col-
prescribed course material.
I am afraid that when it comes to social science
subjects such as history, civics, sociology or even
political science, students are usually taught only
ent, courage to not join the herd and courage (and
basic common sense) to not be brainwashed by peo-
ple in authority.
In the school context, it is perhaps important to
given attention only before elections. However, it is
imperative that young people should be educated to
become responsible citizens not only by observing
Independence Day and Republic Day or supporting
for democracy leges and universities jealously guard their right to

speak freely, to dissent and to speak or write pub-
licly against their school’s as well as the nation’s
facts that are relevant to the topics prescribed in
their syllabus and the comments are restricted to
those mentioned in the prescribed course books. If
include an important caveat. We have to make sure
that these discussions and arguments take place in
an environment that is conducive to thinking and
the Indian team in sports competitions but many of
them should want to participate in the actual gover-
nance of the country. India needs able and upright
policy. Till recently, any criticism of the Indian cen- at all there is any discussion of different views, stu- learning. Perhaps it is the worry that classrooms political leaders.
tral government’s policy was deemed “seditious” dents tend to present what they hear at home. If would be transformed into battlegrounds, that fac-
and “anti-national”, but the very definition of there are different viewpoints in class, the teachers tions would emerge and the ultimately harmony The writer is a veteran school educator
democracy implies discussion, differences of opin- prefer to appear neutral. They explain things diplo- would be destroyed that makes schools extra cau- based in Kolkata
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7KHUHVWRIWKHFRXQWU\FRXOGWDNHDFXHIURP5DMDVWKDQ,QGHHGKHDOWKFDUHV\VWHPV Hamas’s charter, which is con- under Netanyahu) has regular- ceasefire and rapprochement. the Palestinians. Whereas the
DUHXQGHUVLJQLILFDQWSUHVVXUHZLWKKRVSLWDOVDQGFOLQLFVZLWQHVVLQJDVKDUSLQFUHDVH strued as the complete extermi- ly cocked a snook at the United Given that these three coun- United Kingdom, Malta,
LQKHDWUHODWHGPHGLFDOHPHUJHQFLHV7RFRSHZLWKWKHVXUJHDGGLWLRQDOPHGLFDOVWDII nation of the Israeli State and the Nations by becoming the most tries are ‘Western’ and have Australia, and Slovenia have
PXVWEHGHSOR\HGDQGWHPSRUDU\PHGLFDOIDFLOLWLHVPXVWEHVHWXSLQVRPHDUHDVWR Jews. The polemics are deeply ‘sanctioned’ nation in the ostensibly no axe to grind gone one step further and
symbolic. world. It also cares little about with Israel (unlike any of the threatened to follow suit with
KDQGOHWKHRYHUIORZRISDWLHQWV:KDWZHDUHZLWQHVVLQJFDQEHDWWULEXWHGWRFOLPDWH Israel is today conducting a international condemnation. Arab Sheikdoms or Iran) and Norway, Spain, and Ireland in
FKDQJH8UEDQDUHDVPXVWKDYHPRUHJUHHQVSDFHVZKLFKKHOSORZHUWHPSHUDWXUHV brazen and no-holds barred retal- But perhaps it has overplayed hence their action is only root- recognising the Palestine State.
&OLPDWHH[SHUWVZDUQWKDWVXFKHYHQWVDUHOLNHO\WREHFRPHPRUHIUHTXHQWDQGVHYHUH iation (already accounted for its trademark belligerence for ed in genuine concern and While all of this is still in the
LQWKHFRPLQJ\HDUVGXHWRFOLPDWHFKDQJHQHFHVVLWDWLQJFRPSUHKHQVLYHSODQVWRSUR over 35,000 Palestinian deaths) now, as the reactions from morality. A country like realm of symbolism without
that remains unheeding and countries that were once clear- 8BA04;8BC>30H Norway, is in any case the bea- any concrete interference in the
WHFWSXEOLFKHDOWK%\LQYHVWLQJLQVXVWDLQDEOHLQIUDVWUXFWXUHHQKDQFLQJKHDOWKFDUHV\V unconcerned to global calls for ly pro-Israel (e.g., the USA) or 2>=3D2C8=60 con of ethics and humanity, in expanding Israeli footprint and
WHPFDSDFLWLHVDQGSURPRWLQJSXEOLFDZDUHQHVV,QGLDFDQEXLOGUHVLOLHQFHDJDLQVWIXWXUH restraint. In some ways, the hor- cautiously guarded (e.g. the global comity of nations – flattening of the Gaza Strip –
KHDWZDYHVDQGVDIHJXDUGWKHKHDOWKRILWVSRSXODWLRQLQDQLQFUHDVLQJO\ZDUPLQJZRUOG rific 7th Oct attack by the terror Western European nations) 1A0I4=0=3=> hence that bears its own signif- it will be significant in check-
group Hamas was serendipitous- are finding it increasingly dif- icance with such an action. It mating Netanyahu’s amoral
ly timed for the already unpop- ficult to maintain their stand, 7>;3B10AA43 could therefore impact and gal- politics and untenable
?82D1<; ular, dictatorial, and tainted
Benjamin Netanyahu. Expectedly,
as the global outcry over Israeli
excess becomes louder. While
A4C0;80C8>=C70C vanise public opinion within
Israel to put internal pressure
approach in Gaza Strip. Even
Netanyahu’s instinctive reac-
after the attack the opposition typically it wouldn’t have mat- A4<08=B on Netanyahu. Such a develop- tion that such moves by one-
parties put their differences aside tered to Israel under ment, if it were to accrue, is time allies tantamount to
and joined the National Unity Netanyahu – but perhaps now D=74438=60=3 possibly Netanyahu’s worst ‘rewarding’ Hamas will not
Government to stand together in it does, given that it could back- D=2>=24A=43C> nightmare come true. His sur- have too many takers as truly
the face of national crisis. It also fire on the public mood in vival and legitimacy are pred- neutral countries like Norway
distracted the attention from Israel which in any case is tir- 6;>10;20;;B5>A icated on the still popular are not known to take sides in
Netanyahu’s misgovernance till ing of the bloodshed and even notions of extracting ‘justifi- conflict one way or the other,
then and offered a much-needed more wary of Netanyahu’s abil- A4BCA08=C able’ revenge, and the sudden or even to ‘derecognize’ Israel,
distraction. Netanyahu grabbed ity to lead the nation, here- siding of Western powers (once but only to drive peace with
the opportunity of the wounded inafter. pro-Israel) towards his neme- the insistence of the ‘two-
moment to launch an unprece- Three Western countries i.e., sis i.e., Palestine, deligitimises nation’ formula of Oslo
dented revenge that has now got Spain, Ireland and Norway those notions. Agreement and peace, as the
his initial allies like the USA to have announced that they will Even its staunchest ally, the only way forward.
rethink. After many supportive now recognise a Palestinian United States of America, is (The writer, a military
vetoes in the Security Council, the State (with borders that exist- facing consequences of afford- veteran, is a former Lt Governor
US was forced to agree with ed prior to the 1967 war, with ing an initial ‘blank cheque’ of Andaman & Nicobar Islands
motions that called out the dis- Jerusalem as the joint capital). onto Israel with rising protests and Puducherry. The views
proportionality of Israeli revenge. It is a wholly symbolic move across its campuses, some- expressed are personal)
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Madam — Apropos the news story “The
robustness of India’s political system,” pub-
lished on June 15, this is my response. VPcWTaX]VÛ:PbW\XaX?P]SXcbPccWTAPV]hP3TeX
Civil society thrives on a shared accep- cT\_[TXbP_^XV]P]caT\X]STaÛcWTXa[^]VX]V
\_^WdUb]bU\QdY_^cXY`c tance of rules and practices, whether doc- Uâ W^\T 0bW^Z :d\Pa³b fâSb °B_aX]V WPb
umented or not. The UK’s unwritten con- R^\TQPRZPVPX]±RP_cdaTcWTQXccTabfTTc]PcdaT
45521C1<9=8A50= stitution exemplifies this, demonstrating Û cWTXa eXbXc¯RT[TQaPcX]V cWTXa WTaXcPVT fWX[T
that selfregulation and mutual respect can hTPa]X]VUâP_Ta\P]T]caTcda]3Tb_XcTcWTaTRT]c
%\IRVWHULQJPXWXDOVXSSRUWHIIHFWLYHFRPPXQLFDWLRQDQGVKDUHGJRDOV maintain order even amid disagreements. bdaVTX]eX^[T]RTcWTbcTPSUPbcUPXcWÛcWTbTSTe^
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This contrasts with countries with writ-
FRXSOHVFDQEXLOGDUHVLOLHQWERQGWKDWZLWKVWDQGVWKHWHVWRIWLPH ten constitutions that struggle with order- CWT X\PVT Û [^RP[ <db[X\ UP\X[XTb bTccX]V d_
ly conduct, often resorting to courts for bW^_b P]S ÛUTaX]V bd__âc SdaX]V cWT UTbcXeP[
Fairytales and romantic and unity. It is also vital to support from a counselor conflict resolution. d]STabRâTbPb_XaXcÛR^\\d]P[WPa\^]hcWPc
comedies have long shaped develop skills for healthy con- can be invaluable. A success- Recent Indian parliamentary elections :PbW\XaSTb_TaPcT[h]TTSb7^fTeTacWTaTP[Xch
our dreams of love, painting flict resolution, as disagree- ful long-term relationship is highlight the maturity and fairness of the- aT\PX]b WPabW BdRRTbbXeT 6êTa]\T]cb WPeT
idyllic pictures of happily ments are inevitable in a not about achieving an unat- electoral process. The electorate’s peace- UPX[TSc^bTRdaTP[PbcX]Vb^[dcX^]UâcWTSXb_[PRTS
ever after. However, reality long-term relationship. tainable state of bliss but fulexercise of political choices reflects their ?P]SXcbCWTR^]bcadRcX^]ÛPHPcaX=XfPbUâ_X[
0
tells a different story. Long- Maintaining the spark in a about embracing the journey thoughtful judgment. However, cabinet _a^_^bcWT]Tfbbcâh°:PbW\XaX?P]SXcbbTT VaX\bXbPb\P[[bcT_QdcXcUP[[bbWâcÛPSSaTbb
term relationships in the real deeply satisfying relationship with its inevitable twists and appointments based on the Prime ²aTcda]Ûb_aX]V³±_dQ[XbWTS^]9d]T $cWXb X]VcWTQa^PSTaXbbdTÛaTbTcc[T\T]cCadT²VWPa
world are far messier and involves creating space for turns. By focusing on com- Minister’s prerogative, including nonelect- Xb \h aTb_^]bT ATPSX]V PQ^dc cWT <T[P fP_bX³aT\PX]bPSXbcP]cSaTP\êTabWPS^fTS
more dynamic than their cin- where personal exploration individual pursuits outside of munication, shared goals, and ed members, have sparked debate. While :WTTa1WPfP]XUX[[b\TfXcW\XgTST\^cX^]bCWT QhbTRdaXchR^]RTa]bP]S_^[XcXRP[X]TacXP
ematic counterparts. It is and growth enhance the part- the partnership. This fosters individual interests, partners some see this as a deviation from norms, aTcda]Ûb_aX]VX]:PbW\Xabh\Q^[XbTSQhcWT Aarush Kapoor |Vijayawada
essential to understand that nership’s foundation. In such a sense of self and helps in can build a connection that it’s crucial to recognise the inherent flex-
the happily ever after narra- relationships, partners contin- developing a personal identi- evolves and deepens over ibility in political decision-making. The also harbours a significant amount of mis- based on their relationship with God and
tive may not be practically uously evolve as individuals, ty, which can reignite the time. The happily ever after formation of a 70+ ministerial house information, especially concerning health their actions. Devotees, who worship with
achievable. Instead, we must with their passions, priorities, spark and reduce co-depen- may not be a permanent des- underlines the complexity and balance supplements. Misleading advertisements devotion, are closest to God and achieve
delve into a more nuanced and goals shifting over time. dency. For long-term fulfill- tination, but the journey of required in such decisions, showcasing the and exaggerated claims about vitamins liberation. They embody God’s teachings
perspective on what consti- Strong, lasting relationships ment, intimacy must go building a satisfying part- artistry and maturity of the Indian polit- and dietary supplements can lead to seri- and inspire others.
tutes success and fulfillment develop on the foundation of beyond the intense passion of nership can definitely be a ical system. Despite negative press, these ous health risks. Profit-driven motives Next are God’s instruments, like Arjuna,
in lasting partnerships. As we good communication, creat- the initial stages. Prioritizing deeply enriching experience. decisions should be accepted as part of overshadow consumer safety, causing who carry out divine instructions and are
reimagine and reinvent the ing a safe space for vulnera- quality time, focusing on The essence of a successful theevolving political landscape. individuals to potentially forgo evidence- rewarded in heaven but must return to
path to success in long-term bility where feelings, needs, physical affection, and creat- long-term relationship lies in Saanvi Jain | Jamshedpur based treatments. To combat this, promot- earth after their merits are exhausted.
relationships, we must and desires can be openly ing shared experiences play embracing the journey with ing scientific literacy and critical think- Social workers, like King Janaka, perform
remember that unrealistic expressed. This openness essential roles in nurturing all its complexities and imper- 3?=21D9>7851<D8=9C9>6?B=1D9?> ing among consumers is crucial. Social welfare acts, benefiting humanity and
expectations and ideals can enhances trust and emotion- intimacy. Social media can fections. By appreciating each Madam — Apropos the news story media platforms must enhance content earning God’s favour. Good people, char-
only lead to disillusionment. al intimacy, leading to a deep- put intense pressure on cou- other's unique qualities and “Addressing misinformation about health moderation and regulatory bodies need acterised by their inherent goodness and
Facing real-life challenges, er bond between partners. ples to maintain a ‘Perfect navigating conflicts with supplements,” published on June 15, this to enforce strict penalties on manufactur- philanthropists, who selflessly help oth-
including conflict, growth, Acceptance is also crucial for Couple’ image, but real life grace, couples can build a is my response. In today’s digital age, peo- ers spreading misinformation. Education ers, are also recognised by God. Common
and change, is an inevitable lasting fulfillment. People, cannot be perfect 365 days a resilient and dynamic part- ple often trust online resources more than and stringent regulations are vital to people, primarily driven by passion and
part of any enduring partner- like relationships, are a beau- year. The ability to weather nership. Real love is all about fellow human beings. It’s common dur- ensure public health and consumer safty. survival, form the society’s backbone. The
ship. In this rapidly changing tiful mosaic of strengths and storms together as a team is supporting each other ing travel to follow Google Maps rather Vihaan Sharma | Udaipur Geeta emphasises that God empowers
world, it is prudent to navigate quirks. what demonstrates the through life's challenges and than ask a local for directions. Even when those with virtuous intentions, guiding
these complexities, offering a While individual growth is strength of love. Prioritizing celebrating the moments of a local provide correct guidance, we 7?45=@?G5BC7??4>5CC them and ensuring they receive His sup-
more realistic and ultimately important, strong relation- self-love is the foundation for joy. view them with scepticism. For the pre- Madam — Apropos the news story port, ultimately highlighting the impor-
more satisfying vision of long- ships benefit from a shared a fulfilling relationship, as (Author is Dubai-based sent generation, Google and WhatsApp “God’s varied interest in humanity,” pub- tance of living a life aligned with divine
term relationship success. compass. Whether it's a pas- partners content with them- award-winning Poet, have become libraries and teachers. This lished on June 15, this is my response. The principles
Healthy relationships are sion for travel or a dream of selves can contribute positive- Novelist, Writing Retreat trend extends to healthcare, where many BhagavadGeeta suggests that God is Meera Rao | Raipur
dynamic ecosystems, not sta- building a family together, ly to the partnership. If cou- Curator and Founder of rely on internet sources rather than vis- deeply invested in us, especially those who
tic stalemates. They thrive on having common core values ples encounter endless chal- TheWriteScene.com. Views iting a physical doctor. While the inter- seek to live righteously. According to its BT]Shh^daUUTTSQPRZcc^)
creating an environment provides a sense of purpose lenges, seeking professional expressed are personal) net offers easy access to information, it teachings humans can be categorised [TccTabc^_X^]TTa/V\PX[R^\
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J hearts of millions around the world.
It is a day when the ancient science
of yoga and the universal language
of music unite, creating a sympho-
ny of wellness and harmony. “International
Yoga Day (IYD)” and “World Music Day
(WMD)”, both celebrated on this date,
PLQGDQGERG\WRUHFKDUJHDQGUHIRFXV offer a unique opportunity to explore the
interconnections between physical, men-
$FFRUGLQJWRYDULRXVVWXGLHVDQGUHVHDUFKLWKDVEHHQIRXQGWKDWWKH tal and emotional well-being. Yoga, with
PRVWSURGXFWLYHHPSOR\HHVKDYHZRUNHGIRUPLQXWHVIROORZHGE\D its deep roots in Indian culture and music
PLQXWHEUHDN)XUWKHUPRUHWKHVWXGLHVDOVRVXJJHVWWKDWWKHPLQGRI — an intrinsic element of human expres-
DQLQGLYLGXDOLVQRWPDGHIRUQRQVWRSZRUN,WEHFRPHVHVVHQWLDOWRWDNH sion — converge to create a holistic
UHJXODUEUHDNVIRUVXVWDLQLQJKLJKSHUIRUPDQFHDQGDYRLGLQJPHQWDOIDWLJXH approach to health and happiness.
5HJDUGOHVVRILQGLYLGXDO·VMRESURILOHWDNLQJUHJXODUEUHDNVLVDVLPSOH Originating in India over 5,000 years ago,
\HWHIIHFWLYHVWUDWHJ\WRHQKDQFHWKHRYHUDOOZRUNSHUIRUPDQFHDQGZHOO Yoga integrates physical postures, breath
control, meditation and ethical principles
EHLQJ&RQWLQXRXVZRUNZLWKRXWEUHDNVFDQOHDGWREXUQRXWZKLFKLV to achieve harmony between mind, body
FKDUDFWHUL]HGE\H[KDXVWLRQDQGGHFUHDVHGSURGXFWLYLW\%UHDNVKHOSWR and spirit. The earliest references to yoga
UHFKDUJHPHQWDOO\DQGSK\VLFDOO\5HJXODUEUHDNVLPSURYHIRFXVDQGFRQ are found in the Rigveda and it was fur-
FHQWUDWLRQ6WHSSLQJDZD\IURPWDVNVSHULRGLFDOO\KHOSVLQGLYLGXDOVUHWXUQ ther elaborated in the Upanishads and the
ZLWKDFOHDUHUPLQGDQGUHQHZHGHQHUJ\ Bhagavad Gita which defines Yoga as “The
%\LQWHJUDWLQJEUHDNVLQWRWKHZRUNURXWLQHDQLQGLYLGXDOFDQPDLQWDLQ journey of the self, through the self, to the
KLJKSURGXFWLYLW\UHGXFHVWUHVVDQGLPSURYHWKHLUSK\VLFDODVZHOODV self ”. Further, Patanjali’s ‘Yoga Sutras’,
written around 400 CE, systematically out-
PHQWDOKHDOWK lined the eight limbs of yoga, providing a
,QVKRUWSULRULWL]LQJEUHDNVLVDQLQYHVWPHQWLQWKHLUORQJWHUPFDUHHU framework for physical, mental and spir-
VXFFHVVDQGSHUVRQDOKDSSLQHVVIRULWFDQIRVWHUFUHDWLYLW\DQGLQQRYD itual practices. Over the centuries, yoga
WLRQ,WLVRIWHQEHOLHYHGWKDWZKHQDQLQGLYLGXDOWDNHVDSDXVHIURPZRUN evolved with contributions from various
WKHEUDLQVEHFRPHIUHHWRZDQGHUDQGH[SORUHQHZLGHDVDQGFDQOHDG yogis and saints, adapting to cultural
WRXQH[SHFWHGVROXWLRQV changes and diversifying into numerous
styles such as Hatha, Ashtanga, Kundalini
and so on.
Yoga has transcended cultural and geo-
graphic boundaries in contemporary soci-
ety, gaining global recognition for its myr-
iad health benefits. Scientific research con-
firms its effectiveness in improving phys-
ical fitness, mental clarity and emotional sizing the timeless relevance of ing and twisting, it’s a process of yoga’s emphasis on ‘Omkar
resilience. For instance, studies published yoga in today’s world. creating a situation where your Sadhana’, which resonates with the
in reputable journals like the ‘European Simultaneously, World Music Day body and mind are in tune with foundation of Indian classical
Journal of Preventive Cardiology’ high- celebrates the joy of music in all its nature and music,” which can be music in ‘Omkar’. He highlighted
lights yoga’s ability to enhance cardiovas- diverse forms, underscoring its seen during the Shivaratri celebra- how these practices complement
cular health by lowering blood pressure, power to heal and unite. Today, cel- tions which Isha Foundation orga- each other, enhancing respiratory
cholesterol levels and body mass index. ebrations worldwide feature mass nizes every year, blending music, strength through physical exercise
The ‘Journal of Psychiatric Practice’, which yoga sessions, workshops and edu- meditation and yogic practices. and drawing inspiration from the
suggests ‘yoga’ can complement treatment cational events, highlighting yoga’s This connection between yoga energy of sound.
7KHLPSRUWDQFHRIWDNLQJEUHDNVIURPZRUNKDVEHFRPHHYHQPRUHSUR for major depressive disorder by integrat- universal appeal and its capacity to and music does elevate the practice, However, some ‘Yog Acharyas’
ing physical postures and meditation unite people across cultural and enhancing the flow of positive also believe that in certain styles of
QRXQFHGDIWHUWKH&29,'SDQGHPLFGXHWRVHYHUDOIDFWRUVWKDWKDYH techniques laying emphasis on mindful- national boundaries. energy and creating a meditative yoga, the incorporation of music
DOWHUHGWKHZD\SHRSOHZRUNDQGOLYH7KH&29,'SDQGHPLFKDVDPSOL ness and breath control fosters inner Similarly, “World Music Day”, also State conducive to inner peace. varies and may not universally be
ILHGWKHQHHGIRUUHJXODUEUHDNVIURPZRUNWRPDQDJHLQFUHDVHGVWUHVV calm and concentration, thus enhancing known as ‘Fête de la Musique’, is As B.K.S. Iyengar, a pioneering deemed suitable. For instance,
GLJLWDOIDWLJXHDQGEOXUUHGZRUNOLIHERXQGDULHV7KHVHEUHDNVDUHHVVHQ
WLDOIRUPDLQWDLQLQJSURGXFWLYLW\FUHDWLYLW\SK\VLFDOKHDOWKDQGRYHUDOOZHOO
cognitive function. Also, the ‘International
Journal of Yoga’ enhances emotional reg-
9D=4! celebrated on June 21, coinciding
with International Yoga Day.
yoga guru, had put it that “Yoga, an
ancient but perfect science, deals
within the contexts of ‘Vinyasa’ and
‘Anusara’ methodologies, music
EHLQJLQDUDSLGO\FKDQJLQJZRUNHQYLURQPHQW ulation and positive effect with practices 24;41A0C4B Originating in France in 1981-82, with the evolution of humanity. has gained greater acceptance.
like guided meditation and pranayama that according to one theory, this day This evolution includes all aspects Conversely, in Iyengar sessions, the
,QFRUSRUDWLQJUHJXODUEUHDNVVXFKDVDVKRUWIDPLO\YDFDWLRQRULIQRWD
are particularly effective in cultivating 8=C4A=0C8>=0; has grown into a global event of one’s being, from bodily health auditory environment typically
YDFDWLRQMXVWLQFRUSRUDWLQJPLFUREUHDNVLQWRWKHZRUNGD\RUPLGGD\H[HU
FLVHEUHDNVFDQOHDGWRQXPHURXVFRPSRXQGLQJEHQHILWVWKHUHE\PDN
emotional stability and resilience.
Presently, millions of individuals world-
H>6030H0=3 dedicated to celebrating the univer-
sal language of music. It encourages
to self-realization.” The integration
of music into yoga practices helps
consists solely of the teacher’s
guidance. Here, the utilization of
LQJLWDVLPSOH\HWHIIHFWLYHVWUDWHJ\IRUPDLQWDLQLQJERWKSURGXFWLYLW\DQG wide adopt yoga not merely for physical F>A;3<DB82 musicians of all levels to perform achieve this holistic development, music, when employed, hinges
ZHOOEHLQJ:HQDQLQGLYLGXDOZLOOWDNHDOOIRUPVRIEUHDNVWKH\ZLOOVHHN fitness, but as a comprehensive approach in public spaces, promoting free fostering mental clarity and emo- upon the instructor’s discretion,
SRVLWLYHHPRWLRQVRIH[FLWHPHQWMR\KDSSLQHVVLQVSLUDWLRQSULGHDQG to health and well-being. For instance, in 30HD=8C8=6C74 and diverse musical expressions. tional stability. According to a which may be argued.
PXFKPRUHZKLFKZLOOXOWLPDWHO\VXSHUFKDUJHWKHFRJQLWLYHUHVWRUDWLRQ the United States, yoga participation has
increased dramatically over the past
0=284=C Music’s power to unite, heal and
uplift resonates deeply, making
June 21, 2022 report from TOI, Dr.
Pratiksha Gadkari, a physiothera-
In today’s fast-paced world, where
stress and mental health issues are
7KHUHLVQRGHQ\LQJWKHIDFWWKDWDQ\LQGLYLGXDOFDQJHWWRRZUDSSHGXS
LQZRUNVWUHVVZKHQZRUNLVWKHRQO\VRXUFHRILGHQWLW\YDOLGDWLRQDQG
decade, with a significant percentage of the ?A02C824>5 this celebration an important cul- pist, emphasized the benefits of prevalent and have hit the youth
population practicing yoga regularly. tural event. yoga in enhancing joint flexibility largely, the combination of yoga
FRQILGHQFHWKH\KDYHEXWLWEHFRPHVFUXFLDODWWLPHVIRULQGLYLGXDOVWR Similarly, in Europe, yoga has been inte- H>600=3C74 Music has long been recognised for and range of motion. She highlight- and music offers a sanctuary for
JHWLQFRQWDFWZLWKDFWLYLWLHVWKDWDUHFRPSOHWHO\XQUHODWHGWRWKHLUSUR
IHVVLRQDOOLIHVXFKDVDQXQUHODWHGKREE\RUDFDVXDOFRQYHUVDWLRQVDERXW
grated into public health programs and
educational curricula, emphasizing its
D=8E4AB0; its therapeutic effects, aiding in
emotional healing and mental
ed its role in improving balance
through posture and movement,
healing and rejuvenation. This
synergistic approach can alleviate
QRQZRUNWRSLFVZLWKIULHQGJURXSVWKDWFRXOGRIWHQJHQHUDWHODXJKWHU role in promoting overall wellness. ;0=6D064>5 wellness. Research indicates that while also noting the calming symptoms of depression and anx-
Thus, International Yoga Day has become music can reduce stress, alleviate effects of music on the mind. Dr. iety, providing a natural remedy to
HQFRXUDJHPHQWDQGPXFKPRUH$VLVRIWHQVDLGFRQWHQWPHQWLVQ·WWKH
VDPHDVFRPSODFHQF\$OORIXVVKRXOGXUJHRXUVHOYHVWREHFRQWHQW
a global event following its proposal by <DB82C> pain and improve cognitive func- Gadkari suggested that starting combat the pressures of modern
VZLPLQJUDWLWXGHDQGUDGLFDODFFHSWDQFHRIQRZLQDZRUOGWKDWLVQHYHU
Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the
United Nations General Assembly in
?A><>C4 tion. In the context of yoga, music
enhances the practice by creating
exercise routines with soothing
music can boost energy and pro-
life. Together, yoga and music
intertwine to foster physical well-
JRLQJWREHKDSS\ 2014. The resolution, co-sponsored by 177 7>;8BC82740;C7 a serene atmosphere, aiding con- mote a fresh start to the day. being and mental relaxation, offer-
5HPHPEHUZKHWKHU\RX·UHDKLJKSRZHUHGH[HFXWLYHDWHDFKHUDFUH nations, emphasizes yoga’’s holistic bene- centration and facilitating deeper The report also quoted Amar ing a holistic approach to health
DWLYHDUWLVWDKHDOWKFDUHZRUNHUDFXVWRPHUVHUYLFHUHSUHVHQWDWLYHRU fits for health and well-being. This day F4;;148=60=3 relaxation. The synergy of yoga and Kulkarni, a renowned singer and and harmony. It’s time we start to
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and encourage its practice, promoting
6;>10; music can profoundly influence
one’s well-being, offering a compre-
music teacher who practices yoga
regularly. He drew parallels
breathe in with rhythm and expe-
rience divinity in our inner peace.
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unity and peace. Under the dynamic 70A<>=H hensive approach to mental and between yoga and music and men- (The writer is Programme
leadership of Prime Minister Narendra emotional health. tioned how both disciplines can Executive, Gandhi Smriti and
SXQFWXDWHZRUNKRXUVZLWKUHMXYHQDWLQJSDXVHV Modi, International Yoga Day has gained Yogi and mystic, Sadhguru once generate internal energy and pos- Darshan Samiti; views
7KHZULWHULVDQHGXFDWRUYLHZVDUHSHUVRQDO unprecedented global recognition, empha- said, “Yoga is not just about bend- itive vibes. Kulkarni pointed out are personal)
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=USKTOT(ONGXZNXO\KZNXU[MNS[YNXUUSI[RZO\GZOUTGINOK\OTMLOTGTIOGROTJKVKTJKTIKGTJIUTZXOH[ZOTMYOMTOLOIGTZR_ZURUIGRKIUTUSOKY
ushrooms are rapid- distinct identity in mush- financial condition. She For her commendable work, ficial because it is easy to highly poisonous. After much significantly across various
M ly gaining recogni-
tion and popularity
in the culinary world for
room production, often sur-
passing their male counter-
parts.
always aspired to be self-
reliant. One day, she learned
about a mushroom farming
Neelam has been honoured as
a successful farmer by Dr.
Rajendra Prasad Central
grow. It can be cultivated
easily at home, with low costs
and high profits. The mush-
explanation, people began to
understand the difference
between edible mushrooms
districts in Bihar. From hotels
and restaurants to wedding
functions and feasts, mush-
their unique taste and versa- For the past ten years, training programme offered Agricultural University, Pusa. room crop is ready in just 25 and gobar chhata. Once this room dishes are becoming a
tility. Dishes such as mush- Manorama Singh, a farmer, by an NGO called ‘Atma.’ She Her reputation as a mush- days. He shared that initially, distinction was clear, the vil- status symbol. Beyond the
room curries, pudding, pick- has been recognised for her joined the programme, room trainer and producer he too lacked knowledge lagers started mushroom capital city of Patna, mush-
les and snacks are becoming mushroom production not received training and began has spread far and wide. about mushroom farming. farming with him and rooms are now easily avail-
favourites on many people’s only in the Vaishali district cultivating mushrooms in a Those who once opposed Then, in 2012, he met Dr. women actively participated. able in the vegetable markets
palates. Along with this grow- @B9I1>;1 B07D but across the State. She cul- room of her house. Despite her, including her in-laws, Daya Ram, a professor at Dr. Lakshmi Devi, another along the roadsides in cities
ing culinary trend, mush- tivates mushrooms herself facing disapproval and oppo- now take pride in her deter- Rajendra Prasad Central farmer from the same village, like Hajipur, Samastipur and
room farming is expanding The Bihar Government is and also trains nearby farm- sition from her in-laws, mination and passion. Like Agricultural University, Pusa. shared how Lal Bahadur’s Muzaffarpur. As the mush-
swiftly across various States in providing up to a 50 per cent ers in mushroom farming. Neelam remained steadfast Neelam, dozens of women After training with him in understanding of mushroom room market continues to
India, including Bihar. subsidy to farmers engaged in Manorama prepares mush- and determined to pursue her farmers in Muzaffarpur are mushroom farming, Lal farming opened a new avenue grow, so does its demand.
According to National mushroom cultivation, which room seeds and makes the goal. creating a new identity Bahadur began raising aware- for them in farming. “Before This increasing demand has
Horticulture Board data, is boosting production and necessary compost. Gradually, she began to through mushroom farming ness about mushroom culti- we knew about mushroom opened new doors for farm-
Bihar produced approximate- increasing farmers’ incomes. Mushroom farming has achieve success and earn sig- and earning substantial prof- vation among farmers in the farming, we would go to the ers, allowing them to benefit
ly 28,000 metric tonnes of Under the Integrated emerged as a powerful cata- nificant profits from mush- its annually. surrounding villages. city for labour work, but even from this trend. Not only are
mushrooms in 2021–22, Horticulture Mission scheme, lyst for financial indepen- room production. Today, she 45-year-old farmer Lal He explained that initially, then, it was difficult to make they gaining financially, but
accounting for 10.82 per cent these subsidies have also dence among many women. has become so proficient in Bahadur from Kothiya village due to a lack of proper infor- ends meet. Since we started these women farmers are also
of the total mushroom pro- raised farmers’ morale, lead- Neelam Devi, a 34-year-old this field that she is teaching in Kanti block, about 17 km mation, people did not sup- mushroom cultivation, our contributing to strengthening
duction in India. In the pre- ing to a surge of women farmer from Bandra block in 200 women how to cultivate from the Muzaffarpur district port him. They believed that household situation has Bihar’s economy.
vious year, the State pro- farmers entering the field. In Muzaffarpur district, was mushrooms, supporting them headquarters, believes that mushrooms were wild plants, improved.” (The author is a rural writer
duced a total of 23,000 met- many districts of Bihar, married off at a very young in their journey to become both women and men find known in the village as ‘gobar In recent years, the demand from Muzaffarpur, Bihar.
ric tonnes of mushrooms. women have established a age due to her family’s poor self-reliant. mushroom cultivation bene- chhata,’ some of which are for mushrooms has increased Charkha Features;
06 NEW DELHI, MONDAY 17 JUNE 2024 Vol. CXXXXXVIII 142
Incorporating and directly descended

