EXPERIMENT No.

-2

MICROPROCESSOR BASED OVER AND UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY

CONTENTS:
1. Objective: * ***********

01
2. Expectedoutcomes of experiment: 01
3. Equipments required
01
4. Theory:.
02
5. Methodology for measurements: *=********
06
6. Measurements:
08
7. Results & discussion: ********
****
09
8. Conclusion:.
09
-**- ******-****- **

1. OBJECTIVE:

Protective relays have a critical role in the electrical

power systems. When an
abnormal condition (faults, overload, loss of
system synchronism and etc) occurs,
protective relays take an action. This experiment is
designed
for the same and has
following objective:
T o Plot Trip Time Characteristics of
Microprocessor Based Over Voltage Relay.
T o Plot Trip Time Characteristics
of Microprocessor Based Under Voltage Relay.
2. EXPECTED OUTCOME OF EXPERIMENT:
A s thevoltage applied to the Testing Kit increases the Tripping Time of Over
Voltage
Relay decreases.
A s the voltage applied to the
Testing Kit increases the Tripping Time of Under
Voltage Relay increases.

3. EQUPMENTS REQUIRED

1. Over Voltage Relay Testing Kit. 01 No.

2. Under Voltage Relay Testing Kit.
01 No.
3. Single Phase Variac (0-270V AC) 02 No.
4. Voltmeter (0-300V AC)
02 No.

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT POWER ENGINEERING LAB (EEPC24) Page 1

 4. THEORY:

OVER VOLTAGE RELAY greater

than a pre-
is
voltage
the input
protectic tion of AC
that operates when
relay voltage
Over Voltage Relay is a over -time

for nverse

determined value. This is most suitable induction

as
machines such
rectifiers and
Circuits, capacitors,

less
UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY
when
the input
voltage
is less
is than a pre
Under Voltage Relay is a relay that operates
time
under voltage protection of
inverse
suitablefor
motors,

determined value. This is

mos induction
such as
machines
rectifiers and
AL Circuits, capacitors,

SETTINGS: interconnectio.
PRE-TEST
OBSERVATIONS AND
circuit diagram
through tion
shown on the power
condition.
experiment as
*Set up under OFF
all the
switches
clean power sII
of TEST t e r m i n a l s
with
source
terminals
and ensure
supply
at the
*Measure the input voltage
AC 220V, 50Hz. source and MCB with power
er lON
the
supply at
Switch on single-phase power

indication.
meter and
voltmeter, minor error if anv in tha
ne
"0" display in the interval
Observe
decimal may be
neglected.
voltmeter after
its working
condition through ON command from
T e s t the time
interval meter for
condition, timer starts measuring time
switch in test mode
the timer switch rotary
and reset the value.

RELAY:
SETTING FOR MV12

Reference voltage settings: 110V available on the PCB inside the

selected through jumper
Reference voltage may be position is 1.
For example: For reference voltage of 110V, jumper
relay.
&Over voltage/Under voltage settings:
ON OFT
select the dip switches as
To select Overvoltage setting (Default setting), the ap
OFF OFF inside the PCB of the relay. To
select under voltage setting, select
switches as OFF OFF OFF OFF.

Selection of trip time characteristics: OFF

Default (0vervoltage): Nornial Inverse -3.5 seconds Switch position ON

OFF. Dip Switches are available on the PCB of the relay. Under voltage be

Inverse-5.7 seconds Switch position OFF OFF OFF OFF. High set iea
disabled.

nrnc24) Page2
 Setting of fault voltage level: For MV 12

V,= [1+ (0.05+ a]'V,

Where, Vs= set voltage level (fault voltage level) in volts.
a=weight of switch in ON position.

Vs=[1+ (0.05+a)] Vn for overvoltage.

Vs=[1-(0.05-Xa)] Vn for undervoltage.

Default fault voltage level setting: 105% of Vn.

Position of the switches: OFF OFF OFF OFF.

