Pensum Unefa Telecommunications Program

INDEX
LETTER OF
PROMULGATION................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ......Yo
INDEX................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .........................................
...ii
CURRICULUM............................................... .................................................. .................................................. ....................iv
FIFTH TERM
ELECTRICAL NETWORKS I........................................................................................................................................................ 1
INTEGRAL TRANSFORMATIONS............................................................................................................................................... 2
PHYSICS IV..................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY..................................................................................................................................................... 3
COMPUTING................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
ELECTRICAL NETWORKS II....................................................................................................................................................... 6
SEMICONDUCTORS...................................................................................................................................................................... 8
ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS................................................................................................................................................. 9
LINEAR SYSTEMS........................................................................................................................................................................ 11
ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY I............................................................................................................................................. 12
ELECTRICAL NETWORKS III................................................................................................................................................... 14
ELECTRONICS I........................................................................................................................................................................... 16
SIGNAL ANALYSIS...................................................................................................................................................................... 16
LOGIC CIRCUITS......................................................................................................................................................................... 17
ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY II............................................................................................................................................ 18
ELECTRONICS II......................................................................................................................................................................... 19
COMMUNICATIONS I................................................................................................................................................................. 23
LINES OF TRANSMISSION......................................................................................................................................................... 24
CONTROL THEORY I.................................................................................................................................................................. 25
ELECTRONICS III........................................................................................................................................................................ 26
COMMUNICATIONS II................................................................................................................................................................ 27
DIGITAL SYSTEMS II.................................................................................................................................................................. 29
MICROWAVE I............................................................................................................................................................................. 31
ADVANCED COMPUTING.......................................................................................................................................................... 33
COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE................................................................................................................................................... 35
COMMUNICATIONS ELECTRONICS....................................................................................................................................... 36
MICROWAVE II............................................................................................................................................................................ 38
COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS I............................................................................................................................................... 39
ANTENNAS.................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGY......................................................................................................................................... 42
MICROPROCESSORS.................................................................................................................................................................. 43
COMMUNICATIONS INSTRUMENTATION.............................................................................................................................44
COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS II............................................................................................................................................. 45
SEMINAR III.................................................................................................................................................................................. 46
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SEMINAR I..................................................................................................................................... 47
GENERAL MAINTENANCE........................................................................................................................................................ 48
ii
LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE PRACTICE OF ENGINEERING.......................................................................................49
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SEMINAR II................................................................................................................................... 51
TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS................................................................................................................................... 52
SHORT INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP.......................................................................................................................................... 53
LONG INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP............................................................................................................................................. 55
DEGREE THESIS.......................................................................................................................................................................... 56
ANTENNAS II................................................................................................................................................................................ 57
ELECTROMECHANICAL CONVERSION.................................................................................................................................58
DIGITAL RADIOLINKS............................................................................................................................................................... 58
TELEPHONY................................................................................................................................................................................. 59
TELEVISION................................................................................................................................................................................. 60
DATA TRANSMISSION................................................................................................................................................................ 61
HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT..................................................................................................................................... 62
PROYECT MANAGEMENT......................................................................................................................................................... 63
MANAGEMENT............................................................................................................................................................................ 64
HYGIENE AND INDUSTRIAL SECURITY................................................................................................................................. 67
iii
NATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE NATIONAL ARMED FORCE
TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING 5th
SUBJECT CODE
ELECTRICAL NETWORKS I ELC-31114
HOURS PER WEEK HOURS / TERM PRIORITY
THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT MAT-21244

70
QUF-23034
3 2 0 4
CONTENT
1.- ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS.

Elements of electrical circuits, resistance, inductance, capacitance, sources. Systems of Units. Types of sources.
Conventions for passive and active elements. Elements in series and parallel. Short circuit and open circuit. Electrical network.
2.- FUNDAMENTAL LAWS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ELECTRICAL NETWORKS.

Law of elements. Kirchhoff's laws. Formulation of network equations. Source transformations. Network analysis. Mesh and
nodes method. Voltage and current dividers.
3.- ANALYSIS OF SINE-WIDE ALTERNATING CURRENT CIRCUITS.

Characteristics of sinusoidal signals. Average value and effective value. Forced response. Complex excitatory function. Phasor.
Impedance and admittance (series and parallel). Solution methods in steady state.
4.- ANALYSIS OF CIRCUITS WITH MAGNETIC COUPLINGS.

Faraday's law, Lenz's law. Mutual inductance. Ideal transformer. Formulation of network equations with magnetic coupling.
5.- NETWORK TOPOLOGY AND NETWORK TRANSFORMATION.

Circuit Topology. Mesh Equations. Mesh current matrix equations. Node Equations. Matrix equations of networks that have
controlled sources. Transformations in sources. Star – triangle transformations and vice versa. Sequential resolution of ladder
networks. Calculation of equivalent impedance in symmetrical networks.
6.- ELECTRICAL NETWORKS THEOREMS.

Superposition theorem. Reciprocity theorem. Substitution theorem. Thevenin's theorem. Norton's theorem. Compensation
Theorem.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BARAN & ROSALES F. “ Analysis of Permanent Regime Networks .” University of Carabobo. 1995.
2. BOBROW, L. “ Analysis of Electrical Circuits ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Mexico. 1983.
3. BOYLESTAD, Robert. “ Introductory Analysis of Circuits ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Eighth edition. 1998.
4. DORF, R. " Electrical circuits . Introduction to Analysis and Design ”. Ediciones Alfaomega SA Mexico. 1992.
5. HAYT,. W & KEMMERLY, J. “ Engineering Circuit Analysis .” Prentice Hall Publishing. Mexico. 1993.
6. HUBERT CH. “ AC/DC Electrical Circuits Integrated Approach ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. 1985.
7. IRWIN, D. “ Basic Analysis of Engineering Circuits ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Fifth edition. Mexico. 1997.
8. JOHNSON, D. " Basic analysis of electrical circuits ". Prentice Hall Editions. Mexico. Fifth edition. 1992.
9. NILSON, J. " Electrical circuits ". Addison Westley Iberoamericana. USA. Fourth edition.

