DRINKING WATER

NETWORKS
AND SEWER

P u b I ico
 Public Installation of Inslalatiún Dumnitiliaria de Alcantar illa Ju de Aguas Servidas
Drinking water Drinking water and Public Installation of
Wastewater Sewerage

Concessionaire Liability Customer Liability Hespnnsahilidad Cnncesinnarin

 DRINKING WATER NETWORKS

• Health Regulations: It is recommended to read

the
following rules.

• NCh 1104/98 Sanitary Engineering. Presentation and

Contents of Drinking Water and Sewage Systems
Projects.

• NCh 691/98 Drinking Water: Conduction, Regulation and

Distribution.

• NCh 1360 Pipe Systems for the conduction of drinking

water – Installation and testing on site.
 ORD. CIRCULAR N° 1086 /
FROM: ANT.: There is no SUPERINTENDENT OF HEALTH SERVICES
MAT.: Competence of professionals and non-professionals in Sanitary Engineering

TABLE N° 1

SUMMARY OF COMPETENCE OF PROFESSIONALS AND

SPECIALISTS IN THE PREPARATION OF DESIGN PROJECTS
OF THE DIFFERENT AREAS OF SANITARY ENGINEERING

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Civil engineer Yea Yeah Yeah Yeah Yeah
Architect h Yea No No No No
Civil engineer h Yea No No No No
SISS Specialist h Yea No No No No
h
1) Project for home drinking water and sewage installations connected to public networks.
2) Drinking water supply and wastewater disposal project not connected to public networks (private
systems).
3) Project for public drinking water and sewage networks.
4) Project for public and private drinking water and sewage systems.
5) Industrial liquid waste project.
 SUMMARY OF COMPETENCE OF PROFESSIONALS AND
SPECIALISTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE WORKS
SANITARY

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

Civil engineer Yeah Yeah Yeah Yeah Yeah Yeah
Architect Yeah No No No No Yeah
Civil engineer Yeah Yeah Yeah Yeah Yeah Yeah
Siss Specialist Yeah No No No No Yeah

1) Construction of home drinking water and sewage facilities connected to public networks
2) Construction of drinking water supply and wastewater disposal works not connected to
public networks (private systems).
3) Construction of public drinking water and sewage networks.
4) Construction of public and private drinking water and sewage systems.
5) Construction of industrial liquid waste treatment works.
6) Connections and splices to the networks in use (*).
(*) According to what is expressed in Art. 4 of the first part of the DSMOP No. 70/81, to act
in this area, it is also necessary to be registered in a Special Public Registry, which
each company will maintain to act in the operational territory of that entity.
• 1. BACKGROUND THAT A PROJECT SHOULD CONSIDER
DRINKING WATER AND SEWER.

• 1.1. Project entry letter.

• 1.2. Feasibility certificate.
• 1.3. Magnetic Backing.
• 1.4. Lot plan approved by the I. Municipality. If it were
social housing, a document certifying said qualification is also requested.
• 1.5. Calculation memory.
• 1.6. Technical Specifications
• 1.7. Hydraulic Verification.
• 1.8. Estimated budget.
• 1.9. Blueprints.
• 1.10. Soil mechanics.
• 1.11. Home project green areasand corporate headquarters. if
appropriate.
• 1.12. Easement plan, yes corresponds.
• 1.13. Copy of project parallelism and traversal presented to the
Highway Directorate, for information.
• Entry Letter: This must be addressed to the Competent Authority, and must
indicate all the information contained in the project, such as: location,
 number of homes and flows. This letter must be signed by the designer. The
name, signature, address and telephone number of the Designer must be
clearly indicated in their cover letter.

• All Drinking Water and Sewerage projects for an urbanization must be

prepared by a civil engineer in the area (Hydraulic, Sanitary or similar in
accordance with Law 12,581 and ORD SISS No. 1086 of 11/11/1993), and
be presented for review. in accordance with the provisions of the INN NCh
1.104 Of standard. 98.

• Public feasibility certificate: Document granted by the concessionaire in

response to the public feasibility request, which highlights the infrastructure
background of:

– Drinking water: connection points, pressures, diameter and matrix material.

– Sewer : connection points, diameter, material and depth of the collector.

• Calculation Report: The report must be presented in accordance

with NCh 1104 of.98, and corresponds to the written presentation of
background, process, calculations and results that make up the
 project. It must be clear, concise and complete in all its parts.

• It must include in attached form, in paper and digital (Excel), all the
calculation sheets and hydraulic verification of the drinking water
and sewage networks, including at each node terrain elevation,
demand and number of homes per section.

• If the design requires civil works, the details of the structures must
be attached, its sizing and calculations
corresponding.

• When the pipes exceed 200 mm in diameter, the calculation of the

cores must be attached to the report.

