47

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. Which one of the following industries uses limestone as its raw material?
(a) Aluminium (b) Cement (c) Sugar (d) Jute
2. Which one of the following agencies markets steel for the public sector plants?
(a) HAIL (b) SAIL (c) TATA steel (d) MNCC
3. Which of the following industries is in private sector?
(a) Dabur (b) BHEL (c) SAIL (d) HINDALCO
4. Name the industry classified on the basis of capital investment
(a) Joint sector (b) Private sector (c) Large scale (d) Public sector
5. Which one of the following industries is the largest contributor of Gross Domestics
Production (GDP) in India?
(a) Rubber (b) Jute (c) Sugar (d) Textile
6. Oil India Limited belongs to which one of the following sectors?
(a) Public sector (b) Private sector (c) Joint sector (d) Cooperative sector
7. Which one of the following industries provides single window service and high-data
communication facility to software experts?
(a) Automobile industry (b) Information Technology
(c) Chemical Industry (d) Iron and Steel Industry
8. The economic strength of a country is measured by the development of its :
(a) manufacturing Industries (b) agricultural activites
(c) banking services (d) small scale industries
9. Why is there a tendency in the sugar industry to shift and concentrate in southern
and western states?
(a) Better transport facilities and nearness of the market .
(b) Higher sucrose content, longer crushing season and successful co-operatives.
(c) Seasonal nature of the industry.
(d) Old and inefficient methods of production in North India.
10. Which one of the following industries belongs to the public sector?
(a) BHEL (b) TISCO (c) OIL (d) RIL
11. What is the per capita consumption of steel per annum in India?
(a) 28 kg (b) 63 kg (c) 98 kg (d) 34 kg
12. Which city is known as electronic capital of India?
 48

(a) Bangalore (b) Noida (c) Gurgaon (d) Hyderabad

13. Mumbai is famous for :
(a) manufacture of integrated coaches. (b) cotton fabrics
(c) leather work (d) silk embroidery
14. Which one of the following items is a manufactured item ?
(a) Sun flower seeds (b) Sugarcane (c) Sugar (d) Cotton
15. Which of the following people are engaged in the secondary activities ?
(a) Farmers (b) Teachers (c) Doctors (d) Factory workers
16. Which one of the following textile centres is located in the state of Karnataka ?
(a) Puna (b) Belgaon (c) Indore (d) Gwalier
17. Which one of the following factors plays the most dominant role in the location of
an industry in a particular region ?
(a) Raw material (b) Labour (c) Lower cost (d) Power
18. Which one of the following groups of states has largest number of sugar mills?
(a) Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. (b) Maharashtra and Karnataka
(c) Uttar Pradesh and Bihar (d) Haryana and Madhya Pradesh
19. In which one of the following states is Nalco and Balco aluminium smelting plant
located ?
(a) West Bengal (b) Kerala (c) Orisha (d) Maharashtra
20. Which one of the following sea ports is located on the south western coast of India
(a) Kochi (b) Tuticorin (c) Paradip (d) Haldia
21. Which one of the following industries is seasonal in nature?
a) Jute textiles (b) Cotton textiles (c) Sugar industry (d) Aluminium industry
22. Which one of the following industries expanded to several parts of the country
after the green revolution?
(a) Cement industry (b) Electronics industry
(c) Sugar industry (d) Fertilizer industry
23. “Amul Dairy Milk Scheme‟ is an example of which type of industry ?
(a) Basic industry (b) Agro – based industry
(c) Co – operative industry (d) Joint sector industry
24. In what ratio are iron ore, cooking coal and lime stone required to make steel?
(a) 4 : 2 : 1 (b) 4 : 1 : 2 (c) 4 : 3 : 1 (d) 4 : 3 : 2
24. What is the position of India in world in terms of sugar production?
 49