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
1
SUBJECT CODE
INTEGRAL TRANSFORMATIONS MAT-31224
THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT

84 MAT-21244
3 3 0 4
CONTENT
1.- COMPLEX FUNCTIONS AND CONTINUITY.
Arithmetic of complex numbers. Variables and Functions of single value and multiple value. Inverse functions. Transformations.
Elementary functions. Boundaries. Theorems about limits. Continuity. Continuity of a region. Theorems about continuity.
2.- DERIVATION IN THE COMPLEX FIELD.
Derivatives. Analytical functions. Cauchy and Riemann equations. harmonic functions. geometric interpretation of the derivative.
Differentials. Rules for differentiation. Orthogonal families, complex differential operators. Gradients. Divergence and
Laplacian. Identities that involve gradient and divergences.
3.- INTEGRATION IN THE COMPLEX FIELD .
Line integrals in the complex field. Real line integrals. Properties of line integrals. Definitions. Upper limit of a contour integral.
Cauchy integral theorem. Cauchy-Goursat theorem. Independence of the integration path. Green's theorem in the plane. Complex
form of Green's Theorem. Primitive functions (antiderivatives). Using the primitive function to evaluate a contour integral.
Integrals of special functions. Cauchy integral formulas. Morera's theorem. Integrals of special functions. Cauchy integral
formulas. Cauchy integrity. Liouville's theorem. Gauss mean value theorem.
4.- INFINITE SERIES .
Sequences of functions. Series of functions. Properties of the series. Uniform convergence. Integration and derivation of series of
functions. Representation of a function by power series. Taylor series. Laurent series. Zeros of the analytical functions.
5.- RESIDUE THEOREM .
Residue. Residue calculation. Residue theorem. Evaluation of definite integrals. Special theorems for integral evaluation.
Principal value of integrals. Derivation under the integral sign. Leibnitz rule.
6.- LAPLACE TRANSFORM .
Laplace transform. Two-sided transform. Functions of exponential order. Laplace integral convergence for the general case.
Linear combinations of the Laplace transform. Transforms of some typical functions. Change theorem. Transformation of the
derivative of f (t) and the integral function. Final value and initial value theorems. Evaluation of the investment formula.
Antitransformed. Solving ordinary differential equations using the Laplace transform method. Applications to electrical circuits.
Transformed to periodic functions. Principle of superposition and reciprocity. The real translation and the convolution theorem.
7.- DEVELOPMENT OF FOURIER SERIES. FOURIER TRANSFORM .
Orthogonal projection of complex functions. Evaluation of Fourier coefficients. Bessel-Parseval inequality. Fourier series.
Approximation through a finite Fourier series. Fourier series development. Dirichlet conditions. Convergence of trigonometric
Fourier series. Analysis of waveforms. Even and odd functions. Half-wave symmetry, quarter-wave symmetry. Fourier
coefficient of symmetric waves. Evaluation of Fourier coefficients by differentiation. Complex form of the Fourier coefficients.
Discrete frequency spectrum. Power content of a periodic function. Parseval's theorem. Fourier series expansion of a function on
a finite interval. The Fourier Transform. Fourier transform of the rectangular pulse function. Continuous frequency spectrum.
Properties of the Fourier transform. Convolution theorem. The Delta Dirac function. Fourier transform of Periodic functions.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. WUNSCH, D. “ Complex Variable with Addison Applications ” - Westley. Ibero-American. 1.997.

2. DERRICH, W. “ Complex Variable with Applications ”. Iberoamericana Publishing Group. 1996.
3. CHURCHILL, Ward. “ Complex Variable and Applications ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Fifth edition. 1992.
4. SPIEGEL, M. “ Transformations of the Place ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. 1991.
5. SPIEGEL, M. "Complex variable" . Prentice Hall Publishing. 1991.
TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
PHYSICS IV QUF-33014
2
THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT QUF-23034

98
MAT-21244
3 2 2 4
CONTENT
1.-WAVES.
Simple harmonic motion. Definition of waves. standing wave. Traveling wave. Classical wave equation. Harmonious solutions.
Phase and group speed. Bandwidth and pulse width. Superposition principle. Electromagnetic waves. Maxwell's equations.
Electromagnetic spectrum.
2.- RADIATION.
Radiation of a body, (a) Thermal radiation, (b) Classical theory of radiation, (c) Planck theory, Compton effect.
3.- WAVE-PARTICLE DUALITY.
De Broglie's postulates. Begining of uncertainty. Electron diffraction. Borh's postulates. Hydrogen atom model. Quantum wave
equation. Introduction to the Schrodinger equation in operational form. Study of the Hydrogen atom.
4.- PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS.
Conductive materials. Semiconductors and insulators. Electrons and holes. Potential barrier concept. Distribution of charges by
energy levels. Fermi level. Donor and acceptor impurities. Mobility and conductivity. Hall effect. Charge density and diffusion
gradient within a semiconductor. Potential for an abrupt open-circuit junction. Electrical properties of Germanium and Silicon.
Characteristics of the pn junction.
LABORATORY PRACTICES :
PRACTICE No.1: Study of Waves.
PRACTICE No. 2: Damped mechanical waves .
PRACTICE No. 3: Measurement of the speed of sound.
PRACTICE No. 4 : The stroboscope (Light spectrum).
PRACTICE No. 5 : The spectroscope (Optical effects of strobe light).
PRACTICE No. 6 : Speed of light.
PRACTICE No. 7 : E/m ratio method.
PRACTICE No. 8: The laser, reflection, refraction, communication.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CASTRO, Edison. “ Oscillations and Waves. Introduction to Quantum Physics ”. University of Carabobo. 1.998.
2. MALVINO, A. “ Principles of Electronics ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Sixth edition. Spain. 1.999.
3. MARTINEZ, Martín J. “ Fundamentals of Electronics, Physics and Microelectronics .” Addison-Westley Iberoamericana.
1.996.
4. REIMANR, Arnold L. " Modern physics ". Editorial Continental SA Fourth Edition. 1.995.
5. ALONSO, Marcelo and FINR, Edward. “ Quantum and Statistical Foundations ”. 1.993.
6. EISBERS, Robert M. “ Fundamentals of Modern Physics ”. Limusa Publishing House. 1.992.
7. BEISER, A. “ Concepts of Modern Physics ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. Mexico. 1.991.
8. TIPLER, Paul A. " Modern physics ". Reverté Editorial. 1.994.
9. “ Physics Teaching Committee, Physics II, Waves and Light, Electromagnetism and Structure of Matter .” Limusa
Publishing House .
TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY ELN-31112
3
THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS / CREDIT
42 CO.ELC-31114
2 1 0 2
CONTENT
1.- RESISTERS .
Basic concepts. Classification: Fixed value resistors. Precision resistors. Medium power resistors. Variable resistors. Color code.
Application. Resistor construction techniques.
2.- CAPACITORS.
Fixed value capacitors. Construction technology. Types of capacitors (ceramic, polyester, paper, electrolytes, etc.). Variable
capacitors. Applications. Construction techniques. Color code.
3.- INDUCTORS.
Inductors with iron core, air. Inductors for high and low frequency. Inductor Design. Applications.
4.- TRANSFORMERS.
Ferromagnetic core transformers, Ferroceramic (ferrite) core transformers, Characteristics with respect to frequency.
Applications.
5.- RELAYS
Constituent elements of relays. Principles of operations with relays. Solid state relays. Applications.
6.- DRIVERS
Definition. Types of drivers. Classification of drivers according to: type, use and identification code.
7.- BATTERIES
Primary cells, Electric batteries, Accumulators, solar cells, Charge and discharge characteristics of different batteries.
Applications.
8.- DIODES
Basic concepts. Operating principle. Classification of diodes. Application circuits, using diodes.
9.- TRANSISTORS
Basic concepts. BJT, FET transistors. Operating principle. Characteristic curves. Most common connection configurations. Use
of the EGC manual. Use of the Breadboard.
10.-INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
Manufacturing techniques. Analog integrated circuits. Digital integrated circuits. Classification according to integration scale,
logical families. Use of respective manuals.
11.- PRINTED CIRCUITS

