2 NEET-AIPMT Chapterwise Topicwise Solutions Physics

CHAPTER

2 Units and
Measurements
2.2 The International System of Units 7. A student measured the diameter of a small steel
ball using a screw gauge of least count 0.001 cm.
1. The unit of thermal conductivity is The main scale reading is 5 mm and zero of circular
(a) W m–1 K–1 (b) J m K–1 scale division coincides with 25 divisions above the
–1 –1
(c) J m K (d) W m K–1 (NEET 2019)
reference level. If screw gauge has a zero error of
2. The damping force on an oscillator is directly –0.004 cm, the correct diameter of the ball is
proportional to the velocity. The units of the constant (a) 0.521 cm (b) 0.525 cm
of proportionality are (c) 0.053 cm (d) 0.529 cm (NEET 2018)
(a) kg m s–1 (b) kg m s–2
(c) kg s–1 (d) kg s (2012) 8. In an experiment, four quantities a, b, c and d are
measured with percentage error 1%, 2%, 3% and
3. The unit of permittivity of free space, e0, is
4% respectively. Quantity P is calculated as follows
(a) coulomb/newton-metre
(b) newton-metre2/coulomb2 a 3b 2
P= . % error in P is
(c) coulomb2/newton-metre2 cd
(d) coulomb2/(newton-metre)2 (2004) (a) 7% (b) 4% (c) 14% (d) 10%
(NEET 2013)
2.6 Accuracy, Precision of Instruments and
9. A student measures the distance traversed in free fall
Errors in Measurement of a body, initially at rest, in a given time. He uses this
4. A screw gauge has least count of 0.01 mm and there data to estimate g, the acceleration due to gravity. If
are 50 divisions in its circular scale. The pitch of the the maximum percentage errors in measurement of
screw gauge is the distance and the time are e1 and e2 respectively,
(a) 0.01 mm (b) 0.25 mm the percentage error in the estimation of g is
(c) 0.5 mm (d) 1.0 mm (NEET 2020)
(a) e2 – e1 (b) e1 + 2e2
5. In an experiment, the percentage of error occurred (c) e1 + e2 (d) e1 – 2e2 (Mains 2010)
in the measurement of physical quantities A, B, C
and D are 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% respectively. Then the 10. If the error in the measurement of radius of a sphere
maximum percentage of error in the measurement is 2%, then the error in the determination of volume
of the sphere will be
A2 B1/2
X, where X = , will be (a) 8% (b) 2% (c) 4% (d) 6% (2008)
C1/3 D3
(a) 10% (b) (3/13)% 11. The density of a cube is measured by measuring
(c) 16% (d) –10% (NEET 2019) its mass and length of its sides. If the maximum
error in the measurement of mass and lengths are
6. The main scale of a vernier callipers has
n divisions/cm. n divisions of the vernier scale 3% and 2% respectively, the maximum error in the
coincide with (n – 1) divisions of main scale. The measurement of density would be
least count of the vernier callipers is (a) 12% (b) 14% (c) 7% (d) 9%. (1996)
1 1 12. Percentage errors in the measurement of mass and
(a) cm (b) cm
(n + 1) (n − 1) n speed are 2% and 3% respectively. The error in the
1 1 estimate of kinetic energy obtained by measuring
(c) cm (d) cm
n 2 n(n + 1) mass and speed will be
(Odisha NEET 2019) (a) 8% (b) 2% (c) 12% (d) 10%. (1995)
Units and Measurements 3

