"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE FOR CSS.....

AUTHOR: IMRAN BASHIR(PMS)" 1

DEFORESTATION
Deforestation

Deforestation means the felling and clearing of

forest cover or tree plantations in order to
accommodate agriculture, industrial or urban
use.

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Main Functions of Forests

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Main Functions of Forests

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Main Functions of Forests

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 CAUSES OF
DEFORESTATION

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1. Agricultural Activities/Expansion of
Framing Land
Expansion of Framing Land affects
deforestation

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 2. Logging & Fuel Wood

logging Fuel wood

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3. Urbanization
In order to gain access for different settlements forest land is reclaimed.
Gaining access Expansion of cities

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4. Industrial Activities
Petrochemical release in surrounding areas unfit for growing plants

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5. Mining
Mining waste pollute the environment and affects nearby species.

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6. Fires

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7. Human Use

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8. Shifting Cultivation
“Slashing & Burning Agriculture”

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9. Insufficient Reforestation

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10. Exploitation by Industrialization Countries

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11. The Debt Burden
Debt burden causes poor countries to exploit their rich natural resources including their forests
partly to earn foreign exchange.

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12. Other Causes
Increase in
population

Construction
of water Poverty
reservoirs
Cash crop
economy

Infrastructure Cattle
development Ranching

Firewood
collection

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 Effects of Deforestation
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1. Climatic Imbalance
Deforestation leads to
- Imbalanced atmospheric temperatures
- Making conditions for ecology difficult

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2. Increase in Global warming

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3. Soil Erosion

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4. Floods
Deforestation cause floods.

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5. Wildlife Extinction

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6. Disrupted Livelihood
People rely on forests

Deforestation cause sever social problems even leading to violent conflicts.

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7. Disrupted Water Cycle

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Solutions to Deforestation

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Solutions to Deforestation
1. Employing a series of rules and laws to govern deforestation
2. Sustainable management of forest
3. Bringing awareness among people ex: Chipko movement, Appiko, Narmada Bachao
Andolan
4. Joint Forestry Management (JFM)
5. And others……(for details plz consult the book )

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 By Imran Bashir
"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE FOR CSS..... PMS officer
31
AUTHOR: IMRAN BASHIR(PMS)"