• Plans: The plans must contain: plan index, symbology, summary and scale
according to Nch 1104 Of98, diagram of taps, table of nodes and special
parts, location diagram and vignette.

• The following plans must be included as appropriate:

• General Plan: Geographic location and description of works included;
location and elevations of reference points, reconnaissance wells,
stratigraphic profiles, contour lines, cross-sectional profiles that include the
type of road, location of existing and projected pipes with their diameters
and material and any other installation of any other service. Floor plans
should be drawn so that north always faces up.

• Longitudinal Profiles: Consider all the indications established in NCh 1104

and Nch 1105.
HEk = HRH oorc

•h TMIHEFH"IHFH
Home connection plan
FAUCET DIAGRAM

1 COLUMN TAP WITH INTERMEDIATE FLANGE

FeFdOD 100MM TERMINAL 88 Fe Fdo O 100MM

SKATE ELBOW 88 Fe Signed D: 100MM

ELASTOME RIC VALVE BB Fe F6o D 100MM
GIBAULT UNION D: 100MM
CURVE 1/4 GG Fe Fdo D: 100MM ADAPTER P VC-G D:100MM TUOOPVC L-
VAR D:100MM
TEE OVAR MM SHORT TUBE GG
SPoro ESSA TYPE CAMERA

(9
• Cross Profiles: they must be drawn in such a way as to indicate both the
planned works and all existing interferences on the ground.

• All projected structures, details, camera frames,

pipes, special parts, etc.

• All existing pipes and plumbing must be drawn on the floor plan.
projected, with their corresponding symbols, contour elevations must be
indicated every 1 meter.

• For drinking water, the existing and projected network of the sector must be
indicated, indicating the barracks or barracks; with its valves and taps that
are part of the urbanization.

• A detailed table indicating the dimensions of the buttresses, when

applicable, must be attached to the floor plan.

• Indicate Reference Point (PR), indicating its location and description on the
floor plan.
 Drinking water projects

--------// ----------------#--------- Existing pipe to be removed

..... and------------——--------- Existing pipeline

— Projected pipe

future pipeline expansion

9 Projected faucet

FF Existing GrfD

9 future tap

«,

• Projected valve

either Existing valve

© Future valve
 Drain

d
V

Sucker

HN— Retention valve

flow meters

GRADES

1 Name The line that represents the pipe, the length, type of material and nominal diameter must be indicated.

2 When there is uniformity of any of these characteristics, it may be specified in the symbology.

3 When the pipe has a nominal diameter indicated in inches, the plans will indicate the diameter in millimeters and then, in parentheses, the equivalence in inches.

4 Any element used in the plan that does not have a standardized representation must be included in the project syllabus.
5.6 Population study

The census statistics, the current regulatory plan will be analyzed and possible areas of expansion of the
place will be considered, in order to be able to project the total population and to be served, which will be
duly justified by the designer.

• Methods for determining population growth:

• Arithmetic: used for stabilized populations.

• Pf = Pa + na
• Pf: Future population
• Pa: Current population
• n: Number of years
• a: Annual growth rate (%)

• Geometric: Used for populations with high population growth.

• Pf = Pa ( 1 + p) n
• p: Growth as much as one.
 Comparison with a city with a larger population but similar conditions:
Populations and projection are compared.

• Graphic system by sentiment: The growth that has been observed is

graphed and the graph is extended by sentiment. (criterion).

• Logistic curve or S-shaped curve: The initial growth study is approximately

exponential; After a while, competition appears among some members of P for
some critical resource K ("bottleneck") and the growth rate decreases; Finally,
at maturity, growth stops.

5.7 Drinking water consumption studies

An analysis must be done considering billing statistics, grouped according to building characteristics,
socio-economic level, seasonal factors and type of consumers, determining the total annual consumption
of each level. The number of starts, associated homes, supplied population and consumption provisions
must also be determined.

• Terminology

• Annual consumption: volume of water consumed during a year, measured at the outlet of the
regulation pond.
• Daily consumption: volume of water consumed during 24 hours, measured at the outlet of the
regulation tank.
• Average daily consumption: Annual consumption / 365
• Maximum daily consumption: volume of water consumed on the day of maximum consumption of the
month of maximum consumption, measured at the outlet of the regulation tank.
• Maximum hourly consumption: volume of water consumed at the hour of maximum consumption of the
day of maximum consumption, measured at the outlet of the regulation tank.
• Average monthly consumption: annual consumption / 12
• Barracks: sector of the distribution network in which the supply of drinking water can be temporarily
suspended, without affecting the general supply.
• Drain: installation that allows the controlled evacuation of water.
• Regulation pond: drinking water storage unit, which can be buried,
semi-buried or elevated depending on the project requirements.
 Coverage: corresponds to the value in percentage of the population
that is supplied with respect to the total population.

