YCT Alternating Current NEET JEE Practice Questions

23.
Alternating Current
Ans. (b) : Given,
(A) A.C. Voltage in Resistor and Phasor Inductance (L) = 70 mH = 70 × 10–3
(Average or mean current, Root Voltage (V) = 220V
mean square or virtual current Irms, Frequency (f) = 50 Hz
Resistor and Phasor) We know that
The impedance of inductor is –
1. If voltage across a bulb rated 220V, 100W XL = ωL
drops by 2.5 % of its rated value, the XL = 2πfL
percentage of the rated value by which the
power would decrease is = 2 × 3.14 × 50 × 70 × 10–3
(a) 5% (b) 10% XL = 21.99Ω ≈ 22Ω
(c) 20% (d) 2.5% V 220
Karnataka CET-2022 Now, I rms = =
XL 22
Ans. (a) : Given, Irms = 10A
∆V 4. A circuit element X when connected to an a.c.
Voltage drop, = 2.5%
V supply of peak voltage 100 V gives a peak
Bulb rating, 220V – 100 W current of 5 A which is in phase with the
We know that, voltage. A second element Y when connected to
the same a.c. supply also gives the same value
V2
P= of peak current which lags behind the voltage
R π
So, For small variation, by . If X and Y are connected in series to the
2
∆P 2 × ∆V same supply, what will be the rms value of the
×100 = × 100
P V current in ampere?
∆P 10 5
% = 2 × 2.5% = 5% (a) (b)
P 2 2
2. The INCORRECT statement is 5
(a) The direction of eddy currents is given by (c) 5 2 (d)
Lenz’ law 2
(b) A choke coil is a pure inductor used for JEE Main-29.07.2022, Shift-II
controlling current in an A.C. circuit Ans. (d) : Given,
(c) The r.m.s. value of A.C. current is 2 times Voltage (V) = 100 V
the peak value of A.C. current Current (I) = 5A
(d) Quality factor is a measure of sharpness of Phase angle (φ) = π/2
resonance in A.C. circuit In element X, current is in phase with applied voltage.
(e) Magnetic field energy stored in an inductor of So, X must be resistor
1 V 100
inductance L is LI2 R= 0 = = 20 Ω
2 I0 5
Kerala CEE 04.07.2022 In element Y, current lags behind the voltage by π/2.
1 So, Y must be an inductor
Ans. (c) : The r.m.s value of AC current is time of
2 V 100
XL = 0 = = 20 Ω
the peak value of A.C current not 2 times of the peak I0 5
value of AC current In series combination of X & Y –
3. A 70 mH inductor is connected to 220 V. 50Hz
AC supply. The rms value of the current in the
circuit is
100
(a) A (b) 10A
2π
Z = R 2 + X L2 = 202 + 202 = 20 2
50 10 2
(c) A (d) A Vrms V 100 100 5
π π I rms = = 0 = = = A
AP EAMCET-05.07.2022, Shift-II Z Z 2 2 × 20 2 40 2
Alternating Current 738 YCT

5. A 100 µF capacitor is connected to a 100 V, 50 Squaring on both side,
Hz AC supply. The rms value of the current is V 2 = VR2 + VL2
(a) 3.14 A (b) 4.75 A
(c) 2.33 A (d) 5.5 A VL2 = V 2 − VR2
AP EAMCET-07.07.2022, Shift-I VL2 = 20 2 − 122
Ans. (a) : Given, VL2 = 400 − 144
Capacitor C = 100 µf = 100 × 10–6 F
Voltage, V = 100V, VL2 = 256
Frequency, f = 50 Hz VL = 256
We know that,
VL = 16 V
The impedance of the capacitor is –
Hence, the voltage across the coil is 16 V.
1
XC = 8. An alternating current is given by i =
ωC 2sinωt+6cosωt. The rms current in amperes is
1
XC = (ω = 2πf) (a) 2 5 (b) 2 10
2πfC
(c) 5 (d) 10 2
1
XC = TS EAMCET 04.08.2021, Shift-I
2 × 3.14 × 50 ×100 ×10−6
Ans. (a) : Given,
XC = 3.184 × 101 = 31.84Ω
The Irms value is – i = 2 sin ωt + 6cos ωt
We know that,
V 100 I = I1 cos ωt + I2 sinωt
I rms = =
X C 31.84 Resultant current,
I rms = 3.14 A
i = I12 + I 22 + I1I2 cos 90°
6. An alternating current is given by i = i1 cosωt +
i2 sin ωt. The rms current is given by: i = 22 + 62 + 2 × 6 × 0
i +i i −i i = 4 + 36 = 40
(a) 1 2 (b) 2 1
2 2 I 40
Now, i rms = = = 20 = 2 5
 i12 + i 22   i12 − i 22  2 2
(c)  2  (d)  
   2  i rms = 2 5 A
Karnataka CET-2022 9. A resistance of 20 Ω is connected to an
Assam CEE-2019 alternating current source of 110 V. If the
JCECE-2005 frequency of the AC source is 50 Hz, then the
Ans. (c) : Given, time taken by the current to change from its
i = i1cos ωt + i2 sin ωt maximum value to the rms value is
(a) 4 ms (b) 2.5 s
i rms = i 2 = ( i1 cos ωt + i 2 sin ωt )
2
(c) 2 s (d) 2.5 ms
TS EAMCET 04.08.2021, Shift-II
= i12 cos 2 ωt + i 22 sin 2 ωt + 2i1i 2 sin ωtcos ωt Ans. (d) : Given,
1 1  Over a fullcycle  Resistance (R) = 20Ω
= i12 × + i 22 × sin ωt = cos ωt = 0  Voltage (V) = 110 V
2 2   Frequency (f) = 50 Hz
 cos2 ωt = sin 2 ωt =  1
 2  We know that,
i12 + i 22 i = i0 cos 2π ft
i rms = irms = i 0 / 2
2
7. A 20 V AC is applied to a circuit consisting of a On comparing time to move maximum value to r.m.s
resistor and a coil with negligible resistance. If value
the voltage across the resistor is 12 V, the 1
voltage across the coil is––– t=
8f
(a) 16 V (b) 10 V
1
(c) 8 V (d) 6 V t=
AP EAMCET-20.08.2021, Shift-I 8 × 50
Ans. (a) : Given, voltage (V) = 20V t = 2.5 × 10–3 s
Voltage across resistor ( VR) = 12V t = 2.5 ms
In L-R combination, voltage is given as 10. In the given circuit the peak voltage across C, L
and R are 30 V, 110 V and 60 V respectively.
V = VR + VL
2 2
The rms value of the applied voltage is
1
= ωL
ωC
1
ω2 =
LC
(a) 100 V (b) 200 V 1
ω=
(c) 70.7 V (d) 141 V LC
Karnataka CET-2020 1
Ans. (c) : Given, Hence, when angular frequency (ω) = then
LC
Voltage across resistor (VR) = 60V impedance is minimum.
Voltage across capacitor (VC) = 30V
13. The frequency of an alternating current is 50
Voltage across inductor (VL) = 110V Hz. What is the minimum time taken by
Resultant voltage in LCR circuit, current to reach its peak value from rms value?
V0 = VR2 + ( VL − VC )
2 (a) 5 × 10–3 s (b) 2.5 × 10–3 s
(c) 0.02 s (d) 10 × 10–3 s
( 60 ) + (110 − 30 )
2 2
V0 = Karnataka CET-2019
Ans. (b) : Given,
V0 = 3600 + ( 80 )
2
Frequency (f) = 50 Hz
We know that,
V0 = 3600 + 6400 i = i0cosωt
V0 = 10,000 i0
V0 = 100 = i 0 cos ωt
2
Now, rms voltage,
1
V0 100 50 × 2 × 2 = cos ωt
Vrms = = = 2
2 2 2 1
= cos 2πft
Vrms = 50 2 2
Vrms = 50 × 1.414 = 70.7V π  1 π
11. Van De graff generator is used to cos = cos 2πft Q = cos 
(a) Create a high potential of range of few
4  2 4
million volts π
= 2π × 50t
(b) Create a low potential of range of few million 4
volts 1
(c) To de-accelerate projectile; like protons, t= = 2.5 × 10 −3 s
8 × 50
deuterons etc. Hence, time required t = 2.5 × 10–3 s for current to reach
(d) It cannot be used to study collision its peak value from rms value.
experiments in physics
14. In the series LCR circuit, the power dissipation
JIPMER-2019 is through
Ans. (a) : Van de Graff Generator is defined as a device (a) R (b) L
which produce very high voltage by means of an (c) C (d) both L and C
endless belt collecting electrostatic charge from a Karnataka CET-2018
source and transferring it to a large isolated metal
sphere on which a large charge accumulates. Ans. (a) : The resistance opposes the flow of electric
current. So, the resistance of any circuit dissipates the power.
12. In an LCR series circuit ( of inductance L, The capacitor and inductor are the storage devices that
capacitance C and resistance R), the impedance store the energy in it.
is minimum when the angular frequency of the The inductor and capacitor can't dissipate energy
source is given by
15. A 100 W bulb is connected to an AC source of
1 220 V, 50 Hz. Then, the current flowing
(a) LC (b)
LC through the bulb is
L C 5 1
(c) (d) (a) A (b) A
C L 11 2
3
(e) LCR (c) 2 A (d) A
4
Kerala CEE-2019
Karnataka CET-2018
Ans. (b) : In LCR circuit, Ans. (a) : Given,
At the resonance condition, Voltage, V = 220V
Capacitive reactance = Inductive reactance Frequency, f = 50 Hz
XC = XL Power, P = 100 W
We know that, Ans. (a) : Given that,
P=V×I Impedance of the circuit (Z) = 1414Ω
100 = 220 × I π
100 5 Difference between emf and currents (φ) =
I= = A 4
220 11
5
A.
Hence, the current flowing through the bulb, I =
11
16. The phase difference between the current and
voltage is In above figure, current is ahead of voltage, so its RC
circuit. So, P is Resistance and Q is capacitor.
Now RC circuit is
(a) 45° (b) 30° (c) 50° (d) 90°

COMEDK 2018
Ans. (a) : We have,
AC voltage, V = 2cos(100t + φ) Impedence, Z = R 2 + X C2 …(i)
Inductance, L = 20 mH Z = 1414 = 1.414 × 1000
Resistance, R = 2Ω
Z = 1000 2
Phase difference in LR circuit,
(1000 ) + (1000 )
2 2
 100 × 20 × 10 −3  So, Z=
Phase difference, φ = tan −1  
 2  We compare with equation (i)
φ = tan 1
–1
R = 1000Ω = 1kΩ, XC = 1000
φ = 45° Now,
Hence, the phase difference between voltage and 1
current, φ = 45°. Capacitor C =
ωX C
17. A sinusoidal A.C. current flows through a
resistor of resistance 10Ω. If the peak current 2 1
= [ω = 100]
A flowing through the resistor then the power 100 × 1000
dissipated in _____ W. = 10×10–6 F = 10 µF
(a) 30 (b) 20 (c) 10 (d) 40
The value of P and Q is 1kΩ and 10 µF.
GUJCET 2018
19. Voltage and current in an AC circuit are given by
Ans. (b) : Given,
Resistance, R = 10Ω  π  π
V = 5sin  100πt −  and I = 4sin  100πt + 
Peak current, I0 = 2A  6  6
I 2 (a) voltage leads the current by 30º
Irms = 0 = = 2 Amp
2 2 (b) current leads the voltage by 30º
We know that, (c) current leads the voltage by 60º
(d) voltage leads the current by 60º
( 2 ) ×10 = 20 W
2
The power dissipated, P = I2rms × R = Manipal UGET-2018
18. For the AC circuit shown below, phase Ans. (c) : Given that,
π  π
difference between emf and current is radian Voltage of AC circuit (V) = 5 sin 100πt − 
4  6
as shown in the graph. If the impedance of the
circuit is 1414 Ω, then the values of P and Q are  π
Current of AC circuit (I) = 4 sin 100πt + 
 6
The phase difference of AC current and voltage
∆φ = φi – φv
 π  π
=  100πt +  − 100πt − 
 6  6
π π π
= + = = 60°
6 6 3
Hence, current leads the voltage by 60°.
(a) 1 kΩ, 10µF (b) 1 kΩ, 1µF 20. In the A.C. circuit shown, keeping 'K' pressed,
(c) 1 kΩ, 10mH (d) 1 kΩ, 1mH if an iron rod inserted into the coil, the bulb in
AP EAMCET (22.04.2018) Shift-1, AMU-2012 the circuit
E 0 ωC
i rms =
2
200 2 × 100 × 1× 10 −6
i rms =
2
(a) glows less brightly
(b) glows with same brightness (as before the rod i rms = 20000 × 10–6
is inserted) i rms = 2 × 10–2 A
(c) gets damaged
(d) glows more brightly i rms = 20 mA
Karnataka CET-2017 24. A 10µF capacitor is connected across a 200 V,
MP PMT-2013 50 Hz AC supply. The peak current through
Ans. (a) : On inserting iron rod, the inductance (XL) of the circuit is :
the coil increases (a) 0.6 2A (b) 0.6 A
V 0.6π 0.6
Current (I) = (c) A (d) A
XL 2 2
If the inductance increases then current will decrease JCECE-2004
and bulb will glows less brightly.
Ans. (a) : Given,
21. An A.C. source is connected to a resistive
circuit. which of the following is true? Capacitor, C = 10µF = 10 × 10–6 F
(a) Current leads ahead of voltage in phase Voltage, V = 200 V
(b) Current lags behind voltage in phase Frequency of AC supply = 50 Hz
(c) Current and voltage are in same phase We know that, impedance of a capacitor is -
(d) Any of the above may be true depending 1 1
upon the value of resistance XC = , XC =
ωC 2πfC
VITEEE-2017
1
Ans. (c) : When resistance is connected to AC source, XC =
then current and voltage are in same phase. 2π × 50 ×10 × 10 −6
In a pure ohmic-AC resistance, the current and voltage V
Rms current, I =
are both in same phase as there is no phase difference XC
between them.
200
22. The amplitude of an alternating voltage is 120 I=
V. What will be its rms value? 1
(a) 84.8 V (b) 70.7 V 2π × 50 ×10 × 10−6
(c) 56.5 V (d) 101.3V I = 200 × 2π × 50 × 10 × 10–6
COMEDK 2017 I = 0.628 A
Ans. (a) : Given, Peak current, Imax = 2 I = 2 × 0.628
Peak voltage, V0 = 120V
The rms value of voltage, = 0.628 2 A ≈ 0.6 2 A
V 120 25.
The alternating voltage and current in an
Vrms = 0 = = 84.8 V
2 2 electric circuit are respectively given by
E = 100 sin 100 πt, I = 5 sin 100 πt
23. An alternating voltage E = 200 2 sin (100t) V
The reactance of the circuit will be
is connected to a 1µF capacitor through an AC
ammeter. The reading of ammeter is (a) 1 Ω (b) 0.05 Ω
(a) 10 m A (b) 20 m A (c) 20 Ω (d) zero
(c) 40 m A (d) 80 m A Manipal UGET-2015
Manipal UGET-2011 Ans. (c) : Given that,
Ans. (b) : Given, Alternating voltage, E = 100 sin 100πt .....(i)
Alternating voltage, E = 200 2 sin (100t)V Current, I = 5 sin 100πt .....(ii)
Capacitor = 1µF = 1 × 10–6 F From equation (i) & (ii), we get–
Angular velocity, ω = 100 rad/sec E0 = 100 V
V I0 = 5 A
So, the Reading of ammeter, i rms = rms
XC E 100
E rms = 0 = V
E0  E0  2 2
i rms =
1  E rms = 2  I 5
2⋅   And, I rms = 0 =
ωC 2 2
Now, we know that– ∴ I0 = 2A
E For maximum current
Reactance of circuit (R) = rms
Irms  π
2 = 2sin 100πt + 
100 / 2  3
R= = 20Ω  π 
5/ 2 1 = sin  100πt + 
26. The peak value of an alternating emf E given  3
by E = E0cos ωt is 10 V and its frequency is 50 π  π  π
sin = sin  100πt +  Q1 = sin 
 1  2  3  2
Hz. At a time t =   s, the instantaneous
 600  π π
value of the emf is = 100πt +
2 3
(a) 10 V (b) 5 3 V π
= 100πt
(c) 5 V (d) 1 V 6
Manipal UGET-2010 1
t= s
Ans. (b) : Given that, 600
Voltage, E0 = 10V Hence, the current will be maximum for the first time at
Frequency (f) = 50 Hz 1
t= s.
1 600
Time (t) = s
600 29. The ratio of peak value and rms value of an
Now, instantaneous value of emf, alternating current is
E = E0 cos ωt = E0 cos(2πft) 1
(a) 1 (b)
 1  2
E = 10cos  2π × 50 ×  [ω = 2πf]
 600  1
(c) 2 (d)
π 2
E = 10cos  
6 CG PET- 2005, BITSAT-2005
Ans. (c) : We know that,
3
E = 10 × =5 3V I
2 I rms = 0
27. On an AC circuit, the hot wire ammeter reads 2
current 10 A. Its peak value is Where, I0 = Peak current
(a) 10A (b) 20A I0
(c) 14.14 A (d) 7.07 A = 2
I rms
CG PET- 2011
Hence, the ratio of peak value and rms value of
Ans. (c) : The ammeter reads the rms value of current.
So, Irms = 10A alternating current is 2.
30. An alternating voltage is represented as E=20
I
Irms = peak sin 300 t. The average value of voltage over one
2 cycle will be
or I peak = 2 Irms (a) zero (b) 10V
20
Ipeak = 1.414 × 10 (c) 20 2V (d) V
Ipeak = 14.14 A 2
28. The instantaneous value of current in An AC CG PET- 2005
  π  Ans. (a) : Given,
circuit is I=2 sin 100πt +    A. the current Alternating voltage, E = 20sin300t
  3  The average value of voltage over one cycle will be
will be maximum for the first time at zero because its sine function and average values of sine
1 1 function over one cycle is always zero.
(a) t = s (b) t = s
100 200 31. The instantaneous current from an a.c. source
is I = 6 sin 314t. What is the rms value of the
1 1
(c) t = s (d) t = s current?
400 600 (a) 3 2 amp (b) 2 2 amp
CG PET- 2008
(c) 2 amp (d) 2 amp
Ans. (d) : Given that, BITSAT-2009
 π Ans. (a) : Given,
Instantaneous value of current I = 2sin  100πt + 
 3 I = 6 sin 314 t
We compare with I = I0 sin (ωt + φ) We compare given equation with standard equation.

I = I0 sinωt Ans. (a) : Given,
So, I0 = 6A AC voltage source,
I 6 ∆V = 200 sin2πft = 200sinωt …(i)
I rms = 0 = Resistance, R = 100Ω
2 2
Equation (i) is compare with standard equation of AC
I rms = 3 2 A voltage
32. A direct current of 5A is superimposed on an V = V0 sin ωt
alternating current I = 10 sin ωt flowing V0 = 200V
through the wire. The effective value of the V 200
resulting current will be rms voltage of source, Vrms = 0 = = 100 2
2 2
(a) (15 2 )A (b) 5 3A
Vrms 100 2
(c) 5 5A (d) 15 A Thus the rms current, Irms = =
BITSAT-2015 R 100
Ans. (b) : Given, = 2 = 1.414 A
Direct current, I = 5A 35. An AC source of voltage E = 20 sin 100 t is
AC current, I = 10 sin ωt connected across a resistance 20Ω. The rms
We compare of above equation with standard equation value of current in the circuit is
I = I0 sinωt 1
I0 = 10 (a) 1 A (b) A
2
I 10 (c) 2A (d) 2 2A
The rms value of AC current, Irms = 0 =
2 2 1
So, the resultant of AC current– (e) A
2
2
 10  Kerala CEE- 2013
 + ( 5)
2
Ires = I 2AC + I2DC =  Ans. (e) : Given,
 2
AC voltage source, E = 20 sin 100t …(i)
100 Resistance, R = 20Ω
= + 25 = 75 = 5 3 A
2 Standard equation of voltage,
33. An inductor of 1 H is connected across a 220 V, E = E0 sin ωt .....(ii)
50 Hz supply. The peak value of the current is From equation (i) & (ii), we get–
approximately E0 = 20V
(a) 0.5 A (b) 0.7 A E
(c) 1 A (d) 1.4 A I0 = 0
UPSEE - 2013, BCECE-2010 R
20
Ans. (c) : Given, I0 =
rms voltage, Vrms = 220V 20
Frequency, f = 50 Hz I 0= 1 A
Inductance, L = 1H I 1
We know that, Now, the rms current Irms = 0 = A
2 2
Inductance Reactance XC = ωL
36. If E = 100 sin (100 t) volt and I = 100 sin
= 2πf.L (ω = 2πf)
= 2π 50 × 1= 314 Ω  π
 100t +  mA are the instantaneous values of
V  3
So, the rms value of current, Irms = rms voltage and current, then the rms values of
XL voltage and current are respectively
220 (a) 70.7 V, 70.7 mA (b) 70.7 V, 70.7 A
I rms = (c) 141.4 V 141.4 mA (d) 141.4 V, 141.4 A
314
I rms = 0.7 A (e) 100 V, 100 mA
BCECE-2015, Kerala CEE - 2011
Peak value of current, I0 = 2 Irms
Ans. (a) : Given,
I0 = 1.414 × 0.7 = 1A Instantaneous voltage E = 100 sin (100t)V
Hence, the peak value of current, I0 = 1A.
Comparing with standard equation,
34. An AC voltage source has an output of E = E0 sin(ωt)V
∆V = ( 200V ) sin 2πft. This source is connected E0 = 100V
to a 100 Ω resistor. RMS current in the ω = 100 rad/s
resistance is The rms value of voltage,
(a) 1.41 A (b) 2.41 A
E 100
(c) 3.41 A (d) 0.71 A E rms = 0 = = 70.7 V
UPSEE - 2009 2 2

Now, instantaneous current, 39. A pure resistive circuit element X when
π connected to an AC supply of peak voltage 200 V
I = 100 sin(100t + )mA gives a peak current of 5A. A second current
3 element Y when connected to same AC supply
Comparing with standard equation, gives the same value of peak current but the
I = I0 sin(ωt + φ) current lags behind by 90º. If series combination
I0 = 100 mA, ω = 100 rad/s of X and Y is connected to the same supply, what
The rms value of current is, is the impedance of the circuit?
I 100 (a) 40 Ω (b) 80 Ω
I rms = 0 = = 70.7 mA (c) 40 2Ω (d) 2 40Ω
2 2
JCECE-2013
 0.4 
37. In a L-R circuit, the value of L is   H and Ans. (c) : Given, Peak voltage, V0 = 200 V
 π  Peak current, I0 = 5 A
the value of R is 30Ω. If in the circuit, an Now, in element X, current voltage are in same phase.
alternating emf of 200V at 50 cycles/s is So, X must be resistor.
connected, the impedance of the circuit and
current will be V 200
X=R= 0 = = 40Ω
(a) 11.4Ω, 17.5 A (b) 30.7Ω, 6.5 A I0 5
(c) 40.4Ω, 5 A (d) 50Ω, 4 A And, in element Y, current lags behind the voltage by
(e) 35Ω, 6.5 A 90°. So, Y must be an inductor.
Kerala CEE 2007 V 200
Y = XL = 0 = = 40Ω
 0.4  I0 5
Ans. (d) : Given, Inductance (L) =  H
 π  According to question,
Resistance (R) = 30Ω X and Y connected in series
Voltage (V) = 200V Then, impedance of the circuit,
Frequency (f) = Z = 50 cycle/sec
Inductive reactance (XL) = ωL = 2πfL
0.4
XL = 2π × 50 × = 40Ω
π
We know that,
Impedance of LR circuit is, (Z) = R 2 + (X L )2 , Z = (40) 2 + (40) 2
( 30 ) + ( 40 )
2 2
Z= R +X 2 2
L = = 50 Ω Z = 40 2 Ω
V 200 40. If an AC produces same heat as that produced
And, I= = = 4A
Z 50 by a steady current of 4 A, then peak value of
Hence, the impedance (Z) = 50Ω and current (I) = 4A current is :
38. If an alternating voltage is represented as E = (a) 4 A (b) 1.56 A
141 sin (628 t), then the rms value of the (c) 5.6 A (d) 1.41 A
voltage and the frequency are respectively: JCECE-2006
(a) 141 V, 628 Hz (b) 100 V, 50 Hz Ans. (c) : Given, Irms = 4A
(c) 100 V, 100 Hz (d) 141 V, 100 HZ We know that,
(e) 100 V, 314 HZ I
Kerala CEE 2005 I rms = 0
Ans. (c) : Given, 2
Voltage, E = 141 sin (628 t) .....(i) The peak value of current (I0) is,
Standard equation of AC voltage, I0 = Irms 2 = 4 2 = 5.6A
E = E0sin(ωt) .....(ii) 41. A device for generating an alternating current
On comparing equation (i) and (ii), of a desired frequency is known as :
E0 = 141 V (a) an oscillator (b) an amplifier
ω = 628 rad/s (c) a rectifier (d) none of these
The rms value of voltage, JCECE-2003
E 141 141 Ans. (a) : An oscillator are electronic circuit that
E rms = 0 = = = 100 V generate a continues periodic wave form at a precise
2 2 1.41 frequency.
And frequency,
Amplifier is a device which increases the amplitude of
ω = 2πf
the input signal.
628 = 2π × f
Rectifier is a circuit which converts AC to
628 628 unidirectional pulsating output and in other words it
f= = = 100 Hz
2 × 3.14 6.28 converts AC to DC.
42. For an A.C given by l = 50 cos (100t + 450) A. Ans. (c) : Given,
The value of lrms = _____A. AC voltage, V = 141.4 sin(100πt)
(a) Zero (b) 50 2 (c) 25 (d) 25 2 Impedance of circuit, Z = 50Ω
GUJCET 2017 Resistance, R = 40Ω,
Ans. (d) : Given that, Irms = ?
I = 50cos(100t + 45°)A .....(i) I V  V0 
Standard equation, RMS current, Irms = 0 = 0 Q I0 = 
2 2Z  Z
I = I0cos(ωt + φ) .....(ii)
From equation (i) & (ii), we get– 141.4
= = 2A
I0 = 50 A (1.414)(50)
I 50 46. The mean or average value of AC over a
So, I rms = 0 = = 25 2 A complete cycle is
2 2
(a) 100 (b) 0
43. An electric current has both D.C. and A.C.
Components D.C. Component of 8A and A.C. (c) 50 (d) Infinity
Component is given as I = 6 sinωt A. So Irms COMEDK 2015
value of resultant current is_____ Ans. (b) : The mean or average value of alternating
(a) 8.05 A (b) 9.05 A current over a full cycle is always zero.
(c) 11.58 A (d) 13.58 A 47. If instantaneous current is given by I = 4
GUJCET 2014 cos( ωt+φ) A, then the rms value of current is
Ans. (b) : Given, (a) 2 2A (b) 4A
Direct Current (IDC) = 8A (c) 4 2A (d) 0A
Alternating current (IAC) = 6 sinωt A COMEDK 2015
Resultant current
IR = IDC + IAC Ans. (a) : Given,
IR = 8 + 6 sinωt Instantaneous current, I = 4 cos(ωt + φ)A .....(i)
Now, Irms of Resultant current (IR), Standard equation,
I = I0 cos (ωt + φ) .....(ii)
Irms =
2
IR = ( 8 + 6 sin ωt )2 From equation (i) & (ii), we get–
I0 = 4
Irms = 64 + 96 ( sin ωt ) + 36 ( sin 2 ωt ) We know that,
Irms = 64 + 96 × 0 + 36 × 1 Irms = 0 =
I 4
= 2 2 Amp
2
2 2
 Overa full cycle 
 48. The peak value of alternating voltage is 846
sin ωt = 0, sin 2 ωt = 1  volts. Its root mean square value is
 2
846
Irms = 82 , Irms = 9.05A (a) volts (b) 846 volts
2
44. A circuit element is connected to an alternating
voltage supply of variable frequency. When the (c) 846 2 Volts (d) zero
frequency is increased, current in the circuit is COMEDK 2016
found to remain same. The circuit element is
Ans. (a) : Given,
(a) Capacitor only
Peak voltage, V0 = 846V
(b) Resistor only
The rms value of voltage is,
(c) Inductor only
(d) Either a capacitor or an inductor V 846
I rms = 0 = V
COMEDK 2011 2 2
Ans. (b) : Resistance is not dependent upon frequency 49. A generator produces a voltage that is given by
of AC source. So the resistance of the circuit remains V = 240 sin120t where t is in sec. The frequency
same and current will be same as it depends on the and rms voltage are
amplitude of AC source only. (a) 19 Hz and 170 V (b) 19 Hz and 120 V
Read the following passage and answer (c) 60 Hz and 240 V (d) 754 Hz and 70 V
question No. 45: COMEDK 2016
AC supply represented by V=141.4 sin (100πt) is Ans. (a) : Given,
applied to a series L-C-R circuit of impedance
Voltage, V = 240 sin 120t .....(i)
50Ω where resistance has a value 40Ω. The circuit
is behaving capacitive. Standard equation,
45. R.M.S. current, in A, in the circuit is V = V0 sin ωt .....(ii)
(a) 1 (b) 5 From equation (i) & (ii), we get–
(c) 2 (d) 2.5 V0 = 240V
COMEDK 2011 ω = 120 rad/sec

rms value of voltage, Put the value in eqn (i) –
V 240 V = 120 2 × sin(2πft) [ω = 2πf]
Vrms = 0 = = 170 V
2 2  1 
Now, frequency– = 120 2 sin  2 × π× 60 × 
 720 
ω = 2πf
= 60 2 = 84.8 V
ω 120
f= = = 19 Hz 53. Using an AC voltmeter the potential difference
2π 2 × 3.14 in the electrical line in a house is read to be
50. Assertion: The resistance offered by an inductor 234V. If the line frequency is known to be 50
in a d.c. circuit is always constant. cycles/second, the equation for the line voltage
Reason: The resistance of inductor in steady is given as
state is non-zero. (a) V=165sin(100πt) (b) V=331sin(100πt)
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and (c) V=220sin(100πt) (d) V=440sin(100πt)
reason is the correct explanation of the
Assertion. VITEEE-2010
Ans. (b) : Given,
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
the Reason is not the correct explanation of Vrms = 234V
the Assertion Frequency, f = 50 cycle/sec
Peak voltage,
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect V0 = 2 Vrms = 2 × 234 = 331 V
AIIMS-2010
And ω = 2πft = 2π × 50 × t = 100 πt
Ans. (d) : Resistance offered by an inductor in a d.c.
Thus, the eqn of the line voltage is,
circuit at t = 0 is infinity, which decreases to zero at
steady current. V = V0 sinωt
Hence, both the assertion and reason incorrect. V = 331sin(100πt)
51. Assertion: Long distance power transmission is 54. RMS value of AC is _______of the peak value.
done at high voltage. (a) 7% (b) 7.7% (c) 70% (d) 70.7%
Reason: At high voltage supply power losses VITEEE-2006
are less. Ans. (d) : We know that,
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
I
reason is the correct explanation of Assertion. Irms = 0 = 0.707 I0
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but 2
Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion I0 = Peak value
∴ It is 70.7% of peak value.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect
55. The rms value of current in a 50 Hz AC circuit
AIIMS-2011, 2003 is 6 A. The average value of AC current over a
Ans. (a) : At long distance power transmission is done cycle is
at high voltage. 3
2 (a) 6 2 (b)
P π 2
Power loss = I R =   R
2
V 6
Where, P = Transmitted power (c) Zero (d)
At high voltage power losses are less. π 2
Hence, both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the Karnataka CET-2016
correct explanation of (A). Ans. (c) : Average value of AC current over a cycle is
52. An AC source is 120 V-60 Hz. The value of zero.
1 56. An ideal resistance R, ideal inductance L, ideal
voltage after s from start will be- capacitance C and AC voltmeters V1, V2, V3
720 and V4 are connected to an AC source as
(a) 20.2V (b) 42.4V shown. At resonance,
(c) 84.8V (d) 106.8V
BCECE-2010
Ans. (c) : Given,
Vrms = 120V
Frequency, f = 60 Hz
1
Time, t = sec
720 (a) reading in V2 = reading in V3
Standard equation of AC voltage, (b) reading in V3 = reading in V1
V = V0 sin ωt …(i) (c) reading in V1 = reading in V2
Where, (d) reading in V2 = reading in V4
V0 = 2 Vrms = 2 × 120 = 120 2 V Karnataka CET-2012
Ans. (a) : In RLC circuit I0 = 2 × I rms = 2 × 10 = 10 2 A
At resonance condition,
Voltage across inductor = Voltage across capacitor Hence, the peak value of current, I0 = 10 2 A.
VL = VC 61. The peak value of alternating current is 5 2
Hence, reading in V2 = reading in V3 ampere. The mean square value of current will be
57. Whenever there is a relative motion between a (a) 5 A (b) 2.5 A
coil and a magnet, the magnitude of induced (c) 5 2 A (d) None of the above
emf set up in the coil does not depend upon the
JIPMER-2004
(a) relative speed between the coil and magnet
(b) magnetic moment of the coil Ans. (a) : Given,
(c) resistance of the coil Peak value of current, I0 = 5 2
(d) number of turns in the coil I0 5 2
J&K CET- 2009 So, I rms = = , I rms = 5A
2 2
Ans. (c) : Magnitude of induced emf in a coil does not
depend on the resistance of the coil. 62. Average power generated in an inductor
connected to an AC source is
58. The time taken by an alternating current of 50
Hz in reaching from zero to its maximum value 1
(a) Li 2 (b) Li2
will be 2
(a) 0.5 s (b) 0.005 s (c) zero (d) none of these
(c) 0.05 s (d) 5 s DCE-2007
Manipal UGET-2011, J&K CET- 2005 Ans. (c) : When an AC source is connected to an
Ans. (b) : Given, inductor the phase difference between current and
f = 50 Hz applied voltage
Time required to reach from zero to maximum is φ = π/2
quarter time period. Average power (P) = Vrms Irms cos φ
T= =
1 1
f 50
= 0.02 sec ( )
Pavg = Vrms Irms cos π
2
Pavg = 0
T 0.02
Time required = = = 0.005 s So, the power generated in an inductor connected to an
4 4 AC source is zero.
59. A magnet makes a single pass through a coil. (B) A.C. Voltage Applied to Inductance
Then across the ends of the coil it produces
(a) d.c. voltage (b) sinusoidal voltage
& Capacitor (Pure Inductance L,
(c) single voltage pulse (d) two voltage pulses Pure capacitor C, RL, RC)
J&K-CET-2015 63. An ac source is connected to a capacitor C. Due
Ans. (d) : to decrease in its operating frequency :
(a) displacement current increases.
(b) displacement current decreases.
(c) capacitive reactance remains constant.
As the figure shown above. The front face of the coil (d) capacitive reactance decreases.
facing the North pole will behave as North pole that NEET (UG)-07.05.2023
means anti - clockwise current flows in the coil. When Ans. (b) :
the coil moves away, the face in front of South pole of
V
the magnet behaves as North that means clockwise iC = iD = O sin ωt
current flows in the coil. XC
So, if a magnet makes a single pass through a coil, then iC = iD = (VOωC) sinωt
across the ends of the coil it produces two voltage pulses. On decreasing frequency iC ↓
60. If reading of an ammeter is 10 A, the peak 64. The net impedance of circuit (as shown in
value of current is figure) will be :
10 5
(a) A (b) A
2 2
(c) 20 2 A (d) 10 2 A
UP CPMT-2003, 2001
Ans. (d) : Given,
Irms = 10A
We know that, (a) 15Ω (b) 5 5 Ω
I
I rms = 0 (c) 25Ω (d) 10 2 Ω
2 NEET (UG)-07.05.2023

Ans. (b) : Given, Ans. (625) : Given, L = 2H, R = 4Ω, V = 10 volt
50
L= mH
π
103
C= µF
π In equilibrium inductor behaves as short circuit then,
R = 10Ω
V 10 5
ω ∴ I= = = A
f= = 50 R 4 2
2π 2
ω= 100π 1 1 5
And, E = LI 2 = × 2 ×  
For inductive reactance XL = ωL 2 2 2
50 E = 625 × 10–2 J
100π× ×10−3 = 5Ω
π 67. In the given figure, an inductor and a resistor
1 are connected in series with a battery of emf E
Capacitive reactance X C =
ωC Ea
volt. J/s represents the maximum rate at
1 2b
= = 10Ω
103 which the energy is stored in the magnetic field
100π× ×10−6
π (inductor).
R 2 − ( XL − XC ) b
2
Impedance Z = The numerical value of will be _______.
a
(10 ) + ( 5)
2 2
=
= 5 5Ω
65. Given below are two statements:
Statement I: When the frequency of an a.c. JEE Main-13.04.2023, Shift-I
source in a series LCR circuit increases, the Ans. (25) : We know that,
current in the circuit first increases, attains a
1
maximum value and then decreases. E = LI 2
Statement II: In a series LCR circuit, the value 2
of power factor at resonance is one. dE dI
In the light of given statements, choose the Rate of energy (P) = dt = LI dt
most appropriate answer from the options
given below: dP  d 2 I  dI  2 
= L I 2 +   
(a) Statement I is incorrect but statement II is dt  dt  dt  
true.
(b) Both statement I and statement II are false. dP
For maximum rate, =0
(c) Statement I is correct but statement II is false. dt
(d) Both statement I and statement II are true. 2
d2I  dI 
JEE Main-12.04.2023, Shift-I I 2 = −  ....(i)
Ans. (d) : In the series of RLC circuit – dt  dt 
We know that,
 −
tR

I = Io  1 + e L 
 
tR
dI Io R − L
= e
At resonance, XL = XC dt L
Impedance is minimum so the current will be d 2I I R 2 − tR
maximum, from the figure if f is increase the impedance 2
=− o 2 e L
also increase then current decrease , so statement (I) is dt L
correct. d 2 I dI
Putting this value 2 , equation (i), we get–
In RLC circuit at resonance, XL = XC dt dt
So, the circuit behaves as pure resistive circuit the
power factor will be unit so statement II is also correct.  −
tR
 I R 2 − tR I 2 R 2 − 2tR
Io 1 + e L  × o 2 e L = − o 2 e L
66. A coil has an inductance of 2H and resistance   L L
of 4 Ω. A 10 V is applied across the coil. The −
tR
−
tR
energy stored in the magnetic field after the 1 + e L = −e L
current has built up to its equilibrium value tR
will be ….×10–2J − 1
e L = ....(i)
JEE Main-11.04.2023, Shift-II 2
For maximum power, 70. For the given figures, choose the correct
−
tR options:
L
Putting this value e , we get–
dI
P = LI
dt
I R 1
P = LIo(1–1/2)  o × 
 L 2 (a) The rms current in figure (a) is always equal
Io2 R E2 to that in figure (b)
P= , P= (b) The rms current in circuit (b) can be larger
4 4R than that in (a)
According to the equation-
(c) The rms current in circuit (b) can never be
Ea larger than that in (a)
Rate of energy (P) =
2b (d) At resonance, current in (b) be less than that
Then, a = 2, 2b = 4R in (a)
b = 2R JEE Main-29.01.2023, Shift-II
b = 2 × 25 = 50 [Q R = 25Ω]
Ans. (c) : For circuit (a)–
b 50 We have,
The numerical value of = = 25
a 2 V = 220 Volt
68. A capacitor of capacitance 150.0 µF is R = 40 Ω
connected to an alternating source of emf given V 220
∴
by E = 36 sin (120πt) V. The maximum value of i= = = 5.5A
current in the circuit is approximately equal to: R 40
Now, for circuit (b)–
1
(a) 2A (b) A f = 50 Hz, C = 0.5 µF = 0.5 × 10–6 F,
(c) 2A (d) 2 2A
2 L = 50 mH = 50 × 10–3 H
JEE Main-06.04.2023, Shift-II
We have,
Ans. (a) : Given, C = 150 µF = 150 × 10–6 F
1
E = 36 sin(120πt)V XC =
Eo = 36, ω = 120 π 2πfC
We know that, 1 106
= −6
= Ω
E0 E0 2 × π× 50 × 0.5 × 10 50π
I0 = = = E 0 ωC And, XL = 2πfL = 2 × π × 50 × 50 × 10–3
XC 1
ωC = 5 × 103 × 10–3 × π
−6
I0 = 36 × 120π ×150 ×10 = 5πΩ
I0 = 2.03 = 2A Now it is clear that,
69. Consider the inductor arrangement shown in XC > XL
figure. the equivalent inductance of the And, X L is less than XC. Therefore, irms in circuit (b) can
arrangement between the points A and B is never be larger than circuit (a).
Hence, option (c) is correct.
71. A 0.01 H inductor and 3 π ohm resistance
are connected in series with a 220 V, 50 Hz AC
source. The phase difference between the
current and emf is
(a) ( L1 + L4 ) −  L2 L3  (b)  L1L 4  + L 2 + L3 π π
 L 2 − L3   L1 − L 4  (a) rad (b) rad
2 6
(c) ( L1 + L4 ) +  L2 L3  (d) L1 + L2 + L3 + L4 (c)
π
rad
π
(d) rad
 L 2 + L3  3 4
TS EAMCET 08.05.2019, Shift-I AP EAMCET(Medical)-2013
Ans. (c) : According to the figure, Ans. (b) :
L2 & L3 are in parallel Given,
L 2 L3 Inductor (L) = 0.01 H
So, equivalent of these two inductor =
L 2 + L3 Resistance (R) = 3π Ω
∴ Equivalent of L2 & L3 are in series with L1 & L4
Q Inductor and resistance are connected in series -
So, over all equivalent inductance across A & B
Then,
 L 2 L3 
L eq = ( L1 + L 4 ) +  
X
Phase difference (φ) = tan–1 L
 L 2 + L3  R