Renewed Demands A MEMBER
OF THE
ASIAN VOICES
from THE FRIEND OF INDIA - Founded 1818
Even if Special Category status is awarded to Andhra and Bihar now, it is unlikely to solve
Monsoon Delay their problems. More than finances, the problem of the states is their capacity to utilise the Prepare for
earthquakes
I ndia is facing a potentially severe agricultural and
funds. Even now, almost a quarter of their budgetary allocation remains unutilised and had
humanitarian crisis due to the delayed arrival of the to be surrendered. Lack of institutional capacity continues to plague them, like many other
A
monsoon. This delay threatens to prolong an already magnitude 4.8 earthquake
oppressive heat wave in northern and central regions, im-
Indian states, and unless this aspect is addressed, additional funds would only lead to additional
struck near Buan, North Jeolla
pacting millions of lives and jeopardising critical crop cy- waste. Further, the flaws of the existing scheme need to be corrected Province, early Wednesday,
cles. As one of the world’s largest producers of rice, wheat, sending off alerts across the
and sugar, the stakes for India could not be higher. The nation and causing minor property
monsoon, often described as the lifeblood of India's near- damage. Although no injuries were
ly $3.5-trillion economy, is indispensable for agricultural reported, the strong quake highlighted
productivity. Typically, the monsoon begins in early June the need for tight, systematic prepara-
tions against tremor-related disasters.
in the southern regions and spreads nationwide by early
The temblor struck near the south-
July. This year, however, after a promising early arrival in western county at 8:26 a.m. at an es-
the western state of Maharashtra, the monsoon's advance timated depth of 8 kilometers, accord-
has stalled. This delay is not just a matter of inconven- ing to the Korea Meteorological Admi-
ience; it is a harbinger of potentially devastating consequ- nistration. Firefighter and Interior Min-
ences. In states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab, and istry officials said there were hundreds
Haryana, the impact is immediate and severe. These areas, of reports stemming from the tremors.
known for their extensive grain production, are experien- The quake was the most powerful
cing temperatures between 42 and 46 degrees Celsius, sig- one reported in South Korea and its su-
rrounding waters this year, the KMA
nificantly above normal. This heat wave, exacerbated by
said, adding that it marked the first ea-
the delayed rains, threatens not only the health and well- rthquake over magnitude 4 to strike
being of residents but also the viability of upcoming har- within an 80-km radius of where the
vests. Farmers in these regions rely heavily on timely mon- quake hit. It is also notable that the qu-
C
soon rains for irrigation, as nearly half of India’s farmland tus, or the time period within insurance, etc. However, in the henceforth, no special benefits ake occurred in the North Jeolla Pro-
lacks sufficient irrigation infrastructure. The repercussions handrababu Naidu and which this is to be achieved. The absence of market, infrastructu- were available under the Special vince, a region where no major tremors
of this delay extend beyond agriculture. Prolonged heat Nitish Kumar are both status once bestowed upon a re and local resources, these in- Category Status. have been reported in recent years. But
waves can lead to acute water shortages, affecting both indispensable to the state carries only rewards but no centives have hardly led to indu- However, it must be remem- experts have long warned that the
urban and rural populations. New Delhi, for instance, rec- NDA Government. They obligation on the part of the state. strialisation of these states. But bered that finance commission Korean Peninsula is not completely
have now revived their old dem- The status is also neutral to the because of these benefits, there grants till then were only non- safe from quakes, including such sup-
ently recorded its highest-ever temperature, a staggering ands of special category status for scale of backwardness and limit- have been persistent demands plan grants, while the special cat- posedly safe regions, and more safety
49.9 degrees Celsius, amid a severe water crisis. Such extr- their states with renewed vigour, ed only to the funding pattern, from Bihar, Rajasthan, Odisha egory states benefited mostly measures are needed.
eme conditions strain public health systems, increase en- which they had so passionately without any consideration of the and Andhra Pradesh and even from plan grants. The quantum Quakes of 4.5 magnitude or grea-
ergy demands for cooling, and exacerbate social inequ- demanded in the past. Andhra state’s capacity to utilise these Goa for this status. Such claims of finance commission grants did ter have only rarely been reported in
alities as vulnerable populations bear the brunt of the Pradesh was promised this status funds. The mechanism concerns had found favour in the era of not make much difference to Korea. In May last year, a 4.5 magnitu-
heat. Moreover, this situation underscores a broader, more on the floor of Parliament by no only the transfer of funds without coalition politics and wafer-thin their resources, while the de- de quake struck in waters off Donghae,
troubling trend: the increasing unpredictability and sever- less than the then Prime Minis- any accountability ~ certainly not majorities in Parliament. Initial- volution of taxes from the divisib- Gangwon Province. In February 2018,
ity of weather patterns due to climate change. Scientists ter Manmohan Singh when an ideal mechanism for uplift- ly around 70-80 per cent of the le pool was formula-based, in a quake of magnitude 4.6 struck in
have long warned that human-driven climate change will Telangana was carved out of it to ment and empowerment. plan transfers were covered un- which factors like population, waters off Pohang, North Gyeongsang
include two of its most prosper- It is not that the mechanism der the Gadgil formula. But with area, fiscal discipline or tax effort Province. In November 2017, a tem-
lead to more frequent and intense heat waves, altered
ous districts ~ Hyderabad and failed to deliver altogether. While the gradual unchecked prolifer- mostly went against them. These blor of 5.4 struck near Pohang, mark-
rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events. The cur- Ranga Reddy. These districts some of the special category sta- ation of CSS and appropriation states benefited primarily from
rent monsoon delay and associated heat wave are stark earned the bulk of revenues for tes gradually developed the nece- of most plan resources by them the plan grants, though they re-
reminders of these warnings becoming reality. the undivided state. Nitish Kumar ssary capacity over time and co- through direct off-budget transf- ceived some non-plan grants for
India’s predicament is a call to action on multiple has raised this demand time and uld use the Central resources to ers, the Gadgil transfers progres- bridging their revenue deficits, ing the second strongest earthquake in
fronts. First, there is an urgent need for investment in agri- again and has even prepared a their advantage, others could not sively went on shrinking till they which still continues. But the decades. President Yoon Suk Yeol,
cultural infrastructure, particularly in expanding irrigation special paper on this, highlight- do so for various reasons, inc- shrank to the point of insignific- non-plan grants have been rather while on a state visit to Kazakhstan,
facilities to reduce dependence on monsoon rains. Sec- ing why Bihar absolutely needed luding protracted militant ins- ance, to only 9 per cent of the insignificant compared to the asked the government to conduct a
ondly, public health systems must be bolstered to better this status to address its back- urgency and political instability total plan transfers. It was a dou- plan grants. To evaluate whether swift damage assessment and safety
respond to heat-related illnesses and water scarcity. Third- wardness. combined with ble whammy for the special category status is still check for the earthquake near Buan,
ly, it is imperative that India, along with the global com- Eleven economically back- misgovernance. the special catego- active we have to consider two after being briefed about the incident,
ward hill states of India, including The unabated flow ry states, for while things ~ whether there has been a the presidential office said Wednesday.
munity, intensifies efforts to combat climate change by eight North-eastern states and of funds, unlinked their number had curtailment of resources of these Also on Wednesday, Prime Minis-
reducing greenhouse gas emissions and implementing sus- the three Himalayan states to any performance proliferated from states and whether they have ter Han Duck-soon instructed the Inte-
tainable practices. In the short term, immediate measures including J&K, now an UT, Utta- expectations, pro- three in 1969 to 11 managed to retain their relative rior Ministry to take thorough meas-
are necessary to support affected farmers and communi- rakhand and Himachal Pradesh, duced an overwhe- in 2001, their share advantages vis-à-vis other states. ures and manage the overall situation
ties. This includes financial assistance, access to water comprised the group of “Special lming dependence of 30 per cent of As I have shown elsewhere, the in the wake of the quake. Han called
resources, and emergency health services. However, these Category States”. These states, on the Centre and the total plan as- reality is that the benefits enjoyed on public officials to provide safety
are stopgap solutions. The long-term strategy must focus created at different points of time led to compla- sistance had not by these states remain well pro- guidelines to the public in high-risk
on building resilience against climate variability and safe- in the history of independent cence, an attitude increased. It wors- tected. areas regarding aftershocks, while ask-
guarding the livelihoods of millions who depend on pre- India, suffered from many dra- that culminated in ened their resour- Even if this status is award- ing related ministries to check power
wbacks arising from their just seeking more GOVIND ce position sub- ed to Andhra and Bihar now, it is and communication networks.
dictable weather patterns. As we navigate these challenges, BHATTACHARJEE
unlikely to solve their problems.
remoteness and geographical iso- and more funds stantially. Direct Yoon and Han placed timely ins-
it is crucial to recognise that our actions today will shape lation, lack of resources, capital from the Centre as The writer is a commentator, transfers were ab- More than finances, the probl- tructions to follow up on the rare qu-
the climate and living conditions of tomorrow. and infrastructure, economic a magic solution to academic and author of the
book Special Category States olished in 2013–14. em of the states is their capacity ake, but some fundamental issues re-
backwardness being their only any problem faced of India, Oxford University In 2013, CSS were to utilise the funds. Even now, main unresolved. Fast postquake mea-
Press, 2016
inheritance from the past. The by these states. also restructured almost a quarter of their budget- sures led by the government are of cou-
Challenges in SA Centre sought to address this
asymmetry, partly through Cons-
During the into six “core of
Planning era, the Central plan the core” schemes and 22 “core”
ary allocations remain unutilis-
ed and had to be surrendered.
rse needed to minimize damage and
help those injured. But Korea, hit by
T he recent political shift in South Africa is nothing

short of historic. The African National Congress
(ANC) and the Democratic Alliance (DA) forming a
government of national unity marks a profound change in
titutional provisions under
Schedules V and VI, and partly
through the mechanism of awar-
ding them ‘special category sta-
tus’ which was designed to solve
assistance was provided to the schemes, which have since been
states under the Gadgil formula. proliferating. In the budget for
Under this, 30 per cent of the 2015-16, the NCA was abolished,
total plan assistance was ear- and with effect from 2017-18,
marked for the special category the distinction between plan
Lack of institutional capacity
continues to plague them, like
many other Indian states, and
unless this aspect is addressed,
additional funds would only
fewer and relatively weaker quakes co-
mpared with other neighboring coun-
tries, especially Japan, is known to be
ill-prepared for massive earthquakes.
According to data from the People
the nation’s political landscape. This collaboration betwe-
the problems of their economic states which were then divided and non-plan expenditure itself lead to additional waste. Further Power Party early last year, only 13.4
en two former antagonists, one rooted in the struggle agai- backwardness by giving them lib- among them. This kitty of 30 per was removed, making the Gadg- the flaws of the existing scheme percent of buildings and houses across
nst apartheid and the other perceived as a pro-business eral access to Central funds. This cent remained constant even il formula a thing of the past. need to be corrected, like the ab- the nation have earthquake-resistant
advocate, signals a new chapter in South African democra- was rather an unimaginative though the number of such states Questions have since been sence of any accountability and designs. Under the current law, build-
cy. The ANC’s loss of parliamentary majority in the May 29 solution that relied solely upon went up from three in 1969 to 11 raised about its fallout on some monitoring mechanism or any ings whose features meet certain stan-
election and its subsequent alliance with the DA is a testa- the use of funds, ignoring the in 2001. Thirty per cent of the of the earlier federal fiscal ar- performance expectation from dards must be built with mandatory
ment to the evolving political dynamics in South Africa. inherent structural weaknesses Centre’s gross budgetary support rangements inherited from the the states in a time bound man- seismic-resistant design, but the regu-
For decades, the ANC’s dominance seemed unassailable, and capacity constraints of these for plan expenditure went to the planning days like plan transfers ner. Further, given the emphasis lation has not been strictly enforced.
as a symbol of the post-apartheid era. However, unresolved states. Like many of our national special category states on the to states including the special that is increasingly being placed Alarmed by more quakes in neigh-
problems such as poverty, inequality, corruption, and policies regarding backward basis of 90 per cent grants and 10 category ones. upon good governance, ac- boring countries, the Korean government
areas, this too was an ad-hoc per cent loans. The 12th Finance The Fourteenth Finance Co- countability and transparency, belatedly recognized the potentially mas-
infrastructural decay have eroded its support base, prom- solution, applied without insight Commission recommendations mmission report submitted in equity and efficiency, the purp- sive danger of powerful earthquakes.
pting voters to seek alternatives. The DA’s inclusion in the into the nature of their problems. made the Centre give only grants, December 2014 did not make any ose of development is likely to In January this year, for instance,
national government is noteworthy. Historically viewed by States were accorded this and left it to the states to raise specific recommendations for be served better if the status is the government said it would boost the
many as the party of the privileged white minority, the DA status by the National Develop- loans from the market as and them. The report gives an im- reviewed periodically and a targ- ratio of public facilities with earth-
has struggled to shake off this perception despite its efforts ment Council based on Planning when they needed. The 90 per pression that the special category et-based, time-bound approach quake-proof features to 87 percent
to present a broader, more inclusive platform. Its emphasis Commission recommendations cent grants plus 10 per cent loans status has de facto been abo- is adopted for assistance. Suit- from the current 76.5 percent and ulti-
on free-market policies and good governance is attractive on fulfilling an arbitrarily defined formula for special-category lished. “After the 14th Finance able incentives for better perfor- mately raise the ratio to 100 percent by
to investors and those frustrated by the ANC’s economic set of criteria that included: (1) states is now restricted only to Commission recommendations, mance and disincentives for 2035, a measure announced after a
mismanagement. Yet, convincing a diverse electorate that hilly and difficult terrain, (2) low centrally-sponsored schemes the era of special category status sub-optimal performance sho- fatal temblor hit Japan on the first day
population density and/or size- (CSS) to states has ended,” then Finan- uld also be built into the system of 2024. The Interior Ministry then said
it represents their aspirations remains a challenge. This
able share of tribal population, (3) As further incentives to at- ce Minister Arun Jaitley had said for it to work efficiently. A targ- it would provide administrative incen-
coalition is a bold experiment in bridging South Africa’s strategic location along borders tract industries, excise duty con- in 2015 in response to persistent et-oriented formula-based tives when owners of private buildings
deep-seated racial and economic divides. DA leader John with neighbouring countries, (4) cessions are provided to compa- demands of Nitish Kumar for approach for assistance instils want to reinforce their property to bet-
Steenhuisen’s declaration that his party will co-govern in a economic and infrastructural nies for setting up new industri- Bihar’s special category status, “I accountability, improves per- ter withstand earthquakes.
spirit of unity and collaboration reflects a desire to move backwardness, and (5) non-viable al units within these states, be- don’t want to go into history. The formance, removes complacen- The Seoul Metropolitan Govern-
beyond historical antagonisms. The success of this gov- nature of state finances. Once the sides income tax holidays for 10 14th Finance Commission is a cy and helps a state move rapid- ment also announced in January it
ernment will hinge on its ability to foster genuine coopera- status is awarded, the specific years for setting up new indus- constitutional body. The state ly forward. It also makes the would complete seismic reinforcement
tion and deliver tangible improvements in the lives of ordi- assistance pattern follows to the tries, extendable further for five would get what has been recom- field more level for all players, of all public buildings by 2030 in
nary South Africans. President Cyril Ramaphosa’s expected state in perpetuity. There is no years upon expansion. They also mended for it. And, we are also with open entry and exit to the response to growing public concerns
re-election, supported by this new coalition, offers hope for stipulation as to what was intend- get certain subsidies on capital giving additional money to special status for all states in about the nation’s poor earthquake
ed to be achieved by such a sta- investment, transport, interest, Bihar,” giving an impression that need of assistance. preparedness.
stability and reform. Mr Ramaphosa, a seasoned politician
with a pragmatic approach, has the potential to harness
this unprecedented alliance to drive much-needed LETTERS TO THE EDITOR editor@thestatesman.com
changes. His administration must now prioritise econom-
ic recovery, job creation, and infrastructure development
while maintaining fiscal responsibility. The inclusion of Patnaiks loss it had gained in the previous elec-
tion.
MARKET REBOUND
the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) and the Patriotic Alliance SIR, This is with reference to the Despite Patnaik's wide- SIR, Apropos today's report "Market surge led by heavy weights," in The Statesman, after riding a
adds another layer of complexity to this unity government. editorial “Political Shift” (13 spread appeal and the effective- roller-coaster for a week, the Indian stock market seems to have found firm footing. When the BJP’s
The IFP’s Zulu base and the Patriotic Alliance’s support June). If we are talking about the ness of his social programmes, campaign ended way below the much-touted ‘400 paar’ target, forcing the party to quickly sew up a
vote share, we can see the down- the BJD's perceived successor, coalition government, the stock indices went on a downward spiral.
from the coloured community provide a more representa-
fall of the vote percentage of BJD V.K. Pandian, an ex-IAS official Stability, probably the most comforting factor for stock markets, spurred the indices to a new
tive coalition, potentially smoothing over some of the fric- in Lok Sabha in respect of the from Tamil Nadu who left the peak. Stock analysts are exuding confidence that ministers will hit the ground running without dis-
tions between the ANC and DA bases. This inclusive Assembly election. An intriguing service in November 2023, turbing the status quo, and continue with their reform agenda without any tinkering. Many believe
approach could help mitigate fears and foster broader image is also painted by the vote appeared to be the weakest link that the first few months of the Modi 3.0 government will be crucial for several sectors, as they are like-
acceptance of the coalition’s legitimacy. percentages in connection to the in the party's armour. In addition ly to see a reiteration of the existing policy framework as well as new proposals.
However, challenges loom large. The coalition must number of seats obtained. Even to causing a stir in the political The market is now eagerly awaiting the 100-day action plan. The government has been drawing
navigate the treacherous waters of political compromise, though the BJD received 40.22 per community, Pandian's quick up an agenda in line with proposals announced ahead of the elections as well as Viksit Bharat. The
ensuring that policy differences do not lead to paralysis. cent of the vote in the Assembly ascent through the ranks of the market is waiting to analyse how the agenda would impact a number of sectors. Whatever be the
They must also address the grievances of the Economic compared to the BJP's 40.07 per party seemed to unnerve people change this time, a gradual reduction in retail inflation and faster growth will remain the two most
cent, it nevertheless lost by 27 of the State. It was observed that important triggers for the markets in the longer run.
Freedom Fighters and the uMkhonto we Sizwe, who feel
seats to the saffron party. With a an ailing Patnaik had progressive- Yours, etc., N Sadhasiva Reddy, Bengaluru, 13 June.
sidelined and have accused the election process of fraud. vote share of 45.34 per cent, the ly ceded territory, and subse-
Maintaining social cohesion and preventing further polit- BJP secured 20 seats in the Lok quently control of the party, to
ical fragmentation will be critical. This government of Sabha, while the BJD, with 37.53 Pandian, who was thought to be handed the BJP the justification electoral collapse was exacerbat- moted to prominent roles in
national unity offers a unique opportunity to reshape per cent, was unable to get any speaking for the Chief Minister. it needed to dispel his seeming ed by the absence of a reliable recent years were not allowed to
South Africa’s future. It embodies a hopeful vision of a seats. With a mere 12.52 per cent By remaining silent about invincibility: "Odia asmita" (Odia second-rung leader. As all deci- administer the party.
country where political adversaries can come together for of the vote, the Congress was able the increasing rumors that Pan- pride). In addition to Pandian's sions were handled by Patnaik, Yours, etc., Abhijit Chakraborty,
the common good. to hold onto the Koraput seat that dian would succeed him, Patnaik ascent within the BJD, the party's the few leaders who were pro- Bally, 13 June.
NEW DELHI, MONDAY 17 JUNE 2024 07
Children must be saved
100 YEARS AGO
OCCASIONAL NOTE
Old Calcutta ites are falling thick
as autumnal leaves. One of the latest
from online addictions

departures' to be chronicled is that of
Mr. D. F. Mackenzie who twenty years
ago was the resident head of the firm
of McNeill and Company. Mr Macken-
zie came out to Calcutta in the 'seven-
ties of last century, and retired from
India after putting in nearly thirty-five
years' service. He was a brother of Sir
Alexander Mackenzie, who became
RISHABH MISHRA Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal, and
their father was a Scottish dissenting
I
n today's technological era, our minister in Birmingham. Both broth-
system may boast about the ever- ers were strikingly handsome men,
increasing number of mobile and Donald, the younger, was pos-
phone owners, and claim that in sessed not only of the pawky humour
the 21st century we are providing which was his national birthright, but
everything at our fingertips. But per- of a mimetic power seldom seen off
haps by being engrossed in technolo- the stage. When Sir Surendranath
gy, we are forgetting that we are Banerjea and twenty seven other Indi-
destroying our heritage. ans resigned the Corporation as a
At the same time, children and protest against Sir A. Mackenzie's
youth are being misled. This is Municipal Bill, the Lieutenant-Gover-
because, at an age when they ought nor's brother headed a small group of
to be playing field games, listening to British merchants who joined the
stories of brave men and reading municipal body in order to keep it
books, our young children have fall- alive and did so.
en into the clutches of online games.
In today's materialistic era, parents
are short of time, due to which they LETTER TO THE EDITIOR
give mobile phones to children at an
age when they should have toys in
their hands. This is really unfortunate.
In fact, the increasing inclination
PATRIOTIC
of youth and children towards online
games is not just a problem for India.
PSYCHOLOGY
In the last few years, a different kind TO THE EDITOR OF THE STATESMAN.
of craze for this has developed SIR,--Your comments on the
among children all over the world. patriotism of Gopinath Saha betray a
This is now taking the form of addic- lack of appreciation of the true psy-
tion. Many studies show that this chology of the thing. Gopinath is a
addiction is having a negative impact patriot be-cause (1) he killed an Eng-
on the physical and mental health of this number is likely to increase to 55 easy prey to online game addiction; that children are becoming aggressive great harm. lishman; (2) he intended to kill an offi-
children. Despite this, the situation crore. From this it can be estimated thus it is the responsibility of parents, and violent by getting involved in There are some children who cial; (3) his attempt to escape arrest
in India is not hidden from us. In our that a large population of India is busy guardians and society to ensure this online games. Sometimes the game get addicted to the phone from was prompted by the noble desire that
country, even a two-year-old child is playing online games. does not happen. also pushes them towards depression. childhood. Many times parents also he might live to kill again; (4) he shot
given a mobile phone. And he grows At present, some estimates sug- It is noteworthy that the World Many have turned obese. In the past offer the lure of a mobile phone in the pursuit with the idea of ridding
up watching the mobile with great gest the online gaming market in the Health Organization has identified years, many children lost their lives in because they are busy, or some- the country of traitors and (5) his plea
interest. country is between Rs 7,000 to 10,000 addiction to playing online games India due to games like 'Blue Whale'. times only to feed a child. This soon of insanity, though false, was prompt-
It is noteworthy that in 2017, crore, and is expected to reach Rs (which has been named gaming dis- It is a worrying situation that online becomes an addiction and adverse- ed by the same noble desire of being
more than 130 children died in Russia 29,000 crore soon. According to a order) as a mental illness. According games are running rampant in our ly affects the child’s development. of further service. His patriotism is
due to online games. So far, about 100 FICCI report, an increase of 26 per to the WHO, online gaming can be as country without proper regulations. Children who are exposed to mobile hallowed by his subsequent conduct
children have embraced death in cent has been recorded in “transac- addictive as 'cocaine' and 'gambling'. When a child plays mobile and screens at an early age and who in court when he delivered his mes-
India. Children become so addicted tion-based” games. These figures This problem has become even more computer games continuously for spend more time on mobile devices sage from the dock. It must now be
to online games that they forget eating point to the magnitude of the situa- acute after the period of Covid-19. hours, it has serious side effects on his have a higher risk of developing conceded that the killing of English-
and drinking, and remain engaged in tion. During the Covid-19 period, chil- eyes and other body parts. Curbing behavioral problems like depression men generally and of officials in par-
them day and night. Their sleep is But our system does not seem to dren's participation in online gaming online games is the need of the hour and anxiety. It is time to pause and ticular is the highest form of patriot-
affected and they become irritable. be unduly bothered, nor do families increased by 41 per cent. Also, the and should be taken seriously. While reflect. ism. Gopinath therefore was a great
According to another source, cur- seem to care enough to see what chil- addiction to online games has been the ubiquitous mobile has become a patriot-certainly greater than Mr. C. R.
rently about thirty crore people play dren and young adults are doing on seen more among the children of critical and sometimes indispensable (The writer is Assistant Professor, Mechanical Das, who does not shoot with fire-
Engineering Department,
online games in India. And by 2028, their mobile phones. A child can fall nuclear families. It is also a bitter truth part of our lives, it has also caused Kanpur Institute of Technology.) arms and runs little risk. He shoots by
persuasion and gentle force, and his
victims have only themselves to thank
if they find themselves in jail.
ORTHODOX, Hindu
IT CAME TO MIND | MANISH NANDY june 7
Earnest life, fervent dreams THE SERAJGUNGE

RESOLUTION
A
gatha Christie mentioned company of my offspring, I would the most mundane of places, in very TO THE EDITOR OF THE STATESMAN.
one of the unusual advan- rather someone play Mozart’s Sym- prosaic circumstances. I see ordinary SIR,-Allow me to appeal through
tages of aging. She married phony 40 in G minor, that thrilling people doing extraordinary deeds, the medium of your paper in the name
an archeologist, Max Mal- and uplifting piece that I have always common men performing uncom- of humanity, to the Bengalee assistants
lowan, and said that the older she got loved, rather than something solemn mon duties, simple women in their (Hindus and Mahomedans) of the
“the more interested” he grew in her. I like Verdi’s requiem. simple rounds performing heroic, British mercantile firms of Bengal who
do not have a statistician as my When talking of a bucket list, I staggering tasks. Their stories are are neither Congressmen nor politi-
spouse, but the older I get the better find people talk of places they have what I want to hear, their history is cians, neither Extremists nor Moder-
gets to be the estimate of my remain- not visited. They speak of romantic what I want to know and talk about. ates, to come forward and protest very
ing days. places like Florence and Venice in Why do I need a list of new places strongly against the condemnable res-
The average Indian’s longevity is Italy or adventurous places like or new experiences? Every day is a day olution passed by the Serajgunge con-
70 years and that of an American is 80 Pamukkale and Capadoccia in of excitement, every path is a path of ference in a manner supporting the
years. Since I have lived roughly half Turkey. I might be a tad unromantic adventure, every encounter is an murder of Mr. Ernest Day.
my life in India and half in the US, one or deficient in a sense of adventure, encounter of endless drama and poten- I believe we, as a community,
may estimate my longevity to be 75. but these prospects would leave me tial, every experience is an experience have every right to express our atti-
You can increase it a little, given my apathetic in my waning days. Per- of myriad facets and million conse- tude-and who would not support the
place in the income scale, and haps I have traveled too much, seen quences. I can stand on a street corner European Association when it said
decrease it a little given the onslaught too many things. In my last hours if I and see a rainbow every day; I can sip that “the Swa-raj party and its respon-
of the pandemic. As I have gone past long to see anything it will be the coffee in a bistro and absorb the color- sible leaders have definitely issued an
that milestone, I feel like an illicit ten- familiar sights of the Lodi Gardens ful cavalcade of the human race. I can incitement to a campaign of murder
ant who is staying on without paying where I walked many a morning or be born every minute, live every sec- and anarchical measures for the
the rent. the trails of Virginia where I loved ond, soar beyond the limits of fantasy. attainment of their politica1 objects.”
No doubt the end point is near- running as the birds sang their No, I don’t need a bucket list. Like Is it not obvious that the attitude
ing. It is perhaps worth a thought or evening Retreat. I will be serenely everybody else, I want to go in good expressed by the Bengal Provincial
two about what I should do with the content to revisit familiar grounds, shape and in good mind, in fair calm Congress is purely hostile, inasmuch
scant allowance left to me. Illustration by: Debabrata Chakrabarty touch familiar trees and plants, per- and high spirit, watching the day’s light as it is prejudicial to the religious sen-
A friend suggested that I might haps see a few familiar faces. fade slowly, my strength ebb gently, my timents of the Bengalees?
compile the things I would like to do its shiny ripples would, as Johnson fundity as they listen, sad and solemn, Also in people’s bucket list is a stray thoughts cease flapping its wings Let the Bengal Congressmen wor-
but hadn’t done yet. It conjures the said, ‘concentrate my mind.’ I do not to my whizzing. It is likelier that my longing to gather experiences they and land quietly, peacefully, content- ship the “heroes” of Sankaritolla and
idea of making what has the uncouth have a longing to see the fjords of daughters would be stuck in traffic have missed. Like a parachute jump edly on the winding of a life that cared Day murder fame. WE will not, we can-
name of a ‘bucket list.’ Derived prob- Norway or soar in the hot-air balloon coming from their downtown office from a plane or a bungee jump from a for old friends, dared for new ideas, not have any sympathy with a murder-
ably from the ugly phrase ‘to kick the festival fifty miles from my town. I am and their children, quite appropriate- bridge. Going up a mountain, like the hoped for brighter days, shunned all er and a coward, and in the name of
bucket’ for dying, it is an inventory of quite content to have seen the pyra- ly, prefer to gambol in a park than Annapurna circuit or hopping into a unkind takes, loved all loving creatures, humanity and religion, Gopinath can-
things to do before one’s end. mids and the Libyan desert. near grandpa’s dismal bed. lake, like the Baikal in southern cherished men and women who not have any place in our peaceful and
Frankly, I couldn’t find in my If I think of the last minutes, I I would prefer my daughters and Siberia. I can’t say I have swum the crossed its byways and enhanced every innocent community, although we pity
mind anything I have long craved to imagine a scene – doubtless prompt- their daughters too to have fun rather English Channel or taken the SpaceX one of its fervent dreams. his poor soul.
do. If I were allowed 15 minutes ed by a myriad of sentimental Holly- than assemble for a gloomy event, just rocket to spaces beyond our sight, but A leading extremist paper in its
before my execution, I would proba- wood movies - of lying in bed sur- the kind of choice I have always made. I don’t feel any craving for out-of-the- (The writer is a US-based international leader said “Hero-worship is ingrained
development advisor and had worked with
bly just ask to take a walk around the rounded by my daughters and their If I were in bed, about to breathe my world experiences. I encounter stun- the World Bank. He can be reached at in the Bengalee, who is, if anything,
lake near my home. I think a look at children, muttering some inane pro- last, with or without the enlivening ning experiences every other day in mnandy@gmail.com) emotional.” Quite so, but the question
is if any sane man may rightly call
Gopinath a hero. Inferences have been
drawn pointing to an admiration for
CROSSWORD NO-292813 Kanai Dutt the revolutionary, who
murdered Noren Gosain the approver
1 2 3 4 5
ACROSS 14 Surveillance job 26 Near neighbour of 4 Linklaters content to 17 Suddenly gets angry, in cold blood. May I inquire if the
with second coffee Douglass, about to respond cheekily obscure fish appearing admiration was for the murder of
6 7 8 option provides get some 6A (5) (4,4) in reverse
YESTERDAY'S SOLUTION 6 Novelist introducing clue to theme (5-3) 27 Russian city cloaked in
Noren Gosain or for something else?
5 Win audience with (8)
last letters from 16 Free guitarist? Being returning thick smog small number that we 19 Male or female Lydians Will his so-called admirers give me a
9 10 11 HOP S CO T CH P RO O F Fanny Brawne in Time given one for (4) hear might be Grecian reimagined by poet clear answer to my query?
I R O R O O N O Out (4-3) nothing gets rude 28 John recited with (4) (7) It is simply atrocious to keep our-
T H E RM A L L I GA T OR 7 Mad? As mad as rejection (4-3) some force, thats 20 Making new sort of
C C P D Y O A C Fanny, perhaps (5) 18 Stick, ultimately clear (5)
6 Spurs game I must selves aloof any longer, and we must
12 13 14 15 punk, met Shaggy! (7)
HOU S EG U E S T E P E E 9 Clues note Psyche and one used in 29 Playwright unknown
lampoon, ironically at
22 Post from one we love come forward to show that we are a
first
R N C E C F suchlike, for starters running slope in China? (7)
(7) (5) community, which when properly
16 17 18 19
R E S I DU E E A R A C H E (4) (3,4) 23 Heads are those of formed and I believe we have a right
8 Setter blocked in by
E O I A R E 10 Bit of magic from 21 Deny struggling with DOWN Cupid and Psyche, to ask the European Association to
H I R S U T E L I N S E E D bus before lunchtime,
20 outside right, said Melancholy and inscribed To Apollo
E M R I K S Mark Wright (5) Indolence initially, 1 Fans missing dark cycling in Romanian (6) help us in this important matter) will
21 22 23
A P E D C ROP C I RC L E 11 Writers putting performing as a beer drinks (4) city (5) 25 Part of 16 needing represent an important class which
R T R A S N E M Nightingale in Berkeley handsome youth (8) 2 Poet briefly working 13 Retract Nancys some bottle and cannot be ignored.
S CHMA L T Z Y GUN GE Square originally (4) 23 Chain or whip, when as comedian (6) article, for instance cheek! (4)
24 25 26 27
12 13 week period of not extremely penal 3 Good person briefly (5) Let us make our employers, with
E E C I N U D R 27 Bits of old verse
D E RR Y C A COP HO N Y not quite mutual (6) supporting a Lake 15 Former postman, one periodically appearing whom we associate 365 days of the
admiration finally 24 Was happy with new Poets most lofty now living abroad as part of todays year, understand that we are heart and
28 29 shattered (6) pen? (4) expression (7) (5) theme (4) soul with them, and poor although we
might be, we are rich enough in the
NOTE: Figures in parentheses denote the number of letters in the words required. (By arrangement with The Independent, London) possession of a grateful heart.
-Yours, etc.,
12 MONDAY, 17 JUNE 2024
AHMEDABAD VIEWS LIVEMINT.COM
OUR VIEW MY VIEW | THE INTERSECTION