(a) first (b) second (c) third (d) four

25. Leading center of wollen textile industry in Punjab is :
(a) Mohali (b) Patiala (c) Ludhiana (d) Bhatinda
26. TISCO is :
(a) Joint Sector Industry (b) Private Sector Industry (c) Co-operative Sector Industry
(d) Public Sector Industry
27. Which of the following is not a basic input for Iron and steel industry ?
(a) Iron ore (b) Coal (c) Limestone (d) Mica
28. Which one of the following is a Joint Sector Industry?
(a) BHEL (b) OIL (c) TISCO (d) AMUL
29. What term is used for the industries that come together to make use of the
advantages offered by the urban center?
(a) Urban Agglomeration (b) Central Agglomeration
(c) Agglomeration Economies (d) Centralised Economy
30. Golden Quadrilateral refers to which type of roadways?
(a) Border Road. (b) State Highway.
(c) National Highway. (d) Expressway National Highway.
31. Where was the first Jute mill of India set up ?
(a) Rishra (b) Howrah (c) Titagarh (d) Budge Budge
32. Where are most of the Jute Industries situated in India?
(a) West Bengal (b) Karnataka (c) Orissa (d) Assam
33. Which rank does India hold in terms of crude steel production in the world?
(a) first (b) second (c) seventh (d) third
34. Mysore is famous for which one of the following textile industries?
(a) Cotton textiles (b) Woolen textiles (c) Jute Industries (d) Silk textile Industries
35. Where does Fertilizer Corporation of India has Fertilizer Industry?
(a) Hazira in Gujarat (b) Jaipur in Rajasthan
(c) Aurangabad in Maharashtra (d) Patna in Bihar.
36.. What percentage of total industrial production is contributed by the textile
industry in India?
(a) 14% (b) 15% (c) 4% (d) 27%

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

 50

1. What is manufacturing?
Manufacturing is a process in which primary goods are converted in to
more useful finished goods by using machines, tools and equipments.
2. Examine the importance of manufacturing industries.
(i) Industries supply machines, fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides which are
needed for the development of agriculture. They also reduce population pressure
on land by giving jobs to many people.
(ii) Industries create job opportunities and reduce the problem of unemployment
and poverty.
(iv) By exporting industrial goods the country can earn valuable foreign
exchange.
(v) Industrial development and economic development are directly related.
Industries produce value added goods and help in economic progress.
3. Agriculture and industry are complementary to each other. Explain.
OR
Agriculture and industry are inter- related and inter- dependent. Explain.
(i) Agriculture supplies raw materials to the agro based industries.
(ii) Agriculture creates demand for industrial products like fertilisers, pesticides,
insecticides and agricultural machines.
(iii) Industries supply fertilisers, insecticides, pesticides and agricultural
machines which are needed for agricultural development.
(iv) Industries create demand for some agricultural products like cotton,
sugarcane, oil seeds etc.
(v) Industries provide employment to the surplus workers in the agricultural
sector.

4. Examine the contribution of industry to national economy.

Manufacturing industries contribute only 17% of the GDP of the country. It is
very low when compared with other countries. The annual industrial growth rate
is 9% to 10%. Our aim is to achieve 12% annual industrial growth. The
National Competitiveness Council has been set up to achieve this aim.
5. Name any three physical factors for the location of the industry.
Availability of raw materials, availability of power resources and favourable
climatic conditions are some physical factors which influence the location of
industry.
6. Name any three human factors for the location of industry.
Availability of skilled and unskilled labour at cheap rate, good markets for the
products, transport facilities, banking facilities , insurance facilities and
 51

sufficient capital for investment are some of the human factors which influence
the location of industry.
7. What do you mean by industrial agglomeration?
Industries are generally concentrated in cities or in the outskirts of the cities.
This leads to the formation of some areas with high industrial concentration.
Such areas are called industrial agglomeration. Cities provide some favourable
conditions for industrial growth. They are called agglomeration economies.
8. How are the industries classified?
On the basis of the source of raw materials industries are
classified in to agro based industries and mineral based industries.
(i) Agro – based industries: Industries which use agricultural products as raw
materials are called agro based industries. Ex: Cotton textiles, edible oil and
sugar industries.
(ii) Mineral based industries: Industries which use minerals as their raw
materials are called mineral based industries. Ex: Iron and Steel and Aluminium
smelting.
On the basis of the main role played by them, industries are
classified in to basic or key industries and consumer industries.
(i) Basic or key industries: The industries whose output is used as input by
other industries are called basic or key industries.
(ii) Consumer industries: Consumer industries are those industries which
produce the goods that are directly consumed by the people. Ex: Sugar, Tooth
Paste and Paper Industries.
On the basis of capital investments industries are classified in to
small scale and large scale industries.
(i) Small Scale Industry: If the total value of capital investment in an industrial
unit is less than rupees one crore, it is called small scale industry. Ex: Ancillary
units which produce components for another company.
(ii) Large Scale Industry: If the total value of capital investment in an
industrial unit is more than rupees one crore, it is called large scale industry. Ex:
B H E L, H M T.
On the basis of ownership industries are classified in to:
(i) Public Sector Industries: The industries which owned and managed by the
government or government agencies are called Public Sector Industries. Ex: B
H E L, H M T.
(ii) Private Sector Industries: The industries which are owned and managed
by the private individuals are called private sector industries. Ex: TISCO, Bajaj
Auto Limited.
 52

