Phonics and word recognition are crucial components of literacy development in children and adults

alike. Phonics refers to the relationship between sounds, or phonemes, and the written letters or
combinations of letters that represent them. Essentially, it is the understanding that there is a
predictable connection between spoken sounds and written letters.

Word recognition, on the other hand, involves the ability to quickly and accurately identify words and
decode their meanings. It encompasses both phonics skills and sight word recognition, which refers to
the ability to recognize high-frequency words without having to decode them.

Effective phonics instruction teaches learners how to break down words into their component sounds, or
phonemes, and then how to blend these sounds together to form words. This process enhances
decoding skills and facilitates word recognition.

Moreover, phonics and word recognition lay the foundation for reading fluency and comprehension. By
mastering these skills, learners are able to read with greater accuracy and speed, enabling them to focus
more on understanding the meaning of the text.

In conclusion, phonics and word recognition are critical skills in the journey of becoming a proficient
reader. They provide the necessary tools for decoding unfamiliar words and developing a strong
foundation for reading and comprehension. With effective instruction and practice, individuals can
become independent readers who confidently navigate the written word.

Why is teaching phonics important?

Reading skills: Phonics helps children to learn how to decode words accurately and
independently. Understanding the relationship between letters and sounds allows children to
break down words into their individual phonemes and blend them together to form words. This
skill is crucial for reading success.

Spelling skills: Phonics instruction also helps children develop their spelling skills. By learning the
sounds that letters make, children can apply this knowledge to spell words accurately. Phonics
teaches children the rules and patterns of spelling that can be applied to various words.

Vocabulary development: Phonics instruction can improve children's vocabulary skills. As

children learn to sound out words, they are exposed to new and unfamiliar words. This process
helps expand their word recognition and comprehension abilities.

Reading fluency: When children have a strong foundation in phonics, they can read more
fluently. Fluent readers are able to read quickly, accurately, and with expression, which enhances
their overall reading experience and comprehension.

Comprehension: Phonics instruction is a stepping stone to reading comprehension. When

children can accurately decode words, they can focus more on understanding the meaning of
the text. Strong phonics skills enable children to read with confidence and engage with the
content.

Independent reading: Phonics allows children to become independent readers. By teaching

them the skills to decode words, we empower them to read on their own without relying heavily
on adults or other reading supports.

Overall, phonics instruction is vital because it provides the necessary tools for children to
become successful readers and communicators in all areas of life.
How does phonics being taught in school?

Letter-sound correspondence: Students learn the individual sounds associated with each letter
or letter combination (graphemes) and the corresponding phonemes they represent. For
example, they learn that the letter 'c' can make different sounds (/k/ or /s/) depending on the
word.

Blending: Students practice blending individual sounds together to form words. They are taught
to sound out each letter and blend them together to read the whole word.

Segmenting: Students learn to break words into individual sounds. This skill helps them with
spelling as they segment the word into its phonemes and then match those sounds to the
corresponding graphemes.

Decoding and encoding: Students apply their knowledge of letter-sound correspondence and
blending skills to decode (read) words. They also use their understanding of segmenting to
encode (spell) words by mapping phonemes to graphemes.

Word analysis: Students learn various word patterns such as digraphs (two letters representing
one sound, like 'sh' or 'ch'), blends (consonant clusters), long and short vowel sounds, and other
phonetic rules to decode and encode words accurately.

Sight words: Alongside phonics instruction, students are taught high-frequency words that do
not follow phonetic rules or can't be easily decoded. These words are often memorized through
repetition and exposure.

Application: Students practice applying their phonics skills to read and write in meaningful
contexts. They engage in activities like reading books, writing sentences or stories, and
participating in word-building exercises.

Continuous reinforcement: Phonics instruction is reinforced throughout the school year to

ensure students can apply their skills consistently and independently.

It's important to note that phonics instruction may vary depending on grade level, curriculum,
and individual student needs. Teachers often use a variety of methods, including hands-on
activities, educational games, multimedia tools, and direct instruction to make phonics engaging
and effective.
GUIDE/STEPS

What is PHONICS?

What is WORD RECOGNITION?

Groupings: Assign a Leader, Time Keeper, Motivator, Busy Bee

KWL : Let Participants answer what they know, want to know (KW)

Objective: Let each group read the objectives

Anticipation Guide: Group will agree on their answers and will record to the manila paper.

Activity 1. LIEUTENANCY

Posting answers infront, and Checking answers

Analysis: Ask Questions (Look for Answers)

DISCUSS what is PHONICS and Word Recognition

Ask Questions or give examples

Activity 2: Differentiated Activities (ask “Are you giving differentiated activities?” MG?)

Give DA, and Manila paper for consolidation of answers

Presentation by group

PRESENT THE VIDEOS

VIDEO 1

1. Language Game: If you do not have that kind of token, then you can use indigenous materials
found in the surroundings.
2. Odd one out : player gets a card and look for letter that is different and put the token on it.
3. Letter Match: Letter matches the letter to the letter board.
4. Trail Game: Integration of Mathematics by counting the number of spaces as indicated in the
dice.
5. Same and Different: putting a pair of letters to the Column for same and different
6. Connect Game: Connecting the same letters
7. Uppercase call out:

VIDEO 2: Teaching the beginning sound

The Big SIX of Reading

3. Phonics (back up its meaning)

Teaching Consonant sound: Lesson Sequence

1. Maria the Milkmaid

2. Vocabulary Development
3. Introduce the consonant sound
“How do you say the name of the pictures with emphasis on the beginning sound?”
“Who can show or demonstrate to us?” (I DO Part)
WE DO , YOU DO

4. Introduce / Review the letter for

 Big M on the air (“How are you going to position yourself when wring big M on the air?”)
Sing: Where is thumbman, index/fore finger
“ Write big M at the back of you classmate using your index finger.” (desk, palm, use body)

5. Exercise / Drill

For grades 2-3, some of the kids can already spell. So you can present pictures which has CVC
names and let them write their names. Like map, mat, man, mop, mad, mug, mom

Saying Phonics Instructions (Why? Explain.)

Checking the Anticipation GUIDE

Answering L in KWL (call out Participants)

Saying: A Gift that Last Forever (everyone reads)

Explain

STRATEGIES: KWL, Numbers given by participants referring to attendance, I spy with my little eye