Pre-incident Plans

应急预案情景 3
COAL DUST FIRE AT CMD AND GASIFIER STRUCTURE
(U-1100) 磨煤及气化框架煤粉尘火灾

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TABLE OF CONTENT
目录
SCENARIO THREE 预案3- COAL DUST FIRE AT CMD AND GASIFIER STRUCTURE (U-
1100) 磨煤及气化框架煤粉尘火灾..........................................................................................................4
1 SELECT THE SCENARIOS 情景描述..........................................................................................4
2 ASSESSMENT OF THE DETECTION TIME 探测时间评估....................................................4
3 DETERMINE THE PROCESS CONTROL MEASURES 确定工艺控制措施..........................5
3.1 FROM THE CCR 中控室..............................................................................................................5
3.2 FROM THE FIELD 现场.................................................................................................................5
4 IDENTIFY THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE RELEASED PRODUCT 泄漏物质的特性..............5
5 THE CONSEQUENCES OF A FIRE OR PRODUCT RELEASE 物质泄漏或火灾爆炸的后
果 6
IN ENCLOSED CMD SYSTEM BURNING COAL DUST WILL PRESSURIZE THE SYSTEM
SO QUICK THAT IT WILL BE DAMAGED AND FIRE WILL LOSE CONTAINMENT AND
MAY BURN PEOPLE AND DAMAGE OTHER EQUIPMENT........................................................6
6 PRIORITISE THE FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES 优先消防措施.....................................7
7 FIRE FIGHTING/BA MEASURES 所需消防气防设备（HSE部+巴陵消防队）....................8
8 MEDICAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE MEASURES 医疗应急措施.......................................8
9 ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE MEASURES 环境应急措施......................8
10 SUMMARY 预案总结......................................................................................................................8

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SCENARIO THREE 预案3- COAL DUST FIRE AT CMD AND

GASIFIER STRUCTURE (U-1100) 磨煤及气化框架煤粉尘火灾

1 Select the scenarios 情景描述

U-1100周围最有可能发生紧急情况的地方：
袋式过滤器S-1103A密封不严
管道和容器内都为微负压，当密封不严时，环境空气将进入破坏其惰性状态，LPN2的自动补充

不能将氧含量控制在8%以下，在高温情况下，导致煤粉爆炸。燃烧着的煤粉从爆破板冲出，向

外蔓延，对周围设备造成威胁。
The most possible place of an emergency around U-1100:
Bag filter S-1103A does not seal. As it is slight vacuum inside ducts and vessel, air will ingress

and damage the inert status. The automatic make up of LPN2 can not ensure the oxygen

content below 8% and the high temperature will cause coal dust to explode. The burning coal

dust rushes out through explosion discs and spreads around, which puts the equipment

nearby at risk.

2 Assessment of the detection time 探测时间评估

正常工况下，这一单元不需要经常人工操作，而是在开车时就投入氧含量联锁控制。
在F-1101出口和S-1103出口都设有氧含量探测仪，取大值，信号联锁对应的阀门FV0106/

FV0206/FV0306向系统中充氮。一旦氧含量超标，则在CCR中报警。
In normal conditions this unit does not need manual operation. The oxygen content interlock

control will be put into operation right from startup.

Oxygen content detectors are installed at outlet of F-1101 and S-1103. The max value will be

taken as signal for corresponding valves FV0106/FV0206/FV0306 that provide nitrogen to the

system. There will be an alarm in CCR when oxygen content is exceeded.

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3 Determine the process control measures 确定工艺控制措

3.1 From the CCR 中控室

CCR确认泄漏发生事故存在后，CCR人员在屏幕上按下事故单元对应紧急停车按钮

11OBHC1101A后进行停车处理。
When CCR confirms leakage, panel operators in CCR will press emergency stop button

10OBHC 1101A to shut down the plant.

