Student Number

BURWOOD GIRLS HIGH SCHOOL

2021
FINAL HSC ASSESSMENT TASK

Mathematics Extension 1

General Instructions Total Marks – 70

• Reading time – 10 minutes Section I Pages 1 – 4

• Working time – 2 hours
• Write using black pen
• NESA-approved calculators
may be used
• A reference sheet is provided
• In Questions 11 – 14,
show relevant mathematical
reasoning and/or calculations
10 marks
• Attempt Questions 1 – 10
• Allow about 15 minutes for this section
Section II Pages 5 – 9
60 marks
• Attempt Questions 11 – 14
• Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section

This paper MUST NOT be removed from the examination room

Section I: Multiple Choice
10 marks
Attempt Questions 1 – 10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section

Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1 – 10.

0.8 for 𝑥𝑥 = 1
1. The variance for the Bernoulli distribution 𝑃𝑃 (𝑋𝑋 = 𝑥𝑥 ) = � is
0.2 for 𝑥𝑥 = 0

(A) 1

(B) 0.2

(C) 0.16

(D) 1.5

2. The graph of an inverse trigonometric function is shown.

What is the equation of this function?

4
(A) 𝑦𝑦 = cos−1 𝑥𝑥
𝜋𝜋

𝜋𝜋
(B) 𝑦𝑦 = cos−1 𝑥𝑥
4

4𝑥𝑥
(C) 𝑦𝑦 = cos−1 � �
𝜋𝜋

𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
(D) 𝑦𝑦 = cos−1 � �
4

1
 x−3
3. Solve the following inequality: −6≤ 0
x−5

(A) (− ∞,5), 5 2 , ∞ 

 5 

(B) (− ∞,3), 5 2 , ∞ 

 7 

(C) (− ∞,5),  5 2 , ∞ 
 3 

(D) (− ∞,6), 8 3 , ∞ 

 5 

4. What is the derivative of sin 𝑥𝑥(cos−1 𝑥𝑥) ?

cos 𝑥𝑥
(A)
√1 − 𝑥𝑥 2

cos 𝑥𝑥
(B) −
√1 − 𝑥𝑥 2

sin 𝑥𝑥
(C) cos 𝑥𝑥 ∙ cos−1 𝑥𝑥 +
√1 − 𝑥𝑥 2
sin 𝑥𝑥
(D) cos 𝑥𝑥 ∙ cos−1 𝑥𝑥 −
√1 − 𝑥𝑥 2

ln 2
5. What is the primitive of ?
√𝜋𝜋 − 𝑥𝑥 2

𝑥𝑥
(A) ln 2 ∙ 𝑥𝑥 ∙ sin−1 � � + 𝐶𝐶
𝜋𝜋

𝑥𝑥
(B) ln 2 ∙ sin−1 � � + 𝐶𝐶
√𝜋𝜋

ln 2 𝑥𝑥
(C) ∙ sin−1 � � + 𝐶𝐶
√𝜋𝜋 √𝜋𝜋

𝑥𝑥
(D) ln 2 ∙ sin−1 � � + 𝐶𝐶
𝜋𝜋

2
6. �����⃗ = 𝑏𝑏̰ and 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 is a rectangle. 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 �����⃗ = 𝑐𝑐̰ .

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

(A) 𝑐𝑐̰ ∙ (2𝑏𝑏̰ − 𝑐𝑐̰ ) = 0

(B) 𝑏𝑏̰ ∙ (𝑐𝑐̰ − 𝑏𝑏̰ ) = 0

(C) |𝑐𝑐̰ | = |2𝑏𝑏̰ − 𝑐𝑐̰ |

(D) �����⃗ = 𝑐𝑐̰ − 𝑏𝑏̰

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

7. The slope field for a first order differential equation is shown below.

Which of the following could be the differential equation represented?

dy
(A) = x+ y
dx

dy
(B) = x− y
dx

dy
(C) = y−x
dx

dy
(D) = − xy
dx

3
8. Students at Pythagoras College are required to study four subjects out of ten which are classified into
two groups each containing five subjects. Find how many subject combinations are possible if a student
must take at least one subject from each group.

