1. What is Physics?

(2mk)
2. Differentiate fundamental quantities from derived quantities and give an
example of each
3. State what the following branches of physics deals with:
(i) Mechanics
(ii) Electricity and magnetism
(iii) Thermodynamics
(iv) Geometric optics
(v) Waves
(vi) Atomic physics

4. State and explain two basic laboratory safety rule

5. State the SI units of the following quantities (3mk)

Length =…………………………………………………
Mass =……………………………………………….
Temperature =………………………………………………..
6. Name two branches of physics. (2mk)

7. Name two career opportunity in physics. (2mk)

8. State the relationship between physics and the following subjects.

(i) Biology (1mk)
(ii)Geography (1mk)

LENGTH AND AREA

1. Convert the following values into SI units
(i) 86400cm2 (1mk)
(ii) 204000cm3 (1mk)

2. A student measured the length of a wire four times using a meter rule and
obtained the following readings: 18.6cm; 18.5cm; 18.6cm; and 18.5cm.
Determine the length the student should record. (2mk)

3. The figure below shows a section of a meter rule used to measure length of a
piece of wood.
6 7 8 9 10
cm

Wood
Find the length of the wood (2mk)

: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 1
4. In an experiment to estimate the height of a tree using its shadow, a ruler of
height 100cm is placed next to the tree as shown below. If the ruler and
the tree forms shadows of 150cm and 750cm respectively.
Tree
Ruler
h
Ruler Tree
100 cm

Shadow Shadow

150cm 750cm

Calculate the height h of the tree. (3mk)

5. A Figure below is an arrangement of two set squares and a rule being used
to determine the external diameter of a cylinder.

Cylinder

8 9 10

(a) State the accuracy of the rule. (1mk)

(b) What is the radius of the cylinder? (2mk)

6. A thin wire was wound 10 times closely over a boiling tube. The total length of
the wire wound around was found to be 440mm. Calculate the radius of the
boiling tube in SI units.
Thread
Cylinder

7. A thin wire was wound 30 times closely over a boiling tube. The total length of
the windings was found to be 9.3 mm. Calculate the radius of the wire.

8. A length of 550cm of them thread wraps around a cylindrical tin exactly

25times. Calculate the radius of the cylinder (2mks)

9. The figure below shows a half spherical bowl of radius 3cm. calculate its
volume.

10. The figure below shows the map of a school compound. Each square is
equivalent to 1cm2. Calculate the total area covered by the school on the
map. (3mk)

: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 2
11. Express the area of land of 0.0025km2 in S.I units and in standard form

VOLUME
1. Define volume and give its SI units.

2. Find the volume of a spherical ball of radius 3cm. (3mk)

3. Calculate the volume of a Cuboid that measures 4cm by 5cm by 3cm in SI

Units.
4. Find the capacity of a cylinder of radius 70cm and height 20cm in litres.

5. A sphere of radius 6cm is moulded into a thin cylindrical wire of length

32cm. Calculate the radius of the wire in SI Units.

6. A solid Cuboid of dimensions 11cm x 14cm x 5cm is melted in to a

cylindrical solid of diameter 28 cm. calculate the height of the cylinder

7. A cylinder of height 25cm is completely melted and a sphere of the same

radius made. Determine the radius of the sphere in metres and express your
answer in standard form. (3mk)

8. The figure below shows a block of mass 360g.

2cm

5cm
12cm
Calculate the
(i) Volume of the block.
(ii) Density of the block in SI unit.

9. The diagram below shows a brick of mass 120g.The brick measures 30cm x
6cm x 4cm. Calculate the density of the brick

4 cm

6 cm

30 cm

: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 3
10. The figure below shows Perspex container with a base of sides 5 by 6
cm carrying water to a height of 3cm.

3cm

6cm
5cm

When pebble is immersed into the water, the level rise to 10 cm. what is
the volume of the pebble?