 ωL  Ans. (a) : Given that,
φ = tan –1   N = 100 turns
 R 
Current (I) = 5A
 2πfL  Magnetic flux (φ) = 5 × 10–5 Wb
φ = tan –1   ….(i)
 R  We know that,
Putting all the value in equation (i), we get - Nφ
Self- induction (L) =
 2π× 50 × 0.01  I
φ = tan –1  
 3π  100 × 5 × 10–5
L=
 1  5
φ = tan –1   = 30º L = 10–3H (Q 1mH = 10–3 H)
 3 L = 1mH
π 75. Two different coils of self-inductance L1, and
Or φ=
6 L2 are placed close to each other, so that the
72. Three identical resistors with resistance R = 12 effective flux in one coil is completely linked
Ω and two identical inductors with self with other. If M is the mutual inductance
inductance L = 5 mH are connected to an ideal between them, then
battery with emf of 12 V as shown in figure. (a) M = L1/L2 (b) M = L1L2
The current through the battery long after the (c) M = L1L 2 (d) M = (L1L2)2
switch has been closed will be _______ A.
MHT-CET 2012
Ans. (c) : According to question,
– ε1 –ε2
M= =
di1 / dt di 2 / dt
di di
JEE Main-24.01.2023, Shift-II Also, ε1 = –L1 1 and ε2 = –L2 2
dt dt
Ans. (3) : Here, inductors are compressed after a long ε ε
time. And there are three identical resistors with M2 = 1 2
= L1.L 2
resistance R = 12 Ω.  di1  di 2 
  
 dt  dt 
M = L1L 2
76. If N is the number of turns in a coil, the value
of self-inductance varies as
(a) Nº (b) N (c) N2 (d) N –2
Let R′ be the 3 resistors in parallel,
MHT-CET 2012
R 12
Then, R ′ = = = 4Ω Ans. (c) : Self inductance of a solenoid is given by -
3 3
V 12 µ N2A
∴ Current through battery (i) = = = 3A L= o
R′ 4 l
L ∝ N2
73. An alternating voltage source V = 260 sin
(628t) is connected across a pure inductor of Where, N = number of turns
5mH. Inductive reactance in the circuit is: A = Area of cross-section of the solenoid
(a) 3.14Ω (b) 6.28Ω l = Length of the solenoid
(c) 0.318Ω (d) 0.5Ω µ0 =Absolute permeability
JEE Main-31.01.2023, Shift-II Thus, self inductance is directly proportional to the
Ans. (a) : Given, V = 260 sin(628)t square of the number of turns in the coil.
Comparing with equation, 77. In a series LR circuit with XL = R, power factor
V = v0sinωt is P1. If a capacitor of capacitance C with XC =
XL is added to the circuit the power factor
ω = 628 becomes P2. The ratio of P1 to P2 will be:
L = 5 mH
We have inductive reactance, (a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 3 (c) 1 : 1 (d) 1: 2
−3
XL = ωL = 628 × 5 × 10 = 3140 × 10 −3 JEE Main-30.01.2023, Shift-I
∴ X = 3.14Ω Ans. (d) : Given, X L = R
L
74. What will be the self-inductance of a coil of 100
turns if a current of 5 A produces a magnetic
flux 5 × 10–5 Wb?
(a) 1 mH (b) 10 mH (c) 1 µH (d) 10 µH
MHT-CET 2011
Then, power factor– 100 100
R == = 4A
P1 = cosθ1 = 625 25
Z Phase difference between voltage and current is,
Where, we have– ωL
tan φ =
Z = R + ( X L − XC )
2 2
R
1
Z = R 2 + R 2 = 2R 2π× 60 ×
tan φ = 6π
R 1 15
P1 = =
2R 2 20
tan φ =
Now a capacitor is added in the same circuit therefore, 15
XC = XL 4
And for this condition we can say Z = R tan φ =
3
−1  4 
φ = tan  
3
4
Hence, I = 4A and φ = tan–1  
R 3
P2 = cosθ2 = = 1
R 80. The impedance of an LR circuit with
P1 1 60
∴ = L= mH. R = 8Ω and frequency 50 Hz is
P2 2 π
78. A charged 10µF capacitor is connoted to a (a) 1.3 Ω (b) 14.3 Ω
16mH inductor. What is the angular frequency (c) 20 Ω (d) 10 Ω
of free oscillations of the circuit ? AP EAMCET-06.07.2022, Shift-I
(a) 250 rad s-1 (b) 25 rad s–1 60 60
(c) 1111 rad s –1
(d) 2500 rad s–1 Ans. (d) : Given, L = mH = × 10−3 H
π π
GUJCET 18.04.2022
R = 8Ω
Ans. (d) : Given, f = 50Hz
C = 10µF = 10 × 10–6 F Impedance of LR circuit is,
L = 16 mH = 16 × 10–3 H
Angular frequency of oscillation, Z = R 2 + ω2 L2
2
1  60 −3 
(8 ) + ( 2π× 50 )
2 2
ω= =  × 10 
LC  π 
1 1 2
ω= = 2  60 
−3
16 ×10 × 10 × 10 −6
160 × 10 −9 = 64 + (100π )  ×10−3 
 π 
ω= 2500 rad s–1
= 64 + 36 = 100 = 10Ω
1
79. A circuit containing inductance of H and a 81. In an oscillating LC circuit, the value of
6π
inductance is 1.6 mH and the value of
resistance of 15Ω in series. If an AC voltage of
100V and 60 Hz is applied to above circuit, capacitance is 4µF. If the maximum charge on
then the current in the circuit and phase the capacitor is 4 × 10 −6 C, then the maximum
difference between voltage and current current is
respectively are– (a) 75 mA (b) 12.5 mA
4 3 (c) 125 mA (d) 50 mA
(a) 4A and tan −1 (b) 5.3A and tan −1 AP EAMCET-11.07.2022, Shift-II
5 4
Ans. (d) : Given,
4 4
(c) 4A and tan −1 (d) 5.3A and tan −1 L = 1.6 mH = 1.6 × 10–3 H, C = 4µF = 4 × 10–6 F
3 3
Q = 4 × 10–6
AP EAMCET-07.07.2022, Shift-II
1 Q2
Ans. (c) : Given, L =
1
H, R = 15Ω, V = 100V, f = Energy stored in capacitor ( U C ) =
6π 2 C
60Hz 1
Energy stored in Inductor ( U L ) = LI2
The current of R – L circuit, 2
V 100 UC = UL
I= =
R 2 + ω2 L2 2
1 Q2 1 2
(15 ) + ( 2π × 60 )  
2 2 1 = LI
 6π  2 C 2

Q2 85. A 10 Ω, 20 mH coil carrying constant current is
I2 = connected to a battery of 20V through a switch
LC is opened current becomes zero in 100 µs. The
Q 4 ×10−6 average emf induced in the coil is –––––––– V.
I= =
LC 1.6 ×10−3 × 4 × 10−6 JEE Main-26.06.2022, Shift-I
4 × 10 −6 Ans. (400) : Given, Resistance of coil = 10Ω
= Voltage of battery (V) = 20V
8 × 10−5
= 5 × 10–2 = 50 × 10–3 = 50mA Time = 100µs = 100 × 10–6 sec
Inductance of coil = 20 mH = 20 × 10–3 H
82. An inductor of 200µH is connected to an
alternating source of frequency 50 Hz. Then Final flux = 0 because current becomes zero in the coil
the inductive reactance is after the switch is opened.
Initial flux of coil (φ) = LI
(a) 6.28 × 10−2 Ω (b) 1.64 × 10−2 Ω
−2 V = IR
(c) 3.14 × 10 Ω (d) 4.82 × 10 −2 Ω
V
AP EAMCET-11.07.2022, Shift-I I=
Ans. (a) : L = 200µH = 200 × 10–6 H, f = 50 Hz R
Inductive reactance (XL) = ωL LV 20 × 10−3 × 20
Then initial flux (φ) = =
= 2πfL R 10
= 2π × 50 × 200 × 10–6 = 4 × 10 Weber
–2
= 6.28 × 10–2 Ω φ − φf
Average emf induced in the coil = i
83. For the given circuit the current through ∆T
battery of 6 V just after closing the switch 'S'
4 ×10−2 − 0
will be ……. A. = = 400V
100 × 10−6
86. In an AC circuit containing only capacitance,
the current _______.
(a) leads the voltage by 180°
JEE Main-28.07.2022, Shift-II (b) remains in phase with the voltage
Ans. (1) : Just after closing the switch 'S' , inductor (c) leads the voltage by 90°
behaves like an open circuit. (d) lags the voltage by 90°
6 AP EAMCET-23.08.2021, Shift-II
I= =1 A CGPET-2006
2+4
Ans. (c) : In pure capacitive circuit current lead voltage
84. A 220 V, 50 Hz AC source is connected to a 25
V, 5 W lamp and an additional resistance R in by 90°.
series (as shown in figure) to run the lamp at its
peak brightness, then the value of R (in ohm)
will be _____.
87.
JEE Main-27.06.2022, Shift-I Consider a pure inductive A.C. circuit as

Ans. (975) : Given, shown in the figure. If the average power
P = 5 W, V = 220V, f = 50 Hz, Vlamp = 25V consumed is P, then
We know that, (a) P > 0 (b) P < 0
P = Vlamp × I (c) P = 0 (d) P is infinite
5 = 25 × I WB JEE 2021
1 Ans. (c) : In pure inductor current is tog by 90° with
I= voltage.
5
VR = IR ∴ average power dissipation P
1 V0 I0
(220 – 25) = R P= cos φ
5 2× 2
1 VI
195 = R P = 0 0 cos 90°
5 2
R = 195 × 5 = 975Ω P=0

88. An ac source of angular frequency ω is fed 89. The reactance of an inductor at 50Hz is 10Ω.
across a resistor R and a capacitor C in series. The reactance of it at 200 Hz is:
The current flowing in the circuit found to be (a) 10Ω (b) 40Ω (c) 2.5Ω (d) 20Ω
'I' now the frequency of the source is changed AP EAMCET-23.08.2021, Shift-I
ω Ans. (b) : Given,
to . (Maintaining the same voltage) the
3 f1 = 50 Hz, f2 = 200 Hz, X L1 = 10Ω
current in the circuit is found to be halved.
What is the ratio of reactance to resistance at Q XL ∝ f
the original frequency? X L1 f1
∴ =
5 3 3 7 X L2 f 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 4 5 5 f2 200
AP EAMCET-25.08.2021, Shift-II X L2 = × 10 = × 10 = 40 Ω
f1 50
Ans. (c) : Given, For RC circuit,
90. If 120 V, 60 Hz Ac voltage is applied to an LR
Vrms Vrms having R= 100 Ω and L = 2 H, then current in
I= =
2
1 the circuit is _______
 1  R2 +
R2 +   ω C2
2 (a) 0.32 A (b) 0.16 A
 ωC  (c) 0.48 A (d) 0.80 A
Vrms ωC AP EAMCET-05.10.2021, Shift-I
I= .....(i)
R 2 ω2 C 2 + 1 Ans. (b) : Given that, V = 120V, f = 60 Hz, R = 100Ω,
ω L = 2H
When angular frequency of the source is Impedance of LR circuit,
3
Z = R 2 + ( XL )
2
I
Then current becomes . Then,
2
(100 ) + ( 2π × 60 × 2 )
2 2
Z=
ω
Vrms C
Z = (100 ) + ( 240π )
2 2
I 3
=
2  ω
2
Z = 760.58
R 2   C2 + 1
3 V 120
∴ I= =
I Vrms ωC Z 760.58
= .....(ii) I = 0.157 ≈ 0.16A
2 R 2 ω2 C 2 + 9
Dividing equation (i) by (ii) – 91. A coil of resistance 50Ω is connected across a
5.0 V battery. If the current in the coil is found
Vrms ωC to be 50 mA after time t = 0.1 battery is
connected, then the inductance of the coil is
I
= R 2 ω2 C 2 + 1
Vrms ωC 5
I/2 (a) (b) 10 ln (2)
ln ( 2 )
R 2 ω2 C 2 + 9
Vrms ωC R 2 ω2 C 2 + 9 10
2= × (c) 5e4 (d)
Vrms ωC e4
R 2 ω2 C 2 + 1 TS EAMCET 05.08.2021, Shift-I
R 2 ω2 C 2 + 9 Ans. (a) : Given, R = 50Ω, E = 5.0V, i = 50 mA = 50 ×
2= 10–3 A, t = 0.1
R 2 ω2 C 2 + 1
Squaring both sides,
R 2 ω2 C 2 + 9
(
i = i0 1 − e
−tR L
)
4= 2 2 2 5  −0.1×
50

R ω C +1 50 × 10 −3 = 1 − e L

4R2 ω2C2 + 4 = R2 ω2C2 + 9 50  
3R2 ω2C2 = 5 −
5
5 10 × 50 ×10 −3 = 1 − e L
R2 ω2C2 = e–5/L = 1 – 50 × 10–2

3
1
R =
2 5 1 e −5 / L =
3 ω2 C 2 2
−5 1
5 1 5 1 5 = log  
R= = × = × XC L 2
3 ω2 C 2 3 ωC 3
5
XC 3 L=
= log ( 2 )
R 5
92. A resistor R = 300 Ω and a capacitor C = 25µF (d) The emf of the source and current oscillates
50 symmetrically about zero value.
are connected in series with a 50 V, Hz AC π
π (e) The current leads the voltage by .
source. The average power dissipated in the 2
circuit is Kerala CEE 2020
(a) 0.5 W (b) 1.0 W Ans. (e) : In pure inductive circuit, the current lags
(c) 2.0 W (d) 1.5 W π
behind the voltage by an angle of . Hence, In pure
TS EAMCET 06.08.2021, Shift-II 2
Ans. (d) :Given, R = 300Ω, C = 25µF = 25 × 10–6F, V0 π
inductive circuit the current leads the voltage by is
= 50 V 2
50 wrong statement.
f= Hz
π 1
95. The power factor of R-L circuit is . If the
1 1 3
XC = =
ωC 2 × π × × 25 × 10 −6
50 inductive reactance is 2Ω. The value of
π resistance is :
10 4 (a) 2Ω (b) 2 Ω
XC = Ω 1
25 (c) 0.5Ω (d) Ω
Net impedance of RC circuit, 2
Karnataka CET-2020
Z = R 2 + ( XC )
2
Ans. (b) : Given that,
2 1
 104  Power factor of R-L circuits cosφ =
( 300 )  = ( 300 ) + ( 400 )
2 2 2
= + = 500 Ω 3
 25  Inductive Reactance XL = 2Ω
Peak value of current,
Z = R 2 + X 2L
V 50
I0 = 0 = = 0.1 Amp R
Z 500 cos φ =
Average power dissipated in the circuit, Z
P = Vrms Irms cosφ 1 R
=
E I R 50 × 0.1× 300 3 3 R + X 2L
2
= 0× 0 × = = = 1.5W
2 2 Z 2 × 500 2 Squares on both side
μ
93. A 50 F capacitor is connected to a 110V, 60 Hz 1 R2

= 2
ac supply. Determine the rms value of the 3 R + X 2L
current in the circuit. 3R2 = R2 + X 2L
(a) 5.2A (b) 2.5A (c) 3.8A (d) 2.1A
2R2 = 4
GUJCET-PCE- 2021
R2 = 2
Ans. (d) : Given that,
Capacitance C = 50µF = 50 × 10–6 F R= 2
Voltage, V = 110V 96. Let the inductance and resistance be denoted
Frequency f = 60 Hz by ‘L’ and ‘R’ respectively. The dimensions of
1 1 L
Capacitive reactance (XC) = =  R  are
ωC 2πfC  
1 (a) [L0M0T1] (b) [L0M0T0]
= 1 0 1
(c) [L M T ] (d) [L0M1T0]
2 × 3.14 × 60 × 50 ×10−6 MHT-CET 2020
The rms value of current
Ans. (a) :
V The dimension of inductance, L = [ML2T–2A–2]
I= = 110 × 2 × 3.14 × 60 × 50 × 10–6 = 2.1A
XC The dimension of Resistance, R = [ML2T–3A–2]
94. Choose the wrong statement for the pure The Ratio of inductance to Resistance
2 −2 −2
inductive circuit. L  ML T A 
(a) The inductive reactance limits the current in a = 2 −3 −2
= [T] = [M°L°T1]
purely inductive circuit. R 
 ML T A 

(b) The average power supplied to an inductor 97. A parallel combination of pure inductor and
over one complete cycle is zero. capacitor is connected across a source of
(c) The inductive reactance is directly alternating e.m.f. ‘e’. The currents flowing
proportional to the frequency of the current. through an inductor and capacitor are iL and iC
respectively. In this parallel resonant circuit, 100. An inductor of inductance 0.2 H is connected in
the condition for currents i, iL and iC is (i = net series with a resistance, a capacitance and an
r.m.s. current in the circuit) 1
(a) i/iL = iC (b) i ≠ 0, iL = iC = 0 AC source of frequency ×104 Hz . For what
π
(c) i = 0, iL ≠ 0 (d) i/0, iL ≠ iC value of capacitance, the current will be
MHT-CET 2020 maximum in the circuit
Ans. (c) : In the parallel resonant circuit, the capacitive (a) 1.25 × 10–8 F (b) 6.5 × 10–9 F
–8
and inductive reactance are equal, hence currents are (c) 5.0 × 10 F (d) 3.0 × 10–9 F
equal but 180° out of phase with each other the net TS EAMCET 08.05.2019, Shift-I
current is zero. Ans. (a) : Given,
1
L = 0.2 H, f = × 104 Hz
π
1
ω = 2πf = 2π × × 104
π
= 2 × 104 rad/s
98. A tuned circuit of a transistor oscillator unit
has an inductance of 5 mH and a capacitance of For maximum current in circuit,
5 pF. The natural frequency of the oscillator is XL = XC
(a) 100 kHz (b) 1GHz 1
ωL =
(c) 10 MHz (d) 1 MHz ωC
AP EAMCET (21.09.2020) Shift-II 1 1
C= 2 =
Inductance, L = 5 mH = 5 × 10–3 H
ω L ( 2 ×10 ) × 0.2
4 2
Capacitance C = 5 pF = 5 × 10 F –12
=
1
= 1.25 × 10–8 F
1 1 4 × 10 8
× 0.2
The natural frequency (f) = 101. An inductor of inductance L and resistor R are
2π LC
joined together in series and connected by a
1 1 source of frequency ω. The power dissipated in
=
2π 5 × 10−3 × 5 × 10−12 the circuit is :
1 1 1 R 2 + ω2 L2 V2R
= × = (a) (b)
2 × 3.14 × 5 10−15 31.4 10 −15
V R + ω2 L2
2
f = 1 MHz V V2R
99. An inductor coil is connected to a capacitor and (c) (d)
R 2 + ω2 L2 R 2 + ω2 L2
an AC source of rms voltage 8V in series. The
rms current in the circuit is 16 A and is in Karnataka CET-2019
phase with emf. If this inductor coil is Ans. (b) : The power dissipated in the circuits,
connected to 6 V DC battery, the magnitude of P = VIcosφ
steady current is R
(a) 8 A (b) 10 A (c) 12 A (d) 16 A Power factor, cos φ =
Z
TS-EAMCET-03.05.2019, Shift-1
V
Ans. (c) : Given, I = Irms =
rms voltage of AC source, Vrms = 8V , Z
rms current in Circuit, Irms = 16A So the power, P = VIcosφ
V R V2R
=V ⋅ = 2
Z Z Z
As we know that, Z2 = R 2 + X L2 = R2 + (ωL)2
V2R
Then ∴ Power, P =
R + ω2 L2
2
Vrms 8 102. A coil has inductance 2 H. The ratio of its

Impedance Z = = = 0.5 Ω
I rms 16 reactance, when it is connected first to an a.c.
When Inductor coil connected with 6V DC battery source and then to d.c. source, is
VDC = 6 volt, Z = 0.5Ω (a) 1 (b) less than 1
Then, (c) infinity (d) zero
MHT-CET 2019
V 6
Current, I = DC = Ans. (c) : Given,
Z 0.5 Inductance of coil = 2H
I = 12 A When Reactance of coil is connected to AC source
( X L )AC = ωL = 2πfL R = Z cosφ
Case-II: When reactance connected across DC, π 1
= 24 cos = 24 × = 12 Ω
Then, XL = ωL = 2πfL 3 2
Q f = 0 for DC R = 12Ω
∴ XL = 0 105. An L-R circuit has a cell of emf. E, which is
The ratio of reactance of AC source to DC source switched ON a time t=0. The current in the
circuit after a long time will be
 ωL 
 0  = ∞ . E
(a) zero (b)
R
103. In the given circuit, the angular frequency of E E
the voltage source is 70 × 103 rads–1. The circuit (c) (d)
effectively behaves like, L L + R2
2
CG PET 2019
CG PET 2007, 2006
Ans. (b) :
(a) Purely resistive circuit

(b) Series RL circuit
(c) Series RC circuit In L-R circuit has a cell of emf E. The growth of current
(d) Series LC circuit with R = 0 in L-R circuit, the current in the circuit grows
AP EAMCET (23.04.2019) Shift-I exponentially with the time t = 0. Then maximum value
Ans. (c) : Given that, of current,
Inductance L = 10µH = 10 × 10–6 H I0 = E/R
Capacitance C = 1µF = 1 × 10–6 F 500
106. An ac voltage of 100 V, Hz is connected
Resistance R = 10Ω π
ω = 70 × 103rad/sec across a 20 Ω resistor and 15 mH inductor in
1 1 100 series. Then the impedance of the circuit is
XC = = −6
= Ω _____
ωC 70 × 10 × 1× 10
3
7 (a) 25 Ω (b) 40 Ω
XL = ωL = 70 × 10 × 10 × 10 = 0.7Ω
3 –6
(c) 5 Ω (d) 35 Ω
XC > XL AP EAMCET-25.04.2018, Shift-II
X − XL 500
tan φ = C Ans. (a) : Given, V = 100V, f = Hz, R = 20Ω, L =
R π
 100  15 mH = 15 × 10 H–3
 − 0.7 
φ = tan −1  7  Impedance of the circuit (Z) = R 2 + ω2 L2
 10 
( 20 ) + ( 2πf ) × (15 ×10 −3 )
2 2 2
φ = 53.64° =
φ is +ve 2
 500 
 × (15 × 10 )
It behaves like series RC circuit −3 2
= 400 +  2π×
104. When an inductor L and a resistor R in series  π 
are connected across a 12 V, 50 Hz supply, a
= 400 + (1000 ) × (15 ×10 −3 ) = 25Ω
2 2
current of 0.5 A flows in the circuit. The
current differs in the phase from applied
107. A Primary coil is connected with an AC source
π and a bulb is connected with the secondary coil.
voltage by radian. Then the value of R is
3 The voltage across the bulb is 6.0 V and the
(a) 10 Ω (b) 3 Ω (c) 12 Ω (d) 15 Ω current through the bulb is 0.4 A. The turns
AP EAMCET (22.04.2019) Shift-I ratio is 5 : 1 (Np : Ns = 5 : 1). Calculate the
current in the primary coil.
Ans. (c) : Given,
(a) 8 A (b) 0.8 A
rms voltage Vrms = 12V
(c) 12.5 A (d) None of the above
rms current Irms = 0.5 A
J&K-CET-2018
π
Phase difference φ = Ans. (d) : Given that,
3 V = 6.0 V, IS = 0.4A, NP : NS = 5 : 1
For an L-R circuit, Using transformer equation,
V 12 I P NS
Impedance (Z) = rms = = 24 Ω =
Irms 0.5 IS N P

IP 1 1 1 1
= = +
0.4 5 L' L L
5IP = 0.4 1 2
0.4 =
IP = = 0.08 A L' L
5 L
108. An alternating voltage of 220V, 50 Hz frequency L '=
2
is applied across a capacitor of capacitance 2 µF. This combination connected in series with L3 = 5 mH
The impedance of the circuit is
leq = L' + L3
π 1000 L
(a) (b) 15mH = + 5 ⇒ 30 = L + 10
5000 π 2
5000 L = 20 mH
(c) 500 π (d)
π 112. A bulb and a condenser are connected in series
VITEEE-2018, 2017 with an A.C. source. On increasing the
Ans. (d) : Given, frequency of the source its brightness will
Alternating voltage (V) = 220V (a) Increase
Frequency (f) = 50 Hz (b) Decrease
Capacitor of capacitance = 2µF = 2×10–6F (c) Sometimes increase and sometimes decrease
1 (d) Neither increase nor decrease.
The impedance of the capacitance (XC) = COMEDK 2018
2πfC
Ans. (a) : Capacitive reactance and frequency has an
1 106 104 5000
= = = = inverse dependent
2π × 50 × 2 × 10−6 200π 2π π 1
109. A charged capacitor C = 30µF is connected to XC ∝
f
an inductor L = 27 mH. The angular frequency
of their oscillations is– Thus, frequency of an A.C source increases, the
capacitive reactance decreases. Therefore, the bulb glow
(a) 9.1 × 103 rad / s (b) 3 × 103 rad / s with more brightness because more current flows
(c) 1.1× 103 rad / s (d) 0.3 × 103 rad / s through it.
BCECE-2018 113. In a series LR circuit (L = 3H, R =1.5Ω) and
Ans. (c) : Given that, C = 30 µF = 30 × 10–6 F DC voltage = 1V. Find current at T=2 seconds.
L = 27 mH = 27 × 10–3 H (a) 0.4A (b) 0.6A (c) 0.8A (d) 0.9A
Angular frequency of the oscillation is, AIIMS-26.05.2018(E)
1 1 Ans. (a) : L = 3H, R = 1.5 Ω, E = 1V, T = 2 sec
ω= =
LC 27 × 10 × 30 × 10 −6
−3
For LR circuit, τ = =
L 3
=2
1 R 1.5
= = 1.11×103 rad/sec
9 × 10−4 E
I = 1 − e− t / τ  =
1
1 − e−2 / 2 
110. A capacitor 'C' connected across a D.C. source, R 1.5 
the reactance of capacitor will be _____. 2  1 2
(a) Zero (b) High I = 1 −  = (1 − 0.367 )
3  e 3
(c) Low (d) Infinite
 0.4 A
GUJCET 2018
114. A 30 µF capacitor is connected to a 150V, 60
1
Ans. (d) : Reactance of capacitance X C = Hz AC supply the rms value of current is the
2πfC circuit is
Where, f = 0 for DC source (a) 17A (b) 1.7A
XC = ∞ (c) 1.7mA (d) 1.7µA
111. Two inductors each of inductance L are JCECE-2018
connected in parallel. One more inductor of
value 5 mH is connected in series of this
configuration then the effective inductance is Capacitance (C) = 30 µF = 30 × 10–6 F
15 mH. The value of L is _____ mH. rms voltage (Vrms) = 150V,
(a) 10 (b) 5.0 (c) 2.5 (d) 20 Frequency (f) = 60 Hz
GUJCET 2018 1
Capacitive reactance (XC) =
Ans. (d) : Equivalent inductance in parallel connection, ωC
1 1 1 1 1
= + = =
L ' L1 L 2 2πfC 2 × 3.14 × 60 × 30 ×10 −6

The rms value of current is, 117. A resistor and a capacitor are connected in
V series with an AC source. If the potential drop
I rms = rms across the capacitor is 5 V and that across
XC
resistor is 12 V, then applied voltage is
= 150 × 3.14 × 2 × 60 × 30 × 10–6 = 1.7 A (a) 13 V (b) 17 V (c) 5 V (d) 12 V
115. An oscillator circuit contains an inductor 0.05 Manipal UGET-2009
H and a capacitor of capacity 80 µ F. When the Karnataka CET-2009
maximum voltage across the capacitor is 200 V, Ans. (a) : Given that,
the maximum current (in amperes) in the
circuit is Potential drop across the capacitor = 5V
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 10 Potential drop across the resistor = 12V
(e) 16
Kerala CEE -2018
Ans. (c) :Given that,
Inductance (L) = 0.05 H,
Capacitance (C) = 80µF ,
Maximum Voltage (Vmax) =Vm = 200V
Since, V = VR2 + VC2
V(t) = Vm sin ωt
i=C
dV
= CVm ω cos ωt Applied voltage (Vap) = VR2 + VC2
dt
( 5 ) + (12 )
2 2
1 =
Q ω=
LC Vap = 169
C Vap = 13 V
∴ i = Vm cos ωt
L Hence, the applied voltage Vap = 13V.
For maximum current, cosωt = 1 118. Time constant of a series R-C circuit is
C 80 ×10 −6 (a) +RC (b) −RC
So, Max. current (im) = Vm = 200 × =8A (c) R/C (d) C/R
L 0.05
CG PET- 2014
116. A coil of inductive reactance 1/ 3Ω and Ans. (a) :
resistance 1Ω is connected to a 200 V, 50 Hz
AC supply. The time lag between maximum
voltage and current is :
1 1
(a) s (b) s
200 300
We know that the growth of current in RC circuit is
1 1
(c) s (d) s given by
500 600
i = i max e − t / RC
Karnataka CET-2017
Ans. (d) : Given, Where RC = Product of resistance and capacitance in
circuit which is known as time constant and its unit is
1
Inductive reactance ( X L ) = Ω second.
3 119. A L-R circuit consists of an inductance of 8 mH
Resistance (R) = 1Ω and a resistance of 4 Ω. The time constant of
Voltage source (V) = 200 V the circuit is
Frequency (f) = 50 Hz (a) 2 ms (b) 12 ms
In the series of LR circuit, the phase lag, φ is (c) 32 ms (d) 500 s
X Inductive reactance CG PET- 2006
tan φ = L =
R Resistance Ans. (a) : Given that,
1/ 3 1 Inductance (L) = 8 mH = 8 × 10–3 H
= =
1 3 Resistance (R) = 4Ω
tanφ = tan30° In L-R circuit,
π L 8 × 10−3
φ= Time constant (t) = =
6 R 4
π = 2 × 10 –3
second = 2 ms
ωt =
6 120. An alternating potential of frequency f is applied
π π 1 1 on a circuit containing a resistance R an a choke
t= = = = sec
6ω 6 × 2πf 12 × 50 600 L in series. The impedance of this current is
(a) R+2πfL (b) R 2 + 4π2 f 2 L2 Ans. (a) :
(c) R 2 + L2 (d) R 2 + 2πfL

CG PET- 2006, JIPMER-2010
Ans. (b) : Given, LR circuit,
In a series L – R circuit e.m.f
E = E0 sin ωt be applied to it
Let i be the current in the circuit at any instant and VL
and VR be the voltage across L and R respectively at
that instant.
We know that, Then VL = iXL and VR iR where XL is the inductive
Impedance of LR circuit, Z = R 2 + ( X L )
2
reactance. Now VR is in phase with the current i while
VL leads i by 90°
Z = R 2 + ( ωL )
2
(QXL = ωL)
Z = R 2 + ( 2πfL )
2
(Q ωL = 2πfL)
Z = R 2 + 4π2 f 2 L2 Above phase diagram shows that in L – R circuit the

R voltage leads the currents by a phase angle by φ
121. Dimensions of are V iX ωL
L tan φ = L = L =
2
(a) [T ] (b) [T] (c) [T−1] (d) [T−2] VR iR R
CG PET- 2006, 2005, 2004  ωL 
Ans. (c) : We know that, φ = tan −1  
 R 
L So if in an AC circuit the current lags behind the voltage
Time constant (τ) =
R by π/3. The components of the circuit are L and R
1 R 124. An inductor of inductance L = 400 mH and
So, = resistors of resistance R1 = 2Ω and R2 = 2Ω are
τ L
connected to a battery of emf 12V as shown in
As we know, dimension of time constant is (τ) is [T] the figure. The internal resistance of the battery
1 R is negligible. The switch S is closed at t = 0. The
∴ =
[T ] L potential drop across L as a function of time is
R
Then, dimension of =  T −1 
L  
122. The time constant of a L-R circuit represents
the time in which the current in the circuit
(a) reaches a value equal to about 37% of its (a)
12 −3t
t
e V ( )
(b) 6 1 − e − t / 0.2 V
maximum value
(b) reaches a value equal to about 63% of its (c) 12e–5tV (d) 6e V –5t
maximum value BITSAT-2016, BCECE-2016

(c) attains a constant value Ans. (c) : L = 400 mH = 0.4H, R2 = 2Ω, E = 12V
(d) attains 50% of the constant value E 12
CG PET- 2005 I0 = = = 6A
R2 2
( )
Ans. (b) : −R2t
We know that, In L – R circuit I2 = I0 1 − e L
I = I0 (1 – e–t/τ)
τ = time constant (
I2 =6 1 − e
−2
0.4
t
)
When, t = τ I2 = 6( 1– e–5t)
I = I0(1 – e–τ/τ) Potential drop across L
I = I0(1 – e–1) VL = E – R2I2
VL = 12 – 2×6 (1– e–5t)
 1 
VL = 12 e–5t Volt
I = I0 1 −  = I0 × 0.63 = 63%
 2.7  125. In a series LCR AC circuit, the current is
123. In an AC circuit, the current lags behind the maximum when the impendence is equal to
voltage by π/3. The components in the circuit are (a) the reactance (b) the resistance
(a) R and L (b) R and C (c) zero (d) twice the reactance
(c) L and C (d) Only R (e) twice the resistance
CG PET- 2004 Kerala CEE - 2016
Ans. (b) : At resonance frequency, the inductive and 129. An inductor and a resistor in series are
capacitive reactance are equal. connected to an A.C. supply of variable
i.e., XL = XC frequency. As the frequency of the source is
increased, the phase angle between current and
R 2 + ( XL − XC )
2
∴ Impedance (Z) = the potential difference across L will:
= R2 + 0
Z=R
When impedance Z = R, XL = XC the current in the LCR
circuit will be maximum. (a) first increase and then decrease
(b) first decrease and then increase
L (c) go on decreasing
126. The quantities RC and   (where R, L and
R (d) go on increasing
C stand for resistance, inductance and AIIMS-2010
capacitance respectively) have the dimensions of Ans. (d) : The tangent of phase angle φ
(a) force (b) linear momentum X
(c) linear acceleration (d) time tan φ = L
R
Kerala CEE - 2010 Where, XL = ωL
Ans. (d) : RC = ohm × farad ωL
= ohm × coulomb/volt tan φ =
R
Volt Coulomb Coulomb If the frequency of applied source is increases, the
= × = = Second [T]
Amp Volt Ampere tangent of phase angle increases.
Hence, the phase angle between current and potential
L henery ohm × second
= = = Second [ T ] difference will also increase.
R ohm ohm 130. In which of the following circuit is the current
L maximum just after the switch S is closed?
Both RC and have the dimension of time
R
127. The maximum value of AC voltage in a circuit
is 707V . Its rms value is:
(a) 70.7 V (b) 100 V
(c) 500 V (d) 707 V
Kerala CEE 2004
Ans. (c) : Given that,
Maximum voltage of AC circuit (V0) = 707V
As we know, (a) (i) (b) (ii)
V 707 707 (c) (iii) (d) Both (ii) and (iii)
Vrms = 0 = = = 500V BCECE-2012
2 2 1.414
Ans. (b) : In the first circuit inductor begins to act as
128. For the circuit shown in figure, the impedance open circuit hence current becomes zero. i1 = 0
of the circuit will be
E
In second circuit current (i2) =
R
E
(a) 50Ω (b) 60 Ω In third circuit current (i3) =
2R
(c) 90 Ω (d) 120 Ω Hence current is maximum in 2nd circuit
JCECE-2012 i2 > i 3 > i 1
Ans. (b) : XL = 30Ω, XC = 20Ω , V = 90V 131. A circuit draws 330 W from a 110V, 60 Hz AC
Current through inductance, line. The power factor is 0.6 and the current
V 90 lags the voltage. The capacitance of a series
iL = = = 3A capacitor that will result in a power factor of
X L 30 unity is equal to :
Current through capacitor, (a) 31µF (b) 54µF
V 90 (c) 151µF (d) 201µF
iC = = = 4.5A BCECE-2006
X C 20
Ans. (b) : Given,
I = iC – iL = 4.5 – 3 = 1.5 A Power of circuit = 330 W
V 90 Voltage = 110V
∴ Impedance (Z) = = = 60 Ω
I 1.5 Frequency = 60 Hz
Power factor = 0.6 133. If coil is opened, then L and R become
V2 (a) ∞, 0 (b) 0, ∞
Resistance of the circuit, R = (c) ∞, ∞ (d) 0, 0
P
110 × 110 110 MHT-CET 2006
= = Ω Ans. (a) : If as inductor coil is open, then it can be
330 3
assumed as a short circuit to the direct current. When
The current lags the voltage. Therefore it is R-L circuit.
the storage phase is completed, the inductor current that
R flows through the inductor will be stable. We know that
Power factor = cosφ = 0.6 =
R + X 2L
2 resistance of the inductor is equal to the ratio of voltage
and current through it.
Squaring both side,
Hence, the value of resistance is zero and inductance L
R2 will become infinite. Therefore, if an induction coil is
(0.6)2 = 2
R + X 2L open then its L and R becomes infinite and zero.
2
0.36R + 0.36 X L = R2 2 134. An inductive circuit contains a resistance of
2 10Ω and an inductance of 2.0 H. If an AC
0.36 X 2L = 0.64R voltage of 120 V and frequency of 60 Hz is
4R applied to this circuit, the current in the circuit
XL = …(i) would be nearly
3
In second case, cosφ = 1 (a) 0.32A (b) 0.16A
It contains only resistance, this is the condition of (c) 0.43A (d) 0.80A
resonance. VITEEE-2011
XL = XC Ans. (b) : Given,
R Resistance = 10 Ω
∴ XC = 4
3 Inductance = 2.0 H
4 110  110  Voltage = 120V
= × Q R = Ω Frequency = 60 Hz
3 3  3 
Angular frequency, ω = 2πf
440
= Ω = 2 × 3.14 × 60 = 376.8 rad /sec
9
Impedance of the circuit, Z = R 2 + ( ωL )
2
1 440
=
2πfC 9
Total impedance of circuit = (10 ) + ( 376.8 × 2 )
2 2
9
Capacitor C = = 0.000054 F = 54µF.
2 × 3.14 × 60 × 440 = 753.6Ω
132. An inductive coil has a resistance of 100Ω. Now, the current produced
When an AC signal of frequency 1000 Hz is V 120
applied to the coil, the voltage leads the current I= = = 0.159
Z 753.6
by 450. The inductance of the coil is–  0.16 A
1 1 135. In Colpitt oscillator the feedback network
(a) (b)
10π 20π consists of
1 1 (a) two inductors and a capacitor
(c) (d) (b) two capacitors and an inductor
40π 60π
BCECE-2010 (c) three pairs of RC circuit
Ans. (b) : Given that, (d) three pairs of RL circuit
Resistance of coil XL = 100Ω VITEEE-2008
Frequency of AC signal, f = 1000 Hz Ans. (b) : In colpitt oscillator the feedback network
The voltage leads the current by 45° consists of an inductor and two capacitors. The colpitts
oscillator design uses two centre tapped capacitors in
X series with a parallel inductor to form its resonance tank
Q tanφ = L
R circuit producing sinusoidal oscillations.
ωL
tan45º =
R
R = ωL = 2πfL
R
L= 136. An oscillator is essentially
2πf (a) an amplifier with proper negative feedback
100 1 network circuits
L= = Ω
2π × 1000 20π (b) converts alternating current into direct current
(c) an amplifier with no feedback network Which show that the current lag behind the emf by an
(d) an amplifier with proper positive feedback π
network circuits angle of or emf leads the current by a phase angle of
2
VITEEE-2006
π
Ans. (d) : An oscillator is essentially an amplifier with or 90°.
proper positive feedback. 2
137. A multimeter reads a voltage of a certain AC 140. The energy stored in a 50mH inductor carrying
source as 100 V. What is the peak value of a current of 4 A will be
voltage of AC source ? (a) 0.4 J (b) 4.0 J
(a) 200 V (b) 100 V (c) 0.8 J (d) 0.04 J
(c) 141.4V (d) 400 V J&K CET- 1999
Karnataka CET-2014 Ans. (a) : L = 50 mH = 50 × 10–3 H
Ans. (c) : Given that, i = 4A
Voltage of multimeter, Vrms = 100V
Energy stored,
The peak value voltage, V0 = 2Vrms 1 1
U = Li 2 = × 50 × 10−3 × ( 4 )
2
= 1.414 × 100 = 141.4 V 2 2
138. When 100 V d.c. is applied across a coil, a = 400 × 10–3 = 0.4 J
current of 1 amp flows through it. When 100 V
a.c. of 50Hz is applied to the same coil only 0.5 141. The maximum current in a coil of 0.50 H
A flows. The inductance of the coil is : having resistance of 100 Ω , when connected to
(a) 5.5 mH (b) 0.55 mH a supply of 240 V, 50 Hz ac is
(c) 55 mH (d) 0.55 H (a) 0.3 A (b) 0.1 A
Karnataka CET-2002 (c) 1.3 A (d) 0.6 mA
Ans. (d) : Given, J&K CET- 1998
Voltage of D.C circuit = 100V Ans. (c) : L = 0.50 H, R = 100Ω, V = 240V, f = 50 Hz
Voltage of A.C circuit = 100V
Angular frequency (ω) = 2πf
Frequency of AC, f = 50 Hz
= 2 × π × 50 = 100π rad/sec
V 100
Resistance for D.C supplied, R = = = 100Ω Peak voltage (V0) = 2 V = 2 × 240 = 339.41 V
I 1
Where A.C of 50 Hz is applied and current, is 0.5 A Maximum current in the circuit,
V 100 V0 339.41
Hence the impedance, Z = = = 200 Ω I0 = =
I 0.5 R +ω L (100 ) + (100π ) × ( 0.50 )
2 2 2 2 2 2
Impedance, Z = R 2 + ( X L )
2
= 1.82 Amp ≈ 1.3 A