13. A certain body weighs 22.42 g and has a measured 22. The ratio of the dimensions of Planck’s constant and
volume of 4.7cc. The possible error in the that of moment of inertia is the dimensions of
measurement of mass and volume are 0.01 g and (a) time
0.1 cc. Then maximum error in the density will be (b) frequency
(a) 22% (b) 2% (c) angular momentum
(c) 0.2% (d) 0.02%. (1991) (d) velocity. (2005)
23. The dimensions of universal gravitational constant
2.7 Significant Figures are
14. Taking into account of the significant figures, what is (a) [M–1L3T–2] (b) [ML2T–1]
–2 3 –2
the value of 9.99 m – 0.0099 m? (c) [M L T ] (d) [M–2L2T–1] (2004,1992)
(a) 9.9801 m (b) 9.98 m 24. The dimensions of Planck’s constant equals to that
(c) 9.980 m (d) 9.9 m (NEET 2020) of
(a) energy
2.8 Dimensions of Physical Quantities (b) momentum
15. Dimensions of stress are (c) angular momentum
(a) [MLT –2] (b) [ML2T –2] (d) power. (2001)
(c) [ML0T –2] (d) [ML–1 T –2] (NEET 2020) 25. Which pair do not have equal dimensions ?
16. The pair of quantities having same dimensions is (a) Energy and torque
(a) Impulse and Surface Tension (b) Force and impulse
(b) Angular momentum and Work (c) Angular momentum and Planck’s constant
(c) Work and Torque (d) Elastic modulus and pressure. (2000)
(d) Young’s modulus and Energy 26. The dimensions of impulse are equal to that of
(Karnataka NEET 2013) (a) pressure
(b) linear momentum
17. The dimensions of (m0e0)–1/2 are (c) force
(a) [L1/2T–1/2] (b) [L–1T] (d) angular momentum (1996)
–1
(c) [LT ] (d) [L1/2T1/2]
(Mains 2012, 2011) 27. Which of the following dimensions will be the same
as that of time?
1 C
18. The dimension of ε E2 , where e0 is permittivity of (a) L (b) (c) LC (d) R (1996)
2 0 R L L
free space and E is electric field, is
(a) ML2T–2 (b) ML–1T–2 28. The dimensions of RC is
(c) ML T2 –1
(d) MLT–1 (2010) (a) square of time (b) square of inverse time
(c) time (d) inverse time. (1995)
19. If the dimensions of a physical quantity are given by
29. Which of the following has the dimensions of
MaLbT c, then the physical quantity will be
pressure?
(a) velocity if a = 1, b = 0, c = – 1 (a) [MLT–2] (b) [ML–1T–2]
(b) acceleration if a = 1, b = 1, c = – 2 (c) [ML–2T–2] (d) [M–1L–1] (1994, 1990)
(c) force if a = 0, b = – 1, c = – 2
(d) pressure if a = 1, b = –1, c = –2 (2009) 30. Of the following quantities, which one has
dimensions different from the remaining three ?
20. Which two of the following five physical parameters (a) Energy per unit volume
have the same dimensions ? (b) Force per unit area
1. energy density (c) Product of voltage and charge per unit volume
2. refractive index (d) Angular momentum. (1989)
3. dielectric constant
4. Young’s modulus 5. magnetic field 2.9 Dimensional Formulae and Dimensional
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 1 and 5 Equations
(c) 2 and 4 (d) 3 and 5 (2008)
31. The dimensional formula of magnetic flux is
21. Dimensions of resistance in an electrical circuit, in (a) [M0L–2T–2A–2] (b) ML0T–2A–2]
2 –2 –1
terms of dimension of mass M, of length L, of time T (c) [ML T A ] (d) [ML2T–1A3] (1999)
and of current I, would be 32. The dimensional formula of permeability of free
(a) [ML2T–2] (b) [ML2T–1I–1] space m0 is
2 –3 –2
(c) [ML T I ] (d) [ML2T–3I–1] (2007)
4 NEET-AIPMT Chapterwise Topicwise Solutions Physics