11. The figure below shows a cylinder of radius 10cm and height 21cm.
Calculate its capacity in litres.
10cm

21cm

12. The figure below shows the change in volume of a liquid in a measuring
cylinder when an irregular solid is immersed in it. Given that the mass of the
solid is 75g, determine the density of the solid in SI units.
50 50
cm 3 40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

13. The figure below shows the change in volume of a liquid in a measuring
cylinder when an irregular solid is immersed in it. Given that the density of
the solid is 4g/cm3, determine the mass of the solid in SI units. (4mk)

100 100
cm3 80 80
60 60
40 40
20 20

14. The figure below shows a measuring cylinder which contains water initially
at a level A. A spherical solid of mass 11g is immersed in the water, the
level rises to B.
5cm3
B
4 cm3
A
3 cm3

2 cm3

1 cm3

: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 4
 Determine the diameter of the spherical ball (2mk)

15. Fig shows a measuring cylinder i nto which an irregular stone of mass
60grams has been immersed.

cm3 45
40
35
30
25
20

If the initial reading before immersing was 27cm3. Find the density of the
stone. (2mk)
16. The figure below shows water placed in a measuring cylinder calibrated in
cm3? 3
20cm

15cm3
10cm3

5cm3

An object of mass 50.1g and density 16.7g/cm3 is lowered gently into the
water. Indicate on the diagram the new level. (2mk)

17. The figure below shows the level of water in a measuring cylinder after
a stone of mass 100 g is immersed in the water. The initial level of the water
is shown with a dotted line. Determine the density of the stone. (3mk)

Water 125 ml

75 ml
Initial level
25 ml
Stone

: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 5
18. Ten glass marbles, each of mass 6.0 g, were gently lowered into a
measuring cylinder containing water to the level marked A. The water level
rose to the level marked B as shown in Fig below. Determine the density of
the glass. (3mk)
40cm3
B
30cm3
A
20cm3

10cm3

19. The figure below shows a cylinder with water and 8 lead pellets each of
volume 1.5cm3.
40cm3

30cm3

20cm3

10cm3

Indicate on the diagram the level of water if the pellets are removed. (2 mk)

20. Figure Shows a glass beaker of cross sectional area 10.5cm 2

Water

When a metal block of mass 250 g is immersed into the water, the level of
water rises by 3.5 cm. determine the density of the metal block. Express
your answer in S.I unit (3mk)

BURETTE
1. 1600 cm3 of fresh water of density 1 g/cm3 are mixed with 1400cm3 of
seawater of density 1.25g/cm3. Determine the density of the mixture.

1. The water level in a burette is 27cm3. If 88 drops of water fall from the
burette and the average volume of one drop is 0.25cm3 what is the final
water level in the burette?

2. The initial level of water in a burette was 32cm3. Some 20 drops of water each
of volume 0.4cm3 are added. Find its final reading.

2. 1600 cm3 of fresh water of density 1 g/cm3 are mixed with 1400cm3 of
seawater of density 1.25g/cm3. Determine the density of the mixture.
: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 6
3. The initial level of water in a burette was 26cm3. Some 10 drops of water
each of volume 0.5cm3 are allowed to drop out. Find its final reading.

4. A ball bearing of volume 1.8cm3 was dropped into water contained in the
burette shown in figure below. Determine the final reading of water in the
burette. 48 (2mks)
cm
3

49

Object
50

5. The figure below shows the reading on a burette after 55 drops of a liquid
have been used.
cm3 0
10

20

30
40

50

If the initial reading was at 0cm mark, determine the volume of one drop.