(iii) Joint Sector Industries: The industries which are jointly owned and
managed by the government and the private individuals are called Joint Sector
Industries.
(iv) Co- operative Sector Industries: The industries which are owned and
managed by the co-operative societies of the producers of the raw materials are
called co-operative sector industries. Ex: Sugar Mills of Maharashtra.
On the basis of bulk and weight of raw materials industries are
classified in to:
(i) Heavy Industries: The industries which use heavy and bulky raw materials
and produce heavy and bulky products are called heavy industries. Ex: Iron and
Steel, Cement.
(ii) Light Industries: Industries which use light weighted raw materials and
produce light
9. Examine the importance of Textiles Industry in India.
(i) Textiles Industry contributes 14% of the total industrial production of India.
(ii) It is the second largest provider of employment opportunities after
agriculture. 35 million people are employed in this industry.
(iii) It earns us valuable foreign exchange. It accounts for 24.6% of the foreign
exchange earnings of India.
(iv) It contributes 4% of India’s G D P.
10. Why did the traditional cotton textiles industry of India decline during
the colonial period?
(i) The British brought machine made cotton goods from Europe to India.
These goods were cheaper and better in quality. So, the demand for Indian
goods declined.
(ii) The British prevented the entry of Indian goods in to their country. So,
Indian goods lost their international demand.
(iii) The British purchased raw cotton in large quantities from India. So,
Indian weavers did not get enough raw materials.
(iv) Some modern mills were set up in India. Their products also entered the
market.
11. Why is cotton textiles industry concentrated in Gujarat and
Maharashtra?
(or)
Why is cotton textiles industry concentrated in Mumbai and Ahmedabad?
(i) Availability of raw materials: Cotton is mainly grown in the black soil region
on Gujarat and Maharashtra. So, raw materials are available at cheap rate.
(ii) Well developed transport facilities: Mumbai and Ahmedabad regions have
well developed road and railway networks. Mumbai port can be used for export.
 53

(iii) Availability of skilled labour: Maharashtra and Gujarat are densely

populated areas with good educational facilities. So, skilled and unskilled labour
are available at cheap rate.
(iv) Moist Climate: This region experiences moist climate. Thread will not
break frequently.
(v) Market: Maharashtra and Gujarat are densely populated areas. So, there is
good market for cotton textiles.
12. Examine the importance of cotton textiles industry in India.
Or
Why is cotton textiles industry the largest industry in India?
(i) Cotton textiles industry supports a large number of cotton cultivators.
(ii) It is a labour intensive industry. It provides employment to a large number
of people.
(iii) It creates demand for the products other industries such as chemicals and
dyes, packing materials and engineering products.
13. Why did Mahatma Gandhi give importance to spinning yarn and
weaving Khadi?
Mahatma Gandhi wanted self sufficiency of the Indian villages. He wanted the
cottage industries to develop. He thought the development of Khadi will create
employment opportunities in the rural areas and help in reducing the problem of
poverty . So he supported spinning yarn and weaving Khadi.
14. Why is it important for our country to keep the mill sector loomage
lower than power loom and hand loom?
Mill sector uses machines to produce cloths. So, the employment opportunities
created very less. Power looms and hand looms use labour intensive technology.
So they provide employment to a large number of people. Moreover power
looms and hand looms are located in the rural areas. So their development helps
in the development of the rural areas.