(a) [MLT–2A–2] (b) [M0L1T] of liquid and radius of the tube respectively, then the
(c) [M0L2T–1A2] (d) none of these. (1991) values of x, y and z are given by
33. According to Newton, the viscous force acting (a) –1, –1, –1 (b) 1, 1, 1
between liquid layers of area A and velocity gradient (c) 1, –1, –1 (d) –1, –1, 1 (2015)
∆v 41. If force (F), velocity (V) and time (T) are taken as
Dv/DZ is given by F = − ηA , where h is constant
∆Z fundamental units, then the dimensions of mass are
called coefficient of viscosity. The dimensional (a) [FVT–1] (b) [FVT–2]
formula of h is –1 –1
(c) [FV T ] (d) [FV–1T] (2014)
(a) [ML–2T–2] (b) [M0L0T0]
2 –2 42. The density of a material in CGS system of units is
(c) [ML T ] (d) [ML–1T–1]. (1990)
4 g cm–3. In a system of units in which unit of length
34. Dimensional formula of self inductance is is 10 cm and unit of mass is 100 g, the value of
(a) [MLT–2A–2] (b) [ML2T–1A–2] density of material will be
2 –2 –2
(c) [ML T A ] (d) [ML2T–2A–1] (1989) (a) 0.04 (b) 0.4
35. The dimensional formula of torque is (c) 40 (d) 400 (Mains 2011)
(a) [ML2T–2] (b) [MLT–2] 43. The velocity v of a particle at time t is given by
–1 –2
(c) [ML T ] (d) [ML–2T–2]. (1989) b
36. If C and R denote capacitance and resistance, the v = at + , where a, b and c are constants. The
t +c
dimensional formula of CR is dimensions of a, b and c are
(a) [M0L0T1] (b) [M0L0T0] (a) [L], [LT] and [LT–2]
0 0 –1
(c) [M L T ] (b) [LT–2], [L] and [T]
(d) not expressible in terms of MLT. (1988) (c) [L2], [T] and [LT–2]
37. The dimensional formula of angular momentum is (d) [LT–2], [LT] and [L]. (2006)
(a) [ML2T–2] (b) [ML–2T–1]  a  θ
(c) [MLT ]–1
(d) [ML2T–1]. (1988) 44. An equation is given here  P +  = b where
 V 2 V
2.10 Dimensional Analysis and its Applications P = Pressure, V = Volume and q = Absolute
temperature. If a and b are constants, the dimensions
38. A physical quantity of the dimensions of length that of a will be
e2 (a) [ML–5T–1] (b) [ML5T1]
can be formed out of c, G and is [c is velocity 5 –2
(c) [ML T ] (d) [M–1L5T2]. (1996)
4πε0
of light, G is the universal constant of gravitation 45. Which of the following is a dimensional constant?
and e is charge] (a) Relative density (b) Gravitational constant
1/2 1/2 (c) Refractive index (d) Poisson’s ratio. (1995)
 e2 
2 1  e2 
(a) c G  (b) 2   46. Turpentine oil is flowing through a tube of length
 4πε0  c  G 4 πε0  l and radius r. The pressure difference between the
1/2 two ends of the tube is P. The viscosity of oil is given
1 e2 1  e2 
(c) G (d) 2 G  P (r 2 − x 2 )
c 4 πε0 c  4 πε0  by η = where v is the velocity of oil at a
4vl
(NEET 2017) distance x from the axis of the tube. The dimensions
39. Planck’s constant (h), speed of light in vacuum (c) of h are
and Newton’s gravitational constant (G) are three (a) [M0L0T0] (b) [MLT–1]
2 –2
fundamental constants. Which of the following (c) [ML T ] (d) [ML–1T–1] (1993)
combinations of these has the dimension of length ? 47. The time dependence of a physical quantity p is
hG hG given by p = p0 exp (–at2), where a is a constant and
(a) 3/2 (b) 5/2 t is the time. The constant a
c c
(a) is dimensionless
hc Gc (b) has dimensions [T–2]
(c) (d) (NEET-II 2016)
G h3/2 (c) has dimensions [T2]
40. If dimensions of critical velocity vc of a liquid flowing (d) has dimensions of p (1993)
through a tube are expressed as [hxryrz] where h, r 48. P represents radiation pressure, c represents speed of
and r are the coefficient of viscosity of liquid, density light and S represents radiation energy striking per
Units and Measurements 5

