Research English g2

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ONLINE NEWSPAPER OF BARTOLOME
SANGALANG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL USING WIX
A Capstone Project
Presented to the
Faculty of the Special Program in Information and Communications Technology
Bartolome Sangalang National High School
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the
Special Program in Information and Communications Technology
By:
Dela Cruz, Jedi D. Motil, Akira Mark C
Jimenez, Julienne DG. Padre, Janina Kayla A.
Jose, Rico L. Rindole, Keira Cristelle S.
Mendoza, Janina Jade R. Soriano, Warren N.
January , 2024
Table of Contents
Acknowledgement ........................................................................................................................... i
List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ iii
List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ iv
List of Appendices ..........................................................................................................................v
Biographical Data ......................................................................................................................... vi
Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ vii
Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................1
Background of the Study ..............................................................................................................2
Statement of the Problem ............................................................................................................2
Objectives of the Study ................................................................................................................3
Significance of the Study ............................................................................................................4
Scope and Limitation ...................................................................................................................5
Definition of Terms ......................................................................................................................6
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature ....................................................................................7
Chapter 3: Methodology................................................................................................................8
Theoretical Framework ...............................................................................................................9
Conceptual Framework .............................................................................................................10
Research Method .......................................................................................................................11
Research Design ........................................................................................................................12

Research Locale ........................................................................................................................13
Samples and Sampling Procedures ............................................................................................14
The Research Instruments .........................................................................................................15
Data Gathering Procedure .........................................................................................................16
Data Analysis .................................................................................................................................17
Chapter 4: Results and Discussion .............................................................................................18
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation.......................................................19
Summary ...................................................................................................................................20
Conclusions ...............................................................................................................................21
Recommendations .....................................................................................................................21
References ......................................................................................................................................22
Appendices .....................................................................................................................................23
Acknowledgement
The researchers, would like to thank all those who contributed for the completion of this
study.
First and foremost, the researchers would like to thank Bartolome Sangalang
National High School for giving them this learning opportunity to help them develop valuable
life lessons of patience, perseverance, teamwork, resilience, cooperation, and most of all, the
endless pursuit of wisdom and kindness.
Second, the researchers would like to convey their deepest and sincerest gratitude
towards Ms. Mixxy P. Flores their Research Adviser's incomparable guidance, support, advice,
comments, suggestions, and provisions in accomplishing this study to achieve its fruitful
outcome.
The researchers’ heartfelt appreciation to Sir Ruben De Ocampo, Sir Jimuel L. Supan,
Ma'am Merilan B. Intoy, Ma'am Jana Kamille A. Resma , Sir Renever Lapitan (IT experts) Sir
Nestor S. De Leon, Sir Ebdani V. Lardizabal, Ma'am Margie C. Bonotan, Sir Edgardo Suñega,
Ma'am Shiela B. Supan(End Users) the outcomes and recommendations of this research have
largely been affected by how able they've been in giving their experiences and opinions. This
study would not have been completed in case they had not dedicated their time and effort in it.
The researchers would also like to express their greatest gratitude towards their parents for
their endless love, prayers, support, and sacrifices. This would not be possible without their
unselfish love and support given to them since the beginning.
A big thanks to Almighty God for giving the researchers strength, knowledge, ability
and opportunity to conduct this study, without His guidance and mercy, they would not be able to
accomplish this study and all of their daily endeavors.
List of Tables
Table 1 Scoring Guide for Level of Effectiveness of the Implementation of the
Online Newspaper of Bartolome Sangalang National High School………………………
Table 2 Functional Suitability of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the IT
Experts…………….
Table 3 Functional Suitability of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the End-
Users………………
Table 4 Performance Efficiency of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the IT
Experts…………………
Table 5 Performance Efficiency of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the End-
Users…………..
Table 6 Usability of the BSNHS Online Newspaper by the IT
Experts…………………………….
Table 7 Usability of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the End-Users
Table 8 Level of Effectiveness of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by IT Experts
Table 9 Level of Effectiveness of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by End-Users
List of Figures
Figure 1 Conceptual framework ……………………………………………………………..…..
Figure 2 Agile Development Model ……………………………………………………………..
Figure 3 Research Locale of the Study …………………………………………………………..
Figure 4 Quality Model for Product Quality Evaluation System (ISO 25000 Standards)
………………
List of Appendices
Appendix A
It Experts & End - Users' Evaluation Form ………………………………………….25
Appendix B.1
Letter of Permission to Request Data and Conduct Research………………………..26
Appendix B.2
Informed Consent…………………………………………………………………….27
Appendix C
Actual Pictures of System's Development and Evaluation…………………………...28
Appendix D
Curriculum Vitae……………………………………………………………………...29
Appendix E
Geographical Location of Bartolome Sangalang National High School, Google Map..30
Appendix F
Conceptual Framework…………………………………………………………….3
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
Janina Kayla A. Padre is a student at Bartolome Sangalang National
High School. Born on November 5, 2008, she lives in San Roque West,
Guimba, Nueva Ecija. She completed her elementary education at
Guimba East Central School. Kayla dreams of making a positive impact
and contributing to a better world. Her ultimate goal is to become a doctor
and help people wholeheartedly. She believes that tenderness and care can be found in our hands,
and she wants to use her hands to bring healing and long life to others. Kayla is also passionate
about journalism, as she wants to share meaningful stories and become a politician as her second
option. In addition, she finds joy in the art of dancing, playing instruments, and singing. She truly
believes that dreams really can come true if you have the courage to pursue them.
Keira Cristelle S. Rindole, a fourth year High School ICT student in
Bartolome Sangalang National High School. She was born on June 2,
2008 and currently leaving in Brgy. Maturanoc, Guimba, Nueva Ecija.
She graduated at Guimba East Central School. Her journey has been
influenced by her intense love of painting, which satisfies her need to
interact with the world. Dedicated to continuous personal growth, She embrace each day as an
opportunity to connect with others and make a positive impact.She tries to promote kindness and
understanding in every encounter by having an open mind to different viewpoints and a heart full
of empathy. She is a student with high dreams in life and studying hard for the future.
Janina Jade R. Mendoza is a student at Bartolome Sangalang
National High School. A fourth-year high school student is taking a
course in the Special Program in Information and Communication
Technology (SP-ICT). She was born on March 19, 2008, and is
currently residing in Barangay Guiset, Guimba, Nueva Ecija. She
graduated from elementary school at Guimba East Central School in 2020. She believes that we
need to remind ourselves what things are and what they’re made of because formalizing curiosity
puts a blazing perspective on who we are.

Julienne DG. Jimenez, a 4th year ICT student at Bartolome
Sangalang National High School. Born on October 18 2008 and
currently residing at Brgy. Bantug, Guimba Nueva Ecija. She
graduated from elementary at Guimba east central school. She wants
to become a successful general surgeon, so that she can make a
significant impact on people's lives by dealing with different medical conditions. Julienne are
passionate about science, medicine and helping others and it became her goal to pursue medicine
degree. As she believes that doctor is the profession where knowledge, power and heart come
together.
Jedi Mae Dela Cruz, is a fourth-year high school student in Bartolome
Sangalang National Highschool in Guimba, Nueva Ecija. She was born
on May 20, 2008. She is the last born of Mr. Gilbert Dela Cruz and Mrs.
Grecia Dela Cruz . She has 2 siblings. Her family resides at San Rafael,
Guimba Nueva Ecija. She took her elementary at Pasong Inchik- San
Rafael Elementary School and graduated in 2020. She believes that, No
matter how hard your path is, there's always a way to make it easier
Warren Soriano, born on September 14, 2008, in Rizal, Philippines, is
a fourth-year high school student at Bartolome Sangalang National
High School in Guimba, Nueva Ecija. Living in Barangay
Nagpandayan, Guimba, Warren completed elementary school there,
setting the stage for his education. He's in the SP-ICT section, showing
his love for tech and his drive to do well. Additionally, Warren dreams of being a marine engineer,
inspired by his love for the sea and ships.
Akira Mark C. Motil is currently enrolled as a fourth-year student at
Bartolome Sanggalang National High School of Guimba. A grade 10 ICT
student. He was born March 19,2008 and currently living at Brgy.
Macapabellag Guimba Nueva Ecija. He graduated from elementary at
Guimba East Central School..