15. Name the countries to which India exports cotton textiles.

India exports yarn to Japan. Cotton cloths are exported to USA, UK,
Russia,France, East European countries, Nepal, Singapore, Srilanka and African
countries.
16. What are the major problems or challenges faced by Indian cotton
textiles industries?
(i) Power supply:
In India power failures are common. So a lot of valuable working hours are lost.
(ii) Out dated technology and out dated machines:
 54

Most of the cotton textiles mills use old machines and primitive technology. So
productivity is very low.
(iii) Low output of labour:
Workers are not properly trained or motivated. So, productivity is very low.
(iv) Stiff competition:
The products of cotton textiles industry face stiff competition in the market
from synthetic textiles.
17.Why is it important for us to improve our weaving sector instead of
exporting yarn in large quantities.
(i)If we develop our weaving sector and make use of the total yarn for the
production of cloths, we will be able to create more job opportunities.
.(ii)Instead of yarn, if we export clothes, we will be able to earn more foreign
exchange.
(iii) It will contribute more to our GDP and take the country to progress.
18. Why is the jute textiles industry concentrated in the Hoogli basin of
West Bengal?
(a) Availability of raw material:
Jute is mainly grown in Hoogli basins of West Bengal. So the raw material
needed for the industry is available in plenty at cheap rate.
(b) Good net work of transportation:
Hoogliriver provides inexpensive water transport .This region also has a good
net work of road and railways.
(c) Cheap labour:
Cheap labour can be hired from West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Uttar
Pradesh
(d) Kolkata city provides banking, insurance and export facilities for export of
jute goods.

19. Examine the importance of jute textile industry.

. India is the largest producer and second largest expo9rter of jute products.
. This industry provides employment to 2.61 lakh workers.
. More than 40 lakh jute cultivators are depended on this industry.
. It is an export oriented industry. So, it earns us valuable foreign exchange.
20. What are the major challenges faced by Indian jute textile industry ?
Stiff competition in the international market from synthetic substitutes and
from the products of other countries like Bangladesh are the major problems
faced by Indian textile industries.
 55

21. What steps have been taken by the Government to develop Indian jute
textile industry?
.National jute policy was announced in 2005. It aims at improving the quality
and productivity of jute and jute products .
.The government has been following the policy of encouraging the use of jute
for packing.
22. Name the countries to which India exports jute products.
USA, Canada, UK, Australia and United Arab Republic.
23. Why are the sugar mills set up near the sugar fields?
Or
Why is sugar industry rural based industry?
(i) Sugar cane is a bulky commodity. Its transportation is difficult. So sugar
mills are set up near the sugar fields.
(ii) If there is delay in transportation the sucrose content in the sugar cane will
decrease.
(iii) Nowadays most of the sugar mills are set up in the co operative societies of
the sugar cultivators. These societies are located in the rural areas. `
24. Why is sugar industry concentrated in U P and Bihar?
(i) Availability of raw materials:U.P and Bihar are the major producers of
sugarcane. So, raw materials are available in plenty at cheap rate.
(ii)Availability of labour: U.P and Bihar are densely populated. So, labour is
available in plenty at cheap rate.
(iii) Development of co operative sector: Co operative movement is widespread
in this region.
(iv) Developed transport facilities: This region has well developed transport
facilities.

25. What are the three reasons for shifting sugar industry to Maharashtra
(South India) in recent years?
(i) Sugarcane grown in Maharashtra has higher sucrose content.
(ii) Cooler climate in this region provides long crushing season.
(iii) Co operative movement is very successful in Maharashtra.
25. Why is Iron and Steel Industry called a heavy industry?
All the raw materials used in the iron and steel industry such as iron ore,
cocking coal, lime stone and manganese are heavy and bulky. Finished products
like iron and steel are also heavy and bulky. So, this industry is called a heavy
 56

industry. This industry is mostly located near the sources of raw materials and
markets.
25. Why is Iron and Steel Industry called a basic Industry?
Iron and steel industry is called a basic industry because:
(i) It provides raw materials to several industries like ship building, transport
equipments, engineering goods etc.
(ii) It provides machines and tools needed for all other industries.
(iii) Transport vehicles needed for transport are also made of iron.
26. Why is the per capita consumption of steel very low in India?
Per capita consumption of steel in India is only 32kg. It is very low because
India has a huge population and the industrial development is very slow.
27. Name the two agencies which market steel in India.
Steel Authority of India (SAIL) markets the steel produced by public sector
companies. Tata Steel markets the steel produced by TISCO.
28. Why is Iron and Steel Industry concentrated in Chota Nagpur Plateau
region?
Availability of raw materials: Chota Nagpur region is extremely rich in iron ore,
coal, limestone and manganese deposits.
Availability of labour: As this region is densely populated, skilled and unskilled
labour is available in plenty at cheap rate.
Vast market: Industrial growth is taking place at fast rate in this region so good
market for steel is available.
Transport facilities: This region has good network of roads and railroads.
29. What are the problems and challenges faced by the Indian iron and
steel industry? OR
Why is our iron and steel industry not able to perform to its full
potential? OR
India is an important Iron and Steel producing country, yet we are not able
to perform to our full potential. Give reasons.
(i) Cooking coal is not adequately available. Its price is very high.
(ii) Lablour is not properly trained and motively. So labour productivity is low.
(iii) Irregular supply of energy.
(iv) Power failures are very common in India. This affects production.
(v) Poor infrastructure: Transport, communication, banking, insurance and other
infrastructural facilities are not developed enough.
30. Examine the importance of aluminum smelting industry.
 57