= (R) 2 + (ωL) 2 142. In a R-L circuit reactance offered by the coil is
Squaring both side, 1
(a) ωL (b)
Z2 = R2 + ω2L2 ωL
ω2L2 = Z2 – R2 (c) ωRL (d) ω2 L
(2πfL)2 = (200)2 – (100)2 = 30000 J&K CET- 1998
2πfL = 173.2 Ans. (a) : In RL circuit,
173.2 173.2
L= = = 0.55 H Inductive reactance XL = 2πfL
2πf 2 × 3.14 × 50 XL = ωL
139. An inductor is connected to an a.c. source when
compared to voltage, the current in the lead wires 143. In an L-R circuit, time constant is that time in
(a) is ahead in phase by π which current grows from zero to the value
(b) lags in phase by π (Where I0 is steady state current)
π (a) 0.63 I0 (b) 0.50 I0
(c) is ahead in phase by (c) 0.37 I0 (d) I0
2
π UP CPMT-2006
(d) lags in phase by Ans. (a) : Current at any instant of time t after closing
2
J&K CET- 2006, J&K CET-1999 an LR circuit is given by,
Ans. (d) : In a purely inductive circuit, Current is,  − t
R
I = I0  I − e L  ]
 π  
i = i 0 sin  ωt − 
 2 According to question,

Time (t) = Time constant L
t= log 2
L R
So, t =
R 300 × 10−3
t= × 0.693
 − × 
R L
2
I = I0 1 − e L R  = I0 [1 – e–1]
t = 103.95 × 10–3
 1  1 
= I0 1 −  = I0 1 −  = 0.63 I0
t = 0.105 sec
 e   2.718 t = 0.1 sec
144. In an oscillating L-C circuit, the maximum 147. In a L-C-R circuit, the capacitance is made
charge on the capacitor is Q. The charge on the one-fourth, then what should be change in
capacitor, when the energy is stored equally inductance, so that the circuit remains in
between the electric and magnetic field is resonance?
Q Q (a) 8 times (b) ¼ times
(a) (b)
2 2 (c) 2 times (d) 4 times
Q Q JIPMER-2005
(c) (d)
3 3 Ans. (d) : In a LCR circuit,
UP CPMT-2005 At resonance, XL = XC
Ans. (b) : The energy stored in the capacitor when fully 1
or ω=
charged in any L – C circuit is, LC
1 Q2 1
E= 2πf =
2 C LC
Let the charge on the capacitor when energy is half that 1
can be stored in the capacitor be Q'. Resonance frequency (f) =
2π LC
E 1 Q '2
= For the circuit to remain in resonance LC = constant
2 2 C
Put value E from eqn (i) in eqn (ii) – L1C1 = L2C2
2 2 C
1 1 Q 1 Q' L1C1 = L2 1
× × = 4
2 2 C 2 C
L2 = 4L1
Q
Q' = 148. A coil has an inductance of 50 mH and an
2
ohmic resistance of 0.5Ω. A 5 V e.m.f is applied
145. The time constant of a L - R circuit is: across the coil. How much energy (in joules) is
(a) R/L (b) L/R stored in the magnetic field after the current
1 through the coil has built to its steady state
(c) LR (d)
LR value?
MP PET-2012 (a) 2.5 (b) 5.0
Ans. (b) : The time constant of L – R circuit is, (c) 0.5 (d) 10.0
L AMU-2007
τ=
R Ans. (a) : L = 50 mH = 50 × 10–3 H
146. A coil of inductance 300 mH and resistance 2Ω E = 5V
is connected to a source of voltage 2V. The R = 0.5Ω
current reaches half of its steady state value in E 5
(a) 0.05 s (b) 0.1 s I= = = 10A
R 0.5
(c) 0.15 s (d) 0.3 s We know that, energy stored–
JIPMER-2009
1
Ans. (b) : Given, L = 300 mH = 300 × 10–3 H U = LI 2
2
R=2Ω
1
For L – R circuit, U = × 50 ×10−3 × 10 × 10
i = i0(1 – e –RT/L
) 2
1
i0
= i 0 (1 − e − RT / L ) 
 The current to reach half of steady value  U = × 50 × 10−1
i  2
2  ∴i = 0 
 2  U = 2.5 J

(C) A.C. Circuit (L-C-R, LC Circuit) 1
I max = Q max
LC
149. In a series LCR circuit, the inductance L is 10 2.7 × 10–6
mH, capacitance C is 1µF and resistance R is I max =
100 Ω. The frequency at which resonance 75 × 10 –3 × 1.2 × 10–6
occurs is :- I max = 9 × 10–3 A = 9 mA
(a) 15.9 kHz (b) 1.59 rad/s 152. As per the given graph choose the correct
(c) 1.59 kHz (d) 15.9 rad/s representation for curve A and curve B.
NEET (UG)-07.05.2023 {Where XC = reactance of pure capacitive
Ans. (c) : Given, circuit connected with A.C. source
XL = reactance of pure inductive circuit
Inductance (L) = 10 × 10 −3 H connected with A.C. source
Capacitance (C) = 1 × 10 −6 F R = impedance of pure resistive circuit
Resistance (R) = 100Ω connected with A.C. source
At resonance XL = XC Z = Impedance of the LCR series circuit}
1
ωL =
ωC
1 1
f= =
2π LC 2π 10 × 10−3 × 10−6
= 1.59KHz
150. Given below are two statements:
(a) A = XC, B = R (b) A = XL, B =Z
Statement I: Maximum power is dissipated in a (c) A = XC, B = XL (d) A = XL, B = R
circuit containing an inductor, a
capacitor and a resistor connected in JEE Main-11.04.2023, Shift-I
series with an AC source, when Ans. (c) : For curve A,
resonance occurs 1 1
Statement II: Maximum power is dissipated in a XC = =
ωC (2πf )C
circuit containing pure resistor due to
zero phase difference between current 1
∴ XC ∝
and voltage. f
In the light of the above statement,
choose the correct answer from the
options given below:
(a) Statement I is false but statement II is true
(b) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
(c) Both Statement I and Statement II are true
(d) Both Statement I and Statement II are false
JEE Main-10.04.2023, Shift-I For curve B,
Ans. (c) : Power dissipation will be maximum when XL = ωL = (2πf)L
impedance is minimum.
∴ XL ∝ f
Z = [R2 + (XL – XC)2]1/2
For conductor of resonance, XL = XC
Zmin = [R2 + (XL – XL)2 ]1/2
Zmin = R
151. An oscillating LC circuit consists of a 75 mH
inductor and a 1.2 µF capacitor. If the
maximum charge to the capacitor is 2.7µC. The
maximum current in the circuit will be––mA
153. An inductor of inductance 2 µH is connected in
JEE Main-08.04.2023, Shift-I
series with a resistance, a variable capacitor
Ans. (9) : Given, L = 75 mH = 75 × 10–3 H and an AC source of frequency 7 kHz. The
C = 1.2 µF = 1.2 × 10–6 F value of capacitance for which maximum
Qmax = 2.7 µC = 2.7 × 10–6 C 1
current is drawn into the circuit is F , where
Maximum energy stored in capacitor is same as x
maximum energy stored in inductor 22
the value of x is _____. (Take π = )
1 2 1 Q 2max 7
LI max =
2 2 C JEE Main-29.01.2023, Shift-II
Ans. (3872) : Since, we have the relation between XL = XC = 79.6 Ω
inductive reactance (XL) and capacitive reactance XC. 1
XL = XC XL =
2πfc
1 1
Where, X C = , X L = 2πfL c=
2πfC 2πfX L
1
∴ 2πfL = 1
2πfC c=
2 2
4π f LC = 1 2 π× 50 × 79.6
= 39.98µF ≈ 40µF
1
or LC = 2 2 156. A series LCR circuit is connected to an AC
4π f
source of 220V, 50 Hz. The circuit contains a
1 1 1 resistance R = 80Ω, an inductor of inductive
C= 2 2× =
4π f L X reactance XL = 70Ω, and a capacitor of
∴ X = 4π2f2L capacitive reactance XC = 130Ω. The power
1 1 x
C= 2 2 = factor of circuit is . The value of x is :
4π f L X 10
2 2
X = 4π f L JEE Main-25.01.2023, Shift-II
= 4 × π2 × 49 × 106 × 2 × 10–6 = 392 π2 Ans. (8) :
22 × 22
= 392 × = 3872 R=
49
154. The current in resistance R at resonance is
Now, power factor;

R
cosφ =
Z
R
=
R + ( XL − XC )
2 2
(a) zero
(b) minimum but finite 80 80 8
= = =
80 + ( 70 − 130 ) 100 10
2
(c) maximum but finite 2
(d) infinite
=x=8
AIIMS-2012
Hence, the value of x is 8.
Ans. (c) : The current in resistance R at resonance is
157. A series LCR circuit consists of R=80 Ω, XL =
E 100Ω and Xc=40 Ω. The input voltage is 2500
maximum but finite because XL = XC and Imax =
R cos (100πt)V. The amplitude of current, in the
Where, E = Applied voltage circuit, is ______A.
Ans. (25) : Given,
R = 80Ω
XL = 100Ω
XC = 40Ω
V = V0sinωt ω = 100π
155. A series LCR circuit is connected to an ac V0 = 2500 V
source of 220V, 50Hz. The circuit contain a We know that,
resistance R = 100Ω and an inductor of V 0 = I 0Z
inductive reactance XL = 79.6Ω. The Where, Z = R 2 + (X L − X C ) 2 

capacitance of the capacitor needed to  
maximize the average rate at which rate at V0
which energy is supplied will be _______µ F. I0 =
Z
2500
Ans. (40) : Given, I0 =
XL = 79.6Ω (80) + (100 − 40)2
2
f = 50 Hz 2500 2500
Since, we have the average rate of energy is maximum = = = 25A
at resonance – 80 + 60
2 2 100

158. In the given circuit, rms value of current (lrms) If the values of inductance becomes 2L and capacitance
through the resistor R is becomes 8C then -
1 1 1
ω' = = =
2L × 8C 16LC 4 LC
1 1
ω' = ×
4 LC
1 ω' 1
ω ' = × ω0 , =
4 ω0 4
1 161. An inductor of 0.5 mH, a capacitor of 20 µF
(a) A (b) 20A and resistance of 20Ω are connected in series
2
with a 220 V ac source. If the current is in
(c) 2 A (d) 2 2A phase with the emf, the amplitude of current of
the circuit is x A. The value of x is
Ans. (c) : From the above circuit we have JEE Main-31.01.2023, Shift-I
R = 100 Ω
Ans. (242) : Given, Vrms = 220 V, R = 20 Ω
XL = 200 Ω
Here, the current is in phase with the emf then
XC = 100Ω
V 220
Vrms = 200 2V I rms = rms = = 11A
Since we have, R 20
Now, the amplitude of current of the circuit–
V
Irms = rms I0 = I rms 2 = 11× 2
Z
= 2 × (11) 2 = 2 × 121 = 242
Where, Z = R 2 + (X L − X C ) 2
162. If R, XL and XC represent resistance, inductive
= 100 2 + (200 − 100)2 = 100 2 reactance and capacitive reactance. Then
which of the following is dimensionless:
200 2
∴ I rms = R
100 2 (a) RXL XC (b)
XLXC
I rms = 2A
R X
159. An LCR series circuit of capacitance 62.5 nF (c) (d) R L
and resistance of 50Ω, is connected to an A.C. XLXC X C
source of frequency 2.0 kHz. For maximum JEE Main-31.01.2023, Shift-I
value of amplitude of current in circuit, the Ans. (b) Resistance, inductive reactance (XL) and
value of inductance is_____ mH. (Take π2 =10) capacitive reactance (XC) have same units ohm.
JEE Main-25.01.2023, Shift-I Inductive reactance and capacitive reactance are
Ans. (100) : For maximum current in LCR circuit at equivalent to resistance.
resonance is given by - XL = [R]
XC = XL XC = [R]
Where, XL = 2πfL Resistance = [R]
1 R
Xc = ∴ → dimensionless
2πfc XLXC
1 Hence, option (b) is right answer.
∴ L= 2 2
4π f c 163.A fully charged capacitor 'C' with initial charge
1 'q0' is connected to a coil of self inductance 'L'
L= 2 −9
= 100mH at t = 0. The time at which the energy is stored
4π × 4 × 10 × 62.5 × 10
6
equally between the electric and the magnetic
160. In an LC oscillator, if values of inductance and field is
capacitance become twice and eight times,
respectively, then the resonant frequency of π
(a) π LC (b) LC
oscillator becomes x times its initial resonant 4
frequency ω0. The value of x is. (c) 2π LC (d) LC
(a) 1/4 (b) 4
Karnataka CET-2022
(c) 16 (d) 1/16
BCECE-2015
Ans. (b) : Charge on the capacitor at any time t is
Ans. (a) : Since, we know that -
q = q0 cos ωt …(i)
1
ω0 = At time when energy stored equally in electric and
LC magnetic field then at this time

1 166. An RLC circuit consists of a 150Ω resistor, 20
Energy of the capacitor = total energy µF capacitor and a 500 mH inductor connected
2 in series with a 100 V AC supply. The angular
1q 2

1 1 0q 2
 frequency of the supply voltage is 400 rad s-1.
So, =   The phase angle between current and the
2 C 22 C 
applied voltage is
q (a) tan-1 (0.8) (b) tan-1 (0.25)
q= 0 .....(ii) -1
(c) tan (0.6) (d) tan-1 (0.5)
2
AP EAMCET-05.07.2022, Shift-I
Compare the value of q from equation (i) and (ii),
Ans. (d) : Given,
q0 R = 150Ω, C = 20 µF, L = 500 mH
= q 0 cos ωt
2 V = 100 volt, ω = 400 rad/s
1
Then, cosωt =
2
π
ωt =
4
π  1  We know that,
t= Qω = 
4ω  LC  Inductance (XL) = ωL = 400 × 500 × 10–3 = 200Ω
1 1
π LC And, Capacitance (XC)= =
So, t= ωC 400 × 20 ×10 −6
4
1000
164. In a series LCR circuit R = 300 Ω, L = 0.9 H, C = = 125Ω
= 2.0 µF and ω = 1000 rad/sec., then impedance 8
of the circuit is The magnitude of the impedance in the circuit –
Z = R 2 + ( XL − XC )
2
(a) 500Ω (b) 400Ω
(c) 1300Ω (d) 900Ω
−1  X − X C 
Karnataka CET-2022 Phase angle (φ) = tan  L 
 R 
Ans. (a) : Given data, R = 300Ω, L = 0.9H, C = 2 µF= 2
× 10–6, ω = 1000 rad/s  200 − 125  −1  75 
φ = tan −1   = tan  
We know that, in series LCR circuits–  150   150 
2 φ= tan (0.5)
–1
 1 
capacitor of capacitance 500 µF is charged
Z = R 2 +  ωL −  167. A
 ωC  completely using a dc supply of 100 V. It is now
2 connected to an inductor of inductance 50 mH
 1 
Z = ( 300 ) +  1000 × 0.9 − to form an LC circuit. The maximum current
2

 1000 × 2 ×10−6  in LC circuit will be _______ A.
2
 1 
Z = ( 300 ) +  900 − Ans. (10) : Given that,
2

 2 ×10−3  Capacitance (C) = 500µF = 500 × 10–6 F
Voltage (V) = 100 V
Z = ( 300 ) + ( 900 − 500 )
2 2
Inductance (L) = 50 mH = 50 × 10–3 H
Here, q = CV
Z = 90000 + 160000
q = 500 × 100 × 10–6 C
Z = 250000 q = 5 × 10–2 C
Z = 500Ω For, Imax
165. Find the mismatch pair q2 1 2
= LI
(a) Induction furnace : eddy current 2C 2
(b) A.C. generator : armature coil q
I=
(c) LCR circuit : resonance LC
(d) Transformer : D.C. voltage
5 × 10−2
(e) Magnetic brakes : magnetic flux I=
Kerala CEE 04.07.2022 50 ×10 −3 × 500 ×10 −6
Ans. (d) : Transformer is working on AC current not 5 × 10 −2
I=
DC current. Its changes an alternating voltage for 5 × 10−3
smaller or greater value. I = 10 Amp.

168. The frequencies at which the current amplitude 1
1 C × 2πf =
in an LCR series circuit becomes times its 200 3
2 1 1
maximum value, are 212 rad s-1 and 232 rad s-1. C= =
2πf 200 3 2π × 50 × 200 3
The value of resistance in the circuit is R = 5Ω.
The self inductance in the circuit is 50 50
µF = µF
_______mH. π x π 3
JEE Main-28.07.2022, Shift-I ∴ x=3
Ans. (250) : Given that, 170. In the given circuit, the magnitude of VL and
ω1 = 232 rad/sec ω2 = 212 rad/sec VC are twice that of VR. Given that f= 50 Hz.
Band width, ω1 – ω2 = R/L The inductance of the coil is
1
mH. The value
5 Kπ
232 − 212 = of K is ______.
L
5
20 =
L
5
L= = 0.25
20
L = 250 mH
169. To light, a 50 W, 100 V lamp is connected, in JEE Main-28.06.2022, Shift-II
50 Ans. (0) : Given that, VL = 2 VR, ωL = 2 R, f = 50Hz
series with a capacitor of capacitance µF We know that,
π x 2R 2R
with 200 V, 50Hz AC source. The value of x L= =
will be ______. ω 2πf
Putting these value, we get –
2×5
Ans. (3) Given, P = 50W, V = 100 V, V' = 200V, f = 50 L=
Hz, 2π × 50
We know that, 1 100
L= H= H
V2 10π π
P= 1
R So, k= = 0.01  0
100
V2
Or R= 171. If wattless current flows in the AC circuit, then
P the circuit is :
Putting these value, we get – (a) Purely Resistive circuit
100 ×100 (b) Purely Inductive circuit
R= = 200 (c) LCR series circuit
50
Q P=V×I (d) RC series circuit only
50 = 100 × I
Ans. (b) : If wattless current flows in the AC circuit
50 1 then the circuit is purely inductive circuit.
I= =
100 2 θ = π/2
V' cos π/2 = 0
Now, P=
R + X C2
2 Average power = 0
172. To increase the resonant frequency in series
Putting the above given value – LCR circuit,
1 200 (a) Source frequency should be increased
=
(b) Another resistance should be added in series
2 ( 200 ) + X 2
2
C with the first resistance
1
2 ( ( 200 )
2
)
+ X C2 = 200
(c) Another capacitor should be added in series
with the first capacitor
(d) The source frequency should be decreased
XC = 200 3 JEE Main-25.07.2022, Shift-I
1
= 200 3 Ans. (c) : Resonant frequency =
1
= ω0
Cω
LC
1
Cω = If we decrease C, ω0 would increase
200 3 Another capacitor should be added in series

173. In a RC circuit. where R is resistance and C is
10 −3 1  sin(2 × 250π× 10 −3 ) 
capacitance which of the following has the H= −  
dimension of time. 2 4 250π 
(a) R/C (b) C/R 1 1 1 π
H=  − × sin 
(c) RC (d) RC 2 1000 500π 2
TS EAMCET 18.07.2022, Shift-II 1 1 1 
H=  −
2 1000 500π 
Ans. (d) : In RC circuit,
V q  V 
RC = × Q R = and q = CV  1  π−2 
I V  I  H= ×
2 1000 × π 
q
RC = 1  3.14 − 2 
I H= 
2 1000 × π 
q  q
RC = I = t  1  1.14 
q/t   H= 
2 1000π 
RC = t
Hence, RC will have same dimensional formula of time. 0.57
H= mj
174. A resistor of resistance of 100 Ω is connected to π
an AC source E = 10 sin (250 π s–1) t. 175. The Q - value of a series LCR circuit with L =
The energy dissipated as heat during t = 0 to t= 2H, C = 32 µF, R = 20 Ω is
1 ms is approximately. (a) 12.5 (b) 25.0
0.57 1.141 (c) 50.0 (d) 125.0
(a) mj (b) mj TS EAMCET 19.07.2022, Shift-II
π π
(c) 1 mj (d) 0.5mj Ans. (a) : Given, a LCR circuit containing
Inductance (L) = 2H
TS EAMCET 19.07.2022, Shift-I
Capacitance (C) = 32µF = 32 × 10–6F
Ans. (a) : Given that,
Resistance (R) = 20Ω
Resistance (R) = 100 Ω We know that,
E = 10 sin(250πs–1)t …..(i) Quality factor in LCR circuit,
E = E0 sinωt ….(ii)
1 L
On comparison equation (i) and (ii), we get – Q=
E0 = 10 Volt R C
Angular frequency (ω) = 250πs–1 1 2
The energy dissipated as heat (H) Q=
20 32 × 10 −6
E2
H = rms T 1 1
R Q= ×
20 16 × 10 −6
Energy dissipated of heat during t = 0 to t = 1ms = 10–3s
1 1
10−3 E
2
Q= ×
H=∫ rms
dt 20 4 ×10−3
0 R
1 10−3 1 103 1000 100
H = ∫ E 02 sin 2 ωt dt = × = = = 12.5
R 0 20 4 80 8
1 10−3 176. An LCR series circuit with C = 100µF, L = 970
100 ∫0
H= (10) 2 sin 2 ωt dt mH and R = 4Ω is connected to an AC source
of emf E = (100) sin (100t) volts. Find the peak
100 10−3 2 current.
100 ∫0
H= sin ωt dt
(a) 25A (b) 20A
10−3 1 − cos 2ωt 
(c) 15A (d) 30A
H=∫   dt TS EAMCET 31.07.2022, Shift-II
0
 2  Ans. (b) : Given that,
1 10 −3
10 −3
 cos 2ωt  Capacitance (C) = 100 µF = 100 × 10–6 F
H = ∫ dt − ∫   dt
2 0 0
 2  Inductance (L) = 970 mH = 970 × 10–3 H
10−3 Resistance (R) = 4Ω
1 10−3 1  sin 2ωt 
H= [t] −  emf (E) = 100 sin(100t) volt …(i)
2 0 2  2ω  0 E = E0 sin ωt ….(ii)
10−3 Comparing equation (i) and equation (ii), we get –
1 1  sin 2ωt 
H = 10−3  −  E0 = 100 V
2 4  ω  0 ω = 100 rad/sec

The reactance of the circuit is, (a) 25 rad/s and 75 rad/s
X = XC – XL (b) 50 rad/s and 25 rad/s
1 (c) 46 rad/s and 54 rad/s
X= − ωL (d) 42 rad/s and 58 rad/s
ωC NEET- 2021
1 Ans. (c) : The resonance frequency of LCR series
X= − 100 × 970 × 10 −3
100 × 100 × 10−6 circuit is
X = 3Ω 1 1
ω0 = = = 50 rad/s
Now, the impedance is, LC 5 × 80 ×10 −6
Z = R2 + (X) We know that, half power frequencies are given as
2
R
ω = ω0 ±
(4) + ( 3)
2 2
= 2L
= 5Ω 40
ωL = 50 − = 46 rad/s
E 0 100 2×5
∴ Peak current (i0) = = = 20A 40
Z 5 ωH = 50 + = 54 rad/s
177. An inductor of inductance L, a capacitor of 2×5
capacitance C and a resistor of resistance 'R' 179. In an A.C. circuit. the current:
are connected in series to an A.C. source of (a) always leads the voltage
potential difference 'V' volts as shown in figure. (b) always lags behind the voltage
(c) is always in phase with voltage
(d) may lead or lags behind or be in phase with
voltage
AP EAMCET (Medical)-05.10.2021, Shift-I
Ans. (d) : In an A.C. circuit. the current may lead or
lags behind or be in phase with voltage.
Potential difference across L, C and R is 40 V, 180. An LC circuit contains 196 pF capacitor and a
10 V and 40 V, respectively. The amplitude of 441 µH inductor. The frequency of
current flowing through L-C-R series circuit is electromagnetic radiation emitted by antenna
coupled to the LC circuit is _____
10 2 A. The impedance of the circuit is
(a) 7.96 × 105 Hz (b) 54.1 × 105 Hz
(a) 4 2Ω (b) 5 2Ω (c) 79.6 × 10 Hz
5
(d) 5.41 × 105 Hz
(c) 4Ω (d) 5Ω AP EAMCET-23.08.2021, Shift-I
NEET- 2021 Ans. (d) : Given that,
Ans. (d) : Given that, C = 196 pF = 196 × 10–12 F
VL = 40V L = 441 µH = 441 × 10–6 H
VR = 40V We know that,
VC = 10V 1
Frequency (f) =
I0 = 10 2 2π LC
We know that,
f= 1 1
( VR ) + ( VL − VC ) 2π 196 ×10−12 × 441× 10−6
2 2
Vrms =
109
f = 1 × 1
=
( 40 ) + ( 40 − 10 )
2 2
Vrms = = 50 V 2π 14 × 21× 10 −9
2 × 3.14 × 14 × 21
f = 5.41 × 105 Hz
I0 10 2
Q I rms = = = 10A 181. The figure shows an LCR network connected
2 2 to a 300V AC supply. The circuit element are
And Vrms = Irms × Z such that R=XL=XC=10Ω Three voltmeters
V 50 V1,V2 and V3 are connected as shown. Which of
Or Z = rms = = 5Ω the following represents the correct set of
I rms 10 readings of the voltmeters?
178. A series L-C-R circuit containing 5.0 H
inductor, 80µF capacitor and 40 Ω resistor is
connected to 230V variable frequency AC
source. The angular frequencies of the source
at which power transferred to the circuit is half
the power at the resonant angular frequency
are likely to be

(a) V1 = 100V, V2 = 100V, V3 = 100V dI
L =6
(b) V1 = 150V, V2 = 0V, V3 = 150V dt
(c) V1 = 300V, V2 = 100V, V3 = 100V dI 6 6
= = = 3 As–1
(d) V1 = 300V,V2 = 300V, V3 = 300V dt L 2
184. In series LCR AC circuit, the capacitance is
AP EAMCET-03.09.2021, Shift-II changes from C to 4C. For the same resonant
AMU-2011 frequency, the inductance should be changed
Ans. (d) : Given that, R = XL = XC = 10Ω, V = 300 volt from L to
In the condition of resonance L L
VR = VL = VC (a) (b)
4 2
(c) 2 L (d) 4 L
Therefore, V = VR2 + ( VL − VC )
2
Putting these value, we get – AP EAMCET (22.09.2020) Shift-II
300 = VR2 MHT-CET 2005
Ans. (a) : In an LCR circuit, resonance frequency is
VR = 300 given by
So, V1 = V2 = V3 = 300V 1
182. The network shown in the figure is a part of a f=
2π LC
complete circuit. If at a certain insant, the
1
current ‘i' is 5 A and is decreasing at a rate of So, f∝
103 A s–1 then the potential difference VBA= LC
f' LC
Therefore, = …(i)
f L 'C '
(a) 5 V (b) 10 V Given, f' = f , C' = 4C
(c) 15 V (d) 20 V Putting the value in equation (i), we get –
f LC
Ans. (c) : Given that, =
f L '4C
dI
= 103 A/s, L = 5mH = 5×10–3H L '4C = LC
dt
∴ Induced emf across inductance – Squaring both side, we get –
L'4C = LC
dI
ε =L LC L
dt L' = =
So, |ε| = (5 × 10–3) (103) V = 5V 4C 4
185. For LCR ac series circuits, L=25 mH, R=3 Ω ,
C= 62.5 µF. What is the frequency of the
According to the Kirchhoff's voltage law – sources at which resonance occurs?
VA – 5 × 1 + 15 + 5 = VB (a) 127.39 Hz (b) 35.40 Hz
VB – VA = 15V (c) 100 Hz (d) 21 Hz
183. The initial rate of increase of current, when a GUJCET-PCE- 2021
battery of emf 6V is connected in series with an Ans. (a) : Given, Inductance (L) = 25mH = 25 × 10–3 H,
inductance of 2H and resistance 12 Ω is ––––– Resistance (R)= 3Ω, Capacitance (C) = 62.5µF = 62.5 ×
(a) 0.5A s –1
(b) 1 A s–1 10–6 F
(c) 3 A s –1
(d) 4 A s–1 We know that,
AP EAMCET-24.08.2021, Shift-I Frequency (f) = 1
Ans. (c) : Given, L = 2H, emf = 6 volt 2π LC
Applying Kirchhoff's voltage law in the circuit – 1 1
f = ×
2 × 3.14 25 × 10 −3 × 62.5 × 10−6
1
f= = 127.39Hz
78.5 ×10 –4
186. For a series LCR circuit with L=2H, C=18 µF
dI
Since, 6 − L − Ir = 0 and R= 10 Ω. What is the value Q-factor of this
dt circuit?
At initial stage, I = 0 (a) 22.22 (b) 55.55
dI (c) 44.44 (d) 33.33
Therefore, 6 − L = 0
dt GUJCET-PCE- 2021

Ans. (d) : Given, Inductance (L) = 2H, Capacitance (C) π X
tan   = L
= 18µF = 18 × 10–6F, Resistance (R) = 10Ω 3 R
We know that,
XL = 3 R …(ii)
1
Resonance frequency (ωr) = For RLC – circuit
LC We know that,
1 1000 X − XC
= = rad / sec tan(φ) = L …(iii)
2 × 18 × 10 –6 6 R
ωr L Putting the value of XC & XL from equation (i) & (ii) in
Q-factor of the circuit = equation (iii), we get –
R
1000 3R − 3R
×2 = =0
6 R
= = 33.33 φ=0
10
So, power factor (cos φ) = 1
187. When a pure resistor is connected to an AC
source, the phase difference between the 189. In an LCR circuit, inductive reactance and
voltage and the current through the resistor is capacitive reactance was found to be equal. The
o o resistance was found to be 20Ω. The probable
(a) 90 (b) 180 impedance of the combination is ……….. .
(c) 45o (d) 0o (a) Zero (b) 20 Ω
AP EAMCET (18.09.2020) Shift-II (c) 40 2 Ω (d) 400 Ω
Ans. (d) : Let us consider a pure resistive circuit shown AP EAMCET-23.09.2020, Shift-II
in figure given below – BITSAT-2020
Ans. (b) : Given, XL = XC
The impedance of L – C – R circuit is –
( XL − XC )
2
Z= + R2
(0)
2
Z= + R2
Applying KVL in loop, Z=R
VS = VR = I S R ∴ Z = 20Ω
From phasor diagram we can see that current and 190. In LCR circuit the inductance is changed from
voltage both are in phase. Hence phase difference L to 9L. For same resonant frequency the
between them are 0°. capacitance should be changed from C to
188. In a electrical circuit, R, L, C and an AC C
(a) 9C (b)
voltage source are all connected in series. When 9
L is removed from the circuit, the phase C
difference between the voltage and the current (c) (d) 3C
3
in the circuit is π/3. If instead, C is removed MHT-CET 2020
from the circuit, the phase difference is again Ans. (b) : Given that,
π/3. The power factor of the circuit is
In LCR circuit inductance is change from L to 9L for
(a) 1/2 (b) 1/ 2 same resonant frequency,
(c) 1 (d) 3 / 2 1 1
ω= =
NEET (Sep.)- 2020 L1C1 L 2 C2
AIPMT- 2012 L1C1 = L2C2
Ans. (c) : According to the question, LC L
For only RC –circuit C2 = 1 1 = × C1
L2 9L
π
φRC = C
3 C2 = (Q C1 = C )
9
π X
tan   = C 191. In an LCR circuit, inductive reactance is 30Ω
3 R and capacitive reactance 30Ω. The resistance
XC = 3 R …(i) was found to be 40Ω. The probable impedance
For only RL – circuit of the combination is
(a) 40 Ω (b) 60 Ω
π
φRL = (c) 100 Ω (d) 20 Ω
3 MHT-CET 2020
Ans. (a) : Given that, 194. The resonant frequency of a series LCR circuit
Inductive reactance (XL) = 30Ω is ‘f’. The circuit is now connected to the
Capacitive reactance (XC) = 30Ω sinusoidally alternating e.m.f. of frequency ‘2f’.
Resistance (R) = 40Ω The new reactance X′L and X′C are related as
1
(a) X′C = X′L (b) X′C = 2X′L
4
1
(c) X′C = X′L (d) X′C = X′L
2
In LCR circuit impedance, MHT-CET 2020
Z = R + (X L − X C )
2 2 Ans. (a) : We know that,
1
Z = (40) 2 + (30 − 30) 2 (XL) = 2πfL, XC =
2πfC
Z = (40) 2 At resonant, XL = XC
Z = 40Ω When frequency is 2f then,
1
192. With the gradual increase in frequency of an X 'L = 4πfL and X'C =
a.c. supply, the impedance of an L-C-R series 4 πfC
circuit X
(a) remains constant. So, X 'L = 2X L and X'C = C
2
(b) decreases. Then,
(c) first decreases, becomes minimum and then
increases. X'C X C / 2 X C 1
= = ×
(d) increases. X'L 2X L XL 4
MHT-CET 2020
X'C 1
WBJEE-2017 =
Ans. (c) : In an LCR circuit the impendence and current X'L 4
depend upon the frequency (f). According to question if X'
frequency is increases then XL = ωL will increases and X 'C = L
4
1
XC = is decreased. 195. The LCR series and parallel resonant circuits
ωC are respectively called as
(a) rejector circuit, acceptor circuit.
(b) rejector circuit, rejector circuit.
(c) acceptor circuit, acceptor circuit.
(d) acceptor circuit, rejector circuit.
MHT-CET 2020
Ans. (d) : The LCR series and parallel resonant circuits
are respectively called acceptor circuit and rejecter
So, impedance of the circuit first decreases then
increases after reaching a minimum value. circuit.
193. In a series LCR circuit at resonance, the 196. In an a.c. circuit containing L, C, R is series,
the ratio of true power to apparent power is (Z
applied e.m.f. of the source and current in the
circuit are = impedance of the circuit, R = resistance, φ =
phase difference between the r.m.s. values of
π
(a) differ in phase by rad current and e.m.f.)
2 R Z
(b) in phase (a) (b)
Z R
(c) out of phase
(c) cot φ (d) RZ
π
(d) differ in phase by rad MHT-CET 2020
4 Ans. (a) :
MHT-CET 2020
Kerala CEE-2014
Karnataka CET-2015
Ans. (b) : In a series LCR circuit at resonance the
applied emf of the source and current in the circuit are
in phase.
In an A.C circuit containing L,C, R is series the ratio of
Q XL = XC & circuit behaves as resistive circuit. true power to the apparent power is known as R/Z.
197. An alternating e.m.f. of 0.2 V is applied across Ans. (b) : At resonance condition,
an LCR series circuit having R = 4Ω, C = 80 µF Z=R …(i)
and L = 200 mH. At resonance the voltage drop Now, Power factor,
across the inductor is
(a) 2.5 V (b) 5 V Z
cosφ =
(c) 1 V (d) 10 V R
MHT-CET 2020 Z
cosφ = from equation (i)
Ans. (a) : Given that, Z
At resonance, XL = XC cosφ = 1
Resistance (R) = 4Ω Therefore, power factor equals to 1, not to zero.
Capacitance (C) = 80.0µF = 80 × 10–6 F 200. A sinusoidal voltage having maximum value of
Emf (E) = 0.2 V 283 V & frequency of 50 Hz is applied to LCR
Inductance (L) = 200 × 10–3H series connection where R = 3Ω, L = 25.48 mH
0.2 & C = 796 µF. Then impedance is _____ at
∴ Current (I) = E/R = = 0.05 A
4 resonance condition.
XL = ωL = 2πfL (a) 15Ω (b) 5Ω
1 (c) 3Ω (d) 4Ω
Q f= GUJCET 2020
2π LC
Ans. (c) : Given, Resistance (R) = 3Ω, Inductance (L) =
1 L 25.48 mH = 25.48 × 10–3 H, Capacitance (C) = 796 µF
∴ X L = 2πL × =
2π LC C = 796 × 10–6 F
200 ×10−3 We know that, impedance
XL = = 50Ω
Z = R 2 + ( X L − XC )
2
80 × 10−6
VL = I × XL At resonance, XL = XC
∴ VL = 0.05 × 50 = 2.5 Volt
Z = R 2 + ( X L − XC )
2
198. In series LCR circuit ‘R’ represents an electric
bulb. If the frequency of ac supply is doubled, Z=R
the value of ‘L’ and ‘C’ should be
Z = 3Ω
(a) both doubled simultaneously.
(b) four times the original value. 201. In a series L-C-R circuit, the inductive
(c) eight times the original value. reactance is twice the resistance and the
(d) both halved simultaneously. capacitive reactance is 1/3rd of the inductive
MHT-CET 2020 reactance. The power factor of the circuit is
(a) 1.5 (b) 1.15
Ans. (d) : According to question,
(c) 0.6 (d) 0.5
AP EAMCET (17.09.2020) Shift-II
Inductive reactance XL = 2R,
In series LCR circuit for the same current value the total 1 2
impedance, Capacitive reactance X C = X L = R
3 3
Z = R 2 + (X L − X C ) 2 Impedance,
Z = R 2 + ( X L − XC )
2 2
 1 
Z = R 2 +  ωL − 
 ωC  2
When frequency is double  2  16
= R 2 +  2R − R  = R 2 + R 2
2  3  9
 1 
Z = R +  2πfL −
2
 25 2 5
 2πf C  Z= R = R
Z must be same when frequency become double. 9 3
Then L and C both halved simultaneously. Then, power factor,
199. For a series LCR circuit at resonance, the R R
statement which is not true is cos φ = =
Z 5
(a) Wattless current is zero ⋅R
3
(b) Power factor is zero
(c) Peak energy stored by a capacitor = peak 3
cos φ = = 0.6
energy stored by an inductor 5
(d) Average power= apparent power cos φ = 0.6
COMEDK 2020
202. Which of the following components of an L - C Ans. (d) : For a series R-L-C circuit quality factor can
- R circuit, with AC supply, dissipates energy? be given by –
(a) Only L (b) Only R X
(c) Only C (d) L and C Q= L
R
ω0 L
Ans. (b) : In an A.C. circuit, the power dissipated is - Q= {QX L = ω0 L}
P = VI cos φ R
Where, φ = phase difference between voltage and 205. An L-C-R series circuit is connected to a source
current. of alternating current. At resonance, the
For inductor (L) and capacitor (C), the phase difference applied voltage and the current flowing
between V and I is 90o. through the circuit will have a phase difference
o of
Then, PL or PC = VI cos90 = 0
For resistor (R), the phase difference between V and I π
(a) π (b)
zero. 2
Then, PR = VI cos0o = VI π
Hence, only due to resistor R energy is dissipated in an (c) (d) 0o
4
L-C-R circuit.
203. Which one of the following curves represents BCECE-2003
the variation of impedance (Z) with frequency f
J&K CET-2001
in a series L-C-R circuit, when connected to an
AC source? AIPMT-1994
Ans. (d) : In LCR circuit
(a) (b) At resonance condition,
Inductive Reactance = Capacitive reactance
XL = XC
(c) (d) Now, impedance in LCR circuit
Z = R 2 + ( XL – XC )
2
TS-EAMCET.14.09.2020, Shift-2
Ans. (c) : We know,
Z = R 2 + ( XL – XL ) [Q X L = X C ]
2
Impedance for a series R-L-C circuit -
Z = R 2 + ( XL − XC )
2
Z = R2 = R
So, At resonance, LCR circuit behave as pure resistive
2
 1  circuit. In purely resistive circuit, current and voltage
Z = R 2 +  ωL −  are in same phase.
 ωC 
Then, phase difference, φ = 0°.
2
 1  206. An alternating voltage ε = 30 sin 200 t (in volts)
Z = R 2 +  2πfL −  is applied to the circuit below. The amplitude
 2πfC 
of the current through the circuit is
At resonance, X L = X C
i.e. Zmin = R and f = fo (fo = resonance frequency )
Hence, the variation of Z with frequency (f )in a series -
(a) 3 A (b) 2 A
(c) 1 A (d) 0.5 A
204. For an R-L-C circuit, driven with voltage of Ans. (a) : Given,
Alternating voltage, ε = 30sin 200t V
1
amplitude Vm and frequency ω0 = , the …..(i)
LC Resistance, (R) = 10 Ω,
current exhibits resonance. The quality factor Inductance, (L) = 0.05 H,
Q is Capacitance (C) = 500 µF = 500 × 10–6 F
ω R R
(a) 0 (b)
L ω0 C
CR ω0 L
(c) (d)
ω0 R
TS-EAMCET.11.09.2020, Shift-2
Standard equation of AC voltage, 1
ε = εm sin ωt …..(ii) And, f=
2π LC
From equation (i) and (ii), we get–
We know, XL = ωL
ε m = 30V, ω = 200rad / sec
1
We know that, X L = 2πfL = 2π × ×L
Inductive reactance, 2π LC
X L = ωL = 200 × 0.05 = 10Ω L
XL = Ω
And, Capacitive reactance, C
I 1
XC = = = 10Ω 1 1 L
ωC 200 × 500 ×10 −6 And, X C = = = Ω
2πfC 2π × 1
×C C
Now, Impedance of the LCR circuit,
2π LC
( R ) + ( XL − XC )
2 2
Z= Voltage across capacitor VC (+) = VL (+)
Current through resistor (IR) = IL – IC
(10 ) + (10 − 10 )
2 2
= = 100 + 0
V V
Z = 10Ω = L − C
X L XC
So, Amplitude of the current is,
V ε 30 VL V
I max = m = m = =3A IR = − L
Z Z 10 L L
I max = 3A C C
207. In CR-circuit the growth of charge on the {Q VL = VC }
capacitor is
So, I R = 0A
(a) more rapid if the CR is smaller
(b) more rapid if the CR is larger Hence the current through R is zero.
(c) independent of CR 209. A circuit when connected to an AC source of 12
(d) independent of time V gives a current of 0.2 A. The same circuit
TS-EAMCET-10.09.2020, Shift-1 when connected to a DC source of 12 V, gives a
Ans. (a) : In CR circuit, the growth on capacitor occurs current of 0.4 A. The circuit is
as– (a) series LR (b) series RC
Q = Q0 (1 – e–t/RC) (c) series LC (d) series LCR
When product of CR is small, then time constant for CR NEET- (Odisha) 2019
circuit is small and growth of charge will be more rapid.
Ans. (a) : For AC source,
208. The L-C-R circuit shown below is driven by an
irms = 0.2
ideal AC voltage source.
V
We know that, irms = rms
Z
12
Or Impendence ( Z ) = = 60 Ω
0.2
For DC source,
1 V 12
At frequency f = , choose the correct I = 0.4 = =
2π LC R R
statement.
12 120
(a) The current through R is zero. Resistance ( R ) = = = 30 Ω
(b) The current through R is infinite. 0.4 4
(c) The current through R depends on the value Since, there is current in steady state of DC circuit so
of L and C. there is no capacitor in the circuit and as Z > R
(d) The current through R depends only on the So, second component other than resistor is inductor
value of R and not L and C. So the circuit is series LR circuit.
TS-EAMCET-11.09.2020, Shift-1 210. An alternating emf source of 100 V at 50 Hz is
Ans. (a) : Given circuit diagram – connected to a circuit of resistance (10π) Ω and
inductance of 0.173 H. What is the phase
difference between current and emf
(a) 00 (b) 450
0
(c) 30 (d) 600
Ans. (d) : Given, R2
emf (E0) = 100V Z= R2 +
4
Frequency (f) = 50Hz
Resistance (R) = 10π Ω Z=
5R
Inductance (I) = 0.173 H 2
Inductive reactance = ωL = 2πfL X − XC R − R / 2 1
= 2π × 50 × 0.173 Q tan φ = L = =
R R 2
Now, phase difference between current and emf, ∴ Phase difference (φ) = tan–1(1/2).
X  213. L-C-R series circuit contains a resistance of 10
φ = tan −1  L 
 R  Ω and self-inductance 0.4 H connected in series
with variable capacitor across 60 V and 50 Hz
 2π × 50 × 0.173 
φ = tan −1  
supply. The value of capacity at resonance will
 10π  be π2 = 10
φ = tan −1 (1.73) (a) 25 µF (b) 26 µF
(c) 22 µF (d) 24 µF
( )
φ = tan −1 3 , φ = 60° MHT-CET 2019
211. The readings of ammeter and voltmeter in the Ans. (a) : Given that,
following circuit are respectively : R = 10 Ω, L = 0.4 H, f = 50 Hz, V = 60 Volt
We know that,
1
Frequency (f) =
2π LC
1
∴ f2 = 2
4π .LC
(a) 1.2 A, 120 V (b) 1.5 A, 100 V 1
(50) =
2
(c) 2.7 A, 220 V (d) 2.2 A, 220 V 4 × (3.14)2 × 0.4 × C
Ans. (d) : Given that, 2500 =
4 × (3.14) 2 × 0.4 × C
Vtotal = 220 V, VL = 50 V, VC = 50 V, R = 100Ω
1
We know that, C=
4 × (3.14) 2
× 0.4 × 2500
Vtotal = ( VL − VC ) + VR2
2
1
C=
220 = (50 − 50) 2 + VR2 39438.4
C = 0.0000253 = 25 × 10–6
VR = 220 Volt
C = 25 µF
VR 220
Current (I) = = = 2.2 Amp 214. The correct graph of inductive reactance or
R 100 capacitive reactance and frequency of the
212. For a series RLC circuit R=XL=2XC. The source of alternating signal is shown in
impedance of the circuit and phase difference
between V and I respectively will be
(a) (b)
5R −1 5R −1
(a) , tan (2) (b) , tan (1/ 2)
2 2
(c) 5X C , tan −1 (2) (d) 5R, tan −1 (1/ 2)
VITEEE-2019 (c) (d)
XL = R = 2XC MHT-CET 2019
XL = R and XC = R/2 Karnataka CET-2018
Then impedance (Z) = R 2 + ( XL − XC )
2 MHT-CET-2020
BITSAT-2006
 R
2
Ans. (b) : Q XL = ωL = 2πfL
Z = R2 +  R −  If f increases then XL also increases linearly.
 2
1 1
2 XC = =
R ωC 2πfC
Z= R2 +  
2 If f increases then XC decreases as in graph b.

