Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

Introduction

Background of the Study

In the era of technological advancement, the quest for sustainable and

alternative energy resources has become a global concern. As we move towards a

more digitalized world, the demand for energy is escalating, and conventional energy

resources are depleting rapidly (Smith, 2019). This has created a pressing need to

explore alternative energy resources which are not just sustainable, but also efficient

and cost-effective.

The concept of harnessing energy from human footstep, known as

piezoelectric energy, has emerged as a potential alternative energy resource. The

Arduino-based Piezoelectric Footstep Power Generator is a promising solution that

could revolutionize the way we perceive energy production and consumption. The

concept of piezoelectricity was first introduced by Jacques and Pierre Curie in 1880

(Curie, 1880). Over the years, the concept has been explored and utilized in various

fields, from the creation of lighter flints to the generation of high voltages. However,

the idea of using piezoelectricity as an alternative energy source has only been

recently explored.

Several studies have been conducted on the application of piezoelectric

materials in energy harvesting. A study by Sodano et al. (2004) highlighted the

potential of piezoelectric materials in energy harvesting from vibrations. Another

study by Zhang et al. (2013) demonstrated the feasibility of using piezoelectric

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Email Address: lnhs1967@gmail.Com
1
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

materials to harvest energy from human motion. The Arduino-based Piezoelectric

Footstep Power Generator takes this concept to the next level. By utilizing the

pressure exerted by human footsteps, it transforms mechanical energy into electrical

energy (Miller, 2018). This innovative approach not only provides a sustainable

solution to the energy crisis but also offers a practical way to utilize the energy that

would otherwise be wasted.

In a world where every step counts, this technology brings forth an opportunity

to make each step matter. It not only addresses the current energy crisis but also

paves the way for a future where energy production is as natural as taking a step

forward. By integrating this technology into our daily lives, we can turn high-traffic

areas into power generating platforms, contributing to a more sustainable and

energy-efficient world (Taylor, 2019). The Arduino-based Piezoelectric Footstep

Power Generator is not just a technological innovation; it's a step towards a

sustainable future.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of using an

Arduino-based piezoelectric footstep power generator as an alternative for

conventional energy resources.

Specifically, this research seeks to answer the following questions:

1.) How does the piezoelectric power generator affect the generated power

output in terms of:

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Email Address: lnhs1967@gmail.Com
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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

a.) Number of piezoelectric sensors

b.) Type of connection arrangement of piezoelectric sensors

c.) Weight of the stepping people, and

d.) Frequency of impact?

2.) Which is more effective when the piezoelectric footstep power generator and

fossil-fuel based generator are compared, in terms of:

a.) Noise level

b.) Power Generated

c.) Cost of Production, and

d.) Maintenance cost?

3.) Is there a significant difference in terms of efficiency between the piezoelectric

footstep power generator and a fossil fuel-based generator?

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Email Address: lnhs1967@gmail.Com
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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

Conceptual Framework

Fig. 1: Paradigm of the Study

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

a.) Designing the placement of the piezoelectric sensors, the type of
connection arrangement, and the circuit diagram for the arduino-
based microcontroller.
a.) Piezoelectric
b.) Assembling the Piezoelectric footstep power generator which
Sensors involves connecting the piezoelectric sensors in the desired
b.) Arduino Circuit configuration, connecting the sensors to the arduino-based
microcontroller.
Board
c.) Battery c.) The sensors should be calibrated to ensure that they are
functioning properly and accurately and are attached to the surface ARDUINO-BASED
d.) Power Inverter where the footstep energy will be harvested. PIEZOELECTRIC
e.) Infrared Sensor FOOTSTEP
d.) The Piezoelectric sensors convert the mechanical energy of the
f.) Ultrasonic sensor footsteps into electrical energy.
POWER
g.) Liquid Crystal
GENERATOR AS
e.) Transmitted to the Arduino microcontroller which processes the AN ALTERNATIVE
Display electrical energy and optimizes it for storage or immediate use.
FOR
h.) Breadboard f.) The processed energy is then stored in a battery or power storage CONVENTIONAL
i.) Diode device for future use or directly used to power low-power ENERGY
electronics. RESOURCES
j.) Capacitors
k.) Valve Spring g.) Rating the level of efficiency as an alternative for conventional
energy resources.
l.) Wood
h.) Comparison of Piezoelectric footstep generator and a fossil-fuel
m.) Phenolic Board.
based generator in terms of its performance, cost, and
environmental impact.

i.) Collection and analyzation of data will be conducted.