Printed circuit manufacturing techniques. Printed circuit designs with one or more sides. Uses and applications.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. COSTA, E. “ Electronic Technology ”. Hoepli Publishing. Spain.
2. DONAND, F. “ Electronic Engineering Manual ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. 1.992.
3. “ Thematic Encyclopedias of Electronics ”.
4. “ Electronic Device Manuals ”
TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
COMPUTING SYC-32813
70 SYC-22113
2 3 0 3
4
CONTENT
1.- SOFTWARE.
1.1.- OPERATING SYSTEMS:

Concept. Characteristics. Main elements. Equipment configuration. Basic commands. Features and tools.
1.2.- WORD PROCESSOR:
Concept. Function. Characteristics. Format documents. Commands for editing documents. Features and tools.
1.3.- SPREADSHEET:
Concept. Function. Characteristics. Type of data. Commands for editing a sheet. Formulas. Features and tools. Graphics.
1.4.- PRESENTATIONS:
Characteristics. Display modes. Types of assistants. Commands for editing a presentation. Special effects.
1.5.-DATABASE MANAGEMENT :
Concepts, function, characteristics. Features and tools.
2.- INTERNET :
Definition. Benefits. Browsers. Email. Web page. Search engines. CHAT. Online services.
3.- MULTIMEDIA AND VIRTUAL REALITY .
4.- SPECIFIC APPLICATION PROGRAMS : CAD. CAM., Graphers.
5.- TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES:

Evolution of Hardware and Software and their applications in different fields in science and society.
6.- ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS:

Definition. Goals. Methodology. Development. Administration.
PRACTICE No 1 :
Recognition of the basic components of a personal computer.
PRACTICE No 2 :
Operating systems. Basic Commands.
Create, open, save and delete a file. File printing. Management of peripherals. Directory management functions. Program execution.
PRACTICE No 3 :
Operating systems. Advanced Commands.
Directory and file management programs. Applications included in the operating system.
PRACTICE No 4 :
Basic word processor commands.
Create, open and save a document. Printing the document. Management of margins and page styles. Document preview.
PRACTICE No 5 :
Advanced word processor commands.
Insertion commands. Creation of tables, templates.
PRACTICE No 6 :
Basic spreadsheet commands.
Create, open and save a spreadsheet. Printing a spreadsheet. Management of margins and sheet styles. Spreadsheet preview.
PRACTICE No 7 :
Advanced spreadsheet commands. Management of statistical and mathematical functions. Creation of graphics. Advanced data
analysis.
PRACTICE No 8 :
Presentation program commands. Create, open and save a presentation. Printing of the presentation. Manage page styles.
Presentation preview. Animations. Insertion commands.
5
PRACTICE No 9 :
Internet. Navigation. Searches. Discussion forum. Conversation rooms. File download.
PRACTICE No 10 :
Introduction to CAD tools. Create, open and save a file. Impression. Management of menus and commands.
PRACTICE No 11 :
Application of studied tools.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. EAT, Douglas. “ The Internet Book ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. 1.995.
2. FERREIRA, Gonzalo. “ Graphic Internet. Tools of the World Wide Web ”. Alfaomega Publishing. 1.988.
3. LONG, Larry. “ Introduction to Computers and Information Systems .” Prentice Hall Publishing. Fifth edition. 1.998.
4. O'LEARY. “ Basic Computing ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. 1.997.
5. PRIETO. " Informatic introduction ". Prentice Hall Publishing. Second Edition.1988.
6. “ Manuals of the Different Software Packages to Use ”.

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
ELECTRICAL NETWORKS II ELC-31124

THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT ELC-31114
98
3 1 3 4 MAT-31224
CONTENT
1.- CIRCUITS IN TRANSITIONAL REGIME.

Behavior of circuit elements in transient regime. Initial conditions. RC and RL circuits. Initial conditions. First order equations.
Time constant. RLC circuits. Second order equations. Natural and forced response. Damping, critical, sub-critical and damped.
6
2.- TRANSIENT AND PERMANENT RESPONSE OF FIRST AND SECOND ORDER SYSTEMS APPLYING THE
LAPLACE TRANSFORM.
Properties of the Laplace transform. Inverse Laplace transform (Expansion in simple fractions). Applications of the Laplace
Transform in solving electrical circuits. Permanent and transient response in the S plane of first and second order systems using
step, ramp, impulse, pulse and time delay signals as input. Permanent sinusoidal regime.
3.- SINGLE PHASE ELECTRICAL POWER.

Power in passive and active elements. Maximum power transfer theorem. Power triangle. Power factor. Correction of power
factor to variable voltage and constant voltage.
4.- THREE-PHASE SYSTEMS.

Three-phase generator. Sequence. Connections: star, delta. Three-phase charging. Study and resolution of balanced systems.
Single-phase transformers in balanced systems: Connections and phasor diagrams. Study and resolution of systems in
disequilibrium. Three-phase power. Power factor correction.
LABORATORY PRACTICES:
PRACTICE No. 1:
Introduction to the Laboratory. Equipment Identification.
Identification of each of the existing equipment in the laboratory, parts, controls and operation.
PRACTICE No. 2:
Measurement of modules in alternating current circuits.
Design of three circuits: RR, RL and RC. Measurement of the different variables of the circuit.
PRACTICE No. 3:
Oscilloscope Study.
Voltage and current measurements in a circuit with AC and DC sources.
PRACTICE No. 4:
Oscilloscope Study.
Phase measurements of the signals present in RL, RC and RLC circuits.
PRACTICE No. 5:
Sense of reference and experimental determination of an impedance Z.
Measurements of magnitude and phase relationship between voltage and current in type R, L, C, RL, RC, RLC impedances.
PRACTICE No. 6:
Kirchhoff's laws.
Verification of Kirchhoff's current and voltage laws in a given circuit.
PRACTICE No. 7:
Network Theorem.
Verification of the Thevenin, Norton, superposition and maximum power transfer theorems in a given circuit.
PRACTICE No. 8:
Transient response in RL and RC circuits.
Design of an RL and an RC circuit according to a given time constant. Measurement of parameters.
PRACTICE No. 9:
Transient response in RLC circuits.
Design of an RLC circuit where the different types of response are observed: underdamped, critically damped and overdamped.
Measurement of parameters.
PRACTICE No. 10:

Active Power Measurement.
Measurement of active power in a circuit with R, RL and RC load.
PRACTICE No. 11:

Power factor compensation.
7
Measurement of active, reactive and apparent power; voltage and current in a circuit with RL load without and with power factor
compensation.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BARAN B & ROSALES. “ Analysis of Networks in Permanent Regime” . University of Carabobo. 1.995.
2. BOBROW, L. “ Analysis of Electrical Circuits” . Prentice Hall Publishing. Mexico. 1.983.
3. DORF, R. " Electrical circuits. Introduction to Analysis and Design” . Ediciones Alfaomega SA Mexico. 1.992.
4. HAYT & KEMMERLY . “ Circuit Analysis in Engineering ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Mexico. 1.993.
5. HUBERT , CH.“ AC/DC Electrical Circuits. Integrated Approach . Prentice Hall Publishing. 1.985.
6. IRWIN, D. “ Basic Analysis of Circuits in Engineering ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Fifth edition. Mexico. 1.997.
7. JOHNSON, D. " Basic analysis of electrical circuits ". Prentice Hall Editions. Mexico. Fifth edition. 1.992.
8. NILSON, J. " Electrical circuits ". Addison-Westley Iberoamericana. USA. Fourth edition. 1.995.