215. The inductance, capacitance and resistance are 217. In LCR series circuit, source voltage is 120 volt,
represented by ‘L’, ‘C’, ‘R’ respectively. voltage across inductor 50 volt and voltage
Which one of the following term has the across resistance is 40 volt, then determine
dimension of frequency? voltage across capacitor.
(a)
L
(b)
C (
(a) VC = 30 5 – 8 2 ) ( )
(b) VC = 10 5 + 8 2
R L
(c) LC (d)
1 (
(c) VC = 20 5 + 8 2 ) ( )
(d) VC = 10 5 + 7 2
RC AIIMS-26.05.2019(E) Shift-2
MHT-CET 2019 Ans. (b) : Given that,
Ans. (d) : We know that, VZ = 120 volt
V VR = 40 V
V = IR, R= VL = 50 V
I
We know that, VC = ?
We know that,
W
V= VZ2 = VR2 + ( VC − VL )
2
Q
(120)2 = (40)2 + (VC – 50)2
[ML2 T −2 ]
V = 14400 – 1600 = (VC – 50)2
[AT]
12800 = ( VC − 50 )
2
V = [ML2 T–3A–1]
 ML2 T −3 A −1  12800 = VC − 50
∴ R= = [ML2 T–3A–2] 80 2 = VC − 50
[A]
We know that, VC = 50 + 80 2
C = q/V
C = It/V ( )
VC = 10 5 + 8 2 volt
[AT] 218. In a LCR oscillatory circuit find the energy
C=
[ML2 T −3 A −1 ] stored in inductor at resonance, if voltage of
Dimension of capacitance, source is 10 V and resistance is 10Ω and
C = [M–1L–2T4 A2] inductance is 1 H.
(a) 0.5 J (b) 2 J
1 1 (c) 4 J (d) 10 J
Then dimension of =
RC [ML2 T −3 A −2 ][M −1L−2 T 4 A 2 ] AIIMS-26.05.2019(M) Shift-1
1 Ans. (a) : Given that,
= = [T −1 ] Inductance ( L) = 1H
[T]
1
So, the dimension of is equal to dimension of Voltage (V) = 10V
RC In LCR circuit,
frequency. V V
216. In a series LCR circuit R = 300 Ω, L = 0.9 H, C I= =
Z R
= 2 µF, ω = 1000 rad/s. The impedance of the
circuit is 10
I= = 1 Amp
(a) 900 Ω (b) 500 Ω 10
(c) 400 Ω (d) 1300 Ω 1
Hence, the energy stored in inductor = LI 2
MHT-CET 2019 2
Ans. (b) : Given that, 1 1
= × 1× (1) =
2
R = 300 Ω, L = 0.9 H, C = 2 µF = 2 × 10–6 F 2 2
ω = 1000 rad/sec = 0.5 J
Impedance of the circuit, 219. Frequency of L-C circuit is f1. If a resistance R
 1 
2 is also added to it in series, the frequency
Z = R +  ωL −
2
 f
 ωC  becomes f2. The ratio of 2 will be:
2
f1
 1 
Z = (300) + 1000 × 0.9 −
2

2
R C R 2C
 1000 × 2 × 10−6  (a) 1 + (b) 1 –
4L 4L
Z = (300)2 + (400) 2 2
R C R 2C
Z = 90000 + 160000 (c) 1 + (d) 1 –
L L
Z = 500 Ω AIIMS-25.05.2019(M) Shift-1
Ans. (b) : According to question, 222. In L-C-R, A.C. series circuit, L = 9 H, R = 10 Ω
Frequency of LC circuit & C = 100 µF. Hence Q-factor of the circuit is
_____.
1 (a) 25 (b) 45
f1 = .....(i)
2π LC (c) 35 (d) 30
2 2 GUJCET 2019
1  1   R  Ans. (d) :Given, Inductance (L) = 9H, Resistance (R) =
f2 =   −  ……(ii)
2π  LC   2L  10Ω, Capacitance (C) = 100µF = 100 × 10–6F
Dividing equation (ii) by equation (i), we get – We know that,
1 1
2
 1   R 
2 Resonance frequency (ωr) = =
  −  LC 9 ×100 ×10 –6
f2  LC   2L  1 100
= × 102 = = 33.33
f1 1 3 3
LC ω L 33.33 × 9
And Q- factor of the circuit = r =
1 R2 R 10
− 2 = 29.997 ≈ 30
f2 LC 4L
= 6
f1 1 223. When an inductor of inductance H, a
LC π
50
1 R 2C capacitor of capacitance µF and resistor of
1− π
f2 LC 4L resistance R are connected in series with an AC
=
f1 1 supply of rms voltage 220 V and frequency 50
Hz, the rms current through the circuit is 440
LC mA. Match the inductive reactance, XL the
f2 R 2C capacitive reactance, XC the resistance R and
= 1− the impedance Z of the circuit given in List-I
f1 4L with the corresponding values given in List-II.
220. The resonant frequency of an LCR circuit List-I List-II
occurs at a frequency equal to: (A) XL (i) 200Ω
1 1 (B) XC (ii) 300Ω
(a) (b) (C) Z (iii) 500Ω
LC LC (D) R (iv) 600Ω
1 1 A B C D A B C D
(c) (d)
LCR CR (a) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii) (b) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
AIIMS-2013 (c) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii) (d) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
COMEDK-2019 AP EAMCET (20.04.2019) Shift-1
JCECE-2005 Ans. (c) : Given that,
6
Ans. (b) : The resonant frequency of an LCR circuit Inductance L = H,
occurs at a frequency– π
1 50
ωr = Capacitor C = µF
LC π
6
Where, L = Inductance (A) X L = 2πfL = 2π × 50 × = 600Ω
π
C = Capacitance
1 1
221. If in an A.C., L-C series circuit XC > XL. Hence (B) X C = = = 200Ω
potential _____. 2πfC 2π × 50 × 50 × 10−6
π π
(a) lags behind the current by in phase. Vr.m.s 220 1000
2 (C) R = = = = 500Ω
I r.m.s 440 × 10−3 2
(b) leads the current by π in phase
(D) Z = R 2 + ( X L − X C ) ⇒ R = Z2 − ( X L − X C )
2 2
π
(c) leads the current by in phase
2
R = ( 500 ) − ( 600 − 200 ) = 250000 − 160000
2 2
(d) lags behind the current by π in phase
GUJCET 2019 R = 90000
Ans. (a) : If in an A.C., L-C series circuit XC > XL. R = 300Ω
Potential lags behind the current by π/2 phase. A → (iv), B → (i), C → (ii), D → (iii)

224. A sinusoidal voltage with a frequency of 50 Hz Vrms 200
is applied to a series LCR circuit with a Then, I rms = = = 20A
Z 10
resistance of 5Ω inductance of 20 mH and a I rms = 20A
capacitance of 500 µF. The magnitude of
The rms voltage difference across the inductor is –
impedance of the circuit is closed to
VL = I rms × X L = 20 ×150
(a) 19.2Ω (b) 14.4Ω
(c) 9.6Ω (d) 5Ω VL = 3000 V
TS-EAMCET-03.05.2019, Shift-2 Hence, the rms voltage across inductor, VL = 3000V
Ans. (d) : Given, 226. An alternating voltage (in volt) given by
Resistance (R) = 5Ω, V = 200 2sin (100t) is connected to 1 µF
Inductance (L) = 20 mH = 20 × 10–3 H, capacitor through an AC ammeter. The
reading of the ammeter will be
Capacitance (C) = 500 µF, = 500 × 10–6 F, (a) 10 mA (b) 20 mA
Frequency (f) = 50 Hz (c) 40 mA (d) 80 mA
Inductive reactance, AMU-2018
X L = 2πfL = 2π × 50 × 20 × 10 −3 = 6.28Ω JCECE-2011
And, Capacitive reactance, Ans. (b) :Given that,
1 1 1000 20 V = 200 2 sin (100t ) ,ω = 100 s-1
XC = = = = = 6.36Ω Root means square voltage across capacitor,
2πfC 2π × 50 × 500 × 10 −6 50π π
As we know that, Vo 200 2
Vrms = = = 200V
Impedance of LCR circuit, 2 2
Z = R 2 + ( X L − XC ) We know that, impedance of capacitive circuit
2
1 1
XC = = = 104
( 5) + ( 6.28 − 6.36 )
2 2
Then, Z= ωC 100 × 10−6
= 25 + 0.0064 = 25.0064 V 200
Therefore, Irms = rms = 4 amp
Z ≈ 5Ω X C 10
225. A series LCR circuit with L = 0.5 H and R = Irms = 20mA
10Ω is connected to an AC supply with rms 227. In an series LCR circuit the phase difference
voltage and frequency equal to 200 V and between voltage across R and C is
150 π
Hz, respectively. The magnitude of the (a) 0 (b)
π 2
3π
capacitance is varied so that current amplitude (c) π (d)
in the circuit becomes maximum. The rms 2
voltage difference across the inductor is SRM JEE-2018
(a) 3000 V (b) 2500 V Ans. (b) : In an series LCR circuit the phase difference
(c) 2000 V (d) 2600 V between voltage across R and C is-
Inductance (L) = 0.5 H,
Resistance (R) = 10 Ω,
Vrms = 200 V,
150
Frequency ( f ) = As shown in figure phase difference between voltage
π
π
Capacitance is vary up to circuit current amplitude across R and C is
become maximum it happen when – 2
XL = XC 228. In a L-C circuit, angular frequency at
resonance is ω. What will be the new angular
We know, XL = ωL frequency when inductor’s inductance is made
150 two times and capacitor’s capacitance is made
X L = 2πfL = 2π × × 0.5 = 150Ω four times?
π
ω ω
Z = R 2 + ( X L − XC ) (a) (b)
2
And, 2 2 2
2ω
Z = (10 ) + ( X L − X L ) {Q X L = X C }
2 2
(c) 2ω (d)
2
Z = 100 + 0 = 10Ω JIPMER-2018
Ans. (a) : Given that, L1 = 2L, C1 = 4C CV 2
We know that, I2 =
L
1
Angular frequency (ω) = 20 ×10−6 × 80 × 80
LC I =
2
80 × 10−6
2
1 I = 1600
ω1 =
L1C1 I = 40 A
1 231. A series LCR circuit with R = 43Ω and L = 0.5
ω1 = H has a leading phase angle of 45° at a
2L × 4C frequency of 50 Hz. The capacitance used in
1 1 the circuit is.
ω1 = × (a) 15.9 µF (b) 20.2 µF
2 2 LC
ω (c) 27.9 µF (d) 12.3 µF
ω1 = TS EAMCET (Medical)-02.05.2018, Shift-I
2 2 Ans. (a) : Given that,
229. A resistance of 10 Ω is joined to an inductance Resistance (R) = 43Ω
of 0.5 H and a capacitance of 20.24 × 10–6 F Inductance (L) = 0.5H
When the circuit is connected to mains of 200 V Phase angle (φ) = 45°
and 50 cycle per second, maximum current
Frequency (F) = 50 Hz
flows in the circuit. The value of current is
We know that,
(a) 10 A (b) 20 A
(c) 50 A (d) 0.5 A X − XL
tan φ = C
Assam CEE-2018 R
Ans. (b) : Given, 1
− ωL
Resistance (R) = 10Ω, tan 45° = Cω
Inductance (L) = 0.5 H, R
Capacitance (C) = 20.24 × 10–6 F 1
− 2πf L
Voltage (V) = 200 volt, 2πf C
Frequency (f) = 50 Hz 1=
43
The current in the circuit would be maximum when
1
XL = XC 43 = − 2π× 50 × 0.5
So the impedance (Z) of the circuit 2π× 50C
1
Z = R 2 + ( X L − XC )
2
43 + 50π =
100πC
Z = R 2 + (0)
2
1
C= = 15.9 ×10–6 F
Z = R = 10Ω 100π(43 + 50π)
V 200 C = 15.9 µF
=
Current in the circuit (I) = = (I) = 20 amp
R 10 232. An alternating current is flowing through a
series LCR circuit. It is found that the current
230. In the given L-C circuit, inductance is 80 mH reaches a value of 1 mA at both 200 Hz and 800
and capacitance is 20 µF. The maximum Hz frequency. What is the resonance frequency
potential difference across the capacitor is 80 of the circuit?
V. The maximum current is (a) 600 Hz (b) 300 Hz
(c) 500 Hz (d) 400 Hz
WB JEE 2018
f1 = 200Hz, f2 = 800Hz, for current (I) = 1mA
So, resonance frequency (f0) = f1f 2
(a) 200 A (b) 40 A f0 = 800 × 200
(c) 800 A (d) 100 A f0 = 400 Hz
AP EAMCET-24.04.2018, Shift-II 233. A coil of 40 henry inductance is connected in
Ans. (b) : Given, series with a resistance of 8 ohm and the
L = 80 mH, C = 20 µF, VC = 80 V combination is joined to the terminals of a 2
volt battery. The time constant of the circuit is
According to the energy conservation – (a) 20 seconds (b) 5 seconds
1 2 1 (c) 1/5 seconds (d) 40 seconds
Li = CV 2
2 2 VITEEE-2018
Ans. (b) : Given that, Ans. (d) Given,
L = 40 H and R = 8 Ω T V0
L Vrms in t = 0 to t = = …(i)
Then, time constant for LR circuit (τ) = 4 x
R We know that,
40
τ= = 5second V
V= 0 t⇒V= 0 t
4V
8 T/4 T
234. In an oscillation of L-C circuit, the maximum
4V0
charge on the capacitor is Q. The charge on the Vrms = < V > =
2
< t2 >
capacitor, when the energy is stored equally T
between the electric and magnetic field is T/4 2 
1/ 2
4V0  ∫0
Q Q  t dt 
(a) (b) 
2 2 Vrms =  
T  T/4 
 ∫0
Q Q dt
(c) (d) 
3 3
AIIMS-27.05.2018(M) V
Vrms = 0 …(ii)
Ans. (b) If q is the required charge, 3
q 2 1 Q2 On comparing equation (i) & (ii), we get –
Then, = × V0 V0
2C 2 2C =
Q 3 x
∴ q=
Hence, the value x = 3
2
Q 237. In L-C-R circuit resonant frequency in 600 Hz
Hence, the required charge (q) = and half power points are at 650 and 550 Hz.
2 The quality factor is
235. In an LCR circuit inductance is L, resistance is 1 1
R and quality factor is Q then find the (a) (b)
capacitance of the circuit. 6 3
(a) L/(RQ)2 (b) L/(2RQ)2 (c) 6 (d) 3
(c) 2L/(RQ) 2
(d) 3L//(RQ)2 JCECE-2018
Ans. (c) : Given,
AIIMS-27.05.2018(E)
Ans. (a) In LCR circuit, Resonance frequency (f0) = 600 Hz, f2 = 650 Hz & f1 =
We know that, 650 Hz
We know that,
1 L
Quality factor (Q) = f  Where B = Bandwidth 
R C B= 0
Q  Q = quality facror 
Squaring both side, we get–
1 L Now, B = f2 – f1 = 650 – 550 = 100 Hz
Q2 = 2 f0 = 600 Hz
R C
600
C=
L So, Q= =6
100
( RQ )
2
238. In the circuit shown, the symbols have their

236. The voltage time (V-t) graph for triangular usual meanings. The cell has emf E. X is
wave having peak value V0 is as shown in
initially joined to Y for a long time. Then, X is
figure. The rms value of V in time interval
joined to Z. The maximum charge on C at any
V
from t=0 to T/4 is 0 then find the value of x. later time will be
x
E ER
(a) (b)
R LC 2 LC
(a) 5 (b) 4 E LC E LC
(c) 7 (d) 3 (c) (d)
2R R
AIIMS-27.05.2018(E) BITSAT-2018
Ans. (d) : Given circuit diagram – 240. In the circuit given below, the capacitor C is
charged by closing the switch S1 and opening
the switch S2. After charging, the switch S1 is
opened and S2 is closed, then the maximum
current in the circuit
Case (I) – When switch is at 'Y' for long times it means

circuit goes in steady state condition and –
E
I=
R
L C
(a) V (b) V
C L
V L L
(c) (d) 2πV
Energy stored in inductor 2π C C
1 1 E2 TS-EAMCET-04.05.2018, Shift-1
U = Li 2 = L 2 Ans. (b) : Given circuit diagram –
2 2 R
Case (II) – When switch is connected to Z maximum
energy in capacitor is –
Q2
U = max
2C
Q 2max = 2CE
1 E2
Q 2max = 2C × L 2 When switch S1 is closed and S2 is open capacitor C
2 R will be fully charged.
E 2 For S1 closed,
Q 2 = LC 2 Energy is stored in capacitors,
R
1
E E = CV 2
Q= LC 2
R After, charging when S1 is opened and S2 is closed this
239. In the AC circuit shown, L-C circuit when capacitor is completely discharged,
E = E0sin ( ωt + φ ) and 1
E = LI2
 π 2
i = i 0sin ωt + φ +  1 1
 4 So, CV 2 = LI 2
2 2
CV2 = LI2
CV 2
I2 =
L
C
I=V
L
Then, the box contains 241. An initially charged undriven LCR circuit
(a) Only C having inductance L, capacitance C and
(b) L and R in series resistance R will be
(c) C and R in series or L, C and R in series 1
(a) oscillate with frequency
(d) Only R LC
AP EAMCET (23.04.2018) Shift-2 4L
Ans. (c) : Given that, E = Eo sin (ωt + φ) (b) oscillate without damping, if R 2 <
C
 π 4L
i = io sin  ωt + φ +  (c) oscillate with damping, if R 2 >
 4 C
As current leads voltage by π/4, so circuit must be more 4L
capacitive than inductive. Hence it is either a C–R (d) oscillate with damping, if R <
2
C
combination or L–C–R combination.
Ans. (d) : In an L-C-R circuit, So, ω = 100π
R2 1 At resonant frequency current is maximum –
When 2
= , charge decays exponentially and no 1
4L LC f=
oscillations occurs. 2π LC
R2 1 1
When > , then also charge decays exponentially Or ω=
4L2 LC LC
and no oscillations occurs. 1 1
Therefore, L = =
R2 1 4L Cω 1× 10 × (100π )2
2 −6
But when 2
< or when R2 < , then
4L LC C 1 100
oscillations occurs with frequency - L=
−6
= 2
10 × 10 4
× π 2
π
1 1 R2
f= − 244. As given in the figure a series circuit connected
2π LC 4L2 across a 200V, 60 Hz line consists of a capacitor
242. Figure shows a circuit that constains three of capacitive reactance 30Ω, a non-inductive
identical resistors with resistance R = 9.0Ω resistor of resistance 44Ω, a coil of inductive
each, two identical inductors with inductance L reactance 90Ω and another resistance of
= 2.0 mH each, and an ideal battery with emf e resistance 36Ω. The power dissipated in the
= 18 V. The current i through the battery just circuit is–
after the switch closed is
(a) 320 W (b) 176 W

(a) 2mA (b) 0.2 A (c) 144 W (d) 0 W
(c) 4 A (d) 0 A BCECE-2017
NEET- 2017 Ans. (a) :
Ans. (c) : Equivalent circuit just after closing switch
Here, R1 = 44Ω, R2 = 36Ω, XL = 90Ω, XC = 30Ω, V =

After switch is closed. 200 V
Capacitor behave as short circuit and inductor behave as Total resistance of the circuit is,
open circuit. R = R1 + R2
Current flow through R2 and R3, then equivalent R = 44 + 36
resistance R = 80Ω
1 1 9×9 9 Impedance of the circuit,
Req = + = =
R2 R3 9 + 9 2 Z = R 2 + ( X L − XC )
2
E 18
i= = = 4A
(80 ) + ( 90 − 30 )
2 2
Req 9 / 2 Z=
Z = ( 80 ) + ( 60 )
2 2
243. An LCR series circuit is connected to an
external emf, e = 200 sin 100 πt. The values of
capacitance and resistance in the circuit are 1 Z = 6400 + 3600
µF and 100 Ω respectively. The amplitude of Z = 10000 = 100Ω
current in the circuit is maximum when the
V
inductance is (in henry) Current ( I ) =
100 Z
(a) (b) 100 200
π 2
I= = 2A
(c) 100 π (d) 104 100
AP EAMCET-25.04.2017, Shift-II Power dissipated in the coil,
Ans. (a) : Given, P = I 2R
C = 1 µF, R = 100Ω P = (2)2 × 80
e = 200sin 100πt P = 4 × 80 = 320 W

245. An inductor, a resistor and a capacitor are Ans. (b) : Given that,
joined in series with an AC source. As the Inductive reactance XL = 40Ω
frequency of the source is slightly increased Resistance R = 30Ω
from a very low value, the reactance of the Maximum voltage Vmax = 420V
(a) inductor increases (b) resistor increases The effective impedance,
(c) capacitor increases (d) circuit increases
Z = R 2 + X 2L
AIIMS-2017
( 30 ) + ( 40 )
2 2
Ans. (a) We know that, = = 900 + 1600
1 Z = 50Ω
Capacitive reactance (XC) =
ωC The maximum current,
1 V 420
XC = I max = max =
2πfC Z 50
Here, capacitive reactance is inversely proportional to Imax = 8.4A
the frequency.
Now, Inductive reactance, XL = ωL 248. An A.C voltage V = 5 cos (1000t) V is applied to
a L-R series circuit of inductance 3 mH and
XL = 2πf L resistance 4 Ω. The value of maximum current
Here, inductive reactance is directly proportional to the in the circuit is _____A.
frequency. (a) 0.8 (b) 1.0
So, if frequency is slightly increased, then inductor also 5 5
increased. (c) (d)
7 7
246. An alternating voltage V = V0 sin ωt is GUJCET 2017
connected to a capacitor of capacity C0 through Ans. (b) : Given,
an AC ammeter of zero resistance. The reading Inductance (L) = 3mH = 3 × 10–3 H,
of ammeter is
Resistance (R) = 4Ω,
V0 V0 AC voltage (V) = 5cos (1000t) V ….. (i)
(a) (b)
2 ωC 2 Imax = ?
V0ωC Standard equation AC voltage,
(c) (d) V0 ωC = Vmax cos (ωt) …..(ii)
2
From eq.(i) and (ii), we get–
JCECE-2017 Vmax = 5V, ω = 1000 rad/sec
Ans. (c) : Given an alternating voltage is Then, X L = ωL = 1000 × 3 × 10−3 = 3Ω
V= V0 sinωt And, Impedance of LR circuit
So, rms voltage
Z = R 2 + X 2L = ( 4 ) + ( 3) = 16 + 9
2 2
V
Vrms = 0 = 25 = 5Ω
2
V 5
Reactance of capacitance So, I max = max = = 1
1 Z 5
XC = I max = 1A
ωC
Therefore rms current i.e. Ammeter current Hence, the value of maximum current in LR circuit, Imax
= 1A.
V
I rms = rms 249. A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 300 V and
XC an angular frequency ω = 400 rad./s, is applied
V0 ωC to a series L-C-R circuit, in which R = 3 Ω. L =
I rms = 20 mH and C = 625 µF. The peak current in the
2 circuit is
247. An electric motor which loaded has an effective (a) 30 2A (b) 60 A
resistance of 30 Ω and an inductive reactance
(c) 100 A (d) 60 2A
of 40 Ω . If the motor is powered by a source
with maximum voltage of 420 V, the maximum Manipal UGET-2017
current is JCECE-2014
(a) 6 A (b) 8.4 A Ans. (b) : Given,
(c) 10 A (d) 12 A Peak voltage, V0 = 300V,
(e) 13 A Angular frequency, ω = 400 rad/sec,
Kerala CEE - 2017 Resistance, R=3Ω

Inductance, L = 20mH = 20 × 10–3 H,
Z = R 2 + ( X L − XC )
2
Capacitance, (C) = 625 µF = 625 × 10–6 F

We know that, Power factor can be given by –
Inductive reactance X L = ωL = 400 × 20 × 10 −3 = 8Ω R
cos φ = =
R
Z R + ( XL − XC )
2 2
Capacitive reactance,
1 1 106 At resonance condition–
XC = = = = 4Ω
ωC 400 × 625 ×10 −6
400 × 625 XL = XC …..(i)
Now, Impedance of LCR circuit, R
Then, cos φ =
( R ) + ( XL − XC )
2 2
Z= R + ( XL − XC )
2 2
( 3) + ( 8 − 4 ) ( 9 + 16 ) = 5Ω
2 2
= = R
= (From eqn (i))
So, Peak current, R +0
2
V 300 R
I0 = 0 = = =1
Z 5 R
I0 = 60A So, cos φ = 1
252. In an L-C-R series circuit, the values of R, XL
250. In an LCR circuit having L = 8 H, C = 0.5 µF
and XC are 120 Ω, 180 Ω and 130 Ω, what is the
and R = 100 Ω in series, the resonance impedance of the circuit?
frequency in rad/s is
(a) 120 Ω (b) 130 Ω
(a) 600 (b) 200
(c) 250/π (d) 500 (c) 180 Ω (d) 330 Ω
Manipal UGET-2012 Manipal UGET-2016
CG PET- 2017 Ans. (b) : Given,
Ans. (d) : Given, Resistance, (R) = 120 Ω,
Resistance (R) = 100Ω, Inductive reactance (XL) = 180 Ω,
Inductance (L) = 8H, Capacitive reactance (XC) = 130 Ω
capacitance = 0.5 µF =0.5 × 10–6 Circuit impedance (Z) = ?
We know that, We know that,
1 Impedance of LCR circuit,
Resonance frequency, ω =
Z = R 2 + ( X L − XC )
2
LC
1
ω= Z= (120 ) + (180 − 130 )
2 2
8 × 0.5 ×10−6
1000 Z = 14400 + 2500 , Z = 16900
ω= So, Z = 130 Ω
4
ω = 500 rad / sec 253. In an L-C -R circuit which one of the following
statements is correct?
251. The power factor of L-C-R circuit at resonance (a) L and R oppose each other.
is
(b) R value increase with frequency
1 (c) Then inductive reactance increases with
(a) 0 (b)
2 frequency
1 (d) The capacitive reactance increases with
(c) (d) 1 frequency
2 Manipal UGET-2016
(e) –1
Ans. (c) : In an L-C-R circuit -
KERALA CEE 2012
Inductive reactance XL = ωL
Ans. (d) : Let us consider on series R-L-C circuit
X L = 2πfL
shown in the figure given below –
XL ∝ f
From the above expression we can see that value of inductive
reactance directly proportional to frequency therefore
inductive reactance increases with increase frequency.
• L and C oppose each other
• R value constant with frequency
We know that, 1 1
• XC = ⇒ XC ∝
Impedance of LCR circuit, ωC f
254. In a circuit L, C and R are connected in series ( cos φ )new 1/ 5 10
with an alternating voltage source of frequency = = = 2
f. The current leads the voltage by 45º. The ( cos φ )old 1/ 10 5
value of C is The ratio of new to old power factor is 2 .
1 1 256. If L, C, R are respectively the inductance,
(a) (b)
2πf ( 2π fL + R ) πf ( 2π fL + R ) capacitance and resistance, the quantities of
dimensions same as of frequency are
1 1
(c) (d) 1 R 1 L
2πf ( 2π fL − R ) πf ( 2π fL − R ) (a) , and (b) LC, and RC
LC L RC R
Manipal UGET-2010,2008
AIPMT -2005 L C C 1 R
(c) ,LR and (d) , and
Ans. (c) : Given that, C R L LR C
Phase difference between current and voltage of an CG PET- 2011
series L-C-R circuit is = 45° 1
We know that, Ans. (a) : Dimension of
LC
X − XC
tan θ = L 1
R =
[ML2 T −2 A −2 ]1/ 2 [M −1L−2 T 4 A 2 ]1/ 2
XL − XC
tan 45° = 1
R = = [T −1 ]
[T]
X − XC
1= L R [ML2 T −3 A −2 ]
R Dimension of = 2 −2 −2
= [T −1 ]
R = XL − XC L [ML T A ]
1 1 1
= 2πfL − Dimension of =
2πfC RC [ML T A ][M −1L−2 T 4 A 2 ]
2 −3 −2
1 = [T −1 ]
= 2πfL − R
2πfC Dimension of frequency = [T–1]
1
C= 1 R 1
2πf ( 2πfL − R ) Hence,
LC L
, and
RC
have the same dimension as
255. In series LR circuit XL = 3R, now a capacitor frequency.

with XC= R is added in series. The ratio of new 257. L - C -R circuit VL=VC=VR=10V if C is short
to old power factor is circuited then voltage across L will be
(a) 1 (b) 2
(a) 10 / 2V (b) 20 2V
1
(c) (d) 2 (c) 10 2V (d) 10V
2 CG PET- 2007
CG PET -2016 Kerala CEE-2009
Ans. (d) : Given, XL = 3R, XC = R Ans. (a) : Given, VL = VC = VR = 10V
Condition 1 - power factor for R-C circuit is - Then source voltage is given by –
R
( cos φ )old = V = VR2 + ( VL − VC )
2
Z
(10 ) + (10 − 10 )
2 2
Impedance, Z = X 2L + R 2 V=
V = 10V
( 3R )
2
Z= + R2
Now if C is short circuited then voltage across capacitor
Z = 10R is zero VC = 0
R 1 Q VL ,VC and VR are equal
( cos φ )old = =
V 10 10
10R 10 And I= = =
Condition 2 - If XC = R is added then R +X
2 2
L R +R
2 2
2R
( XL − XC ) Voltage across inductor is –

2
Impedance, Znew = +R 2
10
VL = IX L = ⋅R {Q X L = R}
= R 2 + ( 3R − R ) = 5R
2
2R
R 1 10
New power factor, ( cos φ )new = = VL = V
5R 5 2

258. The impedance of an AC circuit containing a (a) 2A (b) 3.3 A
capacitive reactance of 5 Ω and inductive (c) 2 / 5A (d) 5A
reactance of 8 Ω will be BITSAT-2015
(a) 1.6 Ω (b) 40 Ω Ans. (a) : Given circuit diagram –
(c) 3 Ω (d) 13 Ω
CG PET- 2005
Capacitive reactance XC = 5Ω,
Inductive reactance XL = 8Ω, Here, V = 20 cos ωt
Impedance of LC circuits Initial voltage V0 = 20V
Angular velocity ω = 2000 rad/sec
Z = ( X L − X C ) = (8 − 5) = 9 = 3
2 2
Inductance L = 5 mH = 5 × 10–3 H
Z = 3Ω Capacitance C = 50 µF = 50 × 10–6 F
259. A resistance R and inductance L and a Total resistance R = 6Ω + 4Ω = 10Ω
capacitor C all are connected in series with an 2
 1 
AC supply. The resistance of R is 16 ohm and Now, Z = R 2 +  ωL − 
for a given frequency, the inductive reactance  ωC 
of L is 24 ohm and capacitive reactance of C is ωL = 2000 × 5 × 10 = 10Ω
–3
12 ohm. If the current in the circuit is 5 amp., 1 1 1

find the potential difference across R, L and C. = = = 10Ω
ωC 2000 × 50 × 10−6 0.1
(a) 30, 20, 50 volt (b) 40, 100, 60 volt
Hence, Z = (10 ) + (10Ω − 10Ω )
2 2
(c) 70, 110, 60 volt (d) 80, 120, 60 volt
BITSAT-2010
Z = 100 = 10Ω
V 20
Resistance R = 16Ω, Current I = 0 = = 2A
Inductive reactance XL = 24 Ω Z 10
Capacitive reactance XC = 12Ω 261. A resistor of resistance R, capacitor of
Current I = 5A, capacitance C and inductor of inductance L are
Let us consider an R-L-C series circuit shown in figure connected in parallel to AC power source of
given below – voltage ε0 sin ωt. The maximum current
through the resistance is half of the maximum
current through the power source. Then value
of R is
3 1
(a) (b) 3 − ωL
1 ωC
ωC −
ωL
1
Potential difference across 'R' (c) 5 − ωL (d) None of these
ωC
VR = IR = 5 × 16
BITSAT-2016
VR = 80V
Ans. (a) : Given that, VS = ε0 sin ωt V, R-L-C parallel
Potential difference across 'L' circuit R = ?
VL = IX L = 5 × 24 Let us consider a parallel R-L-C circuit shown in figure
VL = 120V IS = I R2 + ( IC − I L )
2
Potential difference across 'C'

