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※ [18] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. 3. 지문의 밑줄 친 (가) 에서 틀린 부분을 모두 찾아 바르

게 고치시오.3)
Dear Reader, We always appreciate your
____________________ → ____________________
support. As you know, our service is now
____________________ → ____________________
available through an app. There ① has never
been a ② better time to switch to an online
membership of TourTide Magazine. At a 50% ※ [20] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
discount (ㄱ) __________ your current print

Having a messy room can add up to negative
subscription, you can ③ access to a full year of
feelings and destructive thinking. Psychologists
online reading. Get new issues and daily web
say that having a disorderly room can indicate
pieces at TourTide.com, read or listen to
______________. One of the professional tidying
TourTide Magazine via the app, and ④ get our
experts says that the moment you start
membersonly newsletter. You’ll also gain
cleaning your room, you also start changing
access ⑤ to our editors’ selections of the best
your life and gaining new perspective. When
articles. Join today! Yours, TourTide Team
you clean your surroundings, positive and good
atmosphere follows. You can do more things
efficiently and neatly. So, clean up your closets,
1. 윗글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?1)
organize your drawers, and arrange your things
first, then peace of mind will follow.
① ② ③ ④ ⑤
2. 지문의 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 적절한 전치사를 쓰시 4. 윗글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?4)

오.2) ① A disorderly room brings you more things to do
② An orderly room brings you peace
(ㄱ) _______________________________ ③ Peace of mind is hard to get for everyone
④ An orderly room makes you successful in society

※ [19] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. ⑤ Your mind can be orderly and your room can be
disorderly at the same time

As I walked from the mailbox, my heart was
beating rapidly. In my hands, I held the letter
from the university I had applied to. (가) I
thought my grades were enough good to cross 5. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시
the line and my application letter was 오.5)
wellwritten, but was it enough? I had slept a ① an organized state of mind
wink for days. (2개) As I carefully tore into ② your failure at school
the paper of the envelope, the letter slowly ③ that you have many things to do
emerged with the opening phrase, “It is our ④ that you are going to be sick in the future
great pleasure...” I shouted with joy, “I am in!” ⑤ a disorganized mental state
As I held the letter, I began to make a fantasy

about my college life in a faraway city.
※ [21] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. ※ [22] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
The soil of a farm field is forced to be the (가) When it comes to help out, you must not
perfect environment for monoculture growth. do much. All you have to do is to come around
This is achieved by adding nutrients in the form and show that you care (2개). If you notice
of fertilizer and water by way of irrigation. someone ① who is lonely, you could go and sit
During the last fifty years, engineers and crop with them. If you work with someone who eats
scientists have helped farmers become much lunch all ② by themselves, and you go and sit
more efficient at supplying exactly the right down with them, they will begin to be more
amount of (ㄱ) both. World usage of fertilizer social after a while, and they will owe it all ③
has tripled since 1969, and the global capacity to you. A person’s happiness comes from
for irrigation has almost doubled; we are attention. There are too many people out in the
feeding and watering our fields more than ever, world ④ which feel like everyone has forgotten
and our crops are loving it. Unfortunately, these them or ignored them. ⑤ Even if you say hi to
luxurious conditions have also excited the someone passing by, they will begin to feel
attention of certain agricultural undesirables. better about themselves, like someone cares.
Because farm fields are loaded with nutrients
and water relative to the natural land that
8. 지문의 밑줄 친 (가) 에서 틀린 부분을 모두 찾아 바르
surrounds them, they are desired as luxury real
게 고치시오.8)
estate by every random weed in the area.
____________________ → ____________________
____________________ → ____________________
6. 윗글에서 (ㄱ)이 가리키는 both가 무엇인지 쓰시오.6)
※ [18] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

(ㄱ) : _______________________________
support. As you know, our service is now
7. 윗글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?7)
available through an app. (가) TourTide
① 단일 작물 재배는 수많은 단점을 갖고 있다.
Magazine의 온라인 회원으로 전환하기에 이보다
② 단일 작물 재배는 농가에 큰 손해를 끼칠 수 있다.
더 좋은 시기는 없습니다. At a 50% discount off
③ 단일 작물 재배를 위한 완벽한 토양 환경이 잡초를 끌어들였다.
your current print subscription, you can access
④ 윤작을 위한 완벽한 토양 환경이 잡초를 끌어들였다.
a full year of online reading. Get new issues
⑤ 윤작의 불안정성이 토양 환경을 망칠 수 있다.
and daily web pieces at TourTide.com, read or
listen to TourTide Magazine via the app, and
get our membersonly newsletter. You’ll also
gain access to our editors’ selections of the
best articles. Join today! Yours, TourTide Team
9. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하 ※ [23] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.9)
We often try ① to make cuts in our challenges
and take the easy route. When ② taken the
[보기] an / to / time / of / been / membership quick exit, we fail ③ acquiring the strength to
/ has / There / to / never / online / TourTide compete. We often take the easy route to
Magazine / switch / better / a improve our skills. Many of us never really
work to achieve mastery in the key areas of
life. These skills are key tools that can be
→ _______________________________________ (16자) useful to our career, health, and prosperity.
_______________________________________________ Highly ④ successive athletes don’t win because
of better equipment; they win by facing
※ [22] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. hardship to gain strength and skill. They win
through preparation. (가) 그들을 돋보이게 하는
When it comes to helping out, you don’t have
것은 바로 정신적 준비, 승리하는 마음가짐, 전략,
to do much. (가) 그저 다가가서 관심을 갖고 있
그리고 기술이다. Strength comes from struggle,
다는 것을 보여주기만 하면 된다. If you notice
not from taking the path of least resistance.
someone who is lonely, you could go and sit
Hardship is not just a lesson for the next time
with them. If you work with someone who eats
in front of us. Hardship will be the greatest
lunch all by themselves, and you go and sit
teacher ⑤ that we will ever have in life.
down with them, they will begin to be more
social after a while, and they will owe it all to
you. A person’s happiness comes from attention. 11. 윗글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법 또는 어휘상 틀린 것을
There are too many people out in the world 모두 고르시오11)
who feel like everyone has forgotten them or
ignored them. Even if you say hi to someone ① ② ③ ④ ⑤
passing by, they will begin to feel better about
themselves, like someone cares.
12. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하

● it... that 강조구문을 사용하세요!

