Review exercises 384

10.92 A university infirmary conducted an experiment to the proportions of voters within each stance category are
determine the degree of relief provided by three cough the same in each of the three states.
syrups. Each syrup was tested on 50 students and the 10.95 An investigation is carried out in two cities from
following data was recorded: Virginia to determine the opinion of voters tes regarding
Cough syrup two gubernatorial candidates in an upcoming election. In
NyQuil Robitussin Triaminic each city, 500 voters were selected at random and the
No relief 11 13 9 following data were recorded:
Some relief 32 28 27 City
Complete relief 7 9 14 Voter opinion Richmond Norfolk
In favor of A 204 225
Test the hypothesis that all three cough remedies are In favor of B 211 198
equally effective. Use a P value in your cons clusions. Undecided 85 77
10.93 To determine current positions on praying in public
schools, an investigation was carried out. gation in 4 At the 0.05 significance level test the null hypothesis that
Virginia counties. The following table presents the the proportions of voters who are in favor vor candidate
opinions of 200 parents from Craig County, 150 parents A , in favor of candidate B or who are undecided are the
from Giles County, 100 parents from Franklin County, same for each city.
and 100 parents from Montgomery County: 10.96 In a study to estimate the proportion of wives who
County regularly watch soap operas, finds that 52 of 200 wives in
Attitude Craig Giles Franklin Mont. Denver, 31 of 150 in Phoenix, and 37 of 150 in Rochester
In favor 65 66 40 34 see at least one te lenovela. Use a significance level of
Against 42 30 33 42 0.05 to test the hypothesis that there is no difference
No opinion 93 54 27 24 between the true proportions of wives who watch soap
between the operas. those in those three cities.
Test for homogeneity of the postures
4
counties regarding praying in public schools. Use a P
value in your conclusions.
10.94 A survey is conducted in Indiana, Kentucky, and current official for the next election is 0.58.
Ohio to determine the position of the voters. concerns f ) The average rib-eye steak at Long's restaurant Horn
regarding school transportation. A group of 200 voters Steak weighs at least 340 grams.
from each of these states provided the following results:
10.98 A geneticist is interested in the proportion of men
and women in a population who have a certain minor
Review exercises blood disorder. In a random sample of 100 men it is found
10.97 State the null and alternative hypotheses that you that 31 suffer from it, while only 24 of 100 women
would use to test the following statements and end in a analyzed have the disorder. turnstile. At a significance
general way where the re is located critical region: level of 0.01, can we conclude that the proportion of men
a) The average amount of snow that falls on Lake in the population with this blood disorder is significantly
George during the month of February is 21.8 higher? yor than the proportion of women affected?
centimeters. meters. 10.99 A study was conducted to determine whether more
b) No more than 20% of the local university faculty Italians than Americans prefer white champagne over rose
contributed to the annual endowment fund. for weddings. Of the 300 Italians who were randomly
c) On average, children attend school within 6.2 selected, 72 preferred white champagne, and of the 400 it
kilometers of their homes in a suburb of St. Louis. is Among selected Americans, 70 preferred white
d ) At least 70% of the new cars in the country Next year champagne over rose. Can we conclude that a higher
they will fall into the compact and semi-compact proportion of Italians than Americans prefer white
category. champagne at weddings? Use a significance level of 0.05.
e ) The proportion of voters who are in favor of the 10.100 Consider the situation in Exercise 10.54 on page
Voter's posture 360. Oxygen consumption was also measured gen in
Does not mL/kg/min.
State Support support Undecided
Indiana 82 97 21 Subject With CO No CO
Kentucky 107 66 27 1 26.46 25.41
Ohio 93 74 33 2 17.46 22.53
3 16.32 16.32
At the 0.05 significance level test the null hypothesis that
385 Chapter 10 One- and Two-Sample Hypothesis Testing

4 20.19 27.48 proportional equal numbers of peanuts?

5 19.84 24.97
6 20.65 21.77 10.104 A study is conducted to determine if there is a
7 28.21 28.17 difference between the proportions of parents in the states
8 33.94 32.02 of Maryland (MD), Virginia (VA), Georgia (GA), and
9 29.32 28.96 Alabama (AL) who favor placing Bibles in elementary
schools . The following table records the responses of 100
Oxygen consumption is supposed to be ma yor in a randomly selected parents in each of those states:
relatively CO-free environment. Perform a significance
test and discuss the assumption. State
10.101 In a study carried out by the Virginia Tech
Statistical Consultation Center, a group of subjects was
asked to perform a certain task on the computer. Dora.
The response that was measured was the time required to
complete the task. The purpose of the experiment was to
test a group of tools to help develop given by the
University's Department of Computer Science. 10 subjects
participated in the study. With random assignment, 5 were
given a procedure standard configuration using Fortran
language to realize finish the task. The other 5 were asked
to complete the task using the help tools. Below are the
data on the time required to complete finish the task.
Group 1 Group 2
( standard procedure) (help tool)
161 132
169 162
174 134
158 138
163 133
Assume that the population distributions are normal and
the variances are the same for the two groups, and support
or refute the conjecture that the tools Helping tools
increase the speed with which the task is completed.
10.102 State the null and alternative hypotheses that you
would use to test the following statements, and determine
in a general way where the critical region is located:
a) At most, 20% of next year's wheat crop will be
exported to the Soviet Union.
b) On average, American housewives drink 3 cups of
coffee a day.
c) The proportion of students graduating this year in
Virginia majoring in the social sciences is at least
0.15.
d ) The average donation to the American Lung Asso
ciation is not greater than 10 dollars.
e ) Residents of suburban Richmond travel an average of
15 kilometers to get to their workplace.
10.103 If a can containing 500 nuts from each of three
different distributed res of assorted nuts and each can
contains 345, 313 and 359 peanuts, respectively. With a
level of sig nificance of 0.01, could we conclude that the
assorted nuts from the three distributors contain
Review exercises 386