ε0
VC = IX C = 5 ×12 IR =
R
VC = 60V
260. In the circuit shown below, the ac source has
voltage V = 20 cos ( ωt) volt with ω = 2000
rad/s. The amplitude of the current will be
nearest to
Given,
1
I R = IS
2
2 2 (a) 500 s (b) 20s
ε0 1  ε0   ε  (c) 35 ms (d) 1 ms
=   +  ε0 ωC − 0 
R 2 R  ωL  UPSEE - 2012
On squaring both side, Ans. (d) : Given that,
Inductance L = 8.4 mH = 8.4 × 10–3 H
1  ε 0   ε0  
2 2 2
 ε0 
R =  + ε ωC −  Resistance R = 6Ω,
4  R   ωL  
0
  Voltage V = 12V,
2 2 2 Current I(t) = 1A,
ε  ε   ε 
4  0  −  0  = ε0 ωC − 0  For DC L-R circuit current through the inductor can be
R R  ωL  given by –
2 2 I(t) = Io (1 – e–t/τ) ....(i)
ε   1  2
3  0  =  ωC − ε0
R  ωL  V 12
Io = = = 2A,
R 6
3 L 8.4 × 10− 3
R2 = 2 τ= = = 1.4 × 10−3
 1  R 6
 ωC −  Put the value of equation (i)
 ωL 
3 (
1 = 2 1 − e − t /1.4×10
−3
)
R=
 1  1
1 − = e − t /1.4×10
−3
 ωC − 
 ω L  2
262. In a series resonant L–C–R circuit, the voltage − ×10−3 1
e t /1.4
=
across R is 100 V and R = 1kΩ with C = 2 µF. 2
The resonant frequency ω is 200 rads . At-1 Taking log of both side,
resonance the voltage across L is −t 1
= log = −0.693
(a) 2.5 × 10-2 V (b) 4 × 10-8 V 1.4 × 10 −3
2
(c) 250 V (d) 4 × 10-3 V t = 0.97 × 10–3
UPSEE - 2014 t  1m sec
Ans. (c) : Given that, 264. An AC source is connected in parallel with an
Voltage VR = 100V, L-C-R circuit as shown. Let IS, IL, IC and IR
Resistor R = 1kΩ = 1000Ω denote the currents through and VS, VL, VC
Capacitor C = 2µF = 2 × 10–6F, and VR the voltages across the corresponding
Angular velocity ω = 200 rad/sec components. Then,
Let us consider series R-L-C circuit shown in figure
given below –
(a) IS = IL + IC + IR
(b) VS = V L + VC + VR
As we know, (c) (IL , IC , IR) <IS
1 1 (d) IL , IC may be greater than IS
XC = = UPSEE - 2012
ωC 200 × 2 ×10−6
10000 Ans. (d) : Given circuit diagram –
XC = = 2500Ω For the L-C-R circuit –
4
V 100 1
IS = R = = A
R 1000 10
Voltage across circuit,
1
VC = IS X C = × 2500 = 250V
10
IS = I R2 + ( I L − IC )
2
At resonance condition
VL = VC = 250V At resonance IL = IC
263. A coil of inductance 8.4 mH and resistance 6Ω So, IS = IR
is connected to 12 V battery. The current in the Here IL and IC can be much greater than IR. So IL, IC
coil is 1 A at approximately the time may be greater than IS.
265. Figure represents two bulbs B1 and B2, resistor 267. An inductance L and a resistance R are
R and an inductor L. When the switch S is connected in series with a battery of emf ε. The
turned off maximum rate at which the energy is stored in
the magnetic field is :
ε2 ε2
(a) (b)
4R 2R
2R 4R
(c) (d)
ε ε
UPSEE - 2006
(a) both B1 and B2 die out promptly
(b) both B1 and B2 die out with some delay Ans. (a) : As we know that energy stored in magnetic
(c) B1 dies out promptly but B2 with some delay field is given by –
(d) B2 dies out promptly but B1 with some delay 1
E = Li 2 …..(i)
UPSEE - 2012 2
Ans. (c) : Given circuit diagram – For an R-L series circuit current is –
i = Io (1 − e − t / τ )
Put the value of I in equation (i),
E =  LI 2o (1 − e − t / τ ) 
1 2
2 
dE
Power = Rate of energy =
When the switch is turned off, current decreases but not dt
suddenly zero, according to lenz's law emf is induced in d 1 2
inductor, which opposes the decrease in current. Since P =  LI02 (1 − e − t / τ ) 
dt  2 
current does not become zero rapidly so, bulb B2 dies
 −1 
= LI2o ⋅ 2 (1 − e − t / τ ) ⋅  −e − t / τ × 
out with some delay. On the other hand bulb B1 and 1
resistance R, constitute a simple R circuit, in which as 2  τ
the voltage becomes zero, current becomes zero and B1 2
P = o ( e − t / τ − e −2t / τ )
dies out promptly. LI
……(ii)
266. What is the value of inductance L for which the τ
current is a maximum in a series LCR circuit dP
with C = 10 µF and ω = 1000 rad. s-1? Maximum power, =0
dt
(a) 100 mH
LIo2 d − t / τ −2t / τ
(b) 1 mH
(c) Cannot be calculated unless R is known τ dt
(e − e ) = 0
(d) 10 mH LIo2  1  − t / τ 2 −2 t / τ 
 − e + e =0
UPSEE - 2007 τ  τ  τ 
AIPMT- 2007
UP CPMT-2008 / MHT-CET 2008 1 − t / τ 2 −2t / τ
e = e
VITEEE-2015 / JCECE-2008 τ τ
Ans. (a) : Given that, − 2t / τ
e 1
Capacitor C = 10µF, = 10 × 10–6 F =
e− t / τ 2
Angular velocity ω = 1000 rad/sec 1
L=? e− t / τ =
For an L-C-R series circuit current will be maximum at 2
resonance 1
Put the value of e − t / τ = in equation (ii),
As we know that resonance frequency 2
ω=
1 LI 2
 1  1 
P = o  1 −  
LC τ  2  2 
1
∴ ω =
2
LI2 1
LC P= o×
τ 4
1
L= 2 ε 1
2
1  ε L
ωC = L  × Q Io = , τ = 
1  R  L/R 4  R R
Q L=
1000 ×1000 × 10 ×10 –6 ε 2
P=
L = 0.1 H = 100 mH. 4R
268. A current of i = 2 sin (πt/3) A is flowing in an (a) 10 V, 10 V and 5 V
inductor of 2 H. The amount of work done in (b) 10 V, 10 V and 10 V
increasing the current from 1.0 A to 2.0 A is : (c) 20 V, 20 V and 5 V
(a) 1 J (b) 2 J (d) 20 V, 20 V and 10 V
(c) 3 J (d) 4 J (e) 5 V, 5 V and 5 V
UPSEE - 2004 Kerala CEE - 2010
Ans. (c) : Given that, Ans. (d) : Given, Voltage (v) = 10volt
Primary current i1 = 1A Let, Initial current = i
Secondary current i2 = 2A Initial resistance = R
Self inductance L = 2H Now, Inductive resistance = XL
Work done = Change in energy = ( Li 22 − Li12 )
1 Capacitive resistance = XC
2 We know that,
When resistance is halved current will be doubled
= L ( i 22 − i12 )
1
2 ∴ vR = 2i × (R/2) = iR = 10V
1 vC = 2i × XC = 20V
= × 2 ( 2 ) − (1) 
2 2
  vL = 2i × XL = 20V
2
=4–1 272. A transformer of efficiency 90% draws an
input power of 4 kW. An electrical appliance
Work done = 3J
connected across the secondary draws a
269. In an L-C-R circuit current of 6 A. The impedance of the device is
(a) The impedance is equal to reactance (a) 60 Ω (b) 50 Ω
(b) The ratio between effective voltage to (c) 80 Ω (d) 100 Ω
effective current is called reactance (e) 120 Ω
(c) At resonance the resistance is equal to the Kerala CEE - 2009
reactance
Ans. (d) : Given,
(d) The current flowing is called wattless current
(e) At resonance the net reactance is zero Efficiency of transformer (η) = 90%
Input power = 4kW
Kerala CEE- 2013
We know that,
Ans. (e) In an LCR series circuit, the capacitive and
inductance reactance have opposing effects. So, the net Output power ( Po )
Efficiency (η) =
reactance Input power ( Pi )
X = XL – XC
Po
And as we know, at resonance 0.9 =
XL = XC 4
Thus, net reactance (X) = 0. ∴ Po = 3.6 kW
Now, Po = i2Z
270. An L-C-R series circuit is at resonance. Then
(a) The phase difference between current and P
Impedance (Z) = 2o
voltage is 90º i
(b) The phase difference between current and 3.6 × 103
voltage is 45º Z= = 100 Ω
62
(c) Its impedance is purely resistive
273. The impedance of a R-C circuit is Z1 for
(d) Its impedance is zero
frequency f and Z2 for frequency 2f. Then,
(e) The current is minimum
Z1/Z2 is
Kerala CEE - 2010 (a) between 1 and 2 (b) 2
Ans. (c) : As we know that, at resonance 1 1
XL = XC (c) between and 1 (d)
2 2
R 2 + ( XL − XC )
2
So, impedance Z = (e) 4
Kerala CEE - 2009
Z = R2 + 0 Ans. (a) : The impedance of R–C circuit for frequency
Z=R
1
Hence, In an LCR series circuit at resonance impedance f1 is Z1 = R 2 + 2 2 2
is purely resistive. 4 π f C
271. An L-C-R series AC circuit is at resonance with The impedance of R–C circuit for frequency 2f is,
10 V each across L, C and R. If the resistance is 1
halved, the respective voltages across L, C and Z2 = R 2 + 2 2 2
4π (2f )C
R are
1 Ans. (b) : Given,
Z2 = R 2 +
16π f C 2
2 2 C = 0.014µF/km
1 f = 50 × 103 Hz
2 R2 + 2 2 2 Now,
Z1 4π f C
Then, =
2
Z 2 R2 + 1 Total capacitance C' = C × 200
16π f C
2 2 2
= 0.014 × 200 = 2.8 µF
From above equation we getting value is greater than1, We know that,
Z Impedance to be minimum
Hence, 1 is lies between 1 and 2.
Z2 XL = XC
1
274. For the series LCR circuit shown in the figure, ∴ ωL =
what is the resonance frequency and the ωC'
amplitude of the current at the resonating 1
∴ L= 2
frequency? ω C'
1 1
= 2 2 =
4π f C' 4π × ( 50 × 103 ) 2 × 2.8 × 10−6
2
= 3.62 × 10–6 H = 0.36 × 10–2 mH

276. In the circuit shown below what will be the
readings of the voltmeter and ammeter?
(a) 2500 rad-s–1 and 5 2A (Total impedance of circuit Z = 100 Ω)
(b) 2500 rad-s–1 and 5 A
5
(c) 2500 rad-s–1 and A
2
(d) 250 rad-s–1 and 5 2A
(e) 25 rad-s–1 and 5 2A (a) 200 V, 1 A (b) 800 V, 2 A
Kerala CEE 2005 (c) 100 V, 2 A (d) 220 V, 2.2 A
Ans. (b) : As shown in the diagram, AIIMS -2000
JCECE-2010
Ans. (d) : Given,
Total impedance (Z) = 100Ω
Total voltage across circuit (V) = 220 V
Now, as shown in the circuit diagram
220 V
Current (I) = = 2.2A
We know that, at resonant, 100Ω
Z=R ∴ Potential drop over inductance and capacitance is
1 1 300V
ω= =
LC 8 × 10 × 20 ×10−6
−3 Inductance and capacitance are in opposite phase they
will sum up to zero
ω = 2500 rad/sec
( VL − VC ) + VR2 = 2202
2
V 220 ∴
Resonance current, (i) = = = 5A
Z 44 ∴ VR = 220V
275. A 200 km long telegraph wire has a 277. The frequency of the output signal becomes
capacitance of 0.014 µF/km. If it carries an _____ times by doubling the value of the
alternating current of 50 × 103 Hz, what should capacitance in the LC oscillator circuit.
be the value of an inductance required to be 1
connected in series, so that impedance is (a) (b) 2
minimum? 2
(a) 0.48 × 10–2 mH (b) 0.36 × 10–2 mH 1
–2 –2
(c) (d) 2
(c) 0.52 × 10 mH (d) 0.49 × 10 mH 2
JCECE-2016 GUJCET 2014
Ans. (a) : We know that, ∴ VL = I X L
1 1 40 × 2 = XL
f= XL = 80Ω
2π LC
1
ωL = 80 (Q X L = ωL )
So, f∝ 4 × 10 × L = 80
5
C
80
f'∝
1 L=
2C 4 × 105
Hence, the frequency of the output signal become L = 20 × 10–5 H
L = 0.2 mH
1/ 2 times by doubling the value of the capacitance in
Now,
the LC oscillator circuit.
1
278. In an ideal parallel LC circuit, the capacitor is ω=
charged by connecting it to a D.C. source which LC
is then disconnected. 1
The current in the circuit C=
L × ω2
(a) becomes zero instantaneously
1
(b) grows monotonically C=
20 ×10 × ( 4 × 105 )
−5 2
(c) decays monotonically
(d) oscillates instantaneously
1
AIIMS-2003 C= −5
20 ×10 × 16 ×1010
Ans. (d) When capacitor is connected to a DC source
and then disconnected, it gets charged and then it starts 1 1
C= × 10−6 F = µF
discharging though the inductor. When capacitor C is 32 32
fully charged to q0, the current in inductor L is zero at 1
1 q 02 So, the value of L and C are 0.2mH and µF
this instant an amount of energy is stored in 32
2C 50
electric field between the plates of the capacitor. 280. In L-C-R circuit, f = Hz ,V=50V, R= 300Ω.
When circuit is closed, the capacitor begins to discharge π
through the inductor causing current to flow. The If L = 1 H and C = 20µC, then the voltage
energy of electric field between the capacitor plates has across capacitor is–
transferred to magnetic field. By Lenz's law the dying (a) 50V (b) 20V
magnetic field induces an emf in the inductance in the (c) zero (d) 30V
same direction as current. Hence L – C circuits set up JCECE-2006
oscillations. BCECE-2015
279. An L-C-R a series circuit containing a Ans. (a) : Given that,
resistance R = 120Ω has angular resonant 50
frequency 4 × 105 rad/s. At resonance the Frequency (f) = Hz
voltage across resistance and inductance are π
60V and 40V, respectively. The values of L and Voltage (V) = 50V
C are– Resistance (R) = 300Ω
1 1 Inductance (L) = 1H
(a) 0.2mH, µF (b) 0.2mH, µF Capacitance (C) = 20µC = 20 × 10–6 C
16 32
We know that,
1 1
(c) 0.4mH, µF (d) 0.4mH, µF Z = R 2 + ( XL − XC )
2
32 16
BCECE-2016 2
 1 
Ans. (b) : Given that, Z = R 2 +  2πfL − 
 2πfC 
Angular resonant frequency (ω) = 4 × 105 rad/sec
VR = 60V 2
 
VL = 40V  50 1 
Z = ( 300 ) +  2π × × 1 −
2
We know that, 
VR = IR  π 50
2π × × 20 ×10  −6
V 60  π 
I= R =
Z = 90000 + (100 − 500 )
2
R 120
1
I = Amp Z = 250000
2
Z = 500Ω Ans. (c) : The ratio of the peak current through the
Hence, current in LCR circuit, capacitor and supply is known as Q-factor.
V 50 1 V0 ωC ωL
I= = = = 0.1Amp Q - factor = =
Z 500 10 V0 CR R
Voltage across capacitor is – L
VC = I XC 283. The current in LCR circuit is maximum where-
I (a) XL= 0 (b) XL= XC
VC = (c) XC = 0 (d) X 2L + X C2 = 1
2πfC
0.1 BCECE-2013
VC = Ans. (b) : We know that, current in LCR circuit,
50
2π × × 20 × 10−6
π I=
E0
0.1×10 R + ( XL − XC )
3 2 2
VC =
2 When, XL = XC then current is maximum in LCR
100 circuit.
VC = = 50V 284. An LCR series circuit, connected to a source E,
2
is at resonance. Then,
281. For an L-R circuit, the inductive reactance is (a) the voltage across R is zero
equal to the resistance R of the circuit. An emf (b) the voltage across R equals applied voltage
E = E0 cos ( ωt) is applied to the circuit. Then, (c) the voltage across C is zero
the power consumed in the circuit is- (d) the voltage across L equals applied voltage
E E 20 BCECE-2009
(a) 0 (b)
R 4R Ans. (b) : In LCR circuit,
Equation of voltage (E) = ( VR ) + ( VL − VC )
2
4R R 2
(c) (d)
E0 E0
Resonance in LCR circuit,
BCECE-2014 VL = VC
Ans. (b) : For L-R circuit,
E = ( VR ) + ( VL − VC ) = ( VR )
2 2 2
So,
E = VR
Hence, whole applied voltage is equal to voltage across
the resistance.
285. The instantaneous values of current and
voltage in an AC circuit are i = 100 sin 314t
XL = R
 π
Impedance in L-R circuit, amp and e = 200sin  314t +  V respectively.
 3
Z = R 2 + X 2L If the resistance is 1Ω, then the reactance of the
circuit will be–
Z = R2 + R2
(a) 3Ω (b) 100 3Ω
Z = 2R 2 (c) −200 3Ω (d) −200 / 3Ω
Z= 2R BCECE-2012
Power consumed = E rms I rms cosφ Ans. (a) : Given that,
E R Current (i) = 100 sin 314t amp.
= E rms  rms 
 Z Z Voltage (e) = 200sin (314t + π/3)v
E 
2 e 0 = i0 Ζ
=  rms  R 200 = 100 Z
 Z  Z = 2Ω
2
E / 2 E2 The reactance of the circuit is,
= 0  ×R = 0 Z2 = R2 + X 2L
 2R  4R
 
(2)2 = (1)2 + X 2L
282. The ratio of the peak current through the
capacitor and supply is known as- 4 = 1 + X 2L
(a) resonance current (b) dynamic resistance X 2L = 4 − 1
(c) Q-factor (d) None of the above XL = 3 Ω
BCECE-2014
286. In a diode AM detector, the output circuit
consists of R = 1kΩ and C = 10pF. A carrier
signal of 100 k Hz is to be detected. Is it good?
(a) Yes
(b) No
(c) Information is not sufficient (a) 2.02 (b) 2.5434
(d) None of the above (c) 20.54 (d) 200.54
BCECE-2012 BCECE-2008
Ans. (b) : For better demodulation Ans. (b) : Given,
1 Frequency (f) = 500 Hz, Capacitance (C) = 12.5 µF =
<< RC 12. 5 × 10-6 F, Resistance (R) = 10Ω
fc Inductance (L) = 8.1 mH = 8.1 ×10–3H
R = 1KΩ , C = 10 pF, fc = 100 kHz = 100 × 103 Hz ωL
1 1 Quality factor (Q) =
= = 10−5 second R
f c 100 × 103 ωL 2πf L
∴ Q= =
RC = 1 × 103 × 10 × 10–12 = 10–8 second R R
1
is more than RC or
1
is not less than RC So it is 2 × 3.14 × 500 × 8.1×10−3
= = 2.5434
fc fc 10
not good. 289. In a choke coil, the reactance XL and resistance
5 R are such that–
287. A series resonant circuit contains L = mH, (a) XL = R (b) XL>>R
π
(c) XL<<R (d) XL = ∞
200
C= µF and R = 100Ω. If a source of emf e BCECE-2008
π Ans. (b) : To decrease current in a AC circuit choke
= 200 sin 1000πt is applied, then the rms
coil is used. The choke coil has high inductance and
current is–
negligible resistance so that the energy loss in circuit is
(a) 2A (b) 200 2A negligible.
(c) 100 2A (d) 1.41A So, XL > > R
BCECE-2011 290. In a series LCR circuit the frequency of a 10V
Ans. (d) : Given, AC voltage source is adjusted in such a fashion
that the reactance of the inductor measure 15Ω
200 200
Capacitance ( C ) = µF = ×10−6 and that of capacitor 11Ω. If R = 3Ω, the
π π potential difference across the series
5 5 combination of L and C will be :
Inductance ( L ) = mH = ×10−3 H
π π (a) 8 V (b) 10 V
Resistance (R) = 100Ω (c) 22 V (d) 52 V
Source of emf is given by BCECE-2006
e =200 sin 1000 πt Ans. (a) : Given,
On comparing with emf equation, e = e0 sin ωt is Voltage (V) = 10 Volt
ω = 1000π Reactance of inductor (XL) = 15 Ω
e0 = 200 v Reactance of capacitor (XC) = 11 Ω
At resonance, Z = R Resistance (R) = 3Ω
We know that,
e 200
So, current (I0)= 0 = = 2A V 10 10
R 100 I= = =
Rms value of current Z  (R + (X L − X C ) 
2 2
(3) + (15 − 11)2
2
I 2 10 10
I rms = 0 = = = = 2A
2 2 9 + 16 5
2 2 2 2 VL – VC = I(XL – XC) = 2 [15 – 11]
= × = VL – VC = 8 Volt
2 2 2
291. An LCR circuit of R = 100Ω is connected to an
Irms = 2 or 1.41 Amp AC source 100V, 50Hz. The magnitude of
288. A 100V, AC source of frequency 500 Hz is phase difference between current and voltage is
connected to an LCR circuit with L = 8.1 mH, 300.The power dissipated in the LCR circuit is :
C = 12.5µF, R = 10Ω all connected in series as (a) 50W (b) 86.6W
shown in figure. What is the quality factor of (c) 100W (d) 200W
circuit? BCECE-2005
Ans. (b) : Given, R = 100 Ω 294. If the inductance and capacitance are both
Vrms = 100 Volt doubled in L-C-R circuit, the resonant
frequency of the circuit will
φ = 30° (a) decrease to one-half the original value
As we know, (b) decrease to one-fourth the original value
V 100 (c) increase to twice the original value
I rms = rms = = 1A
R 100 (d) decrease to twice the original value
Average power dissipated in AC circuit, MHT-CET 2012
Pavg = Vrms × Irms × cosφ Ans. (a) : We know that,
Resonant frequency in LCR circuit,
= 100 × 1 × cos 30°
1
3 100 × 1.732 ω=
= 100 × = LC
2 2 When, L1= L , L2 = 2L C1= C , C2 = 2C
Pavg = 86.60 W Then,
292. In L-R circuit, resistance is 8Ω and inductive 1
ω2 =
reactance is 6Ω, then impedance is : L2C2
(a) 2Ω (b) 14Ω 1 ω
(c) 4Ω (d) 10Ω ω2 = =
2L × 2C 2
BCECE-2004
ω2 = ω/2
Ans. (d) : Given, 295. The current in an L-R circuit builds up to
Resistance (R) = 8Ω (3/4)th of its steady state value in 4 seconds. The
Inductive reactance (XL) = 6Ω time constant of this circuit is
1 2
(a) sec (b) sec
ln2 ln2
3 4
(c) sec (d) sec
ln2 ln2
VITEEE-2016
Impedance (Z) = R 2 + (X L )2 = (8)2 + (6)2 Ans. (b) : Given that,
Z = 100 = 10Ω 3I0
=I
293. The LC parallel resonant circuit 4
(a) has a very high impedance We know that, growth of current in LR circuit,
(b) has a very high current I = I0 1 − e( − Rt / L ) 
(c) acts as resistance of very low value 3I0
= I0 1 − e(
− Rt / L )
(d) has zero impedance 
4 
MHT-CET 2016
3
= 1 − e(
− Rt / L )
Ans. (a) :
4
1
e(
− Rt / L )
=
4
( − Rt / L )
e = 2 −2
Taking natural log on both side, at t = 4 second
In LC parallel resonant circuit the impedance is given 4R
– = −2 ln2
by, L
( XL ) × ( XC ) R=
2L l n 2 L l n 2
=
Z=
XC − X L 4 2
The time constant for LR circuit,
In LC parallel resonant circuit at resonant frequency,
L L
XL = XC τ= =
Then, R L n2 l
2
Z=∞ [for pure resistor, Z = R]
2
In LC parallel resonant circuit the impedances is near to τ= sec
infinity or very high. ln 2

296. The current graph for resonance in LC circuit Ans. (b) : Given that,
is VR = 20 Volt, VL = 16 Volt
Then, total potential difference across the circuit is,
V = VR2 + VL2
V = (20) 2 + (16) 2
V = 656
V = 25.6 Volt
299. The following series L-C-R circuit, when
driven by an emf source of angular frequency
70 kilo-radians per second, the circuit
effectively behaves like
VITEEE-2015
Ans. (c) : In LC circuit, if XL = XC (a) purely resistive circuit
1 (b) series R-L circuit
Then, ω = (c) series R-C circuit
LC
(d) series L-C circuit with R=0
Then, Z = R 2 + ( X L − X C )
2
( Q X L = X C) VITEEE-2009
AP-EAMCET (Medical)-2009
E0
Z= =0 (I0 = ∞) Ans. (c) : Given that,
I0 ω = 70 k radians/sec = 70 × 103 rad/sec
1 L = 100 × 10–6 H, C = 1 × 10–6F, R = 10Ω
This is the natural frequency of LC circuit if the
LC We know that,
frequency of applied AC becomes equal to the natural If XL > XC then circuit is called R – L circuit.
frequency of AC circuit then the amplitude of current If XC > XL then circuit is R – C circuit.
becomes infinite due to zero impedance. XL = ωL
XL = 70 × 103 × 100 × 10–6
297. An L-C-R circuit contains R=50Ω,L=1 mH and
XL = 7 Ω
C=0.1µF. The impedance of the circuit will be
Capacitive reactance,
minimum for a frequency of
1 1
105 106 XC = =
(a) Hz (b) Hz ωC 70 × 103 ×1× 10−6
2π 2π
1000
(c) 2π×105Hz (d) 2π×106Hz XC =
70
VITEEE-2014
XC = 14.3Ω
Since XC > XL then circuit is called series R–C circuit.
R = 50 Ω , L = 1 mH , C = 0.1 µF = 0.1 × 10–6 F
300. Two identical incandescent light bulbs are
Impedance of L-C-R circuit will be minimum if connected as shown in the Figure. When the
1
frequency ( f ) = circuit is connected with an AC voltage source
2π LC of frequency f, which of the following
observations will be correct?
1
f =
2π 1×10 × 0.1×10−6
−3
105
f= Hz
2π
298. In an AC circuit, the potential across an
inductance and resistance joined in series are
respectively 16V and 20V. The total potential
(a) both bulbs will glow alternatively
difference across the circuit is
(b) both bulbs will glow with same brightness
(a) 20.0V (b) 25.6V
1
(c) 31.9V (d) 33.6V provided frequency f =
2π (1/ LC )
VITEEE-2012
(c) bulb b1 will light up initially and goes off, 303. Current in the LCR circuit becomes extremely
bulb b2 will be ON constantly large when
(d) bulb b1 will blink and bulb b2 will be ON (a) frequency of AC supply is increased
constantly (b) frequency of AC supply is decreased
VITEEE-2008 (c) inductive reactance becomes equal to
Ans. (b) : The circuit shown above is a parallel resonant capacitive reactance
circuit. (d) inductance becomes equal to capacitance
1 VITEEE-2006
Then frequency is f = at resonance. Ans. (c) : We know that,
2π LC
R 2 + ( XC − XL )
2
We know that, at resonance Impedance (Z) =
XL = XC
According to the question, current in L-C-R circuit
Therefore, equal current will flow through both the bulb becomes maximum.
b1 and b2.
So, for maximum current, impedance should be minimum.
So, both bulb will glow with same brightness.
Z = R 2 + ( XC − XL )
2
301. From figure shown below a series LCR circuit
connected to a variable frequency 200V source. For minimum impedance
L=5H, C=80µF and R= 40Ω. Then the source (XC – XL)2 = 0
frequency which drive the circuit at resonance
XC = XL
is
Hence, inductive reactance becomes equal to capacitive
reactance.
304. In a series L-C-R circuit, an alternating emf
(V) and current (i) are given by the equation V
 π
= V0 sin ωt, I = I0 sin  ωt + 
 3
The average power dissipated in the circuit
25 over a cycle of AC is :
(a) 25Hz (b) Hz
π VI VI
50 (a) 0 0 (b) 0 0
(c) 50Hz (d) Hz 2 4
π
3
VITEEE-2007 (c) V 0I 0 (d) Zero
Ans. (b) : Given that, 2
Karnataka CET-2016
L = 5H, C= 80 µF = 80 × 10–6 F,
R = 40Ω , V = 200 Volt Ans. (b) : Given, V = V 0 sin ωt I = I0 sin( ωt + π/3)
We know that, frequency at resonance, We know that ,
I = I0 ( ωt + φ)
1
f= On comparing the given equation,
2π LC φ = π/3
1 100 VI VI π
f= = Average power (P) = 0 0 cos φ = 0 0 cos
2π 5 × 80 ×10 −6 4 π 2 2 3
25 V0 I0
f = Hz P=
π 4
302. The transmission of high frequencies in a 305. In a series L-C-R circuit, the potential drop
coaxial cable is determined by across L, C and R respectively are 40 V, 120 V
1 and 60 V. Then, the source voltage is :
(a) where L and C are inductance and (a) 220 V (b) 160 V
( )
1/ 2
LC
(c) 180 V (d) 100 V
capacitance Karnataka CET-2016
(b) (LC)2 Ans. (d) : Given that,
(c) the impedance L alone VL = 40 V, VC = 120 V, VR = 60 Volt
(d) the dielectric and skin effect We know that,
VITEEE-2007
Ans. (d) : A co-axial cable consists of a conducting Source voltage (V0) = VR + (VC − VL )
2 2
wire surrounded by a dielectric space, over which there

is a sleeve of copper mesh covered with a shield of PVC V0 = (60) 2 + (120 − 40) 2
insulation. The power transmission is regulated by
V0 = (60) 2 + (80) 2 = 10000
dielectric. At high frequencies energy loss due to mesh
is significant (called skin effect). V0 = 100 V
306. A series LCR circuit contains inductance 5 mH, 308. In a series resonant R-L-C circuit, the voltage
capacitance 2µF and resistance 10 Ω. If a across R is 100 V and the value of R = 1000 Ω.
frequency AC source is varied, what is the The capacitance of the capacitor is 2 × 10–6 F;
frequency at which maximum power is dissipated? angular frequency of AC is 200 rad s–1. Then
the potential difference across the inductance
105 10−5 coil is:
(a) Hz (b) Hz
π π (a) 100 V (b) 40 V
2 5 (c) 250 V (d) 400 V
(c) × 105 Hz (d) × 103 Hz Karnataka CET-2010
π π
Karnataka CET-2014 Ans. (c) : Given that, C = 2 × 10 –6
F, ω = 200 rad/sec ,
VITEEE-2007 V =100 Volt, R = 1000 Ω
We know that,
L = 5 mH = 5 × 10–3 H, C = 2 µF = 2× 10–6 F Impedance (Z) = R 2 + (X L − X C ) 2
We know that, maximum power is dissipated at 1
resonant frequency – At resonance, XL = XC =
ωC
1
fR = 1
2π LC XL =
2 × 200 ×10−6
1 XL = 2500
fR =
−3 −6
2π 5 × 10 × 2 × 10 V 100
Current (I) = R = 3 = 0.1
1 R 10
fR = I = 0.1 A
2π 10−8
Hence,
104 VL = X L × I
fR =
2π VL = 2500 × 0.1
5 VL = 250 V
f R = 103 × Hz 309. The value of alternating emf E in the given
π
circuit will be :
307. In the series L-C-R circuit shown, the
impedance is :
(a) 220 V (b) 140 V

(c) 100 V (d) 20 V
Karnataka CET-2008
(a) 200 Ω (b) 100 Ω Ans. (c) : Given that, VR = 80 V, VC = 100 V, VL = 40
(c) 300 Ω (d) 500 Ω V
Karnataka CET-2011 In series (E) = VR2 + (VL − VC )2
Ans. (d) : Given that, L = 1 H , C = 20 × 10–6 F, R =
50 E = (80)2 + (40 − 100) 2
300 Ω , f = Hz
π E = (80)2 + (−60)2
We know that,
E = 10000
50
XL = 2πfL = 2 × π × × 1 = 100 Ω E = 100 V
π 310. In a LCR circuit the potential difference
1 1 between the terminals of the inductance is 60
And X C = = = 500 Ω V, between the terminals of the capacitor is 30
2πfC 2 × π × × 20 × 10−6
50
V and that between the terminals of resistance
π
is 40 V. The supply voltage will be equal to :
So, Z = R 2 + (X C − X L ) 2 (a) 130 V (b) 10 V
(c) 50 V (d) 70 V
Z = (300)2 + (500 − 100) 2 Karnataka CET-2004
Karnataka CET-2006
Z = (300) + (400) = 500 Ω
2 2
JCECE-2009
Ans. (c) : Given, VL = 60 V, VC = 30 V, VR = 40 V (a) 150 V, 8 A (b) 0V, 8A
(c) 0V, 3A (d) 150V, 3A
Karnataka CET-2001
JCECE-2010
Ans. (b) : Given that, XC = XL = 25Ω, V = 240 Volt, R
= 30Ω
We know that,
Supply voltage (V) = VR2 + (VL − VC ) 2
V = (40)2 + (60 − 30) 2

V = (40)2 + (30) 2
So, potential between XL and XC is zero
V = 2500
V = 50 Volt Then, (Z) = R 2 + (X L − X C )2
311. In the circuit shown in the figure, the A.C Z = (30) 2 + (25 − 25) 2
source gives a voltage V = 20 cos(2000t).
Neglecting source resistance, the voltmeter and Z = 30Ω
ammeter reading will be : V 240
Then, current (I) = =
Z 30
I = 8 Amp.
313. An LCR series circuit is under resonance. If Im
is current amplitude, Vm is voltage amplitude,
R is the resistance, Z is the impedance, XL is
(a) 1.68 V, 0.47 A (b) 0V, 0.47 A the inductive reactance and XC is the capacitive
(c) 5.6 V, 1.4 A (d) 0V, 1.4 A reactance then,
Karnataka CET-2002 V V
(a) I m = m (b) I m = m
Ans. (c) : Given that, L = 5 mH = 5 × 10 H, C = 50 µF
–3
Z XL
= 50 × 10–6 F, V = 20 cos(2000 t), 2πf = 2000 Vm V
V 20 (c) I m = (d) I m = m
∴ Vrms = = XC R
2 2 J&K CET- 2011
At resonance, XL = ωL = 2πfL Ans. (d) : Given that,
= 2000 × 5 × 10–3
= 10Ω
1 1
Capacitance reactance ( X C ) = =
ωC 2πfC
1
XC =
2000 × 50 × 10−6
XC = 10Ω i.e. Z = 10Ω Impedance of the circuit (Z) = R 2 + (X − X )2
L C
Vrms 20 / 2 At resonance, XL = XC
∴ Current (I rms ) = =
Z 10
Irms = 1.41 Amp. Then, Z = R 2 + (X C − X C ) 2
We know that, Vrms = I R Z=R
Vrms = 1.41 × 4 V
Vrms = 5.64 Volt. ∴ Im = m
Z
312. In the circuit shown in the figure, neglecting V
source resistance, the voltmeter and ammeter Im = m
R
readings will respectively be :
314. The average power dissipated in a pure
capacitance A.C circuit is
(a) CV (b) zero
1 2 1
(c) CV (d) CV 2
2 4
J&K CET- 2009
COMEDK-2019
Assam CEE-2014
Ans. (b) : Average power in AC circuit is given by – 318. A series LCR circuit is tuned to resonance. The
P = Vrms. Irms cosφ impedance of the circuit at resonance is
2 1/ 2
For pure capacitive circuit (φ) = 90°  2  1  
P = Vrms. Irms . cos90° (a)  R +  ω L −  

  ωC  
Since, cos 90° = 0
2 1/ 2
If we put cos 90° = 0, we get –  2  1  
( )
2
Then, power will be zero. (b)  R + ω L +   
  ωC  
315. The natural frequency ( ω0) of oscillations in
2 1/ 2
LC-circuit is given by  2  1  
1 1 1 (c)  R +  − ω L  
(a) (b) LC   ωC  
2π LC 2π
(d) R
1 J&K CET- 2000
(c) (d) LC
LC Ans. (d) : We know that,
J&K CET- 2008 Impedance Z = R 2 + (X − X )2
( ) L C
Ans. (c) : Let, natural frequency = ω0
At resonance, XL = XC
Then, Z = R 2 + (X L − X L ) 2 Z = R 2
Z=R
319. The resonance frequency of a series LCR
circuit containing L = 12.5 mH, C = 500 µF and
At resonance, XL = XC R = 160 Ω is
1 100 400
ω0 L = (a) (b)
ω0 C 2π 2π
ω20 LC = 1 2π 2π
(c) (d)
1 300 600
ω02 = J&K CET- 1997
LC Ans. (b) : Given that,
ω0 =
1 L = 12.5 mH = 12.5 × 10–3 H,
LC C = 500 µF = 500 × 10–6 F
316. The power loss in an A.C circuit will be R = 160Ω
minimum, when We know that, resonance frequency –
(a) resistance is high, inductance is high 1
2πf =
(b) resistance is high, inductance is low LC
(c) resistance is low, inductance is high 1
f=
(d) none of these 2π 12.5 ×10−3 × 500 × 10−6
J&K CET- 2004
400
Ans. (c) : We know that, f=
Power loss in AC circuit – 2π
320. What is the resonance frequency of a driven
P = Vrms . Irms cosφ LCR oscillator?
P will be minimum when cosφ will be minimum 1 1
The power loss in an A.C circuit will be minimum, (a) (b)
LC 2πLC
Then, resistance is low, inductance is high.
(c) (LC) –1/ 2 (d) (2πLC) –1/ 2
317. The inductive reactance of an inductor in an
A.C. circuit is J&K-CET-2012
1 ω Ans. (c) :
(a) (b)
ωL L
L
(c) (d) ωL
ω
J&K CET- 2002 The resonance frequency of a driven LCR oscillator,
Ans. (d) :Inductive reactance is the opposition offered 1
by the inductor in an AC circuit to the flow of AC ω=
current inductive reactance is represented by XL LC
−1/ 2
XL = ωL = 2πfL ω = (LC)

321. In an LCR circuit, at resonance, the power 323. IN an L-C-R circuit, if impedance is 3 times
dissipated across L or C is of resistance and capacitive reactance is zero.
(a) The maximum Find the phase difference.
(b) The minimum (a) Zero (b) 30°
(c) Equals that across R (c) 60° (d) data is incomplete
(d) Greater than that across R UP CPMT-2003
J&K-CET-2016 Ans. (c) :
Ans. (b) : In LCR circuit at resonance the power
dissipated across L or C is minimum because Phase
difference between current and voltage is φ = 90°
322. A 100V, AC source of frequency 500Hz is
connected to an LCR circuit with L = 8.1 mH,
C=12.5 µF, R = 10Ω all connected in series as We know that,
shown in figure. What is the quality factor of X − XC
circuit? tan φ = L
R
XC = 0, X L = 3R
3R
tan φ =
R
(a) 2.02 (b) 2.5434 tan φ = 3
(c) 20.54 (d) 200.54
UP CPMT-2007 φ = tan–1( 3 )
φ = 60°
Ans. (b) :
324. A resistor R, and inductor L and a capacitor C
are connected in series to a source of frequency
n. If the resonant frequency is nr, then the
current lags behind voltage when :
(a) n = 0 (b) n < nr
Given, L = 8.1 mH = 8.1 × 10–3 H, (c) n = nr (d) n > nr
C = 12.5 µF = 12.5 × 10–6 F SRMJEEE - 2007
VITEEE-2012
R = 10Ω
BCECE-2012
Voltage across L or C
Quality factor (Q) = Ans. (d) When the reactance of inductance is more than
Applied voltage reactance of condenser then current lag behind the
(ωL)I ωL voltage –
Q= = XL > XC
IR R
1
 1  ωL <
 I ωC
 ωC  = 1
Or [ at resonence, X L = X C ] ω>
1
IR RCω Or
LC
1
ω= 1
LC Then, n >
2π LC
L 1
Q Q= × Or n > nr (nr is resonant frequency)
R LC 325. For a series LCR circuit, the rms values of
1 L voltage across various components are
Or Q= VL = 90V, VC = 60V and VR = 40V Volt, The
R C rms value of the voltage applied to the circuit is
ωL 2πfL :
∴ Q= = (a) 190 V (b) 110V
R R
(c) 70 V (d) 50V
2 × π× 500 × 8.1× 10−3
= MP PMT-2013
10 Ans. (d) : Given that,
8.1π Voltage across inductor (VL) = 90 V
=
10 Voltage across capacitor (VC) = 60 V
Q = 2.5434 Voltage across resistance (VR) = 40 V

Now, Vrms = VR2 + (VL − VC ) 2 328. An L-C-R series circuit with a resistance of
100Ω is connected to 200 V (AC source) and
Vrms = (40) 2 + (90 − 60)2 angular frequency 300 rad/s. When only the
capacitor is removed, then the current lags
Vrms = (40) 2 + (30)2 behind the voltage by 60°. When only the
Vrms = 50 V inductor is removed by the current leads the
voltage by 60º. The average power dissipated in
Hence, the rms value of the voltage applied to the
original L-C-R circuit is
circuit is 50V.
(a) 50 W (b) 100 W
326. In a series L-C-R circuit, resistance R = 10Ω and (c) 200 W (d) 400 W
the impedance Z = 10Ω. The phase difference
JIPMER-2016
between the current and the voltage is
(a) 0° (b) 30° Ans. (d) : Given,
(c) 45° (d) 60° R = 100Ω, V = 200 volt, ω = 300 rad/s, φ = 60°
JIPMER-2010 We know that,
Ans. (a) : Given that, X X
tan φ = L = C
Resistance (R) = 10Ω R R
Impedance (Z) = 10Ω X X
We know that, phase difference – tan 60° = L = C
R R
R 10
cosφ = = XL = XC = 3 R
Z 10 So, Impedance of the circuit –
cosφ = 1
Z = R 2 + ( X L − XC ) = R
2
φ = cos–1(1)
φ = 0° V 2 200 × 200
327. In a circuit L, C and R are connected in series So, average power (P) = R = 100
with an alternating voltage source of frequency
f. The current leads the voltage by 45º. The P = 400W
value of C is 329. A series LCR circuit is connected across a
1 1 sauce of alternating emf of changing frequency
(a) (b) and resonates at frequency f0. Keeping
2πf (2πfL + R) πf (2πfL + R) capacitance constant, if the inductance (L) is
1 1 increased by 3 times and resistance is
(c) (d)
2πf (2πfL − R) πf (2πfL − R) increased (R) by 1.4 times, the resonant
JIPMER- 2007 frequency now is
AIPMT-2005 (a) 31/ 4 f 0 (b) 3 f 0
TS EAMCET (Engg.)-2015
1/ 4
1
(c) ( 3 − 1) f 0
Ans. (a) : Given, 1/ 4
(d)   f 0
Phase angle (φ) = 45° 3
AP EAMCET -2013
Ans. (d) : Given, L' = 3L , C' = C and R' = 1.4R
In the L.C.R. circuit –
We know that,
X − XL
tan φ = C
R
1 We know that,
− ωL
ω
tan 45° = C 1
ωx =
R LC
1
− 2πf L And, f0 =
1
….(i)
1 = 2πfC 2π LC
R
1 1
1 In second case f ' = =
R + 2πfL = 2π L 'C ' 2π 3LC
2πfC
1
C=
1 1 4
f' =   f 0
2πf ( R + 2fπL )  3

330. The natural frequency of an L-C circuit is 125
kHz. When the capacitor is totally filled with a
dielectric material, the natural frequency
decreases by 25 kHz. Dielectric constant of the
material is nearly
(a) 3.33 (b) 2.12
(c) 1.56 (d) 1.91
AP EAMCET -2016
1 (a) (1) – capacitive, (2) resistive, (3) inductive
Ans. (c) : Frequency of oscillation (f) =
2π LC (b) (1) – resistive, (2) capacitive, (3) inductive
1 (c) (1) – inductive, (2) resistive, (3) capacitive
So, f∝ (d) (1) – resistive, (2) inductive, (3) capacitives
C
AMU-2008
f air Cdielectric Ans. (c) : If the angular velocity ( ω) = –2πfs is
∴ =
f dielectic Cair increased for a resistive circuit, there is no change. For
an inductive circuit, reactance = ωL.
Cdielectric
But = k (dielectric constant) Therefore, it increases linearly and the current decreases
Cair ∝ 1/ωL.
f air For a capacitor, 1/ωC is reactance.
∴ = k
f dielectric As ω increases, reactance decreases and for very high
values, it behaves like a conductor.
125
= k The reactance are (1) inductance (2) resistive and (3)
100 capacitance.
2
5
∴ k =   = 1.56
4
331. Two bulbs marked 200 V-100 W and 200 V-200
W are joined in series and connected to a
power supply of 200 V. The total power
consumed by the two will be near to
333. In a series L-C-R circuit the voltages across

resistance, capacitance and inductance are 20
V each. If the capacitance is short-circuited, the
voltage across the inductance will be
(a) 35 watt (b) 66 watt 20
(a) V (b) 20 V
(c) 100 watt (d) 300 watt 2
AMU-2009 (c) 20 2V (d) 40 V
Ans. (b) : Given that, AMU-2016
P1 = 100W, P2 = 200W
Ans. (a) : The voltage across all the three components
V = 200 Volt
are equal so, the impedance will be the same
Two bulbs are joined in series with 200 V supply then
equivalent power R = XL
We know that,
PP
Peq = 1 2 V 20
P1 + P2 Current ( I ) = =
R + (X )
2
2 R 2
100 × 200 200 L
Peq = = The potential drop across inductor –
100 + 200 3
Peq = 66 Watt V L = IX L
332. An alternating emf source with a certain emf VL = IR

amplitude is connected in turn, to a resistor, a 20
VL = V
capacitor and then an inductor. Once 2
connected to one of the elements, the source
334. A series RLC circuit, driven with Erms = 120 V
frequency ƒs is varied and the amplitude l of
at frequency 50 Hz, contains an inductance
the resulting current through the element is
measured and plotted, as shown in the figure. with XL = 100 Ω, a capacitance with XC=110 Ω,
Which of the following gives the identification and an unknown resistance R. For what value
of the respective curves? of R, the power factor is 0.9?

