REPORT ON FIELD TRIP

TO
Local Brick Factory & United Cement Factory

By

Sonam Basnet (Team Captain)

Suchana Adhikari

Upendra Tamang

Suresh DC

1ST Year (2ND Semester)

TO

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE COLLEGE

DATE: 2081/03/10
 Acknowledgment
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the successful completion of
this field visit report to the local brick factory and United Cement Factory.

First and foremost, We extend our heartfelt thanks to Er. Gokul Dev Joshi, for their invaluable guidance, support, and
expertise throughout the planning and execution of the field visit. Their insights and encouragement were
instrumental in shaping the scope and objectives of this report.

We are thankful to the management and staff of Brick Factory and United Cement for their warm hospitality and
cooperation during the visit. Their openness in sharing information and facilitating our observations greatly enriched
the depth of our study.

Furthermore, we acknowledge the contributions of the workers and personnel at both factories who generously spared
their time to provide us with detailed explanations of their processes and operations. Their dedication to their work
and willingness to engage in discussions were crucial in gaining firsthand insights into the production methods and
environmental practices.

Lastly, would like to thank our colleagues and peers who accompanied me on this field visit, as well as those who
assisted in data collection and analysis. Their collaborative efforts and enthusiasm significantly enhanced the quality
and comprehensiveness of this report.

This field visit provided invaluable learning experiences and insights into industrial operations, environmental
considerations, and community impacts. We are grateful for the opportunity to undertake this study and contribute to
our understanding of sustainable practices in the manufacturing sector.

Sonam Basnet

Suchana Adhikari

Suresh DC

Upendra Tamang
Table of Content
1 Introduction

2. Local Brick Factory

3. United Cement Factory

4. Conclusion
Introduction:

The field visit was conducted to assess the operations, environmental impact, and
community interaction of a local brick factory and United Cement Factory located in
Naubise. The visit aimed to understand their production processes, environmental
compliance, and socio-economic contributions to the region.
1. Local Brick Factory
Overview

 Location: 3km near on th way to sitapaila.

 Production Capacity: nearly 700 brick kilns
 Processes: Traditional brick molding, firing, and curing techniques.

Observations and Findings

1. Production Processes

 Raw Material Handling: The factory sources clay from nearby deposits, which is
excavated and transported to the site.
 Molding and Shaping: Clay is mixed, molded into brick shapes, and arranged for
drying.
 Firing: Bricks are fired in traditional kilns using coal as fuel, a process observed
to emit smoke and particulate matter.
 Quality Control: Limited automation observed in quality control processes, with
manual inspection of finished bricks.

2. Environmental Impact

 Air Quality: Significant emissions observed during the firing process,

contributing to local air pollution. Smokestacks are used to vent emissions.
 Waste Management: Clay waste and ash disposal methods include onsite
dumping, which may pose environmental risks if not managed properly.
 Water Usage: Limited information on water usage and conservation practices.

3. Community Engagement and Socio-Economic Impact

 Employment: Provides employment opportunities for local residents, contributing

to livelihoods in the community.
 Community Relations: Limited formal community engagement observed, with
potential for enhanced outreach and dialogue.
Recommendations

Based on the observations and findings from the visit, the following recommendations
are proposed to improve operations and mitigate environmental impacts:

1. Adopt Cleaner Production Technologies: Explore alternative firing technologies

(e.g., cleaner-burning fuels, improved kiln designs) to reduce emissions and
improve air quality.
2. Enhance Waste Management Practices: Implement effective waste segregation
and disposal methods to minimize environmental contamination and maximize
resource recovery.
3. Promote Community Engagement: Develop structured community engagement
programs to foster transparency, address concerns, and collaborate on sustainable
development initiatives.
4. Monitor and Report Environmental Performance: Establish monitoring
mechanisms to track air emissions, water usage, and waste management metrics.
Regular reporting to regulatory authorities and stakeholders can enhance
accountability and compliance.

