Conversion of emissions from volume to mass basis

𝑥𝑖 ×𝑀𝑊𝑖 ×𝑚̇𝑒𝑥 ×𝐶𝐹 ×3600

𝑚̇𝑒,𝑖 = 𝑀𝑊𝑒𝑥 ×𝐵𝑃

Where,

𝑚̇𝑒,𝑖 (kg/kWh) = specific mass emission of species i (= CO, HC, NOx, CO2, CH4, N2O,

etc.)

𝑥𝑖 = volume fraction of emission i (i = %/100 (or) ppm X 10-6)

𝑀𝑊𝑖 = molecular weight of emission i

𝑚̇𝑒𝑥 = mass flow rate of exhaust gas

𝑀𝑊𝑒𝑥 = molecular weight of exhaust gas

CF = correction factor which depends on ambient air’s Relative humidity, temperature,

pressure