Solution

MCQ WORKSHEET - ELECTRIC CHARGE, FIELD & FLUX

Class 12 - Physics

1.
(b) Coulomb
Explanation: The unit of electric charge is Coulomb (C).
2.
(b) 50 V cm −1

Explanation: a = 8.8 × 10 14
m/s
2

e 11 −1
= 1.76 × 10 C kg
m

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F eE e
a= = = ( )E
m m m

14 11
8.8 × 10 = 1.76 × 10 × E
14
8.8×10 −1 −1
E = = 5000V m = 50V cm

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11
1.76×10

3.

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(b) rubbing
Explanation: The triboelectric effect is a type of contact electrification on which certain materials become electrically charged
after they come into frictional contact with a different material.

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Or by rubbing the body having the lower work function loses the electron and becomes positive and another body gains the
electron becomes negative.
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4. (a) swings backward & forward hitting each plate in turn
Explanation: When the other plate is connected to the high voltage generator, the negative charge induced on the ball cause
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attraction. When it strikes the +ve plate charge distribution again takes place. This causes repulsion. Hence, the ball swings
backwards and forward hitting each plate in turn.
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Or it is attracted by the high voltage plate, when charge is shared, ball is repelled until it goes to other plate and whole of the
charge is transferred to the earth and the process is repeated.
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5.
(b) 1.6 × 10-19 coulomb
Explanation: 1.6 × 10-19 coulomb
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6.
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(c) 6 × 1018
Explanation: As we know that,
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q = ne
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q
∴ No of protons, n = e
1
=
−19
1.66×10

= 6.02 × 1018
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7.
(b) charge, which is a fraction of a coulomb is not possible
Explanation: Charge quantization means that the charge cannot take any arbitrary values, but only values that are integral
multiples of the fundamental charge.
8.
q
(d) Both ∮ E. dS = 0 if the charge is outside the surface and ∮ E. dS = ε0
if charges of magnitude q is inside the surface
Explanation: If there were only one type of charge in the universe, then also Gauss Law would have been valid.
9.
2

(b) −κ e
r⃗
r3

Explanation: Charge on an electron = -e

Charge on nucleus of hydrogen = +e

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 (−e)×e 2
⃗ ke
∴ F = κ ^ = −
r r⃗
2 3
r r

r⃗
Here r^ = r
is unit vector along the line joining electron to the nucleus. The negative sign shows that the force is of attraction.
10.
(b) decrease
Explanation: Since the spheres are conducting, the surface charge distribution on each sphere will be altered because of the
repulsion from the charges on the other sphere. In particular, the charges on each sphere will be pushed away by the charges on
the other sphere. This will cause the charges on opposite spheres to be further away from each other, and the force of repulsion
to be less than in the case of a uniform surface charge distribution.
11.
(b) C2m-2N-1
q q
Explanation: F = 1

4πε0
⋅
1

2
2

r
q q

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1 2
∴ ε0 =
2
4πFr

= C2m-2N-1
2

SI units of permittivity = c

2
Nm

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12.
(d) M-1L-3T4A2

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Explanation: Dimension of Permittivity is given by = [Charge]2 × [Force]–1 × [Distance]–2
Or, ε0 = [AT]2 × [M1 L1 T-2]–1 × [M0 L1 T0]–2 = [M-1 L-3 T4 A2] = M-1L-3T4A2

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13.
(d) C2 N-1 m-2
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Explanation: C2 N-1 m-2
14.
PH
(d) charge distribution on the spheres is not uniform
Explanation: charge distribution on the spheres is not uniform
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15.
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(d) smaller
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Explanation: F = ma = eE ⇒ a = eE

s = ut + 1

2
at2
t2
1 eE
h=0+
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2 m
−
−−−
∴ t=√ 2hm

eE
⇒ t ∝ √−
−
m

As electron has a smaller mass, its time of fall will be smaller than that of a proton.
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16. (a) q Ey
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Explanation: Increase in K.E. of the charged particle = Work down on the particle by the electric field
= qE × y = q Ey
17. (a) 30 cm
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Explanation:

At point P, EA = EB
−6 −6
10×10 40×10
or 1

4πε0
⋅
2
=
4πε0
1
⋅
2
x (0.90−x)

or 1
=
4

x2 (0.90−x)
2

or 0.90 - x = 2x
or x = 0.30 m = 30 cm

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18.
(b) -q
Explanation:

As the net force on q is zero, so

4q×q Qq
k
2
+ k
2
= 0 or Q = -q
l (l/2)

19.
(c) it may have formly distributed charge
Explanation: In each of the cases given above, the electric field is not uniform.