3.2 From the field 现场

现场操作人员配带好防护用品（消防PPE）等工具后进入现场进行确认。
现场人员迅速撤离事故现场，并起动气防报警。
Field operators fully equipped with fire fighting PPE and tools check at site and confirm.
Site staff quickly evacuate and activate gas alarm.

4 Identify the behaviour of the released product 泄漏物质的

特性

煤粉比煤块更容易燃烧。同量的煤粉比煤块的表面积要大得多，与氧接触后比煤块更易氧化，也
容易自然。
煤粉悬浮在空气中，达到一定的爆炸极限，就形成爆炸性混合物。各种煤粉尘的爆炸极限，据煤
炭部门测定，下限最低的为45g/m3，上限最高的可达2000g/m3，这个幅度相当大，爆炸强度在
300-400g/m3时最高.达到爆炸极限的煤粉，无论在封闭还是敞开的空间内，遇到明火都会引起
爆炸燃烧。
Coal dust is easier to ignite than the coal. The surface of coal dust is much larger that that of
coal of same amount. When in contact with oxygen it oxidizes faster that coal and ignites itself
much easier.
Certain amount of coal dust suspending in air will form explosive mixture. The min. LEL of coal
dusts is 45g/m3 and max UEL is 2000g/m3. The max explosion strength is at 300-400g/m3.
Coal dust within explosion limits will explode once in contact with open flame no matter in
open air or in enclosed space.

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5 The consequences of a fire or product release 物质泄漏或

火灾爆炸的后果

在封闭的煤粉制备系统内,当煤粉燃烧时,压力迅速提高,将造成整个系统的破坏,并使火焰外喷,烧
伤人员,烧坏其他设备.

距火源2－5米半径范围内的设备（将面临大于32KW/m2的辐射），机械性能将迅速完全丧失，
钢结构设备也不例外。
距火源12－20米半径范围间的设备，仍需要保护（辐射大于12.5 KW/m2）
距火源20米半径范围之外的设备，钢设备不需要保护，但是缆绳很可能遭到破坏。
距火源10米半径范围以内的设备，缆绳是会被破坏的。
距火源20米半径范围之外的设备（相当于辐射能小于2.5 KW/m2），是可以进行人工救火的。
注意：以上模型是建立在不考虑风向这一重要参数的基础上的。

辐射强度/ KW/m2 容忍时间 着火时间

Radiation Density Bearing Time Time to catch fire

1.5 暴露时间不确定 允许
Exposure time indefinite permitted

1.8 大约2分钟 ca. 2 min 3－4分钟/min.

2.2－3.0 30秒/sec－1分钟/min 1－2分钟/min.

3.0－4.0 15－30秒/sec 1分钟/min

4.0－6.0 10秒/sec 30秒/sec

6.0－1.0 5－10秒/sec 10－20秒/sec

>10.0 数秒中就剧烈燃烧－一般布料
都会被点燃
Starts to severe combustion
in a few sec – ordinary cloths
can catch fire

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In enclosed CMD system burning coal dust will pressurize the system so quick that it will be

damaged and fire will lose containment and may burn people and damage other equipment.

Equipment within 2 ~5 meter in radius of fire source will receive heat radiation of 32KW/M2
and completely lose mechanical properties. So are the steel structures.
Equipment cables within 10 m in radius of fire source: cables will be damaged.
Equipment within 12 ~20 m in radius of fire source still requires protection(radiation more than
12.5KW/M2).
Equipment outside 20 m in radius of fire source: steel construction equipment does not need
protection; but equipment cables will most probably be damaged.
Equipment outside 20 m in radius of fire source( equal to radiation less than 2.5KW/M2): fire
can be put out manually.
Caution: Above models do not consider wind direction, which is an important parameter.