unit area per sec. The non zero integers x, y, z such 1 1 1 1

that P xS yc z is dimensionless are (a) x = , y = (b) x = − , y = −
2 2 2 2
(a) x = 1, y = 1, z = 1
1 1 1 1
(b) x = –1, y = 1, z = 1 (c) x = , y = − (d) x = − , y = (1990)
(c) x = 1, y = –1, z = 1 2 2 2 2
(d) x = 1, y = 1, z = –1 (1992) 50. If x = at + bt2, where x is the distance travelled by
49. The frequency of vibration f of a mass m suspended the body in kilometers while t is the time in seconds,
from a spring of spring constant k is given by a then the units of b is
relation f = amxky, where a is a dimensionless (a) km/s (b) km s
constant. The values of x and y are (c) km/s2 (d) km s2 (1989)

ANSWER KEY
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (d) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (b) 15. (d) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (d) 20. (a)
21. (c) 22. (b) 23. (a) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (c) 29. (b) 30. (d)
31. (c) 32. (a) 33. (d) 34. (c) 35. (a) 36. (a) 37. (d) 38. (d) 39. (a) 40. (c)
41. (d) 42. (c) 43. (b) 44. (c) 45. (b) 46. (d) 47. (b) 48. (c) 49. (d) 50. (c)

Hints & Explanations

Qx Therefore, n VSD = (n – 1) MSD

1. (a) : K = , where Q is the amount of heat (n − 1)
A(T1 − T2 )t ⇒ 1 VSD = MSD
flow, x is the thickness of the slab, A is the area of cross- n
(n − 1)
section, and t is the time taken. \ Least count = 1 MSD – 1 VSD = 1 MSD − MSD
Jm 1 1 1 n
K= =W = W m−1 K −1 1
2 mK = 1 MSD − 1 MSD + MSD = MSD
m Ks n n
2. (c) : Damping force, F ∝ v or F = kv
1 1 1  1 
where k is the constant of proportionality = × = 2 cm Q 1 MSD = cm 
n n n  n 
F N kg m s−2
∴ k= = = = kg s−1 7. (d) : Diameter of the ball
v m s−1 ms −1
= MSR + CSR × (Least count) – Zero error
3. (c) : Force between two charges = 5 mm + 25 × 0.001 cm – (–0.004) cm
= 0.5 cm + 25 × 0.001 cm – (–0.004) cm = 0.529 cm.
1 q2 1 q2
F= ⇒ ε0 = = C2 /N-m2
4 πε0 r2 4 π Fr 2 a3b2
8. (c) : As P =
4. (c) : Given : least count = 0.01 and number of % error in P is cd
circular scale divisions = 50.
∆P   ∆a   ∆b  ∆c ∆d 
\ Pitch = L.C × No. of circular scale division × 100 = 3   + 2   + + × 100
= 0.01 × 50 = 0.5 mm. P  a    b  c d 
= [3 × 1% + 2 × 2% + 3% + 4%] = 14%
A2 B1/2
5. (c) : X = 1 2
C1/3 D3 9. (b) : From the relation, h = ut + gt
Maximum percentage error in X 2
1 2 2h
 dX   dA 1 dB 1 dC dD  h= gt ⇒ g = (Q body initially at rest)
  × 100 =  2 + + +3  × 100 2 t2
X A 2 B 3 C D  Taking natural logarithm on both sides, we get
= 2 × 1 + 1 × 2 + 1 × 3 + 3 × 4 = 16% ln g = ln h – 2 ln t
2 3
∆g ∆h ∆t
6. (c) : If n divisions of vernier scale coincides with Differentiating, = −2
(n – 1) divisions of main scale. g h t
6 NEET-AIPMT Chapterwise Topicwise Solutions Physics