(a) 20 Ω (b) 42 Ω 337. The resonance frequency of a series LCR
(c) 59 Ω (d) 110 Ω circuit containing L= 12.5 mH, C= 5 µF and R
= 160 Ω
AMU-2014
100 4000
Ans. (a) : Given, (a) (b)
2π 2π
Erms = 120V, f = 50Hz, XL = 100Ω, XC = 110Ω 2π 2π
cos φ = 0.9 (c) (d)
300 600
We know that, AMU-2003
R R Ans. (b) : Given, L = 12.5 mH, C = 5µF, R = 160Ω
cos φ = =
Z R 2 + ( XL − XC )
2
We know that,
1
R Resonant frequency (f) =
0.9 = 2 π LC
R 2 + (100 − 110 )
2
1
f=
R 2 π 12.5 × 10 −3
× 5 × 10−6
0.9 =
R + 100
2
1
f =
R 2
2π 62.5 ×10−9
0.81 = 2
R + 100 1 105
f= =
R = 20Ω 2π 625 × 10−10 2π× 25
335. A charged capacitor C = 30 µF is connected to 4000
f=
an inductor L = 27 mH. The angular frequency 2π
of their oscillations is 338. In a A.C. circuit the potential difference and
(a) 9.1 × 103 (b) 3.0 × 103 current are represented respectively by
(c) 1.1 × 10 3
(d) 0.3 × 10 3 V = 100sin(100t) volt,
AMU-2012 I = 100sin(100t + π/3) milliamperes.
The power in the circuit is
Ans. (c) : Given,
(a) 2.5 watt (b) 5 watt
C = 30 µF = 30 ×10−6 F L = 27 mH = 27×10−3 H (c) 10 watt (d) 104 watt
We know that, AMU-2001
1 Ans. (a) : Given,
Angular frequency ( ω) =
LC  π
I = 100 sin 100t +  mA
1  3
ω=
−3
27 × 10 × 30 × 10 −6 V = 100 sin(100t) Volt
So, peak value of voltage (V0) = 100V
1
ω= rad/s Peak value of current (I0) = 100A
9 × 10−4 100
ω = 1.11 × 103 rad/s rms current (Irms) = × 10–3
2
336. In a series LCR circuit, if the applied voltage V 100
and the current in the circuit I at any instant t rms voltage (Vrms) =
2
are given as V = V0 sin ωt Power in the circuit –
I = I0 sin ( ωt – φ) Pavg = Vrms Irms cosφ
1 1 100 100 π  π
(a) ωL = (b) ωL > = ⋅ cos   × 10−3
ωC ωC Q φ = 
2 2 3  3
1 1
(c) ωL < (d) None of these = 100 ×100 × × 10−3 = 2.5 Watt
ωC 4
AMU-2006 339. In an experiment, 200 V A.C. is applied at the
Ans. (b) : Applied voltage = V0 sin ωt ends of an LCR circuit. The circuit consists of
Current in the circuit = I0 sin (ωt – φ) an inductive reactance (XL) = 50 Ω, capacitive
reactance (XC) = 50Ω and ohmic resistance (R)
Where, φ = Phase lag of the current with respect to the = 10 Ω. The impedance of the circuit is
voltage applied. (a) 10Ω (b) 20Ω
1 (c) 30 Ω (d) 40Ω
So, ωL >
ωC AIPMT- 1996
Ans. (a) : Given that, Ans. (c) : Given,
Inductive reactance (XL) = 50Ω VR = 80V, VC= 40V, VL = 100V
Capacitive reactance (XC) = 50Ω We know that,
Resistance (R) = 10Ω Power factor, cosφ =
VR
V = 200 Volt VR2 + ( VL − VC )
2
We know that,
80
Impedance of L-C-R circuit is – cosφ =
(80 ) + (100 − 40 )
2 2
( XL − XC )
2
Z= + R2
80
At resonance, XL = XC cosφ =
( 80 ) + ( 60 )
2 2
( 50 − 50 ) + (10 )
2 2
Z=
80
Z = 10Ω cosφ =
6400 + 3600
340. For a series LCR circuit, the power loss at
80
resonance is cosφ =
10000
V2
(a) (b) I2C ω 80
 1  cosφ = = 0.8
 ωL −  100
 ωC 
Power factor, cos φ = 0.8
V2
(c) I2R (d) 343. In LCR circuit if resistance increases quality
ωC factor
AIPMT- 2002 (a) increases finitely (b) decreases finitely
Ans. (c) : We know at resonance, the impedance of the (c) remains constant (d) none of these
circuit is equal to the resistance – DCE-2007
So, Z = R 2 + ( X L − X C ) Ans. (b) : We know that,
2
(XL = XC)
ωL
Z=R Quality factor ( Q ) = °
R
Ploss = VIcosφ = VI [cosφ = 1] Therefore, resistance R increases then quality factor Q
Ploss = I2 R [V = IR] definitely decreases.
341. Which of the following combinations should be 344. The electric current in A.C. circuit is given by
selected for better tuning of an L-C-R circuit the relation i = 3sinωt + 4cosωt . The rms value
used for communication? of the current in the circuit in amperes is
(a) R = 20Ω, L = 1.5 H,C = 35 µF 5
(b) R = 25Ω, L = 2.5 H,C = 45 µF (a) (b) 5 2
2
(c) R = 25Ω, L = 3.5 H,C = 30 µF
2 1
(d) R = 25Ω, L = 1.5 H,C = 45 µF (c) (d)
NEET- 2016 5 2
Ans. (c) : For better tuning of an LCR circuit used for AP EAMCET(Medical)-2015
communication the circuit should possess high quality Ans. (a) :The current through the AC circuit is given by
factor of resonance. i = 3sin ωt + 4 cos ωt
1 L Given that, I1 = 3, I2 = 4
Q= should be high. We know that,
R C
For it R should be low, L should be high and C should I 2 + I2
I rms = 1 2
be low. 2
Therefore, combination in option (c) is correct.
( 3) + ( 4 )
2 2
342. The potential differences across the resistance, I rms =

capacitance and inductance are 80 V, 40 V and 2
100 V respectively in an L-C-R circuit. The 9 + 16 25
power factor of this circuit is Irms = =
2 2
(a) 0.4 (b) 0.5
5
(c) 0.8 (d) 1.0 Irms =
2
NEET- 2016
(D) Resonance, Condition of Q 3 3
∴ =
Resonance, Variation of phase ∆ω 100 ( 3 3 ×10−3 )
difference, Quality factor Q)
103
= = 10
345. A series combination of resistor of resistance 102
100 Ω, inductor of inductance 1 H and 348. An inductor of 0.5 mH, a capacitor of 200 µF
capacitor of capacitance 6.25 µF is connected to and a resistor of 2 Ω are connected in series
an ac source. The quality factors of the circuit with a 220V ac source. If the current is in phase
will be____. with the emf, the frequency of ac source will be
JEE Main-08.04.2023, Shift-II _______ × 102 Hz.
Ans. (4) : Given, R = 100 Ω, L = 1 H JEE Main-29.06.2022, Shift-II
C = 6.25 µF = 6.25 × 10–6 F Ans. (5) : Given that,
We know that, L = 0.5 mH = 0.5 × 10–3H
1 L C = 200µF = 200 × 10–6F
Quality factor (Q) =
R C R = 2Ω and V = 220 V
Current is in phase which emf so circuit behaves as
1 1
Q-factor = resistive circuit –
100 6.25 × 10−6
We know that,
Q-factor = 4
1
346. Given below are two statements : Resonance frequency ( f ) =
2π LC
Statement I : An AC circuit undergoes
electrical resonance if it contains either a 1
f=
capacitor or an inductor. 2π 0.5 ×10 × 200 × 10−6
−3
Statement II : An AC circuit containing a pure f = 503 Hz

capacitor or a pure inductor consumes high f = 5.03×102Hz
power due to its non-zero power factor.
349. An AC source is connected to an inductance of
In the light of above statements, choose the
100 mH, a capacitance of 100 µF and a
correct answer from the options given below :
(a) Both Statement I and Statement II are false resistance of 120Ω as shown in figure. The
(b) Statement I is true but Statement II is false time in which the resistance having a thermal
(c) Both Statement I and Statement II are true capacity 2 J / °C will get heated by 16°C is __s.
(d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true
Ans. (a) : For resonance, φ =0 therefore, both inductor
and capacitor must be present. Also power factor is zero
for pure inductor or pure capacitor. Thus, both the
component consume zero average power. JEE Main-28.06.2022, Shift-I
347. In the circuit shown in the figure, the ratio of Ans. (15) : Given that,
the quality factor and the band width is –––– s. L = 100 mH, C = 100µF, R = 120Ω
1
XL = ωL = 10Ω, and X C = = 100Ω
ωC
So, XC – XL = 90Ω
We know that,
Impedance ( Z ) = R 2 + ( X L − X C )
2

Ans. (10) : We know that, Z = 1202 + 902 = 150 Ω
R 10
Band width (∆ω) = = 1
L 3 Irms = X C =
ωC
L 3 So, heat supplied by AC source = Thermal heat
Quality factor (Q) = =
R C 10 27 × 10 −6 observed by system
∴ Heat = i2Rt = thermal heat at 16° C Ans. (a) : Given that,
2 Speed of light (c) = 3 × 108m/s
2
  × 120 × t = 1 × 2 × 16 C = 400pF = 400 × 10–12F
 15  L = 400 µH = 400 × 10–6F
32 × 225 We know that,
t=
4 × 120 Frequency of the resonating LC circuit –
t = 15 sec 1
f=
350. A 110 V, 50 Hz, AC source is connected in the 2π LC
circuit (as shown in figure). The current 1
through the resistance 55Ω, at resonance in the f=
2π 400 × 10 × 400 × 10−6
−12
circuit, will be ––––––– A.
f = 397.7 kHz
We know that,
Velocity
Wavelength ( λ ) =
Frequency
3 ×108
λ=
397.7 × 103
λ = 0.00754 × 105
JEE Main-26.06.2022, Shift-I λ  754 m
Ans. (0) : Given that, Hence, An LC resonant circuit contains a 400 pF
V = 110V, f = 50Hz, R = 55Ω capacitor and an inductor of 400 µH. It is coupled to an
In this resonance condition, when magnitude of the antenna. Wavelength of radiated electromagnetic wave
inductive and capacitive resistance value is equal but is 754 m.
have a 180º phase difference, 353. Resonance frequency of LCR series a.c. circuit
is f0. Now the capacitance is made 4 times, then
1
At resonance, ω = the new resonance frequency will become
LC (a) f0/4 (b) 2f0
We know that, (c) f0 (d) f0/2
XC = XL ......(i) AP EAMCET-19.08.2021, Shift-I
2 VITEEE-2017
1  1 1  Gujarat CET-2007
=  −  ......(ii)
Z X
 C X L  Ans. (d) : We know that,
1
By using equation (i) and equation (ii), we get – Resonance frequency ( f 0 ) =
Impedance (Z) = ∞ 2π LC
Hence, circuit current = 0A 1
So, f0 ∝
351. When you walk through a metal detector C
carrying a metal object in your pocket, it raises f C'
an alarm. This phenomenon works on Therefore, 0' =
f0 C
(a) Electromagnetic induction
(b) Resonance in ac circuits f0 4C
'
=
(c) Mutual induction in ac circuits f0 C
(d) Interference of electromagnetic waves f0
JEE Main-25.07.2022, Shift-II =2
f 0'
Ans. (b) : Metal detector works on the principle of
f
resonance in AC circuit it transmitting an electromagnetic f 0' = 0
signal and analyses a return signal from the target. 2
354. An oscillator circuit consists of an inductance
352. An LC resonant circuit contains a 400 pF
of 0.5 mH and a capacitor of 20 µF. The
capacitor and an inductor of 400 µH. It is
coupled to an antenna. Wavelength of radiated resonant frequency of the circuit is nearly
electromagnetic wave is _______ (a) 15.92 Hz (b) 159.2 Hz
(a) 754 m (b) 377 m (c) 1592 Hz (d) 15910 Hz
(c) 377cm (d) 796 m AIIMS-25.05.2019(E) Shift-2
AP EAMCET-25.08.2021, Shift-II Karnataka CET-2020
Ans. (c) : Give data, Ans. (a) : In parallel of inductance –
L = 0.5mH, C = 20µF LL
L eq = 1 2
We know that, resonant frequency- L1 + L 2
1 In parallel of capacitance –
f=
2π LC Ceq = C1 + C 2
1 1 1
f= At resonance, ω1 = & ω2 =
−3 −6
2π 0.5 ×10 × 20 × 10 L1C1 L2 C2
f = 1592.3 Hz 1
L1C1 = L2C2 = 2 (Qω1= ω2= ω)
355. LCR circuit, the resonance frequency of circuit ω
increases two times of the initial circuit by 1
changing C and C' and R from 100Ω to 400Ω Since, ωeq = L C
eq eq
while the inductance was kept the same. The
ratio C/C', is 1
ωeq =
(a) 2 (b) 8 L1L 2
( C1 + C 2 )
(c) 16 (d) 4 L1 + L 2
TS-EAMCET-04.05.2019, Shift-2 1
Ans. (d) : Given, ωeq =
L1L 2 C1 + L1L 2 C2
Resistance, R1 = 100Ω, R2 = 400Ω L1 + L 2
Initial capacitance (C1) = C
1
Final capacitance (C2) = C' ωeq =
Inductance (L) = L1 = L2 1  L 2 + L1 
 
We know that, ω2  L1 + L 2 
Resonance frequency 1
1 ωeq = ω =
f1 = LC
2π LC 357. In the given circuit the reading of voltmeter V1
1 and V2 are 300 volt each. The reading of the
f2 = voltmeter V3 and ammeter A are respectively
2π LC '
According to question,
f2 = 2f1
1 2
=
2π LC ' 2π LC
1 2
=
C' C
C
=4 (a) 150V and 2.2A (b) 220 V and 2.2A
C' (c) 220 V and 2.0A (d) 100 V and 2.0A
356. Find resonance frequency in the given circuit VITEEE-2018
V1 = V2 = 300V
Here, V1, V2 are same but opposite in phase with each
other So, cancel each other.
Thus, V3 is equal to voltage source 220V.
V 220
And Ammeter current ( I ) = =
R 100
1 2 IA = 2.2A
(a) (b) 358. Consider two series resonant circuits with
LC LC
components L1,C1 and L2,C2 with same
1 4
(c) (d) resonant frequency, ω. When connected in
2 LC LC series, the resonant frequency of the
JIPMER-2019 combination is
ω Ans. (c) : Given that,
(a) 2 ω (b)
2
L = 1H, C = 9F, R = 3Ω
(c) 3 ω (d) ω We know that,
TS EAMCET(Medical)-2017
ωL 1 L  1 
Ans. (d): In series of inductance – Quality factor ( Q ) = = Qω = 
R R C  LC 
Leq = L1 + L2
In series of capacitance, 1 1
Q=
CC 3 9
Ceq = 1 2
C1 + C 2 Q=
1
Resonant frequency is – 9
1 1 361. If in a resonance tube a oil of density higher
ω1 = and ω2 = than that water is used then at the resonance
L1C1 L2C2
frequency would be
ω1 = ω2 = ω (a) increased (b) decreased
L1C1 = L2C2 (c) slightly increased (d) remains the same
1 1 CG PET- 2008
Then, ωeq = =
Leq Ceq  C1 × C2  Ans. (d) : If in a resonance tube a oil of density higher
( L1 + L2 )   than that water is used then at the resonance frequency
 C1 + C2  would be remains the same.
1 The frequency depends upon the speed of the sound and
Q L1C1 = = L2 C2
ω2 length of the resonance column.
1 362. On which principle does sonometer works?
ωeq = (a) Hooke's law (b) Elasticity
1  C2 + C1  (c) Resonance (d) Newton's law
 
ω2  C1 + C2  CG PET- 2008
ωeq = ω Ans. (c) : Sonometer is a device which works on the
principle of resonance.
ωeq = ω
It does not depend material in the resonance to so
359. In non-resonant circuit, what will be the nature frequency remains same.
of the circuit for frequencies higher than the
363. If magnetic flux linked with a coil is given by
resonant frequency?
φ=5t2 +3t+16. Then, induced emf in 4th sec is
(a) Resistive (b) Capacitive
(a) 10 V (b) −10 V
(c) Inductive (d) None of these
(c) −43 V (d) −33 V
Manipal UGET-2012
CG PET- 2007
Ans. (c) : Let, ωR is the resonant frequency
Then, 0 < ω < ωR
φ = 5t2 + 3t + 16
At resonant frequency
We know that,
XL = XC
 dφ 
1 ε = –   = − (10t + 3)
ωL =  dt 
ωC
At time (t) = 4 second then
For frequencies higher than the resonant frequency-
ε = – (10 × 4 + 3) = – 43
XL > XC
So, nature of circuit is inductive. 364. The self-inductance of an air core solenoid of
100 turns is 1 mH. The self-inductance of
360. The values of L, C and R for a circuit are 1H,
another solenoid of 50 turns (with the same
9F and 3Ω. What is the quality factor for the length and cross-sectional area) with a core
circuit at resonance ? having relative permeability 500 is
(a) 1 (b) 9 (a) 125 mH (b) 24 mH
1 1 (c) 60 mH (d) 30 mH
(c) (d)
9 3 (e) 45 mH
CG PET- 2009 Kerala CEE- 2013
Ans. (a) : Given that, N1 = 100, L1 = 1mH, relative 366. When a DC voltage of 200 V is applied to a coil
permeability (µr) = 500 2 3
of self-inductance   H, a current of 1 A
N2 = 50, L2 = ?  π 
Self inductance of solenoid in air medium – flows through it. But by replacing DC source
with AC source of 200 V, the current in the coil
µ N A 2
L1 = o 1 ….(i) is reduced to 0.5 A. Then the frequency of AC
l supply is
Self inductance of solenoid in another medium – (a) 100 Hz (b) 75 Hz
µµ N A 2 (c) 60 Hz (d) 30 Hz
L2 = r o 2 …..(ii) (e) 50 Hz
l
Kerala CEE 2007
For same length and same area
Ans. (e) : Given that,
Dividing equation (i) by equation (ii), we get –
2 3
L1 µ N2 V = 200 Volt, L = H, I1 = 1A, I2 = 0.5A
Therefore, = 0 12 π
L2 µr µ0 N 2
At DC connection-
Putting these value, we get – V 200
R= = = 200Ω
1× 10−3 µ 0 × 1002 I1 1
=
L2 500µ 0 × 50 2
At AC connection –
10−3 × 502 × 500 I2 =
V
L2 =
1002 R + X 2L
2
L2 = 125 mH 200
I2 =
365. The resonance frequency of the tank circuit of 200 + (ωL)2
2
10
an oscillator when L = 2 mH and C = 0.04 200
π 0.5 = (Qω = 2πf )
200 + (4 3f )2
2
µF are connected in parallel is
( 200 )
2
(a) 250 kHz (b) 25 kHz
0.25 =
( 200 ) + 48f 2
2
(c) 2.5 kHz (d) 25 MHz
(e) 2.5 MHz 0.25 × (2002 + 48f 2) = 2002
Kerala CEE - 2008
( 200 ) − ( 200 )
2 2
× 0.25
Ans. (b) : Given that, f 2
=
48 × 0.25
10 10
( 200 )
2
L= mH = 2 × 10−3 H , C = 0.04 µF = 0.04 × 10–6F × 0.75
π 2
π f2 =
12
In parallel resonant circuit resonance frequency – 30000
1 f2 = = 2500
f0 = 12
2π LC f = 50 Hz
Putting these value, we get – 367. Assertion: A capacitor blocks direct current
1 in the steady state.
f0 = Reason: The capacitive reactance of the
10
2π × 0.04 × 10−6 ×10−3 capacitor is inversely proportional to frequency
π2
f of the source of emf.
1 (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
f0 =
2π reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
0.4 × 10−9
π (b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
1 Reason is not the correct explanation of
f0 = Assertion
2 × 2 × 10−5
f0 = 0.25 × 105 (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect
f0 = 25 kHz AIIMS-2011
Ans. (a) Given that, π  π π
Phase difference (φ) = −  −  =
1 1 6  6 3
XC = =
ωC 2πfC 1
Frequency of direct current is zero that is i.e., f = 0 Power dissipation = Vo Io cos φ
2
∴ XC = ∞ 1 π
So, it blocks the DC current, P = × 220 ×10 × cos
2 3
1
XC = 1
P = × 220 ×10 ×
1
2πfC 2 2
1 P = 110×5
XC ∝
f P = 550W
Hence, option (a) is correct.
371. The natural frequency of the circuit shown in
368. An inductance L having a resistance R is adjoining figure is
connected to an alternating source of angular
frequency ω. The quality factor Q of
inductance is
(a) R/ ωL (b) ( ωL/R)2
(c) (R/ ωL) 1/2
(d) ωL/R
AIIMS-2014
CBSE PMT -2000 1
(a)
Ans. (d) We know that, 2π LC
Potential drop across capacitor or inductor 1
Q= (b)
Potential drop across R 2π 2LC
ωL 2
Q= (c)
R 2π LC
369. In L-C-R circuit power factor at resonance is (d) zero
(a) less than one (b) greater than one VITEEE-2013
(c) unity (d) Can’t predicted
Ans. (a) : In the given circuit inductor and capacitor are
MHT-CET 2011
in series-
Ans. (c) : We know that,
1 1 1
R R = + and LS = L+ L
cos φ= = CS C C
Z R + ( XL − XC )
2 2
C
At resonance, XL = XC CS = LS = 2L
2
R Therefore natural frequency of the circuit
cosφ = =1
R 1
Current and voltage across the resistance are all in f0 =
2 π L S CS
phase. So, phase angle φ = 0°
Therefore, cosφ = 1 1
fo =
C
370. The equation of AC voltage is E= 220 sin 2π 2L ×
( ωt + π/6) and the AC current is I=10sin 2
( ωt – π/6). The average power dissipated is fo =
1
(a) 150 W (b) 550 W 2π LC
(c) 250 W (d) 50 W 372. Q− factor can be increased by having a coil of
VITEEE-2016 (a) large inductance, small ohmic resistance
Ans. (b) :Given that, (b) large inductance, large ohmic resistance
E = 220 sin ( ωt + π/6) (c) small inductance, large ohmic resistance
I = 10 sin ( ωt – π/6) (d) small inductance, small ohmic resistance
So, V0 = 220 V and I0 = 10A VITEEE-2006
Ans. (a) : We know that, Ans. (d) : At resonance condition –
ωL XL = XC
Quality factor ( Q ) = Hence, In LCR-series circuit the resonance condition in
R
terms of capacitive reactance (XC) and inductive
So, Q∝L
reactance (XL) is XC – XL = 0
1
Or Q ∝  π
R 376. A current I = I 0 sin  ωt -  flows in an A.C.
 2
So, Q-factor can be increased by having a coil of large
potential of E = E0 sin ωt has been applied, then
inductance, small ohmic resistance.
the power consumption P in the circuit will be
373. In an LCR series resonant circuit which one of EI EI
the following cannot be the expression for the (a) P = 0 0 (b) P =
2 2
Q-factor
E 0 I0
ωL 1 (c) P = (d) P = zero
(a) (b) 2
R ωCR
J&K CET- 2001
L 1 R Ans. (d) : Given that,
(c) (d)
CR LC E = Eo sin ωt
J&K CET- 2010  π
And I = Io sin  ωt − 
Ans. (c) : We know that,  2
ωL  π
Quality factor ( Q ) = Here, voltage and current are in out of phase φ = 
R  2
1 ∴ Power factor, cosφ = cos90º = 0
At resonant, ω =
LC Hence, power consumption become zero.
L 377. The resonant frequency of a L – C – R circuit
So, Q=
LC × R depends upon
(a) L and R (b) C and R
1 L (c) L and C (d) L, C and R
Q=
R C J&K-CET-2014
374. In an LCR series ac circuit at resonance Ans. (c) : We know that,
(a) the capacitive reactance is more than the Resonant frequency is –
inductive reactance. 1
f=
(b) the capacitive reactance equals the inductive 2π LC
reactance. Therefore, resonant frequency f is depends on L and C
(c) the capacitive reactance is less than the 378. An L-C circuit is in the state of resonance. If
inductive reactance. C = 0.1µF and L = 0.25 Henry, neglecting
(d) the power dissipated is minimum. ohmic resistance of circuit, what is the
J&K CET- 2010 frequency of oscillations?
(a) 1007 Hz (b) 100 Hz
Ans. (b) : In LCR series AC circuit at resonance the
(c) 109 Hz (d) 500 Hz
capacitive reactance equals the inductive reactance.
JIPMER-2005
XL = XC
Hence, option (b) is correct.
C = 0.1µF = 0.1 × 10–6F
375. In LCR-series circuit the resonance condition L = 0.25H
in terms of capacitive reactance (XC) and We know that,
inductive reactance (XL) is
1
(a) X C + X L = 0 f=
2π LC
(b) XC = 0 1
(c) XL = 0 f=
2π 0.1× 10−6 × 0.25
(d) XC – XL = 0
f  1007 Hz
J&K CET- 2008
Ans. (b) : Given, XL = 3R, XC = R
(E) Power in A.C. Circuit, Wattless Now, the power factor is
Current or Idle Current
I2 R R
P= =
379. Among various circuits constructed with resistor I2 Z Z
R, inductor L and capacitor C, the circuit that
( )
2
(R)
2
gives maximum power dissipation is P Z + X L A − X CA
(a) purely inductive circuit Then, B = A =
PA ZB
(R ) + (X )
2 2
(b) purely capacitive circuit LB − X CB
(c) purely resistive circuit
R 2 + ( 3R )
2
(d) L-C series circuit PB 10R 2 2
= = =
(e) C-R series circuit PA R + ( 3R − R ) 1
2 2 2
5R
Kerala CEE 2021
Ans. (c) : We know that, Hence, The ratio of power factor of circuit B to that of
Power dissipated in an AC circuit is given by − circuit A is 2 :1
P = Vrms Irms cosφ 382. In LCR series circuit, an alternating e.m.f. ‘e’
Where, φ=Phase difference between the current & voltage. and current ‘i’ are given by the equations e =
For maximum power dissipation value of cosφ should be 1. 100 sin (100t) volt,
So, In purely resistive circuit, the voltage & current are  π
i = 100sin  100t +  mA.
in same phase so phase difference is zero.  3
Therefore, cosφ = 1 The average power dissipated in the circuit will
380. In series LCR circuit, resistance is 18 Ω and be
impedance is 33 Ω. An r.m.s. voltage of 220 V is (a) 100 W (b) 10 W
applied across the circuit. The true power (c) 5 W (d) 2.5 W
consumed in a.c. circuit is MHT-CET 2020
(a) 200 W (b) 600 W Ans. (d) : Given that,
(c) 800 W (d) 400 W e = 100 sin (100 t) Volt
MHT-CET 2017, 2020 i = 100 sin(100t + π/3) mA
Ans. (c) : Given, Comparing with standard equation,
Resistance (R) = 18Ω e = e0 sin ωt, I = I0 sin(ωt + φ)
Impedance (Z) = 33Ω I0 = 100 mA, e0 = 100 Volt
Voltage (Vrms) = 220 V I 100
We know that, I rms = 0 = mA
2 2
V2 e 100 π
True power consumed (P) = rms cos φ e rms = 0 = ,φ=
Z 2 2 3
R The average power,
Where, cos φ =
Z Pavg = Irms × erms × cosφ
2
V R 100 100
P = rms × = × × cos 60°× 10−3 = 2.5W
Z Z 2 2
V2 × R 383. In an AC circuit, V and I are given by
= rms 2 V = 150 sin (150t) volt and I = 150 sin
Z
220 × 220 ×18  π
P=  150t +  ampere. The power dissipated in the
33 × 33  3
circuit is
P = 800 W
(a) 106 W (b) 150 W
381. Two electric circuit A and B are shown in the (c) 5625 W (d) zero
figure. The ratio of power factor of circuit B to Karnataka CET-2011
that of circuit A is –––––
Ans. (c) : Given,
V = 150 sin (150t) Volt
Comparing with standard equation of AC voltage,
V = V0 sin ωt
V0 = 150
And,
(a) 3 : 2 (b) 2 :1
 π
(c) 2 : 3 (d) 4 : 3 I = 150 sin 150t + 
AP EAMCET-07.10.2020, Shift-I  3
Comparing with standard equation of AC current, Ans. (a) : Given,
I = I0 sin (ωt + φ) R = 100 Ω
I0 = 150A 4
L= 2 H
π π
Phase angle, φ = = 60°
3 V = 200 V
We know that, f = 50 Hz
The power dissipate in ac circuit is
1
P = V0 I0 cos φ
2
1
P = ×150 × 150 cos 60°
2
When voltage and current are in phase then
1 1
P = × 150 × 150 × XL = XC
2 2 1
P = 5625 W ωL =
ωC
Hence, the power dissipated in the circuit is 5625 W.
1
384. Wattless current means- Capacitance (C) = 2
(a) Current is zero ωL
(b) The average power consumed in a cycle is zero 1 1× π 2
C= =
(c) e.m.f. is zero L(2πf ) 2 4(2π × 50) 2
(d) The phase difference between current and
1
potential difference is zero C=
CG PET-22.05.2022 40000
C = 2.5 × 10–5 F
Ans. (b) : Wattless current means the average power
consumed in a cycle is zero such current is also called We know that,
idle current. V2
Power dissipated ( P ) =
π R
Pavg = Erms.Irmscos
2 40000
P= = 400W
Pavg = 0 100
Hence, the average power consumed in a cycle is zero 387. In an AC circuit, the current is given by
385. A light bulb is rated at 110 W for a 220 V I = 5sin (100t–π/2) and the alternating potential
supply. The resistance of the bulb is is V= 200 sin (100) t volt. The power consumed
(a) 440 Ω (b) 220 Ω in the circuit is
(c) 55 Ω (d) 110 Ω (a) 20W (b) 40W
TS EAMCET (Medical) 09.08.2021, Shift-I (c) 1000W (d) zero
Ans. (a) : Given, AP EAMCET-23.09.2020,Shift-I
P = 110 W CG PET- 2006
V = 220V UPCPMT-2009
We know that, Ans. (d) : Given, I = 5sin(100t – π/2), V = 200
V2 sin(100)t
P=
R We know that,
V 2
(220) 2 Ip 5
R= = = 440 Ω Irms = = A
P 110 2 2
386. A resistance of 100 Ω, inductor of self- Vp 200
Vrms = = V
 4  2 2
inductance  2  H and a capacitor of
π  π
unknown capacitance are connected in series to Phase difference (φ) = 2
an a.c. source of 200 V and 50 Hz. When the
current and voltage are in phase, the capacitance Q P = Vrms × Irms × cosφ
and power dissipated is respectively 200 5 π
P= × × cos
(a) 2.5 × 10–5 F, 400 W (b) 3.0 × 10–5 F, 50 W 2 2 2
(c) 2.0 × 10–5 F, 100 W (d) 1.5 × 10–5 F, 200 W P=0
MHT-CET 2020
388. A lamp delivers a luminous flux of 100 W to an Ans. (d) : Given,
absorber of area 1 cm2. The force due to  π
radiation pressure is I = I0 sin  ωt − 
 2
(a) 3.3×10–4 N (b) 16.5×10–7 N E = E0 sin ωt
–6
(c) 3.3×10 N (d) 3.3×10–7 N On comparing equation, E = E0sin(ωt) and I = I0 sin (ωt
AP EAMCET (20.04.2019) Shift-II + φ)
Ans. (d) : Given, π
A = 1cm2 = 10–4m2 Then, φ = = 90°
2
P = 100 W WE know that, power consumption is –
c = 3 × 108 m/sec I V
We know that, P = 0 0 cos φ
2
Force = Rate of change of linear momentum I0 V0
P= cos90°
dp d  v  2
F= =  
dt dt  c  P=0
1 dv 391. A resistor and an inductor are connected in series
F= to an AC source of voltage 150 sin(100πt +π) volt.
c dt If the current in the circuit is
Where, v = Electromagnetic wave energy  2π 
P 5sin  100πt +  ampere, then the average
F=  3 
c power dissipated and the resistance of the
100 resistor are respectively
F= (a) 187.5W ,30Ω (b) 187.5W ,15Ω
3 × 108
F = 3.3 × 10-7 N (c) 375W ,30Ω (d) 375W ,15Ω
AP EAMCET (20.04.2019) Shift-1
389. An electric bulb is rated as 200V – 100W. The
power consumed by the bulb when operated at Ans. (b) : Given,
100 V is V = 150 sin(100πt + π)V
(a) 25 W (b) 50 W Comparing this equation, V = Vo sin(ωt + φ1)
Then, Vo = 150, φ1 = π
(c) 75 W (d) 100 W
UPSEE 2019 2π
I = 5 sin(100πt + )A
Ans. (a) : Given that, 3
Comparing this equation, I = Io sin(ωt + φ2)
P = 100W
2π
V = 200V Then, Io = 5A, φ2 =
3
V2
We know that, P = ∴ ∆φ = φ = φ1 – φ2
R
π
(200) 2 200 × 200 φ=
R= = = 400Ω 3
100 100 Now, average power in R-L circuit –
When bulb is operated at 100V Pav = Vrms × Irms × cosφ
Then, power consumed V I
Pav = o × o cos 60°
V 2 (100) 2 100 × 100 2 2
P= = = = 25W
R 400 400 Vo Io 150 × 5 1
P = 25 W Pav = × cos 60° = ×
2 2 2 2
 π Pav =187.5 W
390. A current I = I 0 sin  ωt −  flow in an AC Impendence
 2
circuit, if potential E = E0 sin ωt has been V 150
Z= 0 =
applied. The power consumption in the circuit I0 5
will be Z = 30 Ω
EI EI R
(a) 0 0 (b) = cos φ
2 2 Z
E 0 I0 1
(c) (d) Zero R = 30 cos 60° = 30 ×
2 2
R = 15 Ω
392. A small town is located 10 km away from a R
power plant. An average of 120 kW of electric Q cos φ =
Z
power is sent to this town. The transmission
Vrms Irms R
lines have a total resistance of 0.40Ω. Calculate Pavg =
the power loss, if the power is transmitted at R + (X L − X C ) 2
2
240 V.
(a) 100 W (b) 10 W 395. A resistor and an inductor are connected to an
(c) 100 kW (d) 10 kW ac supply of 120 V and 50 Hz. The current in
J&K-CET-2018 the circuit is 3A. If the power consumed in the
Ans. (c) : Given, circuit is 108 W, then the resistance in the
Pavg = 120 kW circuit is
R = 0.40Ω (a) 12 Ω (b) 40 Ω
V = 240 V (c) (52 × 25) Ω (d) 360 Ω
RMS value of current
BITSAT-2018
P 120
I= = ×103 Ans. (a) : Given that, P = 108 W
V 240
I = 500 A
Power loss if the power is transmitted at 240V –
Ploss = I2 R
Ploss = (500)2 × 0.40
Ploss = 100 × 103 W We know that,
Ploss = 100 kW Power = I 2rms R
393. In Karnataka, the normal domestic power
supply AC is 220V, 50 Hz. Here, 220V and 50 108
R=
Hz refer to : 32
(a) peak value of voltage and frequency R = 12Ω
(b) rms value of voltage and frequency
(c) mean value of voltage and frequency 396. An alternating voltage V = V0 sin ωt is applied
(d) peak value of voltage and angular frequency across a circuit. As a result, a current I = I0 sin
Karnataka CET-2018 (ωt – π/2) flows in it. The power consumed per
Ans. (b) : In the domestic power supply AC: 220 V and cycle is
50 Hz. The potential value 220 V is the rms value of (a) Zero (b) 0.5 V0I0
voltage and 50 Hz is frequency. (c) 0.707 V0I0 (d) 1.414 V0I0
394. In a LCR series resonating circuit, the value of Kerala CEE-2018
average power loss is : BITSAT-2010, 2005
Vrms I rms R
(a) Ans. (a) : Given that, V = Vosinωt
R + (X L − X C ) 2
2
Vrms I rms
(b)
R R + (X L − X C ) 2
2
Vrms Irms
(c)
R 2 + X 2L In the circuit,
V = Vo sinωt
Vrms I rms
(d)  π
R 2 + (X L + X C ) 2 I = Iosin  ωt − 
 2
AIIMS-26.05.2018(M)
π
Ans. (a) : φ=
2
So, power consumed,
P = Vrms × Irms × cosφ
I V
P = 0 0 cos φ
We know that, impedance – 2
I V π
Z = R 2 + ( XL − XC ) P = 0 0 cos
2
2 2
Average power (Pavg) = Vrms × Irmscosφ P=0
397. A 100 W electric bulb produces 1
electromagnetic radiation with electric field XC =
2 × 3.14 × 50 × 10 ×10−6
2V
amplitude of at a distance of 10 m. = 318.4 Ω
m Inductive reactance XL = ωL
Assuming it as a point source, estimate the
efficiency of the bulb. = 2πf L
(a) 4.9% (b) 2.5% = 2 × 3.14 × 50 × 6 × 10–6
(c) 6.6% (d) 19.7% = 18.84 × 10–4 Ω
TS-EAMCET-04.05.2018, Shift-1 ∴ Z = 102 + (318.4 − 18.84 × 10 −4 ) 2
Ans. (c) : Given, P = 100 W, Emax = 2Vm–1, R = 10 m
We know that, Intensity of radiation – Z = (100 + 318.39) 2
I=
Power
× Efficiency Z = 101477.36
Area Z = 318. 62 Ω
100 Vrms V0 / 2
I= ×η Therefore, Irms = =
4 × π× (10 )
2
Z Z
Half by electric field, 280
Irms =
1 1
I = ε0 E 2rms C 2 × 318.55
2 2 I rms = 0.621A
We know that,
So, P = I 2rms , R
E
Erms = max P = (0.621)2 ×10
2 P = 3.8 W
I = εoE2max × C 399. A coil has inductance of 0.4 H and resistance of
η E2 8Ω. It is connected to an AC source with peak
= εo × max × C
4π 2 30
emf 4 V and frequency Hz. The average
4π× 8.85 ×10 −12 × 4 × 3 ×108 π
η= power dissipated in the circuit is
2
η = 0.0667 × 100 (a) 1 W (b) 0.5 W
η = 6.6% (c) 0.3 W (d) 0.1 W
398. An oscillating circuit consisting of a capacitor
with capacitance C = 10µF, a coil with Ans. (d) : Given that,
inductance L = 6.0µH and active resistance R = XL = 0.4 H
10Ω. The mean power that should be fed to the R = 8Ω
circuit to maintain undamped harmonic 30
oscillations with an external driving power with f= Hz
π
50Hz and a Vm of 280 V is
VPeak = 4V
(a) 3.8 W (b) 48 W
(c) 3 mW (d) 48 mW Average power dissipated is
TS-EAMCET-04.05.2018, Shift-2 Pavg = Vrms Irms cosφ
Ans. (a) : Given, V2 R
Pavg = max ×
R = 10 Ω Z Z
L = 6 H = 6 × 10–7 H
(4 / 2 ) ×8
2
C = 10µF = 10 × 10–6 F Pavg =

