UNIT 2

Passive Voice

Passive Voice artinya Verb (kata kerja). Ada dua jenis kata kerja yang bersifat aktif ( Active Voice )
dan kata kerja yang bersifat pasif ( Passive Voice ).

Kalimat aktif / Aktive Voice adalah kalimat yang pelaku atau yang melakukan pekerjaan berada di
posisi subjek.
Pola kalimatnya : S + V + ( O + adverb ). S ( Subjek ) sebagai pelaku, dan V ( Verb ) bermakna ber...
atau me...Disebut kalimat aktif karena pelakunya berada di posisi subjek dan objeknya dikenai
pekerjaan.
Contoh : Rani puts an apple on the table.

Sedangkan kalimat pasif / Passive Voice adalah kalimat yang pelaku berada di posisi objek dan secara
grammatical diawali oleh preposisi by yang artinya oleh.
Contoh : An apple is put by Rani on the table.

Passive Voice sangat erat kaitannya dengan Tenses, karena kalimat Passive Voice mengikuti bentuk
tensesnya. Konsep Dasar Passive Voice adalah Be + V3

Syarat-syarat membentuk kalimat Passive Voice :

1. Kalimat Verbal
Yakni kalimat yang kata kerja utamanya ( Ordinary) berupa selain be.
2. Menggunakan Transitive Verb yakni kata kerja yang membutuhkan objek, baik yang diikuti oleh 1
objek (Monotransitive ) maupun yang diikuti oleh 2 objek ( Ditransitive).
3. Kalimat yang berupa kata kerja yang berupa aktivitas ( Dinamic Verb ).

Yang tidak bisa dipasifkan :

1. Kalimat Nominal.
2. Kalimat yang menggunakan Intransitif Verb ( Verb yang tidak membutuhkan objek )
3. Kata kerja have/has yang bermakna mempunyai ( posses )
Have/has secara struktur tidak bisa dipasifkan , tetapi secara meaning bisa dipasifkan dengan
catatan mengganti have/has dengan belong to.

Contoh kalimat : I have a new car ( Active Voice ) tidak boleh dipasifkan menjadi A new car is had
by me. Jadi kalimatnya harus dirubah menjadi A new car belong to me . ( structure active tapi
meaning passive )

Dibawah ini adalah rumus Passive Voice dalam 16 Tenses

1. Simple Present
S + is/am/are + V3 + ( by O )

2. Present Continuous
S + is/am/are + being + V 3 + ( by O )

3 Present Perfect
S + have/has + been + V3 + ( by O )

4. Present Perfect Continuous

S + have/has + been + being + V3 + ( by O )
 5. Simple Past
S + was/were + V3 + ( by O )

6. Past Continuous
S + was/were + being + V 3 + ( by O )

7. Past Perfect
S + had + been + V3 + ( by O )

8. Past Perfect Continuous

S + had + been + being + V3 + ( by O )

9. Simple Future
S + will/shall + be + V3 + ( by O )

10. Future Continuous

S + will/shall + be + being + V 3 + ( by O )

11. Future Perfect

S + will/shall + have + been + V3 + ( by O )

12. Future Perfect Continuous

S + will/shall + have + been + being + V3 + ( by O )

13. Past Future

S + would/should + be + V3 + ( by O )

14. Past Future Continuous

S + would/should + be + being + V 3 + ( by O )

15. Past Furure Perfect

S + would/should + have + been + V3 + ( by O )

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous

S + would/should + have + been + being +V3 + ( by O )

Contoh Kalimat :
1.Simple Present
Active : Ninda eats healthy food everyday.
Passive : Healthy food is eaten by Ninda everyday.

2. Present Continuous
Active : Fina is watering some flowers.
Passive : Some flowers are being watered by Fina.
3. Present Perfect
Active : Dony has driven a new car.
Passive : A new car has been driven by Dony.

4. Present Perfect Continuous

Active : Tomy has been drawing some pictures.
Passive : Some pictures have been being drawn by Tomy.

5. Past Continuous
Active : Lany paid a tax last week.
Passive : A tax was paid by Lany last week.

6. Past Continuous
Active : Three workers were lifting a big cupboard.
Passive : A big cupboard was being lifted by three workers.

7. Past Perfect
Active : A raging storm had destroyed hundreds houses.
Passive : Hundred houses had been destroyed by a raging storm.

8. Past Perfect Continuous

Active : Sinta had been slicing some meat in the kitchen.
Passive : Some meat had been being sliced by Sinta in the kitchen.

9. Simple Future
Active : Jenny will visit many tourism places next holyday.
Passive : Many tourism places will be visited by Jenny next holyday.

10. Future Continuous

Active : Evi will be supervising examinees at 7 tonight.
Passive : Examinees will be being supervised by Evi at 7 tonight.

11. Future Perfect

Active : Astronomers will have built new space station by 2040.
Passive : New space stations will have been built by astronomers by 2040.

12. Future Perfect Continuous

Active : Joe will have been finishing his master degree by the end of June next year.
Passive : Joe's master degree will have been being finished by him by the end of June next year.

13. Past Future

Active : Culled would make a checking account last Monday.
Passive : A checking account would be made by Cullen last Monday.

14. Past Future Continuous

Active ; A taxi driver would be taking some passengers to the airport.
Passive : Some passengers would be being taken by a taxi driver to the airport.

15. Past Future Perfect

Active : Some architects would have been designed a hundred story building.
Passive : A hundred story building would have been being designed by some architects.

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous

Active : Three scientists would have been researching an incurable disease.
Passive : An incurable disease would have been being researched by three scientists.