2.3 Immersed Tunnel Technology

IMMERSED TUNNEL
An innovation to cross a water-body
Presented by: Sumit Kar & Vishnu Saini

On 20 February 2015
Page 1
RoyalHaskoningDHV
100 Offices 35 Countries 8,000 Employees
 Independent, international engineering and project management

consultancy with over 130 years of experience.
 Headquartered in the Netherlands with strong roots the United

Kingdom and South Africa.
 ISO 9001:2008, ISO14001:2004 and

OHSAS18001:2007 certified company.
 Turnover of Euro 700 million

Royal HaskoningDHV headquarters in
Amersfoort, the Netherlands
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RoyalHaskoningDHV
Page 3
RoyalHaskoningDHV India
15 Offices 350 Employees
 India Corporate office is in Noida NOIDA, (NCR)
Bhopal Patna
 Other Major offices located at

Mumbai, Bangalore and Bhopal. Aurangabad
Mumbai
 Turnover of INR 50 Crore

Goa
Bangalore Corporate Office

Regional Office
Site office
Page 4
RoyalHaskoningDHV
Our market sectors:
 Aviation  Infrastructure  Urban Areas
 Buildings  Maritime  Water
 Energy  Mining Technology
 Industry  Rural Areas
Infrastructure:
• Roads • Bridges • Railways
• Highways • Tunnels • Metros
Our Services (Infrastructure):

 Feasibility Studies  Tender Document  Asset Management
 Pre-bid Advisory Preparation  Road Maintenance
Services  Tender Evaluation  Road Safety
 Detailed Engineering  Project Management
Design  Construction
 Financial & Economic Supervision
Analysis  Quality Assurance
Page 5
TEC (Tunnel Engineering Consultants)
 TEC is a brand company of Royal HaskoningDHV
 Joint venture of two major consultancy firms

RoyalHaskoningDHV (67%) and Witteveen Bos (33%)
 TEC was established in 1989
 Tunneling experts with key expertise in Immersed Tunneling.
Page 6
Tunnel Expertise
 Civil design and engineering related to
• immersed tunnels
• bored tunnels in soft soil
• cut & cover tunnels
•
 Electro mechanical installations
special tunnel techniques
• ventilation
• pumps
• lighting
• power supply
• traffic control
• dynamic traffic systems
•
 Safety aspects
operation
• (Road) Safety analysis

• Operational procedures
• QRA and Scenario Analysis
 Integral design in complex (urban) environment
 Road alignment design
 Risk assessment & Value Engineering
 Maintenance plans
Page 7
Tunnel Services
 Policy formulation
 Master planning
 Feasibility studies
 Supervision of works
 Assistance during tendering
 Preliminary designs, detailed designs and tender documents
 Operation and maintenance
 Training
 Contract and project management
 Risk management & value engineering
Page 8
Immersed Tunnel
Page 9
Immersed Tunnel
What is an Immersed Tunnel ?
 It is hollow concrete blocks immersed under water

and joined to form tunnel.
Where it is used ?
 It is used to cross a water-body as an alternative to

bridge.
 It is an advantage where navigation is a must
requirement.
Page 10
Immersed Tunnel Technique - over 100 years
USA : Railtunnel Detroit River Europe : Maastunnel (R’dam, NL)

1910 1937-1942
Introduction / History
Page 11
Steel Tunnels in the USA
Page 12
Concrete Tunnels in Europe
Page 13
Potential advantages in alignment design
 Specially River Crossings
Page 14
Practically every shape
 Cost effective for wide Tunnels
Page 15
Practically every waterway
Page 16
Advantages over Bridge
 Does not create obstruction to the navigation channel.
 Does not block the hydrological channel.
 Avoid siltation which is a common phenomenon for a

bridge support.
 Advantage for a soft soil condition when a bridge

support is difficult.
 Advantage over land acquisition on the banks.
Page 17
Principle of Immersed Tunnels
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 Step 1: Casting of the blocks in dry docks
 Step 2: Transport of the blocks in to the site
 Step 3: Preparation of bed and dredging
 Step 4: Immersing of the blocks
 Step 5: Joining of the blocks
 Step 6: Finishing and foundation
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Characteristics / Advantages
 Suitable for various and relatively poor soil conditions
 Parallel construction processes and relatively low and
manageable risk profile
 Capable of dealing with (severe) seismic events
 80-90% of all construction works can be done by local
contractors (limited input from international specialist
subcontractors)
Page 28
Immersed Tunnel Projects
Coatzacoalcos Mexico
Page 29
Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Link China
Page 30
Fehmarnbelt Denmark
Page 31
Amstardam Central Station (under historic building )
Page 32
Thank you
Page 33

2.3 Immersed Tunnel Technology

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IMMERSED TUNNEL

An innovation to cross a water-body

Presented by: Sumit Kar & Vishnu Saini

 Independent, international engineering and project management

 Headquartered in the Netherlands with strong roots the United

 ISO 9001:2008, ISO14001:2004 and

 Turnover of Euro 700 million

 India Corporate office is in Noida NOIDA, (NCR)

 Other Major offices located at

 Turnover of INR 50 Crore

Bangalore Corporate Office

Our Services (Infrastructure):

 Joint venture of two major consultancy firms

 TEC was established in 1989

 Tunneling experts with key expertise in Immersed Tunneling.

• (Road) Safety analysis

What is an Immersed Tunnel ?

 It is hollow concrete blocks immersed under water

 It is used to cross a water-body as an alternative to

USA : Railtunnel Detroit River Europe : Maastunnel (R’dam, NL)

 Does not block the hydrological channel.

 Avoid siltation which is a common phenomenon for a

 Advantage for a soft soil condition when a bridge

 Advantage over land acquisition on the banks.

 Step 2: Transport of the blocks in to the site

 Step 3: Preparation of bed and dredging

 Step 4: Immersing of the blocks

 Step 5: Joining of the blocks

 Step 6: Finishing and foundation

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