NISHANT TANWAR CLASSES - PHYSICS

PANKHA ROAD, JANAKPURI D BLOCK

WORK SHEET - POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

Class 12 - Physics

1. One volt is equivalent to: [1]

AR
a) newton/second b) newton/coulomb

c) joule/coulomb d) joule/second

S
2. A tin nucleus has a charge + 50 e. If the proton is at 10-12 m from the nucleus, then the potential at this position [1]

NW

IC
is: (charge on proton = 1.6 × 10-19 Q)

a) 7.2 × 104 V b) 14.4 × 108 V

YS
c) 1.44 × 104 V d) 7.2 × 108 V
TA
3. Electric potential inside a conducting sphere [1]
PH
a) increases from centre to surface. b) remains constant.

c) decreases from centre to surface. d) is zero.

T

4. If potential (in volts) in a region is expressed as V(x, y, z) = 6xy - y + 2yz, the electric field (in N/C) at point (1, [1]
AN

1, 0) is:
S-

a) −(3^i + 5^j + 3k
^
) b) ^ ^ ^
−(2 i + 3j + k)

c) −(6^i + 5^j + 2k
^
) d) ^ ^ ^
(6 i + 5j + 2k)
SE
SH

5. The voltage of clouds is 4 × 106 V with respect to ground. In a lightning strike lasting 0.1 s, a charge of 4 C is [1]

delivered to the ground. The power of the lightning strike is:

AS

a) 20 MW b) 160 MW
NI

c) 500 MW d) 80 MW
6. The velocity v acquired by an electron starting from rest and moving through potential difference V is shown by [1]
CL

which of the following graphs?

a) b)

c) d)

7. A capacitor of 20 μ F is charged up to 500 V is connected in parallel with another capacitor of 10 μ F which is [1]

1 / 10
igniting excellence in learning
 charged up to 200 V. The common potential is:

a) 500 V b) 400 V

c) 300 V d) 200 V
8. A long, hollow conducting cylinder is kept co-axially inside another long, hollow conducting cylinder of a larger [1]
radius. Both the cylinders are initially electrically neutral.
Which of the following statements is correct based on the above-mentioned condition?

a) No potential difference appears between the b) A potential difference appears between the
two cylinders when same charge density is two cylinders when a charge density is
given to both the cylinders. given to the outer cylinder.

AR
c) No potential difference appears between the d) A potential difference appears between the
two cylinders when a uniform line charge is two cylinders when inner cylinder is

S
kept along the axis of the cylinders. charged.

NW

IC
9. An electron initially at rest, is accelerated through a potential difference of 200 volt, so that it acquires a velocity [1]
8.4 × 106 m/s. The value of e/m of electron will be:

YS
a) 0.76 × 1012 C/kg b) 1.76 × 1011 C/kg
TA
c) 3.76 × 1012 C/kg d) 2.76 × 1012 C/kg

10. A point charge Q is moved along a circular path around another fixed point charge. So, the work done is
PH [1]

a) always zero b) zero only if Q returns to it's starting position

T

c) zero only if the two charges have the same d) zero only if the two charges have the same
magnitude magnitude and opposite signs
AN
S-

11. A hollow metal sphere of radius 10 cm is charged such that the potential at its surface is 80 V. The potential at [1]
the centre of the sphere is:
SE

a) 80 V b) 8 V
SH

c) 800 V d) Zero
12. A charge Q is uniformly distributed over the surface of a spherical shell of radius R. The work done in bringing [1]
AS
NI

a test charge Q0 from its centre to its surface is

QQ
a) 1 0
b) Zero
4πε0 R
CL

QQ QQ
c) 0
d) 1 0

ε0 R 4πε0 2R

13. Equal charges are given to two conducting spheres of different radii. The potential will [1]

a) be more on the bigger sphere b) be equal on both the spheres

c) be less on the smaller sphere d) depend on the radii of the sphere

14. Four-point charges -Q, -q, 2q, and 2Q are placed, one at each corner of the square. The relation between Q and q [1]
for which the potential at the centre of the square is zero is:

a) Q = −
1

q
b) Q =
1

c) Q = -q d) Q = q
15. Two charges -10C and +10C are placed 10 cm apart. Potential at the centre of the line joining the two charges is: [1]