( )
2
R 2 + XL2
(4 / 2 ) ×8
2
Pavg =
( )
2
R 2 + ( 2πfL2 )
We know that, impedance of the circuit –
(4 / 2 ) ×8
2
Z = R 2 + (X C − X L ) 2
Pavg = 2
Capacity reactance –  2 
1 1  82 +  2π 30 × 0.4  
XC = =   π  
ωC 2πf C  

8×8 R
Pavg = cos φ′ =
64 + 576 4R 2
64 1 R
Pavg = = = 0.1 W cos φ′ =
640 10 2R
400. An inductor and a resistor are connected in cos φ′ = 0.5
series to an ac source of variable frequency.
401. What is power dissipation in an A.C. circuit in
When the frequency of the applied ac is 50 Hz,
which voltage and current are given by
3 V = 300 sin ( ωt + π/2), I = 5 sin ωt?
the power factor of the circuit is . If the
2 (a) zero (b) 300 units
frequency of the ac is increased by 200%, the (c) 150 units (d) 75 units
power factor of the circuit is _______. AMU-2017
(a) 0.8 (b) 0.9
Ans. (a) : Given,
(c) 0.7 (d) 0.5
AP EAMCET-24.04.2017, Shift-II V = 300 sin(ωt + π/2)
I = 5 sin ωt
Ans. (d) : According to question,
On comparing equation, V = V0sin(ωt + φ) and I = I0 sin
(ωt)
Then, I0 = 5A, V0 = 300 V
1
We know that, ( P ) = V0 I0 cos φ
2
1
3 P = × 300 × 5cos ( π / 2 )
Given, power factor ( cos φ ) = 2
2
P=0
f = 50 Hz
f' = f + 200 % of f 402. In an AC circuit, current is 3 A and voltage 210
V and power is 63 W. The power factor is
200
f' = f + ×f (a) 0.11 (b) 0.09
100 (c) 0.08 (d) 0.10
f' = 3f GUJCET 2017
For R, L circuit Ans. (d) : Given,
R R I = 3A
cos φ = =
Z R + X L2
2
V = 210 V
P = 63 W
R2
cos 2 φ = Q Power drawn by the circuit is -
R 2 + X 2L P = IV cosφ
2
 3 R2 P
Power factor, (cosφ) =
 2  = R 2 + X 2 IV
  L
63
3 R2 cosφ =
= 3 × 210
4 R 2 + X L2
cosφ = 0.10
3R2 + 3 X 2L = 4R2
403. In an AC circuit the potential difference and
R2 = 3 × X 2L current i are represented respectively by V =
R 100 sin (100 t) volt, and
XL =  π
3 I = 100 sin  100t +  milli ampere. The power
Q XL ∝ f  3
∴ After change in frequency, X'L = 3L in the circuit is
(a) 2.5 W (b) 5 W
R
X 'L = 3 × (c) 10 W (d) 104 W
3 Manipal UGET-2011
R CG PET - 2005
∴ cos φ′ =
R + X′L2
2
Ans. (a) : Given,
V = 100 sin (100t) V …..(i)
R
cos φ′ =  π
I = 100 sin 100 t +  mA
( )
2
R2 + 3R  3

 π Ans. (d) : Given, power of bulb = 50 W,
I = 100×10–3 sin 100 t +  A …..(ii)
 3 Time taken = 1 s
Comparing equation (i) with, V = V0 sin (ωt) Electric energy consumed per second = 50 W
Heat produced = 100 % – 20% = 80%
Then, V0 = 100, ω = 100
80
π = × 50 = 40 J
φ= 100
3
We know that,
Now, power (P) = Vrms Irms cos θ 1 cal = 4.2 J
V I π 1
P = 0 × 0 cos 1J= cal
2 2 3 4.2
100 ×100 × 10 −3 1 40
P= × = 2.5 W ∴ = cal/sec = 9.52 cal/sec
2 2 4.2
404. A lamp consumes only 50% of maximum 406. The power factor of a good choke coil is
power applied in an A.C. circuit. What will be (a) Nearly zero (b) Exactly zero
the phase difference between applied voltage (c) Nearly one (d) Exactly one
and circuit current? CG PET- 2006
(a) π rad (b) π rad UPSEE - 2014
6 3 Ans. (a) : Power factor
(c) π rad (d) π rad R
4 2 cos φ =
GUJCET 2014 Z
In choke coil, φ = 90°
Ans. (b) : Given,
So, cos φ ≈ 0
P
P= P The power factor of a good choke coil is nearly zero.
2
The choke coil is an extremely low resistance
We know that, inductance coil used to reduce the current in AC circuit.
P = Vrms Irms cos φ 407. A coil has resistance 30 ohm and inductive
Vp Ip reactance 20 ohm at 50 Hz frequency. If an ac
Where, Vrms = and R rms =
2 2 source, of 200 volt, 100 Hz, is connected across
the coil, the current in the coil will be
VP I P
So, P = cos φ (a) 4.0 A (b) 8.0 A
2 (c) 7.2 A (d) 2.0 A
P = PP cos φ BITSAT-2009, 2006
PP Ans. (a) : Given that,
= PP cos φ
2 R = 30 Ω
Therefore, we get– XL = 20 Ω
–1 1 f = 50 Hz
φ = cos
2 V = 200 V
π We know that, ω = 50 × 2π then, ωL = 20 Ω
φ= ω' = 100 × 2π then, ω'L = 40Ω
3
200 200
Thus, the phase difference between the applied voltage ∴ I= ×
and circuit current when a lamp consumer only 50% of Z R + (ω 'L) 2
2
peak power in an AC circuit is π/3. 200

I=
405. Amount of heat produced per second in 302 + 402
calories when a bulb of 50 W, 200 V glows I=4A
(assuming that only 20% of the electric energy
408. The impedance of a circuit consists of 3Ω
is converted into light)
resistance and 4Ω reactance. The power factor
(J = 4.2J/cal) of the circuit is
(a) 40 cal/s (b) 28 cal/s (a) 0.4 (b) 0.6
(c) 18.22 cal/s (d) 9.52 cal/s (c) 0.8 (d) 1.0
CG PET -2016 BITSAT-2012
Ans. (b) : Given, Ans. (e) : Given, V = 200 sin 100 t, ω = 100, L =
R = 3Ω 400×10–3H, R = 30Ω
XL = 4Ω We know that,
We know that, impedance of the circuit – R
cosφ =
Z = R 2 + X 2L = 32 + 42 R + ω2 L2
2
Z=5Ω 30
cosφ =
The power factor is, (30) + (100) 2 × (400 ×10 −3 )2
2
R 3 30
cosφ = = cosφ =
Z 5 900 + 1600
cosφ = 0.6 cosφ = 0.6
409. Voltage V and current i in AC circuit are given 412. The rms current in an AC circuit is 2A. If the
by V = 50 sin (50 t) volt, i = 100 sin
wattless current be 3 A, what is the power
 π
 50t +  mA. The power dissipated in the factor of the circuit?
 3 1 1
circuit is (a) (b)
(a) 5.0 W (b) 2.5 W 2 3
(c) 1.25 W (d) zero 1 1
(c) (d)
BITSAT-2014 3 2
Ans. (c) : Given, JCECE-2012
V = 50 sin (50t) V Ans. (a) : Given, I = 2A,
 π We know that,
I = 100×10–3 sin  50t +  A IωL = Irms sin φ
 3
π 3 = 2 sin φ
Then, V0 = 50, I0 = 100×10–3A, φ = φ = 60°
3
We know that, power dissipated in the circuit, Power factor is
I V cos φ = cos60°
P = 0 0 × cos φ 1
2 cos φ =
50 ×100 ×10−3 π 2
P= × cos 413. The potential difference across an instrument
2 3 in an AC circuit of frequency f is V and the
P = 1.25 W current through it is I such that V = 5 cos 2 π ft
410. If E0 is the peak emf, I0 is the peak current and volt and I = 2 sin 2πft amp. The power
φ is the phase difference between them, then dissipated in the instrument is:
the average power dissipation in the circuit is (a) zero (b) 10W
1 EI (c) 5W (d) 2.5W
(a) E 0 I0 (b) 0 0
2 2 JCECE-2006
1 1 Ans. (a) : Given that,
(c) E 0 I0 sin φ (d) E 0 I0 cos φ
2 2  π
V = 5 cos2πft = 5sin  2πft − 
1  2
(e) E 0 I0 tan φ
2 I = 2 sin 2πft
Kerala CEE - 2011 On comparing equation, V = V0sin(ωt + φ) and I = I0 sin
Ans. (d) : The average power dissipation in the circuit (ωt + φ)
1 Then, V0 = 5, I0 = 2, φ = π/2
is EoIocosφ.
2 1
P = Vrms I rms cos φ
411. An alternating voltage V = 200 sin 100 t is 2
applied to a series combination R = 30 Ω and 1 π
an inductor of 400 mH. The power factor of the = × 5 × 2 × cos
2 2
circuit is =0
(a) 0.01 (b) 0.2
414. In an A.C. circuit, the current flowing in
(c) 0.05 (d) 0.042 inductance is I=5 sin (100t – π/2) amperes and
(e) 0.6 the potential difference is V= 200sin (100t)
Kerala CEE - 2008 volts. The power consumption is equal to
(a) 1000 watt (b) 40 watt Ans. (a) : Given, power of electric station
(c) 20watt (d) zero P = 100 MW = 100 × 106 W = 108 W
AIIMS-2013 (i) Given, V1 = 20,000 V
Ans. (d) : Given, P 108 108 10000
I1 = = = =
 π V1 20,000 2 ×10 4
2
I = 5sin  100t −  A
 2 I1 = 5000 A
V = 200sin(100t) volts Then rate of heat dissipation,
On comparing equation, V = V0sin(ωt) and I P1 = I12 R
= I0 sin (ωt + φ) P1 = (5000)2 R
P1 = 25 × 106 R W ……(i)
Then, V1 = 200, I1 = 5, φ = π/2
(ii) Given, V2 = 200 V
We know that, power consumption –
P 108
1 I2 = = = 5 ×105 A
P = V1I1 cos φ V2 200
2
1 P2 = I22 R = (5 × 105)2 R
P = × 200 × 5 × cos90 o
P2 = 25 × 1010 RW ……(ii)
2 Comparing equation (i) and equation (ii), we get –
P=0 There will be lesser power wastage when power is
415. In a AC circuit the voltage and current are transmitted at 20,000 V.
 π 417. Average power in the L-C-R circuit depends
described by V = 200 sin  319t −  volts and upon
 6
(a) current
 π (b) phase difference only
I = 50sin  314t +  mA respectively.
 6 (c) emf
The average power dissipated in the circuit is: (d) current, emf and phase difference
(a) 2.5 watts (b) 5.0 watts MHT-CET 2010,2008
(c) 10.0 watts (d) 50.0 watts Ans. (d) : The average power depend upon current, emf
AIIMS-2011, 2010 and phase difference
I V
Ans. (a) : Given, Pavg = 0 0 cos φ
π 2

V = 200 sin  319 t −  V 418. In an AC circuit, the instantaneous values of
 6 emf and current are V = 200 sin (314 t) V and
 π  π
I = 50 sin  314t +  mA I = sin  314t +  A . The average power
 6  3
On comparing equation, V = V0sin(ωt + φ) and I = I0 sin consumed (in W) is
(ωt + φ) (a) 200 (b) 100
(c) 50 (d) 25
Then, V0 = 200 V, I0 = 50 mA = 50 × 10–3 A
MHT-CET 2009
π  π π Ans. (c) : Given,
φ = φ1 – φ2 = −  −  =
6  6 3 V = 200 sin ( 314t )
The average power dissipated in the circuit –
 π
V I I = sin  314t + 
Pavg = 0 0 cosφ  3
2 On comparing equation, V = V0sin(ωt) and I = I0 sin (ωt
200 × 50 × 10−3 + φ)
Pavg = cos 60°
2 π
Then, I0 = 1A, V0 = 200V, φ = = 60°
Pavg = 2.5 W 3
416. An electric power station transmits 100 MW We know that,
power through long and thin cable. If the V I
transmission is at (i) 20000V, (ii) 200V, in Pavg = 0 0 cos φ
2
which case would be less power loss?
200 × 1
(a) In (i) only (b) In (ii) only Pavg = cos 60°
(c) In each case, power loss is zero 2
1
(d) Data is insufficient Pavg = 100 × = 50 W
BCECE-2004 2

419. The average power dissipated in a pure 422. In an AC circuit the instantaneous values of
inductor is : emf and current are
VI 2
1 V = 200 sin300t volt and
(a) (b) VI
4 2  π
i = 2sin  300t +  ampere
(c) Zero (d) VI2  3
Karnataka CET-2015 the average power consumed in watts is
J & K CET - 2002 (a) 200 (b) 100
Ans. (c) : The average power dissipated is (c) 50 (d) 400
Pavg = VI cosφ J&K CET- 2003
Where, cos φ is the power factor. Ans. (b) : Given,
π V = 200 sin 300t
For pure inductor, φ =
2  π
i = 2sin  300t + 
∴ Cos φ or Pavg = 0  3
Hence, there is no power dissipation in pure inductor. On comparing equation, V = V0sin(ωt) and I = I0 sin (ωt
420. The average power dissipated in AC circuit is 2 + φ)
W. If a current flowing through a circuit is 2 A π
impedance is 1 Ω, what is the power factor of Then, V0 = 200 V, I0 = 2 A, φ = = 60°
the AC circuit ? 3
(a) 0.5 (b) 1 We know that,
V I
(c) Zero (d)
1 Pavg = 0 0 cos φ
2
2
200 × 2
Karnataka CET-2014 Pavg = × cos 60°
Ans. (a) : Given, 2
Pavg = 2W Pavg = 100 W
I = 2A 423. In an A.C. circuit the instantaneous values of
Z = 1Ω emf and current are E = 200sin 314t volt and
We know that, 1  π
I = sin  314t +  ampere.
Q Pavg = VrmsIrmscosφ 2  3
Pavg = I rms Z cos φ
2 The average power consumed in watts is
(a) 200 (b) 100
Pavg
Thus, power factor ( cos φ ) = 2 (c) 50 (d) 25
I rms Z J&K CET- 2000
2 Ans. (d) : Given that,
cosφ = 2
2 ×1 E = 200 sin (314t) volts
cosφ = 0.5 1  π
I = sin  314t +  A
421. In R–L–C series circuit, the potential 2  3
differences across each element is 20 V. Now On comparing equation, V = V sin(ωt) and I = I sin (ωt
0 0
the value of the resistance alone is doubled, + φ)
then P.D. across R, L and C respectively.
1
(a) 20V, 10V, 10V (b) 20V, 20V, 20V Then, I0 = A
(c) 20V, 40V, 40V (d) 10V, 20V, 20V 2
Karnataka CET-2013 E 0 = 200 V
Ans. (a) : Given, potential across each element is same, π
φ = = 60°
so circuit at resonance. 3
VL = VC The average power consumed
Q If the value of resistance is doubled then current in I ⋅E
the circuit is half of the initial value Pavg = 0 0 cos φ
2
I
I' = 200 1
2 Pavg = × cos 60°
VR = 20 V 2 2
X I 20 1
VC = VL = L = = 10V Pavg = 50 ×
2 2 2
Pavg = 25 W
424. The power factor of an A.C. circuit having 427. In an AC circuit V and I are given below, then
resistance R and inductance L connected in series find the power dissipated in the circuit V = 50
to an A.C. source of angular frequency ω is  π
sin(50t) volt and I = 50 sin  50t +  mA
(a) Zero (b) ωL/R  3
R (a) 0.625 W (b) 1.25 W
(c) (d) R/ωL
R 2 + ω2 L2 (c) 2.50 W (d) 5.0 W
UP CPMT-2013 AP EAMCET -2015
Ans. (a) : Given,
Ans. (c) :
V = 50 sin 50t
 π
I = 50sin  50t +  mA
 3
 π 
I = 50sin  50t +  ×10 –3 A
 3
We know that, inductive reactance (XL) = ωL On comparing equation, V = V0sin(ωt) and I = I0 sin (ωt
+ φ)
Impedance ( Z ) = R + X L
2 2
Then, V0 = 50, I0 = 50 × 10–3, φ = π/3
Z = R + (ωL)
2 2 We know that,
1
Z = R 2 + ω2 L2 Average power ( P ) = V0 I0 cos φ
2
Power factor of AC circuit, 1 π
R R P = × 50 × 50 × cos × 10 –3
cos φ = = 2 3
Z R 2 + ω2 L2 P = 0. 625 W
425. The power factor of a series L-C-R circuit 428. In an AC circuit the emf (V) and the current (i)
when at resonance is at any instant are given respectively by
(a) zero V = V0 sin ωt, i = i0sin( ωt − φ)
(b) 0.5 The average power in the circuit over one cycle
of AC is
(c) 1.0
(d) depends on values of L,C and R Vi Vi
(a) 0 0 (b) 0 0 sin φ
UP CPMT-2005 2 2
Ans. (c) : In series R, L, C circuit at the condition of V0i 0
(c) cos φ (d) V0i0
resonance, 2
XL = XC AIPMT- 2008
We know that, Ans. (c) : Given,
V = V0 sin ωt
∴ Impedance (Z) = R 2 + ( X L − X C )
2
i = i0 sin (ωt – φ)
Z=R We know that,
R R Average power over one cycle of AC is
∴ Power factor, cos φ = = = 1
Z R Pav = Vrms.Irmscosφ
cosφ = 1 V i
Pav = 0 ⋅ 0 cos(−φ)
426. A choke is preferred to a resistance for limiting 2 2
current in AC circuit because 1
(a) Choke is cheap Pav = V0 i 0 cos(– φ)
2
(b) There is no wastage of power
1
(c) Choke is compact in size Pav = V0 i 0 cos φ
(d) Choke is a good absorber of heat 2
JIPMER-2011 429. In an AC circuit with voltage V and current I
Karnataka CET-2006 the power dissipated is
Ans. (b) : A choke coil is preferred over resistance in (a) Depends on the phase between V and I
A.C. circuit because a choke coil has larger value of self 1
(b) VI
inductance, and negligible resistance used to control 2
current. 1
Hence, power dissipation is zero for choke coil the (c) VI
power factor of choke is very small, only hysteresis loss 2
occurs in iron core. (d) VI
AIPMT- 1997
Ans. (a) : In case of ac circuit, Impedance of L-R-C series circuit
P = VI cosφ |Z| = R 2 + (X L – X C ) 2
∴ P ∝ cosφ
2
Where, φ is the phase is angle between V & I.  1 
|Z| = R 2 +  ωL – 
430. A coil of inductive reactance 31Ω has a  ωC 
resistance of 8Ω. it is placed in series with a R
condenser of capacitive reactance 25Ω. The cos φ =
| Z|
combination is connected to an AC source of
110 V. The power factor of the circuit is Power dissipated,
(a) 0.56 (b) 0.64 P = Vrms Irms cosφ
(c) 0.80 (d) 0.33 ε R
P = ε× ×
AIPMT- 2006 | Z| Z
Ans. (c) : Given that, ε2 R ε2R
XL = 31Ω, R = 8 Ω &, XC = 25 Ω P= 2
= 2
|Z|   1 
2 
According to question,  R +  ωL –  
2
 ωC 
  

εR
2
P=
 2  1  
2
 R +  ωL –  
  ωC  
We know that, impedance of circuit – 432. A resistance ‘R’ draws power ‘P’ when
connected to an AC source. If an inductance is
Z = R + ( X L − XC )
2 2
now placed in series with the resistance, such
that the impedance of the circuit becomes ‘Z’
Z = 82 + (31 – 25) 2 the power drawn will be
2
Z = 64 + 36 R R
Z = 10 (a) P   (b) P
 
Z Z
∴ Power factor,
R
R 8 (c) P   (d) P
cosφ = = Z
Z 10 AIPMT- 2015
Cos φ =0.8 Ans. (a) : Given that, Resistance = R
431. Power dissipated in an L-C-R series circuit Power = P
connected to an AC source of emf ε is We know that,
εR
2
V2
(a) P= ….(i)
 2  1  
2
R
 R +  L ω −   When inductance is placed in series with resistance,
  Cω  
Then, P' = Vrms Irms cosφ
 1 
2 In case of series R-L circuit
ε2 R 2 +  Lω −  R
 Cω  cos φ =
(b) Z
R
V R
  1  
2
P' = V ×   .
ε 2  R 2 +  Lω −   Z Z

  Cω   2
(c) VR
R P' = …..(ii)
Z2
εR
2
Dividing equation (ii) by equation (i), we get–
(d)
 1 
2 V2R
R +  Lω −
2
 P' 2 V2R R
 Cω  = Z2 = 2 × 2
AIPMT- 2009 P V Z V
Ans. (a) : According to question, R
P ' R2
=
P Z2
2
R
P' = P 
Z

433. An inductor 20 mH, a capacitor 50 µF and a Ans. (a) : Given,
resistor 40 Ω are connected in series across a 1
source of emf V = 10 sin340 t. The power loss in Power factor ( cos φ ) =
AC circuit is 2
(a) 0.67 W (b) 0.76 W cosφ = cos45º
(c) 0.89 W (d) 0.51 W φ = 45º
NEET- 2016 We know that,
Ans. (d) : Given, 1
tan φ = (For RC circuit)
L = 20 mH, C = 50 µF, R = 40 Ω, V = 10sin340t ωRC
1
tan 45º =
ωRC
1
1=
ωRC
Q XL = ωL = 340 × 20 × 10–3 (ω = 340) ωRC = 1 ……(i)
XL = 6.8 Ω Case II :- When frequency become halved
1 1 ω
XC = = = 58.8Ω ω' =
ωC 340 × 50 ×10 –6
2
We know that, impedance – 1
tan φ′ =
| Z |= R + (X L – X c )
2 2 ω ′ RC
1
|Z| = (40) 2 + (6.8 – 58.8) 2 tan φ′ =
ω
RC
|Z| = 4304 2
Power dissipated, 1 2
tan φ ' = =
 Vrms 
2
ωRC 1
P = I2rms R =   .R tanφ' = 2
 Z 
( )
2
 10 / 2 
P =  × 40
 Z 
100
P= × 40 Now, new power factor is
2 × 4304
1 1
P = 0.4646 cos φ′ = =
P  0.51 W 2 +1
2 2
5
434. In an AC series circuit, the instantaneous 1
cos φ′ =
current is maximum when the instantaneous 5
voltage is maximum. The circuit element
connected to the source will be (F) Dynamo, Transformer Inductance
(a) pure inductor
(Step-up, step-down, Efficiency)
(b) pure capacitor
(c) pure resistor losses (Flux, Copper, Iron,
(d) combination of a capacitor and an inductor Hysteresis losses, Humming losses)
DCE-2009
Ans. (c) : In an AC series circuit, the instantaneous 436. A 12 V, 60W lamp is connected to the
current is maximum when the instantaneous voltage is secondary of a step down transformer, whose
maximum. The circuit element connected to the source primary is connected to ac mains of 220 V.
will be pure resistor. Assuming the transformer to be ideal, what is
the current in the primary winding?
1 (a) 2.7 A (b) 3.7 A
435. The power factor of a CR circuit is . If the
2 (c) 0.37 A (d) 0.27 A
frequency of ac signal is halved, then the power NEET (UG)-07.05.2023
factor of the circuit becomes Ans. (d) : For ideal Transformer-
1 1 VSIS = VPIP
(a) (b)
5 7 ⇒ Pout = Pin
1 1 ⇒ 60 = 220 × IP
(c) (d)
3 11 60
IP = = 0.27A
AP EAMCET(Medical)-2016 220

437. An ideal transformer with purely resistive load Ans. (b) : For ideal transformer if the number of turns
operates at 12 kV on the primary side. It in the secondary coil is greater than the number of turns
supplies electrical energy to a number of in the primary coil of a transformer, it will result in an
nearby houses at 120 V. The average rate of increase in voltage in the secondary coil compared to
energy consumption in the house served by the the voltage in the primary coil. This is because the
transformer is 60 kW. The value of resistive voltage induced in the secondary coil is proportional to
load (Rs) required in the secondary circuit will the number of turns in the coil.
be ____mΩ. 440. A transformer is used to light a 100 W, 110 V
JEE Main-06.04.2023, Shift-I lamp from a 220 V supply. If the supply
Ans. (240) : Given, Vp = 12× 103 volts current is 0.6A, the efficiency of the
Vs = 120 volts transformer is
Ps = 60 kW = Vs × Is (a) 66% (b) 76%
60 ×103 (c) 86% (d) 96%
Is = = 5 × 102 A COMEDK 2015
120
We know that, Ans. (b) : Given, P = 100 W, Vp = 220 V, Ip = 0.6 A
The efficiency of transformer
V 120
RL = s = Output
Is 5 ×102 η= ×100
Input
RL = 24 × 10 −2 = 240 × 10−3 Ω 100
RL = 240 mΩ. η% = ×100 = 75.75%  76%
220 × 0.6
438. From the given transfer characteristic of a 441. A transformer is used to light a 100 W and 110
transistor in CE configuration, the value of V lamp from a 220 V mains. If the main
power gain of this configuration is 10x, for RB = current is 0.5 A, the efficiency of the
10 kΩ and RC = 1 kΩ. The value of x is transformer is approximately
________. (a) 30% (b) 50%
(c) 90% (d) 10%
AIPMT- 2007, Assam CEE-31.07.2022
Kerala CEE - 2010, JCECE-2008
Karnataka CET-2015, MHT-CET 2008
JIPMER-2009, UP CPMT-2008
Ans. (c) : Given,
Output power (Poutput) = 100W
JEE Main-13.04.2023, Shift-I Voltage in primary coil (VP) = 220V
Current in primary coil (IP) = 0.5A
Ans. (3) : Given, RC = 1 kΩ, RB = 10 kΩ
We know that,
Po / p
η= × 100
PI / p
100
= × 100
VP I P
100
η= ×100
220 × 0.5
Since, ∆IC = 10 mA = 10 × 10–3 A η = 90.9%
∆IB = 100 µA = 100 × 10–6 A η  90%
∆IC 10 ×10−3 10 ×103 442. In a transformer 220 AC voltage is increased to
∴ β= = = = 100 2200 V. If the number of turns in the secondary
∆IB 100 × 10−6 100
are 2000, then find the number of turns in the
2 RC primary:
Power gain = β
RB (a) 200 (b) 100
1 (c) 50 (d) 20
= (100)2× = 103 AP EAMCET-25.09.2020, Shift-I
10 AP EAPCET-12.07.2022, Shift-II
So, power gain of this configuration is 10x, then value
of x is 3. Ans. (a) : Given,
439. For an ideal transformer, if Ns > Np then_____ Voltage in primary coil (V1) = 220V
(a) Vs < Vp (b) Vs > Vp Voltage in secondary coil (V2) = 2200V
(c) Vs = Vp (d) None of these Number of turns in secondary coil (N2) = 2000
GUJCET 18.04.2022 Number of turns in primary coil (N1) = ?

We know that, I 2 V2
Or I1 =
V1 N1 V1
Q =
V2 N 2 720 × 5 × 10−3
I1 = = 30 ×10−3 A
220 N1 120
=
2200 2000 I1 = 30 mA
N1 = 200 445. The quantity, which remain unchanged in a
443. A transformer operating at primary voltage 8 transformer, is
kV and secondary voltage 160 V serves a load (a) voltage (b) current
of 80 kW. Assuming the transformer to be ideal (c) frequency (d) None of these
with purely resistive load and working on unity CG PET-22.05.2022,2013
power factor, the loads in the primary and J&K CET- 2005, 2004, SRMJEEE - 2016
secondary circuit would be Ans. (c) : Power is conserved in the transformer.
(a) 800 Ω and 1.06 Ω (b) 10 Ω and 500 Ω The product of the voltage and current remains the
(c) 800 Ω and 0.32 Ω (d) 1.06 Ω and 500 Ω same in both coils. This means that the quantity that
JEE Main-28.07.2022, Shift-II remains unchanged in a transformer is the apparent
Ans. (c) : Given, power which is the product of the voltage and current in
Primary voltage (V1) = 8 kV = 8000 V each coil. In other words, the transformer only changes
the voltage and current but unchanged the frequency to
Secondary voltage (V2) = 160 V avoid hysteresis and eddy current losses.
Let resistance on secondary Load is Rs
446. A step down transformer connected to an AC
V2 mains supply of 220 V is made to operate at
Q Po/P = 2
Rs 11V, 44W lamp. Ignoring power losses in the
transformer, what is the current in the primary
(160) 2 circuit ?
80 KW =
Rs (a) 0.2 A (b) 0.4 A
160 × 160 (c) 2 A (d) 4A
∴ Rs = NEET- 2021
80 × 1000
Ans. (a) : Given,
Rs = 0.32Ω
Primary voltage (V1) = 220 V
Q Transformer is ideal, Secondary voltage (V2) = 11 V
Input power = output power Power output = 44W
V12 Q There is no power loss,
= 80 ×1000
Rp Input power = Output power
V1I1 = 44
V12 (8000) 2
Rp = = 44
80 × 1000 80 × 1000 I1 =
220
8000 × 8000
= I1 = 0.2A
80 × 1000 447. How much current is given drawn by the
Rp = 800 Ω primary coil of a transformer, which steps
Rs = 0.32Ω down 220 V to 55 V to operate a device with an
444. A cell phone charger consists of a stepdown impedance of 275 Ω?
transformer to convert AC voltage of 120 V to (a) 0.05 A (b) 0.02 A
AC voltage of 5.0 V. If the secondary coil (c) 0.2 A (d) 0.15 A
contains 30 turns and charger supplies 720 mA, TS EAMCET 05.08.2021, Shift-I
calculate the current in the primary coil. Ans. (a) : Given,
(a) 12 mA (b) 30 mA Primary voltage = 220V
(c) 85 mA (d) 160 mA Secondary voltage = 55V
TS EAMCET 31.07.2022, Shift-II Output resistance = 275 Ω
Ans. (b) : Given, 55
Primary voltage (V1) = 120V Current driven in secondary ( I 2 ) =
275
Secondary voltage (V2) = 5V
We know that,
Turns in secondary coil = 30
V1 I 2
Output current or secondary current = 720 mA =
We know that, V2 I1
V1 I 2 IV
= I1 = 2 2
V2 I1 V1
Putting these values, we get –
55 × 55 3025 2
I1 = = 451. Alternating current of peak value   A flows
275 × 220 60500 π
I1 = 0.05A through the primary coil of transformer. The
448. A transformer works on the principle of coefficient of mutual inductance between
(a) Self-induction primary and secondary coil is 1 H. The peak
e.m.f. induced in secondary coil is (Frequency
(b) Electrical inertia
of a.c. = 50 Hz)
(c) Magnetic effect of electric current (a) 100 V (b) 400 V
(d) Mutual induction (c) 300 V (d) 200 V
AP EAMCET (18.09.2020) Shift-I MHT-CET 2020
AP EAMCET (25.08.2021) Shift-I Ans. (d) : Given that,
Ans. (d) : A transformer is an electrical device that 2
works on the principle of electromagnetic induction to Alternating current (Io) = A
transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another by π
means of mutual induction between two coils. Frequency of A.C (f) = 50 Hz
L = 1H
449. The core used in a transformer is laminated in
order to We know that,
(a) increase magnetic field ω = 2πf
(b) increases residual magnetism ω = 2 × π × 50
(c) decreases the eddy currents in the core ω = 100π
(d) increases the eddy currents in the core As we know that alternating current flowing through the
coil-
AP EAMCET-25.09.2020, Shift-I I = Io sinωt
On differentiating w.r.t, we get-
SRMJEEE-2017, Kerala CEE - 2011
dI
UPSEE - 2010, MP PMT-2009, AIPMT- 2006, = Io ω cos ωt
CG PET- 2005, 2004, Karnataka CET-2001 dt
Ans. (c) : The core of transformer is typically made of Rate of current is maximum when,
ferromagnetic material such as iron or steel, which are cos ωt = 1
excellent conductors of magnetic flux. When a dI
So, = Io ω
transformer operates, the changing magnetic field in the dt
core can induce electric current called eddy currents in dI 2
the core material. = ×100π
The lamination are typically coated with a thin layer of dt π
insulating material such as varnish or oxide, to prevent dI
= 200A / s
the flow of eddy currents through the material. The dt
laminated core also reduces the magnetic losses in the dI
transformer, improving its efficiency and reducing heat Hence, peak emf induced in secondary (ε) = L
dt
generation.
ε = 1 × 200
450. The peak current through a 200 mH inductor ε = 200V
connected to an AC source of peak value 210V
and frequency 50 Hz is ______ 452. A step down transformer has a turns ratio 20 :
(a) 1.5 A (b) 3.3 A 1. If 8 V are developed across 0.4 Ω secondary,
then the primary current will be
(c) 8.5 A (d) 5.5 A
(a) 4 A (b) 1 A
(c) 2 A (d) 0.5 A
Ans. (b) : Given, MHT-CET 2020
Voltage = 210 V Ans. (b) : Given that,
Inductance (L) = 220 mH = 220 × 10–3 H
N P 20 VP IS
Frequency (f) = 50 Hz = = =
Impedance across inductor is, NS 1 VS I P
XL = ωL = 2πfL We know that,
XL = 2π × 50 × 200 ×10–3 V
IS =
XL = 62.83 R
V 210 8
Peak current = = IS =
X L 62.83 0.4
Ipeak = 3.34 A 8
IS =
Ipeak = 3.3 A 4 /10
IS = 20 A

NS Ans. (a) : For a real transformer
Q IP = IS × input power = Pi
NP
output power = Po
1
∴ I P = 20 × Or Pi > Po
20 Output power is always less than the input power
IP = 1 A because different losses take place in transformer like
453. A step-up transformer has 300 turns of iron loss, core loss etc.
primary winding and 450 turns of secondary 456. The primary of a transformer has 100 turns
winding. A primary is connected to 150 volt and operates at 100V-200W. The number of
and the current flowing through it is 9A. The turns in the secondary, if the output voltage is
current and voltage in the secondary are 2000 V, then
(a) 4.5 A, 100 V (b) 13.5 A, 225 V (a) 2000 (b) 200
(c) 13.5 A, 100 V (d) 6.0 A, 225 V (c) 100 (d) 500
MHT-CET 2020 AP EAMCET (21.09.2020) Shift-II
Ans. (d) : Given that, Ans. (a) : Given that,
NS = 450 turns Primary turns (NP)= 100
NP = 300 turns Primary voltage (VP)= 100 V
VP = 150 V Secondary voltage (VS) = 2000 V
IP = 9A From equation of transformer,
From transformer ratio, NS VS
NS VS I P =
= = N P VP
N P VP IS
N P × VS 100 × 2000
NS VS NS = =
So, = VP 100
N P VP NS = 2000
450 VS 457. Find the current through the primary coil (P)
=
300 150 of the transformer shown below.
150 × 450
= VS
300
VS = 225V
VS I P
Now, =
VP IS
VP (a) 0.08 A (b) 0.04 A
IS = I P × (c) 0.02 A (d) 0.01 A
VS
AP EAMCET (21.09.2020) Shift-I
9 × 150 Ans. (c) : Given that,
IS =
225 Primary voltage (V1) = 230 V,
IS = 6.0 A Secondary voltage (V2) = 23V ,
454. In a step-up transformer, relation between Resistance (R) = 115Ω
number of turns in primary (NP) and number V 23
of turns in secondary (NS) coils is Current in secondary (I2) = 2 =
(a) NS is greater than NP R 115
(b) NP is greater than NS From voltage current relation in transformer
(c) NS is equal to NP V1 I 2
=
(d) NP = 2 Ns V2 I1
COMEDK 2020 IV 23 23
J&K CET- 2008 I1 = 2 2 = ×
V1 115 230
Ans. (a) : In a step-up transformer, the number of turns
in primary coil is less than the number turns in I1 = 0.02 A
secondary coil . 458. An ideal transformer has 500 turns in the
primary and 2500 in the secondary. The
Ns
∴ >1 meters of the secondary are indicating 200 V, 8
Np A, under these conditions. What would the
N s > N p. meters of the primary read?
455. What is correct for real transformer? (a) 100 V, 16A (b) 40 V, 40 A
(a) Pi > P0 (b) Pi < P0 (c) 160 V, 10 A (d) 80 V, 20 A
(c) Pi = P0 (d) All are correct CG PET- 2006
GUJCET 2020 AP EAMCET (21.09.2020) Shift-II
Ans. (b) : Given that, 461. The input voltage of an ideal transformer is
Primary turns (N1) = 500 1000 V and input current is 50 A. If the output
Secondary turns (N2) = 2500 voltage is 220 V, then find the resistance of
Secondary voltage (V2) = 200 V secondary coil.
Current in secondary ( I2) = 8A (a) 2 Ω (b) 3 Ω
We know that, (c) 1 Ω (d) 4 Ω
N1 V1 AIIMS-26.05.2019(E) Shift-2
=
N 2 V2 Ans. (c) : Given, VP = 1000 V, IP = 50A, VS = 220V
500 V We know that, for an ideal transformer-
= 1
2500 200 Pin = Pout
500 × 200 Vs2
V1 = = 40V VP IP =
2500 Rs
V1 I 2
And = Putting these value, we get–
V2 I1
( 220 )
2
40 8 1000 × 50 =
= R
200 I1
484
8 × 200 R= = .968 ≈ 1 Ω
I1 = = 40A 500
40
I1 = 40 A N1 50
462. A transformer with turns ratio = is
Hence, the reading on primary meter is 40V, 40A . N2 1
459. A step up transformer has turn ratio 10:1. A connected to a 120 volt AC supply. If primary
cell of emf 2V is fed to the primary, then the and secondary circuit resistance are 1.5 kΩ and
secondary voltage developed is 1 Ω respectively then find out power output.
(a) 20 V (b) 10 V (a) 5.76 W (b) 11.4 W
(c) 2 V (d) zero (c) 2.89 W (d) 7.56 W
Manipal UGET -2020
AIIMS-25.05.2019(M) Shift-1
Ans. (d) : Transformer works only on AC voltage. It
can't work with DC supply. So, if a cell is connected to Ans. (a) : Given,
its primary then output across secondary is always zero. R1 = 1.5 KΩ
460. A 220 V input is supplied to a transformer. The R2 = 1 Ω
output circuit draws a current of 2.0 A at 440 N1 50
V. If the ratio of output to input power is 0.8 =
N2 1
then, the current drawn by primary winding is
(a) 2.8 A (b) 2.5 A V1 = 120 Volts
(c) 5.0 A (d) 3.6 A We know that,
MHT-CET 2019 N1 V1
Ans. (c) : Given, =
N 2 V2
VP = 220V
VS = 440V Putting these value, we get–
IS = 2.0A 50 120
=
P 1 V2
η = 0 = 0.8
PI 12
V2 = Volt
We know that, 5
2
Output power  12 
Efficiency of transformer ( η ) =  
2
Input power
=  =
V 5 144
And Poutput = 2
= 5.76W
P V I R2 1 25
η= O = S S
PI VP I P 463. In a transformer, number of turns in the
440 × 2.0 primary are 140 and that in the secondary are
0.8 = 280. If current in primary is 4 A, then that in
220 × I P
the secondary is.
2 × 2.0 (a) 4 A (b) 2 A
IP =
0.8 (c) 6 A (d) 10 A
IP = 5.0A AIIMS-25.05.2019(E) Shift-2
Ans. (b) : Given, Poutput
Number of turns in primary coil (NP) = 140 η=
Pinput
Number of turns secondary coil (NS) = 280
Primary current (IP) = 4A V2 I 2
0.8 =
We know that, V1I1
N V I V2 I 2 440 × 2
Transformer ratio, P = P = S I1 = =
NS VS I P 0.8 × 220 0.8 × 220
I1 = 5A
N P IS
= 466. A step-up transformer operates on a 230 V line
NS I P and a load current of 2 A. The ratio of primary
140 Is and secondary windings is 1 : 25. Then, the
= current in the primary is :
280 4
(a) 25 A (b) 50 A
IS = 2A
(c) 15 A (d) 12.5A
464. A transformer consists of 500 turn in primary Karnataka CET-2018
coil and 10 turns in secondary coil with the load
Ans. (b) : Given,
of 10Ω. Find out current in the primary coil
when the voltage across secondary coil is 50 V. N1 1
=
1 N 2 25
(a) 5A (b) A
10 Load current (I2) = 2A
1 From the transformer ratio,
(c) 10A (d) A N1 V1 I 2
20 = =
AIIMS-26.05.2019(M) Shift-1 N 2 V2 I1
Ans. (b) : Given, 1 I2
=
N1 = 500 turn 25 I1
N2 = 10 turn I1 = I2 × 25 = 2 ×25
V2 = 50 volt I1 = 50A
We know that, 467. An ideal transformer converts 220 V a.c. to 3.3
N1 V1 kV a.c. to transmit a power of 4.4 kW. If
Q =
N 2 V2 primary coil has 600 turns, then alternating
current in secondary coil is
Or V1 = 50 × 50 = 2500V
1 4
V 50 (a) A (b) A
And I2 = 2 = = 5A 3 3
R 10
5 7
V1 I 2 (c) A (d) A
∴ = 3 3
V2 I1 MHT-CET 2018
I 2 V2 5 × 50 1 Ans. (b) : Given, VP = 220 V
I1 = = =
V1 2500 10 VS = 3.3 kV
1 P = 4.4 kW
I1 = A NP = 600 turns, IS = ?
10
465. A 220 V input is supplied to a transformer. The From transformer ratio,
output circuit draws a current of 2.0 A at 440 NS VS I P
= =
V. If the efficiency of the transformer is 80%, N P VP IS
the current drawn by the primary windings of
the transformer is For ideal transformer,
(a) 3.6 A (b) 2.8 A P = VP I P
(c) 2.5 A (d) 5.0 A 4.4 × 1000 = IP × 220
Assam CEE-2018 IP = 20 A
AIPMT- 2010 V
Q IS = I P × P
Ans. (d) : Given, VS
Input voltage (V1) = 220V 220 × 20
Output current (I2) = 2A IS =
3300
Output voltage (V2) = 440V
Efficiency (η)= 80% = 0.8 4
IS = A
We know that, 3

