"Starvation"

results from the deprivation of

regular and constant supply of food

which is necessary for maintenance of

nutritional balance of the body.

↳ included both sub-nutrition and

malnutrition
• Acute -Sudden withholding of food

• chronic → prolonged and

gradual, continous

"Eatin"

↳ state of extreme exhaustion and weakness

resulting from a lack of nourishment or insufficient

intake of essential nutrients.

mode of starvation '

 ↗

failggt.tk Refusal to

take food

Pathophysiology:- -

(glycogen stores used up to 24

hr.
then body starts to lose

adipose

tissue and muscle may.

lipolyss
i :-

↳ Adipose tissue → FFA →

Keton bodies
 (in Ske. Muscle, heart,

brain
(in urine FFA & keton bodies)

Clinical feature of acute starvation

6 feeling of hunger for 48 hrs-

following by pain on epigastrium

After 4 to 5 days, general

emaciation
Eye-sunken, pupil dilated.

↘ extremely thin

check → hollow

lip - dry and cracked

Tongue → dry and coated with

thick for

Breath → foul and offensive.

 Apathy and fatigue.

Skin - dry. Rough, wrinkled, emit

disagreeble adous

pulse - week and feeble

Temp. → Subnormal

Abdomen - Sunken (Scaphoid)

Extremities - thin and flaccid

GIT → constipation then

diarrhea.

Urea → acidosis sign.

☆ Clinical feature of chronic

Starvation

Dry type wet type.

→ pulse impalpable ↳ gross edema
- sligh edema on feet (feet, legs, arms, face)
↳ Ascites and pleural
effusion
→ pyrexia and watery
diarrhea.
→ men-eunuchoid in app.

* fatal period:-

↳ Death within 10-12 days → food &

water
No food & only water - 6 to 8 weeks.
lose of 215th or 40% of body weight lead to
death

* factor influencing fatality:-

• Age → child > old.

• Sex. → male > female

◦ Body condition → female breast

 spares some fat

• Enviosmental → cold & extreme

heat

* Treatment:-
↳ Rest and warmth. {solid food not given
straightaway
Small sips of warm water with glucose or
fruit juice followed by solid foods. gradually
→ If hurried with immediate institution of
normal feeding , there is potential
risk of .re fe e d in g syndromie

☑ Refeeding Syndrome -

↳ within 4 days , fluid &

electrolyte

disorder, specially

hypophosphatenia
* "Postmortem findings."