6. The figure below shows a burette initially filled with water to the level marked X.
An object of density 1.5gcm-3 is immersed into it and the level rose as
shown. Determine the mass of the object (3mk)
cm3 35

40
X
45
Object
50 cm3

7. The figure below shows a section of a measuring instrument.

30
cm3
: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 35 Pg 7
 (i) Name the measuring instrument shown above (1mk)
(ii) What is the volume of water in it? (1mk)
(iii) Some 24 drops of water each of volume 0.5cm3 are added to the instrument
above. Find the final reading of the instrument.
8. In an experiment to measure the density of a liquid, a student filled a
burette with a liquid to the 0cm 3 mark. The figure below shows as section
of the burette showing the level of the liquid after 93.2g of the liquid had
been run out.
46
cm3

47

48
(i) Take the reading of the burette ………………………………………… (1mk)

(ii) Determine the density of the liquid. (3mk)

9. The figure (a) below shows the initial reading of a burette used to measure
the volume of oil. After 50 drops of oil were run out, the final reading was as
shown in (b). Determine the volume of one drop of oil (2mk)

cm3 0 cm3 0

10 10

20 20

30 30

40 40

50 50

(a) (b)

(3mk)

: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 8
10. Figure below shows a measuring cylinder containing some water.

cm3 (i) New reading……………………(1 mk)

45
46 Burette
47
48
49
50

40cm3

30cm3 (ii) New reading…………………….(1mk)

3
20cm
Measuring
10cm3 cylinder

Another 3cm3 of water was added to the cylinder from a burette delivering
volume from 0cm3 to 50cm3. Record in the spaces provided the new reading
indicated on each vessel.

11. Two burettes A and B were arranged as shown below. Burette A leaked into
B at the rate of 10 drops per minute. If the initial reading on both burettes
was 25cm3. What would be their reading at the end of one hour if B does
not leak? Volume of one drop of water is 2.0 x 10-8m3. (3mks)

cm3
A
25cm3

B
3
25cm

12. In an experiment to measure the radius of a wire a student cut the wire into
100 identical pieces of length 7mm and dipped the pieces completely into a
burette with initial level of liquid at 49.5cm3 mark. If the final level was at
0cm3. Determine the radius of the wire giving your answer to two decimal
places (3mks)

: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 9
13. The diagram fig below shows an arrangement that a certain student set up
in a physics lab without the consent of the teacher. He allowed some
volume of water into the glass tube and measured the corresponding
height h of water in the tube using a ruler. He tabulated his data as
below.

Burette

Glass tube
h

Burette reading cm3 5.1 8.2 15.4 21.5 28.0 35.6

Height h, cm 3.8 5.8 10.5 14.5 18.7 23.2

(a) Draw a graph of the burette reading against height h of the water in the
glass tube. (5mks)
(ii) Use your graph above to determine the area of cross section of the glass
tube. (3mks)
(iii) Use your graph to determine how far the zero mark of the ruler is from
the end placed on the base of the stand. (2mks)

DENSITY
3. Define density and give its SI units.

4. The density of concentrated Sulphuric acid is 1.8gcm-3. Calculate the

volume of 3.6kg of the acid.

5. A block of metal of mass 72g measures 2cm x 4cm x 6 cm, calculate the
density of the metal in SI unit.

6. Determine the density in SI units of a solid whose mass is 40g and whose
dimensions in cm are 30 x 4 x 3 (2mk)

7. A cuboid has dimensions 12cm by 10cm by 15cm. its weight is 72N.

Determine the density of the material the cuboid is made of. (3mks)

8. The mass of an empty density bottle is 20g. When the bottle is full of
paraffin it weighs 60g and when full of water weighs 70g. Calculate the
density of paraffin in SI units. (4mk)

: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 10
9. An empty density bottle has a mass of 50g. Its mass is 100g when filled
with water and 120g when filled with liquid K. Calculate the density of liquid
K in SI units.
10. The mass of a density bottle is 20g when empty, 70g when full of water
and 50g when full of ethanol. Calculate the density of ethanol in SI units.

11. A density bottle has a mass of 45g when full of paraffin and a mass of 50g
when full of water if the empty bottle weighs 25g, calculate the relative
density of paraffin.

12. The mass of an empty density bottle is 20g. When the bottle is full of
paraffin it weighs 60g and when full of water weighs 70g. Calculate the
density of paraffin in SI units.