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20.
(c) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii)

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Explanation: As we know that,

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q
Linear charge density, λ = , where, L is length of rod

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L
q
Volume charge density, ρ = V
, where, V is volume
The electric field is quantified by electric field intensity.
The unit of torque is Newton meter.

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21.
TA
qE
(c)
sinθ

PH
T
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Explanation:
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SE
SH

qE
For equilibrium, T cosθ = mg ; T sin θ = qE , Hence, T =
sinθ
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22.
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(c) α -particles
Explanation: α -particles are charged particles, so they are deflected by an electric field.
23.
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(c) − (1.0 × 10 3 N

C
^
) i

Explanation: Using E =
F

E= − (1.0 × 10 3 N

C
^
) i

24.
(c) 1.125 NC-1
Explanation: E = F

Putting values, E = 562.5

500
= 1.125 NC-1

25. (a) 3 ⋅ 3 × 10 −18

C
Explanation: Here, mass of the drop ( m) = 9.9 × 10-15 kg; Electric field (E) = 3 × 104 Vm-1
Let q be the charge on the drop. As the drop neither falls nor rises, the force due to the electric field is just equal to its weight

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 i.e.,
qE = mg
mg −15
9⋅9× 10 ×10
or q = E
=
4
= 3.3 × 10
−18
C
3×10

26.
(c) qEx
Explanation: If a charge q placed in uniform electric field E, it experiences force, F = qE
displacement = x
W = Force × displacement = qE x
According to work energy theorem, Net work done = change in Kinetic energy
Hence, Kinetic energy attained = qE x.
27.
(d) − E

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2

Explanation: Electric field of -2Q at the location of charge Q,

(−2Q)
κ
2
=E
r

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Electric field of Q at the location of -2Q,

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Q
E' = κ = −
E

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2 2
r

28.

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(d)
TA
PH
T

Explanation:
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Upper side of the neutral conductor will be negatively charged. Lower side of the neutral conductor will be positively charged.
Then the field lines will be from positive to negative as shown in the diagram.
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29.
(c) radial, inwards
Explanation: Electric lines of force about a negative point charge are radial, inwards.
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30. (a) are imaginary

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Explanation: An electric line of force is an imaginary continuous line or curve drawn in an electric field.
31.
–
(b) √3 aλ
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ϵ0
–
Explanation: The maximum length of string that can be fit into cube is √3a which is equal to the length of body diagonal. So,
–
the charge inside the cube is √3 λa
q √3 λa
So, flux ϕ = ∈0
=
∈0

32.
(d) Each one of these
Explanation: If the electric field is E and the area is A, the electric flux associated with the area is ϕ = EA cos θ.
Where θ represents the angle formed between the surface and the electric field.
The electric flux is clearly dependent on the electric field strength, area, and angle between the surface and the electric field.
33.
(c) Zero
Explanation: On all the dipoles, net charge = 0. Hence net charge enclosed within the surface = 0. So the total electric flux
qnet
coming out of the surface, ϕ = ε0
= 0

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34.
(b) volt × meter
Explanation: SI unit of electric flux is
2
N×m J×m

C
=
C
= volt × m
35. (a) Net charge enclosed and permittivity of the medium
Explanation: Net charge enclosed and permittivity of the medium
36.
(b) Electric dipole moment
Explanation: SI units for electric dipole moment are Coulombmeter (Cm), however, the most common unit is the Debye (D).
37.
(c) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
Explanation: As we know that,

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q
⃗
E = r ,⃗ p ⃗ = q × 2ap^
4πε0 r3

Field produced by a dipole is known as dipole field.

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Electric field lines do not intersect each other.

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38. (a) Ea = 2Eq

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Explanation: Electric field at any axial point is twice the electric field at the same distance along the equatorial line
∴ Ea = 2Eq

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39. (a) 2
2p
Explanation: For z >> a, |Ez| =
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3
4πε0 z
p
For y >> a, |Ey| = 3
4πε0 y

For z = y >> a,
PH | Ez |

∣
∣Ey ∣
∣
=2
–
40. (a) √2 qa along the line joining the points (x = 0, y = 0, z = 0) and (x = a, y = a, z = 0)
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Explanation:
The given charge assembly is equivalent to two dipoles. One dipole of charges -q and +q has dipole moment p ⃗ along +ve X-
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1
S-

→
direction and other dipole of charges -q and +q has dipole moment p along +ve Y-direction. The resultant dipole moment
2

p ⃗ has magnitude,
−−−−−−
−−−−−−−− − –
p = √p 2
1
+ p
2
2
2 2 2 2
= √q a + q a = √2qa
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−
−→
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p⃗ is directed along OP, where P is (a, a, 0).