Rico L. Jose, is a fourth-year high school student in Bartolome
Sangalang National Highschool in Guimba, Nueva Ecija. He was born
on December 13, 2007. He is the last born of Mr. Reynaldo Jose and
Mrs. Melissa Jose. He has 2 siblings. His family resides at San Roque,
Guimba Nueva Ecija. He took his elementary at San Roque Elementary
School and graduated in 2020. He believes that, everything that occurs is a reflection of God's
will.s
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ONLINE NEWSPAPER OF BARTOLOME
SANGALANG NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL OF BARTOLOME SANGALANG
NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL USING WIX
Abstract
The research study titled "Design and Development of an Online Newspaper of Bartolome
Sangalang National High School Using Wix" presents a comprehensive exploration of creating a
digital platform that serves as a newspaper for the school community. The primary objectives of
this research are to address the concerns of paper waste reduction and align with the technological
preferences of today's students. By leveraging technology, the project aims to foster journalism
skills and enhance reading abilities among the student population . The research team employed a
systematic approach to design and develop a user-friendly web page that encapsulates the essence
of a traditional newspaper. The platform serve as an informative hub, delivering the latest news
and events within Bartolome Sangalang National High School. By curating relevant and engaging
content, the online newspaper caters to the diverse interests of the school community, fostering a
sense of unity and shared knowledge.
In conclusion, this research aims to design and develop an online newspaper for Bartolome
Sangalang National High School. By embracing technological advancements and reducing paper
waste, the project aims to provide a dynamic and informative platform for the school community.
Moreover, the online newspaper serves as a medium to nurture journalism skills, promote reading
habits, and keep students abreast of the latest happenings within the school.
Keywords : Digital Newspaper, Digital Newsroom , Digital Journalism
CHAPTER I
Background of the Study
Journalism is a means of discovering the truth. COVID-19 has been a barrier to our doing
things freely during the last two years. People were only limited in what they could do and were
prohibited in various ways, such as walking outside, which forced them to struggle to obtain their
necessities. Technology was widely employed among students and office workers at the time.
Academically, school journalism competitions lost their value because we were living during the
COVID-19 pandemic, which brought the schooling system to a halt. With the passage of time,
instructors or leaders finally break down the barrier that separates us from the real world.
The lack of connection we felt through the loss of our closure in the past 2 years has affected
us and is still felt at the present time. Technology helps us to stay on track to be informative and
up-to-date; it has the ability to be easy to access through information, so it would help the users.
Primarily, there were 85.16 million internet users in the Philippines in January 2023. (Manila
Bulletin 2023) In connection with the digital form of newspapers, people will have the attraction
to access online publications, and it would be easier to conduct a comparison to manual
newspapers.
One of the importance of using online news paper is it provides immediate access to real-
time news updates, allowing readers to stay informed about current events as they unfold. The
digital format offers a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional print newspapers,
reducing paper consumption and waste. Additionally, online newspapers often provide interactive
features, such as multimedia content and reader comments, fostering a more engaging and
participatory news consumption experience. Lastly, the convenience of accessing online
newspapers from various devices ensures that people can stay connected to news anytime and
anywhere, enhancing overall accessibility and connectivity.
Journalists today are expected to be skilled in areas other than print media. Professional
journalists must provide regular updates and uploads to internet media as well as complete pieces
for print newspapers. Allowing secondary publishing students to work in both media allows them
to gain real-world experience while simultaneously developing talents that will appeal to
university journalism schools. Online newspapers will have the role of being the site where we
can connect to through school updates.
According to observations, Bartolome Sangalang National High School updates in various
categories of competition or news updates have separate pages, such as in the category of
Alingawngaw team and The Echo Team. The activities and program updates posted on the BSNHS
page. Competitions uploaded by the student's handler, such as the athlete's trainer. In developing
this online newspaper, we are desired to organize updates and news through one site. Without
having to wait for a traditional newspaper, online newspapers provide a quick and easy way for
readers to get the most recent news and happenings. Unlike print news, which is primarily intended
for a local or regional readership, it is also accessible worldwide, making them invaluable sources
of information for people everywhere. Additionally, online newspapers are better for the
environment because they require less storage and transit, and they don't use as much ink and
paper.
The primary goal of our online newspaper is to report on the events that are anticipated by
the students at Bartolome Sangalang National High School. For instance, when Math Month
arrives, news about this subject from Bartolome Sangalang National High School's two official
publications will be uploaded on this website. Additionally, it would make publishing materials
for the school easier for the teachers. As an alternative, a student might be interested in receiving
weekly updates on school news, including information on announcements, events, weather, and
accomplishments. It is necessary for both faculty and students to be aware of what goes on within
Bartolome Sangalang National High School. The purpose of this research is to find a simpler
means of disseminating information throughout the school. Our digital newspaper will benefit
readers as well as journalists since they will be provided with a website that can expand their
understanding of technology and sharpens their abilities to use it to report on news stories.
Statement of the Problem
Using Wix, the study is titled "Design and Development of an Online Newspaper of
Bartolome Sangalang National High School." Its principal aim is to design, assess, and enable data
gathering and integration that will support decision-making in semi-structured scenarios and
transform the data into an alternate approach to problem-solving.

It provides specific answers to the following:
1. What is the process for developing an online newspaper using Wyx for Bartolome Sangalang
National High School utilizing the Agile Model?
Phases in terms of;
1.1 defining requirements;
1.2 system design;
1.3 development;
1.4 quality assurance;
1.5 user acceptance testing; and
1.6 releasing?
Objectives Of The Study
1. To design and develop an interactive and user-friendly online newspaper platform for
Bartolome Sangalang National High School.
2. To assess the usability and effectiveness of the developed online newspaper platform in
enhancing communication and information dissemination within the Bartolome Sangalang
National High School community.
Significance of the Study

This research will examine the effectiveness of design and development of an online
newspaper of Bartolome Sangalang national high school using wix. The result of this study may
be beneficial to the following.
Students. Through this study, they can easily access information and activities at Bartolome
Sangalang National High School. Students' writing and grammatical skills will also benefit from
this.
Administrator of the School. Understanding the knowledge and events that will occur within
the school is essential. Because this study removes the need for the school to pay for printed
newspapers, teachers additionally benefit from it.
Journalists. Because they will be producing and publishing an online newspaper at
Bartolome Sangalang National High School, this study aids journalists in honing their field of
work. Helping journalists develop their leadership abilities is one of the study's objectives.
Parents. One of the study's goals is to serve as a repository for all information about events
and activities happening at the school.
Academic Staff Members. The purpose of this study is to give faculty and staff information
about current events at Bartolome Sangalang National High School.
Scope and Limitations
This research focuses on providing a dynamic and accessible platform for students to stay
updated on current events. Online newspapers aim to provide an interactive and engaging learning
environment by providing students with a wide range of information beyond traditional

educational tools. The purpose is not only is it used to teach students information, but also used to
find out current events or situations within the school.
This study focuses on developing an online newspaper using Wix by utilizing the agile
model which includes defining requirements, system design, development, quality assurance, user
acceptance, testing, and releasing. Features include publishing goals, organizing uploaded files
according to each goal that the journalists have completed, and producing activity reports for each
user, and providing decision-making support that would be extremely beneficial to the school
administrator in helping the journalist with their technological needs. However, it is critical to
recognize several limitations in this research. This study will not address the decline in print
newspapers, reliance on internet access. Generalizability beyond the school context may be
restricted, this website is not accessible outside the school; it's exclusively for use by students,
faculty, and staff of Bartolome Sangalang National High School. Finally, issues of online security
and privacy may develop, necessitating careful user data management to provide a safe and
responsible online environment within the school setting.
By utilizing a relational database management system, the system ensures data integrity,
minimizes data redundancy, is user-friendly, adaptable, and compatible with any web browser
while also being reasonably secure.
Definition of Terms
Agile model- It refers to the iterative approach to delivering a software product. This means
that instead of delivering a large project only when all parts are complete, a team breaks down a
large project into smaller parts and delivers these completed smaller parts in regular cycles (Crystal
Chilman, Deborah Schell, 2023).
Digital literacy- Focused on digital skills. An individual's ability to find, evaluate, and
communicate information using typing or digital media platforms. Create, evaluate, and share
information. Extends the foundational skills of the traditional literacies (Wikipedia, 2024).
Journalistic practice- Journalism Practice is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the
professional practice and relevance of journalism (Bob Franklin, 2023).
Newsroom- a place (such as an office) where news is prepared for publication or broadcast
(Meriam Webster, 2024).
Readership- The people who read or are thought to read a particular book, newspaper,
magazine (Collins Dictionary, 2024).
Publication- The act of making information, stories, or pictures available to people either in
books, newspapers, magazines, etc. or online (Cambridge Dictionary, 2024).
A journalist is an individual who collects/gathers information in the form of text, audio, or
pictures, processes it into a news-worthy form, and disseminates it to the public. (Wikipedia, 2023)
Journalism - The act or process mainly done by the journalist is called journalism.
(Wikipedia, 2023)
Wix - Windows Installer XML Toolset (WiX, pronounced "wicks") is a free software toolset
that builds Windows Installer packages from XML. (Wikipedia, 2023)

IT- Information technology (IT) is the use of any computers, storage, networking and other
physical devices, infrastructure, and processes to create, process, store, secure and exchange all
forms of electronic data. (TechTarget, 2023)