13. The mass of a density bottle is 20g when empty 70g when full of water and
695g when full of another liquid. Calculate the
(i) density of the other liquid (take density of water as 1g/cm3
(ii) Mass of 20cm3 of the liquid (2mk)

14. The mass of a density bottle of volume 50cm3 is 10.0g when empty.
Aluminium turnings are poured into the bottle and the total mass is 60.0g.
Water is then added into the turnings till the bottle is full. If the total mass
of the bottle and its contents is 90.0g, calculate the density of the
aluminium turnings. (3mk)

15. An empty density bottle has a mass of 23g. When completely filled with
water its mass is 39.0g. What will be its mass if it is completely filled with
an acid of relative density 1.25? (Take the density of water as 1.0gcm-3)

16. An empty density bottle has a mass of 30g. When completely filled with
water its mass is 70g. What will be its mass if it is completely filled with an
acid of relative density 1.6?

17. 200cm3 of water of density 1g/cm3 is mixed with 300cm3 of milk of

density 2g/cm3. Calculate
(i) The total volume of the mixture
(ii) The total mass of the mixture
(iii) The density of the mixture in SI units.

18. 1000cm3 of water density 1g/cm3 mixed with 2000cm3 of saturated salt
solution of density 1.3g/cm3. Calculate
(i) The total volume of the mixture
(ii) The total mass of the mixture
(iii) The density of the mixture in SI units.

19. An alloy is made by mixing 80cm3 of copper of density 9g/cm3 with

120cm3 of alluminium of density 3g/cm3. Determine the
(i) Total volume of the alloy.
(ii) Total mass of the alloy
(iii) Density of the alloy in SI units.

: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 11
20. 100cm3 of water of density 1g/cm3 is mixed with 400cm3 of ethanol of
density 800kg/m3. Calculate
(i) The total volume of the mixture
(ii) The total mass of the mixture
(iii) The density of the mixture in SI units.

21. 400cm3 of alcohol of density 800kg/m3 is mixed with 600cm3 of water of

density 1000kg/m3. Calculate the density if the mixture in SI units.

22. An alloy is made by mixing 180cm3 iron metal of density 2000kg/m3 with
120cm3 of lead meal of density 4g/cm3. Calculate the density of the alloy.

23. 400cm3 of alcohol of density 800kg/m3 is mixed with 600cm3 of water of

density 1g/m3. Calculate the density if the mixture in SI units.

24. 1600 cm3 of fresh water of density 1 g/cm3 are mixed with 1400cm3 of
seawater of density 1.25g/cm3. Determine the density of the mixture.

25. A liquid of density 800kg/m3 has a mass of 3.2g. Calculate its volume in
SI unit.

26. 100cm3 of water of density 1g/cm3 is mixed with 200cm3 of ethanol of

density 0.79g/cm3. Calculate the density of the mixture in SI units.

27. 500cm3 of fresh water of density 1000 kg/m3 mixed with 1000cm3 of sea
water density 1020kg/m3. Calculate the density of the mixture in SI units.

28. An alloy is made by mixing 80 cm of copper of density 8.9g/cm3 with

120cm3 of alluminium of density 2.7g/cm3. Determine the density of the
alloy in SI units.

29. An alloy is made by mixing 180cm3 iron metal of density 2000kg/m3 with
120cm3 of lead meal of density 4g/cm3. Calculate the density of the alloy.

30. 400cm3 of alcohol of density 800kg/m3 is mixed with 600cm3 of water of

density 1g/m3. Calculate the density if the mixture in SI units.

31. 100cm3 of sea water of density 1150kg/m3 is mixed with 100cm3 of fresh
water of density 1000kg/m3. Determine density of the mixture.

32. 1600 cm3 of fresh water of density 1g/cm3 are mixed with 1400cm3 of
seawater of density1.25g/cm3. Determine the density of the mixture.