[보기] apart / skill / preparation / and / the /
[보기] around / you / have / to / you / All / is
set / mindset / them / winning / strategy /
/ care / that / show / do / come / and
mental / it’s / that
→ _______________________________________ (13자)
→ _______________________________________ (13자)
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Your behaviors are usually a reflection of your The huntergatherer lifestyle, which can ① be
identity. What you do is an indication of (가) described as “natural” to human beings, appears
______________ ― either consciously or ② to have much to recommend it. Examination
nonconsciously. Research has shown that once a of human remains from early huntergatherer
person believes in a particular aspect of their societies ③ have suggested that our ancestors
identity, they are more likely to act according enjoyed abundant food, obtainable without
to that belief. For example, (나) people who excessive effort, and suffered very few
identified as “being a voter” was more likely to diseases. If this is true, it is not clear why so
vote than those who simply claimed “voting” many humans settled in permanent villages and
was an action they wanted to perform. developed agriculture, growing crops and
Similarly, the person who accepts exercise as domesticating animals: cultivating fields was
the part of their identity must not convince hard work, and (가) 전염병이 처음 뿌리를 내린
themselves to train. Doing the right thing is 곳은 농경 마을이었다. ④ Whatever its
easy. After all, when your behavior and your immediate effect on the lives of humans, the
identity perfectly match, you are no longer development of settlements and agriculture
pursuing behavior change. You are simply acting undoubtedly led to a high increase in population
like the type of person you already believe density. This period, known as the New Stone
yourself to be. (2개) Age, was a major turning point in human
development, ⑤ opening the way to the growth
of the first towns and cities, and eventually
leading to settled “civilizations.”
13. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시
오.13)
① the fact that you reflect your true behaviors 15. 윗글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?15)
② the fact that you cannot do something great alone

③ the fact that you only try to do things only beneficial to you ① ② ③ ④ ⑤
④ the type of person others believe that you are

⑤ the type of person you believe that you are
14. 지문의 밑줄 친 (나) 에서 틀린 부분을 모두 찾아 바르 시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.16)
게 고치시오.14)
a) ____________________ → ____________________
[보기] was / it / villages / root / in / diseases
b) ____________________ → ____________________
/ first / took / farming / that / epidemic
→ _______________________________________ (11자)
_______________________________________________
17. 윗글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?17) 19. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시
① We should get back the hunter-gatherer lifestyle. 오.19)
② The hunter-gatherer lifestyle is much better for ① they are seduced by others to do so
human beings. ② temptation for reasonable pleasure appears
③ The hunter-gatherer lifestyle gave way to an ③ temptation for better pleasure appears
agricultural one for no distinct reason. ④ temptation for immediate pleasure appears
④ The hunter-gatherer lifestyle shifted to an ⑤ temptation for future pleasure appears
agricultural one because of chances of diseases.
⑤ The hunter-gatherer lifestyle shifted to an
agricultural one because people wanted it ※ [31] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
The costs of interruptions are

well-documented. Martin Luther King Jr.
Many human and nonhuman animals save lamented them when he described “that lovely
commodities or money for future consumption. poem that didn’t get written because someone
This behavior seems to reveal a preference of a knocked on the door.” (가) Perhaps the most
delayed reward over an immediate one: the famous literate example was happened in 1797
agent gives up some immediate pleasure in when Samuel Taylor Coleridge started writing
exchange for a future one. Thus the discounted his poem Kubla Khan from a dream he had but
value of the future reward should be greater then was visited by an unexpected guest. For
than the undiscounted value of the present one. Coleridge, by coincidence, the untimely visitor
(가)_____________, in some cases the agent came at a particularly bad time. He forgot his
does not wait for the envisioned occasion but inspiration and left the work unfinishing (3개).
uses their savings prematurely. (나)__________, While there are many documented cases of
early in the year an employee might set aside sudden disruptions that have had significant
money to buy Christmas presents but then consequences for professionals in critical roles
spend it on a summer vacation instead. Such such as doctors, nurses, control room operators,
cases could be examples of weakness of will. stock traders, and pilots, they also impact most
(다)_______________, the agents may judge or of us in our everyday lives, slowing down work
resolve to spend their savings in a certain way productivity and generally increasing stress
for the greatest benefit but then act differently levels.
when ______________.
18. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가), (나), (다)에 들어갈 접속부사를 ① Negative and Positive Effects of Interruptions on Work
차례로 쓰시오.18) ② Negative Effects of Interruptions on Writing Poems

③ Negative Effects of Interruptions on Work Efficiency
(가) _______________________________________ ④ Positive Effects of Interruptions on Stress Levels
(나) _______________________________________ ⑤ Martin Luther King Jr.'s Capabilities of Writing Poetry
(다) _______________________________________
21. 지문의 밑줄 친 (가) 에서 어법상 또는 의미상 틀린 부 ※ [33] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
분을 모두 찾아 바르게 고치시오.21)
How did the human mind ① evolve ? One
a) ____________________ → ____________________
possibility is that competition and conflicts with
b) ____________________ → ____________________
② other human tribes caused our brains to
c) ____________________ → ____________________
evolve the way they did. A human tribe that
could outthink its enemies, even slightly,
possessed a vital advantage. The ability of your
(가) There’s a lot of scientific evidence tribe to imagine and predict ③ where and when
demonstrated that focused attention leads to the a hostile enemy tribe might strike, and plan
reshaping of the brain. In animals rewarding for accordingly, ______________. The human mind
noticing sound (to hunt or to avoid being hunted became a weapon in the struggle for survival, a
for example), we find much larger auditory weapon far more decisive than any ④ before it.
centers in the brain. In animals rewarding for And this mental advantage was applied, over
sharp eyesight, the visual areas are larger. and over, within each succeeding generation.
Brain scans of violinists provide more evidence, The tribe that could outthink its opponents ⑤
shown dramatic growth and expansion in regions were more likely to succeed in battle and would
of the cortex that represent the left hand, then pass on the genes responsible for this
which has to finger the strings precisely, often mental advantage to its offspring. You and I are
at very high speed. Other studies have shown the descendants of the winners.
that the hippocampus, which is vital for spatial

memory, is enlarged in taxi drivers. The point
23. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시
is that the physical architecture of the brain
오.23)
changes according to where we direct our
① may make you lose in the battle
attention and what we practice doing.
② gives your opponent a significant military advantage
③ gives your tribe a significant military advantage
22. 지문의 밑줄 친 (가) 에서 틀린 부분을 네 군데 찾아 ④ makes you create a special weapon
바르게 고치시오.22) ⑤ makes you a sudden winner
a) ____________________ → ____________________
b) ____________________ → ____________________ 24. 윗글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?24)
c) ____________________ → ____________________
d) ____________________ → ____________________ ① ② ③ ④ ⑤
※ [34] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. 27. 윗글의 (다) 부분에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고
르시오.27)
To find the hidden potential in teams, instead
① make members communicate
of brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a
② achieve something greater than ever
process called brainwriting. The initial steps are
③ get bigger
solo. You start by asking everyone to generate
④ achieve collective intelligence
ideas separately. Next, you pool them and share
⑤ achieve individual intelligence
them (가)_________________ among the group.
To preserve independent judgment, each
member evaluates them on their own. (나) 그러 ※ [35] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
고 나서야 팀이 함께 모여 가장 유망한 옵션을 선

Simply giving employees a sense of agency ―
택하고 다듬는다. By developing and assessing
a feeling that they are in control, that they
ideas individually before choosing and
have genuine decisionmaking authority ― can
elaborating them, teams can surface and
radically increase how much energy and focus
advance possibilities that might not get attention
they bring to their jobs. One 2010 study at a
otherwise. This brainwriting process makes sure
manufacturing plant in Ohio, for instance,
that all ideas are brought to the table and all
carefully examined assemblyline workers who
voices are brought into the conversation. It is
were empowered to make small decisions about
especially effective in groups that struggle to
their schedules and work environment. They
(다) ______________.
designed their own uniforms and had authority
over shifts while all the manufacturing
processes and pay scales stayed the same.
25. 윗글의 (가) 부분에 들어갈 단어를 쓰시오.25)
Within two months, productivity at the plant
increased by 20 percent, (가) 직원들은 휴식 시
→ _______________________________________
간을 더 짧게 가졌고, 실수를 더 적게 하였으며.
Giving employees a sense of control improved
26. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (나) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하
how much selfdiscipline they brought to their
jobs.
●부정어 도치구문의 어법에 맞도록 쓰세요.