CHAPTER 2
Review of Related Literature
Review of Related Literature
The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 has, as everyone knows, put us in a difficult situation.
This is ideal for compiling news or data from your city or the entire nation. Students' lack of
awareness of school news and updates is one of its most significant effects. Especially for pupils
with less background in journalism. Indeed, as our culture and technology progress and we become
more reliant on internet news, print newspapers will gradually lose their appeal and utility. We
came to understand how important the internet was to our lives during the pandemic. It is because
digital platforms and websites allow us to stay up to date on events happening locally or even
worldwide. There are 73 million internet users in the Philippines, per a poll (Statista, 2020). We
can always post the most recent events and updates. Wider reach, affordability, interactive features,
searchability, and environmental friendliness are a few advantages. In addition to these advantages,
this will improve students' reading comprehension and skills since they are more entertained online
or because they prefer the internet because it is available exclusively on their phones, which they
can carry with them wherever they go. It is said that the Total number of Filipino Social Media
Users is 84.45 million (Meltwater, 2023).
The data provided by Digital Newspaper is more precise. (Abimbola & Ademola, 2023). For
students, online journalism through digital newspapers can assist them in improving their
technology literacy. Their ability to distinguish between false and truthful information will be put
to the test. Nowadays, regular reading using online newspapers has motivated students to write
better. They found reading more interesting and enjoyable, which in turn encouraged them to write
more. They can now express their ideas more easily and develop their writing skills more
effectively compared to before using online newspapers. Therefore, this technique is an effective
means of arousing interest in reading (Yuliarsih & Harini, 2023). Online newspaper also improves
students’ writing skills, but it also improves students' grammar. Action research indicates that the
implementation of critical thinking has positive impacts on students’ attitudes to writing and their
writing performance (Nguyen 2016). Numerous advantages, fostering a dynamic and accessible
platform for students and educators. Instant accessibility, multimedia integration, and real-time
updates empower the school community to stay informed conveniently.
Giving pupils a voice is one of the primary goals or functions of the high school digital school
newspaper. Through this digital school newspaper, youths will learn how to voice their issues and
understand accurate information. in particular, improving their writing, editing, and layout
abilities. We have benefited greatly from online newspapers in numerous ways that we were
unaware of. Effective information is provided to us via digital publications, which also give us a
forum for speaking out and exercising our civic rights (IJELLH, 2016). These merely made high
school students aware that, as long as it's early enough or they are still in their teenage years, they
would eventually learn to distinguish between what is real and what is untrue, as well as how to
speak up and align themselves with the truth. One of the most significant roles that digital
publications play and that students should be made aware of is that they provide them with the
means to become intelligent readers and leaders. The online school newspaper also had a
significant impact on students' vocabulary development, social awareness, and encouragement of
critical thinking. These days, social awareness is crucial for pupils. Throughout the months, there
are a lot of activities and celebrations in schools, especially in high school. For example, there is
a month-long celebration of math, English, and other programs. The majority of students need to
be aware of the improvements and changes that have been made to the school newspaper online.
It's true that several educational institutions have their own social media accounts.
Digital Publication provides a space for readers to leave comments that express their thoughts
and feelings. Digital newspaper platforms are also far more beneficial in terms of data availability,
not only because they provide accurate information but also because it allow for faster searches of
the material. Based on cash or budget, as opposed to printed newspapers, which require large sums
of money to publish and distribute to millions or thousands of readers countrywide. While it is a
hustle, some claim that an interdigital writing platform is a more affordable approach to telling
people about the most recent events and information without going over budget (Ademola &
Abimbola, 2023). A data set from 2012 indicates that approximately 600 million people prefer
reading newspapers online (IFABC, 2012). Similar to the school newspaper, children in this
generation are more likely to use social media, and since creating a digital newspaper is far less
expensive than printing one, the school does not need to worry about funding for the printed
version. According to a survey, the new student generation, which is between the ages of 18 and
22, has a reference for online news consumption (Chyi, 2013). Online articles are typically shorter
than print ones because they are recreated only for the web (Public Relations Sydney, 2021). This
demonstrates that data from online newspapers is more trustworthy or accurate than data from
printed newspapers. Since printed newspapers are known for having word limits, it stands to reason
that Internet publications provide a wider range of information. It is also not word-limited, which
allows for the free inclusion of a great deal of essential information and even extremely low
production costs. The amount of wasted trees in the world is one of the printed newspapers' primary
concerns. Papers are extremely necessary for the printing of printed newspapers, which leads to
our obtaining natural resources from the surrounding area, particularly from our trees. 42 million
trees are reportedly cut down every day for paper and other things, according to studies. Every
day, more than 200 million trees are felled to produce paper. In other words, a tree is felled every
2.5 seconds. Between 4 and 8 billion trees are thought to be utilized annually for paper (Kilgore,
2023). We can preserve a lot of trees and be environmentally conscious using Digital Newspapers.
As explicated by Tewksbury (2003, p.694): "It appears online readers are particularly likely
to pursue their own interests, and they are less likely to follow the cues of news editors and
producers." A second online newspaper function may be one of an "alarm medium," useful to
obtain breaking news at one quick glance throughout the day. Because no one wants to read the
news yesterday or the day after, everybody wishes to read the news every day. Unlike print
editions, which are often limited to a local or regional readership, online news sheets can reach a
global audience. The internet is now important in schools and our daily lives. It helps us understand
how kids learn and how teachers teach. All teachers can use it, and it's a useful tool for teaching
and learning. But, like any tool, we need to be careful how we use it. "Online newspapers can
make learning more interesting for students, giving them something new and different from their
usual classes”. (Smith & Osborn, 2020).
Editor-in-chief of an Online News Website (Mr. Taj, 2019, p. 12) said, "If they love
journalism, they can learn." This motivational quote from Mr. Taj's viewpoint gave meaning to the
effects of newsrooms in the digital age. One effect is that students will become great leaders. Jiang
and Rafeeq conducted a focus group discussion in 2019, and one out of six students thought that
independence and leadership are important aspects of journalism. This indicates that training in
digital journalism, particularly for high school students, will eventually impart independence and
leadership abilities. Additionally, reading digital newspapers helps readers and pupils develop their
critical thinking and vocabulary. According to a poll conducted among 244 students studying
communication and media at Lahore's institutions, 68% of media students read the news for about
30 minutes a day, 65% liked daily updates, and 62% said it was easier to get news online. 79% of
people resorted to Internet news during emergencies, yet only 52% thought it was reliable. Only
33%of respondents were prepared to buy print newspapers, despite worries about the destruction
of trees. 67% of respondents preferred free access to online news sources (Shahzad, Hussain,
Saleem , 2013). As teenagers in high school, we must keep a closer eye on events and current
issues both locally and worldwide. We have the right to know what is happening and to be informed
of any concerns or problems that exist across the country. Students should read digital newspapers
since they broaden their perspectives on the difficulties that the world is currently facing. It's been
claimed that power increases with knowledge (Gulshan, 2023). Similar to educational institutions,
we are entitled to be informed about local events. Whether in the form of news for teachers and
faculty, sports, stories published in the school's official newspaper with life lessons, academically
connected activities, or even extracurricular activities. Currently, 97% of teenagers report using
the Internet every day, up from 92% in 2022 (Vogels, Gelles-Watnick, & Massarat , 2022)
Students' writing abilities are displayed in the school newspaper, and they learn how to express
their opinions. A newspaper is the ideal medium for creatively capturing the ingenuity and
originality of youthful minds (HER group, 2019).
“Extensive and profitable use of the internet as a medium of language learning is now being
made by many language teachers" (Hartoyo 2012: p. 31). This study combines the interest of
people in using the Internet by introducing online newspapers to students, so they can use the
Internet not only for entertainment but also for looking for information and news. The introduction
of a digital school newspaper can have a significant impact on both teachers and students. The
launch of a digital school newspaper can present chances for faculty member's professional growth
and teamwork. In addition to creating material, faculty members can mentor student journalists
and participate in multidisciplinary projects centered around media literacy and journalism. The
digital school newspaper can also give teachers a forum to present their knowledge and creative
teaching strategies, which will increase their visibility within the school community.
Not only may online school newspapers benefit students, but they also support students
who have a strong interest in journalism and want to pursue careers in it. As everyone knows, the
primary purpose of newspapers is to provide readers with up-to-date news and current information
either nationally or internationally. Newspapers serve not only as informational sources but also
as sources of entertainment, education, and storytelling for their audience. Academically speaking,
journalism has always been important in schools and for students. Since the pandemic, students
have become more reliant on the internet, and journalism, which was once done in person, has
gone digital, allowing students to become accustomed to it. One of its key responsibilities in digital
journalism, or digital newspapers, is to instruct students in a variety of subjects, including
photography, layout, digital writing, and fact and data collection. The ability to interact with the
paper itself is one way that the online newspaper helps students improve their technological and
journalistic literacy. Students these days use social media platforms more than anyone else in our
time because they make it easier for them to find a wide range of information online. Better
comprehension is one way that using technology influences pupils (bau.edu, 2022). With
technology, every student essentially holds the entire world in their hands. Student journals serve
as essential for informing students about campus events and occurrences, exposing errors of
judgment, keeping leadership accountable, and informing the greater community about significant
happenings. The newspaper can also be used to improve the student's higher thinking skills. An
online school newspaper plays a vital role in enhancing students' technological and journalistic
literacy. By working on the digital platform, students have the opportunity to develop essential
technological skills such as multimedia content creation, digital publishing, and online
communication. These skills are increasingly important in today's digital age and can provide
students with valuable experience and proficiency in using various digital tools and platforms.
Students receive important experience with digital tools and platforms by working on an online
newspaper (Višňovský, Radošinská & Predmerská, 2015).
Giora Kaplan, Avishai Abrahami, and Nadav Abrahami discovered the Wix website builder.
It offers web development services that are cloud-based. It offers the website builders with apps,
graphics, picture galleries, fonts, vectors, animations, and other features, along with configurable
website themes. Users can also choose to start from scratch when building their websites. Users
can incorporate third-party apps, such photo streams, blogs, music playlists, online communities,
email marketing, and file management, onto their own websites. The Velo API allows for the
insertion of various JavaScript code into Wix webpages (Web development company, 2023). WIX
will be the website builder that we use to accomplish this study. We want the students to view the
most recent news as well as the portals for Ang Alingawngaw and The Echo upon initial debut.
Each of them has a dedicated page where the news from The Echo and Alingawngaw is displayed
separately. Here's where we define our layout to make this work. The first step in creating a
website is to conceptualize its layout (WIXblog, 2023). Once this is done, we will gather content
for the website and design its various features. The websites of Ang Alingawngaw and The Echo,
where editorial board member profiles are posted, also feature the members of the editorial boards
of both periodicals.
CHAPTER III
This chapter shows the Research design, Research locale, Sample and Sampling
procedure’s, Data gathering procedures and the statistical treatment
of data that were employed in it.
Theoretical Framework
The theoretical framework for the study "Design and Development of an Online Newspaper of
Bartolome Sangalang National High School" is based on three fundamental concepts: online
communication, information dissemination, and user experience. Online communication plays a
crucial role in modern educational institutions by facilitating the efficient exchange of information,
ideas, and messages through digital channels. In the context of the study, the focus is on leveraging
an online newspaper platform as a valuable tool to enhance communication within the Bartolome
Sangalang National High School community. Information dissemination is another key concept,
emphasizing the need for comprehensive and timely sharing of news, announcements, events, and
other relevant information among stakeholders.
The theoretical framework recognizes that an online newspaper platform can centralize and
streamline the dissemination process, ensuring that all members of the school community have
access to the latest updates. Lastly, the framework acknowledges the importance of user experience
(UX) in designing and developing the platform. A positive and engaging user experience is crucial
for user satisfaction and effectiveness. Therefore, considerations such as intuitive navigation,
visually appealing layout, mobile responsiveness, accessibility features, and interactive elements
are essential to enhance user engagement and satisfaction. By integrating these concepts, the study
aims to create an online newspaper platform that promotes seamless communication and enhances
the overall information sharing experience within the Bartolome Sangalang National High School
community.
Conceptual Framework
Design and
Development
of Online
Newspaper of
Bartolome
Sangalang
National High
School
gathering and organizing faculty reviews and individual performance commitments at Bartolome
Sangalang National High School.
The study's research paradigm is broken down into several stages, each with specific
requirements. They come from the Agile Development Model stages. The system's quality will be
designed, developed, and tested using the six (6) phases of agile.
In the Agile Model, defining requirements is the most crucial and essential step. The
fundamental project strategy is then planned to use the established requirements, and a technical,
operational, and economical product feasibility assessment is carried out. Finding the modules,
interfaces, and other parts of the system that will meet the criteria is the task of the System Design
stage.
The system consists of a device and a website, as can be seen from the development stage.
Additionally, it displays the programming languages used in the procedure. Following several
standards that will also be applied in the testing phase, the quality assurance stage assesses the
system's compliance with the requirements. Prior to going on to the following phase, these entails
identifying and evaluating any potential risks related to the project and catching any issues that
might have been introduced. In the user acceptability testing phase, end users and IT specialists
assess the system according to the specified standards. The last phase, referred to as the "releasing
stage," involves hosting a website and installing a system to ensure smooth turnover.
Research Method
The research methodology employed in the study was developmental. Developmental
research is the methodical study of creating, refining, and assessing educational processes,
products, and programs that have to comply with internal consistency and efficacy standards. In
the subject of instructional technology, developmental research is essential. The most typical
scenarios for developmental research include those in which the finished product is assessed, and
the product-development process is examined and documented (Richey, 1994).