33. An alloy contains 40% by mass of lead and 60% by mass of tin. Determine
the density of the alloy in kgm 3. (density of lead = 1.4g/cm3 and density of
tin = 7.3g/cm3) 3mks)

: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 12
34. Xcm3 of substance A which has a density of 800kg/m3 is mixed
with100cm3 of water with a density of 1000 kg/m3. The density of the
mixture is 960kg/m3. Determine the value of X.

MASS
35. A butcher has a beam balance and masses 0.5 kg and 2 kg. How would he
measure 1.5 kg of meat on the balance at once?

36. The figure below shows an empty beaker placed on the top of a pan
calibrated in grammes. 50ml of alcohol of density 0.8g/cm3 was added to
the beaker. Show on the diagram the new pointer position. (3mk)
Empty beaker

0 10
100
90 20

80
30

70
40
60
50

37. Figure below shows the arrangement of a sensitive spring balance.

Curled hair kg
Pivot 6
4
Pan 2 Scale
0

Sliding load

How would you adjust the position of the sliding load to reset its reading to zero? (1
mk)

: M E A S U R E M E N T 1 Pg 13
 .
1. Define force and give its SI units

2. Name two effects of force

3. State the reason why it is not correct to quote the weight of solid objects
in kilograms (1mk)

4. Name the type of force that: (4mk)

(i) Attracts bodies toward the centre of the earth.
(ii) Opposes motion between two surfaces in contact.
(iii) Makes an object appear lighter when being lifted out of water.
(iv) Attracts pieces of papers to a plastic ruler when the ruler is rubbed on hair.
(v) Enables a body to move in a circular motion

SURFACE TENSION
1. What is surface tension? (1mk)

2. State two factors that lowers the surface tension force on a water surface.

3. State one way of making the surface tension of a liquid stronger. (1 mk)

4. State the effect of a decrease in temperature on surface tension. 1mk

5. A steel needle placed on water is found to float even though steel is denser
than water. But when the water is heated the needle sinks. Explain why.

6. Explain a metal pin was observed to float on the surface of pure water.
However the pin sank when a few drops of soap solution were carefully added
to the water. (1mk)

7. Explain the washing effect of soap. (1mk)

8. If a tent is touched with a finger on inner surface, when it is raining, it allows

the rain water to leak through. Give a reason for this observation. (1mk)

9. The diagram below shows a wire loop with two threads tied across it. The loop
is dipped into a soap solution such that the soap film covers it as shown.

A
B
C

Region B is punctured such that the soap film in that section is broken. On the
space alongside the diagram sketch the resulting shape of the wire loop. Give a
reason for the shape. (2mks)

F O R M 1 N O T E S: F O R C E Pg 1
 10. The diagram below shows a wire loop with a thread tied across it. The loop is
dipped into a soap solution such that the soap film covers it as shown.

Region X is punctured such that the soap film in that section is broken. On the
space alongside the diagram sketch the resulting shape of the wire loop. Give a
reason for the shape. (2mk)

11. Figure shows a funnel dipped into a liquid soap solution.

Funnel
Soap film

Soap solution

State and explain what happens to the soap bubble when the funnel is
removed. (2mk)

12. A glass funnel is dipped in soap solution, then taken out and blown gently to
form a soap bubble as shown below
Funnel

Soap bubble
Explain why the bubble flattens to a film which then rises up the funnel.
(2mks)
13. The figure below shows a small toy boat floating on water in a basin. X and Y
are two point near the toy.
X
Y

When a hot metal rod is dipped into the water at point X, the toy is observed to
move towards Y. Explain this observation. 2mk

14. The Figure below shows a toy boat. A piece of soap is attached to end A and
then the toy placed on a surface of clean water.