For maximum permissible error, 16. (c) : Impulse = Force × time

 ∆g   ∆h   ∆t  = [MLT–2][T] = [MLT–1]
or  × 100  = × 100  + 2 ×  × 100 
 g max  h   t  Force [MLT−2 ]
Surface tension = = = [ML0T−2 ]
According to problem length [L]
∆h ∆t Angular momentum
× 100 = e1 and × 100 = e2
h t = Moment of inertia × angular velocity
 ∆g  = [ML2][T–1] = [ML2T–1]
Therefore,  × 100  = e1 + 2e2
 g max Work = Force × distance = [MLT–2][L] = [ML2T–2]
Energy = [ML2T–2]
10. (d) : V = πR3 ; ln V = ln  π  + ln R3
4 4
3  Torque = Force × distance = [MLT–2][L] = [ML2T–2]
3
Young’s modulus
dV dR Force / Area
Differentiating, =3 =
V R Change in length / original length
Error in the determination of the volume
[MLT−2 ]/[L2 ]
= 3 × 2% = 6% = = [ML−1T−2 ]
 ∆m  3 [L]/[L]
11. (d) : Maximum error in mass   = 3 %= Hence, among the given pair of physical quantities work
 m  100
 ∆l  2 and torque have the same dimensions [ML2T–2].
and maximum error in length   = 2 % = 17. (c) : The speed of the light in vacuum is
 l  100
1
Maximum error in the measurement of density c= = (µ0 ε0 )−1/2
∆ρ ∆m  ∆l  3  2  3 6 µ0 ε0
= + 3×  = + 3× = +
ρ m  l  100  100  100 100 \ [(m0e0)–1/2] = [c] = [LT–1]
9
= = 9% 18. (b) : Energy density of an electric field E is
100 1
12. (a) : Percentage error in mass = 2% = 2 and uE = ε0 E2
100 2
percentage error in speed = 3 % = 3 where e0 is permittivity of free space
1 100
K.E. = mv 2 Energy ML2 T−2
2 uE = = = ML–1T–2
Therefore the error in measurement of kinetic energy Volume L3
∆ K .E. ∆m ∆v 2 3 8 1
= +2× = +2× = = 8% Hence, the dimension of ε0 E 2 is ML–1T–2
K .E. m v 100 100 100 2
mass m 19. (d) : Pressure,
13. (b) : Density ρ = .....(i)
volume V force mass × acceleration
Take logarithm to take base e on the both sides of P= =
area area
eqn (i), we get
lnr = lnm – lnV .....(ii) M1LT−2
∴ [P ] = = [M1L−1T−2 ] = Ma Lb T c.
Differentiate eqn (ii), on both sides, we get L2
∆ρ ∆m ∆V
= − \ a = 1, b = –1, c = –2.
ρ m V
Errors are always added.  Work done 
20. (a) : [Energy density ] =  
Error in the density r will be  Volume 
 ∆m ∆V  MLT−2 ⋅ L
= + × 100% = [ML–1T–2]
V 
=
 m L 3
 0.01 0.1   Force  [l]
= +  × 100 % = 2% [Young’s modulus] = [Y ] = 
 22.42 4.7  ×
 Area  [∆l]
14. (b) : 9.99 – 0.0099 = 9.9801 m MLT−2 L
= ⋅ = [ML−1T−2 ]
Least number of significant figure are 3. Hence, required L2 L
answer will be 9.98 m. The dimensions of 1 and 4 are the same.
Force
15. (d) : We know, stress = 21. (c) : According to Ohm’s law,
Area V
V = RI or R =
Dimensions of force is [M1L1T–2] and that of area is [L2]. I
[M1L1T −2 ] W [ML2 T−2 ]
\ Dimensions of stress = = [M1L–1T–2]. Dimensions of V = =
[L2 ] q [IT]
Units and Measurements 7

[ML2 T−2 / IT] [MLT−2 ][L2 ]

