unitec ceutec

Definition of the
scope of the
Research to be
carried out:
Exploratory,
Descriptive,
Correlational or
Explanatory
 Types of Utec Research doumit

Depending on the level of depth of knowledge, there

are:

1st.
Level Exploratory

2nd.
Level Descriptiv
e

3rd.
Level
Correlational
4th.
Level
Explanato
ry
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EXPLORATORY
STUDY PREPARE THE
GROUND

DESCRIPTIVE FOUNDATIONS
STUDY THE RESEARCH

CORRELATIONAL PROVIDES
STUDY INFORMATION

EXPLANATO
GENERATE A SENSE
RY STUDY
OF UNDERSTANDING

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 Q
Exploratory Research
unitet

• Exploratory studies are carried out when the

objective is to examine a poorly studied topic or
research problem, about which there are many
doubts or which has not been addressed before.
That is, when the review of the literature
revealed that there are only unresearched
guides and ideas vaguely related to the problem
under study, or if one wishes to investigate
topics and areas from new perspectives.

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or Q7
ceutec
Such would be the case of researchers who
sought to analyze unknown or novel
phenomena: a recently appeared disease, a
catastrophe that occurred in a place where no
disaster had ever occurred, a new property
observed in the black holes of the universe.
Etc.
Exploratory studies are like taking a trip to an
unknown place, in a country whose language
and culture we do not know.

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 What is the Value of Studies
Exploratory?

Exploratory studies serve to familiarize ourselves with

relatively unknown phenomena, obtain information about
the possibility of carrying out more complete research
regarding a particular context, investigate new problems,
identify promising concepts or variables, establish
priorities for future research, or suggest statements and
postulates (a proposition taken as the basis for reasoning
or demonstration, the truth of which is admitted without
proof)

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 Recapitulation

• Exploratory studies
They constitute a generally In short,
occasions identify areas, they
themselve potential determine
s, trends relationships environme
contexts nts,
and study situations,
between variables.

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 --------------------------------------------------- K
Descriptive Research

Descriptive studies seek to specify the

properties, characteristics and profiles of people,
groups, communities, processes, objects or any
other phenomenon that is subjected to analysis
(Danhke, 1989). That is, they measure, evaluate
or collect data on various concepts (variables),
aspects, dimensions or components of the
phenomenon to be investigated.

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 Descriptive Research
The characteristics or features of the
situation or phenomenon under study
are outlined. Those most categorical,
distinctive and particular aspects of
these people, situations or things must
be described.
Example: Study of student behaviors and profiles of
research methodology students.

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What is the Value of Descriptive Studies?

Just as exploratory studies fundamentally serve to

describe and prefigure, DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES are
useful to accurately show the angles or dimensions of a
phenomenon, event, community, context or situation.
In this type of study, the researcher must be able to
define, or at least visualize, what will be measured (what
concepts, variables, components, etc.) and on what or
who the data will be collected (people, groups,
communities, animals, etc.). facts, etc.)

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 An Example of a Descriptive Study

Page 103.
A national population and housing census is a
descriptive study, whose purpose is to measure a series
of concepts in a country and specific moments: aspects
of housing (size in square meters, number of floors and
rooms, whether it has electricity, water by pipe, fuel
used, tenure or ownership of the home, location).
Information about the occupants (age, gender; number
and means of communication available; educational
level, languages, religion, political preferences, etc.)

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 Q
Correlational Research
unitet

• Correlational studies aim to answer questions such as the

following: Does the patient's self-esteem increase as
psychotherapy oriented toward him or her progresses?
Does greater variety and autonomy at work correspond
to greater intrinsic motivation with respect to work tasks?
Is there a difference? between the performance granted
by the shares of high-tech companies and the
performance of the shares of companies belonging to
other sectors with a lower technological degree on the
Barcelona Stock Exchange?

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 Q
Correlational Research
unitet

Correlational Research
Its purpose is to show or examine the
relationship between variables or
results of variables.

Example: Relationships between Human

Resources policies and employee
turnover rate in the industrial branch of
Metal Mechanics (Tegucigalpa Area)

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Usefulness of Correlational Studies unitet

• The main use of correlational studies is to

know how a concept or variable can
behave by knowing the behavior of other
related variables. That is, trying to predict
the approximate value that a group of
individuals or cases will have in a variable,
based on the value they have in the
related variable(s).

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Correlations indicate trends unitet

Suppose that in a study with 200 students in the fifth

semester of their psychology degree, a strongly positive
relationship is found between the time spent studying for a
statistics exam and the grade on said exam, and that there
were another 85 students in the same semester. and
subject, then; What prediction could we make with these
students? We know that those who study the most will
probably get the best grades, but we cannot say this with
certainty. Therefore, the correlation only indicates trends.

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 What is the Value of Studies
Correlational?
Correlational research has, to some extent, an explanatory value,
although partial, since knowing that two concepts or variables are
related provides certain explanatory information. For example, if the
acquisition of vocabulary by a group of children of a certain age
(say, between three and five years old) is related to exposure to an
educational television program, that fact may provide some degree
of explanation for how the Children acquire some concepts.
Spurious Correlation: It is the apparent
association of two variables in a relationship
that does not actually exist.

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 Q
Explanatory Research
unitet

• Explanatory studies go beyond the description of

concepts or phenomena or the establishment of
relationships between concepts; That is, they
are aimed at responding to the causes of
physical or social events and phenomena. As its
name indicates, its interest is focused on
explaining why a phenomenon occurs and under
what conditions it manifests itself, or why two or
more variables are related.

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 Differences between an explanatory study, a
descriptive one and a correlational one (Page 109)
EXPLANATORY STUDY : they would answer questions such as,
what effects does it have for Peruvian adolescents, inhabitants of
urban areas and with a high socioeconomic level, to watch music
videos with high sexual content? What are these effects due to?
What variables mediate the effects and in what way?
Descriptive Study : It would only answer questions such as: How
much time do these adolescents spend watching music videos and
especially videos with high sexual content?
Correlational Study : would answer questions such as, the
greater exposure by adolescents to music videos with high sexual
content, will there be a greater manifestation of strategies in
interpersonal relationships to establish sexual contact?

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