• Non-revenue water (ANC)

– Water losses in facilities.

– Measurement inaccuracies.
– Operational and fire consumption.

(ANC) = (Volume produced / Volume of water billed)

in %

Endowment: corresponds to the total annual water consumption of a

population divided by the number of inhabitants and divided by 365.
That is, it is the average daily consumption per capita.
 Consumption provision: Dc=VFA/(Pop. * 365)

• Production allocation: Dp=VPA/(Pop. * 365)

The amount depends on several factors:

- Climate.
- Standard of living.
– Existence or not of sewerage.
- Industrial activity.
– Cost of water.
– Water quality.
– Pressure on the network.
– Existence of meters.
– Existence of gardens, etc.
 Standard of
living

" And Cost gua

.*—

20001 www.carkosmunern.com
• Maximum consumption coefficients and factors

• Coefficient of the month of maximum consumption

(CMMC) = Highest monthly consumption / Average monthly consumption

• Coefficient of the day of maximum consumption in the month of

maximum consumption

(CDMC) = Maximum daily consumption / Average daily consumption of the month of highest
consumption

• Maximum consumption day factor

(FDMC) = (CMMC)*(CDMC)

• Peak Consumption Factor

(FHMC) = Maximum hourly consumption / Average hourly consumption of the day of highest daily
consumption
 Variations in consumption

• Maximum daily consumption: This is not constant throughout the year,

but is higher in the summer months and minimum in the winter months. The
ratio between the maximum daily consumption and the average daily
consumption varies between 1.2 and 2.0, with the average term 1.5 being
the most used in projects.

Maximum daily flow for the year

Maximum daily flow per year

day of the
year
The COMET Program
• Maximum hourly consumption: Consumption is not constant 24 hours a
day, being affected by multiple factors. The ratio between the maximum
hourly consumption and the average hourly consumption varies between 1.4
and 2.5. The higher the standard of living in a city, the higher the coefficient
and it can even reach a factor of 3.0. In Chile, a coefficient of 1.5 is usually
used, which corresponds to a city with a low standard.
• Average daily flow of drinking water (Qmd):

Qmd
= 86 400*
WO
• Maximum daily flow rate (Qmaxd):

Qmüxd = FDMC x Qmd (L/Is)

• Maximum hourly flow (Qmaxh):

Omsxft = FHMC ■ Omaxd (L/s)

• Drinking Water Networks: The design of the drinking water conduction,
regulation and distribution system from the source to the beginning of the
home installation must be carried out in accordance with Nch 691 Of98.

5 Driving
5.1 Driving, in general, is made up of two parts:

5.1.1 primary conduction, between supply sources and regulation elements including:

5.1.2 secondary conduction, between regulation elements and distribution network.

5.1.1 The primary conduction must be calculated considering the daily volume of water for the day of
maximum expected consumption.

5.1.2 Secondary conduction must be calculated for the expected maximum hourly consumption (peak
hour) and verified for the consumption on the day of maximum consumption plus the fire flow rate.
Secondary driving
 TYPES OF
NETWORKS

Y Open or branched networks

o
)
Illi

SOURCE: Ingenieríaparaelagua.com
ii) Closed Networks:
 Potable water networks must be designed as closed networks .

7.6.6 Blind branches are accepted only in the case of passages with a single access or at the end of
urbanizations; see section 7.3.5.

7.3.5 In the case of blind branches, the designer must consider a mechanism that avoids still water
points in the network.

Q7

7.3.1 The area served by a network must be divided into barracks.

7.3.2 The barracks will be designed so that the total length of the pipes is less than 1 000 m. Special
cases will be at the discretion of the Competent Authority.

• Barracks must be able to be isolated by means of valves, so that any repair

or interruption of supply affects only the barracks and not the entire
population.

• Each barracks must be able to be drained through a tap or drain valve

placed at the lowest point of it.

• Layout

• The provisions of section 7.6 of NCh 691 must be complied with.

• The minimum depth of the drinking water network must be 1.10 m,
measured on the key of the pipe, section 7.6.1 of NCh 691.

• Depths are understood to be measured from the pavement or slab grade.

• At each point connection to network existing must be carried out

pit at the end to locate the pipe corresponding and know the
terrain characteristics.

• In the case of pipelines of others services, these must be located

always under the water pipe potable. In routes parallel to networks
sewer, you should try to maintain a free distance of at least 2 m between the
pipes of both systems. In the case of crossings between both systems, the
minimum free distance between them must be 30 cm, otherwise a
reinforcement core duly sized in plans must be installed. Section 7.6.3 and
7.6.4 of NCh 691, respectively.

The trench will be excavated in the alignment of the pipeline layout, according to the
project and considering difficulties in the terrain such as trees, posts, canals, other
pipelines (gas, electricity, telephone, etc.).

