2024

Ibhuku Lomsebenzi WesiZulu

Igama lomfundi: _________________________________

Ms Nkosi

The Wykeham collegiate |

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Table of Contents
1. HOW TO USE A ZULU DICTIONARY.................................................................................3
2. UMZIMBA - The identifying copula..................................................................................4
3. KEY TO INSTRUCTIONS IN ZULU.....................................................................................5
4. AMAGAMA AYIMIBUZO (Questions)................................................................................5
5. UKUBUZA INDLELA (Asking for directions)..................................................................6
6. UKUBALA (Counting)...........................................................................................................7
7. IZINYANGA ZONYAKA.........................................................................................................7
8. Ukubingelela - Greetings....................................................................................................8
9. UKWAKHA IMIBUZO ISUKA EZITATIMENDENI................................................................10
10. FORMULATING QUESTIONS FROM STATEMENTS.........................................................10
11. AMABIZO (Nouns)...........................................................................................................17
11.1 Liyini ibizo?......................................................................................................................17
11.2 AMABIZOMUNTU............................................................................................................20
11.3 AMABIZONTO..................................................................................................................21
11.4 Amabizo Athathelwa Kwezinye Izilimi - Amabizomfakelwa..................................22
11.5 Amabizongxube..............................................................................................................22
11.6 Amabizoqoqa...................................................................................................................23
12. IZAKHI ZEBIZO................................................................................................................28
13. Isivumelwano Senhloko (Subject Concord).............................................................33
13.3 ISIVUMELWANO SIKAMENZIWA (Object Concord)...............................................37
14. ISABIZWANA SOQOBO.................................................................................................39
15. ISABIZWANA SOKUKHOMBA (DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS).........................42
16. ISABIZWANA SOKUBALA.............................................................................................45
17. ISICHASISO - Descriptive Words...............................................................................46
18. ISIPHAWULO....................................................................................................................48
19. IZENZO - Verbs................................................................................................................52
20. IZINDLELA ZESENZO.....................................................................................................55
21. IZINKATHI ZESENZO (tenses)......................................................................................62
22. IZIMPAMBOSI ZESENZO – Verbal Extensions.........................................................72
23. ONDAWENI – Locatives.................................................................................................76
24. Izinciphiso (Dimunitives)...............................................................................................80
25. IZIKHULISO.......................................................................................................................84
26. UKUFINGQA - Summary Writing................................................................................86
27. Izimpawu Zokuloba.........................................................................................................88

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 28. AMAGAMA APHIKISANAYO.........................................................................................91
29. Imibhalo Yokuziqambela (Creative Writing)..............................................................92
30. IZINKONDLO....................................................................................................................99
31. IZIFINYEZO – Abbreviations.......................................................................................116
32. Iphepha Elidala..............................................................................................................117
33. UKUFINGQA (SUMMARY WRITING).........................................................................123
34. Ukufunda Indaba...........................................................................................................128
35. Ukuhluzwa Kwemibhalo..............................................................................................134
36. IZITHAKAZELO..............................................................................................................136
37. IZAGA (Proverbs)..........................................................................................................137
38. IZISHO (Idioms).............................................................................................................141
39. OMABIZWAFANE (Homonyms).................................................................................146
40. OMQONDOFANA (Synonyms)....................................................................................147

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 1. HOW TO USE A ZULU DICTIONARY
As you will realise by now, Zulu is a language that consists of different
morphemes/formatives that are strung together to form words, e.g.

aba- + -ntu > abantu

ba- + -ya- + -sebenza > bayasebenza

To be able to look up the meaning of the morpheme it is thus extremely important

that you recognise the different morphemes, i.e., know where the one ends and
where the next one begins. In the case of nouns, it is important that you know the
class prefix of each noun class so that you know where to separate the prefix and
the noun stem. In the case of our first example above, you should know that aba- is
the class prefix and that -ntu is the stem, the meanings of which you will find under
the entries of A and N respectively. Remember that the stem, in this case the noun
stem -ntu, contains the basic meaning of the word, in this case 'human'. In the case
of bayasebenza, for instance, you should know that the word is divided into ba-, -ya-
and -sebenza, the meanings of which you will find under B, Y and S respectively.
Remember that the stem, in this case the verbal stem -sebenza, contains the basic
meaning of the word, in this case 'to work'. You must note that in the dictionary that
you use, the nasal is regarded as part of the stem with nouns from classes 9 and 10.

The stem of the word inja (dog) is found under the entry -nja and not under -ja as it
is entered in other dictionaries. The same applies to imbali (flower) of which the stem
is found under the entry -mbali. The meaning of words which are neither found in this
Guide nor the prescribed book Say it in Zulu, should be looked up in the dictionary.

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 2. UMZIMBA - The identifying copula

Let us have a look at the names of the

different body parts in Zulu.

Umzimba (The body)

ikhanda (head)

izinwele (hair)

iso/ihlo - amehlo (eye/eyes)

indlebe - izindlebe (ear/ears)

ikhala (nose)

umlomo (mouth)

izinyo - amazinyo (tooth teeth)

ihlombe - amahlombe (shoulder shoulders)

isifuba (chest)

umkhono - imikhono (arm arms)

isandla - izandla (hand hands)

isisu (stomach)

iqolo (lower back)

umlenze - imilenze (leg legs)

idolo - amadolo (knee knees)

unyawo - izinyawo (foot feet)

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 3. KEY TO INSTRUCTIONS IN ZULU
ISIZULU ISINGISI
Funda la magama Read these words
Humusha ngesiZulu Translate into Zulu
Bhala ngesiNgisi Write in English
Bheka lawa magama Look at these words
Funda le ngxoxo Read this dialogue
Gcwalisa izikhala Fill in the spaces
Ngendlela efanele In the correct way
Bhala uhhafu wekhasi Write half a page
Phendula imibuzo elandelayo Answer the following questions
Phendula ngokuthi YEBO noma CHA Answer using YES or NO (true or false)
Nika ubuningi Give the plural
Nika ubunye Give the singular
Bhala indatshana ngalesi sihloko esilandelayo Answer the questions in full sentences
Qhathanisa Match
Phendula imibuzo ngemisho egcwele Answer the questions in full sentences
Khetha impendulo elungile Choose the correct answer
Bhala ngenkathi edlule Write in the past tense
Bhala ngenkathi ezayo Write in the future tense
Qedela le misho Complete the sentences

4. AMAGAMA AYIMIBUZO (Questions)

ISIZULU ISINGISI
Yini? Why?
Yini le? What is this?
-phi? / kuphi? Which one? / where?
-ni? What?
Nini? When?
-ngaki? How many?
-njani? How?
Kanjani? In what manner?
Ubani? Who?
Nobani? Whom?
Ngani? What?

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ISIZULU HAS FIVE VOWELS:-

a e i o u

u a e o oo

5. UKUBUZA INDLELA (Asking for directions)

1. iMpumalanga -East eMpumalanga - to the East

2. iNtshanalanga - West eNtshonalanga - to the West
3. iNingizimu - South eNingizimu - to the South
4. iNyakatho - North eNyakatho - to the North
5. kwesokudla - to the right
6. kwesokunxele - to the left
7. phezulu - up, above
8. phansi - down, below
9. Ilanga liphuma eMpumalanga - the sun rises in the East
10. Ilanga lishona eNtshonalanga - the sun sets in the West
11. Uxolo ngicela ukubuza? - excuse me. May I ask?
12. Ikuphi erenki yamabhasi? - Where is the bus rank?
13. Ilaphaya. - It’s over there.
14. Hamba uqonde. - go straight
15. Ujike kwesokudla - turn to the left
16. Uzoyibona - you’ll see
17. Ngiyabonga - thank you
18. Usudukile - you are lost
19. Ngaphakathi - inside
20. Ngaphandle - outside
21. Eduze - near
22. Kude - far
23. Phindela emuva - go back

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 6. UKUBALA (Counting)
1. –nye / -dwa -11 ishumi nanye
2. –bili -12 ishumi nambili
3. –thathu -13 ishumi nantathu
4. –ne -14 ishumi nane
5. Isihlanu -15 ishumi nanhlanu
6. Isithupha -16 ishumi nesithupha
7. Isikhombisa -17 ishumi nesikhombisa
8. Isishiyagalombili -18 ishumi nesishiyagalombili
9. Isishiyagalolunye -19 ishumi nesishiyagalolunye
10. Ishumi -20 amashumi amabili
-100 ikhulu -1000 inkulungwane -1000000 isigidi (a million)

7. IZINYANGA ZONYAKA

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 8. Ukubingelela - Greetings

Hello! (to one person) - Sawubona!

Hello! (to more than one person) - Sanibonani!

How are you? (to one person) - Unjani?

How are you? (to more than one person) - Ninjani?

I am well. - Ngikhona, ngiyaphila.

We are well. - Sikhona, siyaphila.

Goodbye! Stay well! (to one person) - Sala kahle!

Goodbye! Go well! (to one person) - Hamba kahle!

Goodbye! Stay well! (to more than one person) - Salani kahle!

Goodbye! Go well! (to more than one person) - Hambani kahle!

Good night! - Ulale kahle/ ulale kamnandi!

See you soon. - Siyobonana masinyane.

See you later. -Siyobonana emva kwesikhashana.

Izilokotho - Courtesies

Thank you. - Ngiyabonga.

Thank you very much. - Ngiyabonga kakhulu/ ngibonga kakhulu.

Please. - Ngicela ...

You are welcome. - Kubonga mina.

Excuse me. - Uxolo.

Excuse me, what did you say? - Uxolo, utheni?

It doesn't matter. - Akunandaba

Sorry, excuse me. - Ngiyaxolisa, uxolo.

It's my pleasure. - Kubonga mina.

Yes. - Yebo.

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No. - Cha/Qha.

I don’t know. - Angazi.

I don’t understand. - Angiqondi.

Please repeat. - Ngicela uphinde.

Please talk slower. - Ngicela ukhulume kancane.

Repeat slowly. - Phinda kancane.

Will you please write it down. - Ngicela ukubhale phansi.

Okunye

Ukubingelela - Greeting:

The most important and effective way to reach out to a person is to greet him/her in
his/her own language. In true Zulu tradition greeting is a very important procedure. It
is a structured encounter, and it is considered ill-mannered not to greet either a
friend or a stranger in passing. One should always greet. Ubuntu (humanity towards
others) plays a prominent role in the African culture. It is therefore not sufficient to
merely say “Sawubona!” You should also take the time to enquire about the other
person’s well-being: “Unjani?”

Greeting one person in the plural form is an indication of respect as well as inquiring
about the person’s family members. In Zulu the greeting always stays the same
whether it is morning, noon, or night.

Ubani obingelela kuqala? - Who greets first?

Normally, the person who arrives somewhere is supposed to greet those present first
but according to Zulu custom the junior person should greet the senior person first.
Should it happen that two people arrive at the same place simultaneously, e.g., if
they meet in town, it does not matter who greets first.

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 9. UKWAKHA IMIBUZO ISUKA EZITATIMENDENI

FORMULATING QUESTIONS FROM STATEMENTS.

Masibheke amagama okubuza alandelayo, ukuze sikwazi ukwakha imbuzo
yethu emihle. Let us look at the following QUESTIONING WORDS to formulate good
questions.

(a) Ngubani/who- the answer to this question will always be a person.

• Ngubani igama likamama wakho?
• Ungubani igama lakho?

To answer the following questions, you must start your answer with the second word.
Never ever include the questioning word in your answer.
• Igama likamama wami nguNomusa.
• Igama lami nginguJabulani.

Qaphela loku:
• you always put 'ngu' before the name of the person. NguNomusa.
• If the question is referred to the second person, he/she must always start with
'ngingu' in his/her response as a first person when answering the question.
NginguJabulani

(b) Kuphi/where? -The answer to this question must always be a place/ position.
 Uhlala kuphi Jabulani/ were do you stay Jabulani?
 Uhlalaphi Jabulani? - or you simply add 'phi' at the end of the verb.

Uhlala kuphi uJabulani? /Where does Jabulani stay? -this question is referring to the
third person (Jabulani) we are talking about him not to him.
Your response would be: Ngihlala edolobheni. / I stay in town- responding as a first
person. UJabulani uhlala edolobheni/ jabulani stays in town.

(c) Nini/when? -The answer to this question is time, anything that has
something to do with time: time of the watch, time of the day,
months, year, seasons of the year/ occasion/moment

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  Umama wakho ufike nini? When did your mother arrived.
 Ufike nini umama wakho?

Your response would be: Umama wami ufike izolo ebusuku. (Please note: wakho
becomes wami in the response)

(d) Nobani/with whom? - you see 'bani' you must know that the response is a
person.
 UJabulani uhlala nobani edolobheni?/ Who does Jabulani stays with in town?
 UJabulani uhlala nobaba wakhe edolobheni./ Jabulani stays with his father
in town. Please note again: the response to 'bani' is always a person.

(e) Kanjani? / How- the response to this question would an explanation of

how something happened or happens/manner/ way/ form
 UJabulani ulicula kanjani iculo? / How does Jabulani sings the song?

The response could be any of the following:

kahle/nicely or well
kamnandi /nicely/well
kabi /badly
kakhulu /loudly
kancane /softly
kancane /slowly
ngokushesha /fast
ngokuphuthuma /hasty njll.
 UJabulani ulicula kamnandi iculo. / Jabulani sings the song very nicely.

(f) Ngaki/how many? - the response to this question would a number.

 Bangaki abantwana bakubo kaJabulani/ How many children at Jabulani's
home?
 Bathathu abantwana kubo kaJabulani. There are three children at Jabulani's
home. Abantwana bathathu kubo kaJabulani

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 (g) Ini/ni/what? -the response would an occurance/incident. You always put a
suffix 'ni' at the end of the verb.
 UJabulani ufunani edolobheni/ what does Jabulani wants in town?
 UJabulani ufuna ini edolobheni?
 Ngizokubina nini?/ When can I see you?
 UJabulani ufuna amatekisi edolobheni/ Jabulani is looks for taxis in town
 Uzongibona ntambama. Uzongibona uma sengibuya esikoleni

(h) phi/ which? - the answer to this question would a description of a person or
something/ choice/ alternative.
 Yimuphi umuntu ofunayo/ which person do you want? / Ufuna muphi umuntu?
 Yiziphi izingane ozifunayo/ which children do you want? / Ufuna ziphi
izingane?

Qaphela: if you open your question with the questioning word, you must always start
with 'yi' or 'ngu' umuntu- ngumuphi? indoda- iyiphi?
 Yiziphi / yibaphi / yikuphi / yisiphi? The rule would be yi followed by concord
and 'phi’.
 Izingane zi-yiziphi? Abantu-yibaphi? Ukudla-yikuphi? Isikole-yisiphi?

(i) Kabani/whose- response would be possession/belonging. The rule is

concord followed by 'ka' and the person.
 Izicathulo zikabani lezi/ whose shoes are these?
 Izicathulo zikagogo lezi.

(j) Kungobani/ kungani/ why- response would be a reason or an explanation

 Kungobani izingane zicula/ kungani izingane zicula?
 Izingane zicula ngoba zijabulile. / The children are singing because they are
happy.

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UMSEBENZI
Yakha imibuzo yakho emihle ngalezi zitatimende ezilandelayo.
Formulate good questions from the following statements. The answer to your question must be the
word that is written in bold.
Please be careful: you do not include the answer in your question.
Isibonelo: Umama upheka ukudla.
Umama uphekani ukudla? X But it should be: umama uphekani? √

1. Abafana badlala ibhola.

_____________________________________________________________
2. Izinja zihamba nomkhulu.

______________________________________________________________

3. Umalumekazi ufike ekuseni kakhulu.

______________________________________________________________

4. Indoda ishaya abafana ngemvubu.

______________________________________________________________

5. Intombazane ilidlala kahle ibhola.

______________________________________________________________

6. Mina ngihlala nomama wami eThekwini.

______________________________________________________________

7. Ubaba wami usebenza eGoli ezimayini.

______________________________________________________________

8. Lezi yizincwadi zikaJabulani.

______________________________________________________________

9. Ngicela ungipholishele izicathulo zami ezimnyama.

______________________________________________________________

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 10. Umama upheka ukudla ngoba abantwana balambile.

______________________________________________________________

UMSEBENZI

Guqula le mibuzo ibe yizitatimende/ change the following questions into statements.

1. Umama uhlala kuphi?

______________________________________________________________

2. UThemba uthandana nobani?

______________________________________________________________

3. Umama uphethe isikhwama esinjani?

______________________________________________________________

4. UNomusa ubhala ngesidla esinjani?

______________________________________________________________

5. Amadoda ahambe nini?

______________________________________________________________

6. Ngubani ontshontshe imali yami?

______________________________________________________________

7. Amaphoyisa afuna muphi umfana?

______________________________________________________________

8. Kungani umama eya esibhedlela?

______________________________________________________________

9. Zingaki izinkomo esibayeni sikaDlamini?

______________________________________________________________

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 10. Umntwana wesikole ubhalani?

______________________________________________________________

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 10. ISIQEPHU SESIBILI Izingcezu Zenkulumo

(ENGLISH)
UHLOBO LOCEZU UCEZU NGESINGISI ISIBONELO
1. IBIZO 1.1 Usobizo Nominal Umuntu, isihlahla,
eGoli,
1.2 Isabizwana soqobo Pronoun Yena, lona, sona
1.3 Isabizwana Demonstrative Lo, lapho, lesiya
sokukhomba
1.4 Isabizwana senani Enumerative Muphi, siphi, kuphi,
Kubili, kuhlanu
2. ISICHASISO 2.1 Isiphawulo Adjective -hle, -bi, -dala, -
khulu,njll.
2.2 Isibaluli Relative Oku-, o-, olu-, e-, njll
2.3 Ongumnini Possessive Wami, yami, bami
2.4 Inani Quantitative -phi, -ni, -mbe
3. ISILANDISO 3.1 Isenzo The verb
3.2 Isibanjalo Identificative Ngumfana, wumuthi
4. ISANDISO 4.1 Esikhomba Adverb of time Nini?
isikhathi When?
4.2 Esikhomba indawo Adverb of place Kuphi?
Where?
4.3 Esikhomba isimo Adverb of manner Kakhulu, kanjani?
How?
5. ISENZUKUTHI Idiophones Qwa, bhuqe, ja, cwe
6. ISIBABAZO Exclamation Ha! Hhayi! Washa!
7. ISIHLANGANIS Conjunction Kodwa, futhi, uma,
O

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 11.AMABIZO (Nouns)

11.1 Liyini ibizo?

Igama lento ephathekayo nengaphatheki (concrete and abstract). Ibizo lakheke

ngesiqalo nesiqu. Isiqalo sidala ukuba lehlukaniseke ngokwezigaba ngoba
linokufana okuthile ngokwakheka (qualities in common). Ibizo lingasebenza umsebenzi
wokuba inhloko noma loko okungaphatheka enkulumeni. Amabizo ahlukene
ngezinhlobo eziningi. Ahlukene kanje:

o Amabizoqho (proper nouns) - uMkhize, uThulani

o Amabizomvama (common nouns) - ingane, isinkwa, indlu
o Amabizonto (impersonal nouns) - inkulumo, iphaphu
o Amabizomuntu (personal nouns) - umdlali, umshayeli
o Amabizosimo (abstract nouns) - uthando, inzondo
o Amabizoqoqa (collective nouns) - isihluthu, izithelo
o Amabizongxube (compound nouns) - umtholampilo, isiphosethu
o Amabizomfakela (borrowed nouns) - isitolo, itafula, imoto

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Amabizoqho (Amagama abantu nezibongo)
Sisusa kuphela unkamisa osekuqaleni webizo bese siqalisa ngesiqalo sesigaba la.
Isibonelo: uthuli (isigaba 11) – (ulu-) = uLuthuli
iziNtuli (isigaba 10) – (iziN-) = uNtuli
Amanye singawakha ngokuqalisa kuphela ngo- (u-).
Kanje: zama – uZama
zuma – uZuma
Amanye futhi siwaqalisa ngesiqalo sesigaba la. La mabizoqho athathelwa
kumabizomuntu akhiwe ngezenzo.
Kanje:
ISENZO IBIZOMUNTU IBIZOQHO
Khwela um- khweli uMkhweli
Thatha um- thathi uMthathi

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Lawa angamagama abafana. Wona siwakha ngokujobelela isiqalo sesigaba
kumabizonto athathelwe ezenzweni.
Kanje:
 Indaba – uNdaba
 Impande – uMpande
 Izintuli – uNtuli
 Dumisa – uNdumiso
 Busa – uMbuso
 Busani - uBusani

Bhala awakho amabizoqho uwasusela kula magama alandelayo.

(a) Cela ______________________________
(b) Jabulani ______________________________
(c) Goqa ______________________________
(d) Senga ______________________________
(e) Funani ______________________________
(f) Khanyisa ______________________________
(g) Bona ______________________________
(h) Chitha ______________________________
(i) Zuma ______________________________
(j) Hlatshwa ______________________________

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11.2 AMABIZOMUNTU

Kula mabizo sisusa unkamisa osekugcineni bese sijobelela unkamisa –i. Ekuqaleni
siqalisa ngesivumelwano esivumelanayo.
Kanje: umkhandi um/khand/i isijobelelo
isiqalo
umsuka

(a) Fuya(1) - umfuyi

(b) Chwensa(7) - isichwensi
(c) Hleba(9) - inhlebi
(d) Delela(7) - isedeleli
(e) Thwasa (5) - ithwasa
(f) Kholwa (5) - ikholwa
(g) Ona (1) - umoni
(h) Ona (7) - isoni
(i) Khuluma (7) - isikhulumi
(j) Dlala (1) - umdlali

Yakha awakho amabizomuntu usebenzise la magama alandelayo.

(a) Khehla (9) _________________________
(b) Bonga (1) _________________________
(c) Khanda (1) _________________________
(d) Bhinca (5) _________________________
(e) Thuma (7) _________________________
(f) Thanda (7) _________________________
(g) Khohlwa (7) _________________________
(h) Enza (1) _________________________
(i) Thuma (7) _________________________
(j) Mpimpa (9) _________________________

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11.3 AMABIZONTO

Lapho sakha amabizonto sisusa unkamisa osekugcineni sijobelele unkamisa -o,

bese siqalisa ngesiqalo esilungelana kahle. Isiqalo sala mabizo yisiqalo nomsuka
nesijobelelo.
Isibonelo: -thunga - um/thung/o

 Busa - umbuso(3)
 Vova - ivovo(5)
 Phuza - uphuzo(11)
 Buza - umbuzo(3)

Yakha amabizonto uwasusela kula magama angezansi.

(a) Landa(3) ___________________________________
(b) Lumba(5) ___________________________________
(c) Thela(9) ___________________________________
(d) Zika(9) ___________________________________
(e) Themba(5) ___________________________________
(f) Thanda(11) ___________________________________
(g) Bonga(7) ___________________________________
(h) Khuluma(9) ___________________________________
(i) Khala(7) ___________________________________
(j) Fisa(7) ___________________________________
(k) Phezulu(3) ___________________________________
(l) Phakathi(3) ___________________________________
(m) Kubo(5) ___________________________________

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11.4 Amabizo Athathelwa Kwezinye Izilimi - Amabizomfakelwa

Ziningi izinto zesimanje ezibizwa ngamagama esiLungu kodwa angekho olimini

lwesiZulu. Ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe (technology), ukudla okunhlobonhlobo
kanye nezinye izinto ezintsha zinamagama esiwatolika bukhoma (direct). Nazi
izibonelo zala magama:

 Inalithi - naald(9) - isiBhunu

 Iketanga - ketting(5) - isiBhunu
 Umentshisi - matches(1a) - isiNgisi
 Umshini - machine(3) - isiNgisi
 Isitolo - store(7) - isiNgisi

La mabizo alandelayo athathelwe kumaphi amagama ezinye izilimi?

