ECOSYSTEM

An ecosystem is a community of plants, animals and microbes that interact with their
environment. An ecosystem is made up of all of the living and non-living things in an
area. The living things (plants, animals and microbes) are known as biotic while the non-
living thingsenvironments (weather, earth, sun, soil, water climate, atmosphere), are
called abiotic.
An ecosystem usually contains many different kinds of life. A grassland, for example, is
an ecosystem that contains more than just grass. It includes other plants, mammals,
insects, earthworms, and many tiny living things in the soil. it also includes soil, water,
rock, the climate e.t.c.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sKJoXdrOT70&t=1s watch

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IZoIvJEiNaM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LWOgCIHPgvQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNF8b7KKJ2I watch

TYPES OF ECOSYSTEM
There are basically two types of ecosystems; terrestrial and aquatic.
TERRESTIAL ECOSYSTEMS
Terrestrial ecosystems are found everywhere apart from water bodies. They are broadly
classified into: -
• The forest ecosystem
• The desert ecosystem
• The grassland ecosystem
• The mountain ecosystem
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9d0ogZ7wPm4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4kQSXIWsUtg

AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem located in a body of water. It comprises aquatic
fauna, flora and the properties of water too.
There are two types of aquatic ecosystem: -
• Marine ecosystem
• Freshwater ecosystem
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vINK9ujrRwM

Organism: any living biological entity, such as an animal, plant, fungus, or bacterium.

Individual: An individual is one organism and is also one type of organism (e.g., human,
cat, moose, palm tree, gray whale, tapeworm, or cow in our example).

Population: A population is all the members of one species that live within an area of an
ecosystem.

Desert Example –Prairie dog population, Plant population

Community: The different populations that interact with each other in the same area
form a community.

Habitat: The area or place where an organism lives in an ecosystem is called a habitat. A
habitat contains all the living and nonliving things an organism needs.

Niche: The specific role of an organism in its habitat is called its niche. A niche includes
the type of food the organism eats, how it gets its food, and which other species use the
organism as food. Adaptations also help determine an organism’s niche.