• The trench will be excavated respecting the alignment, levels and slopes specified in
the respective plans.
 The depth of the trench is a function of the static and dynamic loads, the
diameter and the particular conditions of the work.

• The depth, for both plastic and metal pipes, in distribution networks, must
allow the bedding, pipe and fill to be installed above the key of said pipe,
and must be at least 1.10 m from the key. to the ground level, except in the
case of technical conditions duly justified before the Competent Authority.

For the primary

and secondary
conduction, described in NCh691, the minimum depth and its layout are
established in the project and in the respective plans.
 The width of the trench at surface level varies depending on its depth, the type of
slope and the diameter of the pipe to be installed.

• For pipes with diameters greater than 75 mm, the minimum width at the bottom and at
the key of the pipe will be equal to the outside diameter of the pipe plus 30 cm on
each side.
Figure 6 b Width of the trench.
• Trench shapes

• The narrow trench is the most convenient type for installing buried pipes, as
potential loads are minimized. The wide trench implies that the pipe must
support greater weights than in the case of the
narrow ditch.

• If the walls of the trench are unstable, shoring,

formwork or other means must be installed to
support the walls.

• If the bottom of the trench is unstable, it should be stabilized or other

foundation methods such as beaming, use of geotextiles, chemical means,
exhaustion, etc. should be used.
• Sand bed.

• The pipes should not be placed directly on the bottom of the trench.

• The tubes must sit on the bedding material along their entire length, which is
why it is constructed to adapt to irregularities in the diameter of the tube,
caused by changes in section and/or placement of joining accessories.

• The bedding will consist of a flat, smooth layer of clean, compacted sand
free of stones or other obstacles that could damage the tubes.

• The sand bed must be at least 10 cm high to support the tubes.

The surface of the bedding material must follow the slope specified in the
design.
• It is essential to provide the pipe with uniform and continuous support along
its entire length.

The use of clay material immediately around the pipe, whether in bedding,
side or top fill, is prohibited.
• Filling the Trench

• Filling the trench once the pipe is installed must be done:

• Initial and lateral filling must be done with class II or III soils or
same loan previously screened, compacted in layers of 0.15 m at 90% of
the Standard Proctor.

• The rest must be made with the material extracted from the excavation,
without organic matter and sieved with a minimum opening of 25 mm, in
layers of 30 cm and compacted to 95% of the Modified Proctor.

• The use of heavy mechanical hammers or vibrations should only begin

when the cover has reached approximately 700 mm above the pipe. Never
attempt to compact the support bed or fill by using water, positive results will
not be obtained with this method.
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• In all new installations of drinking water pipes, a notice of the existence of
pipes installed in trenches must be placed. As an indicator, a continuous
plastic tape must be used, with a minimum width of 0.10 m, which must be
placed on the axis of the pipe and 0.40 m below the final ground level of the
street.

• The plastic tape must be blue, to warn of the existence of a drinking water
pipe.

• The plastic tape must be replaced when it is damaged by third-party work,

at their expense.

• It is not the provider's obligation to replace this tape in future repairs.

• The plastic tape can be complemented with another indicator of the

existence of the pipe, to allow the location of a drinking water or sewage
pipe without having to carry out reconnaissance excavations. This indicator
must be defined by the provider.
• Pipes and accessories used to convey drinking water must comply with
Chilean standards corresponding to the material of the pipe and accessory.
The following Table summarizes the applicable pipe and fitting materials
and standards.

Material Pipe standard Standard accessories

Steel NCh2087 NCh2087

Gray fundition NCh402 NCh402

Ductile cast iron NCh2611 NCh2611
PE NCh398/1 NCh398/2
NCh398/3
NCh398/4

PVC NCh399 NCh1721

PP NCh1618 NCh1842
NCh2089
NCh2556
Tube of
Asbestos
Ductile steel Reinforced
cement
function concrete
Materials

PVC
HDP Copp
E er
• The minimum nominal diameter of the pipes must be 100 mm. However,
nominal diameters of 75 mm may be accepted in passages, provided that
connections to larger diameter pipes are available less than 50 m from any
point in the pipe.

• Pipes with a nominal diameter of 75 mm must be checked for the installed

cost of at least three taps per residential unit, office, commercial premises or
other similar unit, according to the corresponding installed cost, indicated in
the Home Installations Regulation.

• Pipes for connecting taps from the feed point must have a minimum nominal
diameter of 100 mm.

• The pipe material must be the most appropriate according to the quality of the
water and the terrain, the demand of the network and the commercial
diameters of usual manufacture, as long as they comply with the applicable
Chilean standards or, in the absence of these, with the Specifications.
Techniques of the Superintendence of Health Services.
• Pipes, fittings or sections of pipe should be carefully lowered into the trench.
Under no circumstances should they be dropped into the trench.