(a) Inkantolo(9) ____________________________________________
(b) Imfaduko(9) ____________________________________________
(c) Itafula(5) ____________________________________________
(d) Ummese(3) ____________________________________________
(e) Isobho(5) ____________________________________________
(f) Inkomponi(9) ____________________________________________
(g) Ibhaluni(5) ____________________________________________
(h) Iphepha(5) ____________________________________________
(i) Ifasitela(5) ____________________________________________
(j) Ikhompyutha (5) ____________________________________________

Ezinye Izinhlobo Zamabizo

11.5 Amabizongxube

Lolu hlobo lwamabizo lwakheka ngokuhlanganisa izingcezu zenkulumo.

Kuhlanganiswa izingcezu ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ukuze kuphume igama elilodwa.
Nasi isibonelo:

 Ibizo (intombi) + isabizwana (enhle) = uNtombenhle

 Ibizo (umfana) + isihlanganiso (futhi) = uMfanafuthi
 Isenzo (thola) + ibizo (impilo) = umtholampilo

23
Sebenzisa la magama alandelayo ukwakha awakho amabizongxube.
[umnini, ikhanda, umuzi, khulu, izwe, phuma, kazi, langa, iso, tapa, izwe, ulwazi]
Kanje: amanzi + amtoti = amanzimtoti
(a) _________________________________________
(b) _________________________________________
(c) _________________________________________
(d) _________________________________________
(e) _________________________________________
(f) _________________________________________

11.6 Amabizoqoqa

Olunye uhlobo lwamabizo olusho izinto eziningi ezindawonye.

Isibonelo: Izinkomo eziningi ndawonye sithi umhlambi.
Amadoda ahleli ndawonye sithi ibandla.
Bhala amagama angamabizoqoqa alezi zinto ezilandelayo:
[isivivane, umthala, izilwane, izitsha, isihluthu, ihlathi]
(a) Ibhubesi, imfene, ingwe, inkawu ___________________
(b) Izinwene ezinkulu ezingalukiwe ___________________
(c) Izihlahla, utshani nezitshalo ndawonye. ___________________
(d) Amatshe abekwe ndawonye amaningi ___________________
(e) Izinkanyezi eziqoqene ndawonye. ___________________
(f) Abantu abaningi ndawonye. ___________________

Shono ukuthi la mabizo alandelayo ayiziphi izinhlobo zamabizo.

IBIZO INHLOBO YEBIZO

Isilwane
Iphephabhuku
Isibhakabhaka
Ihhashi

24
 Inzondo
Umbhali
Umculo
uThabani
Izithelo
Inkukhu
Udokotela
Umsizi
Imagazini
Umhlaba
Unembeza
Umona
uMaZondi
Umtholampilo
Uthayi
Izikhali
Ifasitela
Impelasonto
Utshani
Umnotho
Uvalo
Umdayisi
uSeptember
Uzifozonke
Imbuzi
Umabonakude

Shintsha izenzo ezilandelayo zibe amabizonto.

1. Zonda (9)
2. Khumbula (9)
3. Bhala (3)
4. Qasha (7)
5. Khuleka (3)
6. Cabanga (3)

25
 7. Fuya (9)
8. Dumaza (9)
9. Fihla (9)
10. Phila (9)
11. thenga (9) intengo intengo kaphethiloli isikhuphuke kakhulu.

Shintsha izenzo ezilandelayo zibe amabizomuntu.

1. Shayela (1) umshayeli Lo mshayeli wetekisi akahloniphi.
2. Lalela (1)
3. Khanda (1)
4. Bheka (1)
5. Lima (1)
6. Sola (1)
7. thuma (7)
8. Qeqesha (1)
9. Akha (1)
10. Vakasha (7)

Bhala igama elilodwa elisho lokhu:

1. (Ikati; inja; ihhashi; imbuzi) izilwane
2. (Ummese; isibhamu; umkhonto; isagila) _________________________________
3. (Iwolintshi; i-apula; ubhanana; ipentshisi) ________________________________
4. (Iklabishi, izaqadi, amazambane; ithanga) _______________________________
5. (Ingculaza; iphenyane; umdlavuza; iphika) _______________________________
6. (INgilandi; iFransi; iChina; iKenya; iMali) _________________________________
7. (iBona; iDrum; i-True Love; iDestiny, i-You) _______________________________
8. (mnyama; nsundu, phuzi, bomvu, mhlophe) ______________________________
9. (ithenisi, ibhola lezinyawo, ukubhukuda, iragbhi) ____________________________
10. (uMsombuluko; uLwesine; uLwesithathu) _________________________________

26
 Ukwandisa ulwazi

Sebenzisa lezi zenzo ezilandelayo ukwakha

amagama abantu.
1. Dumisa ……………………………… ……………………………………
2. Bonisa ………………………………. ……………………………………
3. Busisa ………………………………. ……………………………………
4. Zama ………………………………… ……………………………………
5. Bonga ………………………………. …………………………………...

Ngumuntu onjani obizwa nge:

[onamandla, olungile, oyixoki, ozenzisayo, ohamba nesimo ukuthi sinjani, ozazisayo/
qhenyayo, ongazi lutho/ bhayizayo, ongakwazi ukudlala ibhola]

1. iPigogo
2. iNyoni
3. iNkomo
4. uNwabu
5. iMbulu
6. iNyoka
7. iMvu
8. iNdlovu
9. iBhubesi

27
ISIQEPHU SESITHATHU
11. Lakheka kanjani ibizo?
Ibizo lihlukene kabili. Kukhona isiqalo sebizo (noun prefix) kanye nesiqu sebizo
(noun stem).

ISIGABA ISIQALO ISIQU IBIZO

1 Umu- -ntu Umuntu (human being)
7 Isi- -cabha Isicabha (door)
9 im- -mpendulo impendulo (answer)

Izigaba zamabizo zinobunye nobuningi ngaphandle kwezigaba 14 no 15. Iziqalo

zamabizo zihlukanisa amabizo ngobunjalo bawo. Zisetshenziswa ukwakha amanye
amagama asukela kwezinye izilimu (languages) nezingcezu zenkulumo. Iziqalo
zamabizo zihlukanisa amabizo ngobunye (singular) nobuningi (plural) bawo. Ziyasiza
futhi ukuveza isivumelwano senhloko (subject concord). Ake ubuke leli thebula
elilandelayo ukuthi zilandelana kanjani lezi zigaba:

ISIGABA IBIZO ISIQALO ISIQU NGESINGISI

1 Umuntu Um(u)- -ntu Human being
2 Abantu Aba- -ntu Human beings
1(a) Ubaba u- -baba Father
2(a) Obaba Aba -baba Fathers
3 Umuzi Um(u) -zi House
4 Imizi Imi- -zi Houses
5 Ilitshe i(li)- -tshe Stone

28
 6 Amatshe Ama- -tshe Stones
7 Isitsha Isi- -tsha Dish
8 Izitsha Izi- -tsha Dishes
9 Inkomishi iN- -komishi Cup
10 Izinkomishi/ izimpondo iziN-/iziM- -komishi/ -pondo Cups/ horns
11 Uphondo u(lu)- -phondo Horn
14 Ubuso Ubu- -so Face
15 Ukudla Uku- -dla Food

Hlukanisa la mabizo alandelayo ngesiqalo nesiqu.

(a) Umfana ____________ _______________________

(b) Intombazane ____________ _______________________
(c) Inganekwane ____________ _______________________
(d) Isipoki ____________ _______________________
(e) Umngane ____________ _______________________
(f) Ukuhamba ____________ _______________________
(g) Umshumayeli ____________ _______________________
(h) Ubuciko ____________ _______________________
(i) Upopo ____________ _______________________
(j) Izinja ____________ _______________________

12. IZAKHI ZEBIZO

Kanje: umkhandi um/khand/i
isijobelelo
isiqalo
umsuka
isiqu

Gcwalisa leli thebula elilandelayo uhlukanise amabizo ngeZAKHI zawo

njengesibonelo esingenhla:

IBIZO ISIGABA ISIQALO ISIQU UMSUKA ISIJOBELELO

Umpheki 1 Um- -pheki -phek- -i
Inkantolo
Umsindo 3 Um- -sindo -sind- -o
Ijazi

29
Uhulumeni
Ubuciko
iBhayibheli
Ibhuku
Incwadi
Idayimane
Inkunzimalanga 9 iN- -kunzimalanga -nkunzimalang- -a
Isipiliyoni
Inkomishi
Ubuhlalu
Ukudla
Ukathanda
Inganekwane
Intuthu
Uphaphe
Uphondo

Bhala ubunye noma ubuningi bamabizo alandelayo.

(a) Izimfene _______________________________

(b) Ifasitela _______________________________
(c) Izithuthuthu _______________________________
(d) Inkabi _______________________________
(e) Umphefumulo _______________________________
(f) Ubuhlalu _______________________________
(g) Umgulukudu _______________________________
(h) Ophayinaphu _______________________________
(i) Ubukhwebezane _______________________________
(j) Unwele _______________________________

UMSEBENZI

30
 ii. i.

iii.

iv.

1. Bhala amabizo akulezi zigaba ezilandelayo, wathathe esithombeni:

(a) Isigaba 8 ____________________________________

(b) Isigaba 5 ____________________________________

(c) Isigaba 14 ____________________________________

(d) Isigaba 11 ____________________________________

2. Humusha la mabizo owabhale ngenhla.

(a) _____________________________

(b) _____________________________

(c) _____________________________

(d) _____________________________

31
 3. Bhala amabizo alezi zinto eziqondene nalezi zinombolo:

Bhala igama, ubuningi balo, nesigaba.

IBIZO UBUNINGI ISIGABA

(i) …………………. …………………. ………….

(ii) …………………. …………………. ………….

(iii) …………………. …………………. ………….

(iv) …………………. …………………. ………….

4. Bhala igama eliyibizoqho olithola kulesi sithombe esingenhla.

_____________________________________________________

5. Guqula la magama alandelayo abe ngamabizonto.

Kanje: -dlala - umdlalo

(a) -hamba ______________________________

(b) -khuluma ______________________________

(c) -phila ______________________________

(d) -khala ______________________________

(e) -cula ______________________________

(f) -xoxa ______________________________

(g) -hleka ______________________________

(h) -qhudelana ______________________________

(i) -shada ______________________________

(j) -khazimula ______________________________

32
 6. Guqula la magama alandelayo abe ngamabizomuntu.

Kanje: -cula (1) - umculi

(a) -gijima (7) _______________________________

(b) -khuluma (7) _______________________________

(c) -khunkula (1) _______________________________

(d) -ona (7) _______________________________

(e) -mela (1) _______________________________

(f) -fana (2) _______________________________

(g) -gebenga (7) _______________________________

(h) -kholwa (5) _______________________________

(i) -shumayela (1) _______________________________

(j) -chwensa (7) _______________________________

33
 ISIQEPHU SESINE

13. Isivumelwano Senhloko (Subject Concord)

Umfana Udlala ibhola

Isivumelwano senhloko sivuma ibizo. Isivumelwano sesihloko kufanele ngaso sonke

isikhathi sibe khona, ngaphandle kwendlela engapheli (infinitive mood) kanye nendlela
eyimpoqo (imperative mood). Asikwazi ukuzimela geqe. Isivumelwano senhloko
sisebenzisana nesenzo ukuze sivumelane noma singavumelani nenhloko.
Kanje: Ubaba -shayela imoto. Ubaba ushayela imoto.
Abafundi -bhala isivivinyo. Abafundi babhala isivivinyo.
13.1 Bhala imisho oziqambele yona usebenzisa amabizo owaminikiwe.

NOUN CLASS SUBJECT UMUSHO

(ISIGABA) CONCORD
(IMVUMELWANO)
Class 1 um(u)- Umuntu u- Umpheki upheka ukudla.
Class 2 aba- Abantu Ba-
Class 1a u- Umalume u-
Class 2a o- Omalume Ba-
Class 3 um(u)- Umuzi u-
Class 4 imi- Imizi i-
Class 5 i(li)- Ilizwi li-
Class 6 ama- Amazwi a-
Class 7 isi- Isizwe Si-
Class 8 izi-Izizwe Zi-
Class 9 in-/im- Inkunzi i-
Class 10 izin-/izim Izimpi Zi-
Class 11 u(lu)- Uluthi Lu-
Class 14 ubu- Ubuhle Bu-
Class 15 uku- Ukudla Ku-

SUBJECT CONCORDS OF THE FIRST AND SECOND PERSON

1ST person singular Ngi-/I Mina ngifunda incwadi.

1st person plural Si-/We Thina sidansela iculo.
2nd p u-/you Wena ubhala kahle.
erson singular
2nd person plural Ni-/you Nina nibanga umsindo.

34
Gcwalisa izikhala ngezivumelwano ezifanele:
Nika ubuningi bale misho elandelayo ushintshe nezivumelwano zenhloko
njengoba ukhonjisiwe.
Isibonelo: Umama uthenga isinkwa - Omama bathenga izinkwa
(a) UNozipho uthenga i-apula.
_________________________________________________________________
(b) Inja iyakhonkotha.
_______________________________________________________________
(c) Umkhumbi uthwala umthwalo.
_________________________________________________________________
(d) Ubisi luphelile.
_________________________________________________________________
(e) Umkhulu ugibela isitimela.
_________________________________________________________________
(f) Ngithanda inja nekati.
_________________________________________________________________
(g) Umzala usebenza phesheya.
_________________________________________________________________
(h) Umfundisi uya esontweni.
_________________________________________________________________

Mina (a) ____dle izinkalankala? Hhayi bo! Izinkalankala (b)____dliwa kanjani

njengoba zisabeka kangaka nje? Ukudla (c)____phelile yini bakithi sekuphekwa
izilwanyazana. Inyama (d) ____shonephi ezilaheni ezidayisa inkomo nesiklabhu?
Kuthiwa umfana (e)_____phenduka abe yintombazane uma imulumile inkalankala,
uma ilume intombazane yona (g) ____phenduka umfana. Ngiyaqala ukuyibona
epletini lokudla.

Bhala ngesiZulu:
35
a) The man hates snakes.
__________________________________________________

b) The students throw stones.

__________________________________________________

c) The doctor speaks the truth.

__________________________________________________

d) The president rules badly.

__________________________________________________

e) The friend borrows money.

__________________________________________________

f) The cows are dying.

__________________________________________________

g) A thief puts off the light.

__________________________________________________

h) A young man returns.

__________________________________________________

i) The owl kills the rat.

__________________________________________________

j) My mom peels potatoes.

__________________________________________________

13.2 Isivumelwano Senhloko Esiphikayo (Negative Subject Concord)

36
 Noun Class Subject Negative Inkathi Yamanje Inkathi Yamanje
(Isigaba) Concord Subject Eqhubekayo Eqhubekayo
(Imvumelwano) Concord Evumayo Ephikayo
Class 1 um(u)-Umuntu u- Aka- Uyahamba Akahambi
Class 2 aba-Abantu Ba- Aba- Bayahamba Abahambi
Class 1a u-Umalume u- Aka- Uyadla Akadli
Class 2a o-Omalume Ba- Aba- Bayadla Abadli
Class 3 um(u)-Umuzi u- Awu- Uyakhiwa Awakhiwa
Class 4 imi-Imizi i- Ayi- Iyakhiwa Ayakhiwa
Class 5 i(li)-Ilizwi li- Ali- Lihle Alilihle
Class 6 ama-Amazwi a- Awa- Mahle Awamahle
Class 7 isi-Isizwe Si- Asi- Sihle Asisihle
Class 8 izi-Izizwe Zi- Azi- Zinhle Azizinhle
Class 9 in-/im-Inkunzi i- Ayi- Yinhle Ayiyinhle
Class 10 izin-/izim-Izimpi Zi- Azi- Zimbi Azizinhle
Class 11 u(lu)-Uluthi Lu- Alu- Luyahlaba Aluhlabi
Class 14 ubu-Ubuhle Bu- Abu- Buyathandeka Abuthandeki
Class 15 uku-Ukudla Ku- Aku- Kumnandi Akumnandi

1st person singular Ngi-/I Mina ngiya lapho. Angi- Mina angiyi lapho.
1st person plural Si-/We Thina siya lapho Asi- Thina asiyi lapho.
2nd person singular u-/you Wena uyahamba. Awu- Wena awuhambi.
2nd person plural Ni-/you Nina niyahamba. Ani- Nina anihambi

Isivumelwano Isenzo Izakhi Isiqu Isijobelelo Isenzo Incazelo

senhloko SC zokuphika sesenzo esiphikayo yesiNgisi
Verb
u- Ucula Aka- Cul- -i Akaculi He is not singing.

u- Ucula Awu- Cul- -i Awuculi You are not singing.

Ngi- Ngicula Angi- Cul- -i Angiculi I am not singing.

Ba- Bacula Aba- Cul- -i Abaculi They are not

singing.

Si- Sicula Asi Cul- -i Asiculi We are not singing.

Ni- Nicula Ani- Cul- -i Aniculi You all are not

singing.

a- Acula Awa- Cul- -i Awaculi They are not

singing.

i- Icula Ayi- Cul- -i Ayiculi He/she/it is not

singing.

izi- Zicula Azi- Cul- -i Aziculi They are not

singing.

Bu- Buhle Abu- -faka noma -i Abubuhle

iliphi

Ku- Kubi Aku- -faka noma -i Akukubi

iliphi

Gcwalisa lezi zikhala UPHIKISE (negative form). Bhala impendulo kuphela.

Suffix
changes
37 to -i
Kanje: Umfana ____gibela ihhashi. - akagibeli

a) Iphoyisa __dubula isigebengu. ______________________________

b) Umsizi ___gcwalisa imoto. ______________________________

c) Abasebenzi ___gawula izihlahla. ______________________________

d) Abafana ___yaganga. ______________________________

e) Amatshitshi ___gqoka izingubo. ______________________________

f) Isalukazi ___faka imali ebhange. ______________________________

g) Imoto ___yadula. ______________________________

h) Isitimela __zofika ngo-9. ______________________________

i) UVeli ___themba umama wakhe. ______________________________

j) Ogogo ___funa ukuphumula. ______________________________

13.3 ISIVUMELWANO SIKAMENZIWA (Object Concord)

Phendula imibuzo ibe ngevumayo (positive statements) usebenzise izivumelwano
zikamenziwa ezimpendulweni zakho.

Umbuzo (Question): Ingabe intombi ithanda insizwa, na?

Impendulo (Answer): (Positive answer) Yebo, intombi iyayithanda.

Let us break impendulo down:

Yebo – Yes (for a positive statement)

Intombi – The subject of the sentence and it’s a noun beginning with “i-”

Subject Concord (isivumelwano senhloko) - “i-”

Tense (inkathi yamanje eqhubekayo) - “-ya-”

Object Concord (Isivumelwano sikamenziwa) - “-yi-”

Action word (isenzo) - “-thanda”

Bhala lo msebenzi ongezansi bese ukhombisa njengoba ukhonjiswe ngenhla:

1. Ingabe umama ubhaka amakhekhe na?

Khombisa loku:
38
i. Isivumelwano senhloko
ii. Inkathi
iii. Isivumelwano sikamenziwa
 2. Ingabe abafundi babhala isivivinyo na?
3. Ingabe iyajova inja na?
4. Abaculi bayadansa na?
5. Abafana badlala ibhola na?
6. Ingane ithanda ubisi na?
7. Izingane zibanga wona na?
8. Umkhulu uhola yona na?
9. Umama ufuna yona yini?
10. Lo mfana wenza kona yini?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________

ISIQEPHU SESIHLANU

39
 14. ISABIZWANA SOQOBO

Isabizwana silucezu lwenkulumo olusebenza njengebizo. Loku kusho ukuthi

isabizwana singaba ngumenzi (subject) noma sibe ngumenziwa (object) emushweni.
Isabizwana siyakwazi ukusebenzisana nebizo.

(i) Isabizwana siyakwazi ukuba yinhloko yomusho.

Isibonelo: Bona bunemibala emihle. (ubuhlalu)
(ii) Singaba ngumenziwa.
Isibonelo: Abafundi babhala sona. (isivivinyo)
(iii) Isabizwana siyakwazi ukulandelana nebizo.
Isibonelo: Izingane zona ziyadlala.
(iv) Siyakwazi ukulandelana nesinye isabizwana emushweni.
Isibonelo: Lona leli bhola liphantshile.
(v) Singandulela ibizo.
Isibonelo: Yena umfana ukhahlela ibhola.

Sinesakhi esisebenza njengesiqu u –na. Sakheka ngesivumelwano sikamenzi.

Kanjani?
Unkamisa wesivumelwano sebizo uyasuswa: ISIKHATHI = SI + O + -NA = sona
kodwa izabizwana ezingamagama abantu zakheka ngendlela ehlukile: i

i+a = y

u+a=w laba sibabiza ngokuthi bangoSINGANKAMISA.

ISIGAB IBIZO ISIVUMELWANO SOQOBO UMUSHO

A
1 Umuntu u- + -ana Yena Umuntu ubhala incwadi. Yena ubhala incwadi.

2 Abantu ba- + -ana Bona

3 Umuzi u- + -ana Wona
4 Imizi i- + -ana Yona
5 Itshe li- + -ana Lona
6 Amatshe a + -ana Wona
7 Isitsha si- + -ana Sona
8 Izitsha zi- + -ana Zona
9 Inkukhu i- + -ana Yona

40
10 Izinkukhu zi- + -ana Zona
11 Uphondo lu- + -ana Lona
14 Ubuhle bu- + -ana Bona
15 Ukudla ku- + -ana Kona

Esikhundleni sebizo elidwetshelwe sebenzisa isabizwana soqobo.

(a) Umama ubona imvula. _____________________________

(b) Isikole siyathandeka.
(c) Umfundisi ufundisa ePitoli.
(d) UZanele uvula amafasitela.
(e) Udokotela uya emsebenzini ngemoto.
(f) UVusi unisela izitshalo ngamanzi.
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________

Kule misho elandelayo sebenzisa izabizwana zoqobo esikhundleni samabizo abhalwe

ngokugqamile (BOLD).

Isibonelo: Ingane idlala ibhola. Yona idlala ibhola.

1. Ngilalele umsakazo manje. Wona

2. Ngifunda amabhuku esiZulu.

______________________________________________________________

3. Umama upheka ukudla okumnandi.

_______________________________________________________________

4. Ugogo ucula ekhwayeni.

_______________________________________________________________

5. Ukhozi luthathe inkukhu ehhokweni.

_______________________________________________________________

6. Kuvuleke isikhala uma ehamba.

_______________________________________________________________

7. Ngizobhaka isinkwa ekuseni.

_______________________________________________________________

Bhala isabizwana soqobo sala magama abhalwe ngokugqamile.

41
Njalo ngeSonto siyavuka ekhaya siye enkonzweni. Isonto ___________lethu liba
nezinkonzo ezimbili ngosuku. Inkonzo yokuqala ibe sekuseni kakhulu ngehora
lesikhombisa. Ugogo _________wami uthanda ukuya kule nkonzo ngoba ucula
ekhwayeni. Uthi ugogo le nkonzo imnandi kakhulu ngoba basaqhuba ngendlela
yakudala abefundisi babo. Thina sithanda ukuya enkonzweni engena ngehora
lesishiyagalolunye. Le nkonzo igcwala abazali _____________abasebasha kanye
nentsha. Siyacula kakhulu futhi ikhwaya _____________ishaya ugubhu
___________neziginci.