Aluminum smelting is the second most important basic industry in India.

Aluminum is a light metal and it is malleable. It becomes strong when it is
mixed with other metals. It is resistant to corrosion. It is a good conductor of
heat and electricity. It is used to make aircraft, utensils and wires. It is used as a
substitute for steel, copper, zinc and lead in many industries.
30. Distinguish between an Integrated Steel Plant and a Mini Steel Plant.
An integrated Steel Plant is a large plant. It produces different types of
Iron and Steel by using raw materials like iron ore, limestone, manganese and
cocking coal. It does steel making, rolling and shaping.
A mini steel plant is a small plant. It uses scrap iron and sponge iron
and produces mild and alloy steel. It has electric furnaces.
30. What are the two prime factors which influence the location of
aluminum smelting industry?
Regular supply of electricity and the availability of bauxite in large quantities at
cheap rate are the two factors which influence the location of aluminum
smelting.
31. Give a short account of Indian chemical industries.
(or)
Describe the main features of Chemical industries.
(i) Indian chemical industry is growing at a fast rate.
(ii) It contributes 3% the GDP.
(iii) It is third largest in Asia and the 12th largest in the world.
(iv) The industry is divided into organic chemicals and inorganic chemicals.
Sulphuric acid (used to make fertilizers and synthetic fibers, plastics and
paints), nitric acid, alkalis, soda ash (used to make glass, soap and paper) and
caust5ic soda are the major inorganic chemicals. Organic chemicals includes
petro chemicals which are used for making synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber,
plastic, dye stuff, drugs and pharmaceuticals.

32. Examine the importance of fertilizer industry in India.

India is an agricultural country. A major section of the workers are engaged in
agriculture. So agricultural development is a must for country’s development.
Fertilizers are necessary for modernizing agriculture. Moreover the population
is growing at high rate. So food production has to be increased to meet the
demands of the people.
33. Name the fertilizers produced in India.
India produces nitrogenous fertilizers (urea) phosphatic and ammonium
phosphate fertilizers. India is the third largest producer of fertilizers.
 58

34. Write a short note on cement industry.

Cement industry is a heavy industry. It uses heavy and bulky materials like
limestone, silica, alumina and gypsum. The first cement plant was set up in
Chennai at 1904. At present there are 128 large plants and 332 mini plants.
35. What helped in the rapid development of cement industry since 1989?
De control of price and distribution and the other liberalisat5ion measures
helped in the rapid progress of cement industry since 1989.
36. State the main features of Indian automobile industry.
(or)
Mention the factors which contributed to the healthy growth of
Automobiles Industry in India.
Automobiles industry produce the vehicles needed for goods and
passenger traffic. Trucks, buses, cars, motor cycles, scooters and three wheelers
are produced in India. Liberalisation has enabled the arrival of foreign vehicles
and the demand has also gone up. Foreign Direct Investment and the setting up
of MNCs also contributed to its growth. New technology improved quality and
profitability. Delhi, Mumbai. Kolkata and Gurgaon are the important centers of
this industry.
37. What are the main features of information technology and electronic
industry in India?
Television, telephone, cellular phones, telephone exchange, radars
and computers are the products of electronic industry. Bangalore is called the
electronic capital of India. 18 information technology parks have been setup in
the country. Information technology provides employment to one million
persons. Business processing and outsourcing sector (BPO) of the IT industry
earns us a lot of foreign exchange.
38. How do industries pollute the environment?
Industries cause four types of pollution.
(i) Air Pollution: The smoke given out by the industries may contain harmful
gases like Sulphur di Oxide and Carbon Monoxide. Chemical and paper
factories, refineries and smelting plants give out harmful smoke. Accidents in
chemical plants may lead to the leakage of poisonous gas.
(ii) Water Pollution: Industries discharge their waste water in to the
neighbouring rivers or streams. This water may contain harmful substances.
Paper pulp, chemicals, textiles and tanneries cause pollution.
(iii) Thermal Pollution: Sometimes, factories and thermal power plants
discharge hot water in to the rivers and streams. This will lead to destruction of
aquatic plants and animals.
 59

