PRACTICE SHEET-10

Subject: Biology
Class: IX
Lesson 10: SKELETON-Movement and Locomotion
I. Define:
1. Joint
2. Synovial joint
3. Antagonistic muscles
4. Skeleton
5. Ribcage
6. Girdles

II. Differentiate between:

1. Bone and Cartilage
2. Tendon and Ligament
3. Yellow marrow and Red marrow
4. Axial and Appendicular skeleton
5. True ribs and Floating ribs
6. Carpals and Metacarpals
7. Tarsals and Metatarsals
8. Male and Female skeleton
9. Humerus and Femur
10.Atlas and Axis
11.Thoracic and Lumbar vertebrae
12.Sacrum and Coccyx
13.Pectoral and Pelvic girdle
14.Immovable, Partially movable and Freely movable joint
15.Gliding and Pivot joint
16.Hinge and Ball and Socket joint
17.Biceps and Triceps
18.Movement and Locomotion
19.Metacarpals and Metatarsals

III.Name the following:

1. The movement of an organism from one place to another
2. The bony framework of the body
3. The constituents of human skeleton
4. The connective tissue that join bones together
5. The chief component of our skeleton
6. The bone from which the mineral part is removed and the
remaining organic framework is left behind
7. The types of bones based on shape
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8. The central hollow part of the bone

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9. The two main divisions of the skeleton
10. The membrane that covers the external surface of the bone
11. The two types of marrow
12. The marrow that produces red blood cells
13. The marrow that produces white blood cells
14. The ring-like bones which make up the vertebral column
15. A long flat bone lying in the middle of the front part of the chest
16. The first cervical vertebrae
17. The second cervical vertebrae
18. The main divisions of axial skeleton
19. The main divisions of appendicular skeleton
20. The bones of the hind limbs
21. The bones of the fore limbs
22. The parts of the skeleton which help to articulate the limb bones
to the main (axial) skeleton
23.The two girdles
24. The point at which two separate bones meet
25. The three major categories of joints in our body
26. The type of joint where no movement is possible between the two
bones
27. The type of joint where very little movement occurs between the
two bones
28. The type of joint where varying degrees of movement are possible
the two bones
29. The longest bone of the upper arm
30. The longest and strongest bone of the body
31. The smallest bones in our body
32. A pad of cartilage which forms a cushion between two vertebrae

IV. Draw a neat labelled diagram and identify the following:

1. Thoracic vertebrae
2. A Synovial joint

V. Identify and learn to label the following:

1. The Human skeleton
2. Vertebral column
3. Atlas
4. Atlas and Axis vertebrae
5. Thoracic vertebrae
6. Joints in skull-Immovable joint
7. Wrist bones – Gliding joint
8. Skull and Axis vertebrae- Pivot joint
9. Elbow joint – Hinge joint
10. Hip joint – Ball and Socket joint
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11. Synovial joint- Knee joint

VI. Answer the following:
1. State the location and function of:
(i) Yellow marrow
(ii) Red marrow
(iii) Skull
(iv) Vertebral column
(v) Rib cage

2. Represent diagrammatically the following:

(i) Classification of bone on the basis of shape
(ii) The main divisions of the skeleton

3. Give examples for the following:

(i) Immovable joint
(ii) Partially movable joint
(iv)Gliding joint
(v) Pivot joint
(vi) Hinge joint
(vii)Ball and Socket joint
(viii)Synovial joint
(ix) Antagonistic muscles

4. Explain the following:

(i) Structure of a typical bone
(ii) Skull
(iii)Vertebral column
(iv) Structure of vertebrae
(v) Sternum
(vi) Ribs
(vii)Bones of the forelimbs
(viii)Bones of the hind limbs
(ix) Pectoral Girdle
(x) Pelvic Girdle
(xi) Ball and Socket joint
(xii)Synovial joint
(xiii)Muscle
5.How many floating ribs do we have? What is their significance in
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our body?
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6.List the functions of the skeleton.

7.Give reasons for the following:
(i) Cranium is made up of small bones joined together instead of
single big bone
(ii) Vertebral column is curved
(iii)Synovial fluid is present between synovial joint

8. Given below is the diagram of the forelimb:

Study the same and answer the questions that follow:

(i) Label 1 to 4.
(ii) Name the small bones which make up the
fingers.
(iii) State the type of joint between part 7 and
part 1.
(iv) What are the bones of the palm known as?

9. Given below are examples of different types of joints.

Identify the type of joint in each case:

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 10. Copy and complete the following flow diagram by filling in the blank
spaces numbered 1 to 6:

Axial Skeleton

Skull Vertebral column 1

2 Facial bones 3 4 Lumbar 5 Coccyx True ribs 6 Floating ribs

11. Given below is the diagram of the hind limbs:

Study the same and answer the questions that follow:

(i) Label 1 to 7.
(ii) Name the additional bone of the hind limb.
(iii) State the type of joint between part 2 and part 3.
(iv) What are the bones of the foot known as?
(v) How many phalanges are there?
(vi) Which of the above part is strongest and longest bone? Name the same.
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12. Copy and complete the following flow diagram by filling in the blank
spaces numbered 1 to 5:

13. Given below is the diagram of a part of axial skeleton:

Study the same and answer the questions that follow:

(i) Identify A.
(ii) Label the parts 1 to 5.
(iii) State the numbers of bones present in part A.
(iv) What are the individual bones of the part A known as?
Describe its structure.
(v) Name the first and the second bone of part 1.
(vi) State the type of joint between the individual bones.
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14. Given below is the diagram of human skeleton.
Name the bones numbered 1 to 13.

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 15. Copy and complete the following flow diagram by filling in the blank
spaces numbered 1 to 13:

Appendicular Skeleton

Bones of the limbs Girdles

1 Hind limbs 2 Pelvic girdle

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3 Radius 4 Carpals 5 6

12 Clavicle

Femur 7 Fibula 8 9 10 11

16. Given below is the diagram of a joint.

Study the same and answer the questions that follow:

(i) Identify the joint shown alongside.

(ii) Label the parts 1 to 4.
(iii) State the function of part 2.
(iv) Give an example of the joint shown
alongside.
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17. Given below is the diagram of a part of axial skeleton.
Study the same and answer the questions that follow:

(i) Identify A.
(ii) Label the parts 1 to 6.
(iii) What are part 5, part 6 and thoracic vertebrae together called?
(iv) What is part 3 called? Why is it called so?

VII. Rectify the following sentences by changing the underlined

word/s only:
(i) Skull in humans consists of 22 bones.
(ii) There are 30 vertebrae in human backbone.
(iii) Pelvic girdle is a part of axial skeleton.
(iv) Hinge joint is a slightly movable joint.
(v) Thumb has three phalanges.
(vi) Collar bone is also called scapula.
(vii) The round head of the thigh bone fits into a cup-shaped glenoid cavity.
(viii) The knee-cap bone is called clavicle.
(ix) The first cervical vertebrae is called axis.
(x) Muscles are attached to bones by ligaments. 9
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