42
 15. ISABIZWANA SOKUKHOMBA (DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS)

Isabizwana sokukhomba naso sisebenza njengezinye izabizwana. Siyakwazi ukumela ibizo emushweni. Umsebenzi waso ukukhomba
ezindaweni ezintathu. Eduze (near), buqamama (further) nakude (far). Isakhi sesabizwana sokukhomba ngu-la- yikho nje uthola ukuthi
zonke lezi zabizwana zinaso lesi sakhi. Buka ithebula elingezansi elikhombisa izabizwana zokukhomba ngokulandelana kwezigaba
zamabizo.
Isigaba Isiqalo Eduze Buqamama Kude (just add –ya)
1 Um(u) la +om = Lo Lowo Lowaya
2 Aba La + aba = Laba Labo Labaya
3 Um(u) La + um = Lo Lowo Lowaya
4 Imi La + imi = Leyo Leyo Leyaya
5 i-(li) La +ili = Leli Lelo Leliya
6 Ama- La + ama = La Lawo Lawaya
7 Isi La + isi = Lesi Leso Lesiya Prefix coalesces
8 Izi La + izi = Lezi Lezo Leziya a+a=a
9 Isi (n)(m) La + In/iM = Le Leyo Leyaya a+e=e
10 Izi (n)(m) La + iziN/iziM = Lezi Lezo Leziya a+i =e
11 U(lu) La + ulu = Lolu Lolo Loluya a+o=o
14 Ubu- La + ubu = Lobu Lobo Lobuya a+u=o
15 Uku- La + uku = Lokhu Lokho lokhuya
st
1 person Ngi- La + a = la Lapho Laphaya
2nd person u- La + a = la/lana Lapho Laphaya

43
Isabizwana sokukhomba (demonstrative pronoun) sizimele sodwa emushweni, asinciki esenzweni. Sikhomba ezindaweni ezintathu.
Isibonelo: Lo muntu uyabhala. - This person is writing.
Bhala le misho ibe ebuningini (plural) uma kwenzeka.
1. Lo mntwana uzohlupheka ngokufunda. _______________________________________________________________

2. Kuleli hlathi kumila ikhowe. _______________________________________________________________

3. Umkhumbi waya ngakuleso siqhingi. _____________________________________________________________________

4. Lesi sithelo sibaba kabi. _______________________________________________________________

5. Lenja iyalumana. _______________________________________________________________

6. Le nhlakanipho iyamangalisa. _______________________________________________________________

7. Lomfazi uthwele ibhakede ekhanda. _______________________________________________________________

8. Le ntombi iziphethe kahle. _______________________________________________________________

44
Humusha le misho kuvele isabizwana sokukhomba.

Isibonelo: this girl is very tall. - Le ntombazane yinde kakhulu.

1. This man is very tall. _______________________________________________________

2. I am going to take that book. _______________________________________________________

3. Catch that cat it stole my milk. _______________________________________________________

4. This prettiness is fascinating. _________________________________________________________________

5. This drinking is becoming a habit. _________________________________________________________________

45
 16. ISABIZWANA SOKUBALA
 Lapha sisebenzisa isivumelwano sebizo sihlangane nesakhi sesabizwana u –o bese
sijobelela esiqwini sesabizwana sokubala. Unkamisa ohambelana nesivumelwano
uyasuswa. Isiqu sesabizwana senani –nke kanye no –dwa
 Ukwakheka kwaso, sisebenzisa isivumelwano sisihlanganise nesakhi sesabizwana u –o
bese sijobelela kwisiqu sesabizwana senani. Unkamisa ohamba nesivumelwano
uyasuswa.
Kanje: ikati – (li + o + dwa = lodwa/only)
Khumbula: i+a=y u + a = w laba sibabiza ngokuthi bangiSINGANKAMISA
ISIGAB IBIZO -dwa -nke
A
1 Umuntu u- Yedwa Wonke Isigaba 1A no 2A zifakwe lapha
2 Abantu ba- Bodwa Bonke
3 Umuzi u- Wodwa Wonke
4 Imizi i- Yodwa Yonke
5 Itshe li- Lodwa Lonke
6 Amatshe a- Wodwa Wonke
7 Isitsha si- Sodwa Sonke
8 Izitsha zi- Zodwa Zonke
9 Inkukhu i- Yodwa Yonke
10 Izinkukhu zi- Zodwa Zonke
11 Uphondo lu- Lodwa Lonke

14 Ubuhle bu- Bodwa Bonke

15 Ukudla ku- Kodwa Konke

1st Mina Ngedwa

2nd Wena Wedwa
3rd Nina Nodwa Nonke
Thina Sodwa Sonke

46
 ISIQEPHU SESITHUPHA

17. ISICHASISO - Descriptive Words

Igama elisebenza kanye nebizo (noun) silichaze liyisichasiso. Sihlukene kaNe.
Kukhona isiphawulo (adjective), isibaluli (relative), inani (enumerative) nongumnini
(possessive).

Nazi izibonelo zesichasiso emushweni:

Umfana omncane ugqoke ihembe lakhe elimhlophe. Msebenzi muni awufundela

enyuvesi?

(i) -omncane - isiphawulo

(ii) -lakhe - ongumnini
(iii) -elimhlophe - isibaluli
(iv) -muni - inani

IBIZO UBUMNINI ISIPHAWULO ISIBALULI INANI

1. Umfana wami omkhulu omnyama muphi Uyasebenza
2. Abafana bami abakhulu abamnyama baphi Bayasebenza
3. Umuthi wakhe omncane oluhlaza muni Uyakhula
4. Imithi yakhe emincane eluhlaza mini Iyakhula
5. Ihhashi lami elikhulu elimhlophe liphi Libalekile
6. Amahhashi Ami amakhulu amhlophe maphi Abalekile
7. Isitsha Sami esincane esinsundu simbe Siphukile
8. Izitsha Zami ezincane ezinsundu zimbe Ziphukile
9. Inja Yami encane emnyama yiphi Ifile
10. Izinja Zami ezincane ezimnyama ziphi Zifile
11. Uthi lwami olude olumnyama luni Lusekameleni
14. Ubuhlalu Bami obuningi obubomvu bunye Buchithekile
15. Ukudla Kwakhe okuningi okumnandi kumbe Kusebhodweni

47
ISIGABA ISAKHI ISIQALO ISIVUMELWANO ISIVUMELWANO ISIVUMELWANO ISIVUMELWANO
SESICHASISO SEBIZO SESIPHAWULO SESIBALULI SOBUMNINI SENANI
Concord Stem
1. a- Um(u)-/u- Om(u)- omkhulu o- omhlophe Wa- wami mu- -phi
2 a- Aba-/o- Aba- abakhulu Aba- abamnyama Ba- wabo ba- -phi
3 a- Um(u)- Om(u) - omkhulu o- obomvu Wa- wami mu- -nye
4 a- Imi- Emi- -emikhulu e- ebomvu Ya- yami mi- -ni
5 a- Ili- Eli- elikhulu Eli- elimnyama La- lami li- -phi
6 a- Ama- Ama- amakhulu a- amnyama a-ami ma- -phi
7 a- Isi- Esi- esihle e- eliqotho Sa- sami si- -mbe
8 a- Izi- Ezi- ezinhle Ezi- eziqotho Za- zami zi- -phi
9 a- iN- eN- encane e- ebomvu Ya- yami yi- -phi
10 a- iziN- eziN- eziNcane Ezi- ezibomvu Za- zami zi- -phi
11 a- Ulu- Olu- olude Olu- olumhlophe Lwa- lwami lu- -mbe
14 a- Ubu- Obu- obuhle Obu- obunsundu Ba- bami bu- -phi
15 a- Uku- Oku- okuningi Oku- okumnandi Kwa- kwami ku- -phi

Ezinye izinguquko ozithola esiphawulweni:

Umuntu omkhulu Inja enkulu N + kh = nk

Amadoda amabili Izintombi ezimbili N + b = mb
Imithi emithathu Izingulube ezintathu N + th = nt

48
Umthetho omusha Ingubo entsha N + sh = ntsh
Isihlahla esihle Ingubo enhle N + hl = nhl

18. ISIPHAWULO

Siyini isiphawulo? – Siyingxenye yesichasiso. Siyigama elichaza usobizo (describes a noun) emshweni. Isiphawulo sakhiwe
yizingxenye ezimbili, isivumelwano nesiqu. Emshweni sisebenza silandele usobizo esimchazayo, kanje:

Umuntu = omusha (new) imoto – entsha - a new car

Umuzi = omuhle (beautiful) ingane – encane - a small baby

Ubuthongo = obumnandi (enjoyable) Inkanyezi – enkulu (kh > nk) - a big star

Adjectives and relatives are the words that qualifies the noun. This means that the adjective explains the nature or function of the
noun in a sentence.

Isibonelo: Ubuso obuhle. A beautiful face.

Indlu enkulu. A big house.

Since the adjectives and relatives have to do with the noun, in isiZulu, it has to assume the prefix of the noun it is describing.

Iziqu zesiphawulo/Adjective stem

-khulu, -ncane, -dala, -sha, -fishane, -de, -ningi, -hle, -bi, -bili, -thathu, -ne, -hlanu, -nye
A. Izivumelwano zesiphawulo

49
 a + prefix=adjective prefix/concord a + ili = eli > Ilitshe (-khulu). Ilitshe elikhulu. (a + i = e)

-dala -fuphi -fishane

-sha -ne -de -bili -ngaki?
Old short short
New/young/fresh four Long/high/tall two How many/much

-fushane -hle -nye -hlanu -thathu

-ningi -bi
short Good/nice/beautiful one five three
Many/much Bad/ugly

50
Bhala izivumelwano zesiphawulo (adjective concords) zamagama aladelayo.
Gcwalisa ngezivumelwano ezifanele

1. Ubaba uthenge imoto _____khulu. enkulu

2. Ubhuti wami ______dala uyasebenza.

3. Ngibone ukudla _____hle.

4. Ubhuti_______bi uyashada.

5. Izingane zihamba ngebhayisiskili ______sha.

6. Ngizosithenga isiketi _____ncane.

7. Omama ______fishane abakuthandi ukugijima.

8. Umama uzithengele izimbali _____dala.

9. Umama ngimlinde isikhathi _______de.

10. U-Anti uthanda ukufunda izincwadi _________ningi.

Bhala imisho ngalezi ziphawulo ezilandelayo

-ncane, -ningi, -hle, -sha, -khulu, fushane, dala

1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________
6. ____________________________________________________________
7. ____________________________________________________________
8. ____________________________________________________________
9. ____________________________________________________________
10. ____________________________________________________________

51
Isiphawulo esiphikayo (negative)

Umthetho 1: Adjective Concord + -nge + subject concord + adjective stem:

Izingane ezinhle. Izingane ezingezinhle

- Ezi + nge + zi + nhle (Esi-, ezi-, eli-, oku-, olu-, obu-, ezi-,)

Umthetho 2: Adjective concord + nge + adjective stem:

Umama omkhulu uyahleka – ongemkhulu

- O + nge + mkhulu (omu-, om-, en-, ama-, emi)

- no subject concord but split the adjective prefix (omu = o…mu)
umuthi omubi (ongemubi)

Phikisa le misho elandelayo

1. Umama uthenge ibhayisikili elisha

________________________________________________ elingelisha
(umthetho 1)

2. Ubhuti wami omdala uyasebenza.

__________________________________________________________
3. Ngibone ubuhlalu obubi
___________________________________________________________
4. Usisi omuhle uyashada.
__________________________________________________________
5. Izingane zihamba ngemoto entsha.
________________________________________________ engentsha
(umthetho 2)

6. Ngizosithenga isiketi esincane.

___________________________________________________________
7. Abantwana abaningi abakuthandi ukugijima.
___________________________________________________________
8. Umama uzithengele izimbali ezinhle.
___________________________________________________________
9. Umama ngimlinde isikhathi eside.
___________________________________________________________
10. UBongiwe uthanda ukufunda izincwadi ezinkulu.
___________________________________________________________

52
ISIQEPHU SESIKHOMBISA

19. IZENZO - Verbs

Isenzo silandisa sisebenzisa izakhi. These are action words (doing words). Umusho
awuphelele ngaphandle kwesenzo. Ukuze isenzo sense umqondo ophelele
emushweni, sivumelana nenhloko ngokuqalisa ngesivumelwano senhloko (subject
concord). Isenzo sikhomba inkathi (tense), izindlela zesenzo (moods),
nezimpambosi (verbal extensions). Isenzo senza umsebenzi wokusitshela
okwenziwa nguSobizo.

Isibonelo: UKhabazela uhlaba izinkukhu ezimbili.

Umama uthethise umfowethu.

Izenzo eziningi zigcina ngonkamisa -a-

Amabizo amaningi asuselwa ezenzweni:
-funda > imfundo

Ezinye izenzo zinohlambu olulodwa

(monosyllabic) – dla (eat), -mba (dig)
Ezinye zinezinhlamvu eziningi (polysyllabic) –
hamba (go), qaphela (be carefull), njll.

IZINHLOBO ZEZENZO (types of verbs)

Izenzo ezivamile (regular verbs)

- Lezi zenzo aziqali ngonkamisa kodwa zigcina ngonkamisa -a.

- Zinezinhlamvu eziningi (polysyllables).
- Lezi zenzo ziyakwazi ukuzimela zodwa emushweni.

53
Nazi izibonelo zawo:

- gijima! (run)/ hambani! (go), culani! (sing)

Izenzo ezimsindo ngamunye

Lezi zenzo zivame ukugcina ngonkamisa -a.

-dla (eat) - Abantwana badla iphalishi.

-pha (give) - Ubaba upha umfowethu imoto.

Izenzo eziqala ngonkamisa

Izenzo eziningi ziqala ngongwaqa (consonant) esiZulwini. Zikhona ezimbalwa (few)

eziqala ngonkamisa (vowel).

-imba (dig) - Ugandaganda umba umgodi.

-enza (do) - Umfana wenza igceke.

Uma lezi zenzo zihlangana nezivumelwano kuba khona onkamisa abalandelanayo.

EsiZulwini akuvumelekile ukuba onkamisa balandelane. Siyaweqa unkamisa noma
balumbane (hlanganisa) kuphume unkamisa omusha.

Isibonelo: Mina ngiesaba ubumnyama. Mina ngesaba ubumnyama.

Usisi uenza itiye. Usisi wenza itiye

Ake ubhale lo msebenzi sibone ukuthi uyawuqonda yini. Zakhele eyakho imisho
njengoba ukhonjisiwe ngenhla.

1. -osa
_________________________________________________________
2. -enza
_________________________________________________________
3. -eba
_________________________________________________________
4. -esaba

54
 _________________________________________________________
5. -imba
_________________________________________________________

Ezinye izenzo azigcini ngo-a kodwa zintathu kuphela.

Yilezi: -thi, -sho, -azi

Zisebenzise emishweni ozakhele yona:

1. -thi ____________________________________________________
2. -sho ____________________________________________________
3. -azi ____________________________________________________

Ezinye izenzo ngezokubolekwa (borrowed)

-oda, -posa, -washa, -sayina, feyila, -phasa, -tadisha, njll.

Zisebenzise emishweni ozakhele yona:

1. -oda _________________________________________________
2. -posa _________________________________________________
3. -washa _________________________________________________
4. -phasa _________________________________________________
5. -tadisha _________________________________________________

55
 ISIQEPHU SESISHIYAGALOMBILI
20. IZINDLELA ZESENZO

 Indlela esabizo (The infinitive mood) – expresses being/ action.

 Indlela ephoqayo noma yokuyalela (Imperative mood)- when it is crucial to do something/
when a writer/ speaker wants someone else to do something. Isibonelo: Hlala phansi!
 Indlela yamandla (Potential mood) – a mood of probability indicating an opinion of a speaker.
Isibonelo: Ungabhala manje uma uthanda.
 Indlela eqondisayo (Indicative mood) – is a verb form you use to make declarative statements
that you assume to be factually accurate. Isibonelo: USipho uyakuthanda ukudla okuphekwe ekhaya.
 Indlela eyamile noma encikile (Subjunctive mood)- expresses wishes / suggestions/ demands
in a sentence. Isibonelo: Uma nginemali ngingakuthengela ibhanoyi.
 Indlela yesimo (Conditional mood) – a mood used to express a proposition whose validity is
dependent on some condition/ possibly counterfactual. Isibonelo: Ngingayithanda inkomoshi yekhofi.

Izenzo ezingazisebenzisi izivumelwano zenhloko

Izenzo ezisabizo

Izibonelo: Kuhle ukuhamba kusakhanya.

Akumnandi neze ukufunda usumdala.

Nazi ezinye izibonelo: ukudlala, ukugijima, ukumaya, ukulala, njll.

Izenzo eziphoqayo

Izibonelo: Sukuma leli vila!

Dlana lokhu kudla ukuqede!

Qaphela

Izenzo eziphoqayo ziyasetshenziswa nezivumelwano zikamenziwa.

56
 Izibonelo: Ibambe inja ingangilumi.

Ziwashisise lezo zingubo.

Siphekisise leso sitambu.

Isule kahle nangaphakathi imoto.

Kanjalo nezenzo ezisabizo ziyasetshenziswa nezivumelwano zikamenziwa.

Izibonelo: - Ubaba uyathanda ukulijimisa ihhashi uma esuthi.

- Ngifisa ukusifundisa isiZulu lapho sengingumfundisi/nguthisha.

- Uhulumeni wethu angakwazi ukubafundisa mahhala bonke abafundi
basemaNyuvesi.
- UThemba akathandi ukuzikamisisa izinwele.

Sakhiwa kanjani isenzo esisabizo esivumayo?

 Isiqalo samabizo esigaba 15 (uku-) + isiqu sesenzo = isenzo esisabizo

ISIBONELO: ukuhamba, ukudlala, ukukhuluma, ukugeza, ukuwasha, ukubhala,
ukubheka ukwazi, njll.

Sakhiwa kanjani isenzo esisabizo esivumayo ezenzweni eziqala ngonkamisa?

Sakhiwa ngokuqalisa ngo uku- esiqwini sesenzo.

 Uma isiqu siqala ngonkamisa a- noma e- kusetshenziswa ukw-.

- azi: uku+azi = ukwazi
- eba: uku+eba = ukweba
 Uma isiqu siqala ngonkamisa o- kusetshenziswa uk- ondla:
- Uku+ondla = ukondla

Sakhiwa kanjani isenzo esisabizo esiphikayo?

Isiqalo samabizo esigaba 15 + isakhi sokuphika nga + umsuka + isakhi sokuphika

-i = isenzo esisabizo

- ukuhamba uku + nga + hamb + i

- ukudlala uku + nga + dlal + i
- ukukhuluma uku + nga + khulum + i
- ukuwasha uku + nga + wash + i

Sakhiwa kanjani isenzo esisabizo esiphikayo ezenzweni eziqala ngonkamisa?

57
Isiqalo samabizo esigaba 15 + isakhi sokuphika nga + umsuka + isakhi
sokuphika -i = isenzo esisabizo

- azi uku + ng(a) + az + i = ukungazi

- eba uku + ng(a) + be + i = ukungebi
- ondla uku + ng(a) + ondl + i = ukungondli

1. Indlela Yamandla (Potential Mood) – when you can do something.

UKUVUMA UKUPHIKA

Ungaphaka manje sengilambile. Ungephake ngoba akekho ozodla.

Bangapheka sidle size sikuphathe. Singepheke uma ugesi ungekho.

 Isenzo esisendleleni yamandla sibonakala ngesakhi u-nga- uma

kuwukuvuma kanye nesakhi u-nge- uma kuwukuphika.

Zakhele eyakho imisho esendleleni yamandla bese uyayiphikisa. Kanje:

Indlela yamandla evumayo Indlela yamandla ephikayo

Intombazana ingahamba namhlanje. Intombazane ingehambe namhlanje.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

58
 10.

2. Indlela ephoqayo noma yokuyalela (Imperative mood)

Izinhloso zalesi sifundo ukuthi kumele nikwazi:

 Ukutomula izenzo ezisendleleni ephoqayo (ezivumayo) kunoma yimuphi

umbhalo.
 Ukutomula izenzo ezisendleleni ephoqayo (eziphikayo) kunoma yimuphi
umbhalo.
 Ukuzakhela imisho ngezenzo ezisendleleni ephoqayo (ezivumayo).
 Ukuzakhela imisho ngezenzo ezisendleleni ephoqayo (eziphikayo).

Izenzo eziphoqayo azinazo izivumelwano zikamenzi. Izibonelo:

 Khuluma kakhulu! - Ungakhulumi kakhulu.

 Finya! - Ungafinyi!
 Bhala usheshe! - Ungabhali usheshe!
 Gijima! - Ungagijimi!
 Shanela! - Ungashaneli!
 Geza entanyeni! - Ungagezi entanyeni!

Izenzo eziphoqayo zinazo izivumelwano zikamenziwa. Izibonelo:

 Ibambe inja ingangilumi!

 Ziwashisise lezo zingubo!
 Siphekisise leso sitambu!
 Isule nangaphakathi imoto!
 Baphakeleni ukudla abantwana!

Izenzo eziphoqayo ezinhlamvumbili ezibhekiswe kumuntu oyedwa Izibonelo:

 Funda! Bhala! Geza! Dlala! Hamba!

Izenzo eziphoqayo ezinhlamvumbili ezibhekiswe kubantu abaningi Izibonelo:

 Fundani! Bhalani! Gezani! Dlalani! Hambani!

59
Ezinhlamvu ntathu:

 Gijima! Khuluma! Goqoza! Khahlela! Khokhoba! Khalisa! Khumula!

Indlela ephoqayo evumayo Indlela ephoqayo ephikayo

Woza la! Ungezi la!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Ezinhlamvumbili
Bhala! Ungabhali!
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Ezinhlamvuntathu
Khamisa! Ungakhamisi
11.
12.
13.
14.
Ezixubile
15. Faka izinkomo esibayeni! Ungafaki izinkomo esibayeni.

60
 16. Gezisisa umhlane!
17. Hambani!
18. Khulekani ngaphambi kokulala!
19. Lala!
20. Xubha kanye ngosuku!
21. Sukuma uma kungena umfundisi!
22. Khala uma ethi awuhambi!

ISIQEPHU SESISHIYAGALOLUNYE

21. IZINKATHI ZESENZO (tenses)

Inkathi yamanje (Present tense)

INKATHI YAMANJE EMFUSHANE INKATHI YAMANJE ENDE

61
 -ya-
Abafundi bafunda Incwadi. Abafundi bayafunda.
Amadoda apheka inyama. Amadoda ayapheka.
Inkosikazi isebenza eThekwini. Inkosikazi iyasebenza.
Umntwana uphuza ujusi. Umntwana uyaphuza.

Inkathi ezayo (Future Tense)

-ya- > -zo-

INKATHI YAMANJE INKATHI EZAYO

UThandi uthenga ubisi. UThandi uzothenga ubisi.
Abafundi bafunda Incwadi. Abafundi bazofunda incwadi.
Ngiyafunda. Ngizofunda.
Abafana bayakhala. Abafana bazokhala.

Inkathi edlule (Past Tense)

INKATHI YAMANJE INKATHI ESANDA KUDLULA

-a- > -e-
UThandi uthenga ubisi. Uthandi uthenge ubisi.
Abafundi bafunda Incwadi. Abafundi bafunde incwadi.
Ngiyafunda namhlanje. Ngifunde izolo.
Abafana badla isapha. Abafana badle isapha.
-a- > -ile-
Umfana uyadla. Umfana udlile.
Ngiyafunda. Ngifundile.

PRESENT VERB REMOTE PAST PRESENT TENSE REMOTE PAST TENSE

VERB PREFIX
u- wa- Umama uyabhala. Umama wabhala.

ba- ba- Abafana bayabhala. Abafana babhala.

i- ya- Intombi iyabhala. Intombi yabhala.

li- la- Ilitshe liyashaya. Ilitshe lashaya.