PTI
The country requires 20 million

new jobs to be created each year
This asking rate may sound daunting but it’s both necessary and possible to achieve with reforms
power this quest. High growth is a and 1920s, respectively. Today, we must
necessary condition, but it needs to debunk the argument that Indians can
be supplemented with a concerted directly jump from agriculture to servi-
programme to boost employment ces, skipping manufacturing. I’m sure
generation. So what can be done? there will be millions of people who will
Before we get there, it’s important to make such a jump, as can be seen from
disabuse ourselves of the notion that the number of people from villages and
government jobs and military recruit- small towns who work in service indus-
ment should be employment genera- tries. But if we have to provide for hun-
NITIN PAI tion schemes. Yes, there are a huge dreds of millions of livelihoods, it can-
is co-founder and director of The number of unfilled vacancies in the not be done without large-scale manu-
Takshashila Institution, an independent Union and various state governments, facturing. A job-hungry India-sized
centre for research and education in public and these should be filled to capacity. player can transform global economics,
policy. Beyond that, they will constitute an just as China did over the past three dec-
Fix GST flaws to make it

unwarranted drain on the economy. ades or so. To believe otherwise is either
Similarly, there is a case to reform the escapism or defeatism.
A
number of analysts attribute the Agnipath scheme so that personnel can Third, get more women into the
Bharatiya Janata Party’s (BJP) move laterally into security forces, but it workforce. Across income levels, every
underperformance in the gen- is dangerous to view the exercise from employed woman creates at least one
a ‘good and simple tax’ eral election to voter unhappiness with

the Narendra Modi government over
unemployment, job reservations and
farmer livelihoods. The Agnipath
the lens of an employment programme.
Here are some ideas on how we can
achieve a quantum jump in employ-
ment across the country.
other job. Female workforce participa-
tion has been declining and it is still
unclear why this is so and how it can be
addressed. Deeply entrenched social
scheme of military recruitment came in First, create new well-planned, sus- mores might have something to do with
for criticism during the election cam- tainable cities. There are many good it, at least to some extent. These will be
India’s goods and services tax needs a reboot on which the Centre and states must arrive at paign and many political commentators reasons why India needs new cities. hard to change directly. But we do know
expect that the new government will be Existing cities are highly congested and what we can do to make it easier for
a consensus. We should simplify and broaden GST for this reform to serve the economy better compelled to make changes to it. We their growth comes at the cost of quality women to work from home or at work-
should view interpretations of election of life and the environment. New cities places. Toilets, public transport, safety,
results with some scepticism, but it does can be green cities, with everything street lights, home appliances, child
appear that the issue of inadequate from layout, building materials, natural care facilities and anti-harassment poli-
T
hat cooperative federalism has be in a standard bracket at a rate that assures employment opportunities has bubbled resources and public services designed cies are low-hanging fruit that will show
been in need of rescue, given the the exchequer revenue sufficiency, with only up to the surface of our political ocean. to emit lower carbon than if existing results at the margin. The government
India’s growing economy is creating cities were to grow. I have previously has instruments and the mandate to
shape of Indian politics, is all the one slab above it and another one below for livelihoods and employment, but not argued that India can create new cities push each one of these levers.
more reason for India to put the exceptional items to be overtaxed or relieved fast enough. We need to create 20 mil- by building new state capitals, shifting Fourth, champion globalization. Free
economy first. Doing so can act as a policy call. The key is to institute a system lion jobs every year (to cater to the 12 military stations, founding new univer- trade and movement of people is crucial
as a political unifier, as seen in the whose rationale is so clear, it’s hard for hidden million young people entering the sities and innovation campuses. Con- for India’s development agenda. The
run-up to GST adoption back in 2017. The interests to distort. With our monthly GST workforce and to transition around 8 struction and infrastructure industries West can perhaps afford to retreat
million farmers languishing in rural can create millions of jobs—from behind tariff walls, but India cannot. Of
Centre and states must use this Saturday’s GST collections within sniffing range of ₹2 trillion, areas). This is the required run rate. unskilled to highly-skilled—at a scale course, reversing the de-globalization
Council meeting to tackle the task of fixing the although the interim budget for 2024-25 had a Even if our current run rate is 5 million few other sectors can. currently underway is a great task, but
flaws of this catch-all tax on goods and services. relatively modest projection, we have the fiscal a year, we are still falling short of the Second, attract large-scale manufac- great nations undertake great tasks.
For this, the Council needs an ambitious win- space to rid this levy of its complexity and go target. To put this in perspective, India turing. Yes, it’s still possible in the age of These are some examples of the kind
win agenda. While GST was promoted on the for simplified stability. must create more jobs per year than the robotics and artificial intelligence. We of thinking we need to address the jobs
entire population of the Netherlands, have spent more than a century telling challenge. So far, growth, migration and
slogan of “One nation, one tax,” with invest- While GST slabs need a reset, we must also Sri Lanka or Taiwan. It’s a scary num- ourselves that India cannot do indus- democracy have helped India avoid the
ment invited to a unified market forged by it widen its coverage to include fuel, liquor and ber. Yet, India cannot become Viksit tries and big manufacturing. A look at kind of social unrest that accompanies
for business taxpayers, the overall economic other stuff left out for later consideration. Since Bharat without pulling off such an India’s economic history shows how widespread unemployment. There are
promise of this reform was far larger. To recap, states with heavy local levies on these items unprecedented feat. Mahadev Govind Ranade and B.R. limits to these buffers and it is best that
it was expected to simplify indirect taxation, had feared it would hollow out their coffers, a Economic growth is the fundamen- Ambedkar debunked the naysayers and we don’t take them for granted. The
tal engine—the only engine—that can called for industrialization in the 1890s government has its job cut out.
crush the scope for tax favours, end a tax-on- consensus on this is a challenge. But a case for it
tax cascade by allowing input tax credits, can and should be made. Petroleum products
nudge businesses to claim these by going remain particularly overtaxed, with a high
formal, and enlarge the collection base. In its domestic burden depriving users of a global
most subtle but enduring impact, by relieving moderation in oil prices caused by America’s
value chains of a tax pile-up at every link, it was rise as a producer over the past decade or so. For
meant to usher in lower costs on the back of GST to play a more extensive role in reducing www.livemint.com
New Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Kolkata, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Chandigarh*, Pune* Tuesday, June 17, 2014 Vol.8 No.143 `4.00 in Delhi-NCR/`5.00 outside Delhi-NCR 24 PAGES
higher efficiency brought about by greater our cost base and making the economy more CORPORATE:The challenges
before Vishal Sikka >7
MARKETS: Irda allows insurers to deal in
interest rate derivatives >6
‘gig’ specialization across the economy. All competitive, fuel should be treated like any CONTENT PARTNER
MANAGEMENT: Questions hang over
Bengal jute mill violence >7
VIEWS: The US’s holiday from history >23
this, more than its uniformity, explains why other item, not as something easily squeezed SENSEX 25,190.48 æ 37.69
Snack makers
NIFTY 7,533.55 æ 8.55
POLITICAL FACTOR
DOLLAR `60.17 Æ `0.40 EURO `81.41 Æ `0.52
Government
GOLD `27,650 Æ `325 OIL $112.78 Æ $0.32
QUICK EDIT
In a country well governed,
look for a boost
Inflation and Iraq overhaul
panel calls for Slipping on
poverty is something
from late-night
GST was hailed as a bold move. It was pro- for revenue because its demand is somewhat World Cup games
B Y S UNEERA T ANDON
S APNA A GARWAL
····························
NEW DELHI/MUMBAI
loom over markets
tax regime
of
B Y R EMYA N AIR
remya.n@livemint.com
oil
T he growing risk that
Iraq may descend into
civil war has roiled the glo-
bal oil markets.
Rising energy prices
F
economy, at least on paper, and that’s what price inelastic. To allay the anxiety of states over
ootball fan Toshik Anand’s ···························· combined with the possi-
refrigerator is well stocked NEW DELHI bility of a bad harvest in
to be ashamed of.
Rupee breaches 60 per
with cans of beer and frozen
snacks like sausages and potato
wedges.
dollar level; finance CLOUD OF UNCERTAINTY T he tax administration and
reforms commission head-
ed by economist Parthasarathi
case of a poor monsoon
complicate matters for the
new Indian government.
The 30-year-old employee of minister says govt Wholesale price inflation accelerated in May at the quickest pace since December, Shome has called for a sweep- Such a combination has
a technology startup has also tracking currency’s unnerving investors who had been encouraged by positive data last week. A sharp ing overhaul of the country’s usually spelt bad news for
stocked up generously on potato tax administration to make it inflation, budgetary bal-
chips, other small eats and bev- movement closely escalation in internal strife in Iraq, which could cause crude oil prices to rise further,
and expectations of a below-normal monsoon have also injected a renewed sense more friendly to both taxpayers ances and the current ac-
made its initial hiccups bearable. lost inflows, they could possibly be offered a
erages to share with friends who of uncertainty in the economy. The S&P BSE Sensex edged down 0.15% to and investors. count deficit.
are watching at his bachelor’s B Y A SIT R ANJAN M ISHRA 25,190.48 points at the close of trading, while the rupee breached the 60 per dollar The panel has recommended However, there is no
apartment late-night telecasts of asit.r@livemint.com level to end at 60.17, the lowest level since 6 May. large-scale structural changes need to panic right now.
the month-long 2014 Fifa World ························· and greater coordination in the The price of a barrel of the
In a country badly governed,

Cup that started on 12 June. NEW DELHI
functioning of both the direct benchmark crude is still
W
“Since most of the crucial holesale price infla- WHOLESALE PRICE INDEX (WPI) CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (CPI) and indirect tax arms of the within the range it has
matches are being played at tion accelerated in INFLATION Percentage change
INFLATION Percentage change government—the Central traded at since April 2011.
midnight, one has to watch May at the quickest year-on-year year-on-year Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) It is also below the level it
19 14
them at home,” said Anand. pace since December, led by and Central Board of Excise hit during the most turbu-
Although India’s GST subsumed a bundle bigger share of the divisible pool of taxes. Or a
For the month-long duration an increase in food and fuel WPI (Food) and Customs (CBEC). lent months of the Arab
of the World Cup being played prices, unnerving investors 10.67 CPI (Food) The report, submitted last Spring. Brent crude had hit
in Brazil, midnight snacking at heartened by a raft of encour- 6.08 month to finance minister a record $143 a barrel on
home will be a way of life for aging macroeconomic indica- 9.5 9.4 Arun Jaitley and made public 11 July 2008. Iraq sits on
football afficionados like Anand tors last week. on Monday, proposed a com- the fifth-largest oil reserves
and his friends, promising a A sharp escalation in inter- plete revamp of the dispute in the world but its output
wealth is something to
mini boost to the sales of pack- nal strife in Iraq, which could resolution mechanism, widen- has only recently recovered
aged food and beverage makers. cause crude oil prices to rise CPI ing the use of the permanent after the steep drop follow-
The eight-hour, 30-minute further, and expectations of a 9.39 account number or PAN and ing the US-led invasion.
WPI
of local taxes, it was hobbled in its role as ‘the GST split that’s more than half. A parallel plan
time difference be- below-normal monsoon have 8.28 spending 10% of the tax depart- The recent events in Iraq
4.77 6.01
tween Brazil and also injected a renewed sense 3 7 ment’s budget to improve tax- are a reminder of how In-
India means of uncertainty in the economy. April 2013 May 2014 April 2013 May 2014 payer services. dian economic stability is
the matches To be sure, it is too early to It called for the abolition of often at risk because of the
are being posit that the rebound in the post of revenue secretary, volatility in global oil pric-
telecast live Wholesale Price Index-based SENSEX R/$ (Inverse scale) setting up of a tax council to es. Energy security remains
in India ((WPI-based) inflation and the develop a common tax policy a distant dream.
26,000 25,190.48 58
be- strife in Iraq, India’s second and legislation for both direct
16 Jun
be ashamed of.
tween largest oil supplier, are set- and indirect taxes and merit-
great simplifier’ by its multiplicity of rate to phase out cesses—which states cannot
9.30pm backs sufficient to reverse the 60.17 based promotions of officials in
and 3am—long after the closing recent turnaround in senti- 16 Jun the tax administration.
INSIDE
time for bars and eateries—so ment. Shome, a tax expert who also
fans are eating and drinking at
home while watching the
Still, on Monday, the S&P
BSE Sensex edged down 0.15%
24,121.74
16 May 2014
headed a panel that constitut-
ed guidelines for general anti-
Modi in Bhutan
world’s most popular spectator
sport.
Chains stores such Godrej
to 25,190.48 points at the close
of trading on the Bombay Stock
59
58.78
16 May 2014
avoidance rules (Gaar), was
last year given the task of head-
ing the commission to stream-
I ndia is committed to be-
ing a good neighbour
and a change in govern-
Nature’s Basket and 24/7 are TURN TO BACK PAGE ® line the country’s tax adminis- ment will not alter the dy-
brackets. Granted, the global ideal of a single access—could sweeten such a bargain. Of
running promotions to take ad- tration. namics of its ties with
vantage of the rising in-house ALSO SEE It remains to be seen if the Bhutan, Narendra Modi
consumption, which comes at a Bharatiya Janata Party-led Na- said on Monday. Modi ar-
time when packaged consumer >US, Iran hint at Iraq talks 60 tional Democratic Alliance rived on Sunday on his
goods makers are waiting for an as rebels seize new city >P3 24,000
(NDA), which came to power in first foreign trip after tak-
>Mark To Market: Problem of stickiness of
economic rebound to perk up inflation in manufactured products >P14 ing charge last month. >P4
sales growth. Source: Central Statistics Office, department of industrial policy and promotion, BSE, Bloomberg TURN TO PAGE 2®
AHMED RAZA KHAN/MINT
Two years of sub-5% econom-
ic growth have caused individu-
rate is way too regressive for a country where course, a pitfall to avoid would be a pledge of
als and households to cut back
on discretionary spending, but IMPARTING DIGNITY
the formation of a majority gov-
Toilets at home will not stop rapes, but can reduce risks
CON F U C I US
ernment after the April-May
general election and the prom-
ise of economic reforms have
sparked hope that consumer PRADEEP GAUR/MINT
sentiment will improve. B Y N AMITA B HANDARE
mint SERIES-I of toilets or the clothes women
levies must be borne mostly by the better-off, compensation based on dicey assumptions of
“In general, there has been a feedback@livemint.com wear or where they go or who
lull in the last few months and ························· they meet. Rape is caused by
this is the first big occasion fol- NEW DELHI
doing what every other woman men who rape.
lowing the positive turn in senti-
ments. We are upbeat,” said
Mohit Khattar, managing direc-
U nder cover of a hot night
in May in Uttar Pradesh’s
Badaun district, two teenage
in the village does. Unlike the
others, they never returned.
The next morning, their raped
When women are forced to
seek out some measure of pri-
vacy in desolate spots late at
tor and chief executive officer at cousins stepped out to do what and brutalized bodies were night or early in the morning,
Godrej Nature’s Basket, an up- millions of girls and women do found strung up from a mango before people are up and
scale chain of food stores owned across the country. tree, like a perverse trophy for about, they become more vul-
but still, we should have three slabs at most— tax intake. All said, it’s time to act. GST hasn’t
by Mumbai-based Godrej ‘Answering the call of na- the entire village to see. The nerable to sexual assault. Hav-
Group. ture’ is a euphemism that im- Badaun incident led to nation- ing a toilet at home will not
Godrej Nature’s Basket is pro- plies some blessed, bucolic al outrage but even as the case stop rape unless men stop rap-
state where individuals act on is being investigated by the ing. But it will mitigate one of
TURN TO PAGE 2® free will when nature ‘calls’. Central Bureau of Investiga- the many risks women face. At
The reality is considerably tion (CBI) and monitored by The biggest impact: Lack of sanitation has special consequences for the very least it will afford
ALSO SEE more sordid. Across the coun- the Allahabad high court, re- women, not just in terms of assault, but also in terms of their health. them a measure of necessary
try, in rural as well as urban ports of more rapes and mur-
>Messi makes his move >P10 India, millions of women and ders from Uttar Pradesh con- night to use the fields. A white remember.” They were found TURN TO PAGE 2®
with every taxable item slotted in a way that lived up to its potential so far and its guardians
>Mexico unlikely to be overawed by World girls either wake up well before tinue to make headlines. car with five men inside pulled the next day at Bhatinda rail-
Cup favourites Brazil >P10
dawn or wait until late at night In Haryana’s Bhagana vil- up alongside. “They put a way station, 170km away. A ALSO SEE
to use the open fields that lage, four Dalit girls aged from piece of cloth on our mouths,” subsequent medical examina-
Mint is also available for R8 with function as their toilet. 13 to 18 had stepped out, like says the 18-year-old. “We lost tion confirmed rape. >Toilets without flushes >P19
Hindustan Times in Delhi-NCR only In Badaun, the cousins were the Badaun cousins, late at consciousness and that is all I Rape is not caused by a lack >Separate toilets for women a must >P19
explains itself. The bulk of these items should must join hands to give it another go.
MY VIEW | MODERN TIMES
The quiet influencers: How the poor have shaped India

In past years, whenever the educated mid- meant for the poor, especially poor farmers, a typical middle-class person is a great bene- The price we pay for it is that India treats
MANU JOSEPH dle-class grew cynical of democracy, India’s as though India’s poor have no other profes- ficiary of poverty. India may appear to be a everyone as though they are poor. India, in
poor have shown their faith in it by turning sion. Satellites would save farmers from very competitive place because of the sheer plain sight, looks poorer than it really is. If
up to vote. They have forced governments at nature; the internet would tell farmers crop number of people who turn up for a seat, but you do not count airports. Some of our air-
all levels to be compassionate alms-givers. prices and mobile phones would save their the fact is that most Indians do not have a ports are so swanky, I am tempted to follow
And this year, the poor intervened again and children in emergencies. Eventually, digital chance at a fair shot. Their role is to make up foreign passengers who are visiting India for
W
as there ever a possibility that the diminished the might of the ruling party. But connectivity spread across the country the vast numbers and make the winners look the first time—just to see the shock on their
first thing Narendra Modi would this is only the obvious way in which the because of entertainment distinguished. face when they hit the actual town they came
do after taking office again as poor have shaped India. like music, films and porn, But look at what hap- to visit. India assumes that airports are for
Prime Minister was declare that his govern- India’s public character comes from its but the notion that even Almost every pened to the profile of the the rich and that they deserve spaces that are
ment would make air-conditioning a funda- poor. India is the way it is chiefly because of the poor want fun does not Indian cricket team when beautiful, while the rest of the nation need
mental right? It may not have moved most its poor. Almost every concrete and abstract seem to strike us. We are concrete and more Indians found the not pretend to be aesthetic.
Indians, even though it has been a scorching thing in India is influenced by the poor. shaped by the gravitas of nutrition, opportunity and There is not much street joy in our cities
summer. Most of India is hot most of the India’s elite in every field are deeply influ- poverty. Even when the
abstract thing equipment to train for this because the good life cannot just spill onto
is a journalist, novelist, and the

year, yet most offices and modes of public
transport are not air-conditioned. India is
enced, affected and shaped by the poor.
India’s poverty gives Indians a clear moral
poor try to tell us that not
everything about them is
in India is sport. The straight-bat
middle-class city boys who
the streets. To eat a large meal in public is
somehow vulgar. Any sign of affluence in
creator of the Netflix series,
‘Decoupled’
not protecting the environment; just that it
perceives air-conditioning a luxury, and its
direction. Every affluent Indian may or may
not have a moral compass, but certainly has
grave all the time, we are
unable to fully understand
influenced by could speak well at press
conferences have vanished.
plain sight is vulgar. That is why it is amusing
when upper-middle-class people condemn
unspoken policy is that Indians need not be one for India, and it directs the country to that dimension of life. the country’s In the same way, the billionaire weddings. Just about any middle-
treated with luxuries. That is how India has end poverty. How to go about it is at the The Indian middle-class make-up of prestigious col- class wedding, or even a typical five-star buf-
trained the poor to think, and this is how the heart of our economic, social and political may not always realize it, poverty leges has changed. But fet in India, is an insult of the poor.
poor have shaped India to treat them. debates. Many powerful emotional issues but its sense of well-being there are reminders of India’s civic ugliness does have an unsung
The first order Modi signed after taking like religion are secondary to the wound of emerges from the poor, many things that have not social benefit: it does not alienate the poor.
over will give away cash—about ₹20,000 poverty. People who do not consider this the from being privileged in a sea of poverty. changed. The nation is still rigged in favour Unlike in Europe where the poor live in great
crore to about 100 million farmers. This was priority cannot hope for a career in public Many of them may realize it when they go of people from affluent homes. contrast to the spectacular urban beauty all
probably a way to convey to India’s poor that life. When India wants to invest in technol- West and do not feel special anymore. When Also, it is very cheap to be middle-class in around, India’s poor belong more easily in
contrary to what they may have thought, ogy, it must first make it dreary by invoking at home, Indians are so habituated to their India because the poor subsidize us all. The our public spaces. As a result, the affluent
they were his priority. the tech’s uses for the poor. This is what privilege that they seem to start believing in poor serve us for almost nothing. They also almost never interact with public spaces.
Indian elections are often the revenge of India did at the advent of space exploration, the foolish notion that the poor are poor force the government keep the prices of They live in little islands of private spaces,
the poor. the internet and mobile phone—it was all because they are lazy or not smart. Actually, many basic necessities low. like zoo animals that own their own zoos.
LIVEMINT.COM VIEWS MONDAY, 17 JUNE 2024
AHMEDABAD 13
THEIR VIEW M I N T C U R AT O R
America’s debt is sustainable but Hunter Biden’s conviction has

brought out the best in his dad
sustaining it will be a challenge US President Joe Biden’s response affirmed faith in his leadership
The IMF estimates that US government debt isn’t excessive but also offers budget-deficit reduction advice that’s unrealistic
ISTOCKPHOTO
NIA-MALIKA HENDERSON
is a politics and policy columnist for
Bloomberg Opinion.
BARRY EICHENGREEN
is professor of economics at the University of
California, Berkeley, and the author, most
recently, of ‘In Defense of Public Debt’
O
n one of the worst days of his life,
US President Joe Biden showed
the best of who he is. He affirmed
O
ne of the more amusing exercises his faith in his son, Hunter Biden, who was Joe Biden’s tragic family life is well known
on the economic calendar is the convicted on three felony gun charges. to his supporters REUTERS
International Monetary Fund’s And he affirmed his faith in the justice sys-
(IMF) annual review of the United tem that held his only living son to ery and legal affairs.” But the apparently
States. Yet, while everyone knows account. Not only that, but hours after his vengeful Trump campaign has little room
that the US government pays son was found guilty, the US president for compassion. The Hunter line was
absolutely no heed to what the IMF has to say delivered a forceful speech on gun control edited out of a revised statement that was
about its affairs, the Fund’s most recent Article IV that underscored his deep humanity, sent later, according to CNN.
review of the US economy is striking for one decency and determination to stay That Hunter Biden found himself
unexpected finding. Readers will be startled to focused on the problems of average Amer- standing in a courtroom hearing guilty
learn that, in the IMF’s estimation, US government icans rather than drown in bitterness, self- verdicts was the result of his own behav-
debt is on a sustainable path. pity, revenge and victimization. He spoke iour, but it was also the result of a years-
This conclusion reflects consensus assumptions of hope in the face of loss, comforting long effort by Republicans to taint Presi-
about the evolution of inflation, gross domestic those who’ve lost loved ones with his own dent Biden.
product (GDP) growth, interest rates, and budget story of grief. Even if Trump’s allies didn’t recognize
deficits. It is of course hazardous to attempt to What Biden said was yet another stark that Biden’s strength as a politician came
forecast these variables for a period of ten years, and important contrast with former US from his resilience as a dad in the face of
much less for 30 years, the horizon over which the President Donald Trump, who appears to his tragic family story, Trump seemed to
US Congressional Budget Office (CBO) undertakes believe that his self-created legal prob- understand it viscerally. So much so that
an analogous exercise. lems are matters of the state. Trump has it seems he tried to ensnare a foreign
The assumptions adopted by the two institu- vowed revenge if he returns to the White leader into smearing Biden and his son
tions differ in their particulars, the CBO being House, and Biden has said he respects the over foreign business deals.
slightly more optimistic about America’s growth outcome of his son’s trial. That didn’t pan out, but Trump’s allies
prospects, for example. But while both institutions The last two weeks have crystallized have spent the years since trying to make
foresee debt rising over the next ten years, neither who these men are and who they would be good on Trump’s initial plot. It sounds a
sees it spiralling out of control. in the next four years as president like no bit Shakespearean, but the plan was
To understand why, it is important to begin other stretch of the campaign so far. always about erasing Biden’s reputation as
from the appropriate starting point. This is not It is the old and honourable man versus the grieving and devout family man and
total federal government debt, but rather debt in someone who comes across mostly as a replacing it with something seedier.
the hands of the public. A non-negligible share of con artist of sorts. Hence the Republican party’s relentless
total US federal debt is held by the government If elected, Trump will probably try to focus on Hunter Biden, who has struggled
itself, notably in the Social Security Trust Fund. wipe away his own legal problems— with drug addiction.
The Treasury’s interest payments on this portion gress nor the courts might be willing to do any- The CBO expects discretionary spending by the including his recent conviction on 34 This effort has proved successful in
represent interest income for the Trust Fund. On thing about it. The gambit would be appealing to federal government as a share of GDP to fall by counts of felony. He will likely weaponize many ways. Yet, this difficult time for
this share of its debt, the government is simply Trump insofar as a third of US government debt is about a fifth from current levels by 2034—without, the Justice Department, and spend his Biden’s family is also proof of his core
making interest payments to itself. held by foreigners. however, inferring from this contraction much first days in office as something of a dicta- goodness, his unwavering sense of
Debt in the hands of the public is currently 100% The damage to the dollar’s safe-asset status adverse impact on the overall rate of America’s tor, pardoning many insurrectionists of 6 decency, his enduring faith in God and his
of GDP. This is an elevated level by advanced- would be severe, even if Congress, the courts, economic growth. January 2021. relatability, the very traits the Republican
economy standards, but by no means catastrophic. or a subsequent president reversed Trump’s But if the cuts fall on public investment in semi- In contrast, when asked by ABC’s David would like to obscure.
CBO sees this rising, assuming no changes in the suspension of debt payments. Investors in US conductors, quantum computing, clean energy Muir if he would rule out pardoning his Millions of Americans struggle with
prevailing law, to 116% of GDP in 2034, 139% in Treasuries would demand a hefty risk premium, and education, as seems likely, then the negative son, Biden said yes because he believes in their own addictions and those of family
2044 and 166% in 2054. potentially causing the government’s interest pay- growth effects could be substantial. And sharply the rule of law—unlike Trump. members. Joe Biden’s struggle is their
These levels look alarming. But Japan has shown ments to explode. slower growth would throw debt sustainability Politically, Hunter Biden’s conviction struggle.
that an advanced economy that borrows in its own Even absent this dire scenario, meeting addi- into doubt. has complicated the grand old party’s “I am the President, but I am also a Dad,”
currency can manage debts of this magnitude. tional interest obligations as the debt ratio rises The IMF offers a lengthy menu of possible claims of a two-tiered justice system Biden said in a statement. “Jill and I love
Factors limiting the risk of a debt crisis, as the IMF could require the federal government to cut dis- measures for closing the budget deficit and where his father is the puppet master. It our son, and we are so proud of the man he
notes, include the depth of US financial markets, cretionary spending, with negative implications stabilizing US debt. Revealingly, most of the has also created strange bedfellows. is today.”
the breadth of the investor pool, the dollar’s role in for economic growth. The subsidies offered by the options with quantitative oomph operate on the Florida Representative Matt Gaetz, a After giving a moving speech on gun
the international system, the Federal Reserve’s CHIPS and Science Act are designed to stimulate revenue side of the budget, reflecting the reality well-known agent of chaos and conspiracy control, telling the families of people lost
ability to backstop the Treasury bond market, and growth by encouraging investment in high-tech that tax revenues as a share of GDP are low by theories, posted on X (formerly Twitter) to gun violence to never give up hope,
the strength of American institutions. capacity and know-how. Similarly, the Inflation advanced-economy standards. These include that the “Hunter Biden gun conviction is Biden flew back to Delaware to be with his
What then could go wrong? Reduction Act’s tax credit for investment in clean eliminating tax deductions for state and local taxes, kinda dumb, tbh.” The Trump campaign son and family.
Well, US institutions could turn out not to be so energy is intended to avert disruptive climate mortgage interest, sale of one’s principal residence called the verdict a distraction from “the On the tarmac, Biden embraced the son
strong after all. Former US President Donald events that could impede economic growth rate and employer-based health care, and raising cor- real crimes of the Biden Crime Family,” a he almost lost five decades ago in a car crash
Trump has a personal history of defaulting on his and depress the level of GDP. porate tax rates and adding a value-added tax and/ narrative with no evidence that Republi- that killed his first wife and baby daughter.
debts. As William Silber has observed, Trump in Higher spending on interest payments will or a carbon tax. cans have been trying to sell for the last His eyes closed as if in prayer, embodying
the White House for a second presidential term mean either more debt, testing sustainability, In your dreams, it is tempting to say. Still, the few years. An earlier draft of the statement the kind of unshakeable love, faith and
could instruct his Treasury Secretary to suspend or less investment in these other priorities, International Monetary Fund, unlike the rest of us, ended with a rare note of compassion: “As hope that the United States of America des-
payments on the debt, and neither the US Con- which could jeopardize growth. is entitled to dream. ©2024/PROJECT SYNDICATE for Hunter, we wish him well in his recov- perately needs. ©BLOOMBERG
MY VIEW | GENERAL DISEQUILIBRIUM
The new government is flexing centralizing muscles

