COURSE OVERVIEW

Comprises of 4 major sub-section

● Need of UPF and UPF Basics
● UPF Power Aware Design
● UPF power Aware Veri cation
● Miscellaneous Concepts

fi
VLSI Design Phases
VLSI / chip design ow

1. Market Analysis and Product Speci cations Power estimation

-
2. Design Speci cation
3. Design Entry(HDL) >
GLS
S
4. Functional Veri cation -
5. Log ic Synthesis - Tech library > Formal
6. Floor Planning
7. Layout/P and R
8. Physical veri cation > Power Aware
9. Tapeout. -si fab

Moores law - every 18 month transistor on a chip will double

Glnew = Gloid
2 ↳
-

A= x . b Anew = D
-
. b
2

*
In the same area we could pack double the transistor (every 18 month)

↓ =
cu2f =
Pdacuf
C = capacitance v= voltage f = freq alpha = switching activity -

V=volttage
↑d ↑ with every generation .
fi
fi
fi
fl
fi
Minimizing power is of prime importance ↑

0 . 8

[3GHE] .

CPU GPU 110

Memory

high speed bus

Bus Bridge
Display Video
peripheral
Bus
↑ 0 .
g (2GHz)
why not 0 . 6

VART Timers G PID's

CPU
video
=

=
3 GHZ

2 Gur
Y 0 8-1 6V
.

0 6-1 28 .
.

.
Pd = <(v2f

RTL Simulation Vs Power Aware Simulation

Vad if not connected ?
* Vad is

Behavioural Modeling if Uss is not connected ?

(RTL Simulation)

a
vin ut Real

and this
Si will

can't
not function

be caught using

RTL Simulation .

=
aND
=-Y power Aware verification using
Vin Voot upF
Vad

X= va

X = Na go I A
X

USS

y = u9b I O if Uss =
-

oV$Udd = zV
.

Not met underministic

x =
value
 Vad = VI
a Vdd =
Ve
a

nT -d
L
=

Real Si
RTL Sim Case -
1

3 Andidnt
cab
t V ,

V2 is ON
is off
,
C=

d
undermistic
NC - Undirtmistic
o =

Case It
VI is on C = asb
Case EV)
&
-

V , ISON ,
Gab ve-isoFF d = Na-undiministic

V2 is ON d =
vC

Case-III
= RTC Simulation V
, . is off cBd
.

ve - is off undermistic .

RTL Simulation Cannot Capture the case-1 , 2 ,

3 Hense we

need power aware simulation

.

Consideration a
: [if Vi = V2 &V , is on ,
d = ~casb))

& V, is off , d = under .

(b) VI ! = v2 V, V Vi Vz

ON ON ON On

· Su ON OFF > [0 .
26]
270 .
4VE1
0 . 25 + /
OFF ON I [0 . 3V

10 350 10270 >

off 0 26K
.

off 0 260
-

. .

down shift voltge value

.
 UPF Basics
Y .

What is a UPF ?

United power format [IEEE standard

.
For
defining power intent of the design ?

Upf 1 0. 2 0
. 201 . 0
3
↓ ↓s
2007 2009 2013 2015

Accelera upf <IEEE 180 - 2009] (IEEE 1801 2013]

-
(IEEE 1801-2015)

Static/Formal
TCL -

(Syntax
upf >
-
used for verification (simulation
Dynamic Esvalter
↳ used for implementation Gist

Components
Basic of UPF

top
1 . Power Domain
.
2 Power Supply Network

Connect- supply ports -

Cou you

(parts /nets /sets/switches) Pdl Pdz

.
3 Power State Table .

PDI PD2
ON ON

ON OFF

OFF ON

OFF OFF
u . Isolation Cells
.
5 Level Shifter
.
6 Retention Cells
7
.

Ripratee strategy
 Power Domain
↳ Group ofclements that share Common set of
supply power
Rot)
Let's "dut" dut
assume our current scope is

cou Video
set .
Scope dut

Crate-power-domain PD-dut)
B1 B2 B3

include-scope >
anything below B' 1 B2 By
>
- -

dut will be covered .

Crate-power domain PD-CPU)

-
dut
-

elements <Puy S-
Crate-power-domain PD-video I Cou video
-

eliments video y
BI B2 B3 Bi Be By

Crate-power-domain
-
Clemmts
PB-CPUB
ECpu/BI CpulB2Y
>
-

Curate-power-domain PD-Video Blash

Hip)//
-
-
elements video/h2 vidrolB
3 I

dut/PD =

CPU A
N T
> N - -
⑭
-

-
-

video Bhush
-

B duff PD -
.
 Supply Nets/Ports
E ports & Connection supply nets)
>
-

Point for

>
-
nets CHDL Representation of a power rail)
>
-

sets
D switches

6
>
-

-
.