62
 a- a- Amaqanda ayawa. Amaqanda awa.

si- sa- Isivakashi siyacula. Isivakashi sacula.

zi- za- Izivakashi ziyacula. Izivakashi zacula.

lu- lwa- Ufudu luyadla. Ufudu lwadla.

ku- kwa- Ukwakha kuyathuthuka. Ukwakha kwathuthuka.

UKULANDULA (Negative)

INKATHI YAMANJE UKULANDULA INKATHI YAMANJE

UThandi uthenga ubisi. UThandi akathengi ubisi.
Abafundi bafunda Incwadi. Abafundi abazufunda incwadi.
Ngiyafunda. Angifundi.
-uya- > -awu-
Ubhejane uyagijima. Ubhejane awugijimi.
Umoya uyavunguza. Umoya awuvunguzi.
-iya- > -ayi-
Imithi iyacula. Imithi ayiculi.
Intombazane iyapheka. Intombazane ayipheki.
Prefix starts with –a- (positive, -awa-
(negative

Amadoda alungisa udonga. Amadoda awalungisi udonga.

Amanzi ayageleza. Amanzi awagelezi.

PRONOUNS
Mina ngiyafunda. Mina angifundi
Wena uyafunda. Wena awufundi.
Yena uyafunda. Yena akafundi.
Thina siyafunda. Thina asifundi.
Nina niyafunda. Nina anifundi.
Bona bayafunda. Bona abafundi.

63
 POSITIVE FUTURE TENSE NEGATIVE FUTURE TENSE
INKATHI EZAYO EVUMAYO INKATHI EZAYO EPHIKAYO

Ngizopheka. Angizopheka/angizupheka.
Abantwana bazodlala. Abantwana abazudlala/abantwana abazodlala.
Inja izoluma. Inja ayizoluma/inja ayizuluma.
UThandi uzokhala. UThandi akazokhala/UThandi akazukhala.
Umuntu uzofika. Umuntu akazofika/umuntu akazufika.
Bona bayafunda. Bona abafundi.

POSITIVE IMMEDIATE PAST TENSE NEGATIVE IMMEDIATE PAST TENSE

INKATHI ESANDA KUDLULA EVUMAYO INKATHI ESANDLA KUDLULA EPHIKAYO

Ngipheke inyama. Angiphekile inyama.

USipho ufundile. USipho akafundile.
Intombazane iphekile. Intombazane ayiphekile.
Inja ilumile. Inja ayilumile.

POSITIVE REMOTE PAST TENSE NEGATIVE REMOTE PAST TENSE

INKATHI EYADLULA EKUDE EVUMAYO INKATHI EYADLULA EKUDE EPHIKAYO

Mina ngabhala. Mina angibhalanga.

Nina nabhala. Nina anibhalanga.
Yena wahamba. Yena akahambanga.
Bona bacula. Bona abaculanga.

Izinkathi (Tenses) ziyaqhubeka…

64
  All verbs beginning with a vowel: -AKHA, -ENZA, -OSA, etc.
 Vowels subject concords are U-, I- and A-
 Vowel subject concords change to related semi-vowels (osingankamisa) when
prefixed to a verb stem;
Isibonelo:
u- > w-: USipho wesaba inja (Sipho is afraid of the dog.)
i- > y- : Inja yala ukuphuma emanzini. (The dog refuses to get out of the
water)

 W- and Y- are called related semi-vowels, because of the similarities in the

pronunciation of u- and w- in i- and y-

65
 REMOTE PAST TENSE
SINGULAR PLURAL
1st person ngi + a > nga- 1p. si- + a > sa-
2nd person u + a > wa- 2p. ni- + a > na-
Umu(u): u + a > wa- aba-: ba- + a > ba-
u-: u- + a > wa- o-: ba- + a > ba-
um(u)-: u- + a- > wa- imi-: i- + a- > ya-
i(li)-: li- + a- > la- ama-: a- + a- > a-
isi- si- + a > sa- izi-: zi- + a- > za-
u(lu)-: lu- + a- > lwa- izin-: zi- + a- > za-
ubu-: bu- + a- > ba-
uku-: ku- + a > kwa-

 The past tense –a, which is pronounced as a long vowel, follows the subject
concord to form this tense.
 When two vowels are placed next to each other consonantalization
(ukulwangisa)
Isibonelo: USipho u + a –khala
USipho wakhala (pronounced as waakhala)

Ake ulungise la magama akubakaki uqaphele inkathi yesenzo:

Sinabaculi (ezicula)_______________ kahle lapha eNingizimu Afrika. Umculo wabo

(zizwakala)______________ kamnandi ezindlebeni zabantu abadala, abancane, abakholwayo

nabangakholwa. Zikhona nezingane (elisafunda) ___________________ isikole eziba namathuba

okucula angajwayelekile. Abanye baze ( kuthole)__________________ amathuba okuya naphesheya

kwezilwandle. Inkinga kubona abantu abasha ukuthi basuke bafune ukushiya isikole uma sebebona

imali. Ingakho kubalulekile ukuthi ( libe) ______________ nezimenenja. Abanye abaculi abasebasha

( zangena) _________________ ezidakamizweni uma bengatholanga ukusekelwa imindeni yabo.

66
 UKUPHIKA (Negative)

1. Negative remote past tense is the same as the perfect tense.

2. Prefix the negative morpheme a- to the subject concord.
3. The usual subject concord is used.
4. The following vowel subject concord changes take place in the negative form:

Class Prefix Subject Negative Subject Negative Subject

Concord Concord with Concord with
ordinary verb stems vowel verb stems
um(u)-/u- (Class 1 and 1a, singular) u- -ka- -k-
um(u)- (class 3, singular) u- -wu- -w-
imi- (class 4, plural) i- -yi- -y-
ama- (class 6 plural) a- -wa- -w-
In- (class 5, singular) i- -yi- -y-

Suffix the negative –nga to the verb stem.

Ngabiza uJock > Angibizanga uJock.

Ngesaba inja > Angesabanga inja.

USipho wakhala > USipho akakhalanga.

UJock weba ithawula likaJason > UJock akebanga ithawula likaJason.

Amantombazane emuka. > Amantombazane awemukanga.

67
Umsebenzi Wolimi
1.1 Landela imiyalelo ukuguqula imisho ukuba enkathini efanele bese uphikisa
imisho emisha.

ISIBONELO: Umama ubhaka amakhekhe.

Kusasa umama uzobhaka amakhekhe. (inkathi)
Kusasa umama akazubhaka amakhekhe. (phikisa)
1.1.1 Mina ngibukela umabonakude ekhaya.
Namhlanje ntambama
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
1.1.2 Thina siya esikoleni kahlanu ngesonto.
Ngesonto elizayo thina
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
1.1.3 Nina nifunda isiZulu nogogo esikoleni.
Kusasa nina
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
1.1.4 Bona badlala ibhola lezinyawo ngezimpelasonto.
Ngenyanga ezayo bona
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

68
1.1.5 Abafundi bavakashela eGauteng ngoNhlangulana.
Ngonyaka ozayo abafundi
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
1.1.6 Izikole zethu zithandaza ndawonye.
Ngomhlomunye izikole
________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________
1.1.7 Umndeni uhlangana namadodana ekhaya.
Kusasa umndeni
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
1.1.8 Izimoto zihamaba emgwaqeni ebusuku.
Ngempelasonto elandelayo
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
1.1.9 Ogogo bapheka utshwala nokupheka ukudla.
Ngeviki elizayo
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
1.1.10 Umabonakude ukhombisa imidlalo yesikole emini.
Kusasa
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

69
Lungisa la magama adwetshelwe akhombe ukuphika:
1. Umama uthenga umsakazo omkhulu khona ezodlala umculo wakhe
kamnandi.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Umfundisi webandla ushumayela kahle uma kunezinsimbi.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Umkhwenyana kadadewethu uthanda ukushayela imoto enomsindo.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Umzali wami ufuna abantwana abalalelayo.

…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Umalume uyahlupha uma eshayile ngoba ucula njalo.

70
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………

Phinda ulungise amagama abhalwe ngokugqamile akhombise ukuphika

1. Ngithanda izingoma ezipholile ngoba ziyangisiza uma ngifuna ukucabanga.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Iphimbo likaWhitney lihlaba umxhwele kulowo olilalele.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Abaculi baduma kakhulu kwamanye amazwe ngomculo wabo.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Abantu abadumile eNingizimu Afrika baphila kamnandi.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Izingane ezincane kuleli zwe zithanda ukulingisa abantu baphesheya.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………….........................................................................................

71
ISIQEPHU SESHUMI

22. IZIMPAMBOSI ZESENZO – Verbal Extensions

Verbal extensions are one of the main characteristics of the verb in isiZulu. A verb
may assume different meanings by suffixing a particular verbal extension.
Izimpambosi zishintsha umqondo wesenzo ngokuphongozisa isenzo ngohlobo
oluthile lwempambosi. Nazi izibonelo:

- Pheka (cook) > -phekela (cook for)

- Funda (read) > -fundisa (teach)
- Thanda (love/like) > -thandana (like/love each other)
- Bona (see) > -bonakala (be visible)
- Thenga (buy) > - thengwa be bought)

Impambosi Yokwenziwa (The Passive)

72
Impambosi yokwenziwa yenzeka uma siphongoza (suffix with) ngo -wa noma -iwa
esenzweni. The suffix -iw is used only with verbs that are monosyllabic (have one
syllable), with vowel commencing verbs.

Isibonelo: dla = dliwa Ukudla kudliwa ngabafana

enza= enziwa Umama wenza umsebenzi

Umsebenzi wenziwa ngumama

The suffix –w is used with polysyllabic verbs (verbs that have more than one
syllable).

Izibonelo: thanda= thandwa

Intombazane ithanda umfana.

Umfana uthandwa yintombazane.

When you construct a sentence using a passive derivation you start the sentence
with the object and then you change the subject of the sentence by prefixing either
ng- or y-.

Ng- is prefixed if the subject of the sentence begins with the vowel u,a or o

Ng- is prefixed if the second- and third-person singular pronouns (wena & yena) are
used as the subject of a sentence. (nguyena/ nguwena)

Izibonelo

Umfana ufunda incwadi = Incwadi ifundwa ngumfana.

Abafana bafunda incwadi = Incwadi ifundwa ngabafana.

Ogogo bafunda incwadi = Incwadi ifundwa ngogogo.

Wena ufunda incwadi = Incwadi ifundwa nguwena.

Yena ufunda incwadi = Incwadi ifundwa nguyena.

Y- is prefixed if the subject of the sentence begins with the vowel i-

73
Y- is prefixed if the person pronouns (mina, thina, nina, bona) are used as the
subject of a sentence.

Izibonelo: Intombazane ifunda incwadi = Incwadi ifundwa yintombazana.

Mina ngifunda incwadi = Incwadi ifundwa yimi/yimina.

Thina sifunda incwadi = Incwadi ifundwa yithina.

Bona bafunda incwadi = Incwadi ifundwa yibona.

Nina nifunda incwadi = Incwadi ifundwa yinina.

When you do a passive derivation, you need to do sound changes if the verb has a
bilabial syllable. The bilabial is changed to palatals (olwangeni).

This is called ‘palatalisation’ or ‘ukulwangisa’ because ushintsha ondebembili

(bilabials) babe ngolwangeni (palatal).

m = ny luma = lunywa Ingane ilunywe yinja.

mb = nj bamba = banjwa Izigebengu zibanjwe ngamaphoyisa.
b = tsh hlaba = hlatshwa Umfana uhlatswe yiva.
ph = sh bopha =boshwa Inkomo iboshwa ngamadoda.
bh = j gubha = gujwa Umgodi ugujwa yinja.
mp = ntsh mpompa = mpontshwa Isiguli simpontshwe amanzi esifubeni.
p = tsh kopa = kotshwa

The sound change also happens when your verb is in another verbal extension.

Isibonelo: Ingane ilumisa umama ubanana

Umama ulunyiswa yingane ubanana.

Bhala le misho elandelayo ikhombe impambosi yokwenziwa.

1. Umfana ukhahlela ibhola. Ibhola likhahlelwa ngumfana.

74
________________________________________________________________

2. Abafana badla izithelo zasehlathini.

________________________________________________________________

3. Inja iluma inyama yenkomo. Inyama yenkomo ilunywa yinkomo.

________________________________________________________________

6. Izingane zicula iculo elimnandi. Iculo elimnandi liculwa yizingane.

________________________________________________________________

7. Amaphoyisa abamba isigebengu. Isigebengu sibanjwa ngamaphoyisa.

________________________________________________________________

6. Uthisha umisa imoto ebomvu. Imoto ebomvu imiswa nguthisha.

________________________________________________________________

7. Ingane izwa umsindo. Umsindo uzwiwa yingane.

________________________________________________________________

8. Amadoda amba umgodi.

________________________________________________________________

Qala umusho wakho ngegama elibhalwe ngokugqamile.

1. Izingane zigubha imigodi.

___________________________________________________________
2. Amadoda ahlaba inkomo.
___________________________________________________________
3. Abafundi bacula iculo likaSjava.
___________________________________________________________
4. Umhlengikazi ujova isiguli.
___________________________________________________________
5. Mina ngibhala isivivinyo.
___________________________________________________________

75
 6. Yena ushayela ibhasi.
___________________________________________________________

ISIQEPHU SESHUMI NANYE

23. ONDAWENI – Locatives

Umthetho Wokuqala:

Lo mthetho uqondene namabizo atholakala ezigabeni 1, 2, 1(a) no 2(a). Kulawa

mabizo sishintsha kuphela isiqalo sawo liqale ngo-K- Uma ushintsha amagama
emigwaqo (road) usebenzisa wona lo mthetho wokuqala.

AMABIZO ONDAWENI
Umalume Kumalume (to/from uncle)
ULusanda KuLusanda (to/from Lusanda)
Ubaba Kubaba (to/from dad)
Omalume Komalume (to/from uncles)
UJohannes Nkosi Street KuJohannes Nkosi Street (on/in….)
Ubhanana Kobhanana (to the bananas)

Umthetho Wesibili

76
Lo mthetho usebenza emagameni abantu nawezindawo ezinamagama aqala ngo-u-.
La mabizo siwashintsha bese eqalisa ngo -kwa-
Kanje: UMashu - KwaMashu

 UDabeka - KwaDabeka
 ULong - KwaLong
 UMahlaba - KwaMahlaba
 UCheckers - KwaCheckers

Umthetho Wesithathu

Lo mthetho ngowezindawo: iGoli (eGoli), iKapa (eKapa), iPinetown (ePinetown),

iFilidi eFilidi), UMlaza (eMlaza), njll.
- Izinkathi zonyaka (seasons): ihlobo (ehlobo), ikwindla (ekwindla), intwasahlobo
(entwasahlobo), ubusika (ebusika)
- Izinkombandlela (directions): iMpumalanga (eMpumalanga), iNtshonalanga
(eNtshonalanga), iNyakatho (eNyakatho), iNingizimu (eNingizimu)
- Amabizo akhethekile (special): umnyango (emnyango), isibhedlela
(esibhedlela), ikhanda, ihhovisi, njll.
- Izandiso zenkathi (adverb of time): ubusuku (ebusuku), imini (emini), ikuseni
(ekuseni)
Ukushintsha lamabizo abe ngondaweni, isiqalo siyashitsha sibe ngu-E-

Kanje: ikhaya - ekhaya

iPinetown - ePinetown

ubusuku - ebusuku

Umthetho Wesine

Uma ibizo lingangeni kuzo zonke lezi zigaba zamabizo ezingenhla, sebenzisa
umthetho wesiNe. Amabizo akhethekile angena kulo mthetho ngoba adinga ukuthi
ushintshe isiqalo bese uphinda uyajobelela.
 a-eni > umoya -emoyeni
 e-eni > isikole - esikoleni

77
  i- ini > umsebenzi -emsebenzini
 o-weni > Umshado -emshadweni
 u-wini > izulu -eZulwini

Umthetho Wesihlanu

Lo mthetho uqondene namabizo aqala ngo-u-/ulu- asesigabeni 11. Athatha isiqalo

esihlukile ngoba aqalisa ngo -o-
Izibonelo: Ulwandle - olwandle

UKhahlamba - oKhahlamba
Udonga - odongeni
Udaba - odabeni

Nawa amanye amabizo adinga kushintshwe imisondo yawo: Amabizo agcina

ngondebembili kanye nalawo agcina ngonsinini, imisindo iphenduka ibe
ngolwangeni (palates).

- Ph-sh > impuphu > empushini

- b-tsh > ingubo > engutsheni
- bh-j > isigubhu > esigujini
- m-ny > umlomo > emlonyeni
- mb-nj > intambo > entanjen

Bhala ondaweni bala magama alandelayo

1. Kukhona isinkwa (itafula) ___________________________________________

2. Sizohamba siye (iTheku) ngonyaka ozayo. _____________________________

3. Umngani wami ubhukuda (amanzi) _____________________________________

4. Umama uya (umshado) _____________________________________

5. (Ifriji) kukhona ukudla ______________________________________

6. Kukhona impukane(umlomo) - emlony(w)eni - emlonyeni

78
 Where?

Kuphi?

7. Ngingene
(indaba)_______________________________________

8. Ngizohamba (isihlobo)___________ b>tsh - esihlotsheni o + ana = eni

9. Kunamanzi (isigubhu)____________bh>j - esigujini

10. Ugogo ulele (ikamelo) _____________________________________

11. Ingane ilele (umbhede) _____________________________________

12. Izingane ziya (umsebenzi) __________________________________

13. Kunezimpahla ezinhle (uPep) ____________________________________

14. Khipha ukudla (insipho) ________________________________________

15. Ngithele umuthi (utshwala) ______________________________________

16. (ukhozi) kunezimpiko___________________________________________

17. Ngithenge isinkwa (isitolo)_______________________________________

18. Ingane iya (ikhaya)____________________________________________

19. Mina ngihlala (uMalibongwe Drive) _______________________________

Bhala lo msebenzi olandelayo.

1. Ngithanda ukucula (umsakazo) uma sengimdala.

…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. UBrenda Fassie wakhulela (izwe) lakwaXhosa.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Lapho esuka waya (iGoli) ukuyoqhuba ithalente lakhe.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Ngebhadi wangena (izidakamizwa) uma eseqala eduma ngethalente lakhe.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Wathola ukuhlonishwa (iphephabhuku) laseMelika iTime.

79
 …………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
6. (Umculo) wakhe wahlomula ngezidondo eziningi ezidlula ezozakwabo.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………

ISIQEPHU SESHUMI NAMBILI

24. Izinciphiso (Dimunitives)

Sinciphisa uma sikhombisa:

- Ubuncane bento
- Ukuteketisa/ukudlalisa
- Ukudelela
- Ubungako bento/ubuningi bento
- Ubudala/iminyaka

Zakheka kanjani izinciphiso? Kususwa unkamisa ogcinile bese kujotshelelwa u-ana

noma u-wana

-a Isinkwa -ana Isinkwana

-e Umlenze -ana Umlenzana
-i Ibhasi -ana Ibhasana
-o Itoho -wana Itohwana

80
 -u Indlu -wana Indlwana

Kunongwaqa (consonants) abasekuqaleni kwebizo, (ngaphambi kwankamisa

ogcinile) abashintshayo uma kwenziwa izinciphiso. Le nguquko ibizwa ngokuthi
ukulwangisa (palatalization) (uma kuguquka ondebembili babe olwangeni). In the
case where the final syllable of the noun is -vu/-vo or -fu/-fo, the -w- may be
dropped.

Kanje: imvu > imvana instead of imvwana. We dropped -w-

Isifo > isifana instead of isifwana. We also dropped -w- here.

Amabizo agcina ngalezi ngcezu ezilandelayo siyawalwangisa (palatalization): -ph. -

b, -bh, -m, -mb, -d, -th. Buka ithebula elingezansi izinguquko zemisindo ezenzekayo
kuwona.

Uma igama ligcina ngongwaqa -l- uyashintsha abe ngu -dl-,

Kanje: umfula > umfudlana - imali > imadlana

Bukela nali ithebula elikhombisa ukushintsha kwemisindo:

ONGWAQA INGUQUKO IBIZO ISINCIPHISO

-b- -tsh- Intaba Intatshana
-bh- -j- Isigubhu Isigujwana
-mb- -nj- Ukhamba Ukhanjana
-p- -tsh- Ikopi Ikotshana
-ph- -sh- Iphepha Ipheshana
-mp- -ntsh- impempe Impentshana
-d- -j- Idada Idajana
-nd- -nj- Ikhanda Ikhanjana
-m- -ny- isikhwama Isikhwanyana
-n- -ny- Ingane Inganyana
-l- -dl- Ingalo Ingadlwana
-t- -tsh- Ikati Ikatshana
-th- -sh- Isikhathi Isikhashana

81
 -nt- -ntsh- umkhonto Umkhontshwana

Nciphisa amabizo alandelayo ukhombiso inguquko eyenzekile egameni:

1. Ibhasi - ibhasana

2. Isitimela - isitimelana

3. Amapentshisi - amapentshisana

4. Ikilasi - ikilasana

5. Ubhavu - ubhavwana - ubhavana

6. Ibhanoyi - ibhanoyana

7. Isitulo - isitulwana

8. Umuntu - umuntwana

9. Umsebenzi - umsebenzana

10. Ibhokisi - ibhokisana

Phinda unciphise lawa alandelayo:

(a) Igama - iganyana - m > ny

(b) Isithombe - __________________________________________

(c) Ihlathi - __________________________________________

(d) Ikhala - __________________________________________

(e) Ubhatata - __________________________________________

(f) Ithambo - __________________________________________

(g) Umkhondo - __________________________________________

(h) Izindebe - __________________________________________

(i) Iphupho - __________________________________________

(j) Uzipho - __________________________________________

82
(k) Isitho - __________________________________________

Nciphisa amagama alandelayo:

1. Izibhamu - _______________________

2. Izibhelu - _______________________

3. Nabezindaba - _______________________

4. isifonyo - _______________________

5. Ubhatata - _______________________

6. Igama - _______________________

7. Isikhwama - _______________________

8. Indlu - _______________________

Ake uguqule la mabizo akubakaki akhombe izinciphiso

1. Abaculi baseNingizimu Afrika bahamba (amazwe) amancane uma besaqala

ukucula.

…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Kulesi (sikhathi) esincane asiphilile ecula uzenzele igama emhlabeni wonke.

…………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Lezi (gebengu) ezadubula uLucky zazifuna imoto yakhe.

…………………………………………………………………………………………
4. (Kunesimo) esingesihle e-Afrika sokungamukeli abaculi bokuzalwa lapha.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

Lungisa amagama adwetshelwe akhombe izinciphiso bese uwabhala

ezikhaleni ezinikwe ngezansi:

ULungisa wakuthola kunzima ukubhekana nale nkinga yakhe noma wayesezamile

83
 ukukhuluma nalo mngane wakhe uNozipho. UJabulani akayekanga ukuzincengela
kuyena yize ayazi kahle ukuthi ushadile. UJabulani wayethanda ukuhlale eshayela
uLungisa ucingo, ethumela imiyalezo yothando. Ngelinye ilanga uLungisa wamphoxa
ngawo wonke amagama awaziyo kodwa lutho ukuthi amyeke uJabulani. Waqhubeka
nale ndaba yakhe yokushela unkosikazi womuntu.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

ISIQEPHU SESHUMI NANTATHU

25. IZIKHULISO

Izikhuliso zenziwa emabizweni ukukhulisa into ibe ngaphezu kwalokhu eyikho.

Inhloso yesikhuliso ukubabaza ubukhulu bento, ukukhombisa ubulili besifazane
kanye nokukhombisa ukwedelela kulowo osuke ubhekise kuye.

