1. Informal language is used more often in more relaxed and spontaneous situations.

It is
used when communicating with friends or family either in writing or in conversation.
Formal language is less personal than informal language. It is used when writing for
professional or academic purposes.
2. The difference between sentence A and sentence B:
• Sentence A is used in informal communication and is usually used in verbal situations.
• B sentences are used in more formal situations, such as in a letter or email.
3. The difference between slang and colloquialism:
Colloquial speech is just an informal way of speaking, and is used in everyday situations.
Slang is usually restricted to certain groups (eg youth, street or gangsta, regional and
often uses more "modified" words).
Example:
Colloquial:
 I’m loving your car
 You’re looking good today in your Sunday-best
Slang:
 That ride is sick
 He was absolutely shit-faced