Contoh Soal Menghitung Reaksi Perletakan Balok Sederhana

Contoh Soal Menghitung Reaksi Perletakan Balok (Beam)

Agar suatu sistem (dalam hal ini balok) dalam keadaan statis atau tidak bergerak, maka harus ada
beberapa perletakan pada sistem tersebut agar gaya-gaya luar dapat diimbangi oleh perletakan.
Jenis Perletakan ada tiga yaitu perletakan jepit, perletakan sendi, dan perletakan rol. Dalam
statika ada 3 syarat statis yang harus di penuhi yaitu :

ƩFY = 0

ƩFX = 0

ƩM = 0

Materi kali ini yang dibahas adalah tentang menghitung reaksi perletakan, menghitung gaya
lintang dan nilai momen dari suatu struktur balok (beam).

SOAL 1 (BEBAN TEPUSAT)

Jawaban :

Menghitung Reaksi Perletakan

ƩMA = 0

(–RBV×22) + (30 × 15) + (10 × 9) + (20×4) = 0

(–RBV×22) + 620 = 0

RBV = 620/22 = 28.18 kN

ƩMB = 0

(RAV×22) – (20×18) – (10×13) – (30×7) = 0

(RAV×22) – 700 = 0

RAV = 700/22 = 31.82 kN

CHECK

ƩFY = 0

RAV + RBV – P1 – P2 – P3 = 0

31.82 + 20.18 – 20 – 10 – 30 = 0 (OK)

Menghitung Bidang Lintang

DA = RAV = 31.82 kN

DC = RAV – P1 = 31.82 – 20 = 11.82 kN

DD = DC – P2 = 11.82 – 10 = 1.82 kN

DE = DD – P3 = 1.82 – 30 = –28.18 kN

DB = DE + RBV = –28.18 + 28.18 = 0 kN

Menghitung Bidang Momen

MA = RAV × L = 31.82 × 0 = 0 kN.m

MC = (31.82×4) – (20×0) = 127.28 kN.m

MD = (31.82×9) – (20×5) – (10×0) = 186.38 kN.m

ME = (31.82×15) – (20×11) – (10×6) – (30×0) = 197.3 kN.m

MB = (31.82×22) – (20×18) – (10×13) – (30×7) + (RBV×0) = 0 kN.m

SOAL 2 (BEBAN MERATA)

Jawaban :

Menghitung Reaksi Perletakan

ƩMA = 0

(–RBV×6) + (20×6×3) = 0

(–RBV×6) + 360 = 0

RBV = 360/6 = 60 kN

ƩMB = 0

(RAV×6) – (20×6×3) = 0

(RAV×6) – 360 = 0

RAV = 360/6 = 60 kN

CHECK

ƩFY = 0

RAV + RBV – (q×L) = 0

60 + 60 – (20×6) = 0 (OK)
Menghitung Bidang Lintang

DA = RAV = 60 kN

DA1 = RAV – (20×1) = 60 – 20 = 40 kN

DA2 = RAV – (20×2) = 60 – 40 = 20 kN

DA3 = RAV – (20×3) = 60 – 60 = 0 kN

DA4 = RAV – (20×4) = 60 – 80 = –20 kN

DA5 = RAV – (20×5) = 60 – 100 = –40 kN

DA6 = RAV – (20×6) = 60 – 120 = –60 kN

Menghitung Bidang Momen

MA = RAV × L = 60 × 0 = 0 kN.m

LMAX = RAV/q = 60/20 = 3 m

MMAX = (RAV×LMAX) – (1/2×q×LMAX2) = (60×3) – (1/2×20×32) = 90 kN.m

MB = (60×6) – (20×6×3) + (RBV×0) = 0 kN.m

SOAL 3 (BEBAN TERPUSAT DAN BEBAN MERATA)

Jawaban :

Menghitung Reaksi Perletakan

ƩMA = 0

(–RBV×10) + (10×8) + (5×6×3) = 0

(–RBV×10) + 170 = 0

RBV = 170/10 = 17 kN

ƩMB = 0

(RAV×10) – (5×6×(3+4)) – (10×2) = 0

(RAV×10) – 230 = 0

RAV = 230/10 = 23 kN

CHECK

ƩFY = 0

RAV + RBV – (q×L) – P = 0

23 + 17 – (5×6) – 10 = 0 (OK)