[보기] come / and / select / to / then / the /
① 직원에게 결정권을 주면 업무 효율이 크게 저하된다.
refine / together / most / Only / the / team /
② 직원에게 결정권을 주면 업무 효율이 크게 향상된다.
promising / options / do
③ 직원에게 결정권을 주면 안된다.
④ 업무 효율 향상을 위해서는 무엇보다 급여를 높여 주
→ _______________________________________ (15자) 어야 한다.
_______________________________________________ ⑤ 결정권을 가진 직원은 실수를 거의 하지 않는다.
_______________________________________________
29. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하 31. (나)가 함축하고 있는 의미로 적절한 것은31)
시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.29) ① increased carbon emissions have nothing to do with
the environmental pollution
② carbon emissions are capable of making the color
[보기] fewer / mistakes / workers / breaks /
of clouds change
shorter / and / with / making / taking
③ increased carbon emissions literally make our green
clouds gray
→ _______________________________________ (9자) ④ increased carbon emissions pollute the environment
_______________________________________________ ⑤ increased carbon emissions conserve the environment
As businesses shift some core business To find the hidden potential in teams, instead
activities to digital, such as sales, marketing, or of brainstorming, we’re better off (A) [shifting
archiving, it is assumed that the impact on the / to shift] to a process called brainwriting. The
environment will be less negative. However, initial steps are solo. You start by asking
digital business activities can still threaten the everyone to generate ideas separately. Next,
environment. In some cases, the harm of digital you pool them and share them anonymously
businesses can be even more hazardous. (가) A among the group. To preserve independent
few decades ago, offices were used to have judgment, each member evaluates (B) [it /
much more paper waste since all documents them] on their own. (가) 그러고 나서야 팀이 함
were paper based. When workplaces shifted 께 모여 가장 유망한 옵션을 선택하고 다듬는다.
from paper to digital documents, invoices, and By developing and assessing ideas individually
emails, it was a promising step to save trees before choosing and elaborating them, teams can
(1개). However, the cost of the Internet and surface and advance possibilities that might not
electricity for the environment is neglected. A get attention otherwise. This brainwriting
recent Wired report declared that most data process makes sure that all ideas (C) [bring /
centers’ energy source is fossil fuels. When we are brought] to the table and all voices are
store bigger data on clouds, (나) increased brought into the conversation. It is especially
carbon emissions make our green clouds gray. effective in groups that struggle to achieve
The carbon footprint of an email is smaller than collective intelligence.
mail sent via a post office, but still, it causes

four grams of CO₂, and it can be as much as
32. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로
50 grams if the attachment is big.
가장 적절한 것은?32)
① (A) shifting … (B) them … (C) are brought
30. 지문의 밑줄 친 (가) 에서 틀린 부분을 모두 찾아 바르 ② (A) to shift … (B) it … (C) are brought
게 고치시오.30) ③ (A) to shift … (B) it … (C) are brought
____________________ → ____________________ ④ (A) shifting … (B) them … (C) bring
⑤ (A) to shift … (B) them … (C) bring

33. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하 35. [38] 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다.
시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.33) 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?35)
Growing crops forced people ① to stay in one

[보기] Only / promising / options / does / come place. Hunter-gatherers typically moved around
/ select / then / and / team / together / the / frequently, and they had to be able to carry all
to / refine / the / most their possessions with them ② every time they
moved. In particular, mothers had to carry their
young children. As a result, hunter-gatherer
→ _______________________________________ (15자) mothers could have only one baby every four ③
_______________________________________________ year or so, spacing their births so that they
never had to carry more than one child at a
※ [37] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. time. Farmers, on the other hand, could live in
the same place year after year and did not have
(가) Problems often raise if an exotic species
to worry about transporting young children long
is suddenly introduced to an ecosystem.
distances. Societies that settled down in one
Britain’s red and grey squirrels provide a clear
place ④ was able to shorten their birth
example. When the grey was arrived from
intervals from four years to about two. This
America in the 1870s, both squirrel species
meant that each woman could have more
competed for the same food and habitat, that
children than her hunter-gatherer counterpart,
put the native red squirrel populations under
which in turn resulted in rapid population
pressure (3개). The grey had the edge because
growth among farming communities. An ⑤
it can adapt its diet; it is able, for instance, to
increased population was actually an advantage
eat green acorns, while the red can only digest
to agricultural societies, because farming
mature acorns. Within the same area of forest,
required large amounts of human labor.
grey squirrels can destroy the food supply
before red squirrels even have a bite. Greys ⇓
can also live more densely and in varied
Agriculture caused (A) by providing a (B)
habitats, so have survived more easily when
environment for settlement.
woodland has been destroyed. As a result, the
red squirrel has come close to extinction in ① (A) population growth … (B) unfavorable
England.
② (A) population growth … (B) harsh
③ (A) population growth … (B) favorable
34. 지문의 밑줄 친 (가) 에서 틀린 부분을 모두 찾아 바르 ④ (A) population decline … (B) favorable

게 고치시오.34) ⑤ (A) population decline … (B) harsh
____________________ → ____________________
____________________ → ____________________ 36. 윗글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것을 모두 고르
____________________ → ____________________ 시오?36)
① ② ③ ④ ⑤
Spending time as children ① allow animals ② Over the last several decades, scholars have
to learn about their environment. Without developed standards for how best to create,
childhood, animals must rely more fully on organize, present, and preserve digital
hardware, and therefore be less flexible. Among information for future generations. (가) 대부분의
migratory bird species, those that are born 경우 장애가 있는 사람들의 요구는 여전히 무시되
knowing how, when, and where to migrate — 어 왔다. As a result, many of the otherwise
those that are migrating entirely with most valuable digital resources ① are useless
instructions they were born with — sometimes for people who are deaf or hard of hearing, as
have very inefficient migration routes. These well as for people who are blind, have low
birds, ③ born knowing how to migrate, don’t vision, or have difficulty distinguishing particular
adapt easily. So when lakes dry up, forest colors. While professionals ② working in
becomes farmland, or climate change pushes educational technology and commercial web
breeding grounds farther north, those birds that design have made significant progress in
are born knowing how to migrate keep ④ flying meeting the needs of such users, some scholars
by the old rules and maps. By comparison, birds ③ creating digital projects all too often fail to
with the longest childhoods, and those that take these needs into account. This situation
migrate with their parents, tend to have the would be much improved if more projects
most efficient migration routes. Childhood embraced the idea ④ that we should always
facilitates the passing on of cultural information, keep the largest possible audience in mind as
and culture can ⑤ evolve faster than genes. we make design decisions, ⑤ ensured that our
Childhood gives flexibility in a changing world. final product serves the needs of those with
disabilities as well as those without.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤ 시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.38)
[보기] has / for the most par / What /

however / are / the needs of / remained
neglected / people with disabilities
→ _______________________________________ (15자)
_______________________________________________
① ② ③ ④ ⑤
※ [41~42] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. [순서 및 삽입]
All humans, to an extent, seek activities that