2 / 10
igniting excellence in learning
 a) 4 V b) zero

c) -2 V d) 2 V
16. Equipotentials at a great distance from a collection of charges whose total sum is not zero are approximately [1]

a) planes b) ellipsoids

c) spheres d) paraboloids
17. If we carry a charge once around an equipotential path, then work done by the charge is [1]

a) infinity b) negative

c) zero d) positive
18. Figure shows some equipotential lines distributed in space. A charged object is moved from point A to point B. [1]

AR
S
NW

IC
YS
TA
a) The work done in Fig. (iii) is greater than b) The work done in Fig. (ii) is least.
Fig. (ii) but equal to that in Fig. (i).
PH
c) The work done in Fig. (i) is the greatest. d) The work done is the same in Fig. (i), Fig.
(ii) and Fig. (iii).
T

19. Equipotential surface at a great distance from a collection of charges whose total sum is not zero are [1]
AN
S-

approximately

a) spheres b) ellipsoids

c) planes d) paraboloids
SE
SH

20. Can two equipotential surfaces intersect each other? [1]

a) Yes b) Only when surfaces intersect at 90o

AS
NI

c) Sometimes d) No
21. Work done in moving a unit positive charge through a distance of x metre on an equipotential surface is: [1]
CL

a) 1

x
joule b) zero

c) x2 joule d) x joule

22. Potential energy of two equal positive charges 1μC each held 1m apart in air is [1]

a) Zero b) 1 J

c) d)
9 × 10-3 J 9 × 10-3 eV
23. In which of the states shown in the figure, is potential energy of an electric dipole maximum? [1]

a) b)

3 / 10
igniting excellence in learning
 c) d)

24. A positively charged particle is released from rest in a uniform electric field. The electric potential energy of the [1]
charge

AR
a) increases because the charge moves along b) decreases because the charge moves along
the electric field. the electric field.

S
c) decreases because the charge moves d) remains constant because the electric field is

NW

IC
opposite to the electric field. uniform.
25. If an electron is brought towards another electron, the electric potential energy of the system [1]

YS
a) decreases b) increases
TA
c) remains the same d) becomes zero
26. An electric dipole of moment p is placed in an electric field of intensity E. The dipole acquires a position such
PH [1]
that the axis of the dipole makes an angle θ with the direction of the field. Assuming that the potential energy of
the dipole to be zero when θ = ∘
, the torque and the potential energy of the dipole will respectively be
T

90

a) pE sin θ, −pE cos θ b) pE cos θ, −pE cos θ

AN
S-

c) pE sin θ, 2pE cos θ d) pE sin θ, −2pE cos θ

27. Dielectric constant of a medium is also known as: [1]

SE

a) permeability b) relative permeability

SH

c) relative permittivity d) permittivity

28. The dielectric constant for metal is: [1]
AS
NI

a) 100 b) infinite

c) 1000 d) zero
CL

29. A spherical drop of capacitance 1 μ F is broken into eight drops of equal radius. Then, the capacitance of each [1]
small drop is

a) 1

4
μF b) 1

2
μF

c) 8 μ F d) 1

8
μF

30. A variable capacitor and an electroscope are connected in parallel to a battery. The reading of the electroscope [1]
would be decreased by

a) Decreasing the battery potential b) Increasing the area of overlapping of the

plates

c) Decreasing the distance between the plates d) Placing a dielectric between the plates

4 / 10
igniting excellence in learning
31. The amount of charge a capacitor can store when a potential diffrence of 1V is applied across it is called its [1]

a) resistance b) capacitance

c) reactance d) inductance
32. A 40 F capacitor in a defibrillator is charged to 3000 V. The energy stored in the capacitor is sent through the [1]
patient during a pulse of duration 2 ms. The power delivered to the patient is

a) 90 kW b) 180 kW

c) 45 kW d) 360 kW
33. A 4 μ F capacitor is charged to 400 V. If its plates are joined through a resistance, then heat produced in the [1]
resistance is:

AR
a) 1.28 J b) 0.32 J

S
c) 0.64 J d) 0.16 J

NW
34. The plates in a parallel plate capacitor are separated by a distance d with air as the medium between the plates. [1]

IC
In order to increase the capacity by 66% a dielectric slab of dielectric constant 5 is introduced between the
plates. What is the thickness of the dielectric slab?