(iv) Noise Pollution: Machines and equipments which are used in factories
cause noise pollution. Noise pollution caused irritation and anger, hearing
impairment, increased heart rate and high blood pressure.
39. Discuss the steps to be taken to minimize environmental degradation
caused by industry.
(i) Recycle and reuse water so that the quantity of water used for processing can
be reduced.
(ii) Follow rain water harvesting.
(iii) Waste water from the industries should be treatedbefor4e discharging into
the rivers.
(iv) Factories should use electrostatic precipitators, fabric filters, scrubbers and
inertial separators in order to purify smoke.
(v) Use oil or gas instead of coal in factories.
(vi) Use silencers in machines and equipments in order to reduce noise.;
(vii) Redesign machines and equipments in order to improve energy efficiency
and reduce noise.
40. What are the different stages involved in the treatment of industrial
effluents?
(i)Primary treatment by mechanical means. Screening, grinding and
sublimation are done in this stage.
(ii) Secondary treatment by biological process.
(iii) Tertiary treatment by biological, chemical and physical process.
41. How are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants? What
problems does the steel industry face? What recent developments have led
to a raise in the production capacity?
(i) Mini steel plants are small units which use scrap metal and sponge iron as
raw materials and produce mild and alloy steel of different types. They have
electric furnaces.
(ii) Integrated steel plants are large plants. They handle everything in one
complex. They use iron ore, coal, limestone and manganese to produce steel.
They do making, rolling and shaping metal.
(Problems faced by iron and steel industry refer answer to question no. 33)
(iii) Recent developments which led to increase in production capacity.
(iv) Policy of liberalization introduced by the government promoted foreign
direct investment in steel sector. Private sector also started investing in steel
sector. Foreign technology has come to the country. So the production capacity
has increased.
42. ‘Sugar industry is ideally suited for cooperative sector’ – Why?
 60

(i) Sugar industry is a seasonal industry. So if the sugar mills are run by
cooperative societies it will become a part-time occupation for the sugarcane
cultivators.
(ii) Investment needed for the setting up of sugar mill is less. So cooperative
societies can easily get the capital needed.
(iii) If the mil is in the cooperative sector, easy availability of the sugarcane is
assured.
43. What are the major challenges or problems faced by sugar industry?
(i) It is a seasonal industry. The mills work only during harvesting period.
(ii) Methods of production used in sugar mills are old and in efficient.
(iii) Transport delay in reaching the mill lead to decrease in the sucrose content.
(iv) Use of baggase has to be maximized.
44. What are Software Technology Parks? State any two points of
significance of Information Technology Industry in India?
Software Technology Parks provide single window service and high data
communication facility to Software Experts.
(i) This industry provides employment to millions of people. Nearly 30%
among the workers are women.
(ii) The BPOs of this Industry earns a lot of foreign exchange to India.
(iii) It is one of the fastest growing industries in India.
45. Explain how can the Industrial pollution of fresh water be reduced.
(i) Recycle and reuse water so that the quantity of water used for processing can
be reduced.
(ii) Follow rain water harvesting.
(iii) Waste water from the industries should be treatedbefor4e discharging into
the rivers.
46. Mention any three objectives of National Jute Policy.
(i) It aims at improving productivity. The farmers are given help to adopt
modern farming methods.
(ii) It aims at improving the quality of products.
(iv) It aims at ensuring good prices for the farmers. Help is given for marketing
the products.
47. Explain any three factors responsible for the decentralization of cotton
textiles industry in India.
(i) The Cotton textiles industry is wide spread to incorporate the traditional
skills and designs of weaving.
(ii) Now artificial favourable climate can be created inside the factory.
 61

(iii) There is wide market for textiles. So, units are being set up near the
markets.
(iv) Now hand looms are replaced by power looms. Power looms can be set up
anywhere in the country.
(v) Developed transport facilities enables the mills to get cotton from distant
places.