1. Ukukhombisa Ubukhulu Bento:

Intaba > intabakazi

Ibhuku > ibhukukazi

Umgwaqo > umgwaqokazi

2. Ukukhombisa Ubulili Besifazane

Inkosi > inkosikazi

84
Indoda > indodakazi

Inja > injakazi

Umalume > umalumekazi

Ubaba > ubabekazi

3. Ukukhombisa Ukwedelela

Ikhanda > ikhandakazi

Umlomo > umlomokazi

Izinyawo > izinyawokazi

Sebenzisa la magama angezansi emishweni ukhombise ukuthi uyawazi asho

ukuthini:

1. Itafulakazi

……………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Iphephakazi

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Imotokazi

…………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Indodakazi

…………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Ubabekazi

……………………………………………………………………………………………

85
 6. Amehlokazi

……………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Ingalokazi

……………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Umuzikazi

……………………………………………………………………………………………

9. Isihlahlakazi

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

ISIQEPHU SESHUMI NANE

26. UKUFINGQA - Summary Writing

Ukufingqa ukuhunyushwa kwemibhalo ebonwayo enhlobonhlobo. Le mibhalo ingaba

samdwebo noma efundwayo. Kufingqwa kanjani? Ulwazi olunzulu lutholakala
komabonakude, kumakhompuyutha, ezincwadini, kumafilimu kanye neminye
imithombo yolwazi. Lapha umfundi usuke ebheka ulimi olunencazelo ecashile kanye
namasu obuciko bokukhuluma njengezaga, izisho, izifengqo (isifaniso, isingathekiso,
ukwenzasamuntu, ukwenzasasilwane, ihaba, ukubhingqa, indida njll.) Umfundi
usuke futhi ekhulisa ulwazi analo lwamagama alolo limi alufundayo, alubukayo noma
nje alulalele. Umfundi kufanele azibuze imibuzwana ethile ngalolo hlobo lombhalo
asuke efuna ukulufingqa. Imibuzo kungaba yilena:

Ubani? (Who?) Ukuphi? (Where?) Nini? (When?) Kanjani? (How?) Yini? (What?)

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 Umsebenzi wasekilasini

Thola indatshane encane online uyifunde, bese uyayifingqa. Humusha ngokwakho

ubhale amaphuzu abalulekile kuphela azokwazi ukudlulisa umqondo ophelele
wendaba yakho oyifundile. Ushaye ngamafushane. Qaphela ukuthi indaba yakho
kumele ibe nobude okungenani amagama angama-320 bese uyayifingqa ngemisho
emihlanu okungenani, emagameni angama-50 kuya kwanga-60 ubude bendaba
efingqiwe. Imiklomelo amamaki ayishumi.

IZIMPAWU ZENGCINDEZI
Ziningi izifo eziphatha abantu kodwa bagcine bengazi ukuthi ziyini. Ingcindezi ingenye yezifo
ezivela ngezindlela ezingajwayelekile. Kumele siqaphele izimpawu ezikhomba ukuthi umuntu
unengcindezi. Wonke umuntu kufanele alale isikhathi esanele. Ukukhathala komzimba
ngokweqile, ukungakwazi kwenza lutho nokulala ngaso sonke isikhathi kungezinye zezimpawu
zengcindezi. Omunye umuntu uze angafuni ukuvuswa. Umzimba womuntu uhambisana nendlela
adla ngayo. Omunye umuntu uyancipha noma akhuluphale ngendlela ethusayo ngenxa
yokushintsha indlela adla ngayo, okungaba ukudla ngokweqile noma ukungadli nhlobo. Lokhu
kwenza umuntu agcine esephelelwa amandla. Ziningi izinto ezenziwa yingcindezi kubantu
ezingadala ingozi ezimpilweni zabo. Abantu baba nolaka olubi okwenza basatshwe ngoba
bacasuka kalula bese beba nodlame. Lokhu kudinga ukuqashelwa kungaze kube nomonakalo
omkhulu. Abantu abanengcindezi babonakala ngokungazethembi. Ukuzibukela phansi ucabanga
ukuthi abantu bakhuluma ngawe nokukhalela ubala enye yezinto abazenzayo. Omunye umuntu
akafuni ukuba nabantu ufisa sengathi angaphila emhlabeni wakhe yedwa. Konke lokhu
kuseyizinkomba zokucindezeleka. Baningi abantu abaphelelwa umsebenzi bengalindele.
Ukuphelelwa uthando lomsebenzi, ukuvilapha, ukulova emsebenzini nokungabi nandaba
nomsebenzi wabo kuhambisana naso lesi sifo. Kungasiza ukukhuluma nabaphathi ukuze uthole
usizo noma uthathe ikhefu lokulungisa isimo sakho. Umzimba nengqondo kudinga isikhathi
sokuphumula esanele ukuze kuvimbeke ingcindezi. Lokhu kwenzeka uma ulele. Ngokuvamile
umuntu onengcindezi uphupha amaphupho ezinto ezimbi esezenzeka kudala empilweni noma
angabi nabo nhlobo ubuthongo. Esimweni sokungalali amaphilisi okulala ayasiza. Ungavumeli
ingcindezi ilawule/ibuse impilo yakho, thola usizo kusenesikhathi.
[Icashunwe kuSolezwe yabe isihlelwa kabusha]

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ISIQEPHU SESHUMI NANHLANU

27. Izimpawu Zokuloba

Ungqi(.) Utholakala ekugcineni komusho. Isb. UBiyela uyindoda efuye kakhulu.

Emagameni afingqiwe: Isb. B.A. Hhayi kodwa kwamanye amagama ezinhlangano
njengo: SABC 2.

1. Ukhefana noma ikhoma (,) Wehlukanisa umshwana okhonzile emshweni

oyinhloko: Isb. Izingane ezihlala nesalukazi ziyedelela, ngoba azikhuzwa muntu.
Wehlukanisa imishwana emibili ezimele exhunyanisiwe: Isb. Umama uyakhala,
ugogo uyahleka. Wehlukanisa izenzo noma amabizo alandelanayo: Isb.
Uyathenga, apheke, aphake bese edayisa. Isb. Kukhona imoto, ibhasi, isitimela
kanye nebhanoyi. Wehlukanisa amagama nezikhundla uma isikhundla silandela
igama: Isb. UMbatha, umshumayeli waseWeseli.

88
2. Ukhefanangqi (;) Ukhombisa ukuma noma ukuthula kancane okungaphezu
kwekhefana kepha ngaphansi kwekhoma: Isb. Emva kokuba eselotsholiwe,
wahambisa umbondo; bamamukela emzini. Wehlukanisa imiqondo enobuhlobo
elandela: Isb. Usomlomo kumele abize umhlangano; amukele onke amakhansela
asemhlanganweni bese ehola umhlangano.

3. Ikholoni (:) Uma uzobala izinto okhuluma ngazo emushweni noma unikeza
isibonelo usebenzisa ikholoni. Isb. Udadewethu uthathe ama-electives amane e-
semester yokugcina: Marketing, Computer Programming, Nutrition kanye
neComputer math.

4. Abacaphuni (“”) Ezinye zezimpawu zokuloba ezisetshenziselwa ukuchaza

umbhalo, inkulumo, noma amagama akhulunywa abanye. Zingezinye zezimpawu
zokuloba ezisetshenziswa ukumela inkulumo mpendulwano (dialogue). Isb.
UNandisa uthe; “Asihambe siye edolobheni.”

5. Umbabazi (!) Uphawu lwesibabazo, iphuzu noma umaki, noma ngabe iyiphi
onquma ukuyibiza ingelinye lomaki onganquma ukuwasebenzisa ekugcineni
komusho lapho umusho ukhombisa ukubonakaliswa okunamandla kwemizwelo.
Izinkulumo okukhulunywa ngazo zingaba yinoma yini ukusuka kwisasasa,
injabulo, noma yini enye, ukunengeka noma intukuthelo. Izibabazo ezinye
zezimpawu zokuloba ezisetshenziselwa ukugcizelela imisho. Ngezansi ezinye
zezimo lapho singasebenzisa khona uphawu lwesibabazo: Isb. “Qaphela
umhlane wakho!” uyamemeza.

6. Umbuzi (?) Uphawu lombuzi luphetha umusho ngombuzo. Isb. Uyafuna

ukuhamba nami?

7. Usonhlamvukazi Uma uqala umusho uwuqala ngosonhlamvukazi (capital letter).

Amanye amagama aqala ngosonhlamvukazi amagama angamabizoqho
njengamagama abantu, izindawo, imifula, njll. Isb. uMchunu, Ubaba ushayela
imoto. uKhahlamba.

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Lungisa lesi siqephu esilandelayo:

isikole ithe wykeham collegiate sisendaweni yasemgungundlovu lesi sikole

sinabafundi abazimisele emdlalweni yesikole isikole sabo sinemidlalo ehlukahlukene
efana nehokhi, ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo ibhola lomnqakiswano ukubhukuda kanye
neminye imidlalo umama wami uthe hhawu cha niyabusa bo kulesi sikole senu thina
sasingenayo yonke le midlalo ezikoleni zethu sisakhula

Phinda ubhale lesi siqephu afake izimpawu zokukhanyisa lapho kufanele

khona.

Lungisa amagama alandelayo ngokubhala izimpawu zokukhanyisa lapho kufanele

khona.

a. umuzi __________________________________________________
b. umhlanga rocks __________________________________________________
c. egoli __________________________________________________
d. kwadlomo __________________________________________________
e. ngolwesine __________________________________________________
f. umgungundlovu __________________________________________________
g. hhayi bo __________________________________________________
h. isipiliyoni siyadingeka uma ufuna umsebenzi osile.
________________________________________________________________
i. udlame lwezombusazwe laqala elokishini lasemlazi
________________________________________________________________
j. abafundi basemichael house bayazimisela.

90
 ________________________________________________________________

ISIQEPHU SESHUMI NESITHUPHA

28. AMAGAMA APHIKISANAYO

Kukhona amabizo anamagama aphikisana nawo:

Isb: intombi > insizwa

Intombazane > umfana

Iqhude > isikhukhukazi

Bhala amagama aphikisana nalawa alandelayo ngokobulili. Khetha kulolu hlu

olungezansi.

[ugogo, amantombazane, itshitshi, isalukazi, umathananazane, imbuzikazi,

udadewethu, iqhawekazi, umama, umakoti]

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 1. Ikhehla ________________________
2. Umfowethu ________________________
3. Umkhwenyana ________________________
4. Abafana ________________________
5. Iqhawe ________________________
6. Ibhungu ________________________
7. Ubaba ________________________
8. Umkhulu ________________________
9. Ikhonde ________________________
10. Impongo ________________________

ISIQEPHU SESHUMI NESIKHOMBISA

29. Imibhalo Yokuziqambela (Creative Writing)

Ukubhalwa Kwencwadi

Ziningi izindlela zokuxhumala nabanye abantu noma namabhizinisi. Esikhathini samanje

senezindlela ezisheshayo zokudlulisa imiyalezo (messeges). Lezi zindlela ziyahluka
ngokwemali, kukhona ezibizayo kanti kukhona ezishibhile (cheap). Ama-telegram, izincwadi
(letters), izincingo (telephone), omakhalekhukhwini (cellphones), izinkundla zokuxhumana
(social media), ama-imeyili (emails), kanye nokunye.

Ake sibuke ukuthi incwadi ibhalwa kanjani nokuthi zihlukene kanjani izinhlobo zazo.
Kukhona incwadi yobungane (friendly letter) nencwadi esemthethweni (formal letter). Xoxa
nabangane bakho ukuthi zihlukene kanjani lezi zincwadi. Sebenzisa leli thebula ukuveza
umehluko (differences) kanye nokufanayo (similarities).

92
 Ikheli

Incwadi Incwadi
yobungane
esemthethweni

Nayi imithetho elandelwayo uma ubhala incwadi:

 Ubhala ikheli elilodwa (one address) esandleni sokudla.

 Ngaphansi kwekheli ubhala usuku (date) ngesiZulu; kanje: 6 kuMandulo 2022.
 Weqa umugqa (skip a line) ukuze ubhale isibingelelo. Kuya ngokuthi ubingelela
bani (salutation); ungabhala uthi Mngani (friend), Baba (Dad), Mphazima (a clan
name) noma nje igama lalowo ombhalelayo (Sandile).
 Weqa omunye umugqa owodwa emva kwesibingelelo.
 Incwadi iba nesiqalo (introduction), umzimba (body) nesiphetho (conclusion)
 Awusebenzisi ulimi oluhlonipha ngokweqile ngoba ubhalela umuntu omaziyo lapha.

Buka nasi isibonelo:

6 Diya Bagwan Road

Bethleham
5008

93
 16 kuMbasa 2023 Usuku

Sandile

Kunjani mtakamama? Usemicatshangweni yami kulezi zinsuku. Phela angikayijwayeli

indaba yokuhlala kude kangaka nasekhaya.

Mfowethu le ndawo engihlala kuyo ibanda kakhulu. Mina ngijwayele ukuthi ngalezi
zikhathi zonyaka ngizigqokele izinto ezipholile ngoba kusuke kusashisa lapho eThekwini.
Sengifunde nokuphuza isobho ngezikhathi zamalantshi lapha emsebenzini.

Ngibhala le ncwadi ngoba ngicela ulungiselele ukungivakashela ngamaholidi

kaNhlangulana. Zikhona izindawo ezimbalwa zokuzijabulisa kule ndawo ngakho-ke ngeke
ube nesizungu. Kuyokusiza kodwa ukuphatha izimpahla ezifudumele.

Banjani kodwa omama nobaba? Bayakhumbuleka impela, ikakhukazi ukudla okuphekwe

ngumama. Khonza kubo bonke ekhaya.

Yimina umfowenu
uSiyabonga

ISIQEPHU SESHUMI NAMBILI

IMIBHALO EDLULISA IMIYALEZO (Transactional Writing)

Imibhalo edlulisa imiyalezo ibalulekile uma ufunda ulimi. Le mibhalo siyahlolwa kuyo
ephepheni lesibili (paper 2). Kule mibhalo sithola imibhalo efana nezincwadi (letters),
indaba ende (essays), inkulumo ebhaliwe (written speech), amaminithi omhlangano
(minutes), umbiko (report), imiyalelo yokupheka (recipes), imiyalelo yendlela
(directions), ukubhala idayari (diary entries), kanye nokunye okuningi.

Namhlanje sizobheka ukuthi ibhalwa kanjani idayari ngesiZulu (how do we write a

diary in isiZulu).

OKUBALULEKILE:

94
 o Idayari kabani, (Igama lomnikazi). (Owner of the diary’s name)
o Unyaka (year): Isibonelo 2022. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba kuveza isikhathi
nesimo esingalindeleka. (It is important to write date and time in your diary)
o Usuku alube sekuqaleni futhi lugqame1 (Date needs to be at the beginning).
Isikhathi nezehlakalo kulandela ngezansi.
o Kumele kube yimisho emifushane2 kepha enikeza umqondo ophelele.
o Bhala njengomuntu wokuqala3 uma ubhala imisho ephelele.
o Ulimi nokupelwa kwamagama kubalulekile (spelling and dictation are very important)
ISIBONELO
IDAYALI KASibusiso Ndlangamandla

uMsombuluko 6:15 Ngiyabhukuda esikoleni.

12:30 Ngibhala isivivinyo seSayensi.
22 KuLwezi 2022 14: 45 Ngiya ekwayeni.

uLwesibili 07:30 Sinomhlangano omfushane we-SRC

10: 50 Ngibhala isivivinyo sesiZulu.
23 Novemba 2022 15:00 Ngiqeqeshela irabhi.

uLwesithathu 07:50 Kunemisa lokugcina lonyaka.

24 Novemba 2022 14: 00 Ngiyobona udokotela wamazinyo.

uLwesine 13: 00 Ngibhala isivivinyo seZibalo.

25 Novemba 2022 14:15 Nginesifundo se-AP English

uLwesihlanu 15: 00 Ngivakashela umngani wami eHoneydew.

26 Novemba 2022 21:00 Sibukela ibhayikobho.

uMgqibelo 12: 00 Mina nabangani bami siya eMandela Square.

27 Novemba 2022 15:00 Siyodlala ibhola nabangane bami.

iSonto 10: 00 Mina nomndeni wami siya esontweni,

28 Novemba 2022 eRhema Bible Church.
12h30 Siyodla isidlo sasemini endaweni enhle.
18:00 Ngilungiselela isivivinyo se-English sakusasa.

Amagama asebenzile = 60

Indlela Yokumaka:
1
Lugqame - clear
2
Imisho emifushane – short sentences
3
Umuntu wokuqala – write as a first person.

95
Isakhiwo = 6
Ingqikithi = 8
Ulimi = 5
Inani lamagama = 1

Ukubhalwa Kwe-Imeyili

I-imeyili uhlobo olusha lokuthumela umlayezo ngokushesha. Lolu hlelo ludume

kakhulu kulesi sikhathi se-21st century. Lolu hlelo luyashesha, ukwazi ukuthumela i-
imeyili kubantu abaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Alubizi nakancane. Udinga ukuba
nekheli layo i-imeyili, ube ne-data noma uxhume ucingo nekhompyutha yakho kwi-
WiFi. Uma ubhala umyalezo ngalolu hlobo lokuxhumana ulandela indlela ethile
oyithola isivele inaso isifanekiso (template) sayo kwi-inthanethi.

Lolu hlobo lombhalo lungena emibhalweni emifushane. Lungaba semthethweni uma

ufaka isicelo somsebenzi noma lusebenzise ulimi lobungane uma ubhalela
abangane bakho nezihlobo. Nasi isifanekiso se-imeyili ngezansi:

- Ikheli libhalwa kanje: madluphuthu65@gmail.com

- Isihloko (subject) usho loko ozokhuluma ngako kwi-imeyili yakho.
- Asikho Isidingo sokubhala usuku.

Iya ku:
Iphuma ku:
Isihloko:

96
Bhala nawu umsebenzi usebenzise lesi sikhala esingenhla. Amaholidi kaKhisimusi
wena uvakashele ubabekazi (aunt) wakho osebenza njengoSonhlalakahle (Social
Worker) ezweni laseNgilande. Bhala i-imeyili uxoxele umngane wakho ngesikhathi
osichitha kuleli lizwe. Sebenzisa amagama aphakathi kwangama-60 kuya
kwangama-80 ukwenza lo msebenzi. Uhlelo luyadingeka ukuze ulandele umyalelo
njengoba ufundisiwe.

ISIQEPHU SESHUMI NANYE

Inkombandlela – Directions

Uma ubhala inkombandlela usuke wenza uhambo lwalabo abakuvakashelayo, noma

olwakho lube lula. EsiZulwini sinazo izimpawu (Cardinal Signs) zalolu limi.
Uyazithola ekuqaleni kwaleli bhuku. Sibuye sisebenzise imiyalelo efana nalena
elandelayo:

- Kwesokudla - right-hand side

- Kwesobunxele - left-hand side
- Phezulu - up
- Ezansi - down
- Khuphuka - go up
- Yehlika - go down

97
- Jika - turn
- Qalaza - look on the sides
- Buka - look
- Isifanekiso - statue
- Amarobhothi - robots
- Isakhiwo - building
- Isango - gate

Ithathwe ku-Google

Ekhaya kukuMkhize Road eBothasHill. Ucele umalume wakho ayokulandela ukudla

kwezilwane zaseplazini lakini kwa-Eezy Feeds. Bhalela umalume wakho imiyalelo

98
(directions) ezomsiza ukuthi afike kule ndawo kalula ngaphandle kokuduka.
Sebenzisa amagama aphakathi kwangama-60 kuya kwangama-80 kuphela.

Imiyalelo Eya Kwa-Eezy Feeds

ISIQEPHU SAMASHUMI
AMABILI

30. IZINKONDLO

Isakhiwo Senkondlo Sangaphandle

Inkondlo iqukethe imizwa yombhali.

Umbhali wezinkondlo ubizwa ngembongi
(a poet). Uma imbongi ibhala inkondlo
isuke idlulisa imizwa yayo kanye
nalokho okusuke kuyithinte emoyeni. Inkondlo kumele ifundwe ichukuluze imizwa
yalowo oyifundayo, lokho kwenziwa yindlela umbhali acwecwa ngayo amagama
akhe (diction: choice of words). Izinkondlo ziba nezifenqo (figurative expressions)
ezifana nalezi: isifaniso(simile), isingathekiso (metaphors), isenzasamuntu

99
 (personification), njalo njalo. Inkondlo ihlukana ngezigatshana esizibiza ngokuthi
izigaba (amabinza).

Inkondlo poetry imizwa Feelings

Imbongi poet -dlulisa imizwa Express feelings
-chukuluza provoke umoya emotions
Diction Ukucwecwa amagama Istanza/ ibinza Stanza
Imigqa Lines Nensa Slow
Shesha Fast Isigqi Pace
Umgqumo Rhythm

IZINHLOBO ZEZINKONDLO

1. ILIRIKHI (Lyric)

Lena inkondlo esingayichaza ngokuthi izwakala saculo (like a song). Onkamisa

nongwaqa abakule nkondlo bezwakala samgqhumo (rhythm) ongaculeka. Akusho
lutho ukuthi imbongi ibhala ngayiphi indikimba kulolu hlobo lwenkondlo. Kungaba
uthando, ukufa, ukholo, njalo njalo.

2. INKONDLO ELANDAYO (Narrative Poem)

Lena yinkondlo exoxa indaba (tells a story). Ekuqaleni kuba yisingeniso, kube
wumzimba bese kuba yisiphetho. Le nkondlo iba nomlingiswa umbhali aziqambele

100
yena noma umlingiswa owake waphila ngempela. Kuyenzeka imbongi ibe ngomunye
wabalingiswa ngokuthi isebenzise isabizwana esiqondisiwe kumuntu wokuqala (ngi-,
mina, njll.)

3. I-EPHIKI (Epic)

Le nkondlo ixoxa ngezenkohlakalo (corruption) zomlando (historical) weqhawe

(heroes) elithize lesizwe noma nangomlando wesizwe.

4. I-ELEJI (Elegy)

Imbongi isuke ilila (mourns) ngokushiywa ngumuntu emthandayo. Imbongi iveza

inkumbulo ngomuntu lowo noma ngabantu abashiyile. Lolu hlobo lwenkondlo
lukhuluma ngendikimba yokufa (theme of death). Imbongi ingakugxeka noma
ikuncome ukufa. Umoya walolu hlobo lwenkondlo uba nokukhathazeka, ngoba
imbongi isuke ikubeka ngesizotha lokho okuyiminjunju (pain) esuke ikuzwe
ngaphakathi enhliziyweni yayo.

5. ISONETHI

Kuyaye kuthiwe isonethi yinkondlo enemigqa eyi-14. Kunemigomo

(instructions/rules) ethize okumele iyilandele ukuze kuthiwe yisonethi. Kunezinhlobo
zamasonethi:

(a) ISONETHI YESINTALIYANE (ITALIAN SONNET)

Le nkondlo uma uyifunda uthola ukuthi ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili. Ingxenye

yokuqala yakhiwa imigqa eyi-8 (octave), eyesibili yakhiwa imigqa eyi-6 (sestet).

(b) ISONETHI YESINGISI (SHAKESPEAREAN SONNET)

Le nkondlo uma uyifunda uthola ukuthi yehlukaniswa izingxenye ezintathu:

inemigqa ngamine ephindwe kabili (quatrain) elandelwa ngemibili (couplet)
engeyokugcina.

6. ISATHAYA (Satire)

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Umbhali ugxeka amaphutha kumbe ubuthakathaka obukumuntu othile noma
enhlanganweni ethize noma nje esintwini jikelele. Lowo ogxekwayo kuhlekiswa
ngaye ngendlela ebhuqayo (sarcastic mockery). Umbhali usuke engaqondile
ukudicilela pphansi igama lalowo okuhlekiswa ngaye kodwa usuke eqonde ukuhlaba
amphutha okumele alungiswe.

