Diesel Engine II

1st Meeting, Feb 2022

Yosephus Ardean Kurnianto Prayitno
Learning Method
• Teaching centered learning (TCL) 30%
PBL TCL
• Student centered learning (SCL) 40%
• Problem based learning (PBL) 40%
SCL
Evaluation method
• Project/case problems 40%
• Mid-term Exam (Ujian Tengah Semester) 30%
• Final Exam (Ujian Akhir Semester)* 30%
*75% attendance
https://tenor.com/view/dejavu-engine-car-engine-mechanic-truend-gif-10490303
Outline
• Introduction
Mid-term • Common rail system outline
material
• Electrical system of common rail

Mid-term
Exam (UTS)
• Sensor of common rail
• Engine control input
Final-term
material • Network system

Final-term
Exam (UAS) • All materials
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• What is all about?
Diesel engine combustion and heat transfer for details of the common rail system
• Why Diesel Vehicles?
Background of demand on diesel vehicles
and transition of exhaust gas regulation

https://gfycat.com/sociableniftybongo https://dribbble.com/shots/4024666-Clean-Energy-Industry
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Demand on Diesel Vehicles
1. Reduce exhaust gases (NOx, PM,
CO, HC, and smoke).
2. Improve fuel economy.
3. Reduce noise.
4. Improve power output and driving
performance. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_economy_in_automobiles

https://www.mecanocaucho.com/en-gb/news/acoustic-isolator-pro-en/
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Transition of Exhaust Gas Regulations

CRS Service Manual: General Edition, DENSO (2008)

Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Demand of Diesel’s fuel injection system

https://www.psmarketresearch.com/market-analysis/automotive-fuel-injection-system-market
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Demand of Diesel’s fuel injection system

https://www.maximizemarketresearch.com/market-report/global-diesel-common-rail-injection-system-market/54317/
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Common Fuel injected engine

https://www.ingenieriaymecanicaautomotriz.com/injection-system-components-types-and-working-principles/
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Objectives (fuel injection system)
to meter, atomize and distribute fuel throughout the air mass in the cylinder.
maintain the required air-fuel ratio as per the load and speed demand on the
engine at the same time Metering Pumping
• Components of fuel injected engine Control

Mixture/Injector
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Type of Fuel injected engine
1. Top-Feed – Fuel enters from the in the top and exits the bottom.
2. Side-Feed – Fuel enters on the side on the injector fitting inside the fuel rail.
3. Throttle Body Injectors – (TBI) Located directly in the throttle body.

https://www.autotrader.com/car-news/last-time-
https://www.autoworks.com.au/blog/12-test throttle-body-fuel-injection-isnt-carburetor-265838
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Type of Fuel Injection Systems
1. Single-point OR throttle body fuel injection

https://innovationdiscoveries.space/throttle-body-fuel-injection/
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Type of Fuel Injection Systems
2. Multiport injection
Accurate fuel distribution, with each
cylinder receiving its own spray of
fuel.
Improved fuel economy by smaller
and accurate injector

https://gfycat.com/gifs/search/electronic+fuel+injection
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Type of Fuel Injection Systems
3. Sequential injection
Matched timing to the cylinders

Watany, M., American

Journal of Vehicle Design https://www.quora.com/How-do-the-simultaneous-grouping-and-
sequential-injection-systems-work-and-can-these-systems-be-found
(2015) in-the-same-engine
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Type of Fuel Injection Systems
4. Direct injection
In diesel engines, direct injection is very robust.
Fuel delivery can take a lot of abuse, and
maintenance issues are kept to a minimum
Direct fuel injection
Thicker and heavier fuel

https://gomechanic.in/blog/diesel-injection-systems/
 Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Method of fuel injection
1. Air blast injection 2. Air less/Solid injection

https://tenor.com/search/internal-combustion-engine-gif-gifs https://gomechanic.in/blog/diesel-injection-systems/
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Method of fuel injection
1. Air blast injection
the air is compressed to very high pressure
injected carrying the fuel along with it into the
cylinders.
The rate of fuel injection is controlled by varying
the pressure of the air. .
The high-pressure air requires a multi-stage
compressor so as to keep the air bottles charged.
The fuel ignites by the high temperature of the air
caused by the high compression.
The compressor consumes about 10% of the
power developed by the engine, decreasing the
net output of the engine
Introduction to Diesel Engine II
• Method of fuel injection
2. Air less/Solid injection = Fuel injection system for diesel engine

Mechanical injection Electrical injection

Advantages:
• higher injection pressure,
• optimized injection rate,
• higher precision of injection timing control,
• higher precision of injection quantity control.
Overview of Diesel Engine
• Combustion process
Heterogeneous, turbulent, diffusion flame
• Characteristics
Better fuel economy, lower power density,
high emission
• Disadvantage
Cold start difficulty, noisy, lower power to
weight ratio, expensive components https://gfycat.com/discover/diesel-engine-gifs
Overview of Diesel Engine
• Common direct injection DE

Quiescent chamber Bowl-in piston chamber Bowl-in piston chamber

and multihole nozzle and multihole nozzle And single-hole nozzle
Overview of Diesel Engine
• Common small indirect injection DE

Swirl prechamber Turbulent prechamber

https://gomechanic.in/blog/diesel-injection-systems/
Overview of Diesel Engine
• Process of direct injection

© McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved . Taken from lec15MIT2S

Overview of Diesel Engine
• Process of direct injection

© McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved . Taken from lec15MIT2S

Overview of Diesel Engine
• Combustion nature

© McGraw-Hill Education. All rights

reserved . Taken from lec15MIT2S
Overview of Diesel Engine
• Applications
Small (7.5 to 10 cm bore; previously mainly IDI;
new ones are high speed DI)
– passenger cars
Medium (10 to 20 cm bore; DI)
– trucks, trains
Large (30 to 50 cm bore; DI)
– trains, ships
Very Large (100 cm bore)
– stationary power plants, ships https://id.pinterest.com/pin/1094938
34674937020/
Overview of Diesel Engine
• Applications: Sulzer RTA96 Engine

https://www.topspeed.com/cars/car-news/w-rtsil--sulzer-rta96-c-the-world-s-largest-engine-ar111273.html
Overview of Diesel Engine
• Applications: Sulzer RTA96 Engine

https://www.topspeed.com/cars/car-news/w-rtsil--sulzer-rta96-c-the-world-s-largest-engine-ar111273.html
Summary
• Write on your notes:
1. The urgency of fuel injection system to be applied in diesel engine
2. The demerits of air blast injection and comparison to solid injection
3. The importance of common rail system
Thank you for your attention