41. [18] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
cause a degree of pain in order to experience
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.41)
pleasure, whether this is found in spicy food,
strong massages, or stepping into a toocold or You’ll also gain access to our editors’ selections
toohot bath. The key is that it is a ‘safe of the best articles.
threat’. The brain perceives the stimulus to be
painful but ultimately nonthreatening. Dear Reader, We always appreciate your
Interestingly, this could be similar to the way support. ( ① ) As you know, our service is
humor works: a ‘safe threat’ that causes now available through an app. ( ② ) There has
pleasure by playfully violating norms. We feel never been a better time to switch to an online
uncomfortable, but safe. In this context, where membership of TourTide Magazine. ( ③ ) At a
survival is clearly not in danger, the desire for 50% discount off your current print subscription,
pain is actually the desire for a reward, not you can access a full year of online reading. (
suffering or punishment. This rewardlike effect ④ ) Get new issues and daily web pieces at
comes from the feeling of mastery over the TourTide.com, read or listen to TourTide
pain. (가) 칠리를 먹는 습관을 자세히 들여다볼수 Magazine via the app, and get our membersonly
록 이는 더욱 분명하게 드러난다. When the newsletter. ( ⑤ ) Join today! Yours, TourTide
active ingredient of chillies — capsaicin — Team
touches the tongue, it stimulates exactly the

same receptor that is activated when any of
these tissues are burned.

[보기] the / The / look / closer / you / your /

habit / seems / remarkable / at / chillieating /
it / more
→ _______________________________________ (13자)
_______________________________________________

When it comes to helping out, you don’t have to
do much. ( ① ) All you have to do is come
Because farm fields are loaded with nutrients around and show that you care. ( ② ) If you
and water relative to the natural land that work with someone who eats lunch all by
surrounds them, they are desired as luxury real themselves, and you go and sit down with them,
estate by every random weed in the area. they will begin to be more social after a while,
and they will owe it all to you. ( ③ ) A
The soil of a farm field is forced to be the person’s happiness comes from attention. ( ④ )
perfect environment for monoculture growth. ( There are too many people out in the world
① ) This is achieved by adding nutrients in the who feel like everyone has forgotten them or
form of fertilizer and water by way of irrigation. ignored them. ( ⑤ ) Even if you say hi to
( ② ) During the last fifty years, engineers and someone passing by, they will begin to feel
crop scientists have helped farmers become better about themselves, like someone cares.
much more efficient at supplying exactly the
right amount of both. ( ③ ) World usage of
fertilizer has tripled since 1969, and the global
capacity for irrigation has almost doubled; we
are feeding and watering our fields more than Many of us never really work to achieve
ever, and our crops are loving it. ( ④ ) mastery in the key areas of life.
Unfortunately, these luxurious conditions have
also excited the attention of certain agricultural We often try to make cuts in our challenges and
undesirables. ( ⑤ ) take the easy route. ( ① ) When taking the

quick exit, we fail to acquire the strength to
compete. ( ② ) We often take the easy route
to improve our skills. ( ③ ) These skills are
key tools that can be useful to our career,
If you notice someone who is lonely, you could health, and prosperity. ( ④ ) Highly successful
go and sit with them. athletes don’t win because of better equipment;
they win by facing hardship to gain strength and
skill. ( ⑤ ) They win through preparation. It’s
the mental preparation, winning mindset,
strategy, and skill that set them apart. Strength
comes from struggle, not from taking the path
of least resistance. Hardship is not just a lesson
for the next time in front of us. Hardship will
be the greatest teacher we will ever have in
life.

Many human and nonhuman animals save
commodities or money for future consumption. (
Similarly, the person who accepts exercise as ① ) This behavior seems to reveal a preference
the part of their identity doesn’t have to of a delayed reward over an immediate one: the
convince themselves to train. agent gives up some immediate pleasure in

exchange for a future one. ( ② ) Thus the
Your behaviors are usually a reflection of your discounted value of the future reward should be
greater than the undiscounted value of the
identity. ( ① ) What you do is an indication of
present one. ( ③ ) For example, early in the
the type of person you believe that you are ―
year an employee might set aside money to buy
either consciously or nonconsciously. ( ② )
Christmas presents but then spend it on a
Research has shown that once a person believes
summer vacation instead. ( ④ ) Such cases
in a particular aspect of their identity, they are could be examples of weakness of will. ( ⑤ )
more likely to act according to that belief. ( ③ That is, the agents may judge or resolve to
) For example, people who identified as “being a spend their savings in a certain way for the
voter” were more likely to vote than those who greatest benefit but then act differently when
simply claimed “voting” was an action they temptation for immediate pleasure appears.
wanted to perform. ( ④ ) Doing the right thing
is easy. ( ⑤ ) After all, when your behavior 47. [31] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
and your identity perfectly match, you are no 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.47)
longer pursuing behavior change. You are simply
lamented them when he described “that lovely
acting like the type of person you already
poem that didn’t get written because someone
believe yourself to be.
knocked on the door.” Perhaps the most famous
literary example happened in 1797 when Samuel
Taylor Coleridge started writing his poem Kubla
Khan from a dream he had but then was visited
However, in some cases the agent does not wait by an unexpected guest.
for the envisioned occasion but uses their
savings prematurely. ( ① ) The costs of interruptions are
well-documented. ( ② ) Martin Luther King
Jr. For Coleridge, by coincidence, the untimely
visitor came at a particularly bad time. ( ③ )
He forgot his inspiration and left the work
unfinished. ( ④ ) While there are many
documented cases of sudden disruptions that
have had significant consequences for
professionals in critical roles such as doctors,
nurses, control room operators, stock traders,
and pilots, they also impact most of us in our
everyday lives, slowing down work productivity
and generally increasing stress levels. ( ⑤ )
48. [32] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 50. [34] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.48) 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.50)
The point is that the physical architecture of Only then does the team come together to
the brain changes according to where we direct select and refine the most promising options.
our attention and what we practice doing.
To find the hidden potential in teams, instead of
There’s a lot of scientific evidence brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a
demonstrating that focused attention leads to the
process called brainwriting. ( ① ) The initial
reshaping of the brain. ( ① ) In animals
steps are solo. ( ② ) You start by asking
rewarded for noticing sound (to hunt or to avoid
being hunted for example), we find much larger everyone to generate ideas separately. ( ③ )
auditory centers in the brain. ( ② ) In animals Next, you pool them and share them
rewarded for sharp eyesight, the visual areas anonymously among the group. ( ④ ) To
are larger. ( ③ ) Brain scans of violinists
preserve independent judgment, each member
provide more evidence, showing dramatic growth
evaluates them on their own. ( ⑤ ) By
and expansion in regions of the cortex that
represent the left hand, which has to finger the developing and assessing ideas individually
strings precisely, often at very high speed. ( ④ before choosing and elaborating them, teams can
) Other studies have shown that the surface and advance possibilities that might not
hippocampus, which is vital for spatial memory,
get attention otherwise. This brainwriting
is enlarged in taxi drivers. ( ⑤ )
process makes sure that all ideas are brought to
the table and all voices are brought into the
conversation. It is especially effective in groups
that struggle to achieve collective intelligence.
The human mind became a weapon in the
struggle for survival, a weapon far more decisive
than any before it.
How did the human mind evolve? One possibility