VDD-H-domain
Gratp-supply-not PD-CpU
②
E domain
Crate-supply-not VDD-H PD-CPUB-reuse
-

>
-
I
resolve unursolved/parallel Ione-hott
parallel-one-hot/relice>
crate-supply-not VDD-L-domain Plevideo vdd -

cerrate-supply - Port VDD H-domain PD-CPO)

-
UpF OR
-

direction <in loutl inout > via RTL

↳ direction is in

Connect top lovel power Romain part

FSupply Not
Supply
Connet supply-not
-
VDD-H-corts VDD-H

I ↓ Vint

.
VDDoH
S
#Evint &

evrate-supply-pert

crate-supply-port
E
VDD -damain
-

PD-CPU
uss-domain
Cpu
-
S
&
S
I
/S

S
Video
W
&
Iv SS
PD - CPU
USS-domain PD-Video
create ,

supply-part PD-Vidpo
PD-CPU

vint domain .
output
Grate-supply-part pd-cpo-direction
crate- vint-domain PD-Video
Supply-part .
 domain
crate-supply not VDD-H PD-CPC
-

crate Vint-domain
Supply-not
-
PD-CPU
vint-domain PD-video-reuse
crate-supply- not

Connect-supply not VDD-H ports VDD-4

-

Connect-supply-not vint-parts vint

Supply Sets
- power
PD -
(po primary -Ground Crafe-power-domain PD-(Pu)
PD- < pu default - isolation -

eliments EcpuY
PD-cpu default-retention I

Abstract
Curate-supply-set scoll >
-

simplifies upf Curation

->

Faction powery >

-

Reusable upf IP
Function & grandy) a well/pwell functions
-
-

-Action & nwell y

dut
S

Crate-power-domain PD-CPU-elimits ECPOY

Cpu Video
Set-isolation isolation Cpu-up
F
E
-

=
-
domain PD-CPU

applies to outputs F E
-

-
.

PD- Cpu PDeVideo

.
 Power Switches

·
-
PMC con dut PD-dut
.
vad-h-gated
when Pg-en =

Vdd-h
peop
Vdd-h-gated =
pg-en
=
ON State
-
eSP -
/ ↑B2
B3
off stafs

uddoh-gated Vdd-h-gated
.

Vdd-h .

PD-cpuB

Curate-power-switch psw -

Vdd-h-gated-domain PD-Cpu)
output-
supply-part
"VCOUT radhe-gated
·

input- Supply-part "VCIN Uddeb" ↑

-

Cl
EN"
F

On-State ON VCCIN
99 m
-

OFF -
Statp OFF ! EX
2
& &
13
My
Control
-

part EN $
Pg -
=
en
em

Power State Table dut -

VDD C VDD-V D
de
-
VDD .

↓ ↓ Co gV]
Ezeu?
.

[IkS
.

#
display
*
-
- F
-
- S
sou video
video
Cpu Display
W
F
-
-
L
T
E
-
- USS -
USS
-
USS

PD
/

-
CPU PD-VIDEO PD-DISPLAY

video
Cru Display Crrafp-power-domain

3
craft-
Supply-port
V
All OFF ↳ off Off
,

V -

C-ON V-off Vald

LOWD-1 .

crate-suppy-not
CON D-OFF
Lowp -
2 V-ON Connet
Suppy-nith
-

ALLON C-ON V-ON D-ON

,
 23 8 [4
= State are possible or
illegal)
1 . add -

port-state VOD C -
=
statpE CON 1 .
0% /

State
-
&C -

OFF
OFFY
2
. add - part State
-
VDD-V >
- state EVON 1 . 24
-
>
State EV-ofF off
.
3 add-port-staff g}
S

VDD-P =>

stafe ED-ON 0 .

-
stafp ED-OW OFFY

EVDD V
Create-pst Top-PST -

supplies -
C VDD :

racodly
add-pst State -
ALLOFF-pst Top-pST-StateEC-OFF V-OFF
DofFY
add-pst-state Lowpel-pst Top-pst-states Con v-off
proffy
add -

pst-State Lowp 2-pst-

Top-Pst-Stafp[C -
ON V-ON
D-OFFY
add-pst Staff -
ALLON-PST TOPOPST-StatpECON v-ON
Don

extra notps >

-

VDD .
C
spower is supplied Y-EOUGus
S
a
& power is not connected

VsS = ov = ON Staff
Uss = off =
Dower is not
connected)
 VDD-L
#
VDD - C

Level Shifters &

-
Er
- Sigh
#

Sigh

sigs
Cu video
PD-CPU PD-VIDEO
S

Lets suppose /

0 8-1891 >I 1
-
.

↑-
- Y
Y
VS S
10 7 90
20 .
g vy0 PD CPU
VS S
PD-VID EO
.
-

&

if we sand 0 91. - Cputo video thin it will consider 1 .

24

but this will

0 9
.

Elgic 1] 0 .
9 trated as O N

in video domain Hense we need level shiffer .

I <po to video
*
* S IV.

Sign
Stsu ⑳ (logic) (log
Ris
a

I
Y up shifter .

3 3V
.

Cnpn) [nmoS]

IS 100 livrl Shifter

Basic lovel shifter .