A B

Explain the observation that would be made immediately. (2mks)

F O R M 1 N O T E S: F O R C E Pg 2
ADHESIVE AND COHESIVE FORCE
1. Differentiate cohesive force from adhesive force. (2mk)

2. Anyango placed her finger on a water as shown in the diagram below

Finger

Trough

Water

Name the force that lifts the water to the finger (1mk)
3. Explain the reason why water spilled on a glass surface wets the surface.
(1mk)
4. When building a house using bricks a damp course is laid just above the brick
foundation. Explain why the damp course is necessary (1mk)

5. Name two types of forces which can act between objects without contact.

6. Name two types of forces which can act between objects in contact.

7. Give a reason why lamp – wicks are usually made of cotton. (1mk)

8. The diagram below shows drop of liquids X and Y carefully put on a clean flat
glass slab
Y
X Glass slab

Explain the shapes of the drops (2mks)

9. Explain why you can dry your hands with a towel but not with a sheet of
polythene (1mk)

10. When drops of water are sprinkled on a greasy glass plate they form spherical
shapes. Explain.
11. Name two kinds forces that determine the shape of a liquid drop on solid
surface.

12. State two factors which determine the height to which a liquid rises up a
capillary tube If dipped into the liquid. (2 mk)

13. Explain the following observation. Rain drops falling freely are spherical
(1mk)
14. Fig shows the meniscus of water in a glass tube.
Glass Tube
Water

F O R M 1 N O T E S: F O R C E Pg 3
 Explain why the meniscus of the liquid is shaped as shown. 2mk

15. The diagram below shows the behaviour of mercury in a capillary tube.
Capillary tube

Mercury

Explain the behaviour 2mk

16. The figures (a) and (b) below shows capillary tubes inserted in water and
mercury respectively.
Tube Tube

Water
Mercury

Beakers (b)
(a)

It is observed that in water the meniscus in the capillary tube is higher than the
meniscus in the beaker, while in mercury the meniscus in the capillary tube is
lower than the meniscus in the beaker. Explain these observations.(2mk)

17. The figures (i) and (ii) below shows two capillary tubes dipped in water and
mercury respectively.
Tube Tube

Water
Mercury

(i) (ii)
i) Indicate on the diagrams above the likely levels of water and mercury in the
respective tubes. (1mk)
ii) Explain your answer in (i) above. (2mk)

18. The diagram below shows a capillary tube immersed in water.

Water

(a) (b)
Using figure (b) sketch to show the appearance of the capillary tube if it was inserted
in mercury.

19. The diagram below shows two clear glass tubes containing water and mercury

(a) (b)
Explain the shapes of the surface of each of the liquids inside the tube. (2mk)

F O R M 1 N O T E S: F O R C E Pg 4
 20. Figure a & b below shows narrow tubes dipped in mercury and water
respectively.
Tube Tube

Water
Mercury

The temperatures of the two liquids in the containers are raised slightly.
Indicate the new levels of mercury and water in the tubes respectively. (1 mk)

21. Figure shows a narrow tube dipped in water.

Glass Tube

Water

The temperature of the liquid (water) is raised. Indicate on the diagram the new
level of water. Explain your answer. (2mks)

MASS AND WEIGHT

1. State three differences between mass and weight. (3mk)

2. State the reason why it is not correct to quote the weight of solid objects in
kilograms (1mk)

3. Differentiate vector quantity from a scalar quantity and give an example of

each
4. Using a scale of 1cm to represent 10N, draw a diagram to show the direction
and magnitude of the resultant force for two forces acting as shown below.
(1mk)

35 N 50 N

5. Show diagrammatically how you can combine forces of:

(a) 9N, 7N and 2N to give a resultant force of 4 N (2mk)

(b) 3N, 5N and 7N to give a resultant force of 15 N. (2mk)

6. Determine the resultant vector due to the forces below

(i) 6N 4N

5N
(ii) 9N
2N
7. The fig (I) below shows a body acted on by two forces F1=3N and F2=8N

F1 F2
Fig I
F O R M 1 N O T E S: F O R C E Pg 5
 On the fig (II) below draw the force F3 that has the same effect on the body as
the two forces. (2mk)

Fig II

8. Show diagrammatically how you can combine forces of 9N and 2N to give a

resultant force of
i) 7 N
ii) 11 N

9. Show diagrammatically how you can combine forces of:

(b) 9N, 7N and 2N to give a resultant force of 4 N
(c) 3N, 5N and 7N to give a resultant force of 15 N.