is that competition and conflicts with other
human tribes caused our brains to evolve the
way they did. ( ① ) A human tribe that could
outthink its enemies, even slightly, possessed a
vital advantage. ( ② ) The ability of your tribe
to imagine and predict where and when a hostile
enemy tribe might strike, and plan accordingly,
gives your tribe a significant military advantage.
( ③ ) And this mental advantage was applied,
over and over, within each succeeding
generation. ( ④ ) The tribe that could outthink
its opponents was more likely to succeed in
battle and would then pass on the genes
responsible for this mental advantage to its
offspring. ( ⑤ ) You and I are the descendants
of the winners.
51. [36] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 52. [37] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.51) 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.52)
However, the cost of the Internet and electricity The grey had the edge because it can adapt its
for the environment is neglected. diet; it is able, for instance, to eat green acorns,
while the red can only digest mature acorns.
As businesses shift some core business
activities to digital, such as sales, marketing, or Problems often arise if an exotic species is
archiving, it is assumed that the impact on the suddenly introduced to an ecosystem. ( ① )
environment will be less negative. ( ① ) Britain’s red and grey squirrels provide a clear
However, digital business activities can still example. ( ② ) When the grey arrived from
threaten the environment. ( ② ) In some cases, America in the 1870s, both squirrel species
the harm of digital businesses can be even more competed for the same food and habitat, which
hazardous. ( ③ ) A few decades ago, offices put the native red squirrel populations under
used to have much more paper waste since all pressure. ( ③ ) Within the same area of forest,
documents were paper based. ( ④ ) When grey squirrels can destroy the food supply
workplaces shifted from paper to digital before red squirrels even have a bite. ( ④ )
documents, invoices, and emails, it was a Greys can also live more densely and in varied
promising step to save trees. ( ⑤ ) A recent habitats, so have survived more easily when
Wired report declared that most data centers’ woodland has been destroyed. ( ⑤ ) As a
energy source is fossil fuels. When we store result, the red squirrel has come close to
bigger data on clouds, increased carbon extinction in England.
emissions make our green clouds gray. The
carbon footprint of an email is smaller than mail
sent via a post office, but still, it causes four
grams of CO₂, and it can be as much as 50
grams if the attachment is big.

Spending time as children allows animals to
learn about their environment. ( ① ) Without
In particular, mothers had to carry their young childhood, animals must rely more fully on
children. hardware, and therefore be less flexible. ( ② )
Among migratory bird species, those that are
Growing crops forced people to stay in one born knowing how, when, and where to migrate
— those that are migrating entirely with
place. ( ① ) Hunter-gatherers typically moved
instructions they were born with — sometimes
around frequently, and they had to be able to
have very inefficient migration routes. ( ③ )
carry all their possessions with them every time
These birds, born knowing how to migrate, don’t
they moved. ( ② ) As a result, hunter-gatherer adapt easily. ( ④ ) So when lakes dry up,
mothers could have only one baby every four forest becomes farmland, or climate change
years or so, spacing their births so that they pushes breeding grounds farther north, those
never had to carry more than one child at a birds that are born knowing how to migrate keep
flying by the old rules and maps. ( ⑤ )
time. ( ③ ) Farmers, on the other hand, could
Childhood facilitates the passing on of cultural
live in the same place year after year and did
information, and culture can evolve faster than
not have to worry about transporting young genes. Childhood gives flexibility in a changing
children long distances. ( ④ ) Societies that world.
settled down in one place were able to shorten
their birth intervals from four years to about 55. [18] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
two. ( ⑤ ) This meant that each woman could 한 것을 고르시오.55)
have more children than her hunter-gatherer
counterpart, which in turn resulted in rapid support. As you know, our service is now
population growth among farming communities. available through an app.
An increased population was actually an

(A) You’ll also gain access to our editors’
advantage to agricultural societies, because
selections of the best articles. Join today!
farming required large amounts of human labor.
Yours, TourTide Team
54. [39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 (B) There has never been a better time to
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.54) switch to an online membership of TourTide
Magazine. At a 50% discount off your current
By comparison, birds with the longest
print subscription, you can access a full year of
childhoods, and those that migrate with their online reading.
parents, tend to have the most efficient
migration routes. (C) Get new issues and daily web pieces at
TourTide.com, read or listen to TourTide
Magazine via the app, and get our membersonly
newsletter.
① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
56. [19] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절

(C) One of the professional tidying experts says
한 것을 고르시오.56)
that the moment you start cleaning your room,
As I walked from the mailbox, my heart was you also start changing your life and gaining
beating rapidly. In my hands, I held the letter new perspective.
from the university I had applied to.
① (A) - (C) - (B)
② (B) - (A) - (C)
(A)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
(B) I thought my grades were good enough to
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
cross the line and my application letter was
wellwritten, but was it enough? I hadn’t slept a
wink for days. 한 것을 고르시오.58)
(C) As I carefully tore into the paper of the The soil of a farm field is forced to be the
envelope, the letter slowly emerged with the perfect environment for monoculture growth.
opening phrase, “It is our great pleasure...” I This is achieved by adding nutrients in the form
shouted with joy, “I am in!” As I held the letter, of fertilizer and water by way of irrigation.
I began to make a fantasy about my college life

(A) World usage of fertilizer has tripled since
in a faraway city.
1969, and the global capacity for irrigation has
① (A) - (C) - (B)
almost doubled; we are feeding and watering our
② (B) - (A) - (C)
fields more than ever, and our crops are loving
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
it.
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
(B) During the last fifty years, engineers and
crop scientists have helped farmers become
much more efficient at supplying exactly the
right amount of both.
Having a messy room can add up to negative (C) Unfortunately, these luxurious conditions
feelings and destructive thinking. Psychologists have also excited the attention of certain
say that having a disorderly room can indicate a agricultural undesirables. Because farm fields are
disorganized mental state. loaded with nutrients and water relative to the
natural land that surrounds them, they are
(A) When you clean your surroundings, positive
desired as luxury real estate by every random
and good atmosphere follows.
weed in the area.
(B) You can do more things efficiently and ① (A) - (C) - (B)
② (B) - (A) - (C)
neatly. So, clean up your closets, organize your
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
drawers, and arrange your things first, then
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
peace of mind will follow.
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

(C) Hardship is not just a lesson for the next
time in front of us. Hardship will be the
When it comes to helping out, you don’t have to greatest teacher we will ever have in life.
do much. All you have to do is come around and
① (A) - (C) - (B)
show that you care.
② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
(A) A person’s happiness comes from attention.
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
(B) If you notice someone who is lonely, you
could go and sit with them. If you work with
someone who eats lunch all by themselves, and
you go and sit down with them, they will begin
to be more social after a while, and they will
Your behaviors are usually a reflection of your
owe it all to you.
identity. What you do is an indication of the
type of person you believe that you are ―
(C) There are too many people out in the world
who feel like everyone has forgotten them or either consciously or nonconsciously.
ignored them. Even if you say hi to someone
passing by, they will begin to feel better about (A) After all, when your behavior and your
themselves, like someone cares. identity perfectly match, you are no longer
① (A) - (C) - (B) pursuing behavior change. You are simply acting
② (B) - (A) - (C) like the type of person you already believe
③ (B) - (C) - (A) yourself to be.
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) (B) Research has shown that once a person
believes in a particular aspect of their identity,
60. [23] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절 they are more likely to act according to that
한 것을 고르시오.60) belief. For example, people who identified as
We often try to make cuts in our challenges and “being a voter” were more likely to vote than
take the easy route. When taking the quick exit, those who simply claimed “voting” was an action
we fail to acquire the strength to compete. We they wanted to perform.
often take the easy route to improve our skills.
(C) Similarly, the person who accepts exercise