Review exercises....................................384

Can we conclude that the proportions of parents who

favor placing Bibles in schools are equal in those four
states? Use a sig level nificance of 0.01.
10.105 A study is being conducted at the Center for
Equine Veterinary Medicine at Virginia Regional
University in Maryland to determine whether performing
certain types of surgery on young horses has any effect on
certain types of blood cells. lines of the animal. Fluid
samples are taken from six foals before and after surgery.
The samples are analyzed for the number of white blood
cells (WBCs) after the operation. Preoperative WBC
leukocytes were also measured. The data is as follows:
Foal Pre-surgery* Post-surgery*
1 10.80 10.60
2 12.90 16.60
3 9.59 17.20
4 8.81 14.00
5 12.00 10.60
6 6.07 8.60
*All values × 10 . 3
-

Use a paired sample t test to determine examine whether

there is a significant change in WBC leukocytes with
surgery.
10.106 The Virginia Tech Department of Health and
Physical Education conducted a study to determine if 8
weeks of training actually lowered participants'
cholesterol levels. A treatment group consisting of 15
people were given lectures twice a week about how to re
reduce your cholesterol levels. Another group of 18
people Sonas, of similar age, was randomly selected as a
control group. The following cholesterol levels were
recorded for all participants at the end of the program. 8
week schedule:
Treatment group:
Treatment:
Review exercises 384
9.3 8.8 6.8 8.7 8.5 6.7 8.0 6.5 9.2 7.0
Company B:
Can we conclude, at a 5% level of significance, that the 11.0 9.8 9.9 10.2 10.1 9.7 11.0 11.1
average cholesterol level was reduced thanks to the 10.2 9.6
program? Do the appropriate test on the stockings.
10.107 In a study carried out by the Department of Can you conclude that there is almost no difference in the
Mechanical Engineering, which was analyzed by the days between the steel rods provided by the two
Virginia Tech Statistical Consultation Center, steel rods companies? Use a P value to arrive at your con clusion.
distributed by two different companies were compared. Should the variances be pooled in this case?
Ten sample springs were made with the rods provided by 10.108 In a study conducted by the Aquatic Resources
each em dam and the “rebound capacity” was studied. The Center, which was analyzed by the Statistical Consulting
data is as follows: Center at Virginia Tech, two different wastewater
Company A: treatment plants were compared. Plant A is located in an
387 Chapter 10 One- and Two-Sample Hypothesis Testing

area where the median household income is below

$22,000 a year, and plant B is located in a place where the
income Median household income is above $60,000
annually. The amount of wastewater treated at each plant
(thousands of gallons/day) was randomly sampled over 10
days. The data is as follows:
Floor A:
21192023222832191318
Plant B:
20392433302830223324
At the 5% level of significance, can we conclude that the
average amount of wastewater treated at the high-income
neighborhood plant is greater than the tra tada in the low-
income area plant? Assume normality.
10.109 The following data shows the number of defects in
100,000 lines of code in a particular type. lar of software
made in the United States and Japan. Is there enough
evidence to affirm that there is a significant difference
between the programs created in the two countries? Try
tights. Should they be grouped for the variances?
States4839425240485252 United States

5448525543464852 Japan
5048424043485046
3838364040484845

10.110 There are studies that show that the awareness

PCB concentration is much higher in malignant breast
tissue than in normal breast tissue. If a study of 50 women
with breast cancer reveals one with average PCB
concentration of 22.8 × 10 4 grams, with a standard
–

deviation of 4.8 × 10 4 grams, is the average PCB

–

concentration less than 24 × 10 4 grams?

–

10.111 Z value to test p 1 – p 2 = d 0 : To test the null

hypothesis H 0 that p 1 – p 2 = d 0 , where d 0 ≠ 0, we base
our decision on

z = pˆ1-pˆ2-d0
vp ˆ 1 q ˆ 1 / n 1 + p ˆ 2 q ˆ 2 / n 2 ,

which is a value of a random variable whose distribution

bution approximates the standard normal distribution, as
long as n 1 and n 2 are large. Referring to Example 10.11
on page 364, test the hypothesis that the percentage of the
city's voters who are The number in favor of the
construction of the chemical plant will not exceed the
percentage of voters in the county by more than 3%. Use a
P value in your conclusion.