The visit to Brick provided valuable insights into its manufacturing processes,
environmental practices, and socio-economic contributions. By implementing the
recommended measures, the factory can improve sustainability, minimize
environmental impacts, and strengthen its relationship with the local community.
Continued dialogue and collaboration between stakeholders will be essential in
achieving these objectives and fostering responsible industrial practices.

2. United Cement Factory

Overview

 Location and production: Located in Village Jugedi in Dhading district, United

Cement boasts of the modern, state-of-the-art infrastructure that represents the synergy
between sustainability and advancement. The facility is equipped with advanced dry
process and five-stage preheating technology, as well as the latest available pollution-
 control equipment–therefore, ensuring that the large-scale production of cement,
notably 1200 tonnes per day, and the process of clink erizatio doesn’t come at the cost
of environmental damage. Furthermore, in Lele district Lalitpur, United Cement also
owns mines with efficient equipment and machinery to fulfill the cement plant’s
requirement of Limestone.
 Processes: Cement manufacturing through kiln process.

Objectives

1. Production Process Assessment: Understand the cement manufacturing

processes, from raw material extraction to final product packaging.
2. Environmental Impact Evaluation: Assess the environmental footprint of the
factory’s operations, including air emissions, waste management, and resource
consumption.
3. Community Engagement and Socio-Economic Contributions: Evaluate the
factory’s role in local employment generation, community relations, and corporate
social responsibility (CSR) initiatives.

Observations and Findings

1. Production Processes

 Raw Material Handling: Limestone and other raw materials are quarried and
transported to the factory.
 Processing: Raw materials are crushed, ground into fine powder, and blended to
form the raw meal.
 Clinker Production: Raw meal is heated in a rotary kiln to produce clinker, a
primary ingredient in cement.
 Cement Grinding: Clinker is mixed with gypsum and additives, ground into fine
cement powder, and stored in silos.
 Packaging: Cement is packaged in bags or bulk for distribution.

2. Environmental Impact

 Air Emissions: Controlled emissions observed from the kiln stack, complying
with environmental regulations. Efforts to reduce dust and particulate matter
emissions were noted.
 Waste Management: Effective management of by-products, such as fly ash and
slag, utilized in cement production or sold for other industrial uses.
 Water Usage: Efficient water management practices observed, with recycling and
conservation measures in place.
3. Community Engagement and Socio-Economic Impact

 Employment: Provides substantial direct and indirect employment opportunities,

supporting local livelihoods.
 Community Relations: Active engagement in community development
initiatives, including infrastructure projects, education, and healthcare.

Recommendations

Based on the observations and findings from the visit, the following recommendations
are proposed to enhance sustainability and community relations:

1. Continuous Improvement in Environmental Performance: Invest in advanced

technologies to further reduce emissions and enhance energy efficiency in cement
production processes.
2. Enhanced Resource Efficiency: Continue optimizing raw material usage and
waste management practices to minimize environmental impacts and maximize
resource recovery.
3. Strengthen Community Engagement: Expand community outreach programs
and partnerships to address local concerns, promote transparency, and foster
sustainable development.
4. Monitoring and Reporting: Establish robust monitoring systems to track
environmental performance indicators, ensuring compliance with regulatory
standards and corporate sustainability goals.

The visit to the United Cement Factory provided valuable insights into its operations,
environmental practices, and socio-economic contributions. By implementing the
recommended measures, the factory can reinforce its commitment to sustainable
development, mitigate environmental impacts, and enhance its positive influence on the
local community. Continued collaboration and communication with stakeholders will be
essential in achieving these objectives and maintaining industry leadership in
responsible cement production.

Conclusion

The field visit provided valuable insights into the operations and impacts of the local
brick factory and United Cement Factory. While both facilities contribute to local
economic development through employment and production, environmental
management practices vary significantly. It is crucial for the brick factory to adopt
cleaner technologies, whereas the cement factory should continue its sustainable
practices. Enhancing community engagement and social responsibility efforts will
further strengthen their positive impact on the region.

This report summarizes the key findings, observations, and recommendations from the
field visit to the local brick factory and United Cement Factory.