As a Network Engineer Must Learn These Protocols.

Some Important protocols to ensure efficient and reliable communication for enterprise
Companies:

● Routing Protocols

1. BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)

- Used for routing between different autonomous systems, particularly in connecting to
the internet.

2. OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)

- An internal gateway protocol used for routing within a single autonomous system.

3. EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)

- Cisco proprietary protocol used for efficient and scalable routing within an enterprise.

4. IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System)

- Used in large service provider networks and sometimes in large enterprise networks
for internal routing.

5. RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

- An older protocol used in small to medium-sized networks, less common in large
enterprises.

● Switching Protocols

1. STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)

- Prevents loops in network topologies by creating a spanning tree that spans all
switches in a network.

2. RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol)

- An enhancement of STP that provides faster convergence.
3. MSTP (Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol)
- Allows multiple VLANs to be mapped to a single spanning tree instance.

4. VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol)

- Manages VLAN configuration across multiple switches.

5. LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol)

- Combines multiple physical links into a single logical link for redundancy and
increased throughput.

6. LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol)

- Used for network devices to advertise their identity and capabilities on a local network.

● Additional Protocols

1. VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)

- Provides high availability by ensuring that a backup router takes over if the primary
router fails.

2. HSRP (Hot Standby Router Protocol)

- Cisco's proprietary version of VRRP.

3. IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)

- Manages multicast group memberships in IPv4 networks.

4. PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast)

- Used for routing multicast traffic.

● Security Protocols

1. IPSec (Internet Protocol Security)

- Used for securing IP communications by authenticating and encrypting each IP packet.

2. SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security)

- Provides encrypted communication over the network.
3. 802.1X
- Provides network access control based on authentication.

● Quality of Service (QoS) Protocols

1. DiffServ (Differentiated Services)

- A protocol for specifying and controlling network traffic by class so that certain types
of traffic get precedence.

2. MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching)

- Directs data from one network node to the next based on short path labels rather than
long network addresses.

These protocols work together to ensure efficient, reliable, and secure network
communication within a large enterprise.