Project Code.

HLC
ALUMINUM LOUVER SUPPORTING
Number codeHLC_TLC_FO_59_G008
HLC_N1718 NORTHCOTE DEVELOPMENT Calc. by Date Rev.
Project:
LAKE ROAD, NORTHCOTE, AUCKLAND, NZ PhuocDao 08/25/23
Checked
Date D
Item: Aluminum box louver connection type 1 by
VuHuynh 08/25/23

1. Design code
NZS-3404: Steel structures Standard
AS/NZS 1664.1:1997 Aluminium structures
2. Overview

3. Input Data
Steel plate
Grade: SS400
Yield strength fyp = 235 MPa
Tensile strength fup = 360 MPa
Plate thickness: tp = 3 mm
Width of steel plate b= 50 mm
Length of steel plate l= - mm
Bolt
Standard: AS 1275
Class: 4.6 TB
Minimum tensile strength: fuf = 400 N/mm2
Bolt diameter: df1 = 8 mm
Hole diameter: d0 = 10 mm
ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008
Aug 2023 1/12 Project code: HLC
Nominal plain shank area of the bolt: A01 = 50 mm2
2
Minor diameter area of the bolt: Ac1 = 29 mm
Pitch: p= 2 mm
Stress area: As= 29 mm2
Distance from bolt to edge of plate direction x ex = 13 mm
Distance from bolt to edge of plate direction x ey = 13 mm
Distance from edge of hole to edge of plate direction x aex = 7.5 mm
Distance from edge of hole to edge of plate direction y aey = 7.5 mm
Number of shear planes with threads intercepting the shear plane: nn = 1 -
Number of shear planes without threads intercepting the shear plane: nx = 0 -
Reduction factor
For bolt in shear: Φ= 0.8 Table 3.3
For bolt in tension: Φ= 0.8 Table 3.3
For ply in bearing: Φ= 0.9 Table 3.3
For bending and shear member: Φ= 0.9 Table 3.3
For bolted lap connection: kr = 1.0 Table 9.3.2.1
For bolt including earthquake: C1 = 1.0

4. Applied loads

ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008

Aug 2023 2/12 Project code: HLC
 Wind pressure analysis
Location position AUCKLAND
Regions A6 [III]Fig.3.1
Importance level 2 [II]Tb.3.2
Average recurrence interval R= 500 years [II]Tb.3.3
Regional Wind Speed VR = 46 m/s [III]Tb.3.1
Building size Height H= 15 m
Width W= 1.5 m
Terrain Category 3 [III]Tb.4.2(B)
Terrain/Height multiplier Mz,cat = 0.94 [III]Tb.4.1(A)
Wind direction Multiplier Md = 1 [III]Tb.3.2
Shielding Multiplier Ms = 1 [III]4.3
Topographic Multiplier Mt = 1 [III]4.4
Site wind speed Vsit,β = VRMd(Mz,catMsMt) = 43.24 m/s [III]2.2
Design wind speed in ULS Vdes,θ = Vsit,β = 43.24 m/s [III]2.3
Design wind speed in SLS Vdes,θ = Vsit,β = 34.78 m/s [III]2.3
Density of air ρair = 1.2 kg/m 3
[III]2.4.1
Internal pressure coefficient Cp,i = -0.3 [III]Tb.5.1(A)
Internal pressure coefficient Cp,i = 0.3 [III]Tb.5.1(A)
External pressure coefficient (positive)Cp,e_p = 0.8 [III]Tb.5.2(A)
External pressure coefficient (negative)Cp,e_n = -0.65 [III]Tb.5.2(A)
Area reduction factor Ka = 1 [III]Tb.5.4.2(A)
Combination factor Kc = 1 [III]Tb.5.5
Porous cladding reduction factor Kp = 1 [III]5.4.5
Arerodynamic shape factor for external (positive) [III]5.2
Cfig,e_p = Cp,e_pKaKcKp = 0.8
Arerodynamic shape factor for external (negative) [III]5.2
Cfig,e_n = Cp,e_nKaKcKp = -0.65
Dynamic responce factor Cdyn = 1 [III]6.1
Max design positive wind pressure for all direction
2
ULS Ppositive = (0.5ρair)[Vdes,θ] Cfig,e_pCdyn = 0.90 kN/m2 [III]Eq.2.4(1)
2 2
ULS Pnegative = (0.5ρair)[Vdes,θ] Cfig,e_nCdyn = -0.73 kN/m [III]Eq.2.4(1)
2
SLS Ppositive = (0.5ρair)[Vdes,θ] Cfig,e_pCdyn = 0.58 kN/m2 [III]Eq.2.4(1)
2
SLS Pnegative = (0.5ρair)[Vdes,θ] Cfig,e_nCdyn = -0.47 kN/m2 [III]Eq.2.4(1)
Load transfer to support frame of louver
Aluminum density γalu = 27 kN/m3
Self-weight of aluminum frame RHS-40x100x1.8 Ag = 491 mm2
(06 frames) g= 0.0133 kN/m
w= -0.03 kN/m ULS
w= -0.02 kN/m SLS
2
RHS-30x70x1.5 Ag = 291 mm
(06 frames) g= 0.0079 kN/m

ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008

Aug 2023 3/12 Project code: HLC
 w= -0.02 kN/m ULS
w= -0.01 kN/m SLS
Height of louver h= 3.135 m
Width of lover b= 2.135 m
→ Total dead load as line load applies to support frame
DL = 0.031 kN/m
→ Total wind load as line load applies to support frame
W= -0.450 kN/m ULS
→ Total wind load as line load applies to support frame
W= -0.291 kN/m SLS
→ Total live load (maintenance) as point load applies to support frame
LL = 1.100 kN SLS
5. Connection design
5.1.1 Bolts group 1 design

Bolts number:
Number of bolts n= 1
Number of bolt rows (perpendicular to force line direction) nr = 1
Number of bolt columns (parallel to force line direction) nc = 1
Applied force: Load combination1.2DL + 1.0W
Fz* Fx* Fy* M x* My* Mz *
kN kN kN kNm kNm kNm
0.02 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Interpretation of load compositions
Shear force per critical bolts:
Shear force direction x Vx1* = Vx*/n = 0.24 kN
Shear force direction y Vy1* = Vy*/n = 0.00 kN
Total shear force to bolt Vtot = (Vx1*2 + Vy1*2)0.5 = 0.24 kN
Tension force per critical bolts:
Tension force caused by moment N* = 0.00 kN
Bolt load in shear [9.3.2.1]
Shear force applied to bolt Vf* = 0.2 kN
ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008
Aug 2023 4/12 Project code: HLC
Nominal shear capacity of a bolt in Vf = 0.62fufkr (nnAc + nxA0 ) = 7.30 kN
shear
Designed shear capacity of a bolt in shear ΦVf = 5.8 kN
Demand to capactiy ratio Vf*/(ΦVf) = 0.04 Satisfied
Bolt in tension [9.3.2.2]
Tension force applied to bolt Ntf* = 0.2 kN
Nominal tension capacity of a bolt Ntf = 11.8 kN
Designed tension capacity of a bolt ΦNtf = 9.4 kN
Demand to capactiy ratio Ntf*/(ΦNtf) = 0.03 Satisfied
Bolt subject to combined shear and tension
Demand to capactiy ratio [Vf*/(ΦVf)]2 + [Ntf*/(ΦNtf)]2 = 0.00 Satisfied
Ply in bearing [9.3.2.4]
Bearing force applied to hole Vb* = 0.24 kN
Nominal bearing capacity of a ply Vb1 = 3.2dftpfup = 28 kN [Eq 9.3.2.4(1)]
Vb2 = aetpfup = 8 kN [Eq 9.3.2.4(2)]
Vb = Min[Vb1; Vb2] = 8 kN
Designed bearing capacity of a ply ΦVb = 7 kN
Demand to capactiy ratio Vb*/(ΦVb) = 0.03 Satisfied
5.1.2 Screws group 1 design
For screwed connections in shear, the design shear capacity (ɸV w ) shall be the minimun of
the capacities calculated from Clauses 5.4.2.3, 5.4.2.4, 5.4.2.5 and 5.4.2.6 - (I)
a. Tension in the connected part
Total shear force causes tension in connected part Nt* = 0.0
The nominal tensile capacity of the net section Nt = Min[(*),(**)] = 0.0 kN 5.4.2.3(1)
(2.5df/sf)Anfu = 0.0 kN (*) 5.4.2.3(2)
Anfu = 0.0 kN (**) 5.4.2.3(3)
Demand to capactiy ratio Nt*/(ɸNt) = #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 5.4.2.3(1)
Spacing
sf = 20 mm
of

Net area of the connected part An = Ag - (pdh20.25n) = 0.00 cm2

Number of standard holes in a single row n= 0
The standard hole diameter df = 0 mm
Capacity reduction factor for connection in shear ɸ= 0.65 Table 1.6.3-I
b. Tilting and hole bearing
Shear force causes hole bearing Vb* = 0.0
The nominal bearing capacity of the connected part Vb = #NAME? kN
Demand to capactiy ratio Vb*/(ɸVb) = #NAME? #NAME?
t2/t1 = #DIV/0!
For t 2 /t 1 ≤ 1, V b shall be taken as the smallest of the following(***):
Vb = 4.2*(t23df)0.5*fu2 5.4.2.4(2)-I
Vb = C*t1*df*fu1 5.4.2.4(3)-I

ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008

Aug 2023 5/12 Project code: HLC
 Vb = C*t2*df*fu2 5.4.2.4(4)-I
For t 2 /t 1 ≥ 2.5, V b shall be taken as the smallest of the following(****):
Vb = C*t1*df*fu1 5.4.2.4(5)-I
Vb = C*t2*df*fu2 5.4.2.4(6)-I
For 1.0 <
5.4.2.4(c)-I
t2/t1 <
Thickness of the part not in contact with the screw head t2 = 0 mm
Thickness of the part contact in contact with the screw head t1 = 0 mm
Tensile strength of the part not in contact with the screw head fu2 = 0 Mpa 0
Tensile strength of the part in contact with the screw head fu1 = 0 Mpa years
Bearing factor C2 = #VALUE!
C1 = #VALUE!
For d f/t < 6, C = 2.7
For 6 < d f/t ≤ 13, C = 3.3 - 0.1(df/t)
For d f/t > 13, C = 2.0
Capacity reduction factor for connection in shear ɸ= 0.5 Table 1.6.3-I
c. Connection shear as limited by end distance
Shear force causes shear end connected part Vb* = 0.2
The nominal shear force capacity Vfv = t*e*fu = 0.0 kN 5.4.2.5(2)-I
Demand to capactiy ratio Vb*/(ɸVfv) = #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Thickness of the part in which the end distance is measured t= 5 mm 5.4.2.5(2)-I
Distance e= 20 mm 5.4.2.5(2)-I

Capacity reduction factor for members in tension ɸ= #DIV/0! const Table 1.6.3-I
d. Screw in shear
Shear force to screw Vb* = 0.0
The nominal shear force capacity Vw = 0 kN
Demand to capactiy ratio N*/(ɸVw) = #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Capacity reduction factor for connection in shear ɸ= 0.65 const Table 1.6.3-I
f. Summary table
Nt*/(ɸNt) Vb*/(ɸVb) Vb*/(ɸVfv) Vb*/(ɸVw) Vn*/(ɸVn)
#DIV/0! #NAME? #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #REF

5.2. Bolts group 2 design

ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008
Aug 2023 6/12 Project code: HLC
Bolts number:
Number of bolts n= 4
Number of bolt rows (perpendicular to force
nr = 2
line direction)
Number of bolt columns (parallel to force line
nc = 2
direction)
The polar moment off inertia of bolt group Ip = 88072 mm4/mm2
Applied force: Load combination, ULS1 1.2DL + 1.0W
Load combination, ULS2 1.2DL + 1.5LL
CBs Fz* Fx* Fy* M x* My* Mz * Level arm d = 500 mm
[] kN kN kN kNm kNm kNm
ULS2 0.04 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00
ULS1 1.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.85 0.00

Vertical distance of bolt a1 = 80 mm

Horizontal distance of bolt a2 = 100 mm
Interpretation of load compositions
Shear force per critical bolts:
Shear force direction x Vx1* = Vx*/n = 0.42 kN
Shear force direction y Vy1* = Vy*/n = 0.00 kN
2 2 0.5
Total shear force to bolt Vtot = (Vx1* + Vy1* ) = 0.42 kN
Tension force per critical bolts:
Tension force caused by moment N* = 4.23 kN
Bolt load in shear [9.3.2.1]
Shear force applied to bolt Vf* = 0.42 kN
Nominal shear capacity of a bolt in Vf = 0.62fufkr (nnAc + nxA0 ) = 7.30 kN
shear
ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008
Aug 2023 7/12 Project code: HLC
Nominal shear capacity of a bolt in
shear
Designed shear capacity of a bolt in shear ΦVf = 5.8 kN
Demand to capactiy ratio Vf*/(ΦVf) = 0.07 Satisfied
Bolt in tension [9.3.2.2]
Tension force applied to bolt Ntf* = 4.23 kN
Nominal tension capacity of a bolt Ntf = 11.8 kN
Designed tension capacity of a bolt ΦNtf = 9.4 kN
Demand to capactiy ratio Ntf*/(ΦNtf) = 0.45 Satisfied
Bolt subject to combined shear and tension
2 2
Demand to capactiy ratio [Vf*/(ΦVf)] + [Ntf*/(ΦNtf)] = 0.21 Satisfied
Ply in bearing [9.3.2.4]
Bearing force applied to hole Vb = 0.42 kN
Nominal bearing capacity of a ply Vb1 = 3.2dftpfup = 28 kN [Eq 9.3.2.4(1)]
Vb2 = aetpfup = 8 kN [Eq 9.3.2.4(2)]
Vb = Min[Vb1; Vb2] = 8 kN
Designed bearing capacity of a ply ΦVb = 7 kN
Demand to capactiy ratio Ntf*/(ΦNtf) = 0.06 Satisfied