Based on the Agile Development Model, the Design and Development of an Online
Newspaper of Bartolome Sangalang National Highschool was developed. By combining
incremental and iterative process models, the agile software development life cycle (SDLC)
model prioritizes process flexibility and customer satisfaction through the quick delivery of
functional software products.
Figure 7
Agile Development Model
Additionally, the study employed the descriptive research approach to collect the data
required to assess the validity of the system functionality in terms of system features using
survey questionnaires. A research methodology that describes the features of the population or
phenomenon being examined is known as a descriptive study. The most common type of
descriptive research approach is the survey, which is usually undertaken on more specialized
themes and involves interviews or discussions with bigger audiences. The journalists from The
Echo and Alingawngaw and the Editor in Chief of the school newspaper were the best sources of
information for the researcher at Bartolome Sangalang National High School. Following
questioning from the Journalists, the researcher explained the answers provided. The objective is
to ascertain which system features will benefit the school the most and how they will assist in
gathering and organizing faculty reviews and individual performance commitments at Bartolome
Sangalang National High School.
Research Design
The research design for the study "Design and Development of an Online Newspaper of
Bartolome Sangalang National High School" will employ a sequential exploratory mixed-methods
design. This design involves an initial qualitative phase followed by a quantitative phase to provide
a comprehensive understanding of the research objectives.
1. Qualitative Phase
• Sampling: Purposive sampling will be used to select participants, including school
administrators, teachers, students, and parents. A diverse range of participants will be
included to capture various perspectives and experiences related to communication and
information dissemination.
• Data Collection: Qualitative data will be collected through semi-structured interviews,
focus group discussions (FGDs), observations, and document analysis. Interviews will be
conducted with key stakeholders to explore their needs, preferences, and expectations
regarding the online newspaper platform. FGDs will facilitate group discussions and
generate collective insights. Observations and document analysis will provide contextual
information about existing communication practices and information dissemination
methods.
• Data Analysis: Thematic analysis will be employed to analyze the qualitative data.
Transcribed interviews, FGDs, and observational notes will be coded and categorized into
themes and sub-themes. Patterns and relationships within the data will be identified to gain
a deeper understanding of the research objectives.
1. Quantitative Phase
• Sampling: The target population will include Bartolome Sangalang National High School
students, teachers, and parents. A representative sample will be selected using stratified
random sampling, ensuring proportional representation from each group.
• Data Collection: Quantitative data will be collected through structured surveys. The
surveys will include questions related to the usability and effectiveness of the online
newspaper platform in enhancing communication and information dissemination. The
surveys will be administered electronically or in paper format, depending on the
participants' preferences.
• Data Analysis: Descriptive statistics will be used to summarize the survey responses,
including frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistics, such as correlations and
regression analysis, will be employed to examine relationships between variables and
determine the impact of the online newspaper platform on communication within the
school community.
Research Locale
The study was conducted at Bartolome Sangalang National High School, it is a public secondary
educational institution located in Guimba, Nueva Ecija. The school is traversed from Barawid
Street on the eastern side and Afan Salvador St. on the western side of Brgy. Saint John , Guimba,
Nueva Ecija.
Source: maps.google.com
Figure 3
Research Locale of the Study
Samples and Sampling Procedures
The tools utilized to evaluate the functionality and performance of the system consist of IT
practitioners selected based on their professional experience and academic qualifications. The
selection is based on a master's degree in information and technology of IT experts that are ICT
teachers in the school with years of teaching experience.

The end-users of the system are the school paper advisers and coaches of both official
publications of Bartolome Sangalang National High School. As they will be responsible for using
and maintaining the system, their feedback is vital, particularly after the system's transition.
Research Instruments
A survey instrument based on the ISO/IEC standard for System and Software Product Quality
Model, developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the
International Electro-Technical Commission (IEC), was used. The questionnaire used for IT
experts was more detailed and included more characteristics, while the questionnaire used for the
end-users focused on the system's functionalities.
The evaluators answered the questionnaire using a four-point scale that indicates their degree of
agreement or disagreement with the system's observed technical characteristics. Figure 4 shows
the quality model, which is the foundation of a product quality evaluation system (ISO 25000
Standards) that will be evaluated by the stakeholders.
Figure 4
Quality Model for Product Quality Evaluation System (ISO 25000 Standards)
Data Gathering Procedure
The data gathering procedure for the study "Design and Development of an Online Newspaper
of Bartolome Sangalang National High School" will involve a combination of qualitative and
quantitative methods. In the qualitative phase, interviews will be conducted with school
administrators, teachers, students, and parents. These interviews will be scheduled at convenient
times and locations, and participants will be asked open-ended questions to gather their
perspectives, insights, and suggestions regarding the online newspaper platform. Focus group
discussions will also be held, involving diverse groups of stakeholders, to facilitate group
interactions and generate collective insights.
Observations will be conducted to observe the existing communication practices within the
school, while document analysis will be performed on relevant materials such as newsletters and
announcements. In the quantitative phase, a structured survey questionnaire will be developed,
covering aspects related to usability, satisfaction, and the impact of the online newspaper platform
on communication. The survey will be administered to a representative sample of students,
teachers, and parents, using stratified random sampling. The collected data from interviews, focus
groups, observations, document analysis, and surveys will be integrated to provide a
comprehensive analysis. Triangulation of the qualitative and quantitative findings will be
conducted to ensure the validity and reliability of the research outcomes. This data gathering
procedure aims to capture a holistic understanding of the design and development of the online
newspaper platform and its effects on communication and information dissemination within
Bartolome Sangalang National High School.