(A) 200

(B) 250

(C) 309

(D) 356

9. ∫ sin2 8𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = ?

1 1 
(A)  x + sin 16 x  + C
2 8 

1 1 
(B)  x − cos 16 x  + C
2  16 

1 1 
(C)  x + sin 16 x  + C
2  16 

1 1 
(D)  x − sin 16 x  + C
2  16 

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
10. Given that 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥), what is the solution to the differential equation = 5 − 𝑦𝑦 , where 𝑓𝑓 (3) = 4 ?
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

(A) 𝑦𝑦 = 5 − 𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥−3

(B) 𝑦𝑦 = 5 − 𝑒𝑒 3−𝑥𝑥

𝑦𝑦 2 25
(C) 𝑥𝑥 = 5𝑦𝑦 − −
2 2

𝑦𝑦 2
(D) 𝑥𝑥 = 5𝑦𝑦 − −9
2

4
Section II
60 marks
Attempt Questions 11 – 14
Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section

Answer each question in a SEPARATE writing booklet.

In Questions 11 – 14, your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or calculations.

Question 11 (15 marks) Use a new writing booklet. Marks

1
(a) Given cos x = − and sin x > 0 find the exact value of sin 2x . 2
3

(b) Differentiate 2𝑥𝑥 tan−1 2𝑥𝑥 . 2

(c) The ten members of a sporting team have the numbers 1 to 10 on the back of their jumpers.

(i) Explain why, if six players are randomly chosen there must be at least one pair of 2
players whose numbers add to 11.

(ii) What is the minimum number of players that need to be chosen to ensure that 1
at least one pair of players have numbers that add to 12 ?

(d) Consider the polynomials 𝑃𝑃 (𝑥𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑥 3 − 2𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 𝑞𝑞, where 𝑝𝑝 and 𝑞𝑞 are constants and 𝑝𝑝 ≠ 0.
It is given that 𝛼𝛼, 𝛽𝛽 and 𝛼𝛼 + 𝛽𝛽 are the roots of the equation 𝑃𝑃(𝑥𝑥 ) = 0.

(i) Prove that 𝛼𝛼 = −𝛽𝛽 . 1

(ii) Hence, or otherwise, find all the roots of 𝑃𝑃(𝑥𝑥) in terms of 𝑝𝑝. 3

(e) PQRS is a trapezium with A and B being the midpoints of PQ and RS respectively.

�����⃗ = 𝑎𝑎̰ and �����⃗

Let 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝑏𝑏̰ .

(i) �����⃗ in terms of 𝑎𝑎̰ , 𝑏𝑏̰ and 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

Express 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 �����⃗ . 2
1
(ii) �����⃗ =
Hence, or otherwise, show that 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ����⃗ + �����⃗
(𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 ) . 2
2

5
Question 12 (15 marks) Use a new writing booklet. Marks

  a    2
(a) (i) The vectors 𝑝𝑝p̰ =   and 𝑞𝑞q̰ =   are parallel. Find the value of a. 1
3   4

 x
(ii) The vector 𝑟𝑟̰r =   is perpendicular to vector 𝑞𝑞̰ and �𝑞𝑞̰ − 𝑟𝑟̰ � = √65 . 3
 y
Find the possible values of x and y.

𝑥𝑥 2 + 1
(b) The graph of the function 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = is shown. 3
𝑥𝑥

1
Sketch the graph of 𝑦𝑦 = , showing all important features including
𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)
turning point(s), intercept(s) and asymptote(s).

1
(c) Use the substitution x = 2sin θ to find the exact value of � �4 − 𝑥𝑥 2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 . 4
0

θ 7θ
(d) Prove (2 cos 3θ + 2 cos 2θ + 2 cos θ + 1)sin = sin . 2
2 2

(e) A golf club consists of 2𝑛𝑛 members, 𝑛𝑛 being female and 𝑛𝑛 male. 2
A committee consists of three people. By considering all different combinations
for the committee, show that
1
( ) (
n n c2 + n c3 =2 n c3 .
2
)

6
Question 13 (15 marks) Use a new writing booklet. Marks

(a) 12 3
Given 𝑢𝑢̰ = � � and 𝑣𝑣̰ = � � find the angle to the nearest degrees between the 2
5 −4
vectors.