cede taxation control over petro-products through discussion with all stakeholders and adopting what seem to be decisive postures labour is part of the concurrent list in the
RAJRISHI SINGHAL and alcohol because these remain key reve- not pushed through unilaterally. on unilateral issues—may be viewed as the Constitution, allowing both the Centre and
nue sources. There could be many reasons for the gov- party’s bid to depict itself as having emerged states to enact laws. The government’s abil-
This assumes importance because many ernment’s apparently continuing insistence unscathed from the polls and show that the ity to reach across political fences, remove
states, especially those with non-BJP gov- on adopting unilateralism and a centralizing results have not dented its core priorities of some of the contentious rigidities (such as
ernments, have been complaining of the tendency, but worse-than-expected election driving cultural, political and social homo- barring civil courts from hearing labour-re-
I
f the poetic assertion of morning showing Centre’s discriminatory treatment. These results for the BJP might be key here. geneity—or centralization in decision-mak- lated disputes) and accommodate state-level
the day holds true, then first-day state- states have been protesting that their share Whichever way you ing, resource pooling and concerns will test its federalist chops.
ments uttered by ministers of the ruling in the divisible central tax pool does not slice it, the BJP’s final tally power dispersal. The second concern relates to fraught
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) should illumi- reach them on time, or their dues from cen- of 240 seats—after claim- The Centre’s Another reason could be revenue sharing between the Centre and
nate India’s political path ahead. From all tral schemes (such as the Mahatma Gandhi ing it would get 370 seats, the party’s seeming diffi- states, in both the mandatory as well as dis-
indications available, it is likely that the National Rural Employment Guarantee) against 303 last time—is a dalliance with culty in shedding its feudal cretionary verticals. In the first, tax devolu-
notion of cooperative federalism will be put have been held back or sometimes even clear message from the trappings, under which tion from the central pool to states has been
to severe test. The government’s govern- denied outright. Dissatisfaction has also electorate that the ruling
unilateralism patron-client relationships falling, even though states are supposed to
is a senior journalist and author

ance structure, despite hopes springing
from the return of coalition politics, could
been expressed over tighter limits on state
borrowing or tardy central support during
party has been put on
watch. Yet, the BJP, on the
could hurt form the bedrock of its
political network.
get 42% of the divisible pool; this is because
cesses and surcharges now comprise a sizea-
of the recently released book
‘Slip, Stitch and Stumble: The
lapse into its default mode of overt centrali-
zation. Sample statements from two freshly-
times of disaster. Any attempt to reduce a
key source of state revenues under such cir-
surface, seems to be disre-
garding these signals and
federalism and If the government insists
on pursuing centralization,
ble chunk of the pool but are kept out of
states’ reach. The other statutorily man-
Untold Story of India’s Financial anointed senior ministers. cumstances is bound to face antagonism. trying to portray its return worsen tensions the first casualty is likely to dated transfers, grants-in-aid, have also
Sector Reforms’ Diplomat-turned-politician Hardeep The second indication came from Arjun to power with the support be federalism. Two chal- been shrinking. This is in addition to states
@rajrishisinghal Singh Puri, appointed petroleum minister, Ram Meghwal’s federalism-busting state- of allies as a sign of its with states lenges lie ahead. being asked to shoulder a larger share of
said on his first day in office that petrol and ments on his maiden day in office as law invincibility and proof that The first test for federal- expenditure on central schemes, over and
diesel should be brought under the goods minister. Meghwal, dashing hopes that coa- it has been redeeming its ism concerns new labour above the Centre often delaying fund trans-
and services tax (GST) regime, something lition pressures would restrain the new gov- pre-electoral promises. This message has legislation under which a raft of old labour fers for centrally-sponsored schemes.
that states have been opposing. Currently, ernment, emphasized that it would continue been echoed multiple times by various party laws were consolidated under four regula- If ‘double engine’ is to be the driving force
alcohol and petroleum products—such as, to pursue not only one-nation-one-election, functionaries and supporters in the media tory codes on wages, industrial relations, behind federalism and economic growth,
petrol, diesel, natural gas and aviation fuel— but also a uniform civil code. Pushback from and civil society, perhaps in the hope that social security and occupational safety, then implicit in it is the assumption that the
are subject to state-imposed and collected ally Janata Dal-United was instantaneous, repetitive iterations will convert it into an health and working conditions. Parliament Centre must maintain equitable and non-
value-added and sales taxes, which differ with a spokesperson clarifying that such a irrefutable truth. passed these four bills in 2020. However, partisan relationships with all states, and not
from state to state. States are reluctant to decision could be implemented only Attempts to project a muscular image—by implementation is stuck at the level of states; just with BJP-run or allied governments.
www.freepressjournal.in edit
Mumbai, Monday, June 17, 2024
Lessons of election verdict

in an unlikely democracy
ESTD-1928
✩✩✩
QUALITY @ VALUE
The Road Ahead In a poor country, there has to be a mix of sustainable welfare and
The Free Press Journal JAYAPRAKASH NARAYAN accent on economic growth to end poverty and promote opportunity
Founder Editor: S Sadanand
W
e are a most electoral verdict. lack of housing and social support in our diversity. That is why our plu-
unlikely de- First, people are impatient and system and insecurity make the rality, secularism, and embrace of
Modi at G-7 mocracy. Our
vastness, ex-
volatile. If a party offers several in-
dividual short-term welfare
lives of migrants miserable, and
cities congested and crime-ridden.
new ideas are intrinsic to our cul-
ture and tradition, not the gifts of
raised India’s traordinary diversity, mass poverty,

and lack of self-governing experi-
ence for centuries before Indepen-
measures, the voters may embrace
that party, but it does not last. They
want more than welfare. Karnataka
The second lesson from the election
verdict is that people are crying out
in despair. Thanks to TV and social
the state. People have at large
shown our parties in this election
that polarisation of society will not
profile dence make our elections and

adherence to democracy sources of
and AP are prime examples. Simi-
larly if a party offers collective long-
media, they see the opportunities
and lifestyles others enjoy, but are
be rewarded beyond a point. This
strengthens our democracy and so-
T
wonder in the modern world. term good in the form of order, distant dreams for them. People ciety. “Ekam Sat, Vipra Bahudha
Obviously, local political and infrastructure, investment and want better lives for themselves. In- Vadanti” (Truth is one, wise per-
rust Jairam Ramesh to utter cheap jibes, reflect- economic factors play a significant growth, voters may embrace that clusive growth involving quality ceive it differently) has always been
ing the mindset of the bosses whom he serves as the role in the national election. Our too, but not for long. Uttar Pradesh school education focused on out- our society's guiding principle.
media in-charge of the Congress Party. Last week, Lok Sabha verdicts are in large part is a case in point. There is no easy comes and skills; robust, effective, Finally the exaggerated fears of
when Prime Minister Modi left for the G-7 Summit an aggregation of state verdicts. formula for electoral success. Most universal healthcare; and in situ ur- dictatorship, rigging, manipulating
in Italy the uncultivated mind claimed he was going Small, but significant, proportion of voters are still on the margins of banisation and small town devel- EVMs, Election Commission being
to the Summit to ‘salvage his diminished inter- population of about 5-10% votes in poverty. Therefore short-term wel- opment to absorb a large number of subverted etc have been firmly put
national image’. He went on to sing paeans to former Lok Sabha polls on national issues fare measures are popular with the semi-skilled workers in a hospitable to rest. Our democracy is a work in
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh who he claimed relevant to Union’s responsibilities. bulk of the voters. But very soon milieu closer to their rural habitats progress, and there are many flaws.
was the star attraction at an earlier G-7 meeting in But most voters utilise every elec- people realise that transfer of are critical for inclusive growth and But they are outside the polling
Germany. The highly tion — local, state or national — as money and free goods and services harmonious society. This is the cen- booths, not in the conduct of elec-
educated Ramesh Personal an opportunity to deliver a verdict are not enough to make life better tral message of the verdict. tions. While we need to work hard
clearly chose to ig- contacts help on the performance of the state gov- or to fulfil their aspirations. Simi- The third message is, polarisation to improve our democracy, we
nore the irony of ernment. In the minds of voters, larly people reward parties that on grounds of caste, religion, region should also trust our political pro-
comparing an un- in removing state is the unit of governance and offer public order and crime con- or language has limited electoral re- cess, conduct of elections and insti-
elected prime min- misunderstan assembly constituency is the theatre trol, infrastructure, investments, fis- turns. Indian people, like all people, tutions of state. “I will accept the
ister with Modi. The dings, tamp of politics. In recent times a pan-In- cal prudence and growth. But are prone to bigotry and prejudice verdict if I win, I will reject it if I
latter might have re- dian vote in the national election is growth is not enough too. Uttar Pra- lives of all families. But those with- to an extent. We do tend to deviate lose” approach is a recipe for dis-
turned to power down tensions growing. The share of people voting desh and Odisha are examples of out meaningful skills to participate from socially productive behaviour aster.
with fewer seats than and generally differently in state and national people wanting more than growth. in modern production process will and civilised norms; but there is a Elections are not about the
before, but still en- induce a election is increasing slowly. Voters In a poor country, there has to be not see significant increase in in- strict limit. Centuries of coexistence parties and candidates; they are not
joyed the trust of the in states like Kerala and Delhi in a mix of sustainable welfare and ac- comes. Poor healthcare delivery im- and compulsions of survival devel- about who wins and who loses.
people whereas a cordial particular seem to clearly distin- cent on economic growth to end poverishes people, dampens oped a sense of tolerance and ac- Elections are about the people, the
meek bureaucrat relationship guish the state from the Union. poverty and promote opportunity productivity and undermines earn- ceptance of diversity even as we voters, the tax payers, and about
was alwayss nomi- Given this extraordinary com- and prosperity. But in an unequal ing capacity. Rural living limits op- harbour some prejudices about ‘the what happens after the elections,
nated to whatever political post he might have held plexity, it is hard to interpret society, growth is substantially portunities in manufacturing and other’. The moment prejudice and how the future is shaped.
post-retirement. the verdict in 2024 Lok Sabha elec- benefiting those who have real skills services. But migration to distant, crosses an unseen live, our society's
The author is the founder of Lok Satta
Going by his logic there were a couple of leaders tion and draw lessons from it. and productivity, and live in urban inhospitable, large cities with low inner compass is alerted, and we go movement and Foundation for Democratic
of the G-7 countries who seemed to be well on their However, four broad patterns and areas. Rising tide lifts all boats; simi- skills makes lives only marginally back to the median. There is a clear Reforms. Email:drjploksatta@gmail.com /
way out and ought not to have attended the Summit. lessons can be gleaned from the larly economic growth improves better. Gruelling urban poverty, “this-far-and-no-further” approach Twitter@jp_loksatta
Again, calling Modi ‘ek tihai prime minister’ proves
that the Congress has yet to recover from the blow it
suffered from its rejection by the voters for the third
successive time, failing to get into three figures. By
Ramesh’s logic Rahul would be ‘ek chauthai Opposi-
tion leader’. Let us not dilate further on the frivolities
of Jairam Ramesh.
Can the need for climate
The summit serves the wider national cause inso-
far as it allows the participating leaders to strike per-
sonal relationships, to move forward collectively on
global issues and on the sidelines to try and resolve
action stop wars?
bilateral issues. Personal contacts help in removing Climate Concerns There are increasing calls for military emissions be counted toward
misunderstandings, tamp down tensions and gen-
erally induce a cordial relationship. Whatever tran-
SHAILENDRA YASHWANT countries’ climate targets, to mitigate the climate impact of conflicts
spired at the brief and an unscheduled one-to-one
O
powwow between Modi and Canadian Prime Min- f the many ongoing kilotonnes of coal, enough to power on scientists and research institu- military operations and the main- ress at the UN led global climate ne-
ister Justin Trudeau certainly cannot be bad for conflicts around about 15.8 coal-fired power plants tions in Ukraine and Russia, where tenance of more than 700 U.S. mili- gotiations, it may sound next to im-
lowering tensions between the two countries over the world, Russia’s for a year. their institutions have been tary bases worldwide. possible to bring war-related
the killing of a Khalistan suspect in that country. war on Ukraine The total emissions from the bombed, research stalled, and Not surprisingly, under pressure emissions to the negotiating tables,
There were hot words exchanged between the two and the relentless conflict between Hamas tunnel network and Israel's facing boycotts and sanctions in re- from USA, it is not mandatory for but the two studies underscore the
countries over the killing. Israel and Hamas — that have killed protective "Iron Wall," surpass sponse to their country’s actions. countries participating in the Paris importance of doing exactly that. It
If the Modi-Trudeau meeting helps restore a sem- thousands of people, displaced mil- those of over 36 individual coun- The war-induced migration of climate agreement to report the car- is time governments acknowledge
blance of normalcy in the bilateral relationship it lions, destroyed billions of dollars tries and the report estimates that people has generated almost 3.3m bon emissions of the wars they wage the role their militaries play in glo-
would be for the mutual good of both countries. worth of infrastructure, and devas- emissions associated with rebuild- tCO2e, according to the IGGAW with their weapons of mass destruc- bal emissions and the costs it entails
There were other such brief encounters between the tated forests and water bodies — ing Gaza will be higher than the an- analysis. This includes the trans- tion, armies, navies and aircraft. in current spendings and the future
Indian Prime Minister and the US President Biden, are now under scrutiny for the re- nual emissions of over 135 port-related emissions of more than According to a report by Conflict loss and damage at home and in
French President Emmanuel Macron and British lease of an unprecedented amount countries, equating them to those of 5 million Ukrainians seeking refuge and Environment Observatory, ‘Es- enemy territories. Climate change,
Prime Minister Rishi Sunak. The meeting with the of carbon emissions into the atmos- Sweden and Portugal. in Europe as well as millions of in- timating the Military’s Global after all know no borders.
latter confirmed that the talks on the Indo-UK free phere. Another study by the Initiative on ternally displaced people and Rus- Greenhouse Gas Emissions,’ mili- Even the thousands of climate ac-
trade pact were on course, likely to yield an agree- A recent study, titled ‘A Multitem- Greenhouse Gas Accounting of War sians fleeing Russia. As of taries account for almost 5.5% of tivists — who believe that “there can
ment after the new government was in place in UK poral Snapshot of Greenhouse Gas (IGGAW), estimates that the first 12 September 2023, the UNHCR esti- global greenhouse gas emissions be no climate justice without
following the July 4 election. Emissions from the Israel-Gaza months of Russia’s full-scale in- mates 114 million people are dis- annually — more than the aviation human rights” — calling for an im-
The two leaders agreed to boost defence ties while Conflict’, estimates that the vasion of Ukraine led to the placed due to conflict and and shipping industries combined, mediate ceasefire, cannot shy away
the French President assured help in India undertak- emissions from the first 120 days of emission of 120 million tons of car- persecution globally, the highest larger than that of all countries ex- from subject of military emissions
ing a higher percentage of local manufacturing of the conflict alone were greater than bon dioxide. However, in the 24 number on record. cept the US, China and India. any more.
military hardware. There were other spheres of mu- the annual emissions of 26 individ- months since the invasion, Meanwhile, the annual military With wars becoming a perma- No one imagines that the need for
tual cooperation such as nuclear, communications, ual countries, and territories. emissions have significantly in- emissions of the United States of nent feature of the modern age, climate action will stop wars, but
defence, nuclear power, et al. (Someone of Ramesh’s Billions of litres of fuel to keep the creased to 175 million tons of carbon America are the largest of any with nearly 150 ongoing conflicts at knowing the exact quantum of
mindset might argue that there was no point talking war machinery going, billions of dioxide. This exceeds the annual country worldwide, rivalling the any given time in recent years ac- emissions from global conflict will
to Macron since he too was most likely to lose the tonnes of cement and steel to build emissions of a highly industrialised entire annual carbon output of cording to Global Conflict Tracker, certainly help those struggling with
snap presidential poll called for next month. But let defences, burning of fields, forests, country like the Netherlands, put- some smaller nations, like Norway there are increasing calls for mili- the question on whether to upgrade
us not take further notice of the childishness of the and built infrastructure and then ting 90 million new petrol cars on or Sweden. The US military is also tary emissions be counted toward to an electric vehicle or not.
Congress media in-charge.) rebuilding it all. The upper estimate the road, or building 260 coal-fired responsible for 1.2 billion metric each country's climate targets, to Shailendra Yashwant is an independent
The Summit held in the backdrop of the unending of emissions from pre-war, war- power units of 200 MW each. tonnes of greenhouse emissions in better understand and mitigate the environmental photojournalist and climate
wars in Ukraine and time, and post-war activities is com- According to a paper published the last 20 years. They have a wide climate impact of conflicts. communications consultant. He tweets at
Gaza dominated the It is parable to the burning of 31,000 in Nature, the heaviest impacts are range of origins, including both At present, given the slow prog- @shaibaba
official agenda. A significant
warning was
sounded on China that despite LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Dear reader, We are eager to know your opinions, comments and suggestions. Write to letters@fpj.co.in with the title of the letter in the subject line.
Using snail mail? Send your letters to The Free Press Journal, Free Press House, 215 Free Press Marg, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400021.
for supporting Rus- India refusing
sia in manufacturing to join the
war materiel for use Ticketless bonanza for such travellers coming their become a reality in India soon. Heat on 40/60 incident in Goregaon where Wai-
against Ukraine. western Last week, ticketless passengers way. At the G7 summit, Japa- Ticketless passengers, how- Delhi, already reeling under ab- kar won against Kirtikar with a
China was also criti- countries in crowded reserved coaches on nese Prime Minister Fumio Ki- ever, are advised not to act in normal heat, is being singed slender margin of 48 votes after
cized for its unfair the Vande Bharat train from shida assured his Indian haste but wait till the bonhomie even more by gusts from Nag- the latter was declared winner
condemning and the decision overturned
trade practices, sub- Lucknow to Dehradun, with most counterpart that all uncer- dies down, as happened in the pur. Climate change is here and
sidising its auto- Russia, of them packed tightly in the tainties about the bullet train case of Vande Bharat. now on every phenomenon could after recount. The matter is now
mobile exports to the Zelensky and aisles. project had been removed and PG Menon, Chennai well be guided by the new con- under investigation, and the in-
EU countries with vestigating agencies should
a few other There is one more opportunity that the high-speed train would
MIKA’S MATRIX
stant — 240/400. Tired agencies
examine CCTV footage and
hidden and not-so- could expect a 40% off on work-
hidden subsidies to western ing hours. Legal nerds of pros- other tools to detect foul play if
manufacturers. The leaders have ecution can shed their singular any. The result of the seat should
be put on hold until its authentic-
US and EU found in- sought his attachment to the Money Laun-
ity is established.
creasing unity on dering Act, to be conversant with
China’s aggressive good offices for other chapters on law and in par- SN Kabra, Mumbai
trade practices. On ending the ticular on bail. There could be
Ukraine the G-7 war 40% drop in cases, and 60% more Rethink school bags
leaders reiterated bail conceded. Farming in UP Books, lunch boxes, stationery...
the commitment to help it rebuff the Russian aggres- could get a fillip,with with 40% children are back with their cus-
sion which posed a serious threat to the security and less load on JCBs. As much as tomary routine after schools re-
peace of the wider region. Notably, Ukraine’s Presi- 60% of diesel quota may be di- opened. Heavy school bags are
dent Volodymyr Zelensky met Modi, seeking the verted to ploughs and tractors. going to cause many children
latter’s help in stopping the Russian aggression. TV anchors can spare their lar- neck and back problems. This
It is significant that despite India refusing to join ynx with 60% off on decibel deepens our understanding of
the western countries in condemning Russia, Zelen- levels. Non-BJP spokespersons the relationship between heavy
sky and a few other western leaders have sought his may get 40% more attention. bags, body posture and the pain
good offices for ending the war. Modi politely turned Anon, while the North could be- the children are forced to en-
down Zelensky’s invite to attend the peace summit come 40% cooler, Maharashtra is dure. Unfortunately, not much
of world leaders he is hosting in Switzerland. Of bound to be 60% hotter. The na- attention has been paid, both by
course, the summit took up the perennial issue of cli- tion could expect advertising parents and the schools, to the
mate change and the Iranian efforts to manufacture space for the government’s link between weight of the school
the nuclear bomb. brownie points to be 40% less bag and the child’s growing
Pious words were said on the growing threat of an and that of fresh job openings, muscles and backbone. Students
environmental apocalypse but there was no sign of 60% more. in developed nations carry their
the big spoilers putting money on the table for ac- R Narayanan, Navi Mumbai text and notebooks on a 10-gram
tions to mitigate the threat. In all these issues taken USB stick. Sadly, in our country,
up at the Summit India had a deep interest and its Hold the result the age-old practice of carrying
participation at the highest level was absolutely The Parliamentary elections this super-heavy bags is still in vogue.
necessary, frivolities of the Congress spokesperson year were by and large without Ranganathan Sivakumar,
notwithstanding. any controversy except for the Chennai
THE HINDU
6 Monday, June 17, 2024
Editorial Delhi
The general election of 2024, its true verdict

M
any iterations of the verdict in the Prime Minister Modi’s thought processes, the on the Ram Temple issue, the BJP lost the
just concluded 2024 general election verdict is not a repudiation of his doctrine of how Faizabad seat (where Ayodhya is located), to a
Criminalising words exist. One thing is, however, obvious
— viz., that there were no clear
to wield power, though an overwhelming
mandate could have helped set the seal on his
relatively unknown opponent from the SP. Even
lesser mortals would have reason to feel
Speeches that do not instigate violence winners. The election threw up a split verdict — majoritarian outlook. This can well be discerned chagrined that fate had dealt such a cruel blow.
the National Democratic Alliance, or NDA, 294, from a careful reading of the Prime Minister’s Being Modi, he would seek avenues to overcome
should not be deemed unlawful activity and the INDIA bloc crossing the 230 mark, M.K. Narayanan post-election statements. In his third term, the this insult. Hence, the worst is yet to come.
T
he grant of sanction to prosecute writer- reversing a trend seen during the 2014 and 2019 is a former Director, Prime Minister appears set to prove yet again, The Prime Minister was at the G-7 in Italy as an
activist Arundhati Roy and academician general elections, when the Bharatiya Janata Intelligence Bureau, that he is no consensus builder or that he would invitee. While accepting the invitation he, no
Sheikh Showkat Hussain for alleged “un- Party (BJP) emerged as a clear winner and Prime a former National give up his polarising views. doubt, believed that as India’s third-time Prime
lawful activity” in a case dating back to 2010 is Minister Narendra Modi as the messiah. Security Adviser, and Minister, he would have another opportunity to
unwarranted. Delhi Lieutenant Governor V.K. a former Governor Reading the signs strut on the international stage, as had been the
Saxena, who had accorded sanction in October Has democracy won? of West Bengal Already, the signs are there for all to see. The new case when the G-20 was held in Delhi in 2023. But
2023 to prosecute the Booker Prize-winning wri- A lot has again been written again about the Cabinet and Council of Ministers remain knowing the Prime Minister, he will try to convert
ter and the former Kashmir University professor, nature of the verdict: primarily, that democracy essentially the same. This is as good a sign as any what in effect was a defeat into victory.
respectively, for allegedly divisive speeches and had won and right-wing forces (more specifically that the Prime Minister does not think it
imputations against national unity, has now given the BJP) had been defeated. Nothing could be necessary to effect a change or even consult The road ahead
his nod for invoking Section 13 of the Unlawful further from the truth. The Indian voter, anyone in any such exercise. Again, everything India must be prepared, as there is not much
Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) for the same essentially the rural voter, did prove discerning, points to the Prime Minister dealing with his new hope, given the disjointed nature of the
set of speeches. The earlier sanction order was in no doubt, and gave a reasonable opportunity to Cabinet and his new Council of Ministers in the Opposition. Whether the Opposition and the
his capacity as the appropriate authority on be- the Opposition to alter the trajectory of the past same fashion as previously. It appears extremely country can withstand the battering that the
half of the Delhi government under Section 196 of decade, by forming a ‘coalition of the willing’. unlikely that any major shifts from past practices, Prime Minister is likely to unleash is yet to be
the Code of Criminal Procedure. The recent one This could then have been viewed as a clear or in terms of future legislation, will occur. The seen. Together with announcing a whole new
is, presumably, on behalf of the Central govern- message against ‘authoritarianism’. Instead, a past practice of asserting arbitrary authority to package of programmes aimed at enhancing his
ment, the appropriate authority to sanction pro- disunited Opposition failed to take advantage of achieve ends that the Prime Minister considers stature, the Prime Minister can be expected to be
secution for offences under Chapter III of the UA- the situation. The INDIA bloc which had failed to desirable, is hence, likely to continue. This will even more intolerant of the Opposition. He is
PA, under which Section 13 falls. The firm up a coalition prior to the election, failed remain the Prime Minister’s leitmotif this time unlikely to tolerate any attempt to moderate
resurrection of this old case is an unfortunate in- once again to unite when the time came for around as well. some of the actions that he had taken during his
stance of ill-motivated prosecution. The only pos- ministry formation post the election. In that More to the point, there seems to be little hope previous tenures. The misuse of investigative and
sible explanation for the revival of this case, regis- sense, the Opposition failed the Indian voter. that the Prime Minister, while pushing for other agencies can be expected to continue.
tered on a magistrate court’s order in 2010, is that The BJP-led alliance managed a slim victory, multi-polarity on the global stage and seeking a For Mr. Modi, the 2024 Lok Sabha elections
the present regime has found it expedient only though the BJP’s tally, of 240, fell well short of a greater say for the Global South internationally, were his project, and his project alone. He had
now to do so, as part of its continuing crackdown simple majority. The party lost 63 seats as would apply the same logic to the situation in invoked god himself to achieve his objective. He
on dissenters and outspoken critics. The eight- compared to its 2019 tally (303 seats), and was India. The Prime Minister does not see the is, hence, unlikely to allow mere mortals to
month gap between the two sanction orders is in- compelled to depend on the Telugu Desam Party, election results as a verdict for a change in checkmate and prevent him from achieving his
explicable, as the same material would have been or TDP (16 seats), the Janata Dal (United), or JD(U) direction. Rather, he possibly believes that more desired objective. The rural poor may cavil at
placed before the sanctioning authority. (12 seats), the Lok Janshakti Party(Ram Vilas) with of the same might have produced better results. several of Mr. Modi’s policies, but India Inc. is
The regime at the Centre then did not deem it five seats and a motley set of other allies to cross Hence, there is little hope that the Prime Minister bound to act as cheerleaders. The United States
appropriate to prosecute the speakers at the con- the magic figure of 272. The Congress, with 99 would moderate the use of central investigative and the West, in the meantime, can be expected
ference held in Delhi in October 2010. Even seats, and the Samajwadi Party, with 37 seats, agencies such as the Central Bureau of to continue to provide the Prime Minister the
though the Bharatiya Janata Party, then in the op- reflect, in turn, the nature of the churn that has Investigation and the Enforcement Directorate kind of international acclaim that he craves.
position, pressed for it, the Delhi police did not taken place this time. Nevertheless, it is a against all and sundry. Again, Mr. Modi will be India’s hopes lie less with a pusillanimous
consider the speeches seditious. Its reluctance mistake, as many analysts have been wont to do, fixated on urban India, which in this election gave Opposition, than of a division in the NDA, and
was possibly because the Centre did not want to to say that extreme right tendencies have been him maximum support. He is unlikely to make more so in the BJP itself. In regard to the BJP, the
jeopardise efforts to find a solution to the Kash- curbed. For democracy to succeed in such a concessions to working-class voter families, and Prime Minister’s refusal to consult with the ‘high
mir problem through designated interlocutors. situation, there was every need for deft handling, informal workers, especially those in the rural priests’ of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh has
When a complaint was filed before a Magistrate, and a clear understanding of what requires to be areas. The announcement of ‘Kisan Nidhi’ should reportedly angered them. This has been the case
the court asked for a police report, but the Delhi done. What the INDIA bloc gained at the hustings, not, hence, be viewed as a nod in favour of rural for some time. If divisions get exacerbated, this
police did not think the speeches warranted pro- was lost when the combination failed to ‘seize the farm workers. could have a material impact on the BJP and its
secution for sedition. However, on November 27, moment’, and allowed the BJP to inveigle the TDP A hurt, but not wounded, Narendra Modi is future, but it is uncertain as of now whether, or
2010, the Metropolitan Magistrate rejected the and the JD(U) to share the spoils of office. The likely to be a far greater threat to democracy and how, this could happen. Again, with the denting
police stand and directed registration of a First winner has been the Prime Minister. Narendra democratic traditions, than was the Mr. Modi at of the Prime Minister’s image as a winner having
Information Report. The FIR included Section 13 Modi, through stratagems, rather than an the end of March. Nothing could have been more taken a beating, there is reason to believe that
of UAPA, which seeks to punish “unlawful activi- electoral verdict, achieved his ambition of The election galling for him — that of his own majority in voices are beginning to be raised within the BJP
ties”. Speeches made at the conference may have becoming India’s Prime Minister for the third Varanasi shrank from the more than four lakh against the Prime Minister’s autocratic attitude
outcome could
contained imputations about the status of Kash- time. votes he got in 2019 to 1.5 lakh votes this time. and behaviour. The big question mark,
mir, but it is doubtful if a mere speech, in the ab- All that can be said for now, is that the election possibly lower Equally disappointing would have been the fact nevertheless, is how and whether the Prime
sence of a call to arms or instigation of violence, outcome could possibly lower the risk of the the risk of India that in Uttar Pradesh, the BJP suffered a shock Minister can adjust to the reality that he is no
would amount to “unlawful activity” under UA- country sliding towards autocracy. How long such sliding towards defeat at the hands of the Samajwadi Party (SP). god, given that the mandate proved he is not
PA. In any case, much has changed in the ground a situation will prevail is, however, uncertain. In autocracy Also after having spent so much time and effort invincible.
situation, especially in the aftermath of the abro-
gation of Jammu and Kashmir’s special status in
High Court’s take on Marriage Act, an erosion of rights