YS
a) b) d
d

4
TA
c) d)
d 5d

2 8

35. A parallel plate capacitor of value 1.77μF is to be designed using a dielectric material (dielectric constant 200, [1]
PH
breakdown strength of 3 × 10 −6 −1
Vm ). In order to make such a capacitor, which can withstand a potential
T

difference of 20 V across the plates, the separation d between the plates and the area A of the plates should be

a) d = 10-5 m, A = 10-2 m2 b) d = 10-4 m, A = 10-4 m2

AN
S-

c) d = 10-4 m, A = 10-5 m2 d) d = 10-6 m and A = 10-4 m2

36. Across each of two capacitors of capacitance 1μ F and 4μ F, a potential difference of 10 V is applied. Then [1]
SE
SH

positive plate of one is connected to the negative plate of the other, and negative plate of one is connected to the
positive plate of the other. After contact:

a) charge on each is zero b) charge on each is the same but non-zero

AS
NI

c) charge on each is different but zero d) charge on each is different but non-zero
37. When a dielectric material is introduced between the plates of a charged condenser, then electric field between [1]
CL

the plates:

a) decreases b) first increases then remains constant

c) increases d) remains constant

38. If a dielectric plate of thickness t is placed between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor of plate distance d, the [1]
capacitance becomes half of the original value. The dielectric constant of the plate will be

a) b)
2t t

2d+t d−t

c) d)
t 2t

d+t 2d−t

39. Two identical capacitors, have the same capacitance C. One of them is charged to potential V and the other to
1 [1]
V2 . The negative ends of the capacitors are connected together. When the positive ends are also connected, the
decrease in energy of the combined system is -

5 / 10
igniting excellence in learning
 a) b)
1 2 1 2 2
C ( V1 − V2 ) C (V1 + V2 )
4 4

c) 1

4
C (V1
2
− V2
2
) d) 1

4
C ( V1 + V2 )
2

40. The equivalent capacity of two capacitors in series is 3 μ F and in parallel is 16 μ F. Their individual capacities [1]
are

a) 12, 2 b) 12, 4

c) 8, 8 d) 10, 16
41. To make a condenser of 16μF, 1000 volts, how many condensers are needed which have written on them “8μF,, [1]
250 volts”?

a) 8 b) 32

AR
c) 40 d) 2

S
42. In series combination of capacitors, potential drops across the individual capacitors is [1]

NW
a) inverse ratio of charges stored b) direct ratio of capacitors

IC
c) indirect ratio of capacitors d) inverse ratio of capacitors
43. Three capacitors connected in series have an effective capacitance of 2 μF. If one of the capacitors is removed, [1]

YS
the effective capacitance becomes 3 μF. The capacitance of the capacitor that is removed is
TA
a) 3

2
μF b) 2

3
μF

c) 6 μF
PH d) 1 μF
44. A sheet of aluminium foil of negligible thickness is introduced between the plates of a capacitor. The [1]
T

capacitance of the capacitor:

AN
S-

a) increases b) decreases

c) becomes infinite d) remains unchanged

45. A parallel plate capacitor is charged by connecting it to a battery. Which of the following will remain constant if [1]
SE
SH

the distance between the plates of the capacitor is increased in this situation?