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
SEMICONDUCTORS ELN-31213
THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT 84 CO.ELC-31124
2 2 2 3
CONTENT
1.- TWO-TERMINAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES (DIODES).

The pn junction diode, voltage-current characteristic and its dependence on temperature. Internal resistance of the diode.
Parasitic junction capacitances. Approximate linear model of the diode. Concepts of load lines and operating point. The Zener
8
diode. The Schottky diode. The varactor diode. The tunnel diode. The metal-oxide varistor.
2.- ANALYSIS OF CIRCUITS WITH DIODES.
Transfer characteristics of a diode. Trimmer circuits. Voltage detectors and fixers. Rectifier circuits: half wave and full wave,
inductive and capacitive filtering. Unregulated power supplies. Regulated power supplies with Zener diode.
3.- THREE-TERMINAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES. (TRANSISTORS).
The bipolar junction transistor (BJT): internal structure, basic equations. Voltage-current characteristics and temperature
dependence. Field effect transistors (FET): JFET and MOSFET. Photonic devices: photodiodes, phototransistors, light-emitting
diodes (LEDs), the laser diode and integrated optoelectronic circuits.
4.- BASIC CONFIGURATIONS OF THE AMPLIFIER.
Inverter amplifier configuration with BJT, JFET, MOSFET and CMOS. Current follower configuration with BJT and MOSFET.
Voltage follower configuration with BJT and MOSFET. Darlington configuration.
PRACTICE No. 1: Familiarization with the equipment, components and technical manuals used in Electronics.
PRACTICE Nº 2: Study of the voltage-current characteristics of general purpose diodes.
PRACTICE Nº 3: Study of the voltage-current characteristics of zener diodes.
PRACTICE No. 4: Study of circuits with diodes: Trimmers.
PRACTICE Nº 5: Study of circuits with diodes: Fixators and doublers.
PRACTICE Nº 6 : Study of circuits with diodes: Rectifiers.
PRACTICE Nº 7: The zener diode as a voltage regulator.
PRACTICE Nº 8: Rectification and filtering: Unregulated power supplies.
PRACTICE Nº 9: Design of a regulated power supply with zener diode. Part 1.
PRACTICE Nº 10: Design of a regulated power supply with zener diode. Part 2.
PRACTICE Nº 11: Circuits with optoelectronic components.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BOYLESTAD, Robert. " Electronics. Circuit theory ". Prentice Hall Publishing. Sixth edition. Mexico. 1.996.
2. HORESTEIN, Mark. “ Microelectronics. Circuits and Devices ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. Mexico. 1.997.
3. MALIK, Norbert. " Electronic circuits. Analysis, Simulation and Design ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Mexico. 1.996.
4. MALVINO, Albert. “ Principles of Electronics ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Sixth edition. Spain. 1.999.
5. RASHID, Muhammad. “ Microelectronic Circuits. Analysis and design ". International Thomson Publishers. Mexico.
1.999.
6. SAVANT and Others. " Electronic design ". Addison-Wesley Publishing. USA. Second edition. 1.992.
7. SCHILLING -BELOVE. " Electronic circuits" . Prentice Hall Publishing. Third edition. Spain. 1.993.

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS ELC-31214

THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT 98 ELC-31114
3 1 3 4
CONTENT
1.- GENERAL ASPECTS AND DEFINITIONS OF ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS.

General concepts of: measurement pattern, measurement and types, true value, measurement errors, types of errors, accuracy vs.
Precision, range, scope, classification of magnitudes. Application of probabilistic techniques in error analysis. International
system of measurements. Commonly used electrical type units. Multiples and submultiples of the units of the international
system and writing rules.
2.- THE OSCILLOSCOPE.

Definition. Fundamental parts. Blocks diagram. Applications.
9
3.- DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF VOLTAGE, CURRENT.
D'Arsonval measuring instrument (characteristics). Direct current voltmeters and ammeters. AC Voltmeters and Ammeters
(Form Factor, Half Wave and Full Wave Rectifiers).
4.- MEASUREMENT OF RESISTANCE AND IMPEDANCE.

Ohmeter. Direct current and alternating current bridge.
5.- TRANSDUCERS.
Definitions. Model. Classification . Applications.
6.- MEASUREMENT TRANSFORMERS.

Characteristics and applications of current and voltage transformers in electrical systems.
7.- POWER MEASUREMENT.

Principle of the electro-dynamic wattmeter. Single-phase power measurement. Three-phase power measurement: two and three
wattmeter method.
PRACTICE No. 1: TEAM RECOGNITION.

Identification, use and characteristics of the different measuring equipment commonly used in the laboratory.
PRACTICE No. 2: PLOTTING GRAPHICS AND CALIBRATION CURVE.

Plot of the calibration curves of an analog voltmeter in all its scales taking a digital one as a reference.
PRACTICE No. 3: MEASUREMENT METHODS.

Calculation of the value of three unknown resistances through five different measurement methods.
PRACTICE No. 4: STUDY OF THE GALVANOMETER.

Determination of the characteristics of a D'Arsonval galvanometer: maximum scale deflection current and voltage, internal
resistance, sensitivity, linearity, resolution.
PRACTICE No. 5: DESIGN OF AN AMMETER.

Design, calibration and experimental determination of the following ammeter characteristics: sensitivity, linearity, accuracy,
precision, resolution and internal resistance of each range.
PRACTICE No. 6: DESIGN OF A VOLTMETER.

Design, calibration and experimental determination of the following characteristics of the voltmeter: sensitivity, linearity,
accuracy, precision, resolution and internal resistance of each range.
PRACTICE No. 7: DESIGN OF AN OHMETER .
PRACTICE No. 8: DC BRIDGES .

Design and calibration of the direct current bridge. Experimental determination of its sensitivity.
PRACTICE No. 9: ALTERNATING CURRENT BRIDGES .

Design and calibration of the alternating current bridge. Experimental determination of its sensitivity.
PRACTICE No. 10: TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS .

Experimental determination of the characteristics and operation of temperature and pressure transducers.
PRACTICE No. 11: MEASUREMENT TRANSFORMERS .