2019 and its division into two Union Territories.
The new coalition regime should move away
from the earlier era’s obsession with stamping
out dissenting views and put an end to its propen-
sity to criminalise speeches.
A
problematic order from the Madhya granted police protection to a live-in couple related. By doing so, the High Court failed to
Two steps back Pradesh High Court has given rise to the
likelihood of a misinterpretation of the law
holding that “the key issue at hand is not the
legality of the petitioners” relationship, qua
recognise that the objective of the Act is to
facilitate marriage between any two Indian
India needs to close the gender gap around inter-faith marriages and a calling into which they may be liable for civil as well as nationals “irrespective of the faith with either
question the scope of the Special Marriage Act, criminal consequences in accordance with law, party to the marriage may profess”.
in education and politics 1954. If unresolved, this could potentially lead to but whether they are entitled to protection of
G
ender parity may be climbing upwards consequences contrary to the objectives of the Act, Manuraj their fundamental right under Article 21 of the The India of today and special marriages
worldwide with the global gender gap which sought to provide a viable legal avenue for Shunmuga- Constitution”. The Madhya Pradesh High Court order assumes
standing at 68.5% closed in 2024, but the inter-religious marriages. sundaram In contrast, the Madhya Pradesh High Court, importance in the current social and political
glacial pace of change — it was 68.4% in 2023 — is a The issue has risen out of a petition that sought without weighing in on the real and apparent climate, where there is a real threat of vigilantism
is a media
grim statistic. At this rate, it will take 134 years to protection for an inter-faith marriage, jointly filed spokesperson for the dangers faced by an inter-faith couple and against inter-faith and inter-caste marriages,
reach full parity, the Global Gender Gap report re- by an unmarried Hindu-Muslim couple before the Dravida Munnetra adjudicating on the prayer for protection based which do not have the sanction of the parents.
leased by the World Economic Forum (WEF) last Madhya Pradesh High Court. While hearing the Kazhagam (DMK) and on a threat assessment, has gone into the merits The love jihad conspiracy, right-wing propaganda
week pointed out, “roughly five generations arguments, the High Court went into the question advocate practising of an impending marriage itself. Even if the and consequent vigilantism have directly
beyond the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal of whether such a marriage of “a Muslim boy with a before the High Court couple does not get their marriage registered, challenged our constitutional morality. While
(SDG) target”. Iceland maintains its number 1 rank Hindu girl” under the Act would constitute a “valid of Madras. He their claim for protection ought to have been these are yet to be resolved, there is also a batch
(93.5%), and is also the only economy to have marriage or not”. The High Court then proceeded appeared for the decided in accordance with Article 21 of the of petitions challenging unconstitutional
closed over 90% of its gender gap. India has petitioners in the case
to not grant police protection to the unmarried Constitution, which provides for the protection of provisions within the Special Marriage Act, such
where the Madras
slipped two places to 129 out of 146 countries. couple on the grounds that theirs would amount to the right to life and liberty of an individual. as prior notice which are pending before the
High Court granted
Last year, it was ranked 127, after having jumped an invalid marriage. By doing so, the High Court protection to a Supreme Court. Tying these together is a
eight places from 135 in 2022. India has closed has reversed the gains in the jurisprudence on the same-sex couple Dilution of the Special Marriage Act common thread of individual autonomy, liberty,
64.1% of its gender gap in 2024, the report noted, right to choice of partner and has rewritten the Another serious concern is that the order passed and equality. The Supreme Court in Shafin Jahan
leaving policy-makers with a huge window of op- well-settled objectives of the Special Marriage Act. by the Madhya Pradesh High Court goes against vs Asokan K.M. (2018), held that “intimacies of
portunity to do better. The “slight regression,” ac- the very basis and objects of the Special Marriage marriage lie within a core zone of privacy, which
cording to the report, is mainly due to “small de- Erroneous considerations Act. The order refers to a precedent from the is inviolable”. Dealing with a case of inter-faith
clines” in the spheres of education and political It is common practice that when a petition seeking Supreme Court of India in Mohammed Salim vs marriage, Justice D.Y. Chandrachud, as he was
empowerment. With a population of over 140 police protection is filed under Article 226 of the Shamsudeen (2019), a case which dealt with the then, wrote that “social approval for intimate
crore, even two steps back mean staggering num- Constitution of India, the High Court looks into the Haripriya issue of property succession arising out of a personal decisions is not the basis for recognising
bers. Though India, it pointed out, had shown a violation of rights of the petitioners and the extent Venkatakrishnan marriage between a Muslim man and Hindu them” and further, that “the Constitution
slight improvement in economic participation of threat faced by them. Such petitions are usually woman under the Mohammedan Laws. This protects personal liberty from disapproving
is an advocate
and opportunity for the last few years, it would filed by couples in inter-faith and inter-caste practising before the judgment should never have been considered as a audiences”.
need 6.2 percentage points more to match its 2012 marriages. However, it is now seen that even in High Court of Madras precedent in either deciding the validity of an The ratio decidendi of the Shafin Jahan case has
score of 46%. cases of unmarried persons, High Courts have inter-faith marriage or for police protection. the effect of prioritising the absolute right of an
One way of achieving the objective will be extended them protection after considering the The M.P. High The order also goes into Section 4 of the individual to choose a life partner over any
through bridging gender gaps in, say, the labour various threats emanating from society. In similar Special Marriage Act which excludes marriages consideration of faith or caste-based diktats. With
Court order
force participation rate (45.9%). To do that, a slew circumstances, Justice N. Anand Venkatesh of the between persons within the “prohibited degrees the spirit of this judgment having been lost sight
of measures must be in place, from ensuring that High Court of Madras recognised the precarious goes against the of relationship”. The reliance of the Madhya of in recent years, it is wholly necessary for
girls do not drop out of higher education, provid- situation encountered by same-sex couples and very basis of the Pradesh High Court on this prohibition is entirely constitutional courts across the country to keep
ing them job skills, ensuring safety at the work- granted police protection to a lesbian couple. Special untenable and factually flawed as this provision in mind that the arc of jurisprudence bends
place, and helping them keep a job after marriage Similarly, the Punjab and Haryana High Court Marriage Act only bars marriages between those who are towards autonomy, privacy and liberty.
by sharing responsibility for chores at home. In
education, the gap between men and women’s lit-
eracy rate is 17.2 percentage points wide, leaving LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
India ranked 124th on this indicator. India has
fared better in the political empowerment index, No to ‘love thy neighbour’ against the allotment of the Dravida Munnetra K. Kamaraj and M.G. Travel notes whether I could sit in the
but women’s representation in Parliament conti- The report, “Residents flat to the woman. Is Indian Kazhagam, while Ramachandran, who The same and embarrassing middle section so that they
nues to be low. For confirmation, look no further oppose allotment of flat society getting balkanised campaigning in Attur, expanded it. The report, situation arose when I could sit together. Given my
than the newly elected Lok Sabha. Close to 800 under CM scheme to a on the basis of caste and Salem, recently, said that “Everyone loves a hot, travelled with my son on a age — I am 87 years old —
women contestants were in the fray, but the num- Muslim woman in Gujarat” religion? Where are we “Telangana and Karnataka cheap meal” (Tamil Nadu, direct flight from Mumbai to and being a very long flight,
ber of women Members of Parliament has dipped (Inside pages, June 15), was headed? One hopes that the have adopted the Chief June 16), on the state of the San Francisco to meet my I politely said, “Very sorry, a
to 74 from 78 (2019) of 543 members, which is shocking. There appears to Vadodara Municipal Minister’s free breakfast Amma Canteens under the granddaughter. It was a window seat will be very
13.6% of the total. These numbers are not a good be a weakening of Corporation and saner scheme for students”. The DMK regime, was an short trip. comfortable for me.” After
sign in the backdrop of the Women’s Reservation secularity in present-day representatives will prevail leader added, “Besides eye-opener. It is clear that Being a senior citizen, my reaching San Francisco, I
Bill, 2023, yet to come into effect, which aims to Indian society. Such a upon the residents and other States, Canada the poor have been seat had been booked in was surprised to know that
reserve one-third of the seats in the Lok Sabha scenario threatens the convince them that we are President Justin Trudeau affected. If this is the state premium economy class, the two girls were close
and State legislative Assemblies for women. All amicable co-existence of all Indians and need to had hailed it as the best of the Amma canteens — a while my son was in friends of my
under-performing countries, including India, many. co-exist peacefully. scheme and declared its scheme by the DMK’s economy. Two young lady granddaughter! An
must heed WEF Managing Director Saadia Zahi- Chetan Datta Poduri, C.S. Ravikumar, implementation in their political rival — one students, who were “unexpected connection
di’s words, calling for “Governments to streng- Hyderabad Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh country.” One wonders wonders what state the pursuing an educational amid the clouds” (‘Open
then the framework conditions needed for busi- whether the leader knew DMK’s schemes are in. course in the United States, page – Magazine’, June 16).
ness and civil society to work together to make It was painful to read that State of welfare schemes that the meal scheme was N. Mahadevan, were seated next to me. D. Sethuraman,
gender parity an economic imperative”. several residents were A prominent leader of the introduced by the leaders, Chennai One of the girls asked me Chennai
CM M ND-NDE
YK
THE HINDU
Monday, June 17, 2024 7
Delhi
Opinion
Under Kafala, workers are dispensable More than that meets the eye
Maharashtra’s factional politics promise a tough Assembly fight
W
ithin hours of the unhygienic labour workers are perpetually
fatal fire that killed accommodation that makes its vulnerable. They have no choice
49 migrant residents most vulnerable to any but to live in the poor housing the State. An exceptional Con-
workers — a exigencies that may arise in a provided, struggle with the quality STATE OF PLAY gress performance can be at-
majority of whom are Indians — in country. Just a few years ago, of food, and occupy as little tributed to Rahul Gandhi’s
Mangaf area of Al Ahmadi when the world came to a socio-cultural space as possible in Parimal Maya Sudhakar credibility and local cadre in
municipality, Kuwait, several Vani Saraswathi standstill due to the COVID-19 the countries they help build. parimalmayasudhakar@gmail.com the State. Congress has two
actions were taken immediately. is the director of pandemic, GCC states struggled to The Mangaf tragedy has been different types of cadres. One,
L
Kuwait’s Interior Minister Fahad projects and contain the spread of the virus in technically attributed to an ok Sabha election re- grassroots leaders who can
Al-Yousuf Al-Sabah said the editor-at-large of these labour accommodations. electric short circuit. But the root sults sprung two sur- mobilise voters based on caste
fatalities were due to the greed of Migrant-Rights.Org, a Kuwait had some of the most cause clearly is the systemic prises in Maharashtra’s affiliations and kinships. Two,
the employer and building owner GCC-based research discriminatory lockdown indifference of the state towards politics, casting shadows on conscious individuals who
— in this instance, both parties and advocacy practices, particularly in areas the rights and well-being of the upcoming Assembly polls. help in creating narrative at
being the same, NBTC; he organisation densely populated by migrant low-income workers and the gross The first was an impressive the grassroots level. When
announced the company officials workers and announced an negligence of the employer. show by Eknath Shinde-led worked for Shinde’s Shiv Sena these individuals succeed in
would be held criminally liable; amnesty, deporting tens of There are many ‘IFs’ as to how Shiv Sena. It not only scored a in the Lok Sabha election. creating a narrative on the
and officials of the municipality thousands of workers at the height this tragedy could have been much better strike rate than Overall, Mr. Shinde has ground, the caste and kin mo-
were suspended for their failure to of the pandemic in April 2020. No averted. If the employer had its allies but also defeated consolidated his position as bilisation do not become bla-
maintain building codes. lessons were learned then, and better safety checks, if the state Uddhav Thackeray’s Shiv Sena the Chief Minister and the two tant. At the same time, not
In the coming days, more tragedies recur in different forms. had deemed them important (UBT) in seven seats out of the ambitious Deputy Chief Minis- having a dominant State lead-
announcements will be made and Kuwait does have some kind of enough to earn better and live 13 contests between them. A ters – Devendra Fadnavis and er provided space for sub-re-
a few heads will roll. The names of code on standards for workers’ better, but most importantly, if the silver lining for the latter was Ajit Pawar – now have to deal gional and district-level lead-
the 49 dead are unlikely to be accommodation but its focus has workers could organise the three seats it won in Mum- with him. Ironically, Mr. Fad- ers to work for the Congress
shared officially by Kuwait but will been more on evicting ‘bachelors’ themselves, then they would have bai and a narrow controversial navis can no longer afford to candidate in their own consti-
appear in the media in India and from family zones and moving had a collective voice to air their defeat in Mumbai North-West. be seen hand in glove with Mr. tuency or a constituency of
the Philippines. It is easy to them to subpar living spaces than grievances and demand better Three inferences can be Ajit Pawar in trying to clip Mr. their choice. These combina-
replace a number, recruit anew to actually ensure employers treatment. drawn from this result. One, Shinde’s wings. His associa- tions of factors have placed
and bring in more workers to fill provide suitable accommodation. But GCC states do not take Hindutva votes of Shiv Sena tion with Mr. Ajit Pawar is be- Congress in a commanding
the gap left behind by those who As per Kuwait’s labour law, kindly to any form of labour considerably remained with ing pointed out as one of the position vis-a-vis the National-
perished. To humanise them employers engaged in government organising or unionisation. To BJP and Shinde’s Sena. Two, main reasons for the BJP’s ist Congress Party (SP) and
would mean to acknowledge their contracts (such as NBTC) must allow workers to have a voice is to the issue of Marathi Asmita drubbing in the election. Shiv Sena (UBT).
presence as more than just labour provide suitable housing or an allow them to challenge the status (pride) provided an edge for On the other hand, Mr. Ajit This has created an awk-
and entail safeguarding all of the allowance — 25% of wages if they quo. The easiest way to prevent Mr. Thackeray in Mumbai but Pawar must be realising how ward situation for Mr. Thacke-
rights of the migrant population, earn the minimum wage (KD75) or this is to keep wages low enough did not work well in the rest of much ideology matters in pol- ray. Since 2019, he has been
and that would only be possible by 15% if paid above the minimum that the workers are in a constant Maharashtra. In Mumbai, he itics. A large number of minor- consciously attempting to fill
dismantling the all-pervasive wage. The cost of decent living is state of financial insecurity, and was able to forge a better com- ities, Dalit and women voters, in the vacuum created by the
Kafala system — a complex of laws roughly KD200 per person, not then to deport them with ease at bination of voters having faith who have been voting for him retreat of Congress in the
and practices that ensure state and including rent. The extremely low the first sign of protest or in secular, democratic and in his Assembly constituency State’s politics. Now, Congress
citizens hold all the power, while value placed on their labour discontent. In the heat of the federal (emphasis on linguistic of Baramati, turned their back is back with a bang and Mr.
individual migrants are treated as determines their place in the aftermath, Kuwaiti officials will and regional pride) polity. on him in the Lok Sabha elec- Thackeray cannot return to
temporary even if the dependency economic hierarchy. make promises of better safety Three, his party lagged in tion. While he would not mind the saffron fold due to Mr.
on their labour is near-permanent. This huge discrepancy between standards and more stringent proper election campaigns, returning to Sharad Pawar’s Shinde’s strengthened posi-
This is why any announcement by the cost of living and minimum penalties but will depend on including microscopic booth fold and the latter’s suppor- tion. He must continue with
Kuwait promising action must be wage is one of the critical control policing of employers and workers management, compared to ters are eager to welcome him the chosen politics of inclusive
scrutinised minutely. factors of the Kafala system. Work to implement this, and shy away strong local candidates from back, it is unlikely to happen nationalism, federalism and
Kuwait (foreigners comprise and residence visas are tied to the from systemic changes that would BJP and Shinde’s Sena. before the Assembly election. democratic values. Even when
70% of its 4.3 million) and the rest Promises in the employer, ensuring they have a best enforce the law. That would Over the years, Shiv Sena The octogenarian Pawar he has steered a mega victory
of the GCC states (Saudi, UAE, stranglehold over their employees’ be to empower workers, the had grown with the consolida- knows well that a sympathy for the anti-Modi alliance in
Qatar, Bahrain and Oman), in
wake of the lives. For the nearly three million ‘beneficiary’ of these reforms, to tion of positions by local sa- wave for him will cease to ex- the State, his own fate is still
essence, follow the same practice Kuwait fire need migrants in Kuwait’s low-income raise their voices against the traps in respective constituen- ist if he shakes hands with Mr. hanging in balance.
with varying degrees of control to be belt, this means absolute injustices they may face. cies. Mr. Shinde from Thane is Ajit Pawar. Even then, in the Also, uncertainty about Mr.
over migration and migrants. scrutinised, for dependency on the employer for Footnote: Domestic Workers, who a prime example of this and long term, he and his party Ajit Pawar in the post-Lok Sab-
These six states are home to it is far easier to accommodation, food and constitute 27% of the entire labour many such Sena leaders sided will need Mr. Ajit Pawar to ha election scene has compli-
roughly 35 million migrant replace labour transportation. The minimum force in Kuwait, are excluded from with him. Many MLAs with Mr. tackle a rejuvenated Congress cated the State’s politics. The
workers, accounting for 10% of all than ensure salary requirement to sponsor a the labour law, and are amongst Shinde can deliver victory in in Maharashtra. only certainty is that there is
international migrants, and family in Kuwait is KD800, so the the most marginalised of the the Assembly election with It is significant that Con- much more to come in Maha-
Indians constitute the single
safeguards for majority of migrants are unable to migrant population. This opinion the combination of their own gress contested 15 seats rashtra’s politics.
largest group amongst them. the migrant bring their families. By keeping piece does not have the scope to cultivated influence in the against BJP and won 11 seats, The writer is an Associate Pro-
Let us look at the immediate worker wages so low, Kuwait and the address the aggravated constituency and the BJP’s which has reduced BJP to the fessor at MIT School of Govern-
concern — crowded, unsafe and population other Gulf states ensure that vulnerabilities they face. loyal Hindutva votes. This has miserable tally of nine seats in ment, Pune.
Rising cases under PoSH Act point to better reporting F R O M T HE A RC HI V ES
However, the taboo around reporting sexual harassment in workplaces, which still exists, meant that the figures may be just the tip of an iceberg
FIFTY YEARS AGO JUNE 17, 1974
DATA POINT
cause PoSH data is properly main- Sinking of INS Khukri:
tained in big organisations.
While the numbers have in- Limaye’s Charge Rejected
Khadija H. Colombowala creased over time, only a few such
Vignesh Radhakrishnan cases get reported officially. To un- FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT
derstand why women, in general, NEW DELHI. June 16.
M
ore and more women are especially those who are married, The Minister of Defence, Mr. Jagjivan Ram,
getting into STEM — avoid raising such complaints, it is has rejected the allegation made by Mr. Madhu
Science, Technology, En- important to study the environ- Limaye, MP, that the sinking of the Indian Navy’s
gineering and Maths — courses in ment around them. INS Khukri by the Pakistan Navy during the 1971
India, resulting in them landing For instance, only 57% of men war was facilitated by the supply of defective
jobs in corporate houses, especial- in India think that wives should fuel by the Indian Oil Corporation.
ly in the IT sector. Hence, the pro- have an equal or greater say in Mr. Jagjivan Ram, who has written to Mr.
portion of women in leading cor- these decisions — making house- Madhu Limaye, has stated in his letter that after
porate firms has increased hold purchases, visits to their fami- his investigation into the allegations, he had
considerably over time. Yet, attri- ly/relatives, how to spend the mo- found that “there is no evidence that
tion rate — the percentage of em- ney they earn and how many sub-standard oil was supplied”. He has further
ployees who leave an organisation children to have (Chart 2). Only said that the machinery of INS Khukri and the
— is also, in general, higher among 42% of women in India are allowed fuel supplied to it “were in excellent condition.
women than men. Women leave to go alone to specific places such No difficulty was experienced in the operation
organisations for many reasons, as the market, health facility and of its machinery prior to its sinking by an enemy
including societal pressure after places outside community/village torpedo”. There was thus no cause for any
marriage, pregnancy, and post- (Chart 3). In urban India, the apprehension that the unfortunate sinking of the
pregnancy work-life balance, rea- share is higher at 48.6%, com- ship was caused by the supply of defective fuel.
sons that rarely apply to men. pared with 39.2% in rural areas. Mr. Limaye, however, in his reply to the
Adding to the list, workplace ha- Close to 23% of men agree that a Defence Minister, has expressed surprise “that
rassment — verbal, sexual or other- husband is justified in beating his you have dealt with the serious question of the
wise — may also play a role in such wife if he suspects that she is “un- supply of defective and inferior oil to our naval
exits. If the number of cases re- faithful”. About 26% of women say forces, ordnance factories, etc., in a casual
ported under the PoSH Act is their husbands are jealous if they manner. Supply of sub-standard oil can by no
anything to go by, a look at just the talk to other men. means be called an inadvertent action. It is a
figures from the top four IT firms Taking cues from the above da- deliberate, vicious and treacherous act”. He has,
shows that instances are rising ta, it is important to question what therefore, urged Mr. Jagjivan Ram to put this
again after a brief pause during the share of women — who come to question on the agenda of the next meeting of
pandemic. The Sexual Harassment work amid lack of freedom to tra- the Defence Consultative Committee. He has
of Women at Workplace (Preven- vel and lack power to make major also demanded a thorough enquiry into this
tion, Prohibition and Redressal) decisions on their own — will ac- matter and the suspension of senior officers.
Act, 2013 (PoSH Act) was intro- cuse a man of sexually harassing
duced over a decade ago to protect them at their job, especially those
women against workplace sexual with a jealous and suspicious hus-
harassment. band willing to punish them. In A HUNDRED YEARS AGO JUNE 17, 1924
In Tata Consultancy Services, this context, the increase in the
110 cases were filed under the numbers should be seen as a posi- American World Tourists.
PoSH Act in FY24, about eight tive development as women now
times more than what it was ten have a better avenue, awareness (ASSOCIATED PRESS OF INDIA.)
years back. In Infosys, 98 cases and courage to report, but the fi- ALLAHABAD, June 16.
were filed in FY24, 3.3 times more gures should be taken with a pinch Captain Vanderwell and Miss Vanderwell, the
compared with FY14. In Wipro, 141 of salt as they hide more than what American world Ford tourists, arrived in
cases were filed in FY23, peaking they reveal. Allahabad this morning with a letter of
post the pandemic. In HCL, 55 cas- Also, in May last year, the Su- introduction from Mr. Henry Ford to Mr. J. E.
es were filed in FY23, while bet- preme Court flagged lapses in the Gilbert, the Ford Agent here, whose guests they
ween FY18 and FY22, there were way the PoSH Act was implement- are. They will leave this evening on their way to
only 58 such cases. Chart 1 shows ed. It said many firms have not Calcutta. They spoke well of the Indian roads
the number of PoSH complaints even constituted Internal Com- generally and did not feel the heat as much as in
filed in select IT companies and plaints Committees and in places Africa. Starting in 1919, they have passed
the number of complaints upheld. which have one, members were in- through 39 countries and traversed 153,000
These companies were chosen as a adequate or lacked representa- geographical miles. Miss Vanderwell is the first
representative sample and also be- tives from outside the company. lady to do the world tour in a car.
CM M ND-NDE
YK
Delhi www.thehindu.com Monday, June 17, 2024
● ●
Text&Context 0
NEWS IN NUMBERS
The amount pumped Nations seeking Kyiv’s Number of child Rise in India’s coal Number of accounts
into Indian equities by territorial integrity as labourers rescued imports in April: added to MF industry
FPIs in the past week basis for peace from MP distillery mjunction in April-May FY25
11,730 80 58 13.2 81
in ₹ crore. countries. The joint The National Commission for in percentage. India's lakh. The mutual fund industry
Foreign communique capped a Protection of Child Rights in coal import rose to has added above 80 lakh
investors two-day conference in collaboration with the 26.10 million tonne (MT) investors’ accounts in the first
made a strong comeback in the week Switzerland marked by the absence of Association of Voluntary Action rescued 39 in April 2024 as buyers took fresh positions two months of the current fiscal (Financial
ending on July 14, driven by positive Russia, which was not invited, but that boys and 19 girls from Som Distillery in amid early onset of summer. The country Year Y25), mainly due to consistent
signals from domestic and global markets. many attendees hoped could join in on a M.P.’s Raisen district. The children were had imported 23.05 MT of coal in the marketing efforts, celebrity endorsements
The net inflow was in stark contrast to the roadmap to peace. About 100 delegations, transported in a school bus and worked year-ago period, according to data and dedicated work of the distribution
net outflow of ₹14,794 crore witnessed in mostly Western countries but also some 12-14 hours in the distillery daily. They compiled by B2B e-commerce company network. Experts say the industry will
the preceding week from June 3-7, key developing nations, were on hand for bore burn wounds from exposure to harsh mjunction services ltd. India's coal import continue to see decent growth. PTI
according to depositories data. PTI the conference. AP chemicals and alcohol. PTI rose by 7.7% to 268.24 MT in FY24. PTI COMPILED BY THE HINDU DATA TEAM
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On the size of council of ministers

What has been the composition of the Council of Ministers at the Centre and in States since India became a democracy? What were the instances when the
council became too large and unwieldy? How were the laws brought in to rein in this trend?
EXPLAINER Secretary (PS) also has its origin in the THE GIST
British system. In India, the post of PS
was first created in 1951. They have not
Rangarajan R been a regular feature in the Central 쑽
governments thereafter and the last PS at The present Council of
The story so far: the Centre was appointed in 1990. Ministers consists of the Prime
T
he Union Council of Ministers However, various States have continued Minister, 30 Cabinet Ministers,
(COM) headed by Prime with their appointment to circumvent the 5 Ministers of State (MoS) with
Minister Narendra Modi was limit on COM placed by the 91st independent charge and 36
sworn in on June 9, 2024. The Amendment. High Courts of Punjab & MoS
present COM consists of the Prime Haryana, Rajasthan, Bombay, Calcutta,
Minister, 30 Cabinet Ministers, 5 Ministers Telangana, Karnataka etc. have quashed 쑽
of State (MoS) with independent charge or questioned the appointment of PS in The first COM at the time of
and 36 MoS. the States under their jurisdiction for independence had only 15
indirectly violating the maximum limit on Ministers headed by Prime
Who constitutes the Council of COM. The Supreme Court in July 2017 had Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
Ministers? also declared a law passed by Assam in When the council started
India is a parliamentary democracy with 2004 for the appointment of PS as expanding, through the 91st
the President as its nominal head. Article unconstitutional. The most recent Constitutional amendment in
74 of the Constitution provides that there instance is the order of the Himachal 2003, the total number of
shall be a COM headed by the Prime Pradesh High Court in January 2024 that Ministers including PM/CM in
the COM was limited to 15% of
Minister (PM) to aid and advise the restrained six PS appointed in the State
the total strength of Lok
President. The real executive powers lie from functioning as Ministers or availing
Sabha/State Legislative
with the COM. A Minister should be a facilities provided to Ministers. Assembly.
member of either the Lok Sabha or the Number game: Prime Minister Narendra Modi, left, with his Council of Ministers at the Rashtrapati Appointing MLAs to the position of
Rajya Sabha and if not, should become Bhavan in New Delhi on June 9.AFP Ministers under the guise of PS to 쑽
one within six months of his/her circumvent constitutional limits should be A thorny issue even after the
appointment. A similar setup prevails in Nehru. After the first general elections in Sabha/Legislative Assembly for the strictly prohibited and discontinued. limit on number of ministers is
States with a COM headed by the Chief 1952, Nehru inducted around 30 Ministers number of Ministers at the Centre/State It is also pertinent to note that States the appointment of
Minister (CM). into his COM. Over the years, the size of level. Finally, through the 91st like Sikkim, Goa and smaller States in the Parliamentary Secretaries in
The COM consists of a Cabinet the COM had gradually increased to Constitutional Amendment in 2003, the northeastern region with a current various States. Courts have
minister, MoS with independent charge, around 50-60. Interestingly, it is the total number of Ministers including estimated population ranging from seven stepped in multiple times to
MoS and a Deputy Minister. The United Front governments led by Deve PM/CM in the COM was limited to 15% of to forty lakhs have a minimum of twelve restrain States from appointing
Constitution does not classify the Gowda ( June 1996) and I.K. Gujral (April the total strength of the Lok Sabha/State Ministers. However, Union Territories of PS to circumvent the
members of the COM into different ranks. 1997) that were sworn in with just 21 and Legislative Assembly. There is no Delhi and J&K with estimated population constitutional limit set for the
All this has been done informally, 34 Ministers respectively. In 1999, when minimum requirement at the Central level of over 2 crore and 1.5 crore, can have number of Ministers
following the British practice. Cabinet Atal Bihari Vajpayee became Prime whereas even the smaller States should only a maximum of seven and nine
Ministers are higher in rank and handle Minister, his COM had 74 Ministers. have a minimum of 12 Ministers. For Ministers respectively. The administration
large portfolios while MoS assist the However, the size of COM was becoming Union Territories of NCT of Delhi and of public order, police and land in Delhi is
Cabinet Ministers and work under them. unwieldy in some of the larger States. For Jammu & Kashmir ( J&K), the maximum not with the Delhi government. Similarly,
MoS with independent charge directly instance, in 2002 when Mayawati was the limit is 10% of the total strength of its public order and the police of Jammu and
reports to the Prime Minister for their Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, she had Assembly. Kashmir will not be with its government.
respective ministries. 79 Ministers. Nevertheless, considering the population
The National Commission to review the What are the issues? of these Union Territories, the 10% limit
What is the constitutional limit? working of the Constitution under the A thorny issue even after the limit on the for their COM may be reconsidered.
The first COM at the time of Chairmanship of Justice Venkatachaliah number of Ministers is the appointment Rangarajan R is a former IAS officer. He
independence had only 15 Ministers set up in February 2000, had suggested a of Parliamentary Secretaries in various currently trains civil-service aspirants.
headed by Prime Minister Jawaharlal ceiling of 10% of the total strength of Lok States. The office of Parliamentary Views expressed are personal.
What is SWM cess and why is

clearing open points and drains, THE GIST
preventing open littering, seasonal
changes in waste generation, and
sweeping operations. Additionally, the 쑽
it levied on waste generators?

disposal of non-compostable and The Bruhat Bengaluru
non-recyclable dry waste, such as Mahangara Palike’s decision to
single-use plastic, textile waste and inert levy a Solid Waste
materials, is expensive since the material Management cess of ₹100 per
needs to be shipped to cement factories household has sparked debate
How has the SWM cess fared so far and why has it hit the headlines suddenly? How has Bengaluru been or waste-to-energy projects located about and criticism among residents
400-500 km from cities. and stakeholders.
handling its solid waste management and what is about to change going forward? Large cities like Bangalore spend about
15% of their budget—about ₹1,643 crore 쑽
Pushkara S.V. charges on bulk waste generators to meet resource and labour-intensive and come out of ₹11,163 crore — whereas the revenue Offering SWM services is
a portion of the costs incurred in up to 85-90% of the SWM budget, from SWM services is almost negligible at complex and resource
The story so far: providing SWM services. whereas only about 10-15% is spent on ₹20 lakh per year. Smaller cities tend to intensive. The yield from waste
conversion is low and typically,
T
he Bruhat Bengaluru processing and disposal of waste. spend up to 50% of their budget but also
Mahangara Palike (BBMP) has What are the costs? end up with almost negligible revenue. operational revenue from
proposed a Solid Waste Offering SWM services is complex and What are the challenges? Hence, ULBs charge SWM cess to cover a waste processing facilities
Management (SWM) Cess of resource-intensive. ULBs typically deploy Solid waste generated in Indian cities portion of the costs. covers only about 35-40% of
₹100 per month for each household. about 80% of their manpower and up to consists of about 55-60% wet operational expenses, with the
rest subsidised by the Urban
While the proposal has sparked debate 50% of their annual budgets to provide biodegradable material and 40-45% What is the solution?
Local Bodies.
and criticism among residents and SWM services to city residents. non-biodegradable material. The portion Although collection and transportation of
stakeholders, it is important to In a city like Bangalore, an urban of recyclable material in the dry waste is waste generate no revenue, several 쑽
understand the rationale behind SWM resident generates about 0.6 kg of waste minimal, only about 1-2%, with the rest strategies can reduce overall expenditure
Large cities like Bangalore
cess, its intended use, and the broader per day, totalling 0.2 tonnes per person being mostly non-recyclable and on SWM and lower user charges. These spend about 15% of their
context of solid waste management per year. Overall, Bangalore generates non-biodegradable waste. Although 55% are segregation of waste at source, budget whereas the revenue
challenges faced by Urban Local Bodies about 5,000 tonnes of solid waste per of the wet waste can be converted into reducing single-use plastic, decentralised from SWM services, is almost
(ULBs) in India. day. Managing this volume of waste organic compost or biogas, the yield is as composting initiatives, Information, negligible at ₹20 lakh per year.
Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) levy user requires around 5,000 door-to-door low as 10-12%, making both composting Education and Awareness (IEC) to prevent Smaller cities tend to spend up
fees or SWM cess as per the provisions of waste collection vehicles, 600 and biogas generation from solid waste open littering, and asking bulk waste to 50% of their budget but also
Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016. compactors, and about 20,000 financially unviable. Typically, generators to process their own waste. end up with almost negligible
According to these guidelines, ULBs must Paurakarmikas. operational revenue from waste A balanced approach, combining revenue. Hence, ULBs charge
collect user fees/cess for SWM services SWM services comprise four processing facilities covers only about marginal user charges with efficient SWM cess to cover a portion of
provisions provided. ULBs typically components: collection, transportation, 35-40% of operational expenses, with the operations, could help make our cities the costs
charge about ₹30-50 per month as SWM processing and disposal. ULBs package rest subsidised by the ULB. cleaner.
cess, which is collected along with collection and transportation together, Apart from financial challenges, ULBs Pushkara S.V. works with the Indian
property tax. ULBs are now considering and processing and disposal together. face other challenges associated with Institute for Human Settlements,
revising these rates and imposing higher Collection and transportation are SWM services, such as extra work of Bengaluru.
CM M ND-NDE
YK
THE HINDU
Monday, June 17, 2024 9
Delhi
Text&Context
CACHE
Is Pakistan using a firewall to censor

social media platforms?
Pakistani media outlets reported that the country is deploying a Chinese-style firewall to block access to social media platforms; even those using
Virtual Private Networks (VPN) to access the Internet are likely to be hit by this firewall; however, Pakistan Information Minister denies reports
KNOW YOUR ENGLISH
‘Is prepone the

opposite of
postpone?’
“I’ve seen that unhappy look before. Did
you have another silly argument with
Sujatha?”
“Is it that obvious? I tell you, that
woman just drives me crazy.”
“What did the two of you argue about
this time? Was it about the recent
elections or was it…”
“It had nothing to do with politics. It
was about the word ‘prepone’. I argued
that the opposite of ‘postpone’ is
‘prepone’. She said that native speakers of
English do not use ‘prepone’. Tell me, is
she right or am I right?”
According to estimates from the digital privacy research group Top10VPN, Pakistan has shut down the Internet for 1,752 hours so far in 2024. AFP
“Well, for a change, both of you are
right! You see, we Indians coined the
Sahana Venugopal computer systems or home networks, education is disrupted, and healthcare down. India blocked access to the
word ‘prepone’. We use it quite a bit in
and even thwart cyber threats on specific institutions struggle to provide quality Internet 116 times in 2023, per a report
our country. It’s quite common to hear a
akistani media outlets reported websites. care. released by the Keep It On coalition.
P in the past week that the