a) Energy stored b) Capacitance

AS

c) Electric field d) Potential difference

NI

46. Four capacitors each of 25μ F are connected in parallel. The voltmeter across them shows a dc of 200 V. The [1]
charge on each plate of capacitor is:
CL

a) ±2 × 10 −3
C b) ±5 × 10
−2
C

c) ±2 × 10 −2
C d) ±5 × 10
−3
C

47. A parallel plate capacitor of 1 μ F capacity is discharging through a resistor. If its energy reduces to half in one [1]
second, the value of resistance will be:

a) b)
9 4
MΩ MΩ
ln(2) ln(2)

c) 2
MΩ d) 16
MΩ
ln(2) ln(2)

48. A parallel plate capacitor of capacity 100 μF is charged by a battery of 50 volts. The battery remains connected [1]
and if the plates of the capacitor are brought closer so that the distance between them becomes half the original
distance, the additional energy given by the battery to the capacitor in joules is:

6 / 10
igniting excellence in learning
 a) 1. 25 × 10 −3
b) 0.125 × 10
−3

c) 12. 5 × 10 −3
d) 125 × 10
−3

49. If the potential difference between the plates of a capacitor is increased by 0.1%, the energy stored in the [1]
capacitor increases by

a) 0.1% b) 0.11%

c) 0.2% d) 0.144%
50. The dimension of 1

2
ε0 E
2
where ε is the permittivity of free space and E is the electric field, is
0 [1]

a) ML-1T-2 b) MLT-1

AR
c) ML2T-2 d) ML2T-1

51. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]

S
When an object is moved against the electric field it gains some amount of energy which is defined as the

NW
electric potential energy. For any charge, the electric potential is obtained by dividing the potential energy by the

IC
quantity of charge and the surface which is the locus of all points which are at the same potential is known as the
equipotential surface.

YS
TA
PH
T
AN

(a) Equipotentials at a great distance from a collection of charges whose total sum is not zero are approximate:
S-

a) paraboloids b) spheres

c) planes d) ellipsoids
SE
SH

(b) Work done in carrying an electron from A to B lying on equipotential surface on one volt potential is

a) 1 eV b) Zero
AS

c) 1 volt d) 10 eV
NI

(c) Electric potential is:

a) vector b) scalar
CL

c) plane d) both
(d) The shape of the equipotential surface for a point charge:

a) sphere b) rectangular

c) circle d) irregular
(e) Electric potential due to the electric dipole is:

a) regular distributed b) spherically symmetric

c) irregular distributed d) cylindrically symmetric

52. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]

7 / 10
igniting excellence in learning
 This energy possessed by a system of charges by virtue of their positions. When two like charges lie infinite
distance apart, their potential energy is zero because no work has to be done in moving one charge at infinite
distance from the other.
In carrying a charge q from point A to point B, work done W = q(VA - VB). This work may appear as change in
q q
KE/PE of the charge. The potential energy of two charges q1 and q2 at a distance r in air is 1 2

4πε0 r
. It is measured
in joule. It may be positive, negative or zero depending on the signs of q1 and q2.
(a) Calculate work done in separating two electrons form a distance of 1 m to 2 m in air, where e is electric
charge and k is electrostatic force constant.
2

a) e
b) ke2
2

AR
2

c) −ke
d) zero
2

(b) Four equal charges q each are placed at four corners of a square of side a each. Work done in carrying a

S
charge -q from its centre to infinity is

NW

IC
2

a) zero b) √2q

π ε0 a

c) √2q

π ε0 a
d) q

YS
π ε0 a

(c) Two points A and B are located in diametrically opposite directions of a point charge of +2 μ C at
TA
distances 2 m and 1 m respectively from it. The potential difference between A and B is

a) -3 × 103 V
PH b) 3 × 103 V

c) 6 × 104 V d) -9 × 103 V
T

(d) Two-point charges A = +3 nC and B = +1 nC are placed 5 cm apart in air. The work done to move charge
AN