Menghitung Bidang Lintang

DA = RAV = 23 kN

DA1 = RAV – (5×1) = 23 – 5 = 18 kN

DA2 = RAV – (5×2) = 23 – 10 = 13 kN

DA3 = RAV – (5×3) = 23 – 15 = 8 kN

DA4 = RAV – (5×4) = 23 – 20 = 3 kN

DA5 = RAV – (5×5) = 23 – 25 = –2 kN

DA6 = RAV – (5×6) = 23 – 30 = –7 kN

DC = RAV – (5×6) = 23 – 30 = –7 kN

DD = DC – P = –7 – 10 = –17 kN

DB = DD + RBV = –17 + 17 = 0 kN

Menghitung Bidang Momen

MA = RAV × L = 23 × 0 = 0 kN.m

LMAX = RAV/q = 23/5 = 4.6 m

MMAX = (RAV×LMAX) – (1/2×q×LMAX2) = (23×4.6) – (1/2×5×4.62) = 52.9 kN.m

MC = (23×6) – (5×6×3) = 48 kN.m

MD = (23×8) – (5×6×(3+2)) = 34 kN.m

MB = (23×10) – (5×6×(3+4)) – (10×2) + (RBV×0) = 0 kN.m

SOAL 4 (BEBAN TERPUSAT DAN BEBAN MERATA)

Jawaban :

Menghitung Reaksi Perletakan

ƩMA = 0

(20×4×(2+14)) – RBV×14 + (20×12) + (20×10) + (40×8×4) = 0

– RBV×14 – 3000 = 0

RBV = 3000/14 = 214.29 kN

ƩMB = 0

(RAV×14) – (40×8×(4+6)) – (20×4) – (20×2) + (20×4×2) = 0

(RAV×14) – 3610 = 0

RAV = 3160/14 = 225.71 kN

CHECK

ƩFY = 0

RAV + RBV – (q1×L1) – P1 – P2 – (q2×L2) = 0

214.29 + 225.71 – (40×8) – 20 – 20 – (20×4) = 0 (OK)

Menghitung Bidang Lintang

DA = RAV = 225.71 kN

DA1 = 225.71 – (40×1) = 225.71 – 40 = 185.71 kN

DA2 = 225.71 – (40×2) = 225.71 – 80 = 145.71 kN

DA3 = 225.71 – (40×3) = 225.71 – 120 = 105.71 kN

DA4 = 225.71 – (40×4) = 225.71 – 160 = 65.71 kN

DA5 = 225.71 – (40×5) = 225.71 – 200 = 25.71 kN

DA6 = 225.71 – (40×6) = 225.71 – 240 = –14.29 kN

DA7 = 225.71 – (40×7) = 225.71 – 280 = –54.29 kN

DA8 = 225.71 – (40×8) = 225.71 – 320 = –94.29 kN

DC = RAV – (40×8) = 225.71 – 320 = –94.29 kN

DD = DC – P1 = –94.29 – 20 = –114.29 kN

DE = DD – P2 = –114.29 – 20 = –134.29 kN

DB = DE + RBV = –134.29 + 214.29 = 80 kN

DF = DB – (q2×L2) = 80 – (20×4) = 0 kN

Menghitung Bidang Momen

MA = RAV × L = 225.71 × 0 = 0 kN.m

LMAX = RAV/q1 = 225.71/40 = 5.64 m

MMAX = (RAV×LMAX) – (1/2×q1×LMAX2) = (225.71×5.64) – (1/2×40×5.642) = 636.81 kN.m

MC = (225.71×8) – (40×8×4) = 525.68 kN.m

MD = (225.71×10) – (40×8×(4+2)) – (20×0) = 337.1 kN.m

ME = (225.71×12) – (40×8×(4+4)) – (20×2) – (20×0) = 108.52 kN.m

MB = (225.71×14) – (40×8×(4+6)) – (20×4) – (20×2) + (RBV×0) = –160 kN.m

MF = (225.71×18) – (40×8×(4+10)) – (20×8) – (20×6) + (RBV×4) – (20×4×2) = 0 kN.m