FEEDBACK
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Contact Nos.: 09050425523
Email Address: lnhs1967@gmail.Com
4
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

As shown in Figure 1, the input consists the materials of creating the Arduino-

Based Piezoelectric Footstep Power Generator such as; Piezoelectric Sensors,

Arduino Circuit Board, Battery, Power Inverter, Infrared Sensor, Ultrasonic sensor,

Liquid Crystal Display, Breadboard, Diode, Capacitors, Valve Spring, Wood,

Phenolic Board.

For process, it includes creating the Piezoelectric Footstep Power Generator,

testing the appropriate number of piezoelectric sensors and type of connection

arrangement, rating the level of efficiency as an alternative for conventional energy

resources, comparison of Piezoelectric footstep generator and a fossil-fuel based

generator, and collection and analyzation of data.

For output, it shows the result of the study of Arduino-based Piezoelectric

Footstep Power Generator as an alternative for conventional energy resources.

Hypothesis

Based on the potential of Arduino-based Piezoelectric footstep power

generator as an alternative for conventional energy resources, we hypothesized that

its implementation will lead to the following outcome:

1. The integration of Arduino technology and piezoelectric sensors will result in a

more efficient and cost-effective energy generation system compared to

conventional energy resources.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

2. The use of piezoelectric footstep generator in the power generation will result in

reduced noise levels during energy generation.

3. Increasing the number of piezo sensors in the footstep power generator will

result in a proportional increase in the amount of electricity generated.

4. The arrangement of connections between the piezo sensors and the Arduino

board will affect the overall efficiency and reliability of the footstep power

generator.

5. The weight of the step taken on the footstep power generator will have a direct

correlation to the amount of electricity generated, with a heavier step resulting in

a larger amount of electricity.

Through further research and experimentation, we aim to test these

hypotheses and determine the effectiveness of the Arduino-based piezoelectric

footstep power generator as a viable alternative for conventional energy resources.

By validating these hypotheses, we can contribute to the development of a more

sustainable and environmentally-friendly future, reducing our reliance on

conventional energy resources and mitigating the impact of climate change.

Significance of the Study

The study holds significant potential in addressing the growing global energy

demand and environmental concerns. This research explores an innovative,

sustainable, and eco-friendly approach to energy generation, which could

revolutionize the way we perceive and utilize energy in our daily lives.

Address: Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan, 3517

Contact Nos.: 09050425523
Email Address: lnhs1967@gmail.Com
6
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

In terms of scientific knowledge, this study contributes to the expanding field

of renewable energy technologies. It provides valuable insights into the practical

application of piezoelectric materials, which can generate electricity from mechanical

stress, such as human footsteps. This not only broadens our understanding of

energy conversion but also encourages further research and innovation in similar

technologies.

From an environmental perspective, the use of a Piezoelectric footstep power

generator offers considerable benefits. It is a form of clean energy that reduces our

reliance on fossil fuels, thereby decreasing carbon emissions and helping to mitigate

the impacts of climate change. Furthermore, as it harnesses energy that would

otherwise be wasted, it promotes energy efficiency, a key factor in sustainable

development.

This study stands to benefit the field of Public Health. The adoption of clean,

renewable energy sources like the Piezoelectric footstep power generator can lead

to a reduction in air pollution caused by burning fossil fuels. This can significantly

improve air quality, leading to better respiratory health among the population.

Furthermore, the promotion of walking to generate power can also encourage

physical activity, contributing to overall health and well-being.

The findings of the study could yield significant benefits of several

stakeholders:

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Email Address: lnhs1967@gmail.Com
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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

Environmentalists, This study can benefit environmentalists by providing a

sustainable and eco-friendly solution to the increasing demand for energy resources.

The use of Piezoelectric footstep power generators can help reduce the carbon

footprint and minimize the negative impact of conventional energy resources on the

environment.