Experimental determination of the characteristics and operation of measurement transformers as a current and voltage reducing
element.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CARDENAS O & MEDINA. “ Industrial Transducers ”. University of the Andes. 1.997.
2. COOPER & HELFRICK . “ Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques .” 1.991.
10
3. CREUS, A. " Industrial instrumentation ". Marcombo Publishing House. Prentice Hall Hispanoamericana Publishing
House. Fifth edition. Mexico. 1.993.
4. VITALE. “ Text Notes on Electrical Measurements ”. University of the Andes. 1.995.
5. WOLF & SMITH.“ Guide to Electronic Measurements and Laboratory Practices .” Prentice Hall Publishing. Second
edition. 1.992.
6. ZBAR. “ Measurement Practices with Electronic Instruments ”. Marcombo Publishing House. 1.996.

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
LINEAR SYSTEMS ELN-33113

56
3 1 0 3 MAT-31224
CONTENT
1.- INTRODUCTION TO CONTROL SYSTEMS.

Definition of systems. Classification of linear and nonlinear systems, of constant and time-varying parameters, of concentrated
parameters and distributed, continuous and discrete parameters. Definition of control systems. Classification of control systems
into: open loop and closed loop, manual and automatic. The problem of Control Engineering.
2.- MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF PHYSICAL SYSTEMS.

Laplace Transform Review. Transfer function. Block Diagrams. Signal Flow Diagram. Nonlinear systems. Linearization
techniques for nonlinear systems.
3.- TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS.

Impulsive response function. Temporal response of 1st and 2nd order systems to step and ramp type test input. Temporal
response based on the location of the poles and zeros of the transfer function. Routh – Hurwitz stability criterion. Steady state
error analysis.
11
4.- METHOD OF THE GEOMETRIC PLACE OF THE ROOTS.
Introduction, Root Locus Diagram. General rules for the root locus method
5.- FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS.

Logarithmic diagrams or Bode diagrams. Frequency response of the 1st and 2nd order system. Study of the resonance
phenomenon. Obtaining the Bode plot given the transfer function. Obtaining the transfer function from the Bode Diagram.
Minimum and non-minimum phase systems. Study of stabilization on the Bode Diagram.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. ALAN, Oppenheim and ALAN, Willsky. “ Signals and Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. 1.998.
2. KUO, Benjamin. “ Automatic Control Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Seventh edition . 1.996.
3. OGATA, Katsuhito. “ Modern Control Engineering ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Third edition. 1.998.
4. OGATA, Katsuhito. " Dynamic of systems ". Prentice Hall Publishing. 1.987.
5. ROHRS; MELSA; SCHULTZ. “ Linear Control Systems ”. McGraw Hill Publishing. 1.994.
6. SALCEDO, José and LÓPEZ, Jesús. “ Analysis of Linear Electrical Circuits ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. 1.995.
7. SOLIMAN, Samir and SRINATH, Mandyam. “ Continuous and Discrete Signals and Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing.
Second edition.

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY I ELN-35113

THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT QUF-23034
56
3 1 0 3 MAT-31224
CONTENT
1.- VECTOR ANALYSIS.

Orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system. Scalar product. Vector product. Differential operators: gradient, divergence and rotor.
Integral forms to define differential operators and their expressions in all coordinate systems. Line integrals. Vector flow. Gauss
divergence theorem. Stokes' theorem. Helmholz theorem.
2.- ELECTROSTATICS.
Concepts. Electric charge. Coulomb law. Electric field, Field for discrete and continuous charge distributions. Electric field lines.
Electrical flow. Differential form and integral form of Gauss's law. Work to move a point charge in the presence of a magnetic
field. Potential difference. Electric potential function. Potential of an electric dipole.
3.- ELECTROSTATICS.
Applications. Poisson and Laplace equation. Conditions of a Contour (charge and potential). Uniqueness theorem. Solutions to
Laplace's equation in cylindrical, spherical and Cartesian coordinates for one or more variables. Solution to the Poisson equation.
Image theory
4.- MATERIALS, CONDUCTORS AND DIELECTRICS.
Polarization of the dielectric material. Gauss's law for dielectric materials. Capacitance. Driving. Electric current. Law of
conservation of charge. Ohm's law. Electric resistance. Real materials.
5.- MAGNETOSTATICS.
Concepts. Magnetic field. Biot and Savart law. Definition of the magnetic induction vector. Force on a current. Ampere's circuit
law. Gauss's law for the magnetic field. Divergence and rotation of the magnetic field.
6.- MAGNETOSTATICS.
12
Applications. Magnetic potential vector. Poisson and Laplace equation. Divergence and rotation of the magnetic potential vector.
Magnetic flux. Definition of inductance. Magnetic materials.
7.- ELECTRODYNAMICS.
Faraday's law of induction. Lenz's Law. Concept of induced electric field. Modified Ampere's Law. Displacement current
concepts. Applications: disc generator, transformers. Static circuit and time-varying field. Moving circuit and static field.
8.- MAXWELL EQUATIONS.
Differential form of Maxwell's equations. Integral form of Maxwell's equations. Maxwell's equations for harmonic variations in
time. Applications of Maxwell's equations.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CHENG, D. “ Fundamentals of Electromagnetism for Engineering .” Editorial Addison Wesley Iberoamericana. 1.997.
2. HAYT, William. “ Electromagnetic Theory. ” Mc Graw Hill Publishing. Second edition. 1.991.
3. KRAUS,S John and FLEISH, Daniel. “ Electromagnetism with Applications ”. Mac Graw Hill Publishing. Fifth edition.
4. MARSHALL, Stanley; DUBROFF Richard and SKITEK Gabriel . . “ Electromagnetic Theory ”. Prentice Hall
Iberoamericana Publishing House. Fourth edition. 1.997.
5. REITZ, John; MILFORD, Frederick and CHRISTY, Robert. “ Fundamentals of Electromagnetic Theory” . Prentice Hall
Publishing. Fourth edition. 1.996.
6. FERMAN. “Electromagnetism and Matter”.
13
TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
ELECTRICAL NETWORKS III ELC-31134
98
3 1 3 4 ELC-31214
CONTENT
1.- TWO-PORT NETWORKS.
Definition of quadrupoles. Determination of the parameters with their respective models of impedance, admittance, transmission,
inverse transmission, hybrids, inverse hybrids. Relationship between parameters. Determination of input impedance, output
impedance, image impedance and voltage gain with connected load. Condition for a reciprocal network. Quadrupole Association.
2.- THE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER.

Operational amplifier terminals. Magnitudes at the terminals. Equivalent circuit. Applications such as inverting and non-
inverting amplifier, adder, comparator. Differential mode.
3.- RESONANCE.
Behavior of circuit elements in the frequency domain. Serial resonance. Parallel resonance. Quality factor. Selectivity factor.
Bandwidth. Power of a resonant circuit. Practical resonant circuits.
4.- ELECTRICAL FILTERS.