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41.
(d) E1 = 2E2
Explanation: The electric field at any axial point is twice the electric field at any equatorial point of the dipole at the same
distance. E1 = 2E2

42. (a) 1.0 × 10 Nm −4

Explanation: τ = pEsinθ = 4 × 10 −9 4
× 5 × 10 sin 30
0
= 1 × 10
−4
Nm

43.
(b) 4 μC
Explanation: τ = pE sin θ

= q × 2a × E sin θ
−3
τ 8×10
q = = = 4μC
2a E sin θ −2 5 0
2× 10 ×2× 10 ×sin 30

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44. (a) 2 mC
Explanation: τ = pE sin θ = q(2a) E sin θ
4 = q × 2 × 10-2 × 2 × 105 sin 30o
q = 2 × 10-3 C = 2 mC
45.
(b) p and r-3
Explanation: At any far away equatorial point of an electric dipole,
i.e., E ∝ pr-3
p
E= 4πε0
1

3
r

46.
(d) p ⃗ × E⃗
Explanation: Torque on a dipole,

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⃗
τ ⃗ = p⃗ × E

47.
(b) 2 : 1

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Explanation: When the two conducting spheres touch each other there will be a flow of charge until they both have the same

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potential. Let R1 and R2 be the radii of spheres 1 and 2, respectively. Let Q1 and Q2 be the charges on spheres 1 and 2,
respectively, after they are separated.
Let the common potential=V,

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Q1 = 4π∈o R1
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Q2 = 4π∈o R2

R1 = 10cm
R2 = 20cm PH Q1
Surface charge density on sphere 1,σ 1 =
2
4πR
1
T

Q2
Surface charge density on sphere 2, σ 2 =
2
4πR
2
2
σ1 Q1 R
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2
= ×
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σ2 Q2 2
R
1
2
σ1 R1 R
2
= ×
σ2 R2 2
R
1

σ1 R2
=
σ2 R1
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σ1 20
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=
σ2 10

σ1 : σ2 = 2 : 1

48.
AS

(d) σ
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ε0
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Explanation:

Field due to a parallel infinite non conducting sheet is given by E = σ

2∈0

As two plates are placed parallel, at a point between them field due to positively charged plate will be along the negative plate
and due to negatively charged plate field is also towards negatively charged plate.
Thus total field E = + =
σ

2∈0
towards left.
σ

2∈0
σ

∈0

49.
(b) 2λ

4π ε0 R

2λ
Explanation: the field at center is given by 4π ε0 R

50.
(d) any closed surface

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 Explanation: Gauss's law is valid for any closed surface.
51.
(c) (ε 0
)
−1

q −1
Explanation: ϕ E =
ε0
=
1

ε0
= (ε0 )

52. (a) −10 Nm /C 3 2

q
Explanation: Electric flux is given by ϕ = ∈0
since amount of charge not depends on size and shape so by making radius
double the amount of charge remain same, so electric flux remain same.
−6
q×10
53. (a) 6ε0

−6
1 Net charge enclosed q×10
Explanation: ϕ E =
6
⋅
ε0
=
6ε0

54.
q
(c)

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24ε0

Explanation: When charge q is placed at one corner, the flux through each of the three faces meeting at this corner will be
zero, as E⃗ is parallel to these faces. One-eighth of the flux emerging from charge q passes through the remaining three faces, so

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1 1 q 1 q
the flux through each such face is ϕ E =
3
⋅
8 ε0
=
24
⋅
ε0

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55.
q
(c) 8ε0

Explanation: When the charge q is placed at one corner of the cube, only one-eighth of the flux emerging from the charge q

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passes through the cube.
q
∴ ϕE =
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8ε0

56. (a) ED > EA = EB =EC = 0

Explanation: ED > EA = EB =EC = 0
4πq
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57. (a) 1

6 4πε0
T

q 4πq
Explanation: ϕ E =
ε0
=
1

6 (4π ε0 )
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58.
S-

(d) electric field intensity

Explanation: The relation between E, σ and E is E = σ

59.
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(c)
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2π ε0 a

Explanation: λ = linear charge density;

Charge on elementary portions is given by dq = λ dx
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Electric field at O is given by , dE = λdx

2
4πε0 a

Horizontal electric field, i.e., perpendicular to AO, will cancelled.