• When changes in direction are made and on steep slopes (greater than 10%),
each pipe must be fixed with an anchor plug to prevent the pipe from slipping.

• Before assembling the pipe with a fitting or with other pipe, it is

They must clean the ends to be joined.

• When pipes of length less than 6 m are required, these are

They must be cut with a saw or saw. The cuts must be straight and the end
must be beveled with a rasp, so that they are free of burrs.

• The execution of the joints must follow the instructions of the

standards corresponding to the pipe material. The following Table
summarizes the pipe materials and applicable joining method
standards.
Flange
Unions

double
flange

FIG 4.14.4a
Union Plug Cord
PVC joints
Accessories: Corresponds to the connecting pieces necessary to
complement the piping system, such as curves, tees, couplets and similar

Elbow
s
Elbows, Tee, Crosses.
Reduction

Sleeve
Gate Valves

Check or Check Valves

 Detail of drinking water valve chamber
(According to HA type plan e-2)
CORTEA-A
SUPPORT MACHINE
170 KGCEM./M3 •
P VC AG ADAPTER
STUCCO 002m II
TERMINAL pC Fe FdoBG

TUBOP.VC/ /B
UNION GIBAULT/

4' POOL
.. . WITH GRID

BB CUT
(ON SIDEWALK WITH PAVEMENT, ROAD TYPE COVER)

•0.60— I CONCRETE
PAVEMENT
PAVEMENT

1 AAMAD/
00 —ESTUC0_
PV
ADARTADO

PIPEPV.C./ / _______________________________. rapture

UNIONGSBAULT/ 0 07! Emu L /

0.20
CEMENT PIPE
TABLET OF 4
Yo PILETADE4*
REINFORCED CONCRETE/
340KG.CEMM3 1
Shut-Off Valve Diagram
 G.M
.
0.60

CAM
ERA
srov

IUBOF.

NOTE : THE SUPPLY OF A 050mm HOSE IS CONSIDERED. And 5.0m. OF LENGTH. WITH STORZ
UNION TO COUPLER TO DRAIN.

Plan Type of Drain Valve Chamber

 • Suction cups (or air valves) are essential equipment in any hydraulic
network since they allow us to manage the air that we find within the network,
due to incomplete filling, dissolved air that turns into gas due to a change in
pressure or temperature, to the aspirations of the pumps, etc. If this air present
in our network is not adequately controlled, we can suffer phenomena such as
vacuum inside the pipe, air pockets that translate into an effective reduction of
the pipe, cavitations, accelerated wear of the meters, etc.
• Service pressures:

• At ground level above the pipe, the minimum service pressure in the
distribution pipes, excluding starting, must be 147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2 = 15
mca), for the maximum hourly consumption, with a pressure loss maximum
of 49 kPa (5 mca) at start-up.

• For services not subject to the concession regime, the Competent Authority
may establish a higher minimum pressure.

• At ground level above the pipe, the static pressure in distribution pipes must
not be greater than 686.47 kPa (7 kgf/cm2 = 70 mca).

• In the case of using taps, the minimum pressure in the network at ground
level, calculated with the maximum daily flow conditions plus the fire, must
be equal to or greater than 49.03 kPa (0.5 kgf/cm2 = 5 mca).
• Short Pressure Valves

• In general, in network projects, placing short-pressure valves to separate

the lower-pressure sectors from the higher-pressure ones will be avoided, if
possible, and in these cases, separate networks should be designed based
on regulation tanks at different levels.

• If there is no other alternative, in the opinion of the Competent Authority. A

project with a short-pressure valve that is adjustable and maintains the pre-
established pressures with and without flow (static) will be accepted. 2 units
will be placed in parallel, with their respective shut-off valves and
corresponding special pieces, the entire assembly will go in a chamber
specially designed for it.

• The design of the valves must consider both the service pressures and the
necessary flows to be supplied.
DEPOSIT TO

WHEN PLACING INTERMEDIATE DEPOSIT

• Regulation and storage:

• Drinking water systems must include regulation tanks to compensate

between maximum daily production and maximum daily consumption and
have a reserve in case of emergency, such as fire, pipe rupture, or power
outages.

• To calculate the capacity of the ponds, the regulation, fire and reserve
volumes must be considered.

• The regulation volume is determined based on the primary conduction and

consumption curves, corresponding to the day of maximum consumption,
with a minimum of 15% of the latter volume.

• To deal with accidental failures in production, lifting and primary driving,

consideration should be given to a volume backup
(security), which must be determined by the Competent Authority,
depending on the vulnerability of the system. The minimum volume to be
considered must be equivalent to 2 hours of consumption on the day of
maximum expected consumption.
 Fire Volume:

• The fire volume is determined according to the demand and duration of the
incident (2 hr per fire).