∴ R= = [ML2 T−3I−2 ] = = [ML2 T−2 A−1 ].
[I] [A][L]
2 −2 32. (a) : Permeability of free space
22. (b) : h = E λ = [ML T ][L] 2π × force × distance
I c × I [LT−1 ] × [ML2 ] µ0 =
current × current × length
h
= [T−1 ] = frequency. [MLT−2 ][L]
I Dimensional formula of µ0 = = [MLT–2A–2]
[A][A][L]
23. (a) : Gravitational constant G
force × (distance)2 33. (d) : Dimensions of force F = [MLT–2]
=
mass × mass ∆v [LT−1 ]
Dimensions of velocity gradient = = [T–1]
[MLT−2 ][L2 ] ∆Z [L]
\ Dimensions of G = = [M–1L3T–2] Dimensions of area A = [L2]
[M][M] ∆v
Given F = −ηA
24. (c) : Dimensions of Planck’s constant ∆Z
Energy [ML2 T−2 ] Dimensional formula for coefficient of viscocity
h= = = [ML2 T−1 ] F [MLT−2 ]
Frequency −1
[T ] η= = = [ML−1T−1 ]
 ∆v  [L2 ][T−1 ]
Dimensions of angular momentum L ( A) 
= Moment of inertia (I) × Angular velocity (w)  ∆Z 
dI
= [ML2][T–1] = [ML2T–1] 34. (c) : Induced emf | ε | = L
dt
25. (b) : Dimensions of force = [MLT–2] dI
where L is the self inductance and is the rate of change
Dimensions of impulse = [MLT–1]. dt
26. (b) : Impulse = Force × Time. of current.
Therefore dimensional formula of impulse \ Dimensional formula of
= Dimensional formula of force × Dimensional | ε | [ML2 T−3 A−1 ]
L= = = [ML2 T−2 A−2 ]
formula of time = [MLT–2][T] = [MLT–1] and dI [AT−1 ]
dimensional formula of linear momentum dt
[p] = [MLT–1]. 35. (a) : Torque (t) = Force × distance
27. (a) Dimensional formula for (t) = [MLT–2][L]= [ML2T–2]
28. (c) : Units of RC = ohm × ohm–1 × second Charge
36. (a) : Capacitance C =
= second. Therefore dimensions of RC = time. Potential difference
29. (b) : Pressure = Force Dimensions of C =
[AT]
= [M–1L–2T 4A2]
Area 2 −3 −1
[ML T A ]
Force
Therefore dimensions of pressure = = ML–1T–2.
Area Potential difference
Resistance R =
30. (d) : Dimensions of energy E = [ML2T–2] Current
Dimensions of volume v = [L3] [ML2 T−3 A−1 ]
Dimensions of force F = [MLT–2] = = [ML2T–3A–2]
[A]
Dimensions of area A = [L2]
Dimensions of voltage V = [ML2T–3A–1] Dimensional formula of CR
Dimensions of charge q = [AT] = [M–1L–2T4A2][ML2T–3A–2] = [T]
Dimensions of angular momentum L = [ML2T–1] As the (CR) has dimensions of time and so is called time
constant of CR circuit.
E [ML2 T−2 ]
\ Dimensions of = = [ML−1T−2 ] 37. (d) : Angular momentum L
v [L3 ] = Moment of inertia I × Angular velocity w.
F [MLT−2 ] \ Dimensional formula L = [ML2][T–1]
Dimensions of = = [ML−1T−2 ] = [ML2T–1]
A 2
[L ]
e2
Vq [ML2 T−3 A−1 ][AT] 38. (d) : Dimensions of = [F × d 2 ] = [ML3T−2 ]
Dimensions of =
3
= [ML–1T–2] 4πε0
v [L ]
Dimensions of angular momentum is [ML2T–1] while Dimensions of G = [M–1L3 T–2],
other three has dimensions [ML–1T–2] Dimensions of c = [LT–1]
p
31. (c) : Magnetic flux, φ = BA =   A
F  e2  q r
 Il  l ∝  G c
 4πε0 
8 NEET-AIPMT Chapterwise Topicwise Solutions Physics

\ [L1] = [ML3T–2]p [M–1L3T–2]q [LT–1]r [b]