10. Show diagrammatically how you can combine forces of:12N, 7N and 5N to
give a resultant force of
(i) 24N
(ii) 0N
(iii) 14N
(iv) 10N
11. Show diagrammatically how you can combine forces of:18N, 7N and 6N to
give a resultant force of 15N (2mk)

12. A student was heard saying “the mass of a ball on the moon is one sixth its
mass on earth”. Give a reason why this statement is wrong.

13. The weight of a person increases as one move away from the equator towards
the poles. Give a reason for this.

14. Give a reason why the weight of a body varies from place to place.

15. A bag of sand is found to have the same weight on planet earth as an identical
bag of cotton on planet Jupiter. Explain why the masses of the two bags must
be different. (2mk)

16. Explain a bag of sugar is found to have the same weight on planet moon as an
identical bag of dry saw dust on the earth. (1mk)

17. An astronaut weighs 800 N on earth where g=10N/kg. Calculate

i) His mass
ii) His weight on the moon where g=1.6N/kg

18. An astronaut weighs 800 N on mars where g=16N/kg. Calculate

i) His mass
ii) His weight on Jupiter where g=20N/kg.

19. An object weighs 600 N on Earth. What would its weight be on another planet
of gravitational acceleration 8 N/kg.

F O R M 1 N O T E S: F O R C E Pg 6
 20. A body weighs 600N on the surface of the earth where g = 10N/Kg and
150N on the surface of Venus. Calculate the value force of gravity on Venus.

21. An astronaut weighs 1200 N on Jupiter which has gravitational strength of

20N/Kg. Calculate
i) His mass on Jupiter
ii) His weight on the Earth.

22. The weight of a stone on the moon is found to be 48N. Determine its weight
on earth given that the gravitational force on the moon is 1.6N/kg

23. An object weighs 8.0 N on Earth. What would its weight be on another planet
of gravitational acceleration 6.25 N/kg given that acceleration due to gravity
on earth is 9.8N/kg (2mks)

24. The graph in the figure below shows the variation of the weights W of various
objects with their respective masses,
.
60

50
W (N)

40

30

20

10

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
M (kg)

Use the graph to determine the gravitational field strength. (3 mks)

F O R M 1 N O T E S: F O R C E Pg 7
 SCHEEM
1. Explain the following observation;
Cohesive force in water molecules is high  1mk
2. Explain the washing effect of soap. (1mk)
Detergent lowers the surface tension of water making it stick to dirt and
remove it. 1/Penetrate the space between dirt and fabric.

3. Give a reason why lamp – wicks are usually made of cotton. (1mk)
Adhesive force between kerosene and cotton is higher than cohesive force
between kerosene molecules. ;
4. Name two kinds forces that determine the shape of a liquid drop on solid
surface.
Adhesive√1 and cohesive√1 force.
5. Explain why you can dry your hands with a towel but not with a sheet of
polythene (1mk)
The force of adhesion between water and the towel is higher than that
between water and the polythene sheet; (1mk)
25. Give a reason why the weight of a body varies from place to place.
ANS Distances vary from the centre of earth to different places hence the
weight of a body on those different places vary ( 1mk)

Ans Increase in temperature lower surface tension force;

Original level
New level

26. Figure a & b below shows narrow tubes dipped in mercury and water
respectively. The temperatures of the two liquids in the containers are raised
slightly. Indicate the new levels of mercury and water in the tubes
respectively. (1 mk)

Tube Tube

Water
Mercury

F O R M 1 N O T E S: F O R C E Pg 8