• Section 6.2.2 of NCh 691 must be complied with. Fire consumption for
hydraulic sizing will be determined under a design flow additional to the
Qmean of 16l/s for each tap. The operating conditions of these are
determined according to the amount of population in the subdivision; This is
indicated in the following table:

Area served, population in Number of taps in simultaneous

Fire volume, minimum in m3
thousands of inhabitants use

Up to 6 1 115
> 6-25 2 230
>25-60 3 346
> 60-150 5 576
> 150 6 690
• Alternatively and when its infrastructure allows it, the company
 health provider can use 32 L/s taps.

• When the fire volume, calculated based on 2 hours of incident,

exceeds the regulation volume, the Competent Authority may authorize a
value of less than 2 hours of loss as a calculation basis but not less than 1
hour; In any case, the volume of the pond must be at least 60 m3.

• The designer must determine the volume of the pond taking the largest
value that results from the following relationships:

a) Vreg + Vinc

b) Vreg + Vreserv

• Distances between taps and fire points:

• The provisions of section 7.3.3 of NCh 691 must be complied with.

– a) In complexes with isolated or paired buildings, the distance through streets or
passages between the tap and the furthest building will be a maximum of 150 m.

– b) In complexes with continuous buildings, consisting of 3 to 50 housing units,

offices, commercial premises or other similar units, the distance through streets
or passages between the tap and the furthest unit horizontally will be a maximum
of 100 m.

– c) In complexes with continuous buildings, consisting of more than 50 housing

units, offices, commercial premises or other similar units, the distance through
streets or passages between the tap and the unit furthest away horizontally will
be a maximum of 50 m.
 Types of faucets:
Taps for firefighter use, which connect directly to the network, must be painted
royal yellow (Panton O12C).
 1. Column tap Molten faith
2.- Flange flange terminal (BB) Molten faith

Pedestal faucet, Flange Union3.- Elbow shoe flange flange (BB) Molten faith
Solera TapMolten faith
4.- Fe cast L=2 m flange flange (BB)
5.- Flange flange valve (BB) Molten faith
6.- Bell flange terminal (BC) Molten faith
7.- pipe piece PVC

8.- 1/4 tenon-bell curve PVC

9.. PVC pipe piece with bell PVC
10.. TEE bell-bell-bell PVC

11.- Drinking water matrix PVC

• The diameter must be at least 100 mm and the height of the fire outlet with
respect to the ground must be between 60 cm and 80 cm (it must be
installed so that the base of the tap is at ground level).
COLUMN FIRE TAP DETAIL WITH
INTERMEDIATE FLANGE
PAINTING TO BE
USED IN TEACHING

• The taps to be used will be column taps, they7 must have a vertical black line
at their base, indicating the direction in which the valve chamber is located
and on this line the numbers indicating their approximate distance in
meters. Black enamel
• Numbers Number size 35 X60mm

Black stripe 150mm high x 15mm wide

070 meters

Comrade valve
type
• The valve closes clockwise, but in the event that said valve closes in the
opposite direction, the faucet will have a 5 cm green ring painted between
the head and the body (this will indicate that the valve opens clockwise).

COLUMN FIRE TAP DETAIL WITH

INTERMEDIATE FLANGE
PAINTING USED IN
ENSENMIAOION

(7 Íw
Green Ring (Only when the valve opening of the ring pe opens in the
opposite direction to normal)
• Anchor Plugs.

• The location of the anchor plugs depends on the direction of the thrust and
the type of accessory.

• Anchors and supports will be used in:

– Changes of direction withtees, elbows,etc

– diameter changes, like the reductions.

– The valves.

– The plugs.

In vertical curves, if the fill is not sufficient to support the thrust effort under its own weight,
the pipe must be anchored with concrete and clamps.
A detailed table indicating the dimensions
of the buttresses, when applicable, must be
attached to the floor plan.
• The valves must be fixed to an anchor plug using steel clamps or simply
embedded in a concrete plug.
• Pressure tests: Once all the pipes, taps, valves, drinking water start with
niches and meters, special parts, etc. are installed. and prior to the
connection to the existing public matrix according to the connection point
granted in the Public Feasibility Certificate, the assembly will be subjected to
a hydraulic tightness test.

• The drinking water piping system must be subjected to field pressure tests,
as described below, these must be verified and controlled by the providing
company:

• a) preparation for the final hydrostatic pressure test;

• b) initial hydrostatic pressure test immediately after preparation;

• c) final hydrostatic pressure test;

• d) test of starts that belong to urbanizations.