(A) They win through preparation. It’s the mental
as the part of their identity doesn’t have to
preparation, winning mindset, strategy, and skill that set
them apart. Strength comes from struggle, not from convince themselves to train. Doing the right
taking the path of least resistance. thing is easy.
① (A) - (C) - (B)

(B) Many of us never really work to achieve
② (B) - (A) - (C)
mastery in the key areas of life. These skills
are key tools that can be useful to our career, ③ (B) - (C) - (A)
health, and prosperity. Highly successful athletes ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
don’t win because of better equipment; they win ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
by facing hardship to gain strength and skill.
62. [29] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절 63. [30] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
한 것을 고르시오.62) 한 것을 고르시오.63)
The huntergatherer lifestyle, which can be Many human and nonhuman animals save
described as “natural” to human beings, appears commodities or money for future consumption.
to have had much to recommend it. Examination This behavior seems to reveal a preference of a
of human remains from early huntergatherer delayed reward over an immediate one: the
societies has suggested that our ancestors agent gives up some immediate pleasure in
enjoyed abundant food, obtainable without exchange for a future one.
excessive effort, and suffered very few
diseases. (A) For example, early in the year an employee
might set aside money to buy Christmas
(A) Whatever its immediate effect on the lives presents but then spend it on a summer vacation
of humans, the development of settlements and instead.
agriculture undoubtedly led to a high increase in
population density. (B) Such cases could be examples of weakness
of will. That is, the agents may judge or resolve
(B) This period, known as the New Stone Age, to spend their savings in a certain way for the
was a major turning point in human development, greatest benefit but then act differently when
opening the way to the growth of the first temptation for immediate pleasure appears.
towns and cities, and eventually leading to
settled “civilizations.” (C) Thus the discounted value of the future
reward should be greater than the undiscounted
(C) If this is true, it is not clear why so many value of the present one. However, in some
humans settled in permanent villages and cases the agent does not wait for the envisioned
developed agriculture, growing crops and occasion but uses their savings prematurely.
domesticating animals: cultivating fields was hard
① (A) - (C) - (B)
work, and it was in farming villages that
② (B) - (A) - (C)
epidemic diseases first took root. ③ (B) - (C) - (A)
① (A) - (C) - (B) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
② (B) - (A) - (C) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)

④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
The costs of interruptions are well-documented. There’s a lot of scientific evidence

Martin Luther King Jr. lamented them when he demonstrating that focused attention leads to the
described “that lovely poem that didn’t get reshaping of the brain. In animals rewarded for
written because someone knocked on the door.” noticing sound (to hunt or to avoid being hunted
for example), we find much larger auditory
(A) For Coleridge, by coincidence, the untimely centers in the brain.
visitor came at a particularly bad time.
(A) Brain scans of violinists provide more
(B) Perhaps the most famous literary example evidence, showing dramatic growth and
happened in 1797 when Samuel Taylor Coleridge expansion in regions of the cortex that represent
started writing his poem Kubla Khan from a the left hand, which has to finger the strings
dream he had but then was visited by an precisely, often at very high speed.
unexpected guest.
(B) Other studies have shown that the
(C) He forgot his inspiration and left the work hippocampus, which is vital for spatial memory,
unfinished. While there are many documented is enlarged in taxi drivers. The point is that the
cases of sudden disruptions that have had physical architecture of the brain changes
significant consequences for professionals in according to where we direct our attention and
critical roles such as doctors, nurses, control what we practice doing.
room operators, stock traders, and pilots, they
also impact most of us in our everyday lives, (C) In animals rewarded for sharp eyesight, the
slowing down work productivity and generally visual areas are larger.
increasing stress levels.
① (A) - (C) - (B)
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
② (B) - (A) - (C) ③ (B) - (C) - (A)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
④ (C) - (A) - (B) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
How did the human mind evolve? One possibility To find the hidden potential in teams, instead of
is that competition and conflicts with other brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a
human tribes caused our brains to evolve the process called brainwriting. The initial steps are
way they did. A human tribe that could outthink solo.
its enemies, even slightly, possessed a vital
advantage. (A) By developing and assessing ideas
individually before choosing and elaborating
(A) And this mental advantage was applied, over them, teams can surface and advance
and over, within each succeeding generation. possibilities that might not get attention
otherwise. This brainwriting process makes sure
(B) The tribe that could outthink its opponents that all ideas are brought to the table and all
was more likely to succeed in battle and would voices are brought into the conversation. It is
then pass on the genes responsible for this especially effective in groups that struggle to
mental advantage to its offspring. You and I are achieve collective intelligence.
the descendants of the winners.
(B) To preserve independent judgment, each
(C) The ability of your tribe to imagine and member evaluates them on their own. Only then
predict where and when a hostile enemy tribe does the team come together to select and
might strike, and plan accordingly, gives your refine the most promising options.
tribe a significant military advantage. The human
mind became a weapon in the struggle for (C) You start by asking everyone to generate
survival, a weapon far more decisive than any ideas separately. Next, you pool them and share
before it. them anonymously among the group.
① (A) - (C) - (B) ① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (A) - (C) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ③ (B) - (C) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
Simply giving employees a sense of agency ― a As businesses shift some core business
feeling that they are in control, that they have activities to digital, such as sales, marketing, or
genuine decisionmaking authority ― can archiving, it is assumed that the impact on the
radically increase how much energy and focus environment will be less negative. However,
they bring to their jobs. One 2010 study at a digital business activities can still threaten the
manufacturing plant in Ohio, for instance, environment.
carefully examined assemblyline workers who
were empowered to make small decisions about (A) In some cases, the harm of digital
their schedules and work environment. businesses can be even more hazardous. A few
decades ago, offices used to have much more
(A) Within two months, productivity at the plant paper waste since all documents were paper
increased by 20 percent, with workers taking based.
shorter breaks and making fewer mistakes.
(B) A recent Wired report declared that most
(B) They designed their own uniforms and had data centers’ energy source is fossil fuels. When
authority over shifts while all the manufacturing we store bigger data on clouds, increased carbon
processes and pay scales stayed the same. emissions make our green clouds gray. The
carbon footprint of an email is smaller than mail
(C) Giving employees a sense of control sent via a post office, but still, it causes four
improved how much selfdiscipline they brought grams of CO₂, and it can be as much as 50
to their jobs. grams if the attachment is big.
① (A) - (C) - (B)