7. INKONDLO EFUNDISAYO (Informative Poem)

Imbongi lapha ibhala ngezindlela okumele abantu baziphathe ngayo. Akusho lutho
ukuthi imbongi ibhala ngayiphi indikimba.

8. INKONDLO EYINJULALULWAZI (Philosophical Poems)

Lolu hlobo lwenkondlo luveza imicabango ejulile ngezinto okungelula ukuthi umuntu
aziqonde ngolwazi lwakhe lwasemhlabeni. Imbongi isuke itusa ubukhuu
bukaMvelinqangi (God’s Grandeur) ngokuthi izibuze imibuzo ethize ngendalo
(nature), nemvelaphi yempilo noma yokufa. Lezi zinkondlo zisishiya sicabanga
kabanzi ngalokhu imbongi esuke ikhuluma ngakho.

9. IZIBONGO ZESIMANJE (Modern Praises)

Izibongo zesimanje ziceshe zifane nezomdabu. Umehluko ukuthi zona zibhalwa

phansi. Lolu hlobo lwezinkondlo lukhuluma ngamakhosi, amaqhawe noma nje
abantukazana. Lezi zinkondlo zigqamisa ubuqhawe, imfundo noma nje okunye
okubalulekile emphakathini.

Sizobheka lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo uma sikhuluma ngengaphandle le nkondlo.

1. Izitanza noma izigaba (stanza)

2. Imvumelwano (rhyme/agreement)

3. Ukuxhumana (linking)

4. Impindwa (refrain)

5. Isizura (Caesura)

6. Injambamenti (enjambment)

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 7. Ifanamsindo

8. Ifanangwaqa (alliteration)

9. Ifanankamisa (assonance)

10. Ifuzamsindo (onomatepoiea)

IMIGQA NEZITANZA

Imigqa (lines) iyabhekwa ukuthi ime kanjani. Ukulingana noma ukungalingani

kwemigqa kuya ngenani lamagama asetshenzisiwe emugqeni. Izigaba zenkondlo
ziyabhekwa. Uma izigaba noma amabinzana ehlanganisiwe ndawonye kwenza
inkondlo ibe nesigaba noma nestanza esisodwa. Inkondlo iyaba nezigaba
ezinemigqa yenani elithile.

IMVUMELWANO

Sinezinhlobo ezihlukene zemvumelwano.

(a) Imvumelwano siqalo

Enkondlweni ethi ‘Izinyembezi Zokulangaza’:

Betetemuk’ ehlobo elingenakugudluka,

Bengazincwebi nangukuthi liyakugudluka,

(b) Imvumelwano-maphakathi

Enkondlweni ethi ‘Sekuyakhanya’:

Sekuyacaca la silibalabele khona,

Sekuyantwela la silibangise khona,

Sekuyabonakala la siphikelele khona,

(c) Imvumelwano sigcino

Enkondlweni ethi ‘Mbali Entsha’:

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Ngincanywa nguhleko lwakho,

Olumhloph’ okwabathakathi bakho,

UKUXHUMANA

Sinezinhlobo ezehlukene zokuxhumana.

(a) Ukuxhumana siqalo (initial linking)
Enkondlweni ethi ‘Sekuyakhanya’:
Sibona inkathazo ibhokile,
Sibona izinyembezi zehla mi...

Ukuxhumana maphakathi
Enkondlweni ethi ‘Sekuyakhanya’:
Sekuyacaca la silibalabele khona,
Sekuyantwela la silibangise khona,

Ukuxhumana sigcino (final linking)

Enkondlweni ethi ‘Sekuyakhanya’:
Sekuyacaca la silibalabele khona,
Sekuyantwela la silibangise khona,

Okuyingxemu (oblique linking)

Enkondlweni ethi ‘Umdlalo Wokwethaba’:

Ilingapheshey’ eliwelwa ngesihlenga salo mdlalo,

Umdlal’ odlalwa ngabakhulu nabancane,

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Ukuxhumana okuphambene (cross linking)

Enkondlweni ethi ‘Umdlalo Wokwethaba’

Umdlal’ oyinzuzo yokuzuz’ ilingaphesheya,

Ilingapheshey’ eliwelwa ngesihlenga salo mdlalo

Ukuxhumana okweqanayo
Enkondlweni ethi: ‘Sixebukile’,
Simagceb’ akapazel’ umpe lothando,
Simagatsh’ ayethel’ empophomeni yenjabulo,
Simong’ ugijim’ ubisi lothando,

IMPINDWA (Refrain)
Ukuphindaphindwa kumugqa ekuqaleni noma ekugcineni kwestanza kubizwa
ngokuthi impindwa. Imbongi isuke igcizelela umqondo othile. Lo mugqa uyaye uvele
ekuqaleni noma ekugcineni kwawo wonke amabinza enkondlo.

Ifanamsindo

Lolu wuphawu olungena ngaphansi kwemisindo eyenziwa izinhlamvu zamagama

emshweni noma emshweni eqoqene ndawonye endimeni yenkondlo. Inkondlo leyo
ihlelwa ngobungcweti obunofanangwaqa nofanankamisa.

Ifanankamisa (Assonance)

Umsindo otholakala nkokuphindeka konkamisa abafanayo emigqeni siwubiza

ngokuthi ifanankamisa. Ukuphindeka konkamisa kuzwakala kamnandi kuze kube
sengathi lowo mugqa usamculo.

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Ifanangwaqa (alliteration)

umsindo wokuphindeka kongwaqa abafanayo emgqeni owodwa. Ikhono

lokuhambisana komsindo wongwaqa nemibono eyethulwa inkondlo noma umugqa
lowo kuletha isigqi esithile.

Ifuzamsindo (Onomatopoeia)

Lapha kuphindwaphindwa isiqu sesenzukuthi kuchazwa into ethile.

Isibonelo: Ubukhwishikhwishi, Ubudukluduklu. Ubufohlofohlo, Manqa, njll.

ITONI/ IPHIMBO (Tone)

Indlela imbongi edlulisa ngayo amazwi ngokusebenzisa iphimbo ngesikhathi ihaya
inkondlo yayo noma ibhala indaba yayo. Okungaba ukukhathazeka, ukuhalalisa,
injabulo njll. Iphimbo livezwa indlela amagama asesetshenziswe ngayo imbongi
ukuveza okungaphakathi kuyo njengentukuthelo. Imbongi ikhetha amagama
akhombisa lokho efuna ukukusho. Indlela amagama aphimiseke ngayo kungaba
nomthelela kumoya wenkondlo.

ISIZURA (isikhawu)
Imigqa eneziphumuzi phakathi nendawo. Lelo khefu libizwa ngokuthi yisizura.

I-ENJAMBAMENTI (ukwelekana kwemigqa)

Lapha sibheka imigqa yenkondlo. Kungabe ivulekile noma ivalekile? Imigqa
evulekile ayinazo iziphumuzi ekugcineni umqondo womugqa uze uphelele ngezansi.
Loku sikubiza ngokuthi yinjambamenti.

UMOYA WENKONDLO (EMOTIONS)

Umoya wenkondlo uveza imizwa yembongi kanye nokunyakaziswa komphefumulo

wayo mayelana nalokho okusuke kuyithintile kwayenza ukuba ibhale inkondlo.
Imbongi:

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  Ingagxeka (criticize)
 Ingazonda (hate/dislike)
 Ingathanda (like/love)
 Ingabalisa (anxious)
 Ingakhombisa uvalo (fear)
 Ingathukuthela (angry)
 Ingazisola (regret)
 Inganosizi (melancholy)
 Ingalangazelela (long for)
 Inganendumalo (disappointment)

ULIMI LOBUNKONDLO
Ulimi lobunkondlo lushubile (rich), luyagigiyela futhi lucebe ngezifenqo.
YINI ISIFENQO? (Figures of Speech)
Isifenqo yinkulumo egigiyelayo (indirect) lapho ichaza into. Izisho (idioms) nezaga
(proverbs) nazo zithathwa njengezifenqo. Kunokuthi kuthiwe uTholakele udakiwe,
kuye kusetshenziswe izinto ezifanekisayo njengokuthuTholakele uqhuba
imbuzi/uTholakele umnandi/uTholakele udlile. Ziningi izifenqo, empeleni ngeke
sazibala zonke.
ISIFANISO (simile)
Lapha uqhathanisa izinto ezimbili ezingafani kodwa ezinokuthile okufanayo. Kuyaye
kusetshenziswe izakhiwo zokufanisa u-fana na-; njenga-; okwe-; njll. Nasi
isibonelo, uThabi muhle njengelanga liphuma. Azivamile ukuba ziningi izifaniso
enkondlweni.

ISINGATHEKISO (metaphor)
Isingathekiso yinkulumo eqhathanisa noma efanisa izinto ezimbili ezingafani kodwa
ingasebenzisi izakhi zokufanisa. Bukhulu ubudlelwane phakathi kwesifaniso
nesingathekiso. Isibonelo sesingathekiso: uLanga yindoni yamanzi. Ezinkondlweni
izingathekiso yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukwedlula isifaniso. Inkondlo evame
ukuba nesisodwa noma ingabi naso nhlobo isingathekiso iba lula.

ISENZASAMUNTU/ UKWENZASAMUNTU (Personification)

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Isenzasamuntu wuhlobo oluthile lwesingathekiso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi naso
siyinkulumo efanisa izinto ezimbili ezingafani ibe ingasebenzisi isakhi sokufanisa.
Umehluko ukuthi lento okusuke kufaniswe ngayo isuke yenziwe samuntu. Isibonelo:
‘Sihlahla sami somvini ungimangalisile.’

UKWENZASASILWANE (Zoomorphism)
Isenzasasilwane wuhlobo oluthile lwesingathekiso. Lokho kusho ukuthi naso
isenzasasilwane siyinkulumo efanisa izinto ezimbili ezingafani ibe ingasebenzisi
isakhiwo sokufanisa. Umehluko ukuthi into okufaniswa nayo yenziwe sasilwane.
Isibonelo: ‘Labhons’ ihinikazi lakwabo.’ Esho izulu elidumayo.

INHLWAYIZANE / UHLWAYIZANE (INNUENDO)

Inhlwayizane ifuze umbhuqo ngokuba nohlwayana oluhlabayo kodwa yona
iyagwegwesa ayibeki ngembaba.

Izibonelo:

 Ubengazange abuthi mbibi namuhla uSigubhu kungakho ebenolaka nje.

 Kukhona oboleke ipeni lami ngisaphumile, bengicela alibuyise
 Inkulumo yakhe ende yaphetha ngehlombe elaphaphamisa wonke umuntu

IHABA (Exageration/ hypebole)

Ihaba nalo liwuhlobo lwesingathekiso. Lokho kusho ukuthi nalo liyinkulumo efanisa
izinto ezimbili ezingafani ibe ingasisebenzisi isakhi sokufanisa. Into nje ukuthi le nto
okufaniswa nayo yedlulele ngobunjalo nangobungako. Isibonelo: uThandiwe akeve
ezacile, wuthi lokuvungula. Lesi sifenqo siyangathekisa Kodwa futhi ukhona yini
umuntu ongangothi lokuvungula?

UPHAWU (ISIFANEKISO) (Symbol)

Uphawu isifenqo esaziwayo ukuthi simele into ethile. Uphawu alugcini ngokuba
isifenqo kuphela, noma yini nje emele into ethile kuthiwa uphawu. Siyazi ukuthi
Ilanga, izinkanyezi nenyanga kuwuphawu lokukhanya, nempumelelo, nolwazi,
nempilo enhle. Phela ubusuku nokuhlwa kumele ubumnyama, ukungazi, amashwa

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nokufa. Ziningi futhi izinkondlo lapho izaqheqhe kanye nomthombo kuthathwa
njengophawu lwemfundo.

ISIHLONIPHO (Euphemism)
Isihlonipho yigama elisetshenziswa esikhundleni salelo umuntu angavunyelwe
ukulibiza. Nokho enkondlweni isuke inganqatshelwe imbongi ukusebenzisa igama
elithile, isuke ikhombisa ulwazi lwaso isihlonipho, futhi inonga ulimi ukuze
luhlwabuse lube mtoti.
Isibonelo: Wo-hhe, yeka ngawe Nonkece! Inkece isihlonipho esimele imali. Amanye
amagama ayisihlonipho yilawa:
 Indlela - inyathuko
 Ilanga - impakama
 Ukudla (eating) - ukumaya
 Amanzi - amandambi
 Umbani - umphezulu
 Amehlo - amaqaphelo

UKUBHUQA: (SARCASM)
Uma umuntu ebhuqa usho lokho akushoyo kusalele udosi isibuqo siyahlaba
siyalumela kasithandeki
Izibonelo:
 Ungaba umfundi ohlakaniphile uma ungase uyeke imbuzi.
 Ungazenzela umathanda kodwa kowakho umuzi.
 Baningi bamenyiwe kodwa bambalwa abayobona umbuso weZulu.

IMPINDAMQONDO (Tautology)
Impindamqondo yisifengqo esiphinda umqondo ngamazwi angefani. Inhloso
ukugcizelela okuthize.

UMBUZO-MBUMBULU (RHETORIC QUESTION)

Lona umbuzo onempendulo esobala ngakho ongadingi ukuphendulwa. Umuntu
usuke ewubuza nje ngoba usuke efuna kugcizelela okuthize kulokho okuyimpendulo
Izibonelo:
Usho ngoba ngeke ufe wena? Ngabe kusawuthando lolu?

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ISIBONELO SOKUHLUZWA KWENKONDLO

UNOXOLO/UNOLUXOLO – KNN Gcumisa

1 Udumo lakho luyababazeka
2 Ufana namanz' apholil' ehla entabeni.
3 Upholil' uphuzisa bonke abakulangazelelayo,
4 Ubaph' ukujabul' imizimba yethakase
5 Bekufumene wena Mduduzi wabadumele.
6 Lapho kukhon' ukuheleza komoy' obandayo,
7 Lapho kugelez' igazi emaweni athambekileyo,
8 Izinyembezi zigeleza ingelezane,
9 Kubhekenwe ngeziqu zamehlo.
10 Imilomo ikhafula okumuncu kodwa
11 Kungazeki okumuncu kodwa
12 Kungazeki ngubani oyakusiza.
13 Munye kuphel' ongaba umsizi, UNoluxolo,
14 Oleth' injabulo kubo bonke abaxabeneyo,
15 Onhliziyo zabo zibamtoti, ngothando
16 Oluletha ukufudumala okungunaphakade.
17 Kuletha ukuthokoza okungeke
18 Kwalethwa yilutho ngaphandle
19 Kothando, umusa noxolo.

UHLOBO LWENKONDLO:

Ilirikhi ngoba imbongi iveza imizwa yayo ngoxolo abantu okufanele babe nalo uma
kungenzeka kube khona ukuphambana ngokwemibono. Imbongi ithi uxolo yilo oluletha
injabulo kanye nentokozo kubantu ababekade bexabene.

UMQONDO WENKONDLO

Kule nkondlo imbongi ikhuluma ngoxolo elunike izimpawu zomuntu ophilayo

okunguNoluxolo. Imbongi iqala ngokubabaza amandla nodumo loxolo. Isho izinto lapho
uxolo lufike lusize khona.

Izibonelo: Lapho kunezimpi, kukhalwa, kuthukwana, kuxatshenwe, njl. Kusiza lona uxolo.

INDIKIMBA

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Uxolo- aluthengwa ngalutho, luyayikhulula ingqondo nenhliziyo ephatheke kabuhlungu.
Luletha ukuthula. Imbongi ibona izinto ezinhle ezenziwa ukuba khona koxolo/ umphumela
woxolo.

UMYALEZO

Ayikho into ebaluleke ukwedlula uxolo ukusiza abantu uma kunezinxushunxushu.

ISIGQI

Siyashesha imbongi itusa uxolo ngoba ilona lodwa oluwusizo lapho kuxabene khona
ubendle. Lesi sigqi sigqanyiswe yimigqa yayo emningi evulekile kanye nomgqumo wayo
uma ihaywa.

ITHONI

Iveza ukutusa okugqanyiswa amagama ancoma uxolo. Imbongi itusa noma ibonga iqhaza

elibanjwa uxolo uma kungekho ukuthula.

UMOYA WENKONDLO

Umoya wokuncoma. Imbongi incoma izinto ezinhle ezenziwa uxolo lapho

kunezinxushunxushu phakathi kwabantu. Ilona lodwa olungumlamuli. Uxolo lwenza

ukuthula.

IMIFANEKISO-MQONDO/ IZITHOMBEMAGAMA

Umugqa wesi-2 – “Ufana namanzi apholile” (isifaniso). Uma kushisa, amanzi apholile

ayawupholisa umzimba. Kanjalo noxolo luyasipholisa isimo esishisayo noma esivunguzayo

uma kunezinxushunxushu ezisuke zikhathaza umoya womuntu.

Umugqa wesi- 6 – “Ukuheleza komoya obandayo” (inzwa yokuthinta) Igqamisa isimo lapho

ingekho inhlalakahle kodwa uma kufika uxolo konke kuba kuhle.

Umugqa we-10 – “Imilomo ikhafula okumuncu kodwa “(inzwa yokunambitha) Igqamisa isimo

sengxabano noma ukuthukana uma sekufika uxolo kuyaphela konke lokho.

I-ENJAMBAMENTI

Istanza loku-1 umugqa wesi-4 kuya kowesi-5

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“Ubaph’ ukujabul’ imzimba yethakase”

“Bekufumene wena Mduduzi wabadumele.”

Le enjambamenti igqamisa isenzasamuntu esigcizelela ukuthi ukufika koxolo kubantu

abadumele kwenza bazizwe beduduzeka beba nokujabula. Umqondo usuka emgqeni wesi-4

uze uyophelela emgqeni wesi-5. Imbongi kube sengathi ikhuluma ngomuntu embiza

ngomduduzi wabadumele.

ISIZURA/ISIKHAWU

“Munye kuphel’ ongaba umsizi, UNoluxolo”. (umugqa we-13)

“Onhliziyo zabo zibamtoti, ngothando” (umugqa we-15)

Lesi sikhawu siveze ukuhlukanisa amagama emgqeni ukugqamisa ukuthi uxolo ilona lodwa

olusizayo kubantu abasuke bexabene.

UKUXHUMANA SIQALO

6. Lapho kukhon’ ukuheleza komoy’ obandayo,

7. Lapho kugelez’ igazi emaweni athambekileyo,

Kumugqa wesi 6 nowesi- 7 kuletha umgqumo omnandi kuphinde kugcizelele noma

kugqamise isimo esingesihle esisuke sibhekene nabantu abangenalo uxolo. Imbongi yethula
ukuthi isimo sibanjani kubantu uma bengezwani.

15. Oluletha ukufudumala okungunaphakade.

16. Kuletha ukuthokoza okungeke

Kumugqa we-15 nowe- 16 lokhu kuxhumana okusekuqaleni kuletha umgqumo omnandi

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okugqamisa izinto ezilethwa uxolo kubantu uma sebexolelene.

UKUXHUMANA OKUPHAKATHI

Umugqa we-10 kuya emgqeni we-11

Isibonelo: Imilomo ikhafula okumuncu kodwa

Kungazeki okumuncu kodwa

Amagama abhalwe ngokugqamile akhombisa ukuxhumana okuphakathi. Lokhu kuxhumana

kuletha umgqumo omnandi okugqamisa izinto ezimbi ezikhulunywa ngabantu abangenalo

uxolo. Ukusetshenziswa kokuxhumana enkondlweni kuletha umgqumo omnandi.

UKUXHUMANA SIGCINO

Umugqa we-10 kuya we-11

Isibonelo: Imilomo ikhafula okumuncu kodwa

Kungazeki okumuncu kodwa

INKONDLO NGAMAFUPHI

UNoxolo- isiphongozo (prefix) uNo- uchaza unina wento, ngakho-ke le nkondlo ikhuluma
ngonina Woxolo (peace). Umama uyena oletha imfudumalo ekhaya, ukuba khona
kukamama kwenza kube nothando kanye nemfudumalo (warmth). Umbhali ufanisa uxolo
nomuntu ngoba ufaka izimpawu zomuntu ophilayo. Lapha imbongi ibhala le nkondlo
ibhekisa ngezikhathi zodlame lapho kwakulwa khona amaqembu ahlukene kwaSwayimane.
Ngakho-ke wayebuka ukuthi le ngxabano (misunderstanding) kanye nokukhuluma kabi
ngabanye abantu kugcina kudale ingxabano embi. Kepha ubona ukuthi ngokufika
kukaNoxolo, konke lokhu kuklwebhana (misunderstanding) kungaphela.

Funda le nkondlo elandelayo bese uyayihluza ulandela imibuzo engezansi.

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KWELAMABHUKU Margaret Khanyisile Hlongwana
1 Nampa bengena bephuma kule ndlu,
2 Egcin’ amagug’ okhokho bethu.
3 Ngikhangwa imiqingo yamabhuku,
4 Ngithi pheqe pheqe, ngikhangwe
5 Ingcebo yolimi lwesiZulu.
6 Ngihambis’ amehlo nxa zonke
7 Ngihlangane nezingwazi zezihlabani
8 Ezadl’ umhlanganiso kwezamabhuku
9 Ezadl’ umhlanganiso kwezamasiko.
10 Nans’ inselelo munt’ omusha!
11 Thath’ okungokwakh’ uphuz’ ulwazi,
12 Ulwaz’ oluqukethwe ile miqulukazi.
13 Silwe ngamabhuk’ ukuz’ izizukulwane
14 Zincel’ ubis’ olungasoze lwasha.

a) Hlobo luni lwenkondlo lolu? Sekela impendulo yakho. (2)

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

b) Unjani umoya wembongi kule nkondlo? (1)

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
c) Bhala isibonelo semvumelwano osithola kule nkondlo. (1)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
d) Bhala ibonelo sokwenzasamuntu osithola kule nkondlo. (1)
________________________________________________________________
e) Nika izinhlobo ezimbili zokuxhumana nezibonelo zazo. (2)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
f) Thola isizura kule nkondlo. (1)

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 ________________________________________________________________
g) Kusho ukuthini ukudla umhlanganiso? Chaza. (1)
________________________________________________________________
h) Ikhuluma ngani le nkondlo? (2)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
i) Hlobo luni lwefanamsindo olutholakala kule nkondlo? (1)
________________________________________________________________
j) Caphuna umugqa oveza injabhamenti evulekile kule nkondlo. (1)
________________________________________________________________
k) Hlobo luni lwenzwa olutholakala kule nkondlo? (1)
________________________________________________________________
l) Thola incazelo yala magama alandelayo:
- inselelo (1)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
- khangwa (1)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
- okhokho (1)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
- ingcebo (1)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
- qukatha (qukethwe) (1)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

[20]

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 31. IZIFINYEZO – Abbreviations

Nkosazana - Nksz.

Nkosikazi - Nkz.

Mnumzane - Mnu.

Dokotela - Dkt.

Sitaladi - St.

Mongameli - Mong.

Ngqongqoshe - Ngq.

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Mfundisi - Mfu.

Isibonelo - Isib.

Njalonjalo - Njll.

Phrofessa - Phrof.

ISIQEPHU SAMASHUMI AMABILI NANYE

32. Iphepha Elidala

Isifundo Sokuqondisisa

UMBUZO 1

Funda lesi siqephu esingezansi bese uphendula imibuzo ebekiwe.