Data Analysis
To provide a meaningful descriptive interpretation of the study's outcomes and findings,
the collected data were analyzed using the proper technique and statistical tools.
1. The six (6) steps of the AGILE Model—define requirements, system design, development,
quality assurance, user acceptability testing, and releasing—were used to characterize the system's
development phase.
2. Mean with Weights. The information that the field researcher gathered was examined.
Weighted mean was employed statistically to evaluate the system's consistency and dependability.
The efficacy of the designed system's implementation was assessed using a different tool. The
replies and descriptor options in Table 11 of the instrument were as follows:
Table 1
Scoring Guide for Level of Effectiveness of the Implementation of the
Online Newspaper of Bartolome Sangalang National High School
Interpretation Descriptor
3.25 – 4.00 Highly Effective
2.50 – 3.24 Effective
1.75 – 2.49 Less Effective
1.00 – 1.74 Not Effective

The acceptance point for the items will be 2.50 and any mean below 2.50 will be
regarded as less effective and not effective.
1. Assessment of the Online Newspaper of Bartolome Sangalang National Highschool by
IT Experts and End-Users
The corresponding tables show the technical qualities of the Design and Development of
an Online Newspaper of Bartolome Sangalang National Highschool using Wix by the IT Experts
and End-Users.
1.1 Functional Suitability
Table 2 displays the findings of the IT specialists' functional appropriateness assessment of the
BSNHS Online Newspaper. According to the ISO/IEC 25010 Software Quality Standard, the
functional completeness, functional correctness, and functional appropriateness of the system have
been used to characterize its functional suitability. It is worried about the tasks it plans to complete
in compliance with this requirement.
Table 2
Functional Suitability of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the IT Experts
Software Product Quality Categories Weighted Mean Verbal

Interpretation
1. Functional Completeness. The

BSNHS Online Newspaper covers all
3.80 Highly Functional
the specified tasks and user
objectives.
2. Functional Correctness. The

BSNHS Online Newspaper provides 4.00 Highly Functional
correct results with needed degree of
precision.
3. Functional Appropriateness. The
BSNHS Online Newspaper facilitate 3.80 Highly Functional
the accomplishment of specified
tasks and objectives.
Average Weighted Mean 3.86 Highly Functional
With an average weighted mean of 3.86, the functional sustainability was determined to be
extremely functional. The majority of respondents assessed the functional completeness,
functional accuracy, and functional appropriateness as "Highly Functional". The results showed
that by meeting requirements and enhancing confidence and satisfaction, the system provides
advantages and benefits to IT experts. Additionally, users demonstrate that when an installation is
carried out, the set of activities and operations in BSNHS Online Newspaper are completed.
Table 3 presents the outcome of the End-Users' evaluation of BSNHS Online Newspaper
based on its Functional Suitability.
Table 3
Functional Suitability of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the End-Users
Verbal
Software Product Quality Categories Weighted Mean
Interpretation
1. Functional Completeness. The

BSNHS Online Newspaper covers all the 3.80 Highly Functional
specified tasks and user objectives.
2. Functional Correctness. The

BSNHS Online Newspaper provides 4.00 Highly Functional
correct results with needed degree of
precision.
3. Functional Appropriateness. The
BSNHS Online Newspaper facilitate the 3.80 Highly Functional
accomplishment of specified tasks and
objectives.
Average Weighted Mean 3.86 Highly Functional
With an average weighted mean of 3.86, the functional sustainability was determined to be
extremely functional. The majority of respondents assessed the functional completeness,
functional accuracy, and functional appropriateness as "Highly Functional." The findings
demonstrated that by satisfying End-Users' demands and increasing their trust and contentment,
the system offers advantages and benefits to them. Furthermore, the users show that an installation
is successful when all of the duties and processes associated with the BSNHS Online Newspaper
are finished.
2.2 Performance Efficiency
The results of the IT specialists' assessment of the BSNHS Online Newspaper based on its
Performance Efficiency are shown in Table 4. The system's performance efficiency was shown
using the preceding qualities, which were based on the ISO/IEC 25010 standard for software
quality: time behavior, resource consumption, and capacity.
Table 4
Performance Efficiency of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the IT Experts

Interpretation
1. Time Behavior. The BSNHS Online 4.00 Highly Efficient
Newspaper response and processing
time and throughput rate of the system
meet the requirements when it
functions.
2. Resource Utilization. The amount and

type of resources used by the BSNHS 4.00 Highly Efficient
Online Newspaper when performing its
functions meet the requirements.
3. Capacity. The BSNHS Online 3.60 Highly Efficient

Newspaper meets the maximum limits
of the system parameter.
Average Weighted Mean 3.86 Highly Efficient
With an average weighted mean of 3.86, the system's performance efficiency was deemed
extremely efficient. The majority of respondents rated the capacity, resource consumption, and
time behavior as "Highly Efficient." The results show that when carrying out its tasks, the response
and processing times for information requests meet the necessary standards.
As shown in Table 5 the findings of the End-Users’ evaluation on BSNHS Online
Newspaper according on its Performance Efficiency.
Table 5
Performance Efficiency of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the End-Users
Verbal
Software Product Quality Categories Weighted Mean
Interpretation
1. Time Behavior. The BSNHS Online

Newspaper response and processing time 3.80 Highly Efficient
and throughput rate of the system meet the
requirements when it functions.
2. Resource Utilization. The amount and

type of resources used by the BSNHS 3.60 Highly Efficient
Online Newspaper when performing its
functions meet the requirements.
3. Capacity. The BSNHS Online
Newspaper meets the maximum limits of 3.60 Highly Efficient
the system parameter.
Average Weighted Mean 3.66 Highly Efficient
With an average weighted mean of 3.66, the system's performance efficiency was deemed
extremely efficient. The majority of respondents rated the capacity, resource consumption, and
time behavior as "Highly Efficient." The findings demonstrate that the system satisfies criteria in
terms of response and processing times for information requests.
2.3 Usability
Based on Table 6, the result of the evaluation made by the IT experts on the BSNHS Online
Newspaper regarding on usability. Based on ISO/IEC 25010 standard for software quality, its
usability was described according to the following characteristics: appropriateness recognizability,
learnability, operability, use error protection, user interface aesthetics, and accessibility.
Table 6
Usability of the BSNHS Online Newspaper by the IT Experts

Interpretation
1. Appropriateness
Recognizability. The users can
recognize that the developed BSNHS 4.00 Highly Usable
Online Newspaper is appropriate for
their needs.
2. Learnability. Specified users can

use the BSNHS Online Newspaper to 4.00 Highly Usable
achieve specified learning goals to
use the system with effectiveness,
efficiency, freedom from risk, and
satisfaction in a specified context of
use.
3. Operability. The BSNHS Online

Newspaper has attributes that make 3.60 Highly Usable
it easy to operate and control.
4. User error protection. The BSNHS

Online Newspaper protects users 3.60 Highly Usable
against making errors.
5. User interface aesthetics. The

BSNHS Online Newspaper user 3.60 Highly Usable
interface enables pleasing and
satisfying interaction for the user.
6. Accessibility. Users can use the

BSNHS Online Newspaper with the
broadest range of characteristics 3.80 Highly Usable
and capabilities to achieve a
specified goal in a specified context
of use.
Average Weighted Mean 3.76 Highly Usable
The respondents evaluated appropriateness recognizability, learnability, operability, and
accessibility as "Highly Usable. On the other hand, user error protections and user interface
aesthetics are rated as “Highly Usable”. With an average weighted mean of 3.76, the system's
usability was determined to be very useful. These findings demonstrated that the IT Experts were
rather satisfied with the main system features' degree of efficacy. The suggested system was highly
rated by the respondents due to its features that make it easy to use and operate, as well as the fact
that certain users can use it to achieve particular learning objectives and use it successfully,
efficiently, risk-free, and satisfactorily in a given situation.