• Equipment: For the hydrostatic pressure test, the following equipment is

needed, both for plastic and metallic piping systems:
• a) hydraulic pressure pump, with sufficient power to reach and maintain the
test pressure;

• b) appropriate pond and water measuring elements to determine the amount

added to maintain the specified test pressure;

• c) stopcock and check valve;

• d) air bleed valves;

• e) two manometers, with a sensitivity of 0.01 MPa (0.1 kgf/cm2); and

• f) two plugs, with diameters that allow the ends of the pipe to be sealed.
• Essay preparation:

• 1 The pipes must be in the trench, with partially compacted backfill,

leaving 1.5 m uncovered in front of each joint. The compaction must be at
least 0.3 m thick above the pipe key.

• 2 The length of the section must be less than or equal to 500 m. This length
must take into account local factors such as pipe profile, weather conditions,
traffic, time available to complete backfill, location of permanent concrete
anchor, availability of water for testing and adequate anchorage for plugs.

• 3 The hydraulic pump and pressure gauge should be installed at the end
bottom of the section.

• 4 The section to be tested must be filled slowly with water, if possible by

the lowest point of the section, to expel the air through exhausts placed at
the high points. Before carrying out the test, the air contained in the pipes
must be completely eliminated. It is recommended that the filling rate be
carried out with a flow speed no greater than 0.05 m/s.

• 5 Before starting the test, all accessories must be installed

in its final position and the pipe must be anchored in all changes of direction.
• 6 The ends of the section under test must be sealed with the plugs before
to start the test.

• Initial pressure test:

• 1 The initial pressure test is carried out in sections, leaving the

all joints.

• The pipes filled with water are subjected to a test pressure, p e , which
depends on the nominal pressure of the pipe to be tested, as specified in
the following Table
 Test Pressure

Nominal pressure, PN Test pressure, pe

MPa MPa
PN < 1 pe = 1.5
PN > 1 pe=PN+ 0.5

Nominal Pressure (PN): maximum working pressure that the pipe supports for transporting fluid
under normal operating conditions at 20°C

• The duration of the test, for metallic and plastic pipes, depends on the
nominal external diameter of the pipe. The following Table indicates the
duration of the test according to the nominal diameter of the pipe.

Nominal outside diameter

d
you h

d, < 400 mm 3

400mm < < < 700mm 12

d, > 700mm 24
• During the test, the pressure loss must be less than or equal to the values
indicated in the following Table. If there are failures or leaks, these must be
repaired and then the test must be repeated.

Test pressure, p, Pressure loss, AP

MPa MPa
p < 1.5 6 0,010

1.5 < p e < 1.6 0,015

p e >1.6 0,020

Final pressure test: The minimum test time is 30 min

• 1 The final pressure test is carried out in the trench, with all sections
tested, joined together and the filling completed, except in the areas where
the sections join.
 Union - Stuffed Unio
\ n

Bedridde
n

Uncovered joints for pressure testing

• 2 Pipes filled with water are subjected to a test pressure, eg,

which depends on the material of the pipe and which must comply,
depending on the material of the pipe, with what is indicated in points 3 and
4 below.

• 3 Metallic pipes: During the test, the loss of water volume

admissible must be less than or equal to:
in what:

ΔV = volume of water, expressed in liters (L);

Di = diameter of the pipe of each section, expressed in centimeters (cm);
Li = length of each section, expressed in kilometers (km);
• 4 Plastic pipes: During the test, the filtration must be less or
like:

HXDX V PE
AQ
13
In what: < 100

• ΔQ = filtration;
• Q = amount of filtered water, expressed in liters per hour (L/h);
• n = number of joints in the tested section;
• D = nominal diameter of the pipe, expressed in millimeters (mm);
• p e = test pressure, expressed in kilograms per square centimeters (kg/cm2).
• Network Washing:

• This item applies after compliance with the hydraulic tests.

• Washing process: The washing of an entire service area must be

scheduled, without leaving sections of said area unwashed. The washing
 execution must be planned in advance.

• Hewashed networks consider the following:

• 1. Examine the net to be washed, through of plans and visit to

land,
with the objective of planning all activities.

• 2. Choose the service area to be washed.

Yes there are various service areas in
waterfall, where one supplies another, located downstream, wash always
from upstream to downstream, in order to use clean water from an already
washed area.

• 3. Subdivide the service area to be washed into sections or washing lines,

formed by sections connected in series, so that the flow always occurs
through a line, without the possibility of parallel or mesh-shaped flows.
Identify the sequence of washing sections or lines, always ensuring that the
washing progresses from upstream to downstream. The diameter of the
 washing line is recommended to be unique.

• 4. The location of the shut-off valves, faucets and drain points of the
The line to be washed must allow adequate quartering to the pipe washing
requirement. The operation of all these elements must be verified on the
ground in advance.

• 5. The area to be washed must be pressurized with appropriate equipment,

Using potable water in the process, the washing must drag and eliminate
any foreign element that has been deposited inside the pipes.

• 6. Samples must be taken from the wash water at the point of exit.
assigned, to verify that the washing is carried out.