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 Zithathwe ku-Google

UTHANDO LUNGUMANQOBA
Luyini uthando? Uthando umuzwa ozenzekelayo enhliziyweni yomuntu. Ungaluzwa uthando lufika
nje unganakile, uzizwe sewuthanda omunye umuntu ngendlela eyisimanga. Uthando luyinto enhle
ngoba alukhethi bala, alukhethi bulili futhi alukhethi noma ngabe ukhubazekile. Uthando ngumuzwa
okhona phakathi kwabazali nabantwana, abangane, uwena uqobo, abantu nje jikelele kanye
noloMdali.

Lo muzwa uyisimanga ngoba uqeda ubutha bakhe uthando lapho kade lungekho khona. Omunye
wababhali abadumile emhlabeni wabhala uWilliam Shakespeare wabhala umdlalo wothando othi;
“Romeo and Juliet”. Abantu abaningi bafanele ukubuka uthando ngenye indlela emva kokubuka lo
mdlalo. Imindeni emibili eyizitha zeminyaka ihlanganiswa ngabantwana babo abathandane baze
bagcina ngokuzibulala ngenxa yokungemukeleki kothando lwabo.

Emuvini iFanie Fourie Lobola sifunda okunye okuningi ngothando. Lapha siyabona ukuthi uthando
alunabala. Uthando alukhethi ukuthi ucaphuna kusale noma udla imbuya ngothi. Insizwa yeBhunu
uFanie izithola ithanda intombi yomZulu uDinky. Uthando lwabo luba nezinkinga kakhulu. Izinkinga
azidalwa yibona kodwa zenziwa ngabantu abasezimpilweni zabo. Abazali babo bazama ngakho
konke okusemandleni ukubahlukanisa. Ekugcineni uFanie uyakwazi ukukhokha ilobolo elibizwe
nguDumisane ubaba kaDinky. Bagcina beshada futhi nemindeni yabo seyamekele ukuthi bafanele
ukushadana.

Lezi zindaba zombili zisikhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi uthando lunamandla. Ziyasikhombisa ukuthi
uthando lungumanqoba. Uthando ludalwe nguSomandla ngoba awuthandi umzimba noma ibala
lomuntu, awuthandi ukufunda kwakhe noma imali yakhe. Uma uthanda umuntu uthandana
nomphefumulo wakhe uqobo. Yebo uthando lungumanqoba futhi yilo kuphela olwenza kube
nokuthula phakathi kwabantu.

Indaba yokuziqambela

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Imibuzo:

1.1.1 Ngokwendaba luyini uthando? (1)

_________________________________________________________________________

1.1.2 Bala izinto ezintathu umbhali athi uthando luhle ngazo. (3)

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1.1.3 Uthando singaluthola ezindaweni ezihlukene. Zibhale zibe zine. (0.5x 4=2)

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1.1.4 Kungabe abantu bangazibulala ngenxa yothando? Sekela. (2)

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1.1.5 Chaza lezi zisho ezilandelayo:

(a) Ucaphuna kusale.

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

(b) Udla imbuya ngothi. (2)

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1.1.6 Obani abathandanayo emuvini iFanie Fourie Lobola? (1)

_________________________________________________________________________

1.1.7 Kubaluleke ngani ukuthandana kwabo? (2)

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

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 1.1.8 UMbhali ukholelwa ukuthi ubani odale uthando? (1)

_________________________________________________________________________

1.1.9 Uthando lunamandla. Sekela lesi sisho. (2)

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1.1.10 Bhala amagama amqondophika (antonyms) alawa alandelayo: (2)

(a) Inzondo

_________________________________________________________________________

(b) Ubutha

_________________________________________________________________________

1.1.11 Ngokwakho uthi luyini uthando. (2)

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

[20]

Ukuhunyushwa kwamagama:

Ukuthula Peace Yamukela Accept

Umuzwa Feeling Udla imbuya ngothi To be poor
Uthando Love Caphuna kusale To be rich
Inhliziyo Heart -zibulalana Kill each other
Nqoba Conquer Intombi Maiden
Khetha Choose Inkinga Problem
Isimanga Surprise Okusemandleni In your power
Khubazeka Disability Ilobolo Bride’s price
Qeda Finish/complete -shada Get married
-dumile Famous uSomandla God
-hlanganiswa Meet Umphefumulo Soul
Imindeni Family Ngokwakho Your opinion
-thandana In love with… Ngokwendaba According to the
story
Dala Create Utshani Grass
Umndeni Family Olwandle Beach
Libalele It is sunny Epaki At the park

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Liguqubele It is cloudy Kune Four
Izimbali Flowers Kunye One
Imoto Car Umakhelwane Neighbour
Umgwaqo Road Izinzipho Nails
Jwayela Familiar Imidlalo Sports
Qhakaza Bright Ndawonye Together

UMBUZO 2

Buka lesi sithombe bese uphendula imibuzo ezolandela

Sithathwe kuGoogle

2.1.1. Bangaki abantu abasesithombeni C. Bhala impendulo ngesiZulu. (1)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.1.2. Bakuphi abantu abasesithombeni B? (1)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.1.3. Wenzani umfana osesithombeni A? (1)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

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2.1.4. Linjani izulu esithombeni B? Nikeza isizathu. (3)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.1.5. Iphetheni intombazane esethombeni A? (1)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.1.6. Kukhonani emva komfana esithombeni A. Nikeza okubili. (2)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.1.7. Bhala igama elichaza abantu abasesithombeni C. (1)

________________________________________________________________________________________________
[10]

AMAMAKI ESIQEPHU A: 30

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 33. UKUFINGQA (SUMMARY WRITING)

 Funda le ndaba elandelayo bese uyayifingqa (write a summary) ngayo.

 Sebenzisa amagama angama-50 kuya kwangama-60
 Sebenzisa amagama akho ukubhala lo msebenzi (you are writing as a third
person).
 Bhala imisho emihlanu.
 Bhala inani lamagama (a number of words used) asebenzile ekugcineni.

U-Alexa noBrittany bangabangane abakhulu. Baqala ubungane

babo mhla uBrittany ezohlala kwamakhelwane wakubo ka-Alexa
eNorthcliff, eGoli. Bahlala bendawonye esikoleni. Uma
kuyisikhathi sekhefu, badla ukudla ndawonye. Bangabantu
abangafani. U-Alexa uphasa kahle esikoleni, uthanda ukufunda
izincwadi futhi udansa umdanso we-ballet. UBrittany yena
uthanda ukudlala ibhola, ukudlala ngekhompyutha nokuxoxa
nabantu kanti futhi akakuthandi ukufunda amabhuku.

U-Alexa noBrittany bayathanda ukudlala epaki engakubo. Le paki ingaphesheya komgwaqo

wasemakubo. Uma lina izulu, bayathanda ukuhlala endlini badwebe futhi bazakhele ubuhlalu.
Bayathanda ukudlala i-xbox ne-play station. Kwesinye isikhathi benzana izinzipho zabo. Bayazwana
kakhulu futhi abajwayele ukuxabana.

Uma kungamaholidi bajwayele ukuvakashela izindawo ezifanayo.

Ngamaholidi kaDisemba kade bevakashele eHong Kong. Babuye bejabule
kakhulu. Bashutha izithombe eziningi navidiyo. Bathenga izimpahla eziningi
kakhulu kanye neminye imidlalo yekhompyutha. U-Alexa yena wathenga
namabhuku amaningi okufunda kanti uBrittany wabuya nemidlalo yebhola
yekhompyutha eminingi.
U-Alexa noBrittany bathi bafuna ukuba nekusasa eliqhakazile. U-Alexa uthi
ufuna ukufundela ubudokotela. Uthanda ukulapha abantu abaphathwa isifo somdlavuza ngoba
nomkhulu wakhe wabulawa iwona. UBrittany yena ufuna ukufundela ukufaka amakhompyutha ulwazi.

123
Bobabili bathanda ukufunda eCanada.

AMAMAKI ALESI SIQEPHU = 10

UHLELO NOKUSETSHENZISWA KOLIMI

UMBUZO 4

4.1. Nciphisa amagama adwetshelwe kuphela.

Kanje: ubhatata - ubhatatshana

Sithathwe kuGoogle

UNompumelelo 4.1.1 yintombazane yase Thekwini. 4.1.2 Uyithanda kabi imoto

kanina. Uma ethola 4.1.3. isikhathi uye adlale emnyango.Ubaba wakhe uthanda
4.1.4.umculo opholile. UNompumelelo ubuye abambe itoho esitolo sikayise
ukuze athole 4.1.5 imali yakhe . UNompumelelo une 4.1.6 kati ekhaya. Udlala
nalo kanye ne 4.1.7 ngane yakubo. (7)

(a) ___________________________________ (b) ____________________________________

(c) ___________________________________ (d) ____________________________________

(e) ___________________________________ (f) _____________________________________

(g) ___________________________________

4.2. Sebenzisa isabizwana soqobo esikhundleni sebizo elidwetshelwe.

Kanje: Ubaba ushayela amabhasi. - Yena ushayela amabhasi.

4.2.1 UNompumelelo uthanda izingubo ezinhle. ______________________________ (1)

4.2.2 Umkhulu kaNompumelelo usebenza esitolo. ____________________________ (1)

4.2.3 Abantu bakhonzile umkhulu Cele endaweni. ____________________________ (1)

4.3. Guqula igama elikubakaki (brackets) libe undaweni.

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 Kanje: Uthisha ufundisa abafundi (ikilasi). - ekilasini

4.3.1. Kukhona abafundi (imoto). ________________________________ (1)

4.3.2. Omama bayobona ubaba (isibhedlela). _______________________________ (1)

4.3.3. Kukhona ukudla (ibhodwe). _______________________________ (1)

4.3.4. Kubuhlungu (unyawo). _______________________________ (1)

4.3.5. Siya (ikhaya). _______________________________ (1)

[15]

UMBUZO 5

5.1 Funda lesi siqeshana bese uphendula imibuzo elandelayo:

Kusize ama-generator kuphela ugesi eHillcrest lapho kade kunomcimbi omkhulu womculo wokholo
uBenjamin Dube ngoMgqibelo ebusuku. Ugesi uphele iHillcrest yonke ngenxa yokunqanyulwa
kukagesi okwenziwa yinkampani ka-Eskom. Nokho abuphelanga ubumnandi ngoba kusetshenziswe
igenerator ukuze abathameli balo mcimbi bazitike ngobumnandi balo mculo wokholo.
Bhala izibonelo zalezi zingcezu zenkulumo (parts of speech) uzithathe kulesi siqephu
esingenhla:

5.1.1 Ibizo _______________________________________________________

5.1.2 Undaweni _______________________________________________________

5.1.3 Inkathi (tense) _______________________________________________________

5.1.4 Ibizo-qho _______________________________________________________

5.1.5 Isiphawulo _______________________________________________________

(5)

5.2 Nikeza amagama amqondophika (opposites) wamagama agqamile alandelayo.

Kanje: Isalukazi sihola impesheni. - Ikhehla lihola impesheni

5.2.1 Umama uthanda ukusebenza kakhulu.

_______________________________________________________________________________

5.2.2 Kushisa kakhulu namhlanje.

_______________________________________________________________________________

5.2.3 ULebo mude kunoJames.

_______________________________________________________________________________(5)

UMBUZO 6

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6.1 Bhala lokhu okulandelayo ngesiZulu esiqondile:

6.1.1 14 ____________________________________________________________________

6.1.2 UFebhuwari ____________________________________________________________

6.2 Phendula le misho ibe yimibuzo.

Kanje: Uzogibela ibhanoyi ekuseni. - Uzoligibela nini ibhanoyi?

6.2.1 Uzobhala ukuhlolwa kwelayisensi yakhe ngoMbasa uJade.

___________________________________________________________________________________

6.2.2 Uzohamba ngebhanoyi ukuya eGoli uSandile.

___________________________________________________________________________________

6.3 Qala lo musho njengoba ukhonjisiwe: Umama uya kobuka uBenjamin Dube.

Kusasa ______________________________________________________________________________

(5)

AMAMAKI ESIQEPHU = 30

IPHAZELA - Ulwazimagama

126
Thola amagama angezansi kwiphazela. Abhalwe ngesiZulu.

Soccer Drawing Tennis Art

Cricket Choir Rugby Sewing

Running Piano Swimming Guitar

Athletics Drums Music Golf

Netball Cycling Bicycle Volleyball

Basketball Referee Linesman

127
ISIQEPHU SAMASHUMI AMABILI NAMBILI

34. Ukufunda Indaba

Funda le ndaba elandelayo.

Umusa Awukhokhelwa Indaba icashunwe ku-Nal’ibali

Emzini othile okude, kwakunomfana ohlupheke kakhulu owayehlala khona

owayelusa izimvu ukuze ondle umndeni wakubo. Njalo wayehlala enomusa futhi
ewusizo komakhelwane bakhe futhi eyisibusiso kugogo nomkhulu wakhe
abamkhulisa kusukela engumfanyana omncane. Igama lakhe kwakunguThabo futhi
wayethandwa yibo bonke abantu. “Hawu! Ngiyabonga, Thabo, ngokuyongithengela
isinkwa,” kusho uNkk. Abbas. “Wuthathe ushintshi.”

Kodwa uThabo wayazi ukuthi uNkk. Abbas wayedinga isenti ngalinye emalini anayo.
“Kulungile, Mam’uAbbas,” esho, emamatheka. “Umusa awukhokhelwa.” Ngolunye
usuku, umnikazi wepulazi uThabo ayemsebenzela, wafika ekhaya nomshana wakhe
uSimphiwe. USimphiwe wayegqoke izimpahla ezinhle futhi esikhuluma kahle

128
isiNgisi. “Thabo, woza uzobingelela uSimphiwe,” kusho umnikazi wepulazi.
“USimphiwe uhlala edolobheni kodwa usivakashele okwesikhashana. Ngithemba
ukuthi nina nobabili nizozwana futhi nibe ngabangane.” UThabo wajabula
ukuhlangana nomuntu ongangaye. Wayenethemba lokuthi, bazoba ngabangane
abakhulu. Kodwa injabulo kaThabo ngokushesha yaphenduka indumalo. Kwacaca
ukuthi, uSimphiwe wayeluhlaza futhi ezikhukhumeza. Wayengamhloniphi umalume
wakhe kanye nazo zonke izisebenzi zasepulazini. “Laba bantu bayisidala,” kusho
uSimphiwe, efa insini ehleka amadoda ayeya emsebenzini futhi ebuyela ekhaya
egibele izinqola zezimbongolo. “Kungani nje kunabantu abakhetha ukuzohlala lapha
esigangeni?” USimphiwe wenqaba ngisho nokusiza ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke
yasepulazini. “Mina ngiyisifundiswa. Ucabanga ukuthi ngifundela nje ukwenza
imisetshenzana engasile? Akukho msebenzi engizowenza lapha!” Kunokuba asize,
uSimphiwe wachitha izinsuku zakhe ezihlalele ngaphansi kwesihlahla, enqaba
ukusiza ukulungiselela ukudla kwasekuseni noma ilantshi noma ukwenza nanoma
yimuphi umsebenzi. UThabo wadumala kakhulu ngokuthi umfana ongangaye
wayeyivila kangaka futhi engenamusa. “Ngifunda esikoleni sendawo. Lapho
sifundiswa ukubaluleka kokubonisa umusa nokuzikhandla. USimphiwe akakazifundi
lezi zinto eziyisisekelo,” kucabanga uThabo. “Uyisilima ngokucabanga ukuthi
kuzomhambela kahle ekuphileni uma eqhuba kanje.” Ngolunye usuku, uSimphiwe
wayebhorekile futhi wanquma ukuthi wayengathanda ukuthi ake ayohambahamba
ehlathini eliseduze nasepulazini. Bonke abantu bamxwayisa ngokuthi kuyingozi
lokho, ngoba kwakunezinja ezizulazulayo ezazihlala ehlathini. Zazihlala zilambile
futhi zingenabungane neze! Kodwa uSimphiwe wamane wahleka. “Nazini nina?”
esho ngokudelela. “Ngihlakaniphe kabi mina ngiyakwazi ukuzinakekela.” UThabo
wayehambe nomnikazi wepulazi beyothenga izinto ezazidingeka. Lapho ebuya,
izisebenzi zamtshela ukuthi uSimphiwe wayenqume ukuyohambahamba ehlathini
eyedwa. Ngokushesha uThabo wathatha induku nebhokisi likamentshisi futhi
wagijima eyofuna uSimphiwe. “Akazi ukuthi usengozini engakanani,” uThabo
ekhuluma yedwa kuyilapho edabula ehlathini ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
“Bashilo abanye ukuthi ngimyeke lo mfana oluhlaza wasedolobheni ukuba afunde
isifundo, kodwa angifuni kwenzeke into embi kuSimphiwe. Kuzoba sekumnyama
khona manje, futhi ihlathi liyingozi kabi, ikakhulukazi emfaneni onjengoSimphiwe
ongakaze aphume edolobheni ngaphambili.” Kwase kuyisikhathi eside uThabo
emcinga lapho ngokuphazima kweso ezwa ukumemeza okwamethusa. Wagijima
129
waya ngalapho ukumemeza kwakuvela ngakhona futhi wabona uSimphiwe
ezungezwe ngumhlambi wezinja ezizulazulayo. Izinja zazimkhiphele amazinyo azo
acijile futhi sezilungele ukumluma.

UThabo kwadingeka acabange ngokushesha. Wakhanyisa induku ayeze nayo futhi

waxosha izinja.

Okwesikhashana, izinja zazibhavuma zisafuna ukubahlasela abafana, kodwa

ekugcineni zajika zahamba. USimphiwe wayeqhaqhazela wuvalo. Iqakala lakhe
laligudlukile lapho ezama ukubalekela izinja futhi wayexhuga ezwa ubuhlungu.
UThabo wayenamandla ngenxa yawo wonke umsebenzi ayewenza epulazini,
ngakho wathwala uSimphiwe indlela yonke babuyela epulazini. USimphiwe
walulama ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, kodwa kukhona okwakuhlukile ngaye.
Wayenomusa kakhudlwana futhi engasaqhoshi njengakuqala. Wayengasakhulumi
kakhulu futhi emhlonipha kakhudlwana umalume wakhe nazo zonke izisebenzi.
Lapho ebona uThabo, wambonga ngokusindisa impilo yakhe futhi wamnika iselula
yakhe njengesibonakaliso sokumbonga, kodwa uThabo wenqaba ukwamukela lesi
sipho. Wamane nje wamamatheka futhi wathi, “Umusa awukhokhelwa,” futhi
waqhubeka nokuhlanza inqola yezimbongolo. Yenza indaba ihlabe umxhwele!
Dweba umfanekiso ukuze ubonise le ngxenye yendaba: Bonke abantu bamxwayisa

130
 ngokuthi kuyingozi lokho, ngoba kwakunezinja ezizulazulayo ezazihlala ehlathini.
Zazihlala zilambile futhi zingenabungane neze! Kodwa uSimphiwe wamane wahleka.

Bhala uhla lwamgama amasha bese uyawahumusha ngesiNgisi. Sebenzisa la

magama owabhalile emishweni ozakhele yona.

IGAMA ELISHA HUMUSHA UMUSHO

Uhla list Bhala uhla lwezinto ezishodayo ekhishini.

131
Fingqa le ndaba engenhla. Landela le miyalelo engezansi:

 Bhala imisho emihlanu.

 Sebenzisa amagama akho, hhayi awombhali.
 Ukufingqa kwakho le ndaba makube ngamagama aphakathi kwangama-50
kuya kwangama-60.
 Zibuze imibuzo emihlanu (5) ebalulekile uma ubhala ukufingqa ngaphambi
kokubhala umsebenzi wakho.
 Bhala umbhalo wokuqala (draft) ngaphambi kokubhala owokugcina.

Umbhalo wokuqala

132
 Umbhalo wokugcina

133
ISIQEPHU SAMASHUMI AMABILI NANTATHU

35. Ukuhluzwa Kwemibhalo

Imigomo Yendaba Emfishane

Isihloko (Topic)

Isihloko yiso esisinika isithombe sokuthi indaba emfushane imayelana nani.

Siyafundwa bese kuxoxwa ngaso nekilasi kafushane ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe
ukufunda indaba. Ekugcineni kuphinde kucutshungulwe ukuthi isihloko
siyahambelana yini nendaba.

Abalingiswa (Characters)

Abalingiswa akufanele badlule kwabahlanu endabeni emfishane.

 Munye umlingiswa oba semqoka (important) endabeni enfishane.

 Kuba khona inkinga eyodwa (one problem) abhekana nay obese siyalandela
uma isimshuka.
 Lo mlingiswa kufanele abe khona indaba iqala ize iyophela.

Isigameko

Indaba emfushane ibambelela esigamekweni esisodwa. Kuba khona udweshu

olungaphakathi (internal conflict) oluholela odweshini lwangaphandle (external
conflict). Indaba iyaba novuthondaba (climax) olulandelwa upholavuthondaba (anti-
climax).

Indikimba (Theme)

Indikimba iqukethwe yindaba yonke. Indikimba yile othi uma ufunda indaba uthole
ukuthi ikhuluma ngani. Indikimba kungaba ubudlelwane (relationships), ubugebengu
(crime), izinkinga zomphakathi, njalo njalo.

Isiphetho

Isiphetho sendaba emfushane kufanele kube yinto engalindelekile. Siyaba

yingwijikhwebu (twist of tale).

Isizinda (Setting)

134
Lapha sibheka ukuthi indaba yenzeka kuphi? (where?), nini? (when?) futhi kanjani?
(how?). indaba emfushane ayifanele ukugcogcoma kodwa kumele yenzeke
endaweni eyodwa. Konke okwenzeka kuyo kufanele ukwenzeka isikhathi
esifushane; i.e. usuku, noma iviki kuya enyangeni. Ifanele ukuveza isimo senhlalo
sabalingiswa. Isimo singaqala kumnandi kukuhle siye sishintsha kugcine sekukubi.

Uvezwa kanjani umlingiswa endabeni?

 Umlingiswa uvezwa yigama aqanjwe lona ngumbhali wendaba.

 Umlingiswa uvezwa yindawo esimthola ekuyo.
 Umlingiswa uvezwa yilokho akushoyo yena ngomlomo wakhe.
 Umlingiswa uvezwa okushiwoyo ngabanye abalingiswa ngaye.
 Uphinde avezwe yizenzo zakhe.
 Uyavezwa futhi echazwa ngumbhali wendaba uqobo lwakhe.

135
 36. IZITHAKAZELO

Cishe zonke izizwe ezimnyama zase-Afrika zinazo izithakazelo. Izithakazelo zakhiwa

ngamagama amaqhawe alowo mndeni waleso sibongo kanye nezehlakalo zakhona.
Emandulo sasingabalulekile kangako isibongo. Umuntu ubaziwa ngegama lakhe
lokuqala kanye noyise (father) omzalayo emva kwegama. Inkosi uShaka Zulu
wayebizwa ngokuthi uShaka kaSenzangakhona ngoba ubaba wakhe kwabe
kunguSenzangakhona. Kuthe uma uhulumeni wengcindezelo (apartheid)
eseshintsha izinto abantu barejista eMnyangweni Wezasekhaya (Home Affairs)
kwase kwanda izibongo.

Ezami izithakazelo ziqala kubaba wami ongizalayo kukhuphuke njalo kuze kuyofika
kumqali wesibongo sakithi. Njengoba mina ngingokaNkosi nje, ezami zihamba kanje:

Mina nginguMaNkosi kaThambo, kaMcenteni, kaSitimela, kaKhushwayo

kaDumendlini. UNdlangamandla Siwela Nkonyana yenkosi, Mphazima kaLanga
ubungakanani ngoba nasesandleni uyenela, Mawandla kaNdlela, Mntungwa!