Using mathematical induction show that (1 + x ) − nx − 1 is divisible by x 2 for n ≥ 2 .

n
(b) 3

(c) The spread of a flu through a student population is modelled by the equation
2000
𝑆𝑆 =
1 + 199𝑒𝑒 −0.4𝑡𝑡
where 𝑆𝑆 is the total number of students infected after 𝑡𝑡 days.

(i) Show that the given equation for 𝑆𝑆 satisfies the differential equation 3
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑆𝑆 𝑆𝑆
= �2 − �.
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 5 1000

(ii) According to this model, after how many days does the rate of increase reach 2
maximum? Give your answer to the nearest number of days.

(d) An online furniture store claims that 90% of all orders are shipped within 54 hours of a
customer placing an order through the store’s website. Ty ordered a total of 150 various
pieces of furniture from the store for his company.

(i) According to the store’s claim, 135 pieces of furniture should be delivered within 54 1
hours of Ty’s order being placed through the website. What is the probability that this
delivery will occur? Give your answer to three significant figures.

(ii) Show that the expected value and the standard deviation of the sampling proportion 2
are 0.9 and 0.0245 respectively.

(iii) Part of a table of 𝑃𝑃(𝑍𝑍 ≤ 𝑧𝑧) values, where Z is a standard normal variable, is shown. 2

Ty expected that at least a certain number of pieces would be delivered within

54 hours. He used a computer program and calculated the probability of this
happening to be 90.15%. Using the table, find the minimum number of furniture
pieces that would be delivered within 54 hours.

7
Question 14 (15 marks) Use a new writing booklet. Marks

3
(a) The graph of the function 𝑦𝑦 = for 𝑥𝑥 > 0 is shown.
√9 + 𝑥𝑥 2

3
(i) The area bounded by the curve 𝑦𝑦 = , the axes and the lines 𝑥𝑥 = 0 2
√9 + 𝑥𝑥 2
and 𝑥𝑥 = ℎ is rotated about the x-axis to create a solid of revolution.
ℎ
Show that the volume of this solid is given by 𝑉𝑉 = 3𝜋𝜋 tan−1 � � cubic units.
3

(ii) The solid of revolution from the graph has the shape of a vase lying down on its 2
side. The diagram shows a vase of the same shape standing upright.

As water is being poured into the vase, the height ℎ of the water is increasing
at 3 cm/s. Find the exact rate at which the volume 𝑉𝑉 of the water is increasing
when ℎ = 6 cm.

(iii) The surface of the water forms a circular shape with the area 𝐴𝐴. By using the 2
original graph, or otherwise, find the exact rate at which the area 𝐴𝐴 is decreasing
when ℎ = 6 cm.

Question 14 continues on page 8

8
Question 14 (continued)

(b) OACB is a rhombus with �����⃗

𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = 𝑎𝑎̰ and �����⃗
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 = 𝑏𝑏̰ . 2

Using vector methods, prove that the diagonal OC bisects ∠𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴.

(c) (i) Initially, a golf ball was hit from the ground at a velocity of 90 ms −1 at an angle 2
of 30° to the horizontal and g = 10 ms −2 .

Show that the position vector of the golf ball after 𝑡𝑡 seconds is given by
𝑠𝑠̰ (𝑡𝑡) = �45𝑡𝑡 √3�𝑖𝑖𝑖 + (45𝑡𝑡 − 5𝑡𝑡 2 )j̰ .

(ii) Five seconds after the golf ball was hit, a small stone was fired at a velocity V 3
horizontally from a point 20 m above the ground.

By finding the position vector of the stone, or otherwise, show that the two objects
collided after the golf ball has travelled for 21 seconds.

(iii) What is the stone’s speed at collision? Give your answer to three significant figures. 2

End of Paper