country plans to implement a
Chinese-style firewall to block
users from accessing social media
platforms.
Though in recent times they are
associated with censorship by oppressive
governments, firewalls were meant to be
a security tool. In fact, if you look at the
settings of your personal computer, you
According to estimates from the digital
privacy research group Top10VPN,
Pakistan has shut down the Internet for
1,752 hours so far in 2024.
“Pakistan’s restrictions have been by
Has Pakistan blocked the Internet or
social media before?
Pakistan has frequently obstructed people
from accessing the Internet or specific
sentence like, the meeting was preponed
by a couple of hours.”
“We need to prepone the launch date
of our new product. It needs to be
launched at least a week before our
rival’s.”
Newspapers Pakistan Observer and will likely see options to set up firewalls of far the costliest election-related social media platforms over the course of
“That’s a good example! But the word
Daily Ausaf claim the government is ready your own with varying restriction levels. shutdown, costing $351 million,” noted more than a decade. Talks of a
is mostly used by us. Native speakers…”
to set up a ‘National Firewall’ to stop A firewall can be a physical device, or a the group in its report, adding that the Chinese-style national firewall in Pakistan
“Why don’t native speakers use it?
people from accessing X (formerly software-based tool. It depends on a economic cost of Internet shutdowns have been making rounds since around
After all, ‘prepone’ has been listed in
Twitter), Facebook, and YouTube. These specific user’s needs. worldwide last year was $9.13 billion. 2012, though not much verified data is
most standard dictionaries.”
outlets also noted that there are plans for At the other end of the spectrum, large A firewall might look like a viable available regarding the status of this
“That’s true. But the dictionaries make
filtering keywords to enforce the policy firewalls like the Great Firewall of China, alternative to authoritarian nation states project.
it very clear that it’s an example of Indian
and block unwanted content. Other for example, are highly complex who wish to replace a larger, free Internet In 2012, the country’s government
English!”
media reports claim even those using cybersecurity tools maintained at scale to with a controlled intra-net. However, blocked around 20,000 websites,
“You are right! Many dictionaries have
virtual private networks (VPNs) to access prevent people from accessing large setting up and maintaining a firewall is no including YouTube, as per a Pakistan
‘Indian’ or ‘Indian English’ within
the Internet would be hit by this digital sections of the Internet. That means easy task. Even for a small company, Telecommunication Authority (PTA)
brackets next to the word. So, what word
firewall. nation states can entirely stop citizens firewall implementation and maintenance official. In 2017, Jack Dorsey-led Twitter
do native speakers of English use instead
However, media outlet Samaa on June from accessing the most commonly used are expensive. The firewalls require posted on its Global Government Affairs
of ‘prepone’?”
10 quoted Pakistan’s Information Minister websites on the Internet — say social constant monitoring to thwart bad actors account that it was aware of reports that
“They use quite a few actually. One is
Atta Tarar as saying that no ‘Chinese-style media sites or information gathering and patch security vulnerabilities as soon the “Pakistani government has taken
‘advance’. The meeting was advanced to
firewall’ was being set up, though he did platforms. as they are detected. At a national level, action to block Twitter service, as well as
Monday.”
speak about the need to crack down on While VPNs or privacy browsers can this expenditure is much higher as a far other social media services.”
“Would it be possible to advance my
hate speech and misinformation. help disguise a user’s location, the greater number of people are looking to In the first two months of 2024 as
appointment to Friday?”
Such conflicting reports reveal the lack amount of friction in the process of trying bypass the restrictions. Pakistan prepared for its elections, the
“That’s a good example. Native
of clarity regarding the current status of to bypass a firewall puts off most people Firewalls also bring up antitrust government throttled access to Elon
speakers also use the expression ‘move
Pakistan’s potential firewall and its and repels those who lack technical skills concerns because they hurt competition. Musk-owned X for days on end. Internet
forward’. Tomorrow’s meeting has been
implementation. But, it must be noted and knowledge. Well-performing companies and service was also largely affected during
moved forward. We’ll be meeting at 10:00
that Pakistan does have a history of businesses that would normally gain more this time period. Activists protested the
a.m. instead of 3:00 p.m.”
curtailing people’s access to the Internet, How are people’s lives affected? users may be blocked and replaced by move, but government authorities
“I think Sneha is planning to move her
either through website or social media When used by nation-states, a firewall government-approved alternatives with attributed it to system upgrades.
wedding date forward.”
blocks. Some examples include a Twitter impedes activists, journalists, dissidents, lower privacy and service standards, “Pakistani authorities have already
“Good for her. Who is this Sneha that
block in 2017 that was flagged by the and regime critics from obtaining degrading the Internet user’s experience imposed multiple shutdowns that
you’re talking about? Do I know her?”
company itself, and Internet disruptions information critical of the government. even further. disrupted opposition activities during this
“She was my classmate. I don’t know if
earlier this year around the time of the Internet shutdowns and social media Adding to this, apps and services may election cycle. At least 11 Internet
you ever met her. She was tall…”
country’s elections. blocks also prevent governments or be combined for the authorities’ shutdowns were imposed during the last
“I don’t think I’ve met her. But for
military authorities from being held convenience instead of encouraging users election year of 2018, and the
some reason, her name rings a bell.”
How does a digital firewall work? accountable during periods of civil unrest to try out new and independent authoritarian use of shutdowns has only
“Rings a bell? What does the
Simply put, firewalls are security tools and violence. alternatives. The Great Firewall of China is emboldened through 2022, 2023, and
expression mean?”
that stop online traffic from reaching Whenever an Internet shutdown or a major example of this phenomenon. now 2024,” said digital rights advocacy
“When somebody says something, and
certain sites. They can prevent malicious block is suddenly implemented, the Both India and Pakistan have a record group Access Now, in a statement in
you respond by saying that it rings a bell,
actors from targeting individual users’ country’s citizens suffer a huge setback, of censoring the Internet or shutting it February.
what you are suggesting is that it sounds
familiar. What the person has said…”
“What the person has said reminds you
of something. It jogs your memory.”
S. Upendran
Please send in your answers to
THE DAILY QUIZ dailyquiz@thehindu.co.in
upendrankye@gmail.com
A quiz on the 80th anniversary of the foundation of the Republic of Iceland

Answers to the previous day’s quiz:
V. V. Ramanan X
1. White colour said to be achromatic because it
QUESTION #4
has no ___ Ans:-Hue
X Name the Icelandic saga that
2. When red, green, and blue are mixed on
QUESTION #1 is considered one of the
electronic screens, you get white. This process is
June 17 marks the end of greatest prose works of
called ___ Ans:- Additive mixing
Iceland’s centuries old ties medieval literature?
3. Name the carbonate mineral (or rock) with the
with which country? X
use of which paintings from the Palaeolithic ear
X QUESTION #5
were able to obtain white colour Ans:- Calcite or
QUESTION #2 The ‘Hakarl’, an Icelandic
chalk.
What is the Capital of national dish, is made using
4. Ancient Rome had two words to describe the
Iceland and what distinction the rotten meat of which
colour white: _____ and candidus. Ans:- Albus
does it hold as regards its marine animal that has been
5. Jainism has two branches. The names of the
location? cured with a fermentation
two branches are __________ and Digamber,
X process and hung to dry in an
which in Sanskrit mean “white clad” and “sky
QUESTION #3 open air shed.
clad”, respectively. Ans:- Shwetamber
Name the Icelandic X
6. Visual question: This man created Russia’s flag
parliament which is one of QUESTION #6
by reordering the colours of the Dutch flag, which
oldest surviving parliaments Which late American sporting
was the first national flag to feature white Ans:-
in the world, having been legend, who won the World
Peter the Great For feedback and suggestions for
founded in 930 at Pingvellir championship in his sport at
(’assembly fields’) and Reykjavik in 1972 but became Text & Context, please write to
situated approximately 45 a recluse, was granted an X Early Birds letters@thehindu.co.in
km close to its modern Icelandic citizenship in 2005? Visual question: If the colours white and blue in the Icelandic flag represent the Rajmohan V – C Saravanan – Jyot Prakash Gulati with the subject ‘Text & Context’
capital. snow and ocean, what does red represent? – Bharath Viswanathan – Abhinav Raj Satwat
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MONDAY - JUNE 17, 2024

The paradoxes of polarisation
In the Left-Right, Liberal-illiberal divide there is no room either for reasoning or facts or contexts
Fed’s flip-flops LINE&
LENGTH.
paradoxes. The Oxford dictionary
defines a paradox as “a situation, or
statement, with two or more parts that
Fed’s indecision poses challenges for central banks seem strange or impossible together.”
TCA SRINIVASA RAGHAVAN (This is different from a mathematical
paradox.)
I
fter adopting a distinctly dovish tone in its
A
n the last decade a word, never Some in-your-face paradoxes are
last two monetary policy meetings and before used with reference to given below. They provide stark
Indian politics, has become its examples of suspended judgment.
raising market hopes for an early start to the staple description: polarisation.
easing cycle, the US Federal Open Markets It was introduced by the THE LEFT AND RIGHT
Committee (FOMC) pulled back in its latest meeting Congress party along with another term, For the Left, for instance, the
‘echo chamber’. The BJP countered this application of laws that were introduced
on June 12. The policy statement showed that the with ‘ecosystem’, meaning the Congress by governments supported by it
FOMC is back to its indecisive avatar while keeping sympathisers. Mind bogglingly stupid amounts to suppression of dissent.
policy rates on hold. The statement noted the ‘solid’ polarisation is the result. Basically, the Left keeps saying that laws
The Cambridge dictionary defines must be applied only with its approval.
pace of expansion in the economy despite US GDP polarisation as “the act of dividing’ The Right, which when out of power
growth coming in at a two-year low of 1.6 per cent for something, especially something that thinks governments should not be in
the first quarter of 2024. contains different people or opinions, business, supports the public sector
into two completely opposing groups”. when a government supported by it
It noted ‘modest progress’ towards the 2 So Indian politics today is divided props it up with taxpayer money.
per cent inflation target despite signs of between those who are right wingers The Left, which thinks the Right is
even if they aren’t. Those who oppose undemocratic, sees nothing wrong with
cooling inflation. It mentioned strong job the right are left wingers even if they dynastic political parties which, while
gains and ‘low’ unemployment. Latest US aren’t. This is because Left and Right waxing eloquently on the virtues of
payrolls data showed high job additions of aren’t defined. democracy, murder it in their own
2,72,000 jobs in May, but a spike in the But in India these terms have become parties and for the citizens as well when
an approximate code for pro- or they are in power.
unemployment rate to the critical 4 per cent anti-Muslim. Indeed, many don’t even The Right, which says caste politics is
mark, a two-year high. Signs of a slowing know the difference between a religion bad for the country, sees nothing wrong
economy and a below-forecast CPI print of and its practitioners. in espousing unrestrained communal
3.3 per cent, had led markets to budget for Within that Left-Right division is a politics; and the Left, which believes
subdivision: liberal and illiberal. A right that caste politics is an abomination,
the Fed to cut rates as early as July and pencil winger is illiberal and a left winger is indulges in it enthusiastically.
in two-three rate cuts for the rest of 2024. liberal even though the evidence doesn’t Even the media is guilty. There are
However, the much-awaited dot-plot, where support this categorisation. editors and publishers who demand free
FOMC members share their rate And this is where we run into what I speech but only for themselves. TV
projections, has now forecast only one rate call the ‘paradoxes of polarisation’. It channels, X and YouTube are full of
affects the intellectual class most, on these Januses. Taboo topics are only for
cut for 2024. The statement this time also both sides. others. The right to call opponents
saw no mention of the Fed’s plan to slow its The biggest paradox is that liberals on names is ok if you do it but is utterly
pace of quantitative tightening, clearly both sides have become completely horrible when the other side does it.
outlined in the previous meeting, leaving illiberal, closing their minds totally to Likewise, as long as the courts give
any view other than theirs. Facts, or judgments that you approve of, they are
markets confused. other peoples’ informed opinions, don’t independent. But if they don’t, they are
US commentators have been increasingly matter to them. The driving force is pure either government pets or completely
arguing that early rate cuts may be necessary prejudice uninformed by even the
When in power, the Left and Right parties behave in a similar manner ANI
divorced from Indian realities.
for the country to achieve a soft landing. The slightest modicum of fairness. Exactly the same is true in respect of
It’s like the Black Panthers formula: what we call, wrongly in my view,
prop to consumer spending from excess “if you believe in the solution join us; if or said. It has also led to another new weakening an argument. It’s very institutions. A government department
savings amassed during Covid are already you’re the problem ‘we will take care of term: whataboutery. Everyone counters effective because it takes the moral is not and cannot be an institution. TT
waning. US housing starts have seen sharp you’.” everything by saying “but what about sheen of polarised criticism. Krishnamachari who described the RBI
declines from February as mortgage rates All these people are otherwise highly that?” I must admit I too am guilty of What’s more X, formerly Twitter, has as such was absolutely right.
upwards of 7 per cent have deterred buyers. intelligent and well educated. But they this because it’s an easy and lazy way of allowed everyone to contest everything I can go on and on but the point is
believe that a view is correct merely without reference to context. The clear. Polarisation of intellect has
A letter to the Fed by US lawmakers, urging because it’s they who hold it. The Latin opposite of this is ignoring context resulted in the Left and the Right
rate cuts in this meeting, pointed out that expression for this is ipse dixit which Polarisation of intellect altogether. Everyone is guilty of this. converging in their follies. What worse
high interest rates were feeding into shelter means “because I say so”. The IT cells of political parties are fate can befall a society?
costs and ironically propping up the very This has left no room either for has resulted in the Left revelling in it. I am reminded of a 1962 song by
CPI that the Fed was trying to quell. Shelter
reasoning or facts or contexts. It has and the Right converging Kishore Kumar. “Cheel Chillaa Ke Kajri
therefore led to everything being judged THE PARADOXES Sunaaye… Kauvaa Bhi Dholak Bajaaye.
costs in the US make up about a third of the and condemned on the basis of who is in their follies. What worse This sort of implacable opposition to Arrey, Vaah Vaah Vaah, Arrey, Vaah
CPI. These indicators also suggest that the doing or saying it, not what is being done fate can befall a society? each other has resulted in many Vaah Vaah.”
US Fed, by delaying its rate cuts too much,
could put the US economy at risk of a sharp
slowdown, undermining global growth
State governments maintain capex pace in FY24

prospects.
The Fed’s flip-flops also make it not just
expedient, but necessary for other central
banks to decouple their rate actions from
the US. The European Central Bank, Bank of The States’ revenue deficit was curtailed despite moderate revenue receipts. But the higher fiscal deficit was capex-driven
Canada, People’s Bank of China et al have additional ₹250 billion as tax devolution increasing its OD utilisation by 66 days.
already gone ahead with rate easing policies. Aditi Nayar in March 2024. This was in excess of ₹11 The reported cut in the net borrowing
After the recent monetary policy meeting, trillion included by the Centre in the ceiling of Kerala in FY2024 and drop in
A
few themes stand out while revised estimates of FY2024. 15th FC recommended revenue deficit
the Reserve Bank of India Governor parsing through the provisional grant to Kerala in that fiscal may have
explicitly stated that he was not in the game data on FY2024 fiscal indicators REVENUE SPENDING SLOWS tightened the liquidity position.
of ‘Follow the Fed’ and would calibrate of the State governments and their use of States’ overall moderate growth in the Punjab, which did not utilise the WMA
India’s monetary policy to local conditions. RBI’s liquidity facilities. revenue receipts in FY2024 was mirrored and OD window during FY2022-23,
However, the RBI is sure to be aware that it One, lower grants dampened the in their revenue spending, which saw a accessed it for 105 days and 16 days,
growth of aggregate revenue receipts of limited YoY rise of 7 per cent. With this, respectively, in FY2024. This could have
would involve trade-offs on capital flows and the State governments, but a disciplined the State governments’ revenue deficit been a fall out of lower grants (revenue
the exchange rate, given that US remains the rise in the revenue expenditure allowed was pared to ₹887 billion in FY2024 PA deficit and GST compensation grants).
largest contributor of foreign portfolio flows the momentum of growth of capital from ₹938 billion in FY2023. However, HEALTHY SIGN. Robust capex REUTERS AP, Telangana and Jammu and
to emerging markets such as India. The spending to be maintained. the rise in the capital spending led to the Kashmir accessed funds under the WMA
However, some States tapped into widening of the fiscal deficit of the 23 window and OD for extended periods of
unexpected election verdict and higher RBI’s iquidity facilities more frequently States to ₹8.4 trillion in FY2024 PA from FY2024, was incurred in H1 FY2024 time in FY2024.
foreign investor participation in Indian in FY2024 than in FY2023, hinting at a ₹7.2 trillion in FY2023. compared to 26-35 per cent in the recent Going forward, a higher tax devolution
bonds starting this month, will make this tight cash-flow position. On the capital spending side, the 23 years. The upfronting of capital spending in the final FY2025 Union Budget relative
balancing act harder. The combined revenue receipts of the States were able to maintain the pace of appears to have benefited from the early to the ₹12.2 trillion included in the
23 States governments (excluding 20-24 per cent YoY expansion in FY2024, disbursals of funds by the Centre to the Interim Budget could boost the resource
Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, Manipur, in line with the trend in recent years. States under the interest-free capex loan availability of the state governments for
Mizoram and Sikkim) rose by 7.4 per cent While several States saw a healthy rise in scheme. capital spending. The Centre has already
as per the provisional actuals (PA) for their capital spending, Punjab’s capital The Centrehad modified the stepped-up the tax devolution in June
OTHER VOICES. FY2024 published by the Comptroller spending declined sharply by 36 per ccent guidelines for availing the funds under 2024 to ₹1.4 trillion from ₹699 billion
General of India. in FY2024 PA. Possibly, the cessation of the capex loan for FY2024, to encourage each in April-May 2024.
This was the slowest pace of YoY the GST compensation grants has dented less back-ended utilisation. Notably, Additionally, the Centre may enhance
revenue growth recorded by the States the Punjab’s revenue receipts more Andhra Pradesh (AP), Kerala and Punjab the allocation of the capex loan scheme in
since the Covid-induced contraction in deeply than the other States. Punjab had not availed the capex loan until the FY2025 final Budget. Nevertheless, a
FY2021. A key culprit was the sharp 22 suffered a permanent loss of revenues on January 2024 as they had not fulfilled the larger number of States would need to
The center holds as Europe’s far right surges per cent YoY decline in grants from the certain items, on which it used to levy required conditions. fulfil the conditions necessary for
The far right appears to be the winner of the just held European Centre in FY2024, as both GST agricultural cesses/fees prior to the GST Interestingly, some States tapped the availing the funds under the latter in
parliamentary elections. While the conservative center continues to compensation grants and Finance regime, which is no longer permitted. Ways and Means Advances (WMA) and FY2025, to reduce their reliance on the
control European Union institutions, a surge in support among more Commission (FC) grants were lower Encouragingly, the pattern of States’ RBI’s overdraft (OD) facility more WMA and/or OD facilities.
extreme elements of the right has alarm bells ringing. Populism is on the from the year-ago level. quarterly capital spending became less frequently in FY2024 compared to
rise in Europe — as it is elsewhere in the world — and leaders are However, States received a pleasant back-ended in FY2024. Nearly 39 per FY2023. Kerala used the WMA for 126 The writer is Chief Economist, Head- Research & Outreach,
struggling with ways to mute its impact. For much of the world, the windfall in the form of the release of an cent of the total capital spending in days more in FY2024 over FY2023 while ICRA
results will have limited effect. There appears to be growing fatigue with
the war in Ukraine, but there is no indication of a readiness to abandon
that fight. Nor is there evidence of a willingness to accommodate China
as it seeks to expand its influence. Europe will continue to resist Beijing’s
pressure and predation. Japan should welcome both outcomes. TOKYO, JUNE BELOW THE LINE
16
two MoS – one for revenue, become the epicentre of political Modi's surprising plug for India's parties — TDP, YSRCP, BJP and
expenditure etc. and second for manoeuvring. With BJP having to electronic voting machines (EVMs) Congress. So irrespective of who is in
financial services, disinvestment etc. rely on allies TDP and JD(U), the — hailing them for their “impartiality power the family ties hopefully will
Now, all the six departments Speaker's role is crucial. TDP, eyeing and transparency” — turned heads. remain strong!
(Revenue, Expenditure, Economic the post, sees it as a safeguard This praise comes amidst ongoing MTNL: Future uncertain
Keir Starmer’s plans could face a long haul Affairs, Financial Services, against potential BJP-engineered Opposition allegations of election Public sector companies have
At the Conservative manifesto launch on Tuesday, Rishi Sunak offered a selection Investment & Public Asset defections. rigging through EVMs. Political hogged the limelight after the
of gimmicks not a strategy, and a compendium of uncosted promises instead of a Management and Public Enterprises) The Speaker’s power to decide on observers wonder whether Modi's Modi-led NDA won a third term.
plan. The result was a slapdash manifesto, with large areas of government Pankaj Chaudhary, will be taken care by one MoS, Pankaj disqualification issues makes this victory speech was a celebration of However, the one which is standing
responsibility almost wholly ignored. It offered the same old prejudices and the MoS, Finance ANI Chaudhary. election a battleground. BJP is democracy or a rebuttal to his out is Mahanagar Telephone Nigam.
same old policy reflexes to the same old audience. Sir Keir Starmer’s Labour Even before taking charge, pushing for its candidate, while TDP critics? The once sought-after telco has
manifesto launch in Manchester on Thursday could hardly have been more MoS’s ‘transfer’ worries Chaudhary got number of calls for demands the role as their price for All in the family? registered a net loss of ₹3,302 crore
different. A party that looked into the electoral abyss in 2019 now stands on the The Finance Ministry, under NDA 3.0 transfer and posting for bank staff. support. The outcome will shape the Andhra Pradesh Assembly elections on a topline of ₹728 crore in FY23
threshold of government – and it showed. Labour has raised its game, and the has just one Minister of State. Given He later admitted the calls are set to balance of power and the future of were much in news for the political and its net loss was ₹818 crore on
manifesto rollout was optimistic and professional.Sir Keir’s speech was almost the task on hand one would think his rise. However, he must be relieved the coalition. shift it saw. Though elections usually revenue of ₹193 crore in the March
painfully aware of how much is at stake. Everything was part of a plan for renewal. hands will be full. And his hands were that there were not many transfer EVMs at G7 have one winner, this time there quarter.Interestingly, the PSU’s stock
No area of policy was left out. There were no surprises. It was all very thorough, full on Day One itself, but not with requests from tax personnel. Despite the conclusion of elections, seems to be two families winning — is traded at ₹42 a piece. Only
conscientious and, in its way, impressive. The contrast between Mr Sunak’s regular files or official work. Speaker Showdown Prime Minister Narendra Modi still the NTR family and YS Rajasekhara investors buying the stock seem to
desperate insouciance and Sir Keir’s unmistakable gravity suggests that each is It was related with transfers and In the high-stakes arena of the Lok seems to be on campaign mode. At Reddy family. know about the company’s future.
well aware where they will be a month from now. LONDON, JUNE 15 postings. Earlier, there used to be Sabha, the Speaker's post has the G7 outreach summit in Italy, These two families have a foot in all Our Bureaus
Published by Nirmala Lakshman and Printed by Praveen Someshwar at HT Media Ltd. Plot No.8, Udyog Vihar, Greater Noida Distt. Gautam Budh Nagar, U.P.201306, on behalf of THG PUBLISHING PVT. LTD. Chennai-600002. Editor: Raghuvir Srinivasan (Editor responsible for selection of news under the PRP Act). ISSN 0971 - 7528
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Healing careers
How ‘Deshbhakti’ drives these women
A case for trade liberalisation
BOOK EXTRACT. A collection of articles that traces India’s bumpy journey on the global trade highway, amidst changing trade patterns
E
xcerpts from the book
Conversations with the government’s decision to support West’s attempts at including non-trade
Career Doctor, by Saundarya BOOK REVIEW. MSMEs and curb imports. Instead of or “Singapore issues” like labour, trade
Rajesh, Founder – President, Avtar appointing a panel to curb imports, facilitation and environment and India’s
Group. B Baskar Panagariya feels it would be a better idea valiant and pragmatic attempts to keep
We are on the fifth and topmost to have a panel to boost exports. these issues out and focus only on the
I
floor of the Ramada Raj Park, a n a world that is ‘de-globalising’, In an article written in 2017, trade issues are brought out by
humble hotel on TTK Road, one of where trade blocs are rapidly Panagariya criticizes the ‘Make in India’ Panagariya in these articles.
the oldest localities in Chennai. … gaining ground and trade wars policy arguing that along with reducing Of course India had to cop a lot of
It’s a large vacant hall and we have Title: Conversations with the are imminent, it takes a brave imports, this policy will also reduce criticism in the Western press for its
separated it into two parts: a row of Career Doctor: Women Thriving economist to advocate free trade exports and hurt the competitiveness of “obstructionist” attitude, but on the
interview booths and an area and tariff cuts. Arvind Panagariya, Indian industry. It would be interesting whole Panagariya gives credit to the
cordoned off for group discussions. and Winning at Work Professor at Columbia University, the to see what Panagariya would have to Indian negotiators of that era for
… The process is to start at 9.30 Author: Saundarya Rajesh first NITI Aayog Chairman and now the say on the government’s flagship keeping the focus on India’s core
a.m. The year is 2006 and it is the Publisher: Penguin Business Chairman of the 16th Finance industrial policy – the PLI scheme. But interests, though he does on occasion
humid month of July. ‘We’ are Commission, does that in his book sadly there is no article in this collection wishes there was greater flexibility by
Team Avtar and something historic Price: ₹235 ‘India’s Trade Policy: 1990s and on this crucial policy issue on which a lot India.
was about to happen. Beyond’. of funds and policy focus have been Agriculture subsidies is another
Avtar was started in December More women in the workforce This book is a collection of articles accorded. bugbear that Panagariya talks about and
2000 as a talent strategy consulting pushes the entire country towards that Panagariya wrote in Indian Interestingly, in an article written way here the US (which has a comparative
firm with the primary goal of social and economic newspapers and magazines over the last back in 1989, Panagariya calls for trade Title: India’s Trade Policy: The 1990s advantage) and the EU (which is lacking
providing India Inc. with empowerment. … So, the next time three decades. Though there is an liberalization but seems cautious on in comparative advantage) were often
exceptional female talent. After you doubt your decision to pursue attempt to organize them thematically, easing rules on foreign investments. In a and Beyond adversaries. Interestingly there seems
five years of intense effort, we had a career, remind yourself that you it suffers from repetition, something series of articles on India-US trade Author: Arvind Panagariya to be a healthy bi-partisanship in India’s
managed a breakthrough. A large are not being selfish — you are common to collection of articles. relations, Panagariya calls out some of Publisher: Harper Business stance where the Vajpayee’s NDA
multinational bank was ready to being patriotic! The articles are bunched in 10 parts the US’s unfair moves on Super 301 and government and Manmohan Singh’s
experiment with hiring But if women’s participation in ranging from trade policy, trade H-1B visa, which the Indian IT sector Price: ₹599 UPA government converged on trade
second-career women for the very the workforce is a win-win for relations with US and China and the feels targets them unfairly. Donald ABOUT THE AUTHOR issues. Though Panagariya does not
first time. … everyone, why is India still WTO and the various rounds of Trump’s tariff hikes in 2019 and India’s Arvind Panagariya is a Professor of specifically mention this, it comes
It is 9.30 a.m. and we don’t have grappling with abysmal women’s negotiations held under it – Seattle, measured response to it finds mention through clearly in the articles.
a single candidate as yet. … We are workforce participation numbers? Doha, Cancun, FTAs and the future of in one of the articles. Economics at Columbia University. The hollowness of the West’s pious
getting desperate. … At that … We, as a society, still believe that global trade. If Trump returns to the Oval office, He was the first Vice-Chairman of the incantations on labour issue is called out
moment, the intercom buzzes. I childcare is the primary In the first four parts, issues relating the world will have to brace itself of NITI Aayog and has been recently by Panagariya. He argues that far from
pick it up, my hands clammy. It is responsibility of mothers. … to India’ trade policy over the years is more such tariff hikes. caring for the rights of developing
from the front desk. ‘Madam, how Women are reinforcers of these discussed. Panagariya fervently On India’s testy trade relationship appointed Chairman of the 16th countries’ workers, the West fears more
can we send all these women up in gender norms too. … And what advocates tariff cuts and free trade and with China, we can discern a clear shift Finance Commission. the competition from the developing
one lift?’ she demands. All of us run becomes of these women who firmly believes in the benefits of a in Panagariya’s stance. The articles world.
to the window. … pause their careers in their prime rapidly globalising world economy. written 10-15 years ago call for deeper In a world that has clearly lost its
A glorious sight awaited us. The years? Childcare and housework Many of these articles were written in trade engagement with China despite and multilateral trade negotiations’, appetite for a rules-based global trading
road was filled with women — at consume them. … After an 1990s and early noughties and the issues the growing imbalance. But which is perhaps the meatiest part of the system, there is a question mark hanging
least 500 of them, standing in a extended break, when they long to and policy prescriptions reflect the post-Galwan, the author is wary of book. A couple of these articles are over the future of the WTO. Though
serpentine queue, quietly and get back to work, they find flavour of those times. China and advocates a strategy of co-authored with Jagdish Bhagwati. Panagariya calls on the developing
intently, but impatient to board the themselves grappling with skill He is a passionate opponent of that “decoupling”. He favours signing free Unfortunately given that the WTO is a world to resurrect the WTO’s fortunes,
elevator to a second career! … The gaps and feelings of isolation and favourite instrument of policymakers – trade pacts, especially with the US, EU shambles now many of the issues dealt in a world fast moving towards bilateral
team from the bank met over 200 self-doubt. … anti-dumping duty. In a couple of and other like-minded countries to in this section may seem dated now. trade pacts and plurilateral trade blocs,
women for the final and ended up But trust me, a starkly different articles written in 2018, he frowns on counter China’s economic heft. Panagariya comments on India’s the WTO’s future looks bleak.
hiring over 148 of them. … And that path is possible for second-career the government’s decision to raise stance on the various rounds of WTO This book will be of interest to those
was the official launch of India’s women and Avtar’s work in the tariffs and the return to protection. WTO AND ITS DISCONTENTS that took place in Singapore, Seattle, looking for a quick read on India’s trade
first-ever career re-entry field of women’s workforce Panagariya is clearly not a fan of the There are 15 articles in the section ‘India Doha, Cancun, and Hong Kong. The journey over the last three decades.
programme! participation clearly proves this
But this chapter is not about point. Avtar has worked with over
that. It is about an amazing 500 organizations to help them
conversation that I had with Hema,
an MCom graduate and mother of
achieve gender diversity and assist
them in fostering a supportive
NEW READS.
two who taught neighbourhood environment for women. …
children how to play the veena. … Through myavtar.com, India’s first Title: Design Your Title: Lazzatnama: Fallout: Power, Intrigue
After brilliant results in her school diversity portal, Avtar has enabled Career: Lead Self, Lead Recipes of India and Political Upheaval in
final, Hema wanted to become a over 1,00,000 women to pursue Others, Lead Change Pakistan
banker. … But her parents had fulfilling careers. … Author: Pushpesh Pant
other plans. They found a suitable While we are incredibly happy Author: Pavan Soni Author: Salman Masood
match for her and convinced her to with what we have achieved to Publisher: Rupa
get married. Life took over. The date, we know that we are still far
next two decades sped by. … from our goal. … Until every Publisher: Penguin Publication Publisher: Penguin
When I asked her why she had woman out there is able to dream Business
applied, she replied (in Tamil): without bounds and pursue those With recipes spanning The book delves into
‘Desabhakti, ma’am, patriotism! professional dreams fearlessly and The book is the the length and breadth the tumultuous journey
My family has a sufficient income, unapologetically, Avtar’s work will distillation of the of India, the book of Imran Khan’s
so it is not money that makes me continue. And when a woman asks author’s 550 workshops captures the diverse transition from a
want to work. I want to contribute me how she can keep the passion at over 175 culinary landscape of a tenacious opposition
to my nation’s development. I want for her career and profession alive, organisations across country rich in leader to the prime
to build my country!’ … I was I simply reply, ‘Desabhakti!
five countries exemplary cuisines minister of Pakistan
thrilled. This was such an
incredible reason why Indian Excerpted with permission from Penguin
women must pursue careers. … Random House India’
thehindu businessline. Short take
TWENTY YEARS AGO TODAY.