On comparing both sides and solving, we get = [LT−1 ] or, [b] = [L].
[T]
1 1
p = , q = and r = –2  a  θ a
2 2 44. (c) : Equation  P + 2  = b . Since is added
1/2
 V  V V2
1  Ge2  to the pressure, therefore dimensions of
a
and pressure
∴ l∝  
c2  4 πε0  (P) will be the same. V2
39. (a) : According to question, a a
And dimensions of = = [ML–1T–2]
l ∝ hp c q G r V 2
[L3 2
]
l = k hp c q G r ...(i) or a = [ML5T–2].
Writting dimensions of physical quantities on both sides, 45. (b) : Relative density, refractive index and
[M0LT0] = [ML2T–1]p [LT–1]q [M–1L3T–2]r Poisson’s ratio all the three are ratios, therefore they are
Applying the principle of homogeneity of dimensions, we dimensionless constants.
get 46. (d) : Dimensions of P = [ML–1T–2]
p–r=0 ...(ii) Dimensions of r = [L]
2p + q + 3r = 1 ...(iii) Dimensions of v = [LT–1]
–p – q – 2r = 0 ...(iv) Dimensions of l = [L]
Solving eqns. (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get [P ][r 2 − x 2 ]
1 3 \ Dimensions of h =
p=r = , q=− [4vl]
2 2 [ML−1T−2 ][L2 ] –1 –1
hG = = [ML T ]
From eqn. (i), we get l = K [LT−1 ][L]
3/2
c − αt 2
40. (c) : [vc] = [hxryrz] (given) ... (i) 47. (b) : Given : p = p0 e
1 1 −2
Writing the dimensions of various quantities in at2 is a dimensionless ∴ α = 2 = 2 = [T ]
eqn. (i), we get t [T ]
[M0LT–1] = [ML–1T–1]x[ML–3T0]y[M0LT0]z 48. (c) : Let k = P xS yc z ...(i)
= [Mx + y L–x –3y + z T–x] k is a dimensionless
Applying the principle of homogeneity of dimensions, we Dimensions of k = [M0L0T0]
get Force [MLT−2 ]
Dimensions of P = = = [ML–1T–2]
x + y = 0; –x – 3y + z = 1; – x = –1 Area [L2 ]
On solving, we get x = 1, y = –1, z = –1 Energy [ML2 T−2 ]
41. (d) : Let mass m ∝ F aV bT c Dimensions of S = = = [MT–3]
Area × time [L2 ][T]
or m = kF aV bT c ...(i) Dimensions of c = [LT–1]
where k is a dimensionless constant and a, b and c are the Substituting these dimensions in eqn (i), we get
exponents. [M0L0T0] = [ML–1T–2]x [MT–3]y [LT–1]z.
Writing dimensions on both sides, we get Applying the principle of homogeneity of dimensions, we
[ML0T0] = [MLT–2]a [LT–1]b [T]c get
[ML0T0] = [MaLa + bT–2a – b + c] x+y=0 .....(ii)
Applying the principle of homogeneity of dimensions, we –x + z = 0 .....(iii)
get –2x – 3y – z = 0 .....(iv)
a=1 ...(ii) Solving (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get
a+b=0 ...(iii) x = 1, y = –1, z = 1
–2a – b + c = 0 ...(iv)
Solving eqns. (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get 49. (d) : f = am xk y .....(i)
a = 1, b = –1, c = 1 Dimensions of frequency f = [M0L0T–1]
From eqn. (i), [m] = [FV–1T] Dimensions of constant a = [M0L0T0]
Dimensions of mass m = [M]
42. (c) : As n1u1 = n2u2 Dimensions of spring constant k = [MT–2]
g 100 g Putting these value in equation (i), we get
4 = n2 ⇒ n2 = 40
cm 3
(10 cm)3 [M0L0T–1] = [M]x [MT–2]y
b Applying principle of homogeneity of dimensions, we get
43. (b) : v = at + x+y=0
t +c
As c is added to t, \ [c] = [T] 1 1
–2y = –1 or y = , x = −
2 2
[LT−1 ]
[at] = [LT–1] or, [a] = = [LT−2 ] x km
[T] 50. (c) : Units of b = =
t 2 s2
vvv