6 Prioritise the Fire protection measures 优先消防措施

以适当的措施应对紧急事故，可以在察觉后15－20分钟内将周围设置进行冷却。
A系列煤粉系统发生燃烧爆炸时的扑救:
迅速停止A系统的运行，同时通入氮气进行灭火。必要时利用水对起火设备外壳和邻近设备外壳
进行冷却降温，但禁止用水直接扑救。
应用的冷却措施划分如下：
1. 5名消防人员迅速穿戴好PPE，到达事故发生楼层（顶楼）。
2. 穿越气化框架来到磨煤框架北面的消防栓。
3. 一人站好位负责指挥，其他两人为一组成立两个消防小队。
4. 迅速接好消防水带，一队负责一条，一人为水枪手，一人支撑水枪手并负责拖动水带。
5. 指挥员根据实际情况指挥两小队站好位，一队负责S-1103A北面，一队负责S-1103A南面。
打开水阀，水枪打成雾状，在指挥员的指挥下灭掉顶楼的火并对附近设备（S-1103B）进行
冷却。
6. 顶楼火扑灭后，消防队员迅速有序地撤退到下一层楼消防栓旁。
7. 同上，在指挥员的指挥下，将顶楼洒落下来带火星的煤粉扑灭，并对附近受热设备进行冷
却。
Proper response is required. And try to cool down surrounding equipment within 15 ~20
minutes after detection of fire.
Fire fighting for train A:

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Stop train A immediately and supply nitrogen to put out fire. If necessary use fire water to cool
down equipment in fire and other surrounding equipment. Do not use water to put out coal
dust fire.
Coal down methods:

 5 fire men go to top level by lift, fully equipped with PPE

 Go through gasifier structure to the north fire hydrant in CMD
 One man is fire coordinator/commander, the rest forms two fire fighting groups
 Connect fire hoses, one hose for one group. One man holds water gun, the other
support him.

 Fire coordinator/commander directs the fire fighting groups. One group is responsible
for the north side of S-1103A, the other for the south side of S-1103A. Open water
valves. Water gun to form fog. The two groups put out fire at floor level and cool down
nearby equipment(S-1103B).

 After putting out fire at top level, fire men go down to next floor
 Same as above, put out coal dust fire fallen from upstairs and cool down nearby
equipment.

7 Fire fighting/BA measures 所需消防气防设备（HSE部+巴陵

消防队）

附近有2个消防栓
There are two fire hydrants.

8 Medical emergency response measures 医疗应急措施

如果发生人员伤害，应立即拨打岳阳市第一人民医院的急救电话（8080120），并启动“绿色
通道”。
In case of injury, call immediately 8080120 for Yueyang No.1 Hospital and activate “Green
Channel”.

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9 Environmental emergency response measures 环境应急措

10 Summary 预案总结

Key information about the emergency response plan 应急预案关键信息

1 对象 Object S1103A

2 情形/路线/位置Scenario/route/
location

3 需要最少人员 5
Min. personnel required

4 消防水供应和可利用设备 附近有两个消防栓（带消防水带）
Fire fighting water supply and Two fire hydrants nearby, with fire hoses
equipment available

5 留白备用 blank box

6 现场物质 危险种类 优先扑灭 其次扑灭 记录

Site
Risk Type Fire fighting priorities Second Record
Substance
priority

煤粉 coal 易燃 着火设备 附近散火

dust
爆炸 Equipment catching scattere
5um-90um fire d fire
Flammabl
≥80% nearby
e
<90um≤10
Explosive
%

7 细节 details  冷却周围设备 coal down nearby

equipment

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8 总控操作人员采取的行动  CCR确认泄漏发生事故存在
后，CCR人员在屏幕上按下紧急停
Action in CCR
车按钮11OBHC1101A后进行停车
处理。
 When CCR confirms leakage,
panel operators in CCR will press
emergency stop button 10OBHC
1101A to shut down the plant.

9 现场操作人员采取的行动  现场操作人员配带好防护用品（消
防PPE）等工具后组成消防队，进
Action of field operators/site staff
入现场进行扑救，防止事态恶化。
 如果现场有工作人员，他们应迅速
撤离事故现场，并起动气防报警。
 Field operators fully equipped with
fire fighting PPE and tools form FIT
to control/put out fire
 Site staff quickly evacuates and
activate gas alarm.

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