• 7. Locate safety signage to protect the equipment, when

own and third-party technical personnel, in addition to pedestrians and
vehicles, during the washing, according to the procedure established by the
respective health company.

• 8. Check the good condition of the work elements and equipment of the
personnel in charge of the washing tasks, prior to the start of the washing
work.
• Disinfection: This procedure is based on ANSI/AWWA C 651 and also
appears in NCh2890.

• After washing, the pipe must be disinfected before being put into service.
The disinfectant to be used must be sodium hypochlorite with a minimum of
10% active available chlorine.

• 1 Application of the disinfectant

• The application of sodium hypochlorite to the pipe must be carried out with a
dosing pump that incorporates the disinfectant through a temporary starter
located at the beginning of the pipe. The filling of the pipe to be disinfected
with water must be carried out by means of a start, independent of the
previous one if necessary, connected to a pipe in use.
 2 Disinfectant concentration:

• The starter used to fill the pipe with water must have a stop valve, which
must be opened slowly to regulate the inlet water flow, understanding that
the filling must be done simultaneously with the incorporation of the sodium
hypochlorite as such. in a way that ensures a minimum concentration of 25
mg/L of uniform total chlorine along the pipe, to achieve a residual chlorine
of no less than 10 mg/L after 24 hours (see calculation example and graph
in NCh2890). If the water temperature during the disinfection process is
lower than 5ºC, the residence period of sodium hypochlorite should be
extended to 48 hours.
• 3 Sample collection and analysis:

• To ensure that the 25 mg/L concentration is applied, chlorine concentrations

must be measured at intermediate points, every 500 linear m maximum, and
at the end of the pipe, using start-ups from previously defined locations, by
the inspector. or existing home starts in the pipe to be disinfected. Chlorine
concentration analyzes of the samples must be carried out with a
LOVIBOND type colorimetric comparator equipment or similar.

• During the incorporation of sodium hypochlorite, the valves and taps must
be closed and remain closed until the laboratory personnel take the
necessary samples.

• This sampling must be carried out 24 hours or 48 hours, depending on the

case, from the end of the application of the disinfectant.
• Disinfection results, evaluation and compliance:

• The compliance of the disinfection is subject to the result of the analyzes

carried out, which must indicate that the water sample taken from the pipe is
free of contamination by coliform bacteria, its turbidity is less than 2 NTU
and the chlorine concentration is less 10 mg/L. Sampling and analysis must
be carried out by personnel previously authorized by the providing company,
once the inspector reports the completion of the application of the
disinfectant.

• Redisinfection:

• If the results of the analyzes do not meet the established quality

requirements, a re-disinfection of the work must be carried out. This re-
disinfection must be carried out according to the same procedure followed
for the disinfection already carried out, that is, applying the disinfectant
again and requesting the taking of samples for analysis. The process should
be repeated as many times as necessary until bacteriological, turbidity and
residual chlorine results are obtained, as specified.
• Final verification of public drinking water installation.

• Once the connection to the existing public network has been made, the final
verification of the installation will be carried out, which must consist of at
least the following:

• Operation of taps and foot valves, which will allow detecting any stones or
malfunctions, at the same time the network can be washed using the taps to
remove dirt, sand, etc. or any foreign element that could contaminate, give
color or flavor to the water, thus eliminating that possibility, it is advisable to
carry out a control sampling of the water in the subdivision network as soon
as possible and prior to its delivery or final reception.

• Operation of shut-off and drain valves.

• Painting of faucets in accordance with current Regulations and Instructions.

• Final verification of drinking water startup.

• After the connection to the public network has been made, at least the
following will be verified:

• Existence of cement sidewalk key guard compressed to 30 cm. of the fence

line.

• Niche existence.

• Existence of a stopcock.

• Distance and horizontality of the meter (minimum 0.20 m. between the niche
and the top of the meter).

• In the ETA, it must be indicated in the construction plan item that for the
entire pipeline layout, the plan will include the type of pavement, type of
terrain and whether or not it has a layer. In addition, it must be stated in the
 ETE that at the time of receipt of the works, the approved paving plan must
be presented along with the construction plan.

• Paving Plan: Along with the presentation of the Project, the paving plan
entered or approved by SERVIU must be attached.

• Easement Plan: If the project considers an easement for drinking water

and/or sewage installations, the corresponding plan must be attached, and
its legalization must be formalized before connection to the public networks
in service.

• The right of way must be indicated on the floor plan.

• Interferences with Land and Works of Other Services:

• The designer must process the approval of the occupation of land (road strip
and parallelism) and works (bridges and railway crossings), at the time of
entering the projects. You must attach, at least, a project approval letter to
the respective organization.
• Condominiums: Extensions of networks that are projected on private land,
or that are embrace the law of Horizontal Co-ownership
(Condominiums) must be governed under the same design conditions of
public networks.