Types of filters. High pass, low pass and band pass filter. Frequency response graphs for two-port networks (transfer function
and Bode plot).
Study of first-order and second-order passive filters. Active filters.
PRACTICE No. 1:
Study of the Single Phase Transformer. Transformation ratio in open circuit and with load. Energy conservation principle.
Corresponding points.
PRACTICE No. 2:
Determination of Z, Y and H parameters to an unknown two-port network. Experimental determination of the parameters Z, Y and
H. Calculation of the T transformation and its input and output impedance.
PRACTICE N o . 3:
Verification of the Z, Y and H parameters of a network designed by the student. Design of a two-port network with passive
elements, symmetrical with an input image impedance equal to the internal impedance of the generator. Experimental verification of
the parameters Z, Y and H.
PRACTICE N o. 4:
Quadrupole Association. Cascade connection of the networks used in practices 2 and 3. Determination of the parameters Z, Y and
H. Verification of maximum power transfer.
PRACTICE N o . 5:
Attenuator circuits. Design of a symmetrical and iterative T attenuator to produce an attenuation of 10 dB and one of 20 dB.
Experimental determination of the attenuations of the above circuits. Repeat procedure for cascade connection.
PRACTICE N o . 6:
The Operational Amplifier. Amplifier, adder and comparator circuits.
PRACTICE N o . 7:
Frequency response in series and parallel RLC circuits. Design of a series and a parallel RLC circuit for a given resonance
14
frequency. Experimental elaboration of Impedance vs. curves. Frequency, current vs. Frequency. Calculation of quality factor and
half power points.
PRACTICE NO. 8:
Passive High Pass and Low Pass Filters RC and RL.
Design of a High Pass Filter and a Low Pass Filter, RC and RL for a given cutoff frequency. Experimental elaboration of the Bode
Diagram in magnitude and phase. Experimental determination of the cutoff frequency.
PRACTICE No. 9:
Passive Band Pass Filters.
Design of a Band Pass Filter for a given upper and lower cutoff frequency. Experimental elaboration of the Bode Diagram in
magnitude and phase. Experimental determination of bandwidth.
PRACTICE No. 10:

Active High Pass and Low Pass type filters.
Design of a High Pass and a Low Pass Active Filter for a given cutoff frequency. Experimental elaboration of the Bode Diagram in
magnitude and phase. Experimental determination of the cutoff frequency.
PRACTICE No. 11:

Active Filters Pass band and Eliminate band.
Design of an Active Band Pass Filter for a given upper and lower cutoff frequency. Experimental elaboration of the Bode Diagram
in magnitude and phase. Experimental determination of bandwidth.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BARAN & ROSALES . “ Analysis of Networks in Permanent Regime ”. University of Carabobo. 1.995.
2. BOBROW, L. “ Analysis of Electrical Circuits ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. Mexico. 1.983.
3. DORF, R. " Electrical circuits. Introduction to Analysis and Design ”. Alfaomega Editions. Mexico. 1.992.
4. HAYT & KEMMERLY . “ Circuit Analysis in Engineering ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. Mexico. 1.993.
5. HUBERT, CH.“ AC/DC Electrical Circuits. Integrated Approach ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. 1.985.
6. IRWIN, D. “ Basic Analysis of Circuits in Engineering .” Prentice Hall Publishing. Fourth edition. Mexico. 1.997.
7. JOHNSON, D. " Basic analysis of electrical circuits ". Prentice Hall Publishing. Fourth edition. Mexico. 1.992.
8. NILSON, J. " Electrical circuits ". Editorial Addison Westley Iberoamericana. Fourth Edition United States. 1.995.
9. VANKELBURG, V. “ Network Analysis ”. Limusa Publishing House. 1.977.

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
15
SUBJECT CODE
ELECTRONICS I ELN-31224

THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT ELN-31213
98
3 1 3 4 ELC-31124
CONTENT
1.-POLARIZATION CIRCUITS FOR BJT TRANSISTORS.
General concepts of polarization. Operating point of a BJT transistor. DC and AC charging lines. Polarization techniques.
Maximum symmetrical excursion. Polarization circuits. Polarization stability against variations in intrinsic parameters and
temperature. Polarization compensation using diodes and thermistors.
2.- LOW FREQUENCY AND SMALL SIGNAL AMPLIFIER WITH BJT.

AC equivalent models for BJT transistors. Calculation of voltage and current gains and input and output impedances for each
designed stage. Analysis and design of single-stage transistorized amplifiers in the three basic configurations: common emitter,
common collector and common base in helmet application.
3.- LOW FREQUENCY AND SMALL SIGNAL AMPLIFIER WITH FET.

Biasing circuits for JFET, MOSFET and CMOS transistors. Equivalent models in AC. Analysis and design of amplifiers in
common source, common drain and common gate configuration in helmet application.
4.- MULTISTAGE AMPLIFIER.

Cascade connection of amplifier stages. Direct, capacitive, transformer and optical coupling. Study of load effects and DC level
shift.
PRACTICE No. 1 : Study of the characteristic curves of the BJT.
PRACTICE Nº 2 : Study of the basic parameters of the BJT.
PRACTICE Nº 3 : Study of the characteristic curves and basic parameters of the FET.
PRACTICE Nº 4 : Polarization and stabilization of amplifier stages with BJT.
PRACTICE Nº 5 : Design of low frequency and small signal amplifier stages with BJT, in the common emitter (EC) configuration.
PRACTICE Nº 6 : Design of low frequency and small signal amplifier stages with BJT, in the emitter follower (SE) configuration.
PRACTICE Nº 7 : Design of low frequency and small signal amplifier stages with FET, in the common source (FC) configuration.
PRACTICE Nº 8 : Design of low frequency and small signal amplifier stages with FET, in the source follower (SF) configuration.
PRACTICE Nº 9 : Study of amplifier stages in helmet application with BJT.
PRACTICE Nº 10 : Study of amplifier stages in helmet application with FET.
PRACTICE Nº 11 : Study of the Darlinton configuration.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BOYLESTAD, Robert. " Electronics. Circuit theory" . Prentice Hall Publishing. Sixth edition. Mexico. 1.996.
2. HORESTEIN, Mark. “ Microelectronics. Circuits and Devices” . Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. Mexico.
1.997.
3. MALIK, Norbert. " Electronic circuits. Analysis, Simulation and Design ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Mexico. 1.996.
4. MALVINO, Albert. “ Principles of Electronics ”. McGraw Hill Publishing. Sixth edition. Spain. 1.999.
5. RASHID, Muhammad. “ Microelectronic Circuits. Analysis and design ". International Thomson Publishing House.
Mexico.1999.
6. SAVANT and Others. " Electronic design ". Addison Wesley Publishing. Second edition. USA. 1.992.
7. SCHILLING - BELOVE. " Electronic circuits ". McGraw Hill Publishing. Third edition. Spain.1993.

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
SIGNAL ANALYSIS ELN-35133
16
THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT ELN- 33113
56
3 1 0 3 CO.ELC-31134
CONTENT
1.- INTRODUCTORY CONCEPTS.