Renewable Energy Enthusiasts, Renewable energy enthusiasts can benefit from

this study by gaining knowledge about the design and implementation of

Piezoelectric footstep power generators. This can help them promote and advocate

for the use of renewable energy sources.

Architects and Urban Planners, Architects and urban planners can benefit from

this study by incorporating the design and installation of Piezoelectric footstep power

generators into their plans for public spaces. This can help promote sustainable and

eco-friendly designs for urban areas.

School, The school can benefit from the use of the footstep power generator as a

sustainable and renewable source of energy that can help reduce electricity costs

and promote sustainable energy practices.

Students and staff, The use of the footstep power generator can provide a source

of electricity for various electronic devices and equipment within the school, which

can improve the learning environment and reduce the need for traditional power

sources.

Address: Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan, 3517

Contact Nos.: 09050425523
Email Address: lnhs1967@gmail.Com
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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

General Public, The general public can benefit from this study by having access to

a sustainable and eco-friendly source of electricity. The installation of Piezoelectric

footstep power generators in public places can also promote awareness and

education about renewable energy sources.

Future researchers, The study can serve as a basis for future research on

sustainable energy practices and the use of piezoelectric technology. The findings of

the study can be used to inform the development of new technologies and initiatives

that promote sustainable energy practices and reduce reliance on conventional

energy resources.

Scope and Delimitation

This study aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an Arduino-

based Piezoelectric Footstep Power Generator as an alternative to conventional

energy resources for low-powered electronics. The study will focus on the technical

aspects of the generator, including the design, construction, and testing of the

system and comparing the performance, cost, and environmental impact of the

Piezoelectric Footstep Power Generator with a fossil-fuel-based generator.

The study will not involve human subjects, and the population that will be

considered in the study is the general public who will be using the generator in public

spaces. The study will be executed in a public space specifically on the school gate,

building stairs, and classroom entrances where foot traffic are high. It will also be

undertaken on a laboratory setting, where the Piezoelectric Footstep Power

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Contact Nos.: 09050425523
Email Address: lnhs1967@gmail.Com
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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

Generator will be developed and tested and the fossil-fuel-based generator will be

used as a benchmark for comparison.

This study will be conducted at Libertad National High School, Libertad,

Abulug, Cagayan during the second semester of School Year 2022-2023. It will be

tested over a period of 1 month, from April to May, 2023. During this time, the

generator will be installed and tested, and data will be collected and analyzed to

evaluate its effectiveness as an alternative energy source. The data will be gathered

through observations and technical measurements.

Definition of Terms

Alternating Current. A type of electrical current that periodically reverses direction,

typically used in homes and buildings

Arduino. An open-source microcontroller board used for building digital devices

and interactive objects

Battery. A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy and is used

as a source of power for electronic devices.

Breadboard. A board used for prototyping electronic circuits without the need for

soldering.

Buzzer. An electronic device that produces a buzzing or beeping sound.

Capacitor. An electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field.

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Email Address: lnhs1967@gmail.Com
10
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

Circuit Board. A board that connects electronic components together to form a

circuit.

Diode. An electronic component that allows current to flow in only one direction.

Direct Current. A type of electrical current that flows in one direction only, typically

used in batteries and electronic devices

Generation. The production of electricity or other forms of energy

Infrared Sensor. A sensor that uses infrared light to detect the presence of an

object.

LED. A light-emitting diode that emits light when an electric current is passed

through it.

Microcontroller. A small computer on a single integrated circuit that is used to

control electronic devices and systems

Piezoelectric. A material that produces an electric charge when it is subjected to

mechanical stress or pressure

Power Inverter. An electronic device that converts direct current (DC) to alternating

current (AC)

Rectifier. An electronic circuit that converts AC to DC.

Sensor. A device that detects or measures a physical property and records,

indicates, or otherwise responds to it.

Address: Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan, 3517

Contact Nos.: 09050425523
Email Address: lnhs1967@gmail.Com
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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Libertad National High School
Libertad, Abulug, Cagayan

Ultrasonic Sensor. A sensor that uses sound waves to detect the distance of an

object.

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