SETTING THE FAULT VOLTAGE LEVEL

Fault voltage level Vs is expressed as some percentage of PT rating

(V=110V/240V/415V). For an under-voltage relay, the fault voltage can be chosen
from 20% to 95% of V, in steps of 56Viz 20, 25, - -
----95%

Vs= [1+(0.05+2 Vn

Where,
V= Set voltage level (Fault Voltage Level) in volts.

Vn= PT Rating (110V/240V/415V)

A= weight of switch in ON Position

Example:-

Vs= (1-0.30) =70% of Vn

For 110 Volts Vn, the fault voltage becomes 77 volts.

So whenever the voltage goes below this set value, the relay picks up and trips according
to selected trip time characteristics.

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT POWER ENGINEERING LAB (EEPC24)| Page 3

SPECIFICATIONS:

Ratings
:110V/240V/415V AC
Voltage, Vn
50Hz +2.5 Hz
Frequency
Aux. Power Supply :20V to 110VAC/DC
OR
88V to 264V AC/DC

Settings: of 5%
Fault Voltage V :95% to 20% ofVn in Steps 10% ORDISABLE

in Steps of
High Set Vns :90% to 20% of Vn

Time Multiplier Setting:

0.1 to 1.6 in steps of 0.1
TMS

OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS:

definite time
Normal inverse 5.7
sec
Time Characteristics:
Trip
1, 10, 100 sec.

: Same as set voltage Vs

Pick up Voltage
Rated Voltage
:(105%-110%) of Vn
Accuracy
:+/-5%of Vs

Time-Voltage Characteristics (At TMS =1)

UNDER/OVER VOLTAGE RELAY:

For Trip time at TMS other than 1.

Trip time= (Trip time at TMS=1)*TMS

nge4
TEPC24) Page
 The figure below shows the connection
diagram for the experiment:

POWER INDICATOR

CB ON VOLTMETER

FUSE

ME
INTER VAL
M.C.B METER
RELAY UNDER TEST TRIP INDICATOR

230 V B
1
PHASE
SUPPLY
FUSE RELA

UNDER

(v) TEST

vOLTAGE
REGULATOR

AUTO TX X

SET MODE

RESET ON OFF TEST MODE

Fig: Testing Kit for Over/Under Voltage Relay

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT POWER ENGINEERING LAB (EEPC24)| Page5

6. MEASUREMENTS:

For Over Voltage: Remarks

Trip Time()
Sr. No. Voltage Setting (V.)

2
3
4
5

For Under Voltage

Remarks
Trip Time(t)
Sr. No. Voltage Setting (V.)

2
3
4
5

GRAPH:
6. MEASUREMENTS:

For Over Voltage: Remarks

Trip Time(t)
Sr. No. Voltage Setting (V.)

For Under Voltage:

Remarks
Trip Time(t)
Sr. No. Voltage Setting (Vs)

GRAPH:

12
10.23 9.89 945 9.12 876
8.13
7.23
8
6.21
6
4.23 2.56

140 150 160 170 180 220 230

190 200 210
Set Voltage Vs

Fig: Characteristics of Over Voltage Relay

 30
25.95
25
20
15 9.29 10.46
8.128:2 8.67
7.5 7.87
10

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0
Set Voltage Vs

Fig: Characteristics of Under Voltage Relay

7. RESULTAND DISCUSSION:
Please
let us now discuss the results that you obtained.
measurements,
Based on your
to0 following points:
provide responses
Write down
the observation table.
characteristicof Over Voltage Relay.
P l o t the graph of
of characteristic of Under Voltage Relay.
P l o t the graph

8. CONCLUSION:
proportional to increase in
the Over Voltage Relay is inversely
Tripping time of
applied voltage. to increase in applied
time ofthe Over Voltage Relay is proportional
Tripping
voltage

k*****

(EEPC24) Page9
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT POWER ENGINEERING LAB