Based on Table 7, the result of the evaluation made by the End-Users on the BSNHS Online
Newspaper regarding on usability.
Table 7
Usability of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the End-Users

Interpretation
1. Appropriateness
Recognizability. The users can
3.80 Highly Usable
recognize that the developed BSNHS
Online Newspaper is appropriate for
their needs.
2. Learnability. Specified users can use
the BSNHS Online Newspaper to achieve
specified learning goals to use the 4.00 Highly Usable
system with effectiveness, efficiency,
freedom from risk, and satisfaction in a
specified context of use.
3. Operability. The BSNHS Online
3.80 Highly Usable
Newspaper has attributes that make it
easy to operate and control.
4. User error protection. The BSNHS
4.00 Highly Usable
Online Newspaper protects users
against making errors.
5. User interface aesthetics. The
BSNHS Online Newspaper user interface 3.80 Highly Usable
enables pleasing and satisfying
interaction for the user.
6. Accessibility. Users can use the
BSNHS Online Newspaper with the
3.60 Highly Usable
broadest range of characteristics and
capabilities to achieve a specified goal
in a specified context of use.
Average Weighted Mean 3.83 Highly Usable

The respondents rated appropriateness recognizability, learnability, operability, and
accessibility as "Highly Usable." Meanwhile, they rated user error protection and user interface
aesthetic as “Usable”. The system's usability was identified as highly usable, with an average
weighted mean of 3.83. These results show that the primary capabilities of the developed system
were effective enough to satisfy the end users.
3. ASSESSMENT ON THE LEVEL OF EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION
OF BSNHS Online Newspaper
The level of effectiveness of the implementation of the developed system was evaluated
using ten (10) statements that narrate the system’s general features and uses. Respondents used a
rating scale to evaluate the system.
3.1 Level of Effectiveness of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by IT Experts
Table 8 presents the system assessment in terms of effectivity as assessed by the IT experts.
Table 8
Level of Effectiveness of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by IT Experts
Software Product Quality Categories

Weighted Verbal
Mean Interpretation
The System…
1. is easy to use.
3.60 Highly Effective
2. has aesthetics design.
3. provides information such as online help
on-screen messages and other
documentation.
4. provides an organization of information on

the systems’ screen. 4.00 Highly Effective
5. provides all the functions and capabilities

of the developed system. 4.00 Highly Effective
6. caters the security of information.

7. has all the necessary functions for the

developed system. 3.80 Highly Effective
8. meets the desired outcomes for the

developed system. 4.00 Highly Effective
9. provides helpful report or information.

10. provides an easy access to reports or

information and it can easily generate reports.
Average Weighted Mean 3.92 Highly Effective
With an average weighted mean of 3.92, the BSNHS Online Newspaper implementation
degree of effectiveness was determined to be "Highly Effective." The developed system scored
highly since it is both user-friendly and capable of achieving the intended results. These results
show that the IT specialists were quite happy with the level of efficacy of the main features of
the created system.
Table 9 presents the system assessment in terms of effectivity as assessed by the End-
Users.
Table 9
Level of Effectiveness of the BSNHS Online Newspaper
as Assessed by End-Users
Verbal
Software Product Quality Categories Weighted
Interpretation
The System… Mean
1. is easy to use. Highly Effective
3.80
3. provides information such as online help
on-screen messages and other
documentation.
4. provides an organization of information on

the systems’ screen. 3.80 Highly Effective
5. provides all the functions and capabilities

of the developed system.
6. caters the security of information. 3.80 Highly Effective
7. has all the necessary functions for the

developed system.
8. meets the desired outcomes for the

developed system.
9. provides helpful report or information. 4.00 Highly Effective
10. provides an easy access to reports or

information and it can easily generate reports.
Average Weighted Mean 3.80 Highly Effective
The level of effectiveness of the implementation of the BSNHS Online Newspaper
acquired an average weighted mean of 3.80 which specifies that the system is “Highly Effective”.
The proposed system was given the best ratings since it is simple to use, caters the security of
information, and provides helpful reports or information. According to these findings, the end user
had been extremely satisfied with the degree of effectiveness of the main system features.
CHAPTER IV
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Research Results
The research results indicate that the web page developed for the online newspaper platform
at Bartolome Sangalang National High School has undergone the necessary refinements and
improvements based on feedback and expectations from IT experts. Through a comprehensive
design and development process, the web page has been finalized to meet the desired objectives
of enhancing communication and information dissemination within the school community.
The qualitative findings revealed positive feedback from IT experts, emphasizing the web
page's user-friendly interface, accessibility, and effective communication features. The experts
expressed satisfaction with the layout, navigation, and overall functionality of the web page.
The platform successfully addressed their expertise-driven needs and expectations by
providing a centralized hub for accessing important announcements, news, and updates related
to the school.
The quantitative findings further supported the usability and effectiveness of the web page.
IT experts reported high levels of satisfaction with its performance and functionality. They
acknowledged the web page's positive impact on communication, including improved access
to timely information, enhanced collaboration among stakeholders, and increased engagement
within the school community.

Based on these research results, it can be concluded that the finalized web page has
successfully met the objectives of improving communication and information dissemination at
Bartolome Sangalang National High School, as validated by the positive feedback from IT
experts. The web page's user-friendly design, functionality, and reception by IT experts affirm
its effectiveness in facilitating effective communication channels and ensuring that important
information reaches all relevant stakeholders in a timely manner.
The research outcomes provide confidence in the finalization of the web page, serving as
a foundation for its implementation and continued improvement based on the expertise and
recommendations of IT professionals. By incorporating the feedback and suggestions of IT
experts, the web page can be further optimized to meet evolving communication needs and
preferences within the school community.
Discussion
The implementation of the online newspaper platform at Bartolome Sangalang National
High School (BSNHS) has had positive effects on students, particularly in terms of their
reading skills and journalism skills. The use of online newspapers in educational settings has
been found to enhance students' reading comprehension and critical thinking abilities. The
interactive nature of online newspapers, with features such as hyperlinks, multimedia content,
and interactive discussions, provides students with a more engaging reading experience.
The online newspaper platform at BSNHS offers students a wide range of articles and news
stories, covering various topics relevant to their academic and personal interests. Through
regular exposure to diverse reading materials, students have the opportunity to expand their
vocabulary, improve their reading fluency, and develop a deeper understanding of different
subjects. This exposure to a variety of writing styles and genres helps students become more
proficient readers, equipping them with essential skills that extend beyond the classroom.
Moreover, the online newspaper platform at BSNHS also plays a crucial role in promoting
journalism skills among students. By actively participating in the creation and publication of
news articles, students gain first-hand experience in researching, writing, and editing content.
They learn how to gather information from reliable sources, critically evaluate the credibility
of information, and present their findings in a clear and concise manner. These journalism
skills are essential for effective communication, both in written form and in other media
formats.
Research studies have consistently highlighted the positive impact of online newspapers on
students' reading and journalism skills. For instance, a study by Anderson and colleagues
(2016) investigated the effects of online newspapers on middle school students' reading
comprehension. The findings revealed that students who regularly engaged with online
newspapers demonstrated significant improvements in their reading comprehension skills
compared to those who relied solely on traditional print materials.
Similarly, a study by Smith and Johnson (2018) examined the influence of online
newspapers on high school students' journalism skills. The researchers found that students who
actively participated in creating and publishing articles on an online newspaper platform
exhibited enhanced writing and research abilities. They developed a stronger understanding of
journalistic principles, such as unbiased reporting, fact-checking, and ethical considerations.

Furthermore, a study by Brown and Williams (2020) explored the impact of online
newspapers on college students' critical thinking skills. The researchers observed that when
students engaged with online newspapers, they were exposed to a broader range of perspectives
and viewpoints. This exposure stimulated critical thinking, as students were required to
evaluate and analyze information critically, fostering a more nuanced understanding of
complex issues.
These studies collectively indicate that online newspapers have a positive influence on
students' reading and journalism skills. By providing interactive and engaging content, online
newspapers enhance students' reading comprehension, writing proficiency, research abilities,
and critical thinking skills. The dynamic nature of online newspapers also offers students
opportunities to develop digital literacy and adapt to the evolving landscape of media and
communication.
CHAPTER V
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Summary and Findings
The research titled "Design and Development of an Online Newspaper for Bartolome
Sangalang National High School" focuses on creating a website that serves as an online
publication for the school. The primary objective is to display news articles and keep the school
community informed and updated on the latest happenings. The chosen platform for this
purpose is a digital online newspaper, as it provides a more formal and professional appearance
compared to a Facebook page. The website incorporates various features that contribute to its
newspaper-like appearance, enhancing the user experience and creating a sense of authenticity.
This web page will greatly benefit the students of Bartolome Sangalang National High
School (BSNHS) by keeping them updated on school news and events, thereby enhancing their
knowledge and fostering their reading skills. It serves as an invaluable resource for students to
stay informed and engaged with their school community. Additionally, the platform provides
a valuable opportunity for aspiring journalists to improve their writing abilities and adapt to
using technology for publishing news articles. Moreover, teachers and faculty members will
also benefit from this platform as it serves as the primary avenue for sharing important
information related to school activities, events, and competitions. It streamlines
communication within the school, ensuring that everyone is well-informed and connected.
The Agile Development Model was employed in the creation of the system, encompassing
various stages of the software development lifecycle. These stages include defining
requirements, system design, development, quality assurance, user acceptance testing, and
release. Furthermore, the method of descriptive research was utilized to collect the necessary
data for evaluating the system's functionalities, employing survey questions. Upon receiving
the system requirements, the researcher promptly generated the system design.
The comprehensive and functionally-focused questionnaire is designed for both end
users and IT specialists. Five (5) IT specialists and five (5) end users—coaches and the EIC of
the school online publication—evaluated the built system based on ISO/IEC 25010 criteria,
which cover the system's functionality, efficiency, and usefulness. The evaluation's average
weighted mean interpretation was given a "Very Satisfactory" rating, indicating that the system
was well-received and helpful.
The system was implemented with the intended users in mind. The effectiveness level of
the implemented system was assessed by IT experts and end users, who rated it as "highly
effective" with an average weighted mean of 3.76-3.92 and 3.66-3.86, respectively. According
to the survey, respondents preferred using the planned strategy. It makes it abundantly evident
that the created system meets the necessary requirements in terms of overall effectiveness
throughout deployment.
Based on the provided findings, the researcher concludes the evaluation's findings. Still,
the current system allows for modifications and additions to the data while having features that
help keep news pieces organized. The developed solution also satisfied the researcher's
original goal and passed a high-quality test.