Ake ubuke nazi izithakazelo ezimbalwa (few) ezilandelayo:

Bhengu – Zindela Khumalo – Mzilikazi kaMashobane

Cele – Makhumbuza
Dladla – Mgabadeli, Mphembe
Dlamini – Mzizi, Jama (abanye oSibalukhulu)
Buthelezi – Shenge, Mnyamana, Ngqengelele
Mkhwanazi – Ndonga, Spheshu
Myeni – Mnguni Mzimela
Makhathini – Gxabhashe
Gumede – Yeyeye, Mnguni, Bayeni
Mabaso – Mbulazi, Mntungwa
Ngcobo – Mapholoba, Fuze
Mkhize – Khabazela, Ngunezi, Gcwabe
Sithole – Mondise, Jobe kaMatshana
Hadebe – Mthimkhulu, Makhulukhulu
Mchunu – Macingwane, Ngqulunga
Zulu – Ndabezitha, Mageba
Zungu – Gcwabini, Sengwayo
Zuma – Nxamalala, Msholozi
Msomi – Meyiwa, Nomndayi
Ngwenya – Mtimande, Bhambolunye
Mzobe – Walawala, Nongoza omuhle
Mtshali – Hlabangane, Magalela
Mbuyazi – bonambi, Ngiba kaNomagama
Zama – Gcugcwa, Wosiyane
Cebekhulu – Gobeni, Nsele
Ndlovu – Gatsheni, Boyabenyathi
Mkhonza – Mhlungwane, Malobisa
Madlala – Sishi, Hlokohloko
Nxumalo – Zwide kaLanga, Ndwandwe

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 37. IZAGA (Proverbs)

Izaga ziveza amaqiniso aziyona imibono. Uma kubhalwa isaga inkathi (tense) yaso
ayishintshi. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa (few) zezaga nezincazelo zazo:

Uphakathi komhlane nembeleko

“He is between the back and the sack (that carries a child on the back)” or as I was
taught by my grandmother, “He or she is on a fat pig’s back”.

Wonderful saying which clearly explains the comforts that are enjoyed by some
people who often do not appreciate what they have.

Ikhotha eyikhothayo engayikhothi iyayikhahlela

“The cow licks one that licks her” or as I often say, “You scratch my back, and I will
scratch yours”.

Not practiced by many people in this day and age. A favour for a favour seems long
gone, blown out with the wind, and taken across to an uninhabited land. A land
where egos thrive, and souls die.

Uchakide uhlolile imamba yalukile

“When the cat is away the mice will play”.

Easy one and so classically true among all races and cultures and often seems to
involve our children. Growing up in the Zululand town of Empangeni allowed our
generation freedom and we all quickly learnt about the cat going away.

Uncukubili njengempisi

“You are two-coloured like a hyena”.

You say different things to different people and don’t behave honestly. No saying
could be closer to the truth as we all say things to please others even if it is contrary
to our beliefs and value system.

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Ingwe ikhotha amabala ayo amhlope namnyama.

“The leopard licks both its black and white spots”.

In Zulu culture this implies that justice should be dealt with fairly by all those in
positions of leadership and authority.

Impungushe kayivalelwa nezimvu

“The jackal is not kept on the same kraal with the sheep”.

A warning or caution that is not too clever or wise to put things or people that should
be separated. A similar saying in English would be “don’t add fuel to fire” or “birds of
a feather stick together”.

Nala kungekho qhude liyasa.

“Even when the rooster is not present, day dawns”.

When a person thinks they are so important nothing else matters or exists, someone
with a narcissistic approach to life. In English we say “no man is an island” or “6 feet
of earth make all men equal”.

Unebhungan’ ekhanda.

“He has a beetle in his head”.

No, it is not someone with a hangover and might think the feeling is like a VW parked
in their skull. The expression is for someone who behaves strangely. In simple
language the person is nuts or “Mad as a hatter”.

Akunyoka yakhohlwa ngumgodi wayo.

“There is no snake that forgets its home”.

There are no sinister attributes to this saying because the subject matter is a snake.
A similar proverb in English is “East or West home is best” and “home is where the
heart is”.

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Ikhiwane elihle ligcwala izibungu.

“The nice fig is often full of worms”.

This proverb cautions us that the external attractive characteristics of something or

someone is not always a good indication of its true nature. In English we say “Don’t
judge a book by its cover” and the well-known “all that glitters is not gold”.

Uthand’ alukhethi ludwan’ oluwela kulona

Love does not choose the blade of grass on which it falls. The English say that “love
is blind.”

Akukho muz’ ungathunqi ntuthu

There is no homestead where smoke doesn’t issue. Smoke represents quarrelling,

and so the proverb means that every home has its quarrels.

Inkunzi isematholeni

The bull is among calves.

Wordsworth said that “the child is father to the man”, but his English stiffness doesn’t
hit as close to the mark as the pastoral imagery of the amaZulu.

Angigeqa amagula ngiyemuka yini?

Am I then going away that I should empty the calabashes?

In a roundabout way (involving amasi, of course) what this means is basically “do
you want to empty me of all stories as though you were never going to see me
again?”

Into yomuntu ngumhluzi wempisi

A thing belonging to someone else is hyena gravy. According to Nyembezi,

There is a legend which relates to this expression. The story goes that once upon a
time the people of a certain village killed a hyena and cooked it. The gravy they
mixed with the uphoko meal to make it thick. To their great amazement, however,
the gravy would not thicken. More meal was added, but the gravy remained as
watery as before. When the people had wasted much of their meal with no success,
they realized that the gravy of a hyena was useless. Some people state that the

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expression is derived from the fact that a hyena is not eaten. Its gravy, therefore,
would be of no use to anyone.

What this means is that another person’s possession, when borrowed, is as much
use as hyena gravy because it can be recalled at any moment.

Ayikhab’ izibay’ ezimbili

The cow doesn’t kick in two kraals.

What that means is that a man is only master in his own home, and a woman is only
mistress in her own home too.

Ubucu obuhle buhamba ngabubili

Good waxbills travel in pairs.

Amathe abuyele kwasifuba

The saliva has gone back to the chest.

This is equivalent to the English “he was made to swallow his words”.

Kwehlukana inhloko nesixhanti

The head is separating from the neck and ribs.

When a beast is slaughtered, the various parts are divided up – the head usually
goes with the neck and the ribs, but the head itself is specially for the men and so
must also be cut away, leaving the isixhanti behind. This expression is used when a
final decision is being made in a dispute – because the cut has been made.

Amaqili awakhelani

The cunning does not build next to one another.

It falls under Nyembezi’s classificiation of Ukwethembeka nokungathembeki –

Honesty and Dishonesty.

Ubuqili – Cunning. First, let’s unpack what ubuqili is.

I(li)qili (plural amaqili) is a cunning person. More specifically, according to Vilakazi

and Doke, “a clever, cunning or crafty person”. It gives rise to an essential noun,
ubuqili, which means “cleverness, cunning, craftiness or trickery”, offering the

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synonyms ubungqa and ubungqo. It also has a denominative verb, ukuqiliza,
meaning “to be cunning, play tricks, or act craftily”. But it’s not only that the cunning
doesn’t make good neighbours, they also don’t engage in trade with one another,
and they don’t sleep in the same room. Amaqili awathengani and amaqili kalali
ndlininye express these exact phrases. So basically, they’re incompatible with each
other.

Ameva ayabangulana

Thorns remove each other.

In English, the expression is “send a thief to catch a thief” or even “fight fire with
fire”. In isiZulu, the idea is based around a perennial problem – what to do when one
has trodden on a wickedly long acacia thorn. Before cunningly crafted metal
tweezers, people would apparently carry thorns around with them in order to do a
similar job. Apparently, nothing was better for removing thorns than another thorn. So
too with the cunning tricksters – they can only be defeated by one of their own kind.

Ziningi kodwa ake sigcine la.

38. IZISHO (Idioms)

Ukuthunga intebe: Ukwenza into engasoze yaphumelela; To do something that will

never succeed.

Ukuzalelwa esithebeni: Ukuzalwa ngabazali abami kahle, ungasweli lutho; To be

born into a rich family and hardly ever want for anything.

Ukuphind’ iminyane isibhuliwe: Angikwazi ukukhuluma udaba

oselukhulunyiwe; To refuse to repeat what has been discussed already.

Ukudl’ imbuya ngothi: Ukuswela ukudla, umuntu ophila kalusizi; To be poverty

stricken.
Ukuhlub’ dlubu ekhasini: Ukuchaza ingcaca ubeke izinto obala; To explain
something that is very clear and obvious.

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Uthinte ubhece esafinya: Ukuba hlwempu, uyisilambi; To be poor.
Ukwanda ngomlomo njengebhenge: Ukukhuluma kakhulu kanti ukwenza
kuyakwehlula; To have a lot to say but take little action.

Ukushaya ngemfe iphindiwe: Ukuhlohla noma ukuyenga umuntu, noma ukumenza

ezibukwayo; To deal with a person severely.

Ukuthukusela [umuntu] ugaba othuthwini: Ukufihlela umuntu iqiniso bese

umvezela engasalindele; To hide the truth from someone and only reveal it when
they have forgotten about it or least expect it.

Ukufihl’ induku emqubeni: Ukufihla isu noma into ozomangaza ngayo unqobe; To
surprise.

Ukuthela muva njengembumba: Ukunganakwa noma ubeka iseluleko okumele

silandelwe baze bazisole kamuva ukuthi ukuba bebekulalele ngabe ububi
abuvelanga; Doing something without a positive outcome.

Ukukhamel’ ikhambi ekhanda: Ukuphatha ngesihluku nonya, ukufundisa umuntu

isifundo angena kusilibala; To teach someone a lesson they will never forget.

Ukutheza olunenkume: Ukuzilandela inkathazo; To attract bad things to yourself.

Ukumuka ngendle njengamabele: Ukunyamalala, ukuhamba ungavalelisi; To

disappear without a trace and not even say goodbye.

Ukuthezela entanjeni: Ukuzilinganisela noma ukwenza into engangamandla

akho; To do what your strength can carry.

Ukushisela imbudle: Ukufaka umuntu enkathazweni; To make another person to

worry.

Ukugaya izibozi: Ukuthukuthela kakhulu; To be furious.

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 Ukuba nhlangazimuka nomoya: Ukungabikho kosizo, isimo esibucayi
siyabhebhetheka; Things going from bad to worse.

Ukushiy’ induk’ ebandla: Ukuzala umntwana oyosala wena sewafa noma ukubeka
iqhaza kokwenziwayo; Leaving a good mark behind for people to follow your good
example.

Ukuncind’ uthi lomkhangala: Ukulandelwa amashwa; Being followed by bad luck

everywhere you go.

Ukuthint’ ukhuni lombangandlala: Ukwenza into engenampumelelo, ukubuya

ulambatha, ukuzifaka enkingeni; When you give advice to people and they don’t
listen or pay attention to you until something bad happens, then they regret not
listening.

Qondanisa lezi zaga nezisho.

Izimo zokukhuluma
Isala kutshelwa sibona ngomopho.
Bayinja nekati.
Udla izambane likapondo.
Bangamathe nolimi.
Ukhamba lufuze imbiza.
Uqhuba imbuzi yakhe yedwa.
Usifumbu ubona uqhaqhazela.
Inkomo ingazala umuntu.
Usenga ezimithiyo.
Ukugana unwabo.
Amathe abuyela kwasifuba.
Lingawa licoshwe zinkukhu.
Inkunzi isematholeni
Impendulo Incazelo
(a) Bayathandana
(b) Uqamba amanga
(c) Uphuze utshwala kakhulu/udakiwe
(d) Ubona amaphutha abanye kodwa naye
unawakhe.
(e) Bayizitha
(f) Umholi utholakala entsheni.
(g) Unemali eningi/uyisicebi
(h) Ukuphelelwa ngamazwi.
(i) Ngeke kwenzeke loko.
(j) Unezenzo ezifana nezomzali wakhe.
(k) Ngeke kwenzeke lokho.
(l) Uma ungalaleli uzowuthola umvuzo.
(m) Ukudinwa/ukucasuka kakhulu.

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 IZISHO

A IMPENDULO B
1. Ukudla ingevu. (a) Ukukhulelwa
2. Ukufaka isandla. (b) Ukukhetha ngolaka.
3. Ukuncela isithupha. (c) Ukukwelekelela
4. Ukubamba isisu. (d) Ukuxoxa
5. Ukudla luhlaza. (e) Ukuswela

Khetha impendulo kulolu luhla lwamagama alandelayo bese ulibhala lapho lifanele
khona:

Isishozi, uthunjana, igagu, intandane, isoka, isigwadi, impumputhe, ixoki, inyanga, isiphiwo, indoni
yamanzi, izibulo, amawele, uzinyobulala, uphuma langa sikothe, isithulu, isimungulu, isela, ibhimbi,
isichaka, ihlongandlebe, inkosana, inkosazana, inswelaboya, abakhongi

1. Umuntu ongaboni emehlweni.

____________________________________________________________________________
2. Indawo okudlalela kuyo izulu/umbani njalo.
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Umfana ongathandwa/ongenazo izintombi.
____________________________________________________________________________
4. Ingane ezalwe kuqala kubo.
____________________________________________________________________________
5. Umuntu ongezwa emadlebeni.
__________________________________________________________________________
6. Abantwana abazelwe ngumama munye ngosuku olulodwa.
__________________________________________________________________________
7. Umuntu ongakwazi ukukhuluma.
__________________________________________________________________________
8. Ingane ezelwe iyodwa kwabo.
__________________________________________________________________________
9. Umfana othandwa izintombi eziningi/ oqonywa kakhulu.
__________________________________________________________________________

10. Umuntu ocula kahle.

__________________________________________________________________________
11. Umuntu ozalwe enebala elimhlophe.
_________________________________________________________________________
12. Ingane ezalwe kugcina kubo.
_________________________________________________________________________

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 13. Ingane eshonelwe ngabazali.
_________________________________________________________________________
14. Intombi enebala elinsundu (dark complexion) futhi enhle.
_________________________________________________________________________
15. Intombi enebala elikhanyayo (light in complexion) futhi enhle.
________________________________________________________________________
16. Umuntu okhuluma izinto ezingamanga kubantu ngenhloso yokuxabanisa.
________________________________________________________________________
17. Umuntu owelapha abantu ngamakhambi.
_______________________________________________________________________
18. Amadoda athunywa ukuba ayolobola.
________________________________________________________________________
19. Umuntu ontshontshayo loku okudlulele futhi ongakhuzeki.
________________________________________________________________________
20. Umuntu ohluphekayo, oweswele.
________________________________________________________________________
21. Umuntu ongakwazi ukubeka kahle inkulumo.
_________________________________________________________________________
22. Umfana omdala ekhaya kubo.
_________________________________________________________________________
23. Intombazane endala ekhaya kubo.
_________________________________________________________________________
24. Umuntu ongalaleli noma ekhazwa.
_________________________________________________________________________

39. OMABIZWAFANE (Homonyms)

AMAGAMA INCAZELO IMISHO

Ukuceba ukuba nemali/
ukuhlala umuntu
Ukuhloma ukuthatha izikhali
ukufaka into phansi
ukuguqubala kwezulu
ukunuka ukusukela umuntu
iphunga elibi/-hle
Ukusinda ukuba ngcono
isisindo

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 ukugcoba ubulongo phansi
inyoni endizayo
ukuthuka komntwana
indlala ukulamba
isicubu somzimba
ikhasi ikhasi lesitshalo
ikhasi lebhuku
umuthi isihlahla
ophuzwa uma ugula
inyanga esesibhakabhakeni
emva kwamasonto amane
eyelaphayo
izimvu izinwele ezimhlophe
izilwane
ibala igceke
ichashaza
ithanga isitho somzimba
elidliwayo
imbiza isitsha sokufala amanzi
umuthi
isibindi ukungesabi
inyama
ilanga usuku
elikhanya esibhakabhakeni

40. OMQONDOFANA (Synonyms)

Humusha/ Sebenzise emushweni wakho

Isihlahla umuthi
usuku ilanga
isitulo isihlalo
jabula thokoza

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umnyango isicabha
ixoxo iselesele
ifasitela iwindi
unesi umhlengikazi
umncintiswano umqhudelwano
iculo ingoma
ncokola dlala
isonto iviki
isangoma isanusi
incwadi ibhuku
ikhehla ixhegu
isikhiye isihluthulelo
umfowethu ubhuti
udadewethu usisi
umakoti umalokazana
ugogo ukhulu
ingubo ilokwe

UKUBUKEZA - REVISION

1. Khetha impendulo (choose the correct answer by circling around the letter) kulezi
ozinikeziwe.

1.1.1 People are blocking your way, you want to pass.

a) Ngicela ukudla

b) Sukani phambi kwami

c) Ngicela ukudlula.

1.1.2 Your mother bought you new shoes.

a) Mina angazi

b) Ngiyabonga mama.

c) Kulungile mama

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1.1.3 To ask permission to go to the toilet you say:
a) Ngicela itoilet

b) Ngicela ukuya endlini encane.

c) Ngicela hamba toilet

1.1.4 Your brother is leaving for school you say to him:

a) Sala kahle

b) Hambani kahle

c) Hamba kahle

1.1.5 When your teacher greets you, you respond by saying:

a) Yebo sawubona

b) Yebo sanibonani bothisha

c) Yebo sawubona thisha

1.1.6 You meet these old men as old as your grandfather in

town and you greet them by saying:

a) Sawubona umkhulu

b) Sanibonani bomkhulu

c) Sawubona mkhulu.

1.1.7 You want to ask someone his/her name you say:

a) Ningubani igama lakho

b) Ningobani amagama enu

c) Ungubani igama lakho

1.1.8 You want to know where your friend lives, how do you ask her?
a) Ushlaphi?

b) Uhlala kuphi wena?/Uhlalaphi wena?

c) Nihlala kuphi?

1.1.9 You want to tell your friend that you love her.
a) Mina thanda wena umngani.

b) Ngiyakuthanda mngani wami.

c) Wena uthanda mina umngani.

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1.1.10You want to go to drink water, how do you ask your teacher?

a) Ngicela amanzi

b) Ngicela ukuyophuza amanzi thisha.

c) Thisha ngiphuzise amanzi. [10]

1.2 Bhala izivumelwano (concords) zamagama akubakaki (words in brackets). Your

sentences must be in the present continuous tense. Please remember to apply both
subject and object concords. Rule: cyacverb
Isibonelo: Izinja –luma umntwana

Izinja ziyamluma umntwana.

Please note: object concords exceptions: a-wa, u-wu, u-m,i-yi

1.2.1 Isisu siyamluma) umfana. 1½

1.2.2 Abathakathi (bayazibulala) izivakashi 1½
1.2.3 Ubuvila (buyasibulala) isizwe. 1½
1.2.4 Intombazane (iyawuphuza) umhluzi. 1½
1.2.5 Abafana (bayawathanda) amantombazane. 1½
1.2.6 Intombazane (iyayibeletha) ingane 1½
[9]

2.1 Humusha (translate) le misho elandelayo in IsiZulu.

2.1.1 My mother bakes a nice cake.
2.1.2 The man chops the wood.
2.1.3 The boy plays the ball.

2.1.4 The girls like to watch a movie.

2.1.5 My brother loves to play rugby.
Gcwalisa ngombala ofanele ( write colour ) ngesiZulu. Write the answer only.

2.2.1 Umama ugqoke ijazi eli(red)

2.2.2 Abafana badlala ngebhola eli(black)
2.2.3 Umama upenda ngopende o(blue)
2.2.4 Ubaba ushayela imoto e( green)
2.2.5 Hamba uyothenga isinkwa esi(brown)
2.2.6 Ingobo kaThandi i(yellow)
2.2.7 Mina ngizoshada ngengubo e(white)
2.2.8 Ugogo wami unezinwele ezi (grey) [8]

Write the plural form of the following sentences. Bhala ubuningi bale misho elandelayo.

3.1 Ugogo upheka ukudla.

3.2 Inja idla igundane.
3.3 Indoda ibhala incwadi.
3.4 Ukufa kubulala umuntu.
3.5 Isikhwama sigcwele incwadi.
3.6 Ilitshe liqhuzula umfana.
3.7 Umuntu wakha umuzi.
3.8 Inhliziyo iphuphuma uthando.

149
3.9 Isalukazi silala ubuthongo.
3.10 Uthando lusanganisa intombazane. [10]

Formulate questions from the following statements. The answer to your question must be the
word/s written in bold.

(Yakha imibuzo yakho emihle ngalezi zitatimende ezilandelayo)

[nobani-with whom, kuphi-where?, ngubani-who?, kusiphi-which one?, ngani-with what?, lani-which

one?]

4.1 Mina ngihlala nogogo ekhaya.

4.2 Igama lami nginguThemba.

4.3 Ngifunda esikoleni sabafana eMaritzburg College.

4.4 Ngihlala edolobheni laseMgungundlovu.

4.5 Ngihamba ngemoto uma ngiya esikoleni.

4.6 Igama lomngani wami omkhulu nguDerrick.

4.7 Ngidlala ibhola leragbhi esikoleni. [7]

5. Bhala lokhu ngesiNgisi/ in English

5.1 Ekuseni
5.2 Emini
5.3 Ntambama
5.4 Ebusuku
5.5 kusihlwa [5]
Sebenzisa isithombe ukuze ubhale le misho izwakale.

Bhala into yokuhamba amadolobha ngesiZulu. (Use the pictures to write the following sentences
in their correct form and write modes of transport and towns in isiZulu). Write the answer only.

6.1.1 Ngihamba nge uma ngiya eJohannesburg. (2)

6.1.2 Ngihamba nge uma ngiya e-East Lodon. (2)

6.1.3 Sihamba nge uma siya eDurban. (2)

6.1.4 Abazali bami balima ngo epulazini labo ePort Elizabeth. (2)

6.1.5 Ngihamba nge uma ngidayisa ubisi edolobheni laseCape Town. (2)

[10]

Bhale le misho ikhombe inkathi ekhonjiswe kubakaki.

Write the following sentences in the tense that is shown in brackets. Rewrite the whole sentence.

150
6.2.1 Umama upheka ukudla. (near future)
6.2.2 Abafana babhaka izinkwa. (distant future)
6.2.3 Intombazane ibuka isikole. (recent past)
6.2.4 Izinja ziluma amantombazane. (long past)
6.2.5 Ukufa kubulala isizwe. (present continuous) [5]

6.3 Bhale le misho ikhombe inkathi ekhonjiswe kubakaki, UKUPHIKA

Write the following sentences in the tense that is shown in brackets. Rewrite the whole sentence IN
THE NEGATIVE

6.3.1 Umama upheka ukudla. (near future)

6.3.2 Abafana babhaka izinkwa. (distant future)
6.3.3 Intombazane ibuka isikole. (recent past)
6.3.4 Izinja ziluma amantombazane. (long past)
6.3.5 Ukufa kubulala isizwe. (present continuous) [5]

Bukisisa lesi sithombe esilandelayo bese ubhala igama lento ekhonjisiwe ngesiZulu.

(Label the following diagram in IsiZulu)

[12]

151
 Gcwalisa lesi sihlahla somndeni ngegama elifanele. (Complete the family tree by writing the
correct name in each case)

[10]

Bhala isabizwana soqobo segama elidwetshelwe emshweni.

Isibonelo: Izingane zidlala ibhola.

Zona zidlala ibhola.

10.1.1 Umama upheka ukudla.

10.1.2 Izinja ziluma umkhulu.

10.1.3 Abafundi bayasithanda isikole. [3]

11.1 Bhala isabizwana sokukhomba esifanele kuleli thebula.

Umuntu Lo lowo lowaya

11.1.1 izinja

11.1.2 ilitshe

11.1.3 amantombazane

152
12.2.4 umthakathi

12.2.5 inhliziyo

[15]

153
 Inyosi

154