June 17, 2004
Potential of Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission
TCS proceeds to fund mainly telecom: Irani Much like UPI, the aim here is to the tracking and identification of every transitioning to a digital era where all
Tata Sons will plough back a majority of the proceeds from initial shares sale of Abhinav Lal improve affordability and accessibility transaction within the healthcare healthcare data will be digitised, paving
Tata Consultancy Services to its telecom company Tata Telecom, the Tata Sons of healthcare by making it truly system. the way for innovative use cases, such as
Director, Mr J.J. Irani, has said. Telecom, along with software, steel and
S
ince its launch by the National inclusive and easy to use. Interoperability: The Unified Health quick insurance issuance and payout.
automobiles, which have been identified as future growth triggers for the Payments Corporation of India But can ABDM be UPI’s equivalent in Interface (UHI) under ABDM plays a Much like UPI, ABDM is also working
Tatas, will draw a majority of future investments, he added. (NPCI) in 2016, UPI has been healthcare? pivotal role in solving the problem of on leveraging digital technology to
focused on improving accessibility and The potential for ABDM, as of today, interoperability. It enables patients to streamline processes, enhance
Fillip likely for Mumbai, Delhi airport revamp simplifying the process of transferring is in its capacity to address three critical use various apps to access healthcare accessibility, and improve efficiency in
The Government move to reconstitute the empowered Group of Ministers funds. principles just like UPI did when it was professionals and institutions listed on one of our most critical sectors. It
(e-GoM) in the next couple of days is likely to see the proposed modernisation Taking a cue from UPI, India’s launched—Identity, Interoperability, different platforms. This means a empowers patients with improved
and restructuring of Delhi and Mumbai airports getting a fillip. Sources healthcare is on its way to replicate a and Data. patient using one healthcare app can access to quality care, particularly in
indicated that the e-GoM will have to take a view on a number of important similar revolution in the country Identity: ABDM has introduced access a doctor registered on another marginalised areas. ABDM will be a
issues including the decision of the Ministry of Civil Aviation to cap the foreign through the Ayushman Bharat Digital unique identifiers, such as ABHA app, ehnacing ease and efficiency. game-changer for digital healthcare. It
direct investment (FDI) ceiling of parties bidding for the modernisation of the Mission (ABDM). ABDM aims to (Ayushman Bharat Health Account) ID Data: Just as UPI reduced cash has the potential to address the
two metro airports at 49 per cent. interconnect different stakeholders in for consumers, HPR (Healthcare transactions and enabled end-to-end challenges of identity, interoperability,
healthcare like patients, doctors, Professionals Registry) ID, and HFR tracking of financial transactions, reduce data fragmentation and ensure
Montek is Plan panel Deputy chairman hospitals, policy makers and so on to (Health Facility Registry) ID for ABDM is leading the way in digitising seamless health care delivery.
The Prime Minister has reconstituted the Planning Commission with Mr facilitate the best quality of care for providers. These unique identifiers healthcare data. With government
Montek Singh Ahluwalia as Deputy Chairman. patients. create a robust identity layer, allowing incentivisation, the healthcare sector is The writer is Co-founder, Practo
BL TWO-WAY CROSSWORD 2462 EASY NOT SO EASY

ACROSS DOWN ACROSS DOWN
01. Old firearm (9) 01. Treat with insincere praise (7) 01. Bit of lighter hair for an old gun (9) 01. Utter praise without meaning it to be less up-and-down (7)
05. Coal-carrier (3) 02. Bury (5) 05. Which person started to discover the carrier? (3) 02. Between being classical, put one in the ground (5)
07. Takes part (4) 03. Source (6) 07. Does something, and is on the stage (4) 03. Where it comes from is alternative to one with spirit (6)
08. Young wild cats (4,4) 04. Monarch (4) 08. They may grow up to be a roaring success (4,4) 04. Top man would be looking mischievous after victory (4)
10. Flee (4,4) 05. Visited as ghost (7) 10. Twist cue, then run (4,4) 05. Made a ghostly appearance as he'd embraced
11. Remain (4) 06. With a film of dirt (5) 11. Wait for a prop (4) mother's sister (7)
13. Take away (6) 09. Cooking, heating apparatus (5) 13. Sappers make shift to take it away (6) 06. With a film of the French pig-pen (5)
15. Haphazard (6) 12. Social function (5) 15. Managed not to complete the dome, being uncontrolled 09. Broke in a cooking apparatus (5)
18. Skin of tree (4) 14. Irregularly mottled and streaked (7) (6) 12. Piece at the end of the day with a convivial get-together (5)
19. Perpendicular (8) 16. Dairy roundsman (7) 18. Canine sound around a tree (4) 14. Creature turned up and lost blood, marked
22. Blameworthy (8) 17. Four-wheeled carriage, hooded seat 19. Make it clear that after five it could be straight up (8) like the paper (7)
23. Steering-gear (4) behind (6) 22. Copper putting wrong label round parking sign should 16. A many-bottle-a-day chap, but he takes back the empties (7)
24. Dip one's head (3) 18. Cured pig flesh (5) be blamed (8) 17. Irving was capital where Nazis were concerned (6)
25. Lady related (9) 20. The elite (5) 23. It gives one directions at sea and ends British tree (4) 18. Almost get back on the side, perhaps (5)
21. Promenade (4) 24. Show one agrees to absence of old coppers (3) 20. The very best stuff around the East (5)
25. She, being in the family, may know man is wrong (9) 21. Take steps to seek lawful return in part (4)
SOLUTION: BL TWO-WAY CROSSWORD 2461

ACROSS 1. Surely 4. Tropic 9. Pancake 10. Gusto 11. Rows 12. Four 13. She 15. Yoke 16. Gulp 19. Tap 21. Pelt 22. Soda 24. Olive 25. Furnish 26. Stress 27. Endear DOWN 1. Superstitious 2. Runaway 3.
Lean 5. Rigorous 6. Poses 7. Choreographer 8. Lemon 14. Skippers 17. Provide 18. Cliff 20. Prior 23. Bran
CM
YK ... . . . . . . ND-NDE
>
OPINION 9
STAY INFORMED THROUGH THE DAY @ WWW.BUSINESS-STANDARD.COM
Volume XXXI Number 52

NEW DELHI | MONDAY, 17 JUNE 2024
Apulian interlude Return of ‘coalition dharma’

Mr Modi hit the right notes Allies are newly empowered, but need not stand in the way of reform
ILLUSTRATION: AJAY MOHANTY
F
our days after being sworn in as Prime Minister for a third time, Narendra component in supply chains onshore. His criticism
Modi travelled to Italy to attend the 50th G7 summit. India was one of 12 is, however, a taste of how coalition governments
can and should operate. How many years has it
countries and five organisations invited to the G7’s outreach programme
been since we heard a minister criticise, with sound
in Fasano, in the Apulia region, situated on the heel of Italy. In terms of reasons, government policy?
tonality, Mr Modi appeared to have hit the right notes. His visit took place a week More discussion of government initiatives in the
after the European Union’s own massive elections, the largest exercise after India’s, open will not be a bad thing. If anything, the past
and ahead of consequential elections for several G7 leaders — the United States, decade has been something of a disappointment
France, and the UK. Indeed, the longest section of Mr Modi’s speech dwelt on the when it comes to such initiatives. If you think back
impressive logistics involved in conducting the Indian elections, which he to 2014, much of the relief surrounding Mr Modi’s
described as “the biggest festival of democracy in the world”. Technology accounted first election was precisely to do with the fact that
India had a majority government after a quarter cen-
for the second-largest portion of his speech, focusing on the importance of tech-
tury. Too much reform had been held back, so the
nology access to make the world a more equitable, democratic place and under- thinking went, because of “coalition dharma”. Every
lining the need to make technology “creative and not destructive”. ministry had turned into a blocker, and the Prime
His call to end tech monopolies as a founding member and lead chair of the Minister’s Office (PMO) was not powerful enough
Global Partnership for Artificial Intelligence (AI) sits well with the current mood to push things through.
of governments across the world — especially in Europe — as they challenge the Certainly, the mechanics of this process changed.
power of Big Tech. His appeal for heralding a “Green Era” is also apt, indirectly The PMO became far more powerful under Mr Modi,
highlighting for the world’s richest and most powerful nations the need for higher and secretaries in ministries were empowered to
T
levels of funding of mitigation and adaptation by the world’s poorest countries he biggest takeaway from the last month Jat leader Jayant Chaudhary. Mr Chaudhary’s par- speak directly to the centre of power.
appears to be that Indian policy making is ty as recently as two and a half years ago had no But, in effect, the quality of legislation was neither
that face the brunt of climate change. He did not fail to mention that India was
back in the age of coalitions. So far, the elected representatives at all, whether at the Union improved nor speeded up. Labour law, for example,
among the first countries to fulfil its commitments under COP (Conference of National Democratic Alliance’s (NDA’s) pivotal con- or the state level. Partly thanks to his ability to still took far too long to rewrite, made too few
Parties) ahead of time. Perhaps his most direct message to the G7 was on the stituents — the Telugu Desam Party (TDP) of N curb dissatisfaction among young people in the changes — and the four new labour codes are yet to
Global South, the leadership of which India has sought to assume, especially by Chandrababu Naidu and the Janata Dal (United) of areas around the national capital, he has now risen be properly passed and implemented. The hope that
making Africa a permanent member of the G20 during the New Delhi summit Nitish Kumar — have largely laid low and made few to considerable responsibility. It is uncertain controversial reform, such as land acquisition, could
last year. As he rightly pointed out, it is the Global South that is “bearing the demands of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The whether him being assigned this ministry is a sign be swiftly passed was dashed early on when the
brunt of global uncertainties and tensions”, an oblique reference to the continuing Prime Minister has chosen to emphasise continuity that the BJP’s leadership trusts his efficiency more Prime Minister himself retreated on it after pressure
war in Gaza. in governance by reappointing than it does those of its other allies, from the Opposition. Meanwhile, the quality of pro-
much of his Cabinet. But it is far or that unfortunately skill devel- posed Bills — such as the new criminal codes — suf-
In terms of diplomacy, the gains were mixed. With Indo-US tensions having
from certain how long this honey- opment remains a low priority for fered because there was inadequate discussion in
cooled since the G20 summit, there was a brief handshake with President Joe
moon will continue. this government. public, across departments, and in the Cabinet of
Biden but no formal meeting, which was explained by officials as an inability to The ministries allocated to the But the fear nevertheless will be their usefulness.
coordinate calendars. A handshake with Justin Trudeau, with whom tensions coalition partners may be of inter- that coalition allies, protecting their There is a distinct possibility, therefore, that this
have been running high over the murder of Khalistani terrorist Hardeep Singh est. The TDP has been assigned that turf, will play blocker for broader new coalition age will be as productive as the last
Nijjar on Canadian soil, also suggested that the dialogue between the two countries old mainstay for “allies”, the government-wide policy. Suppose, decade if not more. The largest constituent of the
was alive. Later the Canadian Prime Minister talked about a commitment to col- Ministry of Civil Aviation. for example, the Ministries of NDA other than the BJP, Mr Naidu’s TDP, after all
laborate on addressing some “very important issues”. A meeting with Ukraine’s Interestingly, the Ministry of Finance and Environment together has a reputation for being a forward-looking party
embattled President Volodymyr Zelenskyy just before the Swiss Peace Conference Railways — usually much in can come to some agreement on when it comes to reform and growth. Mr Kumar of
got underway near Lake Lucerne enabled Mr Modi to underline India’s preferred
demand — remains with the former
civil servant Ashwini Vaishnaw.
POLICY RULES what domestic carbon pricing would
look like. Will the minister of steel
the JD(U) has built his reputation on competent
administration. Both of these may need to be given
position of finding a resolution to the war with Russia through “dialogue and Other ministries granted to the con- MIHIR S SHARMA and heavy industry, H D specific fiscal concessions, which make the task of
diplomacy”. India sent a high-level delegation from the Ministry of External stituent parties include the Ministry Kumaraswamy of the Janata Dal fiscal consolidation harder — but may not stand in
Affairs. The most concrete gain for India was perhaps a commitment by the G7 to for Panchayati Raj, for fisheries and animal hus- (Secular), play along? Or will he seek to block any the way of progressive change.
promote India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEEC), which was bandry, for steel and heavy industry, for food pro- changes that his bureaucrats tell him might reduce It is also worth noting that the BJP’s numbers in
announced on the sidelines of the G20 summit last year, though that remains cessing, for small and medium enterprises, for skill the profits and revenue of the big steel companies, this government are almost the same as those
contingent on a solution to the Israel-Hamas war. As a starting point to Mr Modi’s development, and for traditional healthcare systems. both public and private? enjoyed by the Congress under P V Narasimha Rao
third term, the G7 meeting proved a fortuitous global stage. On the one hand, none of these might immedi- Mr Kumaraswamy has already made headlines when the reform process was kicked off in 1991. As
ately strike one as major policymaking ministries. for questioning the scale of the subsidy that the gov- before, the only constraints on the Prime Minister’s
Those have been retained with the ruling Bharatiya ernment has set aside for semiconductor fabrication. actions are internal, not external. They come from
Increasing adoption Janata Party (BJP). Some of them have a major rural
or “rurban” focus, such as food processing, making
them useful vehicles for patronage. Others have a
His criticism — that every job created in Gujarat
under the semiconductor scheme would cost ~3.2
crore — is not mistaken. As a job creation scheme,
his own assessment of the political consequences
of any action. Perhaps this closer-than-expected
election will serve as a reminder that such political
Electronic devices will be increasingly driven by AI closer relationship with big business — civil aviation
and steel, for example.
many of the production-linked incentives to sunrise
or strategic sectors are hopelessly inefficient. Yet,
consequences cannot always be managed perfectly.
It is time to take some risks and reform — the coali-
C
hief Executive Officer Tim Cook’s statement that Apple is going to embed At least one of them — skill development and as Mr Kumaraswamy was himself forced to tion will not stand in his way.
OpenAI’s ChatGPT into future iterations of iOS has sparked off a new entrepreneurship — should certainly be a major acknowledge subsequently, the idea behind the
“tech war”. It has focused the spotlight on an ongoing competition to location for policy making in the coming term. That scheme is not job creation per se, but a very expen- The writer is director, Centre for the Economy and Growth,
has been given to the Rashtriya Lok Dal’s head, the sive attempt to move some production of a critical Observer Research Foundation, New Delhi
present artificial intelligence (AI) for mass consumption. Elon Musk,
who has launched a rival generative AI chatbot, Grok, for public consumption
through his new company, xAI, has threatened to ban the use of any Apple
Back to ‘political’ economy

products on the premises of his multiple businesses (Tesla, X, Boring Co, xAI,
and SpaceX among others) for fear of “security violations”. Meanwhile, a major
Apple rival, consumer electronics giant Samsung, has already boasted the launch
of AI-embedded functions in its new series of handsets. Indeed, there are rumours
E
that Mr Musk and Samsung may be in talks on collaboration on the AI front to xactly 30 years ago, writing in this space, I politics detrimental to the economy? Can Mr Modi, cent. Rural wages are stagnant, which means they are
argued there were two companies in Reliance allegedly an autocratic leader, run a coalition govern- sharply lower in inflation-adjusted terms. The upper
make a new phone. Mr Musk has said that he’s worried OpenAI can suction off
Industries. One set up manufacturing plants ment? There are strong arguments for and against middle class didn’t know the real story because the
the data and breach privacy on Apple devices, but sceptics would suspect his and sold products while the other was focused on both these questions. We don’t know the answer. What mainstream media was persuaded not to report from
outburst against the Apple-OpenAI collaboration is partly driven by rivalry, and raising capital and managing it well through its trea- is more important is the answer that we know. The the ground. Through fallacious logic, a K-shaped recov-
partly by the fact that he has a complicated on-again, off-again dispute with sury. They were in a symbiotic relationship. Similarly, electorate has sent a clear message that Hindutva, ery was dismissed as a better alternative than everyone
OpenAI (where he was a co-founder). there are two Narendra Modis: One administers the nationalism, and welfarism are not enough of a draw getting poorer. Now, the elites are suddenly worried
Be that as it may, AI chatbots and large language models (LLMs), and features country from a vastly expanded Prime Minister’s anymore. The first two don’t put food on their plate. about what else the unwashed masses would do if
and apps built upon such platforms are witnessing increasing adoption. Every Office while the other is on a perpetual political cam- The third delivers a bare minimum. But which voter, they remain unhappy with 5 kg of ration per month.
tech major is looking for ways to integrate AI into their respective offers. This paign to win votes by maintaining a larger-than-life exposed to an aspirational lifestyle streaming from The only answer is a fundamental transformation,
trend promises to change many aspects of digital markets. Operating systems image in numerous ways. For 10 years Instagram, Facebook, and enter- not more welfarism and certainly not slogans and
this strategy worked well. Modi the tainment serials is interested in the memes. One part of the transformation is empowering
that incorporate AI and search engines, which use AI in some fashion, are just
politician won most of the elections bare minimum? It now appears the private sector, which alone can establish a long-
two of the many sectors where LLMs are going to be commonplace soon. Google using a recipe of Hindutva, national- that an embarrassing torrent of term sustainable cycle of job creation. It may sound
has incorporated its AI, Gemini, into its search engine, although users have had ism, and welfarism, supported by well- memes, catchphrases, alliterative exaggerated but I think it is Mr Modi who should wor-
mixed responses to the changes in the current experience. Bing from Microsoft oiled party machinery. coinages, clever abbreviations, ship the job-creating business, rather than the other
has also embedded AI. Niche service providers like Perplexity have successfully On the other hand, under Prime schemes, yojanas and slogans such way around. Ten years ago when Mr Modi came to
built “wrappers” that take search engine results, curate them for accuracy, and Minister Modi, interest rates were mod- as Achhe Din, Amrit Kaal, and power, the hope was that he would end crony capi-
build in AI prompts using ChatGPT, or other LLMs, to offer natural language erate, the fiscal deficit was within con- Viksit Bharat, all had a “sell-by” talism and rampant corruption, which flourished
results. Alexa is currently working on embedding AI as well. trol, indirect taxes and levies were date. People are not buying them under the Congress-led coalition government; and it
raised sharply, and higher revenues anymore. Yeh Dil Maange More. would be replaced by a rule-based regime, which
Apple and Samsung together hold over a 50 per cent market share in mobile
devices and tablets. Google has over a 90 per cent market share in global search
were deployed to roll out massive
infrastructure projects. The stock mar- IRRATIONAL CHOICE The farmers want higher prices for
their produce, the youth want
would cut taxes and the red tape, and encourage
entrepreneurship.
while Bing has 4 per cent, and Windows has a 69 per cent market share in personal kets cheered and part of the urban elite DEBASHIS BASU employment, mothers desire edu- Instead, the climate for “doing business” remains
computer (PC) operating systems. The next generation of mobiles, PCs, home secu- were in raptures, buying into every idea cation for their children, and wage- forbidding, taxtortion is still rife, corruption at state
rity systems, smart fridges, home theatres, and other devices are all likely to have and utterance of Mr Modi, no matter earners expect higher wages. Can and district levels has increased, oil prices remain
AI embedded, along with Internet of Things (IoT) devices, to improve operating how many times he shifted the goalpost or replaced any political formation deliver these? extortive with high taxation, and the continued red
efficiency, and offer a smooth interface to the user. It is likely that voice-activated old slogans with new ones. They were confident that When Mr Modi became Prime Minister in 2014, he tape has kept the enterprise system as stifled as
devices driven by AI will soon become the norm across the consumer electronics he was on his way to a historic landslide in the general made many promises. One of them was that farmers before. There has been little progress on 100 smart
industry. Such devices would also be largely capable of self-diagnosis, apart from elections of 2024. would get more than half the cost of production as cities, while the existing ones are bursting at their
To the shock and surprise of most people, though, profit. In 2016, he announced something even more seams, further sapping the productivity of the peo-
customising user experience. This would indeed mean paradigm shifts in security,
the election results proved that the last 10 years were lucrative: Farmers’ income would double in six years. ple and businesses. All these indicators got worse
and the need to set new standards in data privacy. For one thing, voice-activated an exception. The norm of the previous 25 years — Not only did these prove to be empty promises but in under the BJP despite an absolute majority backed
systems can be broken by AI, which can mimic voices flawlessly. Also AI-driven coalition politics — has reasserted itself. Before the a bizarre move to reform agriculture, he tried to railroad by supportive constitutional institutions and media.
devices with IoT would be streaming data out to many different service providers elections, politics didn’t matter. It was a given that Mr three farm Bills through Parliament in a high-handed Does anyone expect these markers to improve now
continuously. Creating and enforcing new laws to keep such data private would Modi’s popularity ended any question about “who manner. The farmers went on the warpath and the under a climate of more politics and less economy?
present new challenges. However, the world inevitably is headed to some version would rule India”. Now politics has entered the political government responded in an even more autocratic Or will we just muddle along as we have done in
of this AI-driven future and it will present the potential of increased productivity economy again, as was the norm during Narasimha manner, digging up roads, placing spikes, and putting the past?
and convenience. It is to be hoped that the pros outweigh the cons. Rao’s regime to later experiments with the Janata Dal, up barricades. Inflation in health care and education,
the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led coalitions, to the which impacts every citizen, is in double digits while The writer is editor of www.moneylife.in and a trustee of the
two Congress-led ones right up to 2014. Is coalition the official inflation rate is ridiculously under 5 per Moneylife Foundation; @Moneylifers
Fauci on Trump: It’s complicated

other he had experienced, not least seemed to trigger at least in part the House Situation Room, briefing the
because of its passing relationship with overt attacks on me by right-wing media president and his top advisers on a new
the truth. and trolls using social media platforms,” virus that was circulating in China. It
Those differences extended to the Dr Fauci wrote. was instantly clear to Dr Fauci, the
about their relationship, which he It is 450 pages long, and Dr Fauci relationship between Mr Trump and Dr Fauci’s first encounter with Mr scientist from Brooklyn, that he and Mr
describes as “complicated.” devotes about 70 of them to the first year Vice President Mike Pence, the Trump was before the coronavirus Trump, the president from Queens,
In a chapter entitled “He Loves Me, of the coronavirus pandemic, when Mr chairman of the White House pandemic, at a White House ceremony could relate to each other in the way that
He Loves Me Not,” Dr Fauci described Trump was in office. His criticisms of Mr coronavirus response task force. where the president signed an executive only New Yorkers can.
how Mr Trump repeatedly told him he Trump and his White House are at times “Vice presidents,” Dr Fauci wrote, order that called for improvements in “He had a New York swagger that I
“loved” him while at the same time blunt and at other times oblique, leaving “are almost always publicly loyal to the the manufacturing and distribution of instantly recognised — a self-
BOOK REVIEW excoriating him with tirades flecked readers to draw their own conclusions. president. That is part flu vaccines. After confident, backslapping charisma that
with four-letter words. Dr Fauci served under seven of the job. But in my ON CALL: A Doctor's the event, Mr reminded me of my days in New York,”
SHERYL GAY STOLBERG “The president was irate, saying that presidents, shepherding the nation opinion, Vice President Journey in Public Trump remarked to Dr Fauci wrote.
I could not keep doing this to him,” Dr through infectious disease threats Pence sometimes Service Dr Fauci that he But that is where the kinship ended.
T
hree months into the coronavirus Fauci wrote. “He said he loved me, but including AIDS, swine flu, anthrax and overdid it. During task Author: Anthony had never had a Dr Fauci wrote that when Mr Trump
pandemic, Anthony S Fauci was the country was in trouble, and I was Ebola. But the coronavirus pandemic force meetings, he Fauci flu shot. embraced hydroxychloroquine, an anti-
at home in northwest making it worse. He added that the turned him into a polarising public often said some version Publisher: Viking “When I asked malarial drug, as a Covid treatment on
Washington when he answered his cell stock market went up only 600 points in figure and a target of Republicans, of, ‘There are a lot of Pages: 480 him why, he the basis of anecdotal evidence, he
phone to President Donald J Trump response to the positive Phase 1 vaccine particularly Mr Trump’s most ardent smart people around Price: $32.40 answered, ‘Well, realised that “sooner or later I would
screaming at him in an expletive-laden news, and it should have gone up 1,000 supporters. During a tense hearing this here, but we all know I’ve never gotten have to refute him publicly.”
rant. He had incurred the president’s points, and so I cost the country ‘one month before the House Select that the smartest the flu. Why did I He painted the president as
wrath by remarking that the vaccines trillion dollars.’” Subcommittee on the Coronavirus person is upstairs.’” need a flu shot?’I did not respond,” Dr consumed with television ratings; after
under development might not provide The book, which will be released on Pandemic, Dr Fauci forcefully denied Dr Fauci also makes clear he had Fauci wrote. The doctor was one coronavirus briefing in March 2020,
long-lasting immunity. June 18, traces the arc of Dr Fauci’s life, Republican allegations that he had little use for some of Mr Trump’s flabbergasted to discover that Mr Mr Trump summoned Dr Fauci into the
That was the day, June 3, 2020, “that I from his boyhood in Brooklyn as a son of helped fund research that started the advisers: His chief of staff, Mark Trump knew so little about the purpose Oval Office and called the Fox News
first experienced the brunt of the first-generation Italian Americans (his pandemic or had covered up the Meadows; his chief economic adviser, of vaccines. personality Sean Hannity. Dr Fauci
president’s rage,” Dr Fauci writes in his father was a pharmacist, and the family possibility that it originated in a Peter Navarro; and his medical adviser, On January 29, 2020, Dr Fauci wrote, recalled the moment: “‘Hey, Sean,’ he
forthcoming autobiography. lived above the “Fauci Pharmacy”) laboratory. He called the accusations Scott Atlas. He said Mr Trump’s aides the conservative political commentator said on speakerphone. ‘You should see
Dr Fauci has long been circumspect through his 54-year career at the “absolutely false and simply were feeding negative stories about him Lou Dobbs, whom the doctor had the ratings we have!’”
in describing his feelings toward Mr National Institutes of Health, 38 of them preposterous.” to journalists in 2020. known for years, called to say Mr Trump
Trump. But On Call: A Doctor’s Journey as the director of the National Institutes In Dr Fauci’s telling, the Trump “The growing White House hostility wanted to meet him. Several hours later, The reviewer covers health policy and politics
in Public Service, he writes with candour of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. White House was different than any toward me over the spring and summer Dr Fauci found himself in the White ©2024 The New York Times News Service
10 NEW DELHI
MONDAY
JUNE 17, 2024
Opinion
{ OUR TAKE }
E S TA B L I S H E D IN 1 9 24
Voters have spoken,

Food costs still a
drag on inflation
what did they say?
Economic prospects are tied to monsoons; a A deeper analysis of together account for 326 seats in the managed to increase its average vote
Lok Sabha. We chose the 10 states to share by 40 and 20 percentage points
good agriculture season will help raise spirits constituency-level data reflect the national variation in the respectively.
suggests that the BJP’s BJP’s performance, with five showing In Group 2, which accounts for 223
the largest seat gain and the other five Lok Sabha seats, the BJP’s seats fell
I
nflation numbers for May were on expected footprint has increased registering the largest seat decline for from 152 in 2019 to 85 in 2024. Taking
lines. The headline print for both the Consumer the BJP between 2019 and 2024. The account of the seats contested, the
in eastern and southern
Price Index (CPI) and the Wholesale Price Index former five states, which we will BJP’s strike rate in Group 2 states fell
(WPI) can be termed benign. To be sure, at 4.7% states, but voters in together call Group 1, are Odisha from 77% in 2019 to 44% in 2024. In
(+12), Telangana (+4), Andhra Pra- the 191 seats that the BJP contested in A large decline in the BJP’s average vote share in 191 constituencies across
the former is still above the 4% target of the Reserve many of its stronghold desh (+3), Madhya Pradesh both 2019 and in 2024 from several states suggests voter dissatisfaction with the party (HT PHOTO)
Bank of India (RBI). The latter has seen a big states have sent a (+1) and Chhattisgarh (+1); the states in this group, the
the latter 5, which we will BJP’s average vote share fell in Rajasthan and the 6 seats in Maha- states account for only about one-
increase compared to last month from 1.3% to 2.6%, negative message collectively call Group 2, are from 50% in 2019 to 45% in rashtra that BJP managed to win in fourth of the total seats in the Lok
but that is mainly on account of base effects. For Uttar Pradesh (-29), Maha- 2024. Among these states, both 2019 and 2024, its average vote Sabha, this is substantial enough to
E
both CPI and WPI — they are very different in ven as Narendra Modi took rashtra (-14), Rajasthan (-10), Rajasthan witnessed the share declined by 7 percentage give pause to detractors of the BJP in
oath as the Prime Minister Karnataka (-8) and West Deepankar greatest decline of around 11 points. Emblematic of this trend, drawing any pan-India message from
composition — food continues to be the primary (PM) of a Bharatiya Janata Bengal (-6). percentage points in the even PM’s vote share in Varanasi fell the verdict. Second, we find that a sig-
driver of inflation. Basu
Party (BJP)-led National In Group 1, which BJP’s average vote share from around 64% in 2019 to 54% in nificant chunk of BJP voters moved
What is the larger import of these numbers? With Democratic Alliance accounts for 103 parliamen- across the 24 constituencies 2024. This is lower than the 56% vote away in states traditionally consid-
(NDA) government for a tary seats, the BJP increased in which it contested in both share he won against Arvind Kejriwal ered its bastion, with the notable
the general elections behind us and the next third consecutive term on Sunday, its tally from 51 in 2019 to 72 2019 and 2024. Similarly, in in 2014. exceptions of Madhya Pradesh and
election cycle a few months away, the political political pundits continued to analyse in 2024. In these states, the the 25 constituencies that it Turning to the second subset, we Chhattisgarh. This decline cannot be
salience of the inflation numbers is expected to the surprising election verdict. The BJP also increased its strike contested in Maharashtra in see that in these seats the BJP’s aver- attributed to local factors in a few
BJP ended up winning 240 seats, well rate from 50% in 2019 to both 2019 and 2024, the BJP age vote share fell by around 10 per- constituencies. While Opposition
come down a bit. But they will matter a lot in the short of the 272-majority mark — 85% in 2024. Additionally, in suffered a nine percentage centage points. Most notably, in the unity may have led to the consolida-
next few months because inflation is a critical though the alliance comfortably the 82 constituencies that point decline in its average 10 seats of Rajasthan that the BJP tion of the non-BJP votes in UP, a
factor that influences RBI’s decision on whether to crossed the magic figure with 293 the BJP contested in these Kartik vote share. won in 2019 but lost in 2024, its aver- large decline in the BJP’s average vote
seats — and a far cry from the 400- states in both 2019 and 2024, Misra To round out our analysis age vote share declined by around 16 share in 191 constituencies across sev-
bring down interest rates. They have been held at plus target of the Modi-Shah election it improved its average vote of the BJP’s electoral per- percentage points. Similarly in the 17 eral states suggests that there was
6.5% since February 2023 and there is a growing machine. share from 41% in 2019 to formance, we also focused seats in Maharashtra that it won in voter dissatisfaction with the BJP.
opinion, even within the Monetary Policy In the post-poll analyses by com- 50% in 2024. Most notably, in the six on two subsets of constituencies, 2019 but lost in 2024, its average vote Whether this decline in the BJP’s vote
mentators, two contentions deserve constituencies of Andhra Pradesh first, which it won in both 2019 and share fell by around 10 percentage share is because of anti-incumbency,
Committee (MPC) of RBI, that this could be taking a careful consideration. First, that BJP’s where the BJP contested in both 2019 2024 and second, which it won in points. local factors, or because of the gov-
toll on economic growth. The impressive headline electoral debacle was the result of the and 2024, it increased its average vote 2019 but lost in 2024. In conclusion, constituency-level ernment’s policies and ideological
GDP growth numbers aside, there is good reason to Opposition managing to prevent the share from less than 2% in 2019 to Our analysis of the first subset sug- analysis helps address the two con- push, is a question that future
division of anti-BJP votes, and sec- around 49% in 2024; and in the 15 gests that in constituencies that the tentions we started with. research will need to address.
be concerned about both private consumption and ond, that BJP’s performance was constituencies in Telangana where BJP won, it could not hold on to its We find, first, that BJP managed to
investment right now. driven by a decline in only a few the BJP contested in both 2019 and 2019 vote share. For example, in the increase its footprint in eastern and Deepankar Basu teaches economics at the
Will RBI pivot soon? The answer depends on states. To evaluate these two conten- 2024, its average vote share increased 32 seats in UP that the BJP won in southern states. While this did not University of Massachusetts Amherst and
tions, we analysed parliamentary by more than 15 percentage points. both 2019 and 2024, its average vote compensate for the BJP’s seat loss in Kartik Misra teaches economics at
what happens to food inflation in the next two constituency-level data on the BJP’s Even in the constituencies it lost in share declined by 11 percentage its stronghold, it nearly reversed the Sewanee: The University of the South. The
months. This, in turn, will depend on the performance in 10 key states that Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, it points. Similarly, across the 14 seats decline in its vote share. Though such views expressed are personal
performance of the southwest monsoon, which
started on a good note but has weakened in the
second week of June. Adequate rainfall is essential
for a good kharif crop and adequate water in { GRAND STRATEGY } { KAMALA HARRIS } VICE-PRESIDENT, THE US
reservoirs and moisture in the soil are needed to Happymon Jacob
ensure a good rabi crop. Overall rainfall just staying P
in the ballpark of the long period average is no If the world fails to respond when
guarantee of agricultural production doing well
anymore. Rains are increasingly becoming
temporally and geographically skewed, inflicting a
It’s time to reset rules of an aggressor invades its
neighbour, other aggressors will
lot of damage on the prospects of a good
agricultural season. Monetary policy can do little to the game in South Asia undoubtably become
emboldened.
A
address this matter except to keep track of the
y inviting the leaders of key neigh- South Asia policy (translated as “be nice to At the summit on peace in Ukraine
B
numbers. Hopefully, things will be clearer when the bouring countries to the swearing-in your neighbours”), and play catch-up with
MPC meets next in August. The larger picture, ceremony of the new council of min- China.
however, is increasingly clear: The climate crisis isters, New Delhi has made its inten- So, what does this strategy of catching up
tions clear: It plans to double down on efforts involve? On the ground, it translates into
and its supply-side shocks to food markets are to engage the neighbourhood and regain its spending more money in South Asian coun-
capable of impacting overall growth prospects. influence. The neighbourhood is India’s tries, fast-tracking and bringing about more
most important strategic theatre. But it’s not effectiveness into project delivery, trying to { STRAIGHTFORWARD }
certain whether proactive outreach alone outbid and outdo China in sensitive regional
will help New Delhi regain its influence, let projects, and expressing unhappiness when Shashi Shekhar
Dealing with summer alone primacy, in the region.