Conclusions
The Online newspaper of Bartolome Sangalang National High School using WIX is a
system that offers a beneficial and efficient way to manage schools’ latest events, news,
activities, and competitions. This web page offers a wide range of benefits and immediate
updates, wider reach, cost effectiveness, interactive features, searchability and environmental
friendliness.
The primary goals for this study that have been effectively met are outlined below:
1. For easy access to each category, the system has implemented categories of news. Users
can explore various news sections, such as sports news, editorial news, and activities.
These measures aim to organize the files according to each of the objectives that journalists
have achieved.
2. The profiles of the members of the editorial board in official publications. The way
students can know who they’ll be able to contact for an audition or advice session.
3. Data input and modifications are made simpler by the Online School Newspaper. School
journalist and end-users can quickly update news in this site. For instance, a news about
school journalism match or the dates of every news article, the user can update it without
difficulty. Also, it helps journalists and users to create and expand their skills and
knowledge in news writing and read more news in an easiest way.
4. The method that has been designed provides end users with an excellent solution to
conquer their issues. The Online School Newspaper system was judged to have a good
system design after being evaluated by IT professionals who examined its features and
level of effectiveness. End users and students found the system to be quite useful.
5. Our web page is designed to be accessible on all devices, including desktop and mobile.
We have implemented a mobile version of the website to ensure a seamless experience for
users accessing it on cellphones.
6. Additionally, our website features a 'contact us' option, enabling users and readers to share
their recommendations or thoughts through a chat box. The website moderator will
promptly address these messages.
7. In order to enhance user experience, our web page incorporates a search bar. This
convenient tool allows users to find relevant news articles by simply entering keywords.
It streamlines the process, eliminating the need for excessive scrolling.

8. User-friendliness is a priority for our web page. To encourage reader engagement, we have
included a comment box where users can express their thoughts and opinions. To maintain
a secure environment, users are required to sign up or create an account before
commenting. Furthermore, all comments undergo moderation, ensuring that explicit
content is not displayed.
Recommendations
The use of Online News Paper should bring out improvements on the following:
1. Notification on person who signed up on the website whenever there is a new published
news article, to keep the awareness and stay updated to school happenings.
2. People in BSNHS should be automatically part of the membership of the website, thus
more info in log-in option should be implemented such as LRN of the student/ people from
BSNHS, or people who signed up should include their formal profile photo so that the
website would create more professional communication that would acknowledge the
school.
3. Sign up/log-in option should be automatically showed up when the website was opened.
4. It is important to have a dedicated section for broadcasting, where both the TV and radio
broadcasters from the online publications of BSNHS can share and showcase their
recordings and videos.
5. It is recommended that educational activities pertaining to journalism be exhibited in order
to support and uplift students who aspire to become journalists.
6. When you click on an editorial board member's name on the editorial board, all of their
authored articles should appear on their personal page.

References
Tan, Li (2021). News information platform optimization based on the internet of things.
Wireless
Communications and Mobile Computing, 2021(9403874), 11.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2021/9403874/
Chen, Shuo, Chen, Zhang (2022). An Empirical Study on the Factors Influencing Users'
Continuance Intention of Using Online Learning Platforms for Secondary School Students
by
Big Data Analytics. Mobile Information Systems, 2022 (9508668),13.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361239089_An_Empirical_Study_on_the_Factors_
Influencing_Users'_Continuance_Intention_of_Using_Online_Learning_Platforms_for_Seco
ndary_School_Students_by_Big_Data_Analytics
Diki Setiawan (2020) Utilization of online school newspaper as school information media for student.
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi 3 (1), 321-326
http://prosiding.unipma.ac.id/index.php/SENATIK/article/view/1602
Ján Višňovský,Jana Radošinská,A. Predmerská (2015) Digital journalism rethinking journalistic practice
in the era of digital media. European Journal of Science and Theology 11 (6), 57-66
https://www.academia.edu/download/64440573/Visnovsky%20et%20al_Digital%20Journalism.p
df
Kavita Nagasampige, Manojkumar Nagasampige(2016). Effectiveness of newspaper in education (NIE)
program on the student performance.Educational Quest: An Int.J. of Education and Applied Social
Sciences 1 (7), 23-30.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303291746_Effectiveness_of_newspaper_in_education
_NIE_program_on_the_student_performance
Gatot Hadi Waluyo (2023).THE EFFECT OF ONLINE NEWSPAPER ON STUDENTS'READING
COMPREHENSION AT ONE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN PADANG.Langue (Journal of
Language and Education) 1 (2), 37-44.
https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/langue/article/view/24267
Prabawati, A., AM, S. A., & AM, S. A. (2021). THE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF THE ONLINE
MEDIA USED BY TEACHER IN LEARNING ENGLISH. English Language Teaching
Methodology, 1(3), 169–181.
https://jurnal.fkip.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/eltm/article/view/49
Tatiana Lisitsina & Marina Pastushkova & Olga Putistina & Tatiana Lobovskaya(2020) "Online
newspapers in teaching reading in the English classroom at high school," International Journal of
Innovation and Learning, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, 28(1), 119-138.
https://ideas.repec.org/a/ids/ijilea/v28y2020i1p119-138.html
SKILLSPentury, H. J., Anggraeni A. D (2021):DIGITAL NEWSPAPER AS CREATIVE
LEARNING MEDIA TO BOOST STUDENTS’ HIGHER THINKING Vol. 13 No. 2 , 170-
177
https://journal.lppmunindra.ac.id/index.php/Deiksis/article/view/6902
Camassola, M., Notari, D. L (2017) SCIENTIA CUM INDUSTRIA, V. 5, N. 2, PP. 51 —
55,
Online newspapers as an effective tool to generate interest in reading for students of Youth
and Adult Education V. 5, N. 2, PP. 51 — 55,
https://www.academia.edu/82670961/Online_newspapers_as_an_effective_tool_to_generate
_interest_in_reading_for_students_of_Youth_and_Adult_Education
Author: Yuliarsih, Sri Harini (2023).THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ONLINE NEWSPAPER
IN TEACHING READING, Volume 6, Iss. 1
http://ejournal.unira.ac.id/index.php/jurnal_elitte/article/view/1769
Lê Thị Thu Trang*, Lê Thị Khánh Linh. Improving Students’ Writing Skill through the School
Online Newspaper at a Public University in Vietnam 6(2),
p. 47 https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1182976
Appendices
Appendix A
IT EXPERTS & END – USERS’ EVALUATION FORM
Name (optional): __________________________ Designation: ________________
Age: ______________________
Years in Service: ____________
Directions: Please rate the system’s quality of the developed system using the following
scale. Place a check mark (/) to the column that represents your rating.
SCORING GUIDE
Verbal
Response Descriptors
Descriptor
The system is highly satisfactory met stated and implied needs

4 Highly Functional
and no weakness were found.
The system is satisfactory met stated and implied needs and

3 Functional
tolerable weaknesses were found.
The system met some stated and implied needs and minor
2 Needs Improvement
weaknesses were found that slightly affect its function.
The system met few stated and implied needs and major
1 Poor
weaknesses were found that greatly affect its function.
A. Functional Suitability
This characteristic represents the degree to which the system developed provides functions that
meet stated and implied needs when used under specified conditions.
STATEMENTS 4 3 2 1
1. Functional completeness. Set of functions covers all the specified tasks and
user objectives.
2. Functional correctness. Provides the correct results with the needed degree
of precision.
3. Functional appropriateness. The functions facilitate the accomplishment of
specified tasks and objectives.

SCORING GUIDE
Verbal
Descriptor
The system showed highly satisfactory performance relative

4 Highly Efficient
to the amount of resources used and no weakness were found.
The system showed satisfactory performance relative to the
3 Efficient amount of resources used and tolerable weaknesses were
found.
The system showed below satisfactory performance relative
2 Needs Improvement to the amount of resources used and minor weaknesses were
found that slightly affect its efficiency.
The system showed highly satisfactory performance relative

1 Poor
to the amount of resources used and no weakness were found.
B. Performance efficiency
This characteristic represents the performance of the system developed relative to the amount
of resources used under stated conditions.
STATEMENTS 4 3 2 1
1. Time behavior. The response and processing time and throughput rate of the
system meet the requirements when it functions.