Types of signals. Classification based on their properties. Applications of signal processing in engineering systems.
Introduction to the concept and modeling of a signal. Importance of modeling or representation of a signal in the solution of a
given problem.
2.- REPRESENTATION OF SERIES.
Approximation of a signal by elementary signals. Concept of orthogonality. Approach based on a concept of orthogonality.
Approximation based on an orthogonal set. Coefficient for a minimum square error. Complete base concept. Introduction to
signal vector space.
3.- FOURIER SERIES.
Complex and trigonometric form of the Fourier series. Parseval's theorem. Unilateral and bilateral amplitude and phase spectra.
4.- LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH PERIODIC EXCITATIONS.
Concept and definition of a linear system. Time-invariant linear systems. Transfer function. Response of a linear system to a
periodic signal. Ideal low-pass, band-pass, band-stop filters, etc., and some practical approximations.
5.- FOURIER TRANSFORM.
Interpretation of the transform as a limit of the series. Simple properties and theorems. Convolution. Convolution algebra.
Rayleigh's theorem.
6.- SINGULAR FUNCTIONS AND LINEAR SYSTEMS.
Definition of impulse function. Properties of Fourier transforms of singular functions. Unification of the concept of series and
Fourier transform based on the impulse function. Review of the concept of the transfer function of a linear system.
7.- AUTOCORRELATION AND ENERGY AND POWER SPECTRA.
Signs of finite energy. Autocorrelation and energy spectrum. Periodic signals of finite power. Autocorrelation and power
spectrum. Properties of autocorrelation and the energy or power spectrum. Spectrum analyzers. Cross correlation. Orthogonality
and incoherence.
8.- RANDOM VARIABLES.
Review of fundamental concepts of probabilities: random variables, function, distribution and conditional densities. Expected
values.
9.- RANDOM PROCESSES.
Concept of random processes. Statistical description. Stationary processes. Ergodic processes. Autocorrelation and power spectrum.
Gaussian processes. White processes. Relationship between processes. Response of linear systems to a random process. Bandpass
processes. Rayleigh representation.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CARLSON, Bruce. " Comunication system ". Mc Graw Hill Publishing. 1.990.
2. COUCH II, León. “ Digital and Analog Communication Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Fifth edition. 1.998.
3. HAYKIN, Simón. " Comunication system ". Interamerican Editorial. 1.985.
4. LATHI, B.P. “ Introduction to Communications Theory and Systems .” Limusa Publishing House. 1.991.
5. STREMLER, Ferrel. “ Introduction to Communications Systems ”. Addison Wesley Publishing. Third edition. 1.993.
6. TAUB, Herbert and SCHILLING, Donald. “ Principles of Communication Systems ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. 1.990.
7. OPPENHEIM, Alan and WILLSKY, Alan. “ Signals and Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. 1.998.
8. ZIEMER and TRANTER. “ Principles of Communications. Systems, Modulation and Noise ”. Trillas Editorial. 1.983.

TERM
SPECIALTY ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
LOGIC CIRCUITS ELN-32113
56 CO.ELN-31224
3 1 0 3
CONTENT
1.-DIGITAL SYSTEMS.
System and digital signal; meaning and necessity.
17
2.-NUMBER SYSTEMS AND BINARY CODES.
Number systems: binary, octal, hexadecimal, others. Conversion between systems of different bases. Binary arithmetic
operations. Complement. Binary codes: BCD, Gray, Excess 3, Parity, Error detectors, Alphanumeric.
3.- BOOLE ALGEBRA.

Constants, variables and Boolean functions. Postulates, theorems, and properties of Boolean algebra. Truth table. Canonical form
of a logical function.
4.- SIMPLIFICATION OF FUNCTIONS.

Simplification by the algebraic method. Simplification by the Karnaugh map method. Other simplification methods. Irrelevant
Conditions. Multifunctions.
5.- GATES / LOGICAL FAMILIES .

Logic gates, logical symbology. Representation of logical functions using integrated logic gates. Logical families. General
characteristics. Subfamilies. Applications. Comparative study of families. Positive and negative logic. Integrated circuits.
6.-ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS AT SSI AND MSI LEVEL.

Adders/subtractors: Binary, BCD, etc. Binary multiplier. Binary magnitude comparator. Encoders. Decoders. Multiplexers.
Demultiplexers. Implementation of logic functions with multiplexers and decoders. Converters: Binary-BCD, BCD-7 segments,
etc.
7. PROGRAMMABLE COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS.

Programmable Logic Arrays (PLA). Programmable AND Logical Arrays (PAL).
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CARROL, Bill; IRWIN, David; NAGLE, Troy; NELSON, Victor. “ Analysis and Design of Digital Logic Circuits ”.
Prentice Hall Publishing. First edition. 1996.
2. GIL, Antonio; REMIRO, Fernando; CRESTA, Luis. (1997). “ Digital and Microprogrammable Electronics ”. Prentice
Hall Publishing. First edition.
3. MANDADO, Enrique. “ Digital Electronic Systems ”. Alfa-Omega-Marcombo Publishing House. Seventh Edition (1991.)
4. MORRIS, Hand. " Digital design ". Prentice Hall Publishing. First edition. . (1987).
5. TOCCI, Ronald. " Digital systems. Principles and Applications ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Sixth edition. (1998)
6. WAKERLY, John. " Digital design . Principles and Practices ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. First edition. (1992).

TERM
SPECIALTY ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY II ELN-35123
THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT 56 ELN-35113
3 1 0 3
CONTENT
1.- TIME VARIABLE FIELDS .

Basic postulates, physical interpretations. Resolution of Maxwell's equations through power and energy potentials. Poynting's
theorem. Boundary conditions. Material properties.
2.- PROPAGATION OF PLANE WAVES .
18
Solution of the wave equation. Traveling waves. Characteristics of uniform plane waves. Plane waves in dissipative media. Film
effect. Complex Poynting vector. Perpendicular and oblique incidence of plane waves in perfect conductors and dielectrics.
3.- PLANE WAVES IN EDGE CONDITIONS.

Reflection of uniform plane waves normally incident on perfect conductors. Normal incidence on dielectrics. Reflection with
various dielectrics. Oblique incidence of plane and uniform waves on dielectrics. Fields on the surface and inside a non-perfect
conductor. Film effect.
4.- RADIATION.
Potential theory. Spherical waves. Radiation. Elementary cases of antennas. Particular case of the equations of
Maxwell to obtain circuit equations.
5.- DIRECTED ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES.

TEM, TE and TM waves. Modal analysis. Equivalent circuits of waveguides. TEM modes Coaxial conductors with TEM modes.
Parallel planes. The rectangular waveguide. Circular guides. Other guiding structures. Resonant cavities.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CHENG, D. “ Fundamentals of Electromagnetism for Engineering” . Addison Wesley Publishing. 1997.
2. HAYT, William. “ Electromagnetic Theory” . Mc Graw Hill Publishing. Second edition. 1991.
3. KRAUSS, John and FLEISH, Daniel. “ Electromagnetism with Applications .” Mac Graw Hill Publishing. Fifth edition.
1986.
4. MARSHALL, Stanley; DUBROFF, Richard and SKITEK, Gabriel. “ Electromagnetic Theory .” Prentice Hall
Iberoamericana Publishing House. Fourth edition. 1997.
5. REITZ, John; MILFORD, Frederick and CHRISTY, Robert. “Fundamentals of Electromagnetic Theory .” Prentice Hall
Publishing. Fourth edition. 1996.