6. Louver supporting frame

6.1 RHS-50x100x3
Steel grade SS400

b
Section properties
Length L= 500 mm
Thickness t= 3 mm
Width b= 50 mm
Height h= 100 mm
Section area A= 5000 mm2
Moment inertia Ix = 1121192 mm4
Section modulus Wx = 22423.84 mm3
Yield strength fy = 235 MPa
Shear yield strength fs = 0.6*fy 141 MPa
ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008
Aug 2023 8/12 Project code: HLC
Elastic modulus E= 200000 MPa
Reduction factor f= 0.9
Applied loads

Dead load in SLS Q1 = 0.031 kN

Dead load in ULS Q2 = 1.2*Q1 0.0372 kN
Live Load in SLS P1 = LL 1.100 kN
Live Load in ULS P2 = 1.5*P1 = 1.65 kN

Bending moment M2 = (Q2 + P2) * L 0.8436 kNm

Bending moment M1 = (Q1 + P1) * L 0.5655 kNm
Shear force V = P2 + Q2 1.6872 kN
Stress
Ratio = [M2/(f*fy*Wx)]2 + [V/(f*fs*A)]2
= 0.032

Additional deflection of out-trigger beam due to thermal break

ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008

Aug 2023 9/12 Project code: HLC
 Stress-curve of the XPS thermal break (refer to "20230822[INDLAB]151305")
Applied bending moment M1 = 565500 Nmm
Lever arm Le = H - h/2 - 57mm 104.3333 mm
The width of end plate B= 170 mm
Height of end plate H= 176 mm
The height of compression zone h = H/6 = 29.33333 mm

Compression force in the flange Fc =M / Le = 5420.128 N

Compressive stress sc = Fc / A 1 MPa

2
Area load A = B*h = 4986.667 mm
Compressive strength (refer to "SGS test report") ss = 196 MPa
Strain e= 0.017
Elastic modulus of the filler plate Eb = 50 MPa
Thermal thickness tb = 10.0 mm
The average compression shortening of the plate dc = tb * sc / Eb 0.2 mm

Bolt M16
The grip length of the bolt Lb = 40 mm
The area of the bolt Ab = 200.96 mm2
The elastic modulus of the bolt material E= 200000 MPa
Elongation of the bolts in tension dT = (Fc * Lb) / (Ab * E) = 0.005 mm
The additional joint rotation due to the filler plate
ɸ = sin-1[dc + dT)/Le] = 0.0019 Rad
Deflection of thermal break + bolt f2 = f * L = 0.9500 mm
3
Total deflection, f1 + f2 = P1*L /(3*E*I) + f2
= 1.150 mm < [f] = L/125 4.0000 mm

6.2 Steel L-50x50x3

ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008

Aug 2023 10/12 Project code: HLC
Grade SS400

b
Section properties
Length L= 880 mm
Thickness t= 3 mm
Width b= 50 mm
Height h= 50 mm
Section area A= 291 mm2
Moment inertia Ix = 71500 mm4
Section modulus Wx = 1964 mm3
Yield strength fy = 235 MPa
Shear yield strength fs = 0.6 * fy 141 MPa
Elastic modulus E= 200000 MPa
Reduction factor f= 0.95
Applied loads (Refer to Chapter 4. Appied loads)

The dead load (DL) is quite small, so it is ignored in this calculation below
Wind load in ULS WLULS = 0.450 kN/m
Wind load in SLS WLSLS = 0.291 kN/m
ULS q = 1.0WLULS 0.450 kN/m
SLS q = 1.0WLSLS 0.291 kN/m
Bending moment M = q * 0.53m2/2 0.063 kNm
Shear force V = q*(0.53m + 0.98m/2) 0.459 kN

Stress
Ratio = [M/(f*fy*Wx)]2 + [V/(f*fs*A)]2
ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008
Aug 2023 11/12 Project code: HLC
 = 0.02089
Deflection
Deflection, f3 = q*0.534/(8*E*I)
= 0.310 mm < [f] = L/250 = 3.52 mm

ALUMINUM BOX LOUVER DESIGN Number: HLC_TLC_FO_59_G008

Aug 2023 12/12 Project code: HLC