Esperiment Nec2

cnduct direct lad test an a three phase squrel cage inductiom m e r

ndplot inpat current, torgue- pomer factor, speed and efficiency Vs eutput

Contents

L Ohjeciscs

Exgcied autionme af egeime

Theor
4FguipmentReguinat
Mcthodelngs for Mesuncn

Mcasurements
7 Resuilts and disca

8 Comclasioms
 1. Objectives and plot
put Curren
motor
induction
cape
a three phase squirel
To conduct
direct load test on

V/s output power.

torque. power
factor. specd and efliciency
outcome of experiment:
2. Expected able to Know
students
will be
the
On
successful
completion ofexperiment

Signilicance of load test. motor.

performance
of i n d u c t i o n
test on the
Eltects of load

3. Theory: i.e
its complete
perlormance
Lorque
to compute
performed voltao
test on
induction motor is motor is operated
al rated
age a
The load test. the
this
factor etc. During fronm the ohsae
elliciency. power brake and pulley
arrangement
observed
slip. mechanically by
loaded
normally below.
frequency and the steps given
calculated. following
can be
performance
data. the

motor is
incrcased. The svnchr
hronou-
SLIP: the load on the
as
rotor. N, droops
slightly
of poles. P aul
The speed of calculated.
based on the
number

field iIs
rotating magnetic
speed. N, of the
supply frequency. f'i.e.

120f
Synchronousspeed: N, rpm
P
2 to 5 percent.
slip at full load is from
Normally. the range of

Torque: laboratories. A brake drunm

of method employed in
common type
Mechanical loading is the most
the belt. provided on the
and the load is applied by tightening
is coupled to the shaft of the motor readings Sjanu
the brake drum in kg is obtained from the
exerted at
brake drum. The net force

S: of the spring balances i.e.

Output Torque Speed Wlh

appreciably with load torque wil

Thus as the speed of motor does not vary

increasing load.
Nctforce cxerted, W (S-S) kg
Then. load torquc. T W x d/2 kg m

Wx d/2 x 9.8 N m

herc, d effective diameter ol the brake drum in meters.

Output power, Po:
Output power in watts
The developed by the motor is given by.
Autnut power. Po 2IUNT/60 watts. where. N is the speed of the motor in r. p. m.
Inpul poWCr:

pul power is measured by lhe two wattmeter. properly connccted in the circuit i.e.

Inputpower=(Wi d W3) watts

Where, W1 and W2 are the
readings of the two wattmeter.
Power lactor:

Power lactor ot induction motor on NO-LOAD is very low because of the high value O

magnetizng current. With the inerease in

load the power factor increases because the
powC
component of the current is increased. Low power factor
operation is one of the disadvantages O
induction motor. An induction motor draws heavy amount of magnetizing current due to

Dresence of air gap between the stator and rotor. Thus to reduce the magneti1Zing curTent in

induction motor the air-gap is kept as small is possible.

Eficiency:
Percentage efficiency of the motor. n Poutput
Pinput
Full load efficiency of 3 phase induction motor lies in the range of 72 %
(for small motors) to
82 % (for very large motors).

Speed:
When the induction motor is NO-LOAD speed is
on
slightly below the synchronous speed.
The current duc to induced emf in the rotor winding is responsible lor production of torque
required at no-load. As the load is inereascd the rotor specd is slightly reduced. The emf induced
In the rotor causes the current increased to produce higher torque. until the torque developed is
cqual to torque required by load on motor.
 4
Equipment required:

S.No. Name Range Remark

QUy

Voltmeter 0-300V AC 1 each

0-300V DC

Ammeter 0-10A AC
0-10A DC Teach

Rheostat 3552/1.6A

Wattmeter 300V/10A/UPE

5.
Methodology for Measurements:

1. The connections are made as per the cireut diagram.

2. Power supply is obtained from 3 variac.
3 The TPST switch is closed.
4. Rated voltage of 3 induction motor is applied by
5. The initial readings of ammeter.
adjusting autotransformer.
voltmeter and wattmeter are
6. By noted.
increasing the load step by step he
readings ol ammeter. voltmeter
noted. and wattmet
eter are
6. Measurements

W1
RO-
m Y1
3 cd
SUPPLY
3

N
ww
A1 21
YO
Ov
-YYYn A2 72
S.Q.I.M
B
m
w2
Fig.1: Connection
diagram for the
experiment
Machinespecifications:

Name plate details Name plate details of

of DC Generator
Induction Motor

Ratcd Voltage 220V Rated Voltage 230V

Rated Current 8A Rated Current 56A
Power 1.75 kW Power-11Kw
Rated Speed-1421rpm Rated Speed 1440rpm

. t h e above set up note dow your observalions in the following Table:

WI W2 /P Speed Vde Tde Output Pf

SNo V Torq
power Power ue

Precaution:

Use LPF wattmeter at no load.

Run machine at rated
voltage.
D o not Cxceed the current beyond rated values for machines.

7. Results and
Discussion
O u r measurements. let us now discuss the results that you obtained. Please provide

responscs to
following points:
 st?

direet-lLoad t
be obtained from
******
can
parameters
A. What machine

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its valUC
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machine?
Comment o
the power
lactor of the
B. What is *******
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power
output
v e r s u s

efficiency

Graph: Speed and

Torque,
Factor,
Power
u r r e n t ,

experiment.
Write about what vo
you
8. Conclusions: this
ot pertorming
conclusion
own
words the
Write in your
experiment.
learned from this
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