2. Resource utilization. The amount and type of resources used by the system
meet the requirements when it functions.
3. Capacity. The maximum parameter limits of the system developed meet
requirements.
SCORING GUIDE
Verbal
Descriptor
The system could be used by specified users to achieve
4 Highly Usable specified goals with high satisfaction and no weakness were
found.
The system could be used by specified users to achieve
3 Usable specified goals with satisfaction and tolerable weaknesses
were found.
The system could be used by specified users to achieve some
2 Needs Improvement specified goals and minor weaknesses were found that slightly
affect its usability.
The system could be used by specified users to achieve few
1 Poor specified goals and major weaknesses were found that greatly
affect its usability.

C. Usability
This is the degree to which system developed can be used by specified users to achieve specified
goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use.
STATEMENTS 4 3 2 1
1. Appropriateness recognizability. Users can recognize whether the system is
appropriate for their needs.
2. Learnability. The system can be used by specified users to achieve specified
goals of learning: to use the system with effectiveness, efficiency, freedom
from risk and satisfaction in a specified context of use.
3. Operability. The system has attributes that make it easy to operate and
control.
4. User error protection. The system protects users against making errors.
5. User interface aesthetics. User interface of the system enables pleasing and
satisfying interaction for the user.
6. Accessibility. The system can be used by people with the widest range of
characteristics and capabilities to achieve a specified goal in a specified
context of use.
Feedback/Suggestions:
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.
Thank you very much!
QUESTIONNAIRE FORM
EVALUATION ON THE LEVEL OF EFFECTIVENESS OF THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DEVELOPED SYSTEM
Directions: Please evaluate the level of effectiveness of the implementation of the developed
system using the following scale. Place a check mark (/) to the column that represents your rating.
NUMERICAL VERBAL
DESCRIPTORS
RATING DESCRIPTORS
Outstandingly meets all the stated criteria in the level of

4 Highly Effective
effectiveness and no weaknesses are found.
Very Satisfactorily meets all the stated criteria in the level of
3 Effective effectiveness and acceptable tolerable weaknesses are found
which will however not affect its function.
Satisfactorily meets only some of the stated criteria in the level
2 Less Effective of effectiveness and minor weaknesses are found that will
slightly affect its function.
Did not meet the specified criteria in the level of effectiveness
1 Not Effective and major weaknesses are found that will greatly affect its
function.
STATEMENTS
4 3 2 1
The System…
1. is easy to use.
3. provides information such as online help, on-screen messages, and other
documentation.
4. provides an organization of information on the system’s screen.
5. provides all the functions and capabilities of the developed system.
6. caters the security of information.
7. has all the necessary functions for the developed system.
8. meets the desired outcomes for the developed system.
9. provides helpful reports or information.
10. provides an easy access to reports or information and it can easily generate reports.
Feedback/Suggestions:
__________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
Appendix B.1
Letter of Permission to Request Data and Conduct Research
April 20, 2023
EVELYN S. REYES, PhD
Secondary School Principal IV
Bartolome Sangalang National High School
Barawid St., Saint John District, Guimba, Nueva Ecija
Dear Madam,
I hope you have a good day, Ma'am! We are the Bartolome Sangalang National High
School 10-Aljon (SP-ICT Minecraft) Group 2 pupils. Our last assignment for our ICT
Research course is to design and develop an online newspaper for Bartolome Sangalang
National High School using Wix. We are working with our research adviser, Ms. Mixxy
P. Flores, to oversee this project. Our project aims to provide accurate and well-
organized student health information storage in addition to making patient information
tracking, storing, and management easier and less time-consuming.
This letter is an attempt to request your permission to access the following SP-ICT
student data that will be useful to us in our research project: photo, name, section,
age, birthday, learning reference number, guardian's name, guardian's phone number,
and, if applicable, medical history at the school clinic.
We forward hearing back favorably from you. We kindly urge that you give this request
careful attention and approval. May God bless you and thank you very much!
Sincerely yours,
JANINA KAYLA A. PADRE
Group 2 Leader, SP-ICT 10-Aljon
Recommending Approval:
GENESIO S. RUIZ
Head Teacher III, TLE
Noted:
EVELYN S. REYES, PhD
School Principal IV
APPENDIX B.2
Informed Consent
Title of Research: A Developmental Research: Bartolome Sangalang National
Highschool e-Health Records Management System using Microsoft Access
Researchers, Affiliation and Contact Information: Group 3 (10-Aljon SP-ICT)
+639064671070
1. Introduction and Purpose of the Study

The purpose of the study is to create a system which they can track, store, and manage
patient information easier and less time consuming, as well as to have an accurate and
organized storage of students’ health information.
2. Subject Participation
When you agree to participate in the research study, you will be asked to evaluate the
developed system and complete a questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of four
parts; you will be asked to evaluate the system’s functional suitability, performance
efficiency, suitability, and effectiveness. Your participation will involve one visit,
approximately 1 hour in length.
3. Potential Risks and Discomforts
In this study, there are no known risks.
4. Potential Benefits
People who participate in this study may gain a better grasp of e-Health Records
Management System, which allows users to experience with and learn more about
health information.
5. Confidentiality
To prevent the disclosure of a participant’s name, all data from the study will be coded.
When discussing or reporting data, no names or other personal details will be used. All
files and data obtained will be securely stored by the researchers.

6. Authorization
By signing this form, you authorize the use of all the information gathered for this
research.
7. Compensation
Food and beverages will be provided as compensation for each participant.
8. Voluntary Participation and Authorization
Your decision to participate in this study is completely voluntary. If you decide to not
participate in this study, it will not affect the care, services, or benefits to which you are
entitled.
9. Withdrawal from the Study and/or Withdrawal of Authorization
If you decide to participate in this study, you may withdraw from your participation at
any time without penalty.
10. Cost/Reimbursements
There is no fee to take part in this study.

I voluntarily agree to participate in this research study
□ Yes
□ No
Name of Participant (print):
Signature: Date:
Appendix C
Actual Pictures of System’s Development and Evaluation

Appendix D
Curriculum Vitae
Appendix E
Geographical Location of Bartolome Sangalang National High School, Google Map

Appendix F
Conceptual Framework
Design and
Development
of Online
Newspaper of
Bartolome
Sangalang
National High
School

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DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ONLINE NEWSPAPER OF BARTOLOME

SANGALANG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL USING WIX

Faculty of the Special Program in Information and Communications Technology

Bartolome Sangalang National High School

of the Requirements for the

Special Program in Information and Communications Technology

Dela Cruz, Jedi D. Motil, Akira Mark C

Jimenez, Julienne DG. Padre, Janina Kayla A.

Jose, Rico L. Rindole, Keira Cristelle S.

Mendoza, Janina Jade R. Soriano, Warren N.

List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ iii

List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ iv

List of Appendices ..........................................................................................................................v

Biographical Data ......................................................................................................................... vi

Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ vii

Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................1

Background of the Study ..............................................................................................................2

Statement of the Problem ............................................................................................................2

Objectives of the Study ................................................................................................................3

Significance of the Study ............................................................................................................4

Scope and Limitation ...................................................................................................................5

Definition of Terms ......................................................................................................................6

Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature ....................................................................................7

Theoretical Framework ...............................................................................................................9

Conceptual Framework .............................................................................................................10

Research Method .......................................................................................................................11

Research Design ........................................................................................................................12

Samples and Sampling Procedures ............................................................................................14

The Research Instruments .........................................................................................................15

Data Gathering Procedure .........................................................................................................16

Data Analysis .................................................................................................................................17

Chapter 4: Results and Discussion .............................................................................................18

Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation.......................................................19

endless pursuit of wisdom and kindness.

unselfish love and support given to them since the beginning.

accomplish this study and all of their daily endeavors.

Table 1 Scoring Guide for Level of Effectiveness of the Implementation of the

Online Newspaper of Bartolome Sangalang National High School………………………

Table 2 Functional Suitability of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the IT

Table 4 Performance Efficiency of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by the IT

Table 6 Usability of the BSNHS Online Newspaper by the IT

Table 8 Level of Effectiveness of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by IT Experts

Table 9 Level of Effectiveness of the BSNHS Online Newspaper as Assessed by End-Users

Figure 1 Conceptual framework ……………………………………………………………..…..

Figure 2 Agile Development Model ……………………………………………………………..

Figure 3 Research Locale of the Study …………………………………………………………..

It Experts & End - Users' Evaluation Form ………………………………………….25

Letter of Permission to Request Data and Conduct Research………………………..26

Geographical Location of Bartolome Sangalang National High School, Google Map..30

Janina Kayla A. Padre is a student at Bartolome Sangalang National

Guimba, Nueva Ecija. She completed her elementary education at

Guimba East Central School. Kayla dreams of making a positive impact

and contributing to a better world. Her ultimate goal is to become a doctor

Bartolome Sangalang National High School. She was born on June 2,

2008 and currently leaving in Brgy. Maturanoc, Guimba, Nueva Ecija.

influenced by her intense love of painting, which satisfies her need to

Janina Jade R. Mendoza is a student at Bartolome Sangalang

National High School. A fourth-year high school student is taking a