Hence, net electric field = addition of all electrical fields in direction of AO
= ∑ dE cos θ
λdx
⇒ E = ∫ cos θ
2
4πε0 a

Also, dθ = dx

a
or dx = adθ

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 π

π/2 λ cos θdθ λ 2

E = ∫ = [sin θ]
−π/2 4π ε0 a 4π ε0 a −π/2

λ λ
= [1 − (−1)] =
4π ε0 a 2π ε0 a

ρr
60. (a) 3ε0

Explanation: Electric field inside a uniformly charged sphere (r < R),

q
E= ⋅
1

4πε0
r
3
R

But q = 3
4
π R3ρ
ρr
∴ E= 3ε0

61. (a) zero

Explanation: The electric field at any point inside the conducting sphere is zero.
62. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Gauss's law and Coulomb's law, although expressed in different forms, are equivalent ways of describing the relation between

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charge and electric field in static conditions. Gauss's law is ε 0ϕ = qend , when qend is the net charge inside an imaginary closed
surface called Gaussian surface. ϕ = ∮ E⃗ ⋅ dA⃗ gives the electric flux through the Gaussian surface. The two equations hold only

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when the net charge is in vacuum or air.

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TA
PH
T

(i) (c) ∮ ⃗
E ⋅ ds ⃗ = 0 if charge is outside, ∮ ⃗
E ⋅ ds ⃗ =
q
if charge is inside
ε0

Explanation: If there is only one type of charge in the universe then it will produce electric field somehow. Hence
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Gauss's law is valid.

(ii) (c) Vector
Explanation: Vector
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(iii) (c) 6 × 105

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Explanation: According to Gauss's theorem,

q
Electric flux through the sphere = ε0
q
Electric flux through the hemisphere = 1
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∴
2 ε0
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= 0.56 × 106 N m2 C-1

−6
10×10
= −12
2×8.854×10

≈ 0.6 × 106 Nm2 C-1 = 6 × 105 N m2 C-1

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(iv) (b) ϕ
Explanation: As flux is the total number of lines passing through the surface, for a given charge, it is always the
Q
charge enclosed ε0
. If area is doubled, the flux remains the same.

(v) (c) zero

Explanation: As net charge on a dipole is (-q + q) = 0
Thus, when a gaussian surface encloses a dipole, as per Gauss's theorem, electric flux through the surface.
63. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
dq
Surface charge density is defined as charge per unit surface area of surface charge distribution. i.e., σ = dS
. Two large, thin metal
plates are parallel and close to each other. On their inner faces, the plates have surface charge densities of opposite signs having
magnitude of 17.0 × 10-22 Cm-2 as shown. The intensity of electric field at a point is E = σ

ε0
, where ε = permittivity of free
0

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space.

(i) (d) zero

Explanation: There are two plates A and B having surface charge densities, σ A
= 17.0 × 10
−22
C/m2 on B,
respectively. According to Gauss' theorem, if the plates have same surface charge density but having opposite signs,
then the electric field in region I is zero.
EI = EA + EB = σ

2ε0
+ (−
σ

2ε0
) =0

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(ii) (a) zero
Explanation: The electric field in region III is also zero.
EIII = EA + EB = σ σ
=0

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+ (− )
2ε0 2ε0

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(iii) (a) 1.9 × 10-10 N/C

IC
Explanation: In region II or between the plates, the electric field.
EII = EA - EB = +
σ

2ε0
σ

2ε0

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σ( σA or σB ) −22

= ε0
=
17.0×10

−12
8.85×10

E = 1.9 × 10-10 NC-1

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(iv) (d) 1 : 1
Explanation: Since, electric field due to an infinite-plane sheet of charge does not depend on the distance of
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observation point from the plane sheet of charge. So, for the given distances, the ratio of E will be 1 : 1.
(v) (a) cylindrical
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Explanation: In order to estimate the electric field due to a thin finite plane metal plate, we take a cylindrical cross-
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sectional area A and length 2r as the gaussian surface.

S-
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AS
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