(C) When workplaces shifted from paper to
② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
digital documents, invoices, and emails, it was a
④ (C) - (A) - (B) promising step to save trees. However, the cost
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) of the Internet and electricity for the

environment is neglected.
① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
Problems often arise if an exotic species is Growing crops forced people to stay in one
suddenly introduced to an ecosystem. Britain’s place. Hunter-gatherers typically moved around
red and grey squirrels provide a clear example. frequently, and they had to be able to carry all
their possessions with them every time they
(A) Within the same area of forest, grey moved.
squirrels can destroy the food supply before red
squirrels even have a bite. (A) Farmers, on the other hand, could live in
the same place year after year and did not have
(B) Greys can also live more densely and in to worry about transporting young children long
varied habitats, so have survived more easily distances. Societies that settled down in one
when woodland has been destroyed. As a result, place were able to shorten their birth intervals
the red squirrel has come close to extinction in from four years to about two.
England.
(B) This meant that each woman could have
(C) When the grey arrived from America in the more children than her hunter-gatherer
1870s, both squirrel species competed for the counterpart, which in turn resulted in rapid
same food and habitat, which put the native red population growth among farming communities.
squirrel populations under pressure. The grey An increased population was actually an
had the edge because it can adapt its diet; it is advantage to agricultural societies, because
able, for instance, to eat green acorns, while the farming required large amounts of human labor.
red can only digest mature acorns.
(C) In particular, mothers had to carry their
① (A) - (C) - (B)
young children. As a result, hunter-gatherer
② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
mothers could have only one baby every four
④ (C) - (A) - (B) years or so, spacing their births so that they
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) never had to carry more than one child at a
time.
① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
Spending time as children allows animals to Over the last several decades, scholars have
learn about their environment. Without childhood, developed standards for how best to create,
animals must rely more fully on hardware, and organize, present, and preserve digital
therefore be less flexible. information for future generations. What has
remained neglected for the most part, however,
(A) Childhood facilitates the passing on of are the needs of people with disabilities.
cultural information, and culture can evolve
faster than genes. Childhood gives flexibility in a (A) This situation would be much improved if
changing world. more projects embraced the idea that we should
always keep the largest possible audience in
(B) Among migratory bird species, those that mind as we make design decisions, ensuring that
are born knowing how, when, and where to our final product serves the needs of those with
migrate — those that are migrating entirely with disabilities as well as those without.
instructions they were born with — sometimes
have very inefficient migration routes. These (B) While professionals working in educational
birds, born knowing how to migrate, don’t adapt technology and commercial web design have
easily. made significant progress in meeting the needs
of such users, some scholars creating digital
(C) So when lakes dry up, forest becomes projects all too often fail to take these needs
farmland, or climate change pushes breeding into account.
grounds farther north, those birds that are born
knowing how to migrate keep flying by the old (C) As a result, many of the otherwise most
rules and maps. By comparison, birds with the valuable digital resources are useless for people
longest childhoods, and those that migrate with who are deaf or hard of hearing, as well as for
their parents, tend to have the most efficient people who are blind, have low vision, or have
migration routes. difficulty distinguishing particular colors.
① (A) - (C) - (B) ① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (A) - (C) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ③ (B) - (C) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
⑤ 생략된 목적격 관계대명사를 다시 살렸습니다. 문법상 옳

습니다.
12) It’s the mental preparation, winning mindset,

정답
strategy, and skill that set them apart
13) ⑤
1) ③ [해설] [해석] 당신이 하는 행동은 당신이 스스로를 어떤 사람이
[해설] access = have(gain/get) access to 입니다. access는 라고 믿고 있는지를 나타낸다.
타동사로서 목적어를 바로 취하게 되며 동사와 목적어 사이
에 전치사를 사용하지 않습니다. 다만, ⑤번 표현이 들어있 14) a) was → were, b) must not → doesn't have to
는 gain access to 에서 access는 명사이므로 목적어를 취 [해설] a) 주어의 핵이 people이므로 was → were로 수일치가
하기 위해서 적절한 전치사 to를 사용하여야 합니다. 따라서 되어야 합니다.
③번이 정답입니다! b) must not은 '~하면 안된다'의 의미이며, 'doesn't have
to'는 '~할 필요가 없다'의 의미이므로 서로 바꿔 사용할 수
2) (ㄱ) off 없습니다.
[해설] off 분리의 전치사로 ‘~로 부터 ~를 제거한다’는 의미에
주로 사용됩니다. 15) ②
[해설] ② 주절의 시제보다 to 부정사의 동작이 이전에 발생한
3) enough good → good enough, had sleep → hadn't 것이므로 완료형 부정사를 사용해야 합니다. to have had
sleep 가 되어야 합니다. ③ 주어의 핵이 Examination 이므로 단
[해설] 형용사 / 부사 enough to 동사원형 또는 enough 명 수취급해야 합니다. has가 아닌 have가 문법적으로 맞습니
사 to 동사원형 어순만 옳은 패턴입니다. 한 숨도 못 자다 = 다.
not sleep a wink이며, 시제 또한 과거완료를 사용해야 합
니다. (지문이 진행되는 시점(과거)보다 과거의 사건이므로) 16) it was in farming villages that epidemic diseases
first took root
4) ② 17) ③
[해설] ② '정돈된 방이 당신에게 평화를 가져다 준다'가 이 지 [해설] [해석] 수렵채집 생활방식이 뚜렷한 이유 없이 농업생활
문의 주제입니다! 방식으로 바뀌었다. *give way to ~에게 자리를 내어주다.
5) ⑤ 18) However, For example, That is

[해설] '심리학자들은 방이 무질서하다는 것은 정신 상태가 혼 19) ④
란스럽다는 것을 나타낼 수 있다고 말한다' (두 번째 문장의 [해설] [해석] 행위자는 그들의 저축을 가장 큰 이익을 위해 특
해석) 정 방식으로 사용하기로 판단하거나 결심했으나 즉각적인
즐거움에 대한 유혹이 생기면 다르게 행동할 수도 있다.
6) (ㄱ) nutrients, water
20) ③
7) ③ [해설] 방해가 업무 효율에 미치는 부정적 영향
8) help → helping, must not → don't have to 21) a) literate → literary, b) was happened → happened,
[해설] when it comes to에서 to는 전치사입니다. 따라서 뒤에 c) unfinishing → unfinished
명사상당어구(동명사 등)가 와야 합니다. don't have to 동 [해설] a) literate 긁을 읽고 쓸 줄 아는 / literary 문학의
사원형 : ~할 필요가 없다 (=don't need to) must not : ~ b) happen은 자동사이기 때문에 수동태의 형태로 사용할 수
하지 말아야 한다. 입니다. 의미가 다르므로 서로 바꿔 사용 없습니다.
할 수 없습니다. All you have to do is come 대신에 to c) the work와 unfinished(목적격보어)의 관계가 수동이기 때
come도 가능합니다. 수업 때 언급한 내용입니다! ④ which 문에 목적격보어 자리에는 과거분사를 사용합니다.
가 아닌 who가 되어야 합니다. 이 관계사절은 바로 앞의 명
사가 아닌 더 앞의 many people을 수식하고 있기 때문입 22) →, →, →, →
니다. [해설] a) 앞 부부분이 완전한 문장의 형태이며, demonstrate
는 앞의 evidence를 능동적으로 수식하는 구조이므로
9) There has never been a better time to switch to an demonstrated → demonstrating가 되어야 합니다. 앞에
online membership of TourTide Magazine. which is가 생략되어 있습니다.
b)와 c) 해당 부분의 의미는 '보상을 받는 동물들'이라는 의미
10) All you have to do is come around and show that 이므로 rewarding → rewarded가 되어야 합니다. 앞에
you care. which are가 생략되어 있습니다.
d) 앞문장의 주어가 능동적으로 show를 한다는 의미의 분사구
11) ②, ③, ④
문이므로 능동태 분사구문이 되어야 합니다. shown →
[해설] ② when we take the quick exit이 분사구문을 만드는
showing이 되어야 합니다.
과정을 거쳐 taking이 되었습니다. 능동태 분사구문을 사용
해야 합니다. '우리'가 능동적으로 '빠른 출구를 취할 때'라 23) ③
는 의미이기 때문입니다. [해설] [해석] 적대적인 적 부족이 언제 어디서 공격할 지 상상
③ fail은 to부정사만을 목적어로 취합니다. 따라서 to 하고 예측하며 그에 따라 계획을 세울 수 있는 능력은 부족
acquire가 되어야 합니다. 에게 상당한 군사적 우위를 가져다준다. ⑤ '당신을 갑작스
④ successful은 성공적인 이라는 의미, successive는 연속 러운 승자로 만들어 준다'는 논리의 비약입니다.
적인 이라는 의미입니다. 서로 바꿔 사용할 수 없는 단어입
니다. 24) ⑤
[해설] 주어의 핵이 the tribe이므로 단수취급하여서 was가 되 57) ④

