DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I
CHY3201

PRE-LABORATORY ASSIGNMENTS

for

LABORATORY MODULE

SESSION
2022/2023
MODULE 2: LIQUID-LIQUID PHASE EXTRACTION

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment.

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them
in a table.

3. Explain the following terms/concepts :

a) Extraction

b) Distillation

4. Why do we need to measure the melting point of a solid compound after purification?

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MODULE 3: RECRYSTALLIZATION

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment.

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them
in a table.

3. Explain the following terms :

b) Solution

c) Polarity

d) Purification

e) Recrystallization

4. Explain briefly how the purity of a chemical substance can be determined.

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MODULE 4: IDENTIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS USING IR
SPECTROSCOPY AND QUALITATIVE TESTS

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. What is infrared spectroscopy? What can be identified using infrared spectroscopy?

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them
in a table.

3. List five (5) tests for functional group and give the positive observation.

4. Physical properties of a compound are also important in the preliminary classification

of compounds. Provide 3 examples of compound physical properties.
MODULE 5: CONFORMATIONAL ANALYSIS OF ALKANES AND
CYCLOHEXANES

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Define the following terms:

a) conformation

b) Newman projection

2. Draw all possible conformations of compounds below. Determine the relative

stability of all the conformers drawn.

a) Ethane

b) propane

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MODULE 6: STEREOCHEMISTRY

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Briefly describe the following terms:

a) stereoisomer

b) enantiomer

c) diastereomer

d) meso compound

2. When does a compound exhibit chirality?

3. How many stereoisomers are possible for the following compounds?

a. 2,3-diamino-2,3-pentandiol

b. 3,4-dibromohexane

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MODULE 7: NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION OF CARBONYL GROUP

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them
in a table.

3. Draw the chemical structure of vanillin. Circle and name all the functional groups
that are present in vanillin.

2. Give the product obtained when vanillin is treated with the following reagent.

i) Solution of acidic potassium permanganate

ii) CH3CH2MgBr

3. Suggest other reducing agent that can be used to replace sodium borohydride

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MODULE 8: NUCLEOPHILIC ACYL SUBSTITUTION OF CARBOXYLIC
ACIDS

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them
in a table.

3. Name the type of reaction taking place in Fischer esterification.

4. Explain the concepts/theory of reflux.

5. Explain why boiling stone is used during distillation process.

6. Predict whether an ester product would have a higher or lower boiling point than the
starting carboxylic acid. Why?

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MODULE 9: SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS OF ALKYL HALIDES

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them
in a table.

3. Explain the concepts/theory in a substitution reaction.

a) SN1

b) SN2

4. Predict the reactivity of alkyl halides (primary, secondary and tertiary) in each
substitution reaction below. List them in the order of increasing reactivity.

SN1 :

SN2:

5. Give other type of reaction that is common for alkyl halides.

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MODULE 10: ELIMINATION REACTION OF ALCOHOL

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. What is an elimination reaction? Beside alcohol, name other functional group that
can undergo elimination reaction to give alkene.

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them
in a table.

3. Draw a flow chart of the experiment.

4. Explain why addition of concentrated sulfuric acid to water must be done slowly.

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MODULE 11: HYDRATION OF ALKENES

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list
them in a table.

3. Explain the following terms and give examples :

a) Electrophile and nucleophile

b) Lewis acids and bases

4. The principle reactions of alkenes are dominated by addition reactions, while in the
preparation of alkenes mostly are through elimination reactions. Prepare short notes
on both reactions in term of main pathways and reaction mechanism.

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MODULE 12: OXIDATION OF ALCOHOL

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them
in a table.

3. Suggest other oxidizing agent that can be used to replace potassium permanganate.

4. Suggest oxidizing agent that can be used to oxidized benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde.

5. Why do you need to acidify (add concentrated hydrochloric acid) to the reaction
mixture before crystallization?

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