TERM
SPECIALTY ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
ELECTRONICS II ELN-31234
3 1 3 4
CONTENT
19
1.- POWER AMPLIFIER .
Power amplification stages. Classification of amplifiers. Class A amplifier. Class B push-pull amplifiers. Class AB push-pull
amplifiers. Integrated circuit power amplifiers. Heat sinks. Power transistors: BJT, MOSFET and IGBT.
2.- FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER .
Concept of negative feedback and its effect on the operation of an amplifier. Study of the four feedback topologies and their
effect on voltage and current gains and on input and output impedances.
3.- DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER .
Basic topology of the differential amplifier. Signals and profits in differential mode and common mode. Common mode
rejection ratio. (CMRR). Differential amplifiers with BJT, JFET, MOSFET AND CMOS. Cascade of Differential Amplifiers.
4.- INTEGRATED OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
The 741 integrated circuit: circuit diagram, encapsulation, circuit symbol and terminals. Non-ideal characteristics of the
operational amplifier: output saturation levels, offset voltages, maximum output current and response speed. Ideal model of the
operational amplifier. The operational amplifier as a comparator. Linear applications: inverting and non-inverting amplifier,
adder, subtractor, derivative and integrator. Signal generators: square, triangular, sawtooth and sine wave. Precision rectifiers.
PRACTICE Nº 1 : Design of multistage amplifiers with direct coupling.
PRACTICE Nº 2 : Design of multistage amplifiers with capacitive coupling.
PRACTICE Nº 3 : Design of power amplifier stages: class AB: Push-Pull of complementary symmetry.
PRACTICE Nº 4 : Studies of the effects of feedback in amplifiers
PRACTICE Nº 5 : Design of feedback amplifiers.
PRACTICE Nº 6 : Study of differential amplifiers.
PRACTICE Nº 7 : Familiarization with the Operational Amplifier.
PRACTICE Nº 8 : Study of Linear Applications of Operational Amplifiers. Part 1.
PRACTICE Nº 9 : Study of Linear Applications of Operational Amplifiers. Part 2.
PRACTICE Nº 10 : The Operational Amplifier as a comparator.
PRACTICE Nº 11 : Study and application of precision rectifiers with operational amplifiers.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BOYLESTAD, Robert. " Electronics. Circuit theory ." Prentice Hall Publishing. Sixth edition. Mexico. (1996).
2. COUGHLIN-DRISCOLL. “ Operational Amplifiers and Linear Integrated Circuits .” Prentice Hall Publishing. Fifth
edition. Mexico. (1999).
3. GRAY-MEYER. “ Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits .” Prentice Hall Publishing. Third edition.
Mexico. (1995).
4. HORESTEIN, Mark. “ Microelectronics. Circuits and Devices ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. Mexico.
(1997)
5. MALIK, Norbert. " Electronic circuits. Analysis, Simulation and Design ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Mexico. (1996).
6. MALVINO, Albert. “ Principles of Electronics. “. McGraw Hill Publishing. Sixth edition. Spain. (1999).
7. RASHID, Muhammad. “ Microelectronic Circuits. Analysis and design ". Editorial International Thomson Mexico.
(1999).
8. SAVANT and Others. " Electronic design ". Addison-Wesley Publishing. Second edition. USA. (1992).
9. SCHILLING-BELOVE. " Electronic circuits ". McGraw Hill Publishing. Third edition. Spain. (1993).

TERM
SPECIALTY ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
DIGITAL SYSTEMS I ELN-32124
98
3 1 3 4 ELN-32113
CONTENT
20
1. SEQUENTIAL SYSTEMS.
Introduction. Concept of sequential systems. General model. Synchronous and asynchronous sequential system. Sequential
basic unit: NOR and NAND latch, logic diagram, symbol, state table. Flip-flops: RS, D, JK, T. Logic diagram, symbol, state
table, equation, excitation table, timing diagram. Level activated flip-flop. Master-slave flip-flop. Edge-triggered flip-flop.
Direct inputs: Preset and clear. Multivibrators: Astable, monostable, Timer 555.
2. SYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL SYSTEMS.

Analysis and design of synchronous sequential systems. State table, state diagram, state equations, flip-flop input equations, system
output equations, excitation table, timing diagram. Assignment and reduction of states Mealy and Moore circuit.
3. ACCOUNTANTS AND RECORDS.

Analysis and design of synchronous and asynchronous counters with flip-flops. Integrated synchronous and asynchronous
counters. Counter applications. Analysis and design of registers with flip-flops. Types of records. Integrated records.
Applications of records.
4. ASYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL SYSTEMS.

Analysis of asynchronous sequential systems. State table, excitation table, transition table, output table, state and output
equations, state and time diagram.
5. PROGRAMMABLE SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS.

Sequential circuits with programmable logic matrices (PLA) and with programmable AND logic matrices (PAL). Field
sequential circuits (FPLS).
6. FAULT ANALYSIS.
Definition of failure. Failure classification. Fault detection and correction. Careers, risks and joys.
PRACTICE No.1. MANAGEMENT OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS.

Practical considerations of integrated circuits: Families, characteristics, manual management, manufacturer specifications.
Management of application program (software) for simulation of digital circuits.
PRACTICE No.2. DIGITAL CIRCUIT AT SSI LEVEL.

Design and implementation of a combinational circuit using gates (at SSI level).
PRACTICE No.3. DIGITAL CIRCUIT AT MSI LEVEL.

Design and implementation of a combinational circuit using multiplexers or decoders (at MSI level).
PRACTICE No.4. USE OF INTEGRATED ADDERS.

Design and implementation of combinational circuits using integrated adders: binary subtractor adder, binary multiplier, etc.
PRACTICE No.5. USING THE BUILT-IN TIMER (555).

Design and implementation of circuits with the integrated 555 (TIMER): Astable, monostable, other applications.
21
PRACTICE No.6. USE OF FLIP-FLOPS.
Design and implementation of sequential circuits from flip-flops: counters, frequency dividers, sequence detectors, etc.
PRACTICE No.7. USE OF INTEGRATED COUNTERS.

Design and implementation of sequential circuits from integrated counters: variable module counter, digital clock, etc.
PRACTICE No.8. USE OF INTEGRATED RECORDS.

Design and implementation of sequential circuits with integrated registers: sequential adder, sequential comparator, etc.
PRACTICE No.9. ELECTRONIC GAME.

Design of a digital electronic game.

Simulation of the digital electronic game designed.

Implementation of the designed digital electronic game.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CARROL, Bill; IRWIN, David; NAGLE, Troy; NELSON, Victor. “ Analysis and Design of Digital Logic Circuits ”.
Prentice Hall Publishing. First Edition (1996.).
2. GIL, Antonio; REMIRO, Fernando; CRESTA, Luis. “ Digital and