The fact is that China has changed the
China is handed strategically important pro-
jects in the region, among others. A second
State, UT polls hold the

rules of the game in South Asia. A histori- part of this strategy is public diplomacy —
of climate discontent cally non-South Asian country, China was

traditionally focused on consolidating its
sphere of influence in Southeast Asia, rather
the use of soft power to win the region back,
or in other words, wooing, appeasing and
indulging the States in the region.
eadly forest fires, illness-inducing temperatures
than in South Asia. By doing so, Beijing But India’s catch-up game in South Asia is
key to stability at Centre
D
implicitly accepted India’s primacy in South too late, too little, and has its limitations. We
even after sundown, a loss of earnings for Asia. That is no longer the case. may need to think differently.
businesses as well as daily wage earners, and By proactively engaging South Asian The reason why the current strategy to
countries in all aspects, from defence deals win back the region by playing catch-up to espite initial obstacles, the Narendra ter, receiving 15.59% more votes than the last
water shortages — the blistering summer this year has
exacted a toll on millions of people across northern
India, where many cities have now been under a
meteorological red alert. The warning — declared for
to developmental assistance, sprinkled with
occasional domestic political interference,
Beijing has effectively altered the diplomatic
landscape. Furthermore, by challenging
India’s primacy in the region and trying to
China is unlikely to work is because those
strategies amount to playing by the old rules.
The rules that once worked for India won’t
work for any longer; instead, they benefit
China now. Old rules — give more, spend
D Modi-led government is back in office
for its third term. But will it be stable?
There is no immediate threat to the gov-
ernment. However, over the next four months, it
will face an agnipareeksha (trial by fire) as three
assembly elections.
The case of Maharashtra is even more inter-
esting. It had more political actors fighting for
their identity than any other state. Uddhav
Thackeray has re-established his influence while
the north-northwest band of the country, starting from make it a Chinese sphere of influence, Beijing more, and outbid China — will ultimately states and one Union Territory (UT) — Jammu Sharad Pawar has proved himself yet again with
northern Rajasthan and Punjab and stretching to Bihar has undermined the traditional geopolitical only help China because, let’s not forget, and Kashmir (J&K), Haryana, Maharashtra, and his party winning eight of the 10 seats it con-
order in South Asia. Put differently, China is China can outspend India in the region. Jharkhand — go to polls. The outcomes of these tested. The INDIA bloc won 30 of the 48 seats
in the central-east of the country — says that there is a no longer playing by the traditional rules of Moreover, the old rules incentivise South elections could reshape the political landscape. here. Before the election, Maharashtra was seen
very high likelihood of heat illness and heat stroke in the geopolitical game in South Asia. We can Asian States to use China to balance India In J&K, the Supreme Court has ordered as a stronghold of the BJP and its allies. People in
people of all ages. These months have also been dry, sugar coat this reality by convincing our- and bargain for more — as States caught assembly elections — the first since Article 370 Maharashtra, like those in Haryana and J&K,
selves that China is only seeking to co-exist between two powers often do. was repealed on August 5, 2019 — to be held by have rejected manipulative politics. Ajit Pawar,
triggering a spate of forest fires in the mountains of with India in the region. In reality, however, So if the old rules don’t work for India, September. These elections are critical for many who tried to project himself as the leader of the
Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh. Estimates suggest China is seeking dominance. what should it do? It should change the rules reasons. For one, it will show whether voters Nationalist Congress Party, has been rejected,
that the snow cover that feeds India’s lifeblood rivers In the face of this new reality, India’s stra- of the game in South Asia. Given that China support or reject the development projects, the with his faction winning just one seat. CM
tegic response has been to course-correct its has broadened the balance of power in the division of the state into two UTs, and the abroga- Eknath Shinde saved face by winning seven seats
such as the Ganga is at its thinnest since 2003, and data region to its advantage, India should broaden tion of Article 370. The recent resurgence in ter- but fell behind Uddhav’s state-wide appeal. This
from the government’s reservoir management it further to its advantage — by projecting the rorist attacks has prompted fresh questions, but situation could pave the way for the spectacle of
authority shows water storage, especially in the north, region as a subset of Southern Asian balance the track record of our armed forces has been “aya ram-gaya ram” (party switching) politics
of power within a multipolar Asia. excellent, and it is inappropriate to doubt their before the assembly elections in Maharashtra.
is far lower than what is usual for this time of the year. But how? It can do so by getting its global efficacy in combating terror. So, will the govern- Finally, Jharkhand. This state, since its incep-
In the Capital, the heatwave has had dire and regional partners to check China’s grow- ment be able to handle the situation? tion, has been doomed to corruption and the
consequences for the most vulnerable populations. ing influence in the region. For that, India The Lok Sabha elections in J&K yielded imprisonment of its top leaders. Hemant Soren,
will need to abandon its Cold War strategy of noticeable results. The people defeated Omar its former CM, is behind bars on corruption char-
Residents are experiencing high temperatures in a keeping all external powers, friend or foe, Abdullah and Mehbooba Mufti, ex-chief minis- ges, but the government has not fallen. Soren’s
narrow band of 10.7°C, offering little relief even at night. away from its sphere of influence — since ters (CMs) of undivided J&K. The Bharatiya Jan- wife Kalpana has won the Gandey by-election
This prolonged exposure is linked with severe health China has already crossed that red line, it’s ata Party (BJP) did not contest in the Valley, but it and is now an MLA. However, his sister-in-law,
time for India to cross China’s red line. did win two seats in Jammu. An independent Sita, who had contested the Lok Sabha election
impacts, including headaches, dehydration, fatigue, To pose that somewhat differently: What candidate won one of the remaining seats, while from Dumka on a BJP ticket, lost.
and muscle cramps. Then there is a significant do you do when your adversary challenges the National Conference won the rest. This election has brought to the fore not only
economic impact on the city’s street vendors, who have you in your region? You pull out the oldest The People’s Democratic Party (PDP) is col- the troubles in the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
trick in statecraft — get the adversary’s lapsing, but the National Conference has (JMM) but also in the Soren family. Nonetheless,
reported a loss of income and a decline in customer adversary (the United States and its allies, in emerged as the strongest party in the region, the INDIA bloc, which includes the JMM,
numbers. In a recent study, nearly 50% of such vendors this case) to restore the lost balance of although Omar Abdullah lost. The BJP needs to appears to be forming a powerful alliance of
reported a loss in earnings and 71% said they struggled power. The structure of the balance of power expand its base to capture key seats. Will the saf- tribal, Christian, Dalit, and Muslim populations.
in South Asia today is shaped by India, China fron team accomplish its long-held dream of get- Despite winning nine of 14 seats this time, the
to access medical help in such circumstances. and the other South Asian States; and all ting a foothold in the Valley? The Congress is in BJP has suffered a setback. Here, too, it has no
The way this summer has unfolded may well be a things considered, it is disadvantageous to a terrible state. Will it look to cross the bridge leader with state-wide appeal.
sign of things to come when rising global temperatures India. To correct that flawed balance of with the help of an alliance? The narrative of this The message is clear: The BJP needs to
power, India must bring in others who can UT will be shaped by the sentiment of the elector- address local issues in these states, but without
are expected to make such weather extremes routine. work with the country on domains such as ate. The world is watching. leaders with statewide clout, it has to rely on
To address these issues, the authorities need to security, development, economy and Now, let’s discuss Haryana. In 2019, the BJP Prime Minister Modi’s appeal. If the results are
implement heat action plans more stridently. Policies defence, even as, at the same time, the neigh- won 10 Lok Sabha seats here. This time, it had below expectations, the NDA allies may become
bourhood-first push goes on. to settle for half that number, with the Con- apprehensive. The INDIA bloc holds power only
to protect the vulnerable, their health and livelihood gress and the Aam Aadmi Party joining forces in Jharkhand, and if the election outcome turns
are crucial — and solutions need to include immediate Happymon Jacob teaches India’s foreign policy at against it. This combination received 47.61% of against it, the limited momentum it gained on
financial assistance as well as new public By challenging India’s primacy in South Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, and is the the votes. The BJP received 46.11% of the votes, June 4 will be lost.
Asia and trying to make the region a founder of the Council for Strategic and Defence but its vote share increased by about 10% com-
infrastructure to mitigate heat stress. Action is needed Chinese sphere of influence, Beijing Research, a New Delhi-based think tank. The views pared with the last assembly elections. The Shashi Shekhar is editor-in-chief, Hindustan.
before it becomes too late. undermined the traditional order PTI expressed are personal Congress has also performed significantly bet- The views expressed are personal
R. N. I. No. 503/1957 ● Postal Reg. No. DL(ND)-11/6058/2018-19-20 ‘Licensed to post without prepayment’ LICENCE No. U(C)-113/2006-08, AIR SURCHARGE: Raipur and beyond by Rail or Road - Re 5/-, Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Coimbatore, Chennai, Cochin, Goa, Hyderabad, Khajuraho, Mumbai, Trivandrum, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada and beyond by Rail or Road - Rs. 10/-;
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The unity we desire will last only if we
cultivate an yielding and charitable Mahatma
disposition towards one another Gandhi
06 HYDERABAD MONDAY 17 06 2024

� �
W
HY didn’t the BJP meet its expec- What explains BJP’s unexpected performance at PM Modi, too, has spoken in the same
tations in the recent Lok Sabha vein many times.
INDIAN EXPRESS IS NOT AN elections? While Narendra Mo- the elections? Part of the reason could be the claims The recent results have proved that the
INDUSTRY. IT IS A MISSION. di’s opponents celebrate for ap- the opposition made, part the ruling regime’s smugness allegations against the Election Commis-
— Ramnath Goenka parent reasons, the results have sion and questions on the credibility of
NARRATIVES
undoubtedly left BJP supporters electronic voting machines were part of
surprised, stunned, or both. a conspiracy to delegitimise Modi.
For many of Modi’s supporters, ‘Abki The rich-poor binary was baseless; the
COALITION DYNAMICS baar, 400 paar’ was a battle cry, a motiva-

tional prop for an ambitious target. A THAT CHANGED biggest beneficiaries of the Modi regime
are the poor. According to the IMF, India
COULD REFLECT IN comfortable majority was, however, tak-

en for granted. The 240 tally left them be-
THE POLL WIND
has sharply brought down extreme pov-
erty. Another World Bank working paper
GST COUNCIL MEET

wildered, scurrying for reasons respon- said that the number of those suffering ex-
sible for this unexpected poll outcome. treme poverty in India dropped from 22.5
While in a democracy the voter is the percent in 2011 to 10.2 percent in 2019.
T
kingmaker, the electoral setback forced the When we speak of atrocities on minori-
HE next GST Council meeting, to be held on June 22, will Modi fan club to introspect. The unexpect- ties, we seem not to remember the mur-
be a crucial one. Coming after a gap of eight months, the ed loss was attributed to several factors, ders of Hafizul Sheikh (West Bengal, 2024),
including alienation of party karyakartas BALBIR PUNJ Author of the recently published Tryst with Aijaz Ahmad Sheikh (J&K, 2024), Babar
first meeting after the NDA government returned to office Ayodhya: Decolonisation of India
because of their neglect by leaders, selec- Ali (Uttar Pradesh, 2022), and Sheikh Wa-
also comes in the backdrop of a reduced mandate for the tion of bad candidates, wholesale lateral seem Bari (J&K, 2020). Is it because they
BJP in the Lok Sabha. The meeting is critical as it’s ex- entry of outsiders to the fold, resulting in chose to be aligned with the BJP? Did their
pected to address several issues including review of GST rates heartburn in cadres, and alleged indiffer- blood matter any less for it?
on online gaming, bringing petroleum products, electricity, and ence of the RSS to the election process. The opposition narrative about
real estate under GST, besides considering rate rationalisation. Some of these reasons are valid but saving democracy, institutions and con-
Conventionally, the Centre has one-third of votes in the Council hardly impact the poll outcome. Were stitution is a sham. The opposition is
Congress and other constituents of the fighting to save political dynasties and
while states have an upper hand, collectively holding two-thirds. INDI Alliance free from these faults? Was the corrupt within its ranks. Delhi Chief
This means states will have their say on policy decisions in any everything hunky-dory with the BJP Minister Arvind Kejriwal claimed that
case. Still, some believe the Council may hit a deadlock on key during the 2019 polls? In this respect, 2024 an election victory for the opposition
issues as states sense a weaker Centre and the coalition govern- wasn’t very different from 2019. would result in his release from jail.
ment may mar its hand in pursuing reforms like before. Didn’t such a problem exist in states Modi’s welfarism covered all 140 crore
Rate rationalisation, the topmost item among all, is unlikely such as Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Indians without any discrimination what-
Delhi, Tripura and Madhya Pradesh, soever. Still, Muslims do have grievances
to see any immediate change. That’s because the Group of Min-
where the party won all seats? Or in Chhat- against him, the way they had against the
isters (GoM) appointed to consider the rate restructuring is yet tisgarh, Gujarat, and Odisha, the states Congress during the pre-partition era.
to finalise its recommendations. Moreover, given the recent where the BJP performed equally well? Those in doubt can refer to the Pirpur
assembly elections, the GoM itself may see a restructuring. What explains the abysmal results of Committee report published by the Mus-
Currently, essential and semi-essential goods constitute 70-80% Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and West lim League in 1938. It implied that Hindus,
of India’s consumption, and attract a levy of 5-12%. The multi- Bengal? There is something more Hindu communalism, and the Congress
than meets the eye. Apart from issues were synonymous. This report was later
plicity of taxes has led to inverted tax duty classification issues
such as caste matrix, jobs and price used to argue for the partition of India.
leading to legal disputes; the Centre wants to reduce the cur- rise, the opposition’s deftness in The hard fact is that BJP-RSS were rest-
rent rates of 5%, 12%, 18%, and 28% into three slabs. Will this building a convincing narrative gave a SOURAV ROY ing on their laurels too soon. Compara-
lead to a consolidation of the two slabs namely 5% and 12% or surprising twist to the poll outcome. tively easy victories in 2014 and 2019 had
12% and 18%? If so, analysts warn against rate tweaking as it A confident Modi banked on his achieve- Apart from dynastic political parties, the and “end” the Constitution. Second, turned them smug. They had won a battle,
could increase the tax burden of lower-income groups. ments to win a third term. But his oppo- narratives against Modi were set by a pack Modi controlled all constitutional insti- but not the war to retrieve India from a
The other critical aspect includes petrol and diesel that are nents—a pack consisting of Islamists, left- of foreign-funded NGOs, media, and tutions including the Election Commis- colonial narrative, a British legacy.
ists, evangelists, dynastic parties and academia sections rooted in the leftist lexi- sion. Third, the BJP was persecuting mi- Narrative is a powerful instrument. It
excluded from GST, but are subject to VAT, central excise duty, foreign powers inimical to India—engaged con. This pack, wired with global institu- norities. Fourth, Modi was a friend of the has successfully laundered the Commu-
and central sales tax. While the Centre imposes taxes on the him on a different turf. They successfully tions, uses wokeism and time-tested toolkits rich and an enemy of the poor. Fifth, nists of their sin of supporting the vivi-
base rate, states determine their individual rates. It comprises moved the debate from the performance to manipulate the system, influence public Modi would finish reservations for sched- section of the country based on religion
a significant chunk of their tax revenues. Given states’ high of his 10 years in office to a clutch of acer- discourse and meet its ideological ends. uled castes and tribes. and transforming them into secular icons.
debt burden, particularly Andhra Pradesh, which happens to bic narratives, in which they excel. The BJP losses were directly proportion- Changing the Constitution is no big Rahul Gandhi, a product of dynastic poli-
be home to the NDA’s key coalition partner TDP, it will be inter- While the 2014 BJP victory was a sur- al to how the insidious narratives impacted deal. The document, a cornerstone of our tics who remote-controlled the UPA 1 and
prise, the 2019 one shocked the pack. Mo- voters, which differed from state to state. democracy, has been amended over 100 2 governments without any accountabil-
esting to see how the Council navigates the issue. Perhaps it can
di’s onslaught on poverty, war against cor- Modi’s performance was pitted against a times since it was adopted, mainly during ity, is a poster boy of democracy and so-
begin with low impact petroleum products such as natural gas ruption, ruthless elimination of terror, manufactured perception and propaganda Congress regimes. Amending the Consti- cial justice. The ones dividing Indians on
before considering a full-fledged rollout. As the tax regime turns high economic growth, restoration of that spun narratives based on unfounded tution isn’t the same as finishing it. the basis of caste and mocking Hinduism
eight next month, reforms process shouldn’t take a backseat. normalcy in Kashmir without firing a prejudices, unsubstantiated allegations, Ending existing reservations for any carry the ‘secular’ moniker. That’s the
shot and India’s growing stature in the white lies and half-truths. The pack stoked section was a false alarm. RSS chief Mo- power of narrative—something the Modi
THE BURDEN OF HOPE

comity of nations rattled them. It was fear in vulnerable sections of society. han Bhagwat has repeatedly said reser- clan didn’t realise and paid heavily for.
clear: India was on an ascent, and the elec- The opposition narrative rested on five vations would continue till discrimina- (Views are personal)
torate wanted PM Modi to stay for long. key points. First, the BJP would change tion against weaker sections doesn’t end. (punjbalbir@gmail.com)
ON SURESH GOPI
S UJJAIN: THE HOLY CITY OF

URESH Gopi’s victory in the recent Lok Sabha election is
not only symbolic of BJP’s growth in Kerala but also un-
INTELLECTUAL ATTAINMENT
derlines the burden of hope that rests on his shoulders. He
is the sole BJP Lok Sabha member from Kerala and one of Conduct census
only two ministers representing the state in the Modi 3.0 Ref: A to-do list for India’s new ministers
administration. His win can be attributed to a combination of (Jun 16). In the absence of a recent census, a
majority of our country’s population is unable
A
two factors – his personal appeal and the increasing support for
N interesting place of immense to access schemes, benefits and services.
BJP among the Kerala electorate, including among the sizeable significance is Ujjain in Madhya Hence conducting the next census, essential
Christian community. What’s significant to note here is that Pradesh. Time is held to have be- for planning, should also come under the
RENUKA NARAYANAN
while the party lost narrowly in Thiruvananthapuram -- where gun at Ujjain, for it was the priority category for the home ministry.
it has been coming second since 2014 -- and came a close third in prime meridian of the ancient N Rama Rao, Chennai
two other constituencies, its sole, and historic, victory in world, millennia before Green-
Thrissur was sealed with a sizeable margin (close to 75,000) and wich. The Ujjain panchangam FAITHLINE Extend concessions
or lunar calendar is still calculated here Ref: Trial test for Vande Bharat sleeper
vote share (37.8%), highlighting the importance of Suresh and followed by millions. lingam represents this even today. brother Balarama at Rishi Sandipani’s gu- trains to start on Aug 15 (Jun 16). It is a good
Gopi and his success for BJP’s plans in Kerala. An Indian creation theory goes, “Out of A lingam in heaven and a lingam in the rukul. Sri Krishna grew especially at- decision to introduce sleeper berths in Vande
It’s a fact that even before this election, the BJP was pinning nothing came all. Creation came about netherworld are believed to be in align- tached to a meek, timid boy called Sudama, Bharath trains, but the railway department
its hopes on Suresh Gopi to open its Lok Sabha account in through life’s longing for itself. Conscious- ment with earth at Mahakaleshwar. The who took him a gift of poha years later. also has to ensure basic cleanliness in all
Kerala. And he delivered what the party desperately needed. ness dawned and the cycle of life and death Mahakaleshwar Jyotirling is thus consid- Poha is the star Indori-Ujjaini dish today, coaches and punctuality of trains as far as
Now, he needs to deliver as an MP and minister. The BJP has commenced. But with life was born a long- ered the centre-point of earth. Moreover, as I was charmed to discover. possible. It should also consider the requests
ing for liberation. And it was here in Ujjain this is the foremost of the Twelve Jyotirlin- In 57 BCE, King Vikramaditya of Ujjain of senior citizens and the disabled to extend
been making small gains in Kerala in successive elections but
that this longing found its first utterance. gas that hold up the sacred geography of won a famous victory over the Sakas or concessions in charges as there was before.
those weren’t this significant. This time the BJP-led NDA That is why Shiva, the Timeless Lord, chose India from Kedarnath to Rameswaram. Scythians. He founded a new era to com- Katuru Durga Prasad Rao, Hyderabad
polled 19.24% votes – an increase of nearly 4% in comparison Ujjain for his earthly abode.” Ujjain, by the The Panch Kos or pilgrim circuit of Uj- memorate this. Ahead of the Gregorian
to 2019. From finishing second in just one seat in 2019 to win- river Shipra, was first called ‘Avantika’ as calendar by 57 years, the Vikram Era or Good decision
ning one and finishing second in another in 2024, the BJP’s it contained the vana or forests of healing Vikram Samvat is still used as the ‘Indian One feels it is really a good decision of the
gains are impressive and it truly seems to have transformed herbs gifted to earth. But then came the am- calendar’. Vikramaditya was a noble king AIADMK to boycott the Vijkravandi bypolls
bitious titan, Tripur. He performed terrible who set a high standard of excellence. as it would by and large favour only the
itself from an also-ran to a winnable party. It now has the plat-
austerities and wrenched a boon from Lord Vikramaditya established a grand court ruling dispensation. That said, blaming the
form to catapult itself to the pole position in Kerala politics. Brahma that nobody could destroy him ex- at Ujjain. Mathematics, astronomy, arts and DMK for boycotting the bypolls is a defence
But that can happen only if it continues to build on its gains. cept by one arrow when the three planets literature achieved new heights and his mechanism for the AIADMK. The party is
That could be a challenge given Kerala’s unique demography he ruled were in alignment. Secure in his pick of eminent scientists and artists were currently crestfallen after its humiliating
and its historical reluctance to deviate from bipolar politics power, Tripur unleashed great cruelty on collectively known as the Navaratna or defeat in the Lok Sabha polls. It needs to do
involving two main fronts led by the CPM and the Congress. the world. All creatures flocked to Lord Nine Gems. They included the great healer a lot of homework to emerge victorious in the
That’s where leaders like Suresh Gopi, whose popularity tran- Shiva for help. “Mercy, mercy, Great God! Dhanvantari, a master of Ayurveda and the assembly election in 2026.
We seek refuge in You,” they wept. author of an important medical treatise, S Ramakrishnasayee, Chennai
PTI
scends caste, religious, and political barriers, can play a role. Lord Shiva assured them Tripur’s end and Varahamihira, the astronomer and as-
Suresh Gopi’s inclusion in the Union ministry should not be was close. Then they beheld the cosmos Legend says Lord Shiva agreed to abide trologer whose fame spread to faraway Road development
seen just as a reward. It’s a reaffirmation of party leadership’s take on an unearthly glow. The earth be- kingdoms, as did the news of his specially- The change of government in Andhra Pradesh
forever in Ujjain as Mahakaleshwar,
faith in him. Having said that, it must be wary of his tendency came a chariot, the sun and moon its wheels. built observatory at Ujjain. Vetal Bhat, au- is a welcome sight. There is an urgent need
The mighty Himalayas became the bow. the Lord of Eternity, after destroying thor of the still-popular Vetal Pachheesi or to develop the road that connects Kakinada
to attract controversies. He must tread carefully and watch his
words while continuing to work for the people, as he has been And on this bow, Lord Vishnu himself be- demon Dushan before he descended Twenty-Five Tales of the Ghoul, wrote ele- to Rajahmundry, which also has an airport.
came the arrow. Thus, Lord Shiva destroyed on the city. A naturally-manifested gant, witty stories that not only entertained A distance of approximately 60 km takes
doing, and fulfilling his ministerial obligations. The actor must
the three planets with one arrow and with stone lingam at the Mahakaleshwar but also served as lessons in character- over two hours to complete because of the
see this as an opportunity to perform as a politician and help his that, he destroyed Tripur. This feat was cel- building. Vararuchi, the great grammarian, incomplete highway project.
party in the process. The burden is huge as he carries the hope ebrated forevermore as ‘Tripurardhan’. temple marks this even today wrote a formidable work on Prakrit gram- Ravi Hegde, email
of people who elected him and the ambitions of his party. Tripur was less than a straw for Ma- mar. The greatest was Sanskrit playwright
hadev’s might. Nevertheless, he let this jain takes us through an energy field of 84 and poet Kalidasa. Of enduring fame, au- Good politician
cosmic drama take place to bestow on man- temples. When the stars are in alignment thor unknown, is the collection of stories Opposition parties can learn so much from
Q U I C K TA K E kind a sense of moral victory. This out- every 12 years for the Kumbh Mela, known called Singhasan Batteesi or Thirty-Two former Odisha CM Naveen Patnaik. Even though
standing victory or ‘Uchhitam Vijay’ is in Ujjain as ‘Simhast’ or ‘Leo in the Ascend- Tales of the Throne, about Vikramaditya. his party suffered defeat in the assembly
INCLUSIVE HOODS WELCOME remembered as the name ‘Ujjain’.
But Ujjain’s innate lustre made it a cov-
ant’, it is believed the constellations are rep-
resented on earth by the city’s temple geog-
In the third century BCE, young prince
Ashoka was sent here as the governor of
elections, he accepted the verdict graciously.
He didn’t blame EVMs or any political party. He
T
HE news that 33 Hindu residents of a housing complex in eted prize. The next assault was by a de- raphy. The next Simhast at Ujjain is from Ujjain. Ashoka married Princess Devi of even attended the swearing-in ceremony of the
mon called Dushan. When Lord Shiva saw Sunday, April 9 to Monday, May 8 in 2028. Vidisha, and his son Prince Mahendra was BJP ministry and congratulated the new CM.
Vadodara are trying hard to push out the lone Muslim Dushan advancing as Kaal or death on his Just as creation has no meaning without born here. Ashoka went away to Patalipu- This shows he is not a petty politician.
allottee just for her religion is worrying, but not surpris- devotees, he became ‘Maha Kaal’ and de- Nature, Shiva is incomplete without Shak- tra in Bihar but Queen Devi stayed on at S Ravindranath, Bengaluru
ing. Such overt and covert pushes for ghettoisation have been stroyed Dushan with just one fiery breath. ti. Her presence is consecrated at the Har- Ujjain. When Ashoka embraced Bud-
happening in Indian cities for long. But what’s equally dis- ‘Maha Kaal’ means both ‘the death of siddhi Shaktipeeth temple through one of dhism, it was from Ujjain that he sent his Dedicated artist
heartening is the apparent silence on the issue from at least death’ and ‘time’. It is a richly layered the most poignant events in Indian belief— son Mahendra and daughter Sanghamitra The demise of multifaceted legend Rajeev
425 other allottees in the cooperative society. It’s a central gov- word, also meaning ‘immortality’ and ‘in- the death of Sati. The Harsiddhi Temple at to the eastern coast and out across the sea Taranath has left a void in both the music
finity’. Lord Shiva graciously agreed to Ujjain commemorates the site where Sati’s as missionaries to Sri Lanka. and literature world that can never be filled.
ernment housing scheme and the 44-year-old mother allotted
abide forever in Ujjain in his form as Ma- elbow is believed to have fallen. So, Ujjain is a landmark city in Indian It is said he practised the sarod for 18 hours
one flat works at an outfit under the skills ministry. Yet, old hakaleshwar, the Lord of Eternity. Thus, Ujjain became known as a place of intel- history and culture, and well worth a visit. at a stretch sometimes, till his fingers
prejudices die hard. The more inclusive our neighbourhoods, he became a marvellous pillar of light, a lectual attainment. Thus, no less than Sri (Views are personal) started bleeding.
the lower will be the bigotry and deeper the harmony. Jyotirling. A naturally-manifested stone Krishna was sent to study here with his (shebaba09@gmail.com) P V Prakash, email
THE NEW INDIAN EXPRESS

Chairman of the Board: Manoj Kumar Sonthalia Editor: Santwana Bhattacharya
Resident Editor (Telangana) : T Kalyan Chakravarthy* Printed and Published by R K Jhunjhunwala on behalf of Express Publications (Madurai) Private Ltd., at H.No.6-3-1113/1, B.S.Makta Lane, Somajiguda, Near Grand Kakatiya Hotel, Punjagutta, Hyderabad – 500 016 and printed by him at Sakshi Press, Plot No.D-75 & E-52, Industrial Estate (APIE),
Balanagar, Medchal-Malkajgiri District, Telangana. Hyderabad: Vol. 48, No. 143 RNI Reg. No. 32179/77. Phone: 040-23413908. * Responsible for selection of News under the PRB Act. Copyright: Express Publications (Madurai) Private Ltd., All rights reserved. Reproduction in any manner, electronic or otherwise, in whole or in part, without prior written permission is prohibited.

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DECCAN CHRONICLE | MONDAY | 17 JUNE 2024 | COIMBATORE

A lot of gains for India and

Time to steer Delhi-Dhaka

to think, raise torians being shouted down at graduation cere-

questions: Vital Should” (written by Noah Feldman and Alison

for democracy leges and universities jealously guard their right to

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Incorporating and directly descended

T he recent political shift in South Africa is nothing

from online addictions

Earnest life, fervent dreams THE SERAJGUNGE

OUR VIEW MY VIEW | THE INTERSECTION

The country requires 20 million

Fix GST flaws to make it

a ‘good and simple tax’ eral election to voter unhappiness with

In a country badly governed,

MY VIEW | MODERN TIMES

The quiet influencers: How the poor have shaped India

is a journalist, novelist, and the

America’s debt is sustainable but Hunter Biden’s conviction has

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The new government is flexing centralizing muscles

is a senior journalist and author

Lessons of election verdict

raised India’s traordinary diversity, mass poverty,

profile dence make our elections and

The general election of 2024, its true verdict

High Court’s take on Marriage Act, an erosion of rights

Rising cases under PoSH Act point to better reporting F R O M T HE A RC HI V ES

Follow us facebook.com/thehindu twitter.com/the_hindu instagram.com/the_hindu

On the size of council of ministers

What is SWM cess and why is

it levied on waste generators?

Is Pakistan using a firewall to censor

KNOW YOUR ENGLISH

‘Is prepone the

P in the past week that the

A quiz on the 80th anniversary of the foundation of the Republic of Iceland

MONDAY - JUNE 17, 2024

State governments maintain capex pace in FY24

thehindu businessline. Short take

TWENTY YEARS AGO TODAY.

BL TWO-WAY CROSSWORD 2462 EASY NOT SO EASY

SOLUTION: BL TWO-WAY CROSSWORD 2461

Volume XXXI Number 52

Apulian interlude Return of ‘coalition dharma’

Back to ‘political’ economy

Fauci on Trump: It’s complicated

Voters have spoken,

Dealing with summer alone primacy, in the region.

State, UT polls hold the

of climate discontent cally non-South Asian country, China was

EDITOR: KUNAL PRADHAN

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