↑ Video for 100 signal

cu
Crossing .

UPF CODE

Set-levl-Shifter LS _ CPU -
VIDEO)
-

domain PD-Cpul
-

applies to output )
location self location-self/parnt/ other/fancut
-
-

↳ Default .

Isolation Cells
O

- Shutoff ON

-
-

Y
-
PST CPU VIDEO CPU X Video

Fe
Low Power OFF ON

underministic .

To avoid this isolation Gills or inserted -

 [2 : /] Mox When ISO-EN is active
20/1/
later) N
/P
it transfer
to the
pre-determined
olp
value

[SignT O
but when ISO-EN is not

Ap I active it transfer ilp

1 so -
EN ISO EN-
-
>
-- Op-IIP .

ISO >
EN-1- 10/1/ lateh]
↳ .

PMU
EIP
-

[011Klatch & iso en-b.

.

VDD-C VDD-D 12 1 .
2V
-
# E- VDD- C VDD-D

C OFF DON

PD-CPU PD-VIDEO
VDD-C

↑ O IP
X power
supply of isolation 61s should

[
=

114
.

be .
-
always ON

& In shard not be isolated and it

should
=
belong to ON-domain
.

UpF Code =

-
Sets isolation ISO _ CPU-VIDEO
-

isolation . Sunse lawly

- domain
(domain-name] ↑

Location
Self
~

applies to outputs
↑

Clamp-value <Old late) upF words.

-

-
isolation -
signal isolation -
enables
 Pre upE o

Set-isolation-Control
Isolation
ISO -
CPU-VIDEO
I
Signal <1 &
-

isolation-sense <)

location self
-

if
you want to isolate a particular output in that we can use

elements with the output .

name

Input vs output isolation cells

Now instead of
putting isolation at the output of PD-CPO we
Can place isolation to the input of PD-VIDEO

& ---- ---I-domain IDEO

PDEVIDEO
-

applies to input
iR-
-

↑
I

& Ii I

----
-
-

-
-I
-

Cou VID Ep

input isolation
 Retention Cells
flop (e)

3
M
L saved before power off
.

Restore after power on

①
System Stability
②
Power US performance
L
Part Master/glove Alive
single
>
-

Dual Port Balloon latch

Sarp1 Restore
Master/Slove Alive

D Q
-

VDD
- ALIVE

Ave
A ak
>
-
I -

D
D
Master
8
Slove Q-
-

In
latch latth o +
13 + ve
edge triggered .

:en
-

CIk

Dear
-L -
/1 Sleep
- Low perform an ip

Area
Savings .

Ballon latch

*
Shadow

11
-
-& &
I Registe
D D Q
-

Restore S Q
>
-

ze
Save Restore
Better O O
performance
-

Area [More Area] I 8

-

2 IPS O I
> No Clock
gating ReP
-

.
 Upf Code Per Rotation LIS
S

Set-retention rotain-a-bl
-
domain PD -a )
retention-power-not CONS 1
-

retention-ground-not USS
-

elements E 3

Set-retention Control votain-a-b)

domain -

PD-a (
E Y I
-save
signal
9
Signal
I
-resturp -

Power-domain default-retention

FLAT UPF v/s Hierarchical UPF

DUT
Video
PD -
dut E dut

display

PD-CPU
PD-CPUB Video
display
·
PD-Video

bb-CD
~
um

Flat upF > dut UpF

.

set scope dut Sit scope dut

>
cratp-power-domain PD-dut) Crate-power-domain PD-dut
-

include -Scope Curate

Supply-port VDD

Curate power-domain PD-CPU-Climents &CPUG load-up Cpo UPF-Scope

.

curate -
power-domain PD-VIDEO -
climents videol land ,
upF Cpuupp-> scope apo

Load-up video upf

Iwratp-supply-part VDD-c-direction in .
 sou-upf
Set scope CPU
Crate-power-domain <)
load-upk BlupF-scope b)

UPF Evolution 1.0 vs 2.0 vs 3.0

2007 2009 2013 2015

Accellera UpF >

-

IEEE 1801 -
2009
-
IEEE 1801 -
2013 >
-

IEEE 1801-2015
2 /
-

1 .
0 2 0 .
.
3 0
.

~
set-scope criafe-supply setY -

add-power-state I
-
Grafp-power-domain

Connect-supply-set I
-
curafp-supply-part upf I .
Of
~ set-isolation - upF 2 Of
criutp-supply-not .

Connect
-
supply not
V
set isolation-control 1/I depicted in
crratp-power-switch V set -
vil-shifter upF 2 . 1 +
-
cratp-pst ~ Set-retention

add-pstState & Set-retention -

Conta begw-power model 1) IMDB
adde port-state load-upF ~ end-power-model (2) Power covery
Sap-up apply-power model .
Models .

upe-version-

# information
Modelling Database
[IMDBY

RYL Discoit

Store as object [power notworks were

E could be accessed
using apt's
[his] in accessible ?