B towards A by 1 cm is
S-

a) 1.35 × 10-7 J b) 2.0 × 10-7 J

c) 2.7 × 10-7 J d) 12.1 × 10-7 J

SE
SH

(e) A charge Q is placed at the origin. The electric potential due to this charge at a given point in space is V.
The work done by an external force in bringing another charge q from infinity up to the point is
AS

a) Vq b) V
NI

c) V

q
d) V + q
53. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]
CL

The simplest and the most widely used capacitor is the parallel plate capacitor. It consists of two large plane
parallel conducting plates, separated by a small distance. In the outer regions above the upper plate and below
the lower plate, the electric fields due to the two charged plates cancel out. The net field is zero.
In the inner region between the two capacitor plates, the electric fields due to the two charged plates add up. The
net field is .
σ

ε0

8 / 10
igniting excellence in learning
 For a uniform electric field, the potential difference between the plates = Electric field x distance between the
plates. The capacitance of the parallel plate capacitor is, the charge required to be supplied to either of the
conductors of the capacitor so as to increase the potential difference between then by unit amount.
(a) A parallel plate capacitor is charged and then isolated. The effect of increasing the plate separation on

AR
charge, potential and capacitance respectively are

a) constant, decreases, increases b) constant, decreases, decreases

S
c) constant, increases, decreases d) increases, decreases, decreases

NW

IC
(b) In a parallel plate capacitor, the capacity increases if

a) dielectric constant decreases b) area of the plate is decreases

YS
c) distance between the plates increases d) area of the plate is increases
TA
(c) A parallel plate capacitor has two square plates with equal and opposite charges. The surface charge
densities on the plates are +σ and -σ respectively. In the region between the plates the magnitude of the
PH
electric field is
T

a) b) 0
σ

2ε0
AN

c) 1 d)
σ
S-

ε0

(d) If a parallel plate air capacitor consists of two circular plates of diameter 8 cm. At what distance should the
plates be held so as to have the same capacitance as that of sphere of diameter 20 cm?
SE
SH

a) 2 mm b) 4 mm

c) 9 mm d) 8 mm
(e) If a charge of +2.0 × 10-8C is placed on the positive plate and a charge of -1.0 × 10-8C on the negative
AS
NI

plate of a parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 1.2 × 10-3 μ F, then the potential difference developed
between the plates is
CL

a) 25 V b) 6.25 V

c) 3.0 V d) 12.5 V
54. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]
When the Voltage and Current are in phase with each other in an AC circuit, the energy from the source is fully
converted into another form to drive the load and in this case power factor is in unity. When the power factor
drops, the system becomes less efficient.
In inductive loads, current lags the voltage leading to lagging power factor. Power factor correction is the
method to reduce the lagging power factor in inductive loads by fixing a high value capacitor across the phase
and neutral close to the load. These capacitors have leading power factor so that it will neutralise the lagging
power factor of the load.

9 / 10
igniting excellence in learning
Power capacitors are huge metal film electrolytic type capacitors.
Capacitors should be sufficiently rated to the load capacity. It should be connected to the lines, only when the
loads are running and drawing current.
(a) What is meant by power factor correction?

a) The method to reduce the lagging b) The method to enhance the lagging
power factor in capacitive loads power factor in inductive load

c) The method to reduce the lagging d) The method to enhance the lagging
power factor in inductive loads power factor in capacitive loads
(b) When the energy from source is fully converted into another form, the power factor is

AR
a) 1.0 b) 0

c) ∞ d) 0.5

S
(c) Power capacitors for power factor correction are

NW

IC
a) polarised metal film electrolytic type. b) polarised ceramic non- electrolytic type.

c) non-polarised metal film non- d) non-polarised metal film electrolytic

YS
electrolytic type. type.
TA
(d) Power capacitors for power factor correction have

a) leading power factor.

PH b) leading or lagging power factor
depending on the value of the capacitor.

c) lagging power factor. d) leading or lagging power factor

T

depending on the type of load.

AN
S-

(e) Power factor corrector capacitors should be connected

a) across the phase and ground near the b) across the neutral and ground near the
inductive load. inductive load.
SE
SH

c) across the phase and neutral near the d) across the phase and neutral away from
inductive load. the inductive load.
AS
NI
CL

10 / 10
igniting excellence in learning