어야 합니다. 58) ②
59) ②
60) ②
25) anonymously 61) ③
26) Only then does the team come together to select 62) ④
and refine the most promising options 63) ④
27) ④ 64) ②
28) ② 65) ④
29) with workers taking shorter breaks and making 66) ④
fewer mistakes 67) ⑤
30) were used to → used to 68) ②
69) ①
[해설] used to RV ~하곤 했다. be used to RV 주어가 ~하 70) ④
는 데 사용되다.이므로 앞에 be동사를 추가하여서는 안됩니 71) ④
다. 72) ③
73) ⑤
31) ④
32) ①
[해설] (A) be better off -ing ~하는 편이 더 낫다. (B) ideas
which were generated by each member를 의미하므로
them으로 받습니다. (C) 모든 아이디어들이 '테이블로 가져
와 진다'의 의미이므로 수동태로 표기하여야 합니다.
33) Only then does the team come together to select

and refine the most promising options
34) raise → arise, was arrived → arrived, that → which
[해설] a) raise 타동사로 '올리다'는 의미를 갖습니다. → arise
원문의 형태인 이 단어는 '올라가다'는 의미를 갖습니다. b)
was arrived → arrived 이 단어는 수동태로 사용할 수 없
는 자동사입니다. c) that은 관계대명사의 계속적 용법으로
사용이 될 수 없으므로, that →, which로 바뀌어야 합니다.
35) ③
[해설] [번역] 농업은 정착에 유리한 환경을 제공함으로써 인구
증가를 초래했다.
36) ③, ④
[해설] ③every가 '매', '~마다'의 의미로 사용이 될 경우에는
뒤에 복수명사가 오게 됩니다. ④ 주어가 societies이기 때
문에 복수취급을 하여서 were가 사용되어야 합니다.
37) ①
[해설] ① spending이 동명사로서 주어 역할을 하고 있으므로
단수취급을 하여야 합니다.
38) What has remained neglected for the most part,

however, are the needs of people with disabilities.
39) ⑤
[해설] 앞의 문장이 완전하므로 분사구문이며, 주절의 주어인
we가 능동적으로 '~를 보장하면서'라는 의미를 가지므로 능
동태 분사구문이 사용되어야 합니다.
40) The closer you look at your chillieating habit, the

more remarkable it seems
41) ⑤
42) ⑤
43) ②
44) ③
45) ④
46) ③
47) ②
48) ⑤
49) ③
50) ⑤
51) ⑤
52) ③
53) ②
54) ⑤
55) ③
56) ③

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※ [18] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. 3. 지문의 밑줄 친 (가) 에서 틀린 부분을 모두 찾아 바르

discount (ㄱ) __________ your current print

2. 지문의 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 적절한 전치사를 쓰시 4. 윗글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?4)

④ An orderly room makes you successful in society

disorderly at the same time

the line and my application letter was 오.5)

well­written, but was it enough? I had slept a ① an organized state of mind

great pleasure...” I shouted with joy, “I am in!” ⑤ a disorganized mental state

As I held the letter, I began to make a fantasy

※ [18] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

12. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하

● it... that 강조구문을 사용하세요!

② the fact that you cannot do something great alone

④ the type of person others believe that you are

14. 지문의 밑줄 친 (나) 에서 틀린 부분을 모두 찾아 바르 시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.16)

The costs of interruptions are

20. 윗글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?20)

차례로 쓰시오.18) ② Negative Effects of Interruptions on Writing Poems

(가) _______________________________________ ④ Positive Effects of Interruptions on Stress Levels

(나) _______________________________________ ⑤ Martin Luther King Jr.'s Capabilities of Writing Poetry

that the hippocampus, which is vital for spatial

22. 지문의 밑줄 친 (가) 에서 틀린 부분을 네 군데 찾아 ④ makes you create a special weapon

바르게 고치시오.22) ⑤ makes you a sudden winner

b) ____________________ → ____________________ 24. 윗글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?24)

고 나서야 팀이 함께 모여 가장 유망한 옵션을 선

●부정어 도치구문의 어법에 맞도록 쓰세요.

→ _______________________________________ (15자) 어야 한다.

_______________________________________________ ⑤ 결정권을 가진 직원은 실수를 거의 하지 않는다.

→ _______________________________________ (9자) ④ increased carbon emissions pollute the environment

_______________________________________________ ⑤ increased carbon emissions conserve the environment

※ [36] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. ※ [34] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

The carbon footprint of an email is smaller than collective intelligence.

mail sent via a post office, but still, it causes

게 고치시오.30) ③ (A) to shift … (B) it … (C) are brought

____________________ → ____________________ ④ (A) shifting … (B) them … (C) bring

⑤ (A) to shift … (B) them … (C) bring

Growing crops forced people ① to stay in one

③ (A) population growth … (B) favorable

34. 지문의 밑줄 친 (가) 에서 틀린 부분을 모두 찾아 바르 ④ (A) population decline … (B) favorable

※ [39] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. ※ [40] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

37. 윗글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?37)

① ② ③ ④ ⑤ 시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.38)

[보기] has / for the most par / What /

39. 윗글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?39)

※ [41~42] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. [순서 및 삽입]

All humans, to an extent, seek activities that

uncomfortable, but safe. In this context, where membership of TourTide Magazine. ( ③ ) At a

록 이는 더욱 분명하게 드러난다. When the newsletter. ( ⑤ ) Join today! Yours, TourTide

active ingredient of chillies — capsaicin — Team

touches the tongue, it stimulates exactly the

40. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하

[보기] the / The / look / closer / you / your /

42. [21] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에

undesirables. ( ⑤ ) take the easy route. ( ① ) When taking the

45. [24] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에

convince themselves to train. agent gives up some immediate pleasure in

How did the human mind evolve? One possibility

53. [38] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에

An increased population was actually an

① (A) - (C) - (B)

56. [19] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절

I began to make a fantasy about my college life

wellwritten, but was it enough? I had slept a ① an organized state of mind

b) → 24. 윗글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?24)

→ ④ (A) shifting … (B) them … (C) bring

40) The closer you look at your chillieating habit, the