468. A current of 5 A is flowing at 220 V in the 471. A transformer is used to glow a 140 W – 24 V
primary coil of a transformer. If the voltage bulb at 240 V AC. If current in the primary
produced in secondary coil is 2200 V and 50% coil is 0.7A, then the efficiency of the
of power is lost, then the current in the transformer is
secondary coil is– (a) 16.7% (b) 50%
(a) 0.25 A (b) 2.5 A (c) 83.3% (d) 25%
(c) 0.5 A (d) 5 A CG PET -2018
BCECE-2018 UPSEE - 2007
Ans. (a) : Given, Kerala CEE 2012
Current in the primary coil (IP) = 5 A Ans. (c) : Given that,
Potential difference across primary coil (VP) = 220 V Input voltage = 240 V
VS = 2200V Primary coil current = 0.7 A
Output power is half of input power – Output power = 140 W
PS = 0.5 PP Power input = V × I
VS IS = 0.5 VP IP P = 240 × 0.7
2200 × IS = 0.5 × 220 × 5 P = 168.0 W
0.5 × 220 × 5 ∴ Efficiency of transformer,
IS =
2200 Poutput 140
η% = × 100 = ×100
IS = 0.25A Pinput 168
469. The number of turns in primary and secondary η = 83.33%
coils of a transformer is 50 and 200
respectively. If the current in the primary coil 472. A distribution transformer with an efficiency of
is 4 A, then the current in the secondary coil is 90% supplies to a colony of 10 homes. All the
(a) 1 A (b) 2 A 10 homes have electrical oven running at the
(c) 4 A (d) 5 A same time, that draw 20 A current from 220 V
lines. The power dissipated as heat in the
EAMCET-2018
transformer is
Ans. (a) : Given that, (a) 12.2 kW (b) 4.9 kW
NP = 50, NS = 200, IP = 4A, IS = ? (c) 8.4 kW (d) 9.9 kW
We know that, in a transformer TS-EAMCET-07.05.2018, Shift-1
N P IS Ans. (b) : Given that,
=
NS IP Efficiency of transformer (η) = 90%
50 IS V = 220 volt, I = 20A
= We know that,
200 4
IS = 1A P1 = 10 VI = 10 × 220 × 20 = 44 × 103 W
So, power delivered by transformer
470. A transformer has 100 turns in the primary
100 10
coil and carries 8A current. If input power is P2 = × P1 = × 44 × 103
1kW, the number of turns in secondary coil to 90 9
have 500V of output will be P2 = 48.9 × 103 W
(a) 100 (b) 200 ∴ Power dissipated as heat
(c) 400 (d) 300 PH = P2 – P1
JCECE-2018 PH = (48.9 – 44) × 103
Ans. (c) : Given that, PH = 4.9 × 103
Primary number of turns = 100 PH = 4.9 kW
Primary current = 8A 473. In a step-up transformer the voltage in the
Input power = 1kW primary is 220 V and the current is 5 A. The
Power = V.I secondary voltage is found to be 22000 V. The
1000 = 500.I current in the secondary (neglect losses) is
I = 2A (a) 5 A (b) 50 A
Now, from the transformers equation – (c) 500 A (d) 0.05 A
I1 N 2 Manipal UGET-2018
=
I 2 N1 Ans. (d) : Given that,
8 N2 Primary voltage (V1) = 220V
=
2 100 Primary current (I1) = 5A,
N2 = 400 Secondary voltage (V2) = 22000V
For Transformer, Ans. (d) : Step-up transformer are used to increase the
V1 I 2 voltage of an alternating current (AC) power source.
= They consist of two coils of wire wrapped around a
V2 I1
magnetic core, where the coil with fewer turns is called
Putting these value, we get – the primary coil, and the coil with more turns is called
220 I the secondary coil.
= 2
22000 5 477. An electric motor driven pump fills an
1 I overhead tank placed at a height of 20m from
= 2 the ground- level pump at a rate of 20,000 liter
100 5
water per hour. The motor has an operating
1 resistance of 22Ω and is connected across a 220
I2 =
20 V source. The efficiency of this motor is
I2 = 0.05 A (Use g = 9.8 m/s2)
474. A transformer of 100% efficiency has 200 turns (a) 12.5% (b) 73.5%
in the primary and 40000 turns in secondary. It (c) 49.5% (d) 22.5%
is connected to a 220 V main supply and TS EAMCET(Medical)-2017
secondary feeds to a 100 kΩ resistance. The Ans. (c) : Given,
potential difference per turn is Rate of volume of water,
(a) 1.1 V (b) 25 V
20000 × 10 –3 3 20 3
(c) 18 V (d) 11 V V = 20000 liter/hr = m /s= m /s
Manipal UGET-2018 60 × 60 3600
Ans. (a) : Given, Mass of the water pumped per second,
Number of turns in primary coil (N1) = 200 1000 × 20
m= kg
Number of turns in secondary coil (N2) = 40000 3600
Primary voltage (V1) = 220 V We know that, input power of motor –
Secondary resistance (R2) = 100 kΩ = 105Ω V2
PI / p =
We know that, R
N1 V1 (220)2 220 × 220
= PI / p = = = 10 × 220
N 2 V2 22 22
V1 N 2 PI/p = 2200W
Or V2 =
N1 And, output power,
Putting these value, we get – 20
Po/p = mgh = 1000 × × 9.8 × 20
220 × 40000 3600
V2 = Po/p = 1088.98 W
200
∴ Potential difference per turn P
∴ Efficiency ( η ) = o / p × 100
V2 220 × 40,000 Pi / p
=
N 2 200 × 40,000 1088.89
η= × 100
V2 22 2200
= = 1.1V
N2 20 η = 49.5%
475. Which one of the following devices changes low 478. The output of a step down transformer is
voltage alternating current to high voltage measured to be 48 V when connected to a 12 W
alternating current and vice versa? bulb. The value of peak current is :
(a) Generator (b) Motor 1
(a) A (b) 2A
(c) Transformer (d) Vibrator 2
NDA (I) 2017 1 1
Ans. (c) : The definition of transformer state that – (c) A (d) A
2 2 4
It changes low voltage of high current into high voltage of
Karnataka CET-2017
low current and vice versa without change in frequency.
Ans. (c) : Given,
476. Step-up transformers are used for
Output voltage = 48V = Vrms
(a) increasing electrical power
Power = 12W
(b) decreasing electrical power
We know that,
(c) decreasing voltage
V2
(d) increasing voltage P = rms
NDA (II) 2017 R
2
Vrms 48 × 48 (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
Or R= = = 4 × 48 Reason is the correct explanation of
P 12 Assertion.
R = 192 (b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
Current in secondary coil, Reason is not the correct explanation of
V 48 1 Assertion
I rms = rms = =
R 192 4 (c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
1 (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect
Irms = A AIIMS-2017
4
∴ Value of peak current– Ans. (d) Laminated core is used in transformer to
decrease eddy currents so decreasing in eddy current,
Ipeak= 2 Irms increases the efficiency of transformer.
1 482. The number of turns in the coil of an A.C.
Ipeak = 2×
4 generator are 100 and its cross-sectional area is
2.5 m2. The coil is revolving in a uniform
2× 2 1
Ipeak = = magnetic field of strength 0.3 T with the
4 2 2 2 uniform angular velocity of 60 rad/s. The value
1 of maximum value produced is _____ kV.
I peak = A (a) 1.25 (b) 4.50
2 2
(c) 6.75 (d) 2.25
479. The working of magnetic braking of trains is
based on GUJCET 2017
(a) eddy current (b) pulsating current Ans. (b) : Given,
(c) alternating current (d) steady current Number of turns in the coil (N) = 100
Karnataka CET-2017 Area (A) = 2.5 m2
Ans. (a) : The working of magnetic braking of trains is Magnetic field (B) = 0.3 T
based on eddy current. Angular velocity (ω) = 60 rad/s
480. A transformer having efficiency of 90% is We know that,
working on 200 V and 3 kW power supply. If εmax = NBAω
the current in the secondary coil is 6 A the εmax = 100 × 0.3 × 2.5 × 60
voltage across the secondary coil and the εmax = 4500 volt
current in the primary coil respectively are- εmax= 4.5 kV
(a) 300 V, 15 A (b) 450 V, 15 A
483. A transformer of efficiency 90% has turns
(c) 450 V, 13.5 A (d) 600 V, 15 A
ratio 1:10. If the voltage across the primary is
BCECE-2017 220 V and current in the primary is 0.5 A, then
Ans. (b) : the current in secondary is
P (a) 5.5 A (b) 5 A
Efficiency of the transformer (η) = S
PP (c) 4 A (d) 4.5A
Where, PS = power of the secondary coil JCECE-2017
PP = power of the primary coil Ans. (d) : Given that,
PP = 3 kW = 3000W Efficiency of transformer = 90%
PS Number of turns ratio = 1 : 10
η(0.9) = Voltage across the primary coil = 220V
3000
Current in primary coil = 0.5A
PS = 0.9 × 3000 = 2700W
Then PS = VS IS NS 1
=
2700 N P 10
= VS
6 EP = 220 V
VS = 450 V IP = 0.5 A.
Then, PP = VP IP η = 90%
3000 P VI
= IP η = out = S S
200 Pin VP I P
IP = 15A
1 Is
481. Assertion: A laminated core is used in 0.9 = ×
transformers to increase eddy currents. 10 0.5
Reason: The efficiency of a transformer IS = 0.9 × 5
increases with increase in eddy currents. IS = 4.5 A
484. A transformer is employed to Poutput
(a) obtain a suitable DC voltage And %η =
Pinput
(b) convert DC to AC voltage
(c) obtain a suitable AC voltage 80 V2 I 2
∴ =
(d) convert AC to DC voltage 100 V1I1
CG PET- 2017 80 200 × I2
Ans. (c) : A transformer is employed to obtain a =
100 100 × 40
suitable AC voltage, which means that it is being used
Or I2 = 16A
to step-up (increases voltage from primary to
secondary) or step down (decreases voltage from 488. A transformer has 200 turns in primary and
primary to secondary) the voltage from the input to the 150 turns in secondary. If the operating voltage
output. at the load connected to the secondary is
measured to be 300V, the voltage supplied at
485. Which of the following is most suitable for the
the primary is
core of electromagnets?
(a) 230V (b) 400V
(a) Air (b) Soft iron
(c) 480 V (d) 660V
(c) Steel (d) Cu- Ni alloy
CG PET- 2015
CG PET- 2010
AIIMS - 1998 Ans. (b) : Given that,
Number of turns in primary coil (N1) = 200
Ans. (b) : Electromagnet is a magnet which should be
turn ON and Off with current is turn on. Soft iron is the Number of turns in secondary coil (N2) = 150
material which used as a electromagnet because it can Voltage in secondary coil (V2) = 300 V
be magnetise with current turn ON & demagnetise with We know that,
current turn Off and soft iron is highly ferromagnetic. N1 V1
=
486. The number of turns in primary coil of a N 2 V2
transformer is 20 and the number of turns in
200 V1
the secondary is 10. If the voltage across the ∴ =
primary is 220 V, what is the voltage across the 150 300
secondary? 200 × 300
V1 =
(a) 110 V (b) 130 V 150
(c) 190 V (d) 310 V V1 = 400 V
Manipal UGET-2010 489. Which types of losses do not occur in the
Ans. (a) : Given that, transformer?
Number of turns in primary coil (N1) = 20 (a) Iron losses (b) Copper losses
Number of turns in secondary coil (N2) = 10 (c) Mechanical losses (d) flux leakage
Voltage across primary coil (V1) = 220 V CG PET- 2008
We know that, MP PET-2008
N1 V1
= Ans. (c) : Transformer core is code of stripped staining
N 2 V2 on each other in which eddy current loss, copper loss
V1 N 2 220 × 10 and two leakage possible but in transformer there is no
V2 = = = 110 V mechanical moment so no mechanical loss take place in
Nl 20 transformer.
V2 = 110 V 490. Which quantity is increased in step down
487. A transformer with efficiency 80% works at 4 transformer?
kW and 100 V. If the secondary voltage is 200 (a) Current (b) Voltage
V, then the primary and secondary currents
(c) Power (d) Frequency
are respectively
(a) 40 A, 16A (b) 16 A, 40A CG PET- 2007
(c) 20 A, 40A (d) 40 A, 20A Ans. (a) : In a step-down transformer, the output
CG PET -2016 voltage is lower than the input voltage, while the output
current is higher than the input current.
Ans. (a) : Given,
According to the transformer equation,
Pinput = 4 kW = 4000 W,
Primary voltage (V1) = 100 V Vprimary N primary
=
Secondary voltage (V2) = 200 V, Vsecondary N secondary
Efficiency of transformer = 80% Here, power is conserved in the transformer. Product of
We know that, the voltage and current remains the same in both coils.
Pinput = V1 I1 Therefore, if the voltage is decreased in the secondary
4000 = 100 × I1 coil, the current must be increased in order to keep the
I1 = 40 A power constant.
491. The number of turns in primary and secondary 494. A transformer has an efficiency of 80%. It is
coils of a transformer is 50 and 200 connected to a power input of 5 kW at 200V. If
respectively. If the current in the primary coil the secondary voltage is 250 V, the primary
is 4A, then the current in the secondary coil is and secondary currents are respectively
(a) 1A (b) 2A (c) 4A (d) 5A (a) 25 A, 20 A (b) 20 A, 16 A
UPSEE - 2012 (c) 25 A, 16 A (d) 40 A, 25 A
Ans. (a) : Given that, (e) 40 A, 16 A
Number of turn in primary coil (N1) = 50
Kerala CEE 2007
Number of turn in secondary coil (N2) = 200
Current in primary coil (I1) = 4 A Ans. (c) : Given that,
We know that, Efficiency of transformer ( η) = 80 %
N1 I2 Power input (Pinput) = 5000 W
=
N 2 I1 Primary voltage (Vinput) = 200 V
NI Secondary voltage (Vs) = 250 V
I2 = 1 1 We know that,
N2
P
50 × 4 η = output
I2 = = 1A Pinput
200
492. A generator at a utility company produces 100 80 Poutput
A of current at 4000 V. The voltage is stepped =
up to 240000 V by a transformer before it is 100 5000
sent on a high voltage transmission line. The Poutput = 4000W
current in transmission line is P
(a) 3.67 A (b) 2.67 A And Ip = input
Vinput
(c) 1.67 A (d) 2.40 A
UPSEE - 2009 5000
Ip = = 25A.
Ans. (c) : Given that, 200
Primary current (I1) = 100 A Poutput 4000
Primary voltage (V1) = 4000 V Is = = = 16 A
Vs 250
Stepped-up voltage (V2) = 240000
V1 I 2 495. A step-down transformer is used on a 1000 V
= line to deliver 20 A at 120 V at the secondary
V2 I1 coil. If the efficiency of the transformer is 80%,
V1I1 4000 × 100 40 the current drawn from the line is:
I2 = = =
V2 240000 24 (a) 3 A (b) 30 A
(c) 0.3 A (d) 2.4 A
I2 = 1.666
(e) 24 A
I2 ≈ 1.67 A
Kerala CEE 2005
493. A step-down transformer increases the input
current 4 A to 24 A at the secondary. If the Ans. (a) : Given that,
number of turns in the primary coil is 330, the Primary voltage (V1) = 1000V
number of turns in the secondary coil is Secondary voltage (V2) = 120V
(a) 60 (b) 50 Secondary current (I2) = 20A
(c) 65 (d) 45 Efficiency = 80%
(e) 55
We know that,
Kerala CEE- 2014
Power output VI
Ans. (e) : Given that, Efficiency of transformer = = 2 2]
Primary current (I1) = 4A, Power Input V1I1
Secondary current (I2) = 24A, 80 120 × 20
Number of turns (N1) = 330 turns =
100 1000 × I1
From transformers equation –
N1 I2 I1 = 3 A
= 496. The transformation ratio in the step-up
N 2 I1
transformer is
330 24 (a) 1
=
N2 4 (b) greater than one
330 (c) less than one
=6 (d) the ratio greater or less than one depends on
N2
the other factors
N2 = 55
JCECE-2012
Ans. (b) : We know that, 499. In a step-up transformer the turn ratio is 1 : 8.
Transformer ratio is given by A lead accumulator (emf = 6 V) is connected
across the primary coil of the transformer. The
N E
K= S = S voltage across the secondary coil is :
NP EP (a) 48 V (b) 0.75 V
Where, NP = Number of turns of in primary coil (c) 14 V (d) zero
NS = Number of turns of in secondary coil JCECE-2006
EP = Emf's of primary coil Ans. (d) : Lead accumulator battery is a DC power
ES = Emf's of secondary coil supply source and transformer is based on the principle
For a step-up transformer, ES > EP of mutual induction and works on AC Power supply.
∴ K>1 Voltage across secondary is zero.
For a step-down transformer, ES < EP 500. If a transformer of an audio amplifier has
∴ K<1 output impedance 8000 Ω and the speaker has
497. The primary and secondary coils of a input impedance of 8 Ω, the primary and
transformer have 50 and 1500 turns secondary turns of this transformer connected
respectively. If the magnetic flux φ linked with between the output of amplifier and to loud
the primary coil is given by φ= φ0 + 4t, where φ speaker should have the ratio:
is in Weber, t is time in second and φ0 is a (a) 1000 : 1 (b) 100 : 1
constant, the output voltage across the (c) 1 : 32 (d) 32 : 1
secondary coil is JCECE-2005
(a) 90 V (b) 120 V
Ans. (a) : Given, Rs = 8000Ω, Rp = 8Ω
(c) 220 V (d) 30 V
From Faraday's law, the induced emf across primary
JCECE-2008
and secondary is
UP CPMT-2008
∆φ
AIPMT- 2007 εp = − N p
Ans. (b) : Given, ∆t
Number of turns in primary coil (N1) = 50 ∆φ
εs = − N s
Number of turns in secondary coil (N2) = 1500 ∆t
Let e1 be the input voltage through primary coil then We know that,
dφ d ε = iR
e1 = = ( φ0 + 4t )
dt dt R p Np
=
d d R s NS
e1 = (φ0 ) + (4t)
dt dt Np Rp 8000 1000
e1 = 0 + 4 ∴ = = =
NS Rs 8 1
e1 = 4
501. The output power in step-up transformer used
We know that, in practice is _____
e1 N1 (a) Greater than the input power
=
e2 N 2 (b) Equal to the input power
e1 × N 2 4 × 1500 (c) Less than the input power
e2 = = = 120 volt (d) None of these
N1 50
GUJCET 2014
498. When power is drawn from the secondary coil Ans. (c) : The output power in step up transformer used
of the transformer, the dynamic resistance in practice is less than the input power because getting
(a) increases (b) decreases full efficiency is practically impossible due to losses.
(c) remains unchanged (d) changes erratically
502. Which of the following is based on mechanical
JCECE-2007 effect of electric current?
JIPMER-2008 (a) AC Dynamo (b) DC Dynamo
Ans. (a) : When the secondary coil circuit is open. Then (c) AC or DC motor (d) Electric Geyser
magnetic flux in the core is produced by the primary
COMEDK 2012
current only when the secondary circuit is closed, the
currents in the secondary coil also produce magnetic Ans. (c) : The basic principle of an electric motor is
flux in the core but in opposite direction, this decreases based on the mechanical effect of electric current. A
the core flux and therefore, reduces the back emf conductor that carries a current is placed in a magnetic
produced in the primary coil. field it experiences a mechanical force. In motor when a
Therefore, it is clear that if the power is drawn from the current is passed through a rectangular coil of wire
secondary coil of a transformer then the dynamic placed in a magnetic field then the coil rotates
resistance increases. constantly.
503. The primary of a transformer when connected Ans. (a) : A choke coil is a low resistance inductor, coil
to a dc battery of 10 Volt draws a current of is used to suppress or limit the flow of alternating
1mA. The number of turns of the primary and current without affecting the flow of direct current.
secondary windings are 50 and 100
respectively. The voltage in the secondary and 507. A choke coil has:
the current drawn by the circuit in the (a) Low inductance and low resistance
secondary are respectively (b) High inductance and high resistance
(a) 20 V and 2.0 mA (b) 10 V and 0.5 mA (c) Low inductance and high resistance
(c) 0 V and 0 mA (d) 20 V and 0.5 mA (d) High inductance and low resistance
COMEDK 2013 AIIMS-1997
Ans. (c) : Transformer doesn’t work on DC supply Ans. (d) : A choke coil has high inductance and low
therefore, there will be zero volt and no current in secondary. resistance. Therefore, it is capable of producing very
504. The instantaneous voltage of a 50 Hz generator high induced e.m.f which produces discharge in the
giving peak voltage as 300 V. The generator tube.
equation for this voltage is 508. In a transformer, the number of turns in the
(a) V = 50 sin300πt (b) V = 300 sin100πt primary and secondary coils are 2000 and 4000
(c) V = 6 sin100πt (d) V = 50 sin100πt respectively. If the primary coil is connected
COMEDK 2015 across 120 V AC, the potential difference
Ans. (b) : Given, across each turn of the secondary coil will be
Frequency of generator (f) = 50 Hz (a) 0.08 V (b) 0.05 V
Peak voltage (Vo) = 300 V (c) 0.24 V (d) 0.06 V
We know that, ω = 2πf BCECE-2016
ω = 2π × 50 Ans. (d) : From transformer ratio
ω = 100π N V I
Instantaneous voltage of the generator Number of turns in primary coil S = S = P
N P VP IS
V = Vo sin ωt
∴ V = 300 sin 100πt. Number of turns in primary coil (NP) = 2000
505. A step down transformer is connected to 2400 Number of turns in Secondary coil (NS) = 4000
volts line and 80 amperes of current is found to VP = 120V
flow in output load. 4000 VS
=
The ratio of the turns in primary and 2000 120
secondary coil is 20:1 . If transformer efficiency 2 × 120 = VS
is 100% . then the current flowing in the VS = 240 V
primary coil will be ∴Potential difference across each turn of secondary coil
(a) 1600 amp (b) 20 amp 240
(c) 4 amp (d) 1.5 amp = 0.06V
4000
AIIMS-2015
509. Voltage in the secondary coil of a transformer
Ans. (c) : From transformer ratio. does not depend upon
V1 N1 I 2 (a) frequency of the source
= =
V2 N 2 I1 (b) voltage in the primary coil
V1 = Primary voltage (c) ratio of number of turns in the two coils
V2 = Secondary voltage (d) both (b) and (c)
N1 = No of turn in primary BCECE-2007
N2 = No. of turn in secondary JIPMER-2011
N1 I2 Ans. (a) : From transformer ratio–
=
N 2 I1 NS VS I P
= =
20 80 N P VP IS
=
1 I1 So,
I1 = 4A NS VS
506. In a circuit the coil of a choke: =
N P VP
(a) decreases the current
N
(b) increases the current VS = VP × S
(c) has high resistance to D.C. circuit N P
(d) no effect with the current So, that voltage in the secondary coil of transformer
AIIMS-2001 does not depend upon frequency of the source.
510. When a current of 2 A is passed through a coil 2 I2
of 100 turns, flux associated with it is 5×10–5 ∴ =
3 3
Wb. Find the self-inductance of the coil
2×3
(a) 4 × 10–3 H (b) 4 × 10–2 H I2 = = 2A
3
(c) 2.5 × 10 H
–3
(d) 10–3 H
I2 = 2A
MHT-CET 2008
513. The output voltage of a transformer connected
Ans. (c) : Given, to 220 V line is 1100 V at 2 A current. Its
I = 2A efficiency is 100%. The current coming from
N = 100 turns the line is
φ = 5 × 10–5 Wb (a) 20 A (b) 10 A
We know that, (c) 11 A (d) 22 A
Nφ VITEEE-2011
Self inductance (L) =
I Ans. (b) : Given that,
Primary voltage (V1) = 220V
100 × 5 × 10–5
L= Secondary voltage (V2) = 1100 V
2 Secondary current (I2) = 2A
L = 50 × 5 × 10–5 = 250 × 10–5 Primary current (I1) = ?
L = 2.5 × 10–3 H Efficiency of transformer = 100%
511. A step down transformer, transforms a supply For 100% efficiency,
line voltage of 2200 V into 220 V. The primary V 1I 1 = V 2I 2
coil has 5000 turns. The efficiency and power
V1 I 2
transmitted by the transformer are 90% and 8 =
kW, respectively. Then the power supplied is V2 I1
(a) 9.89 kW (b) 8.89 kW 220 2
(c) 88.9 kW (d) 889 kW ∴ =
1100 I1
MHT-CET 2006
2 × 1100
Ans. (b) : Given that, I1 =
Primary voltage (V1) = 2200V 220
I1 = 10A
Secondary voltage (V2) = 220V
Primary turns (N1) = 5000 turns 514. A transformer rated at 10 kW is used to
connect a 5 kV transmission line to a 240 V
Power output (Poutput) = 8 kW
circuit. The ratio of turns in the windings of the
Efficiency of transformer = 90% transformer is
We know that, (a) 5 (b) 20.8
P (c) 104 (d) 40
Efficiency of transformer ( η ) = output × 100
Pinput VITEEE-2008
V2 I 2
90 = × 100 Primary voltage (V1) = 5 kV
V1I1 Secondary voltage (V2) = 240 V
90 8kW N
= The ratio of the turns in the windings, 1 = ?
100 Pinput N2
8 ×100 800 From the transformer ratio,
Pinput = = V1 N1
90 90 =
Pinput = 8.89 kW V2 N 2
512. The turn ratio of transformers is given as 2:3. N1 5kV 5 × 1000
If the current through the primary coil is 3 A, = =
thus calculate the current through load N 2 240V 240
resistance N1
= 20.8
(a) 1 A (b) 4.5 A N2
(c) 2 A (d) 1.5 A
515. A 400 turns primary coil of an ideal
VITEEE-2012 transformer is connected to an alternating
Ans. (c) : Given, current power line of 120 V. A secondary coil
N 2 of 100 turns is connected to a light bulb of 60 Ω
Turn ratio, 1 = resistance. The maximum current in the
N2 3
secondary would be
Current in primary, I1 = 3A
(a) 2 A (b) 1 A
V1 N1 I 2 (c) 0.5 A (d) 0.25 A
Q = =
V2 N 2 I1 SCRA-2013
Ans. (c) : Given that, V1 1
Primary turns (N1) = 400 =
V2 3
Secondary turns (N2) = 100
V2 =3V1 = 3 × 100
Primary voltage (V1) = 120V
V2 = 300V
From the transformer ratio,
Output power
V1 N1 Q Efficiency =
= Input power
V2 N 2
V2 I 2
VN ∴ 0.75 =
V2 = 1 2 V1I1
N1
120 × 100 0.75 × V1I1 0.75 × 100 × 2
V2 = = 30V I2 = =
400 V2 300
QResistance of bulb connected in secondary coil = 60Ω I2 = 0.25 × 2
V 30 I2 = 0.50 A
∴ Current in secondary coil (I2) = 2 = = 0.5A V2 = 300 V
R 60 Hence, option (b) is correct.
I2 = 0.5 A
518. A current of 5 A is flowing at 220 V in the
516. A step down transformer has 50 turns on primary coil of a transformer. If the voltage
secondary and 1000 turns on primary winding.
If a transformer is connected to 220 V, 1 A produced in the secondary coil is 2200 V and
A.C. source, what is output current of the 50% of power is lost, then the current in the
transformer? secondary will be
(a) 2.5 A (b) 5 A
1 (c) 0.25 A (d) 0.5 A
(a) A (b) 20 A
20 Karnataka CET-2008
(c) 100 A (d) 2 A Ans. (c) : Given that,
Karnataka CET-2014 Current on primary (I1) = 5A
Ans. (b) : Given that, Primary voltage (V1) = 220V
Secondary turns (N2) = 50 Secondary voltage (V2) = 2200V
Primary turns (N1) = 1000 Power lost = 50%
Primary voltage (V1) = 220V Q 50% power is lost, it means efficiency is 50%
Primary current (I1) = 1A
VI
Secondary current (I2) = ? ∴ 0.50 = 2 2
From the transformer ratio, V1I1
N1 V1 I 2 0.50 × V1I1
= = I2 =
N 2 V2 I1 V2
1000 I 2 0.50 × 220 × 5
= I2 =
50 1 2200
I2 = 20A 0.50
517. For a transformer, the turns ratio is 3 and its I2 = = 0.25A
2
efficiency is 0.75. The current flowing in the I2 = 0.25 A
primary coil is 2 A and the voltage applied to it
is 100 V. Then the voltage and the current 519. The ratio of the secondary to the primary turns
flowing in the secondary coil are ____ in a transformer is 3 : 2 and the output power
respectively is P. Neglecting all power losses, the input
(a) 150 V, 1.5 A (b) 300 V, 0.5 A power must be
(c) 300 V, 1.5 A (d) 150 V, 0.5 A P
(a) (b) P
Ans. (b) : Given, 2P 3P
Current in the primary (I1) = 2A (c) (d)
3 2
Current in the secondary (I2) = ? Karnataka CET-2003
Primary voltage (V1) = 100V Ans. (b) : Given,
Secondary voltage (V2) = ?
Ratio of secondary to primary turn
N 3
Turn Ratio, 2 = N2 3
N1 1 =
N1 2
From the transformer ratio,
Since, there is no power loss
N1 V1 I 2
= = ∴ Input power = Output power
N 2 V2 I1 PInput = POutput = P

520. The number of turns of the primary and the 522. The number of turns in the primary and the
secondary coil of a transformer are 10 and 100 secondary turns of a transformer are 1000 and
respectively. The primary voltage and the 3000 respectively. If 80 V A.C. is applied to the
current are given as 2 V and 1 A. Assuming the primary coil of the transformer, then the
efficiency of the transformer as 90%, the potential difference per turn of secondary
coil is
secondary voltage and the current respectively
(a) 0.24 volt (b) 0.08 volt
are
(c) 240 volt (d) 2400 volt
(a) 20 V and 0.1 A (b) 0.2 V and 1 A
J&K CET- 2001
(c) 20 V and 0.09 A (d) 0.2 V and 0.9 A
Ans. (b) : Given
J&K CET- 2010 Number of primary turns N1 = 1000
Ans. (c) : Given, Number of secondary turns N2 = 3000
Number of primary turns (N1) = 10 Primary voltage V1 = 80V
Number of secondary turns (N2) = 100 N1 V1
=
Primary voltage (V1) = 2V N 2 V2
Secondary voltage (V2) = ? VN 80 × 3000
Primary current (I1) = 1A ∴ V2 = l 2 = = 240V
N1 1000
Secondary current (I2) = ?
V2 = 240
Efficiency of transformer = 90%
V 240
N1 V1 ∴ Voltage/turn = 2 =
= N 2 3000
N 2 V2
Voltage/turns = 0.08
N 100
Or V2 = V1 2 = 2 × 523. A choke coil is used in
N1 10 (a) a.c. circuit only
V2 = 20V (b) d.c. circuit only
Po / p (c) a.c. and d. c. ciruit
We know that, η = (d) neither a.c. nor d.c. circuits
PI / P
J&K CET- 2000
V2 I2 Ans. (a) : A choke coil in used for a.c. only not for d.c.
0 .90 =
V1I1 Because for d.c. frequency is zero inductive reactance
become zero.
0.90 × V1I1
∴ I2 = 524. A step up transformer operates on a 200 volt
V2 line and supplies to a load of 2 amp. The ratio
0.90 × 2 ×1 of primary to secondary windings is 1 : 25.
I2 = Determine the primary current ?
20
(a) 8.8 amp (b) 0.08 amp
0.9
I2 = = 0.09A (c) 12.5 amp (d) 50 amp
10 J&K CET- 2000
521. A transformer is used to light a 140 watt, 24 1
volt lamp from 240 V AC mains. The current in Ans. (d) : Ratio of primary to secondary winding =
25
the mains cable is 0.7 amp. The efficiency of the Load current ‘or' secondary current = 2A
transformer is
N1 I2
(a) 48% (b) 63.8% ∴ =
N 2 I1
(c) 83.3% (d) 90%
J&K CET- 2003 1 I2
=
Ans. (c) : Given, 25 I1
Primary voltage V1 = 240V 1 2
=
Primary current = 0.7 A = I1 25 I1
∴Power Input = V1 I1 = 240 × 0.7 = 168 I1 = 50A
Power output = 140W 525. The number of turns in the primary coil of a
We know that, transformer is 200 and the number of turns in
Po / p secondary coil is 10.If 240 V A.C is applied to
140
%η = × 100 = ×100 the primary, the output from secondary will be
PI / p 168 (a) 48 V (b) 24 V
%η = 83.3% (c) 12 V (d) 6 V

J&K CET- 1999 Hence, power will be constant for both the coil.
Ans. (c) : Given, 529. In a transformer the number of primary turns
Primary turns (N1) = 200 is four times that of the secondary turns. If
Secondary turns (N2) = 10 primary is connected to an a.c. source of
Primary voltage (V1) = 240V voltage V. Then
We know that, (a) Current through its secondary is about four
V1 N1 times that of the current through its primary
= (b) voltage across its secondary is about four
V2 N 2
times that of the voltage across its primary
V1 N 2 240 × 10
Or V2 = = (c) voltage across its secondary is about two
N1 200 times that of the voltage across its primary
V2 = 12V 1
(d) voltage across its secondary is about
526. A transformer has 200 primary turns and 150 2 2
secondary turns. If 400 V are applied in times that of the voltage across its primary
primary, the voltage in secondary will be
(a) 6 V (b) 300 V J&K-CET-2015
(c) 80,000 V (d) 2 V Ans. (a) : We know that,
J&K CET- 1998 Q N1 V1
=
Ans. (b) : Given, N 2 V2
Primary voltage (V1) = 400V Given,
Primary turn (N1) = 200 N1 = 4 N2
Secondary turns (N2) = 150 4N 2 V1
We know that, ∴ =
N2 V2
N1 V1
= V1
N 2 V2 =4
V2
V1 N 2 400 × 150
V2 = = V1 = 4V2
N1 200
V2 = 300V Current through secondary,
527. A transformer is used to reduce the voltage V1 I 2
=
from 230 V to 6 V. The number of turns on the V2 I1
secondary is 48. Then the number of turns on
4V2 I2
the primary is =
(a) 700 (b) 1840 V2 I1
(c) 3400 (d) 340 I
J&K CET- 1997 4= 2
I1
Ans. (b) : Given,
Primary voltage (V1) = 230V ∴ I 2 = 4 I1
Secondary voltage (V2) = 6V 530. In a step-up transformer, the turn ratio is 1 : 2.
Number of turns in the secondary coil (N2) = 48V A Leclanche cell (emf = 1.5 V) is connected
N V across the primary. The voltage developed in
Q ] 1= 1 the secondary will be
N 2 V2 (a) 3.0 V (b) 0.75 V
V1 N 2 (c) 1.5 V (d) zero
N1 =
V2 SRMJEEE - 2011
230 × 48 CG PET- 2004
N1 = Manipal UGET-2011
6
N1 = 1840 turns AIIMS-2000
528. For an ideal step-down transformer, the Ans. (d) : Transformer work on AC voltage, when we
quantity which is constant for both the coils is apply dc voltage on primary then there will be no
(a) Current in the coils voltage induced in secondary.
(b) Voltage across the coils ∴ E2 = 0
(c) Resistance of coils 531. Transformers are used in:
(d) Power in the coils (a) DC circuit only
J&K-CET-2016 (b) AC circuit only
Ans. (d) : For an ideal transformer there should be no (c) Both AC and DC circuits
loss of power. (d) Neither AC nor DC circuit
MP PET-2012 Output voltage (V2) = ?
Ans. (b) : Transformer used in only AC. If we used dc Input current (I1) = ?
then, Output power
Efficiency of transformer (η) =
Q XL = ωL Input power
XL = 2πf L V2 I2
η=
Frequency in d.c. is zero 3000
Then, XL = 0 90 V2 × 6
It will offer zero impedance, it will drawn a very high =
100 3000
current therefore winding may saturated. V2 = 450 V
532. A transformer having efficiency of 75% is Input power = V1 × I1
working on 220 V and 4.4 kW power supply. If 3000 = 200 × I1
the current in the secondary coil is 5A. What I1 = 15A
will be the voltage across secondary coil and 534. A transformer has 1500 turns in the primary
the current in primary coil ? coil and 1125 turns in the secondary coil. If the
(a) Vs = 220, ip = 20 A voltage in the primary coil is 200V, then the
(b) Vs = 660, ip = 15 A voltage in the secondary coil is
(c) Vs = 660, ip = 20 A (a) 100 V (b) 150 V
(d) Vs = 220, ip = 15 A (c) 200 V (d) 250 V
AP EMCET(Medical)-2008
JIPMER-2016
Ans. (b) : Given,
Ans. (c) : Given,
Number of turns in primary coil (N1) = 1500
Efficiency of transformer (η )= 75% = 0.75 Number of turns in secondary (N2)= 1125
Input voltage (V1) = 220V Voltage in primary coil (V1) = 200V
Input power (Pinput) = 4.4 kW We know that,
Current in secondary coil (I2) = 5A V1 N1
We know that, =
V2 N 2
Poutput 200 ×1125
η= V2 =
Pinput 1500
Po / p ∴ V2 = 150V
0.75 =
4.4 × 103 535. The primary and secondary coils of a
Po/p = 0.75 × 103 × 4.4 transformer have 50 and 1500 turns
Po/p = 3300W respectively. If the magnetic flux φ linked with
the primary coil is given by φ = φ0 + 4t, where φ
Or V2I2 = 3300
is in weber, t is time in second and φ0 is a
3300 constant, the output voltage across the
V2 =
5 secondary coil is
V2 = 660V (a) 90 V (b) 120 V
Q PI/p = V1I1 (c) 220V (d) 30V
4.4 × 1000 = 220 × I1 JIPMER-2009
I1 = 20A Ans. (b) : Given that,
np = 50, ns = 1500
533. A transformer having efficiency of 90% is
φP = φ0 + 4t
working on 200 V and 3 kW power supply. If
the current in secondary coil is 6A, the voltage Induced emf on a coil
across the secondary coil and the current in the dφp d
εp = = ( φ0 + 4t ) = 4 V
primary coil respectively are dt dt
(a) 300 V, 15 A (b) 450 V, 15 A Therefore,
(c) 450 V, 13.5 A (d) 600 V, 15 A εs n s
AIPMT- 2014 =
εp n p
Ans. (b) : Given,
ns
Efficiency of transformer (η) = 90 % εs = × εp
Input voltage (V1) = 200 V np
Input power = 3kW = 3000 W 1500 × 4
=
Output current (I2) = 6A 50

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