Ict Assignment

From; amir 's group

To; ict teacher miss munteha
Content
The notes between page 72 up to 77 written by
different fonts and sizes as instructed

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 Practical Exercise 2.2
Make a group of three to five students and do the following.
1. From Ethio-telecom website (https://www.ethiotelecom.et/), assess the
common network services it provides as an internet service providers (ISP).
2. Search for reliable information such as the one from Ethiopian Information
Network Security Agency (INSA) https://www.insa.gov.et) about different
cyber security attacks that you may encounter as a student – such as
misinformation/disinformation, cyberbullying, sex trafficking, hate crime and
financial scams. Discuss in group how you can protect yourselves from such
attacks.
3. Explore the functionalities and symbols used for representing network
devices, preferably in an open source network mapping tools such as Dia
(http://dia-installer.de/).
KEY CONCEPTS
• Computer network can be used to exchange data and information, and to
share resources such as hardware (e.g. storage spaces) and software.
• A virus can travel over the network and can affect our file on the computer

2.5 Unit Summary

In this unit, the students are supposed to learn the basic concepts,
types, advantages and disadvantages of network. You shall develop
essential skills through the classroom learning, participation in
activities and laboratory-based work in the unit.

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 Computer networks help us have such services as emails, online
newspapers, blogs, chats and other network services offered on the
Internet. Therefore, understanding network will help students to
become actors and beneficiaries of the networked society and share
resources and have a faster communication.

The following are the main points covered in the unit

■ A computer network is interconnection of two or more
computers or

any devices that able to connect over the network.

■ To make a communication and interconnection between devices

on computer network, networking hardware, also known as
network

equipment or computer networking devices, which are electronic

devices, are required. These are end devices, intermediate devices,
connection medium and protocol.

■ End devices are the sender and the receiver which can be any

devices capable of composing, sending and receiving a message

■ Intermediate devices are interconnecting devices that found between
end devices, as their name indicates. Intermediary device includes
network

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 ■ Network interface card (NIC) is used to plug a UTP cable to
the computer. It has wireless variety which allows a computer to
connect to the network wirelessly

■ Repeaters,as the name indicates, repeat and boost the signal. It

accepts weak signal on one port, illuminates the noise that makes
signal week, regenerates signals and resends the boosted, cleared
signal over the other port. It has an analog version, which Is also
called Amplifier.

Amplifier amplifies not only the signal but also the noise and sends
it again.
■ Switch is more intelligent device than repeater because after learning
the
network, it forwards packet to the destined port or a device
connected
to the port only.
■Arouter is a device that connects different types of network and
more
intelligence than switch.
■ Router uses routing tables.
■ Router selects best path through networks.
■ Protocol is a common set of rules to manage communication
(packet transmission) through a network.
■ Connection media used in networks are wired (guided) and
wireless

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 (unguided) media.
■ UTPis the most common wired medium used in local area
networks.

■ Wireless media can be radio waves, microwaves and infra-red

waves.
■ Basedon size, network can be classified as personalized area
network
(PAN), local area network (LAN), metropolitan area network
(MAN)
and wide area network (WAN).
■ PAN is the smallest area network which can be made using
Bluetooth
network.
■ LANis larger than PAN and smaller than MAN in number of
computers
and geographical coverage. LAN can be a small office, one
campus or
school, network.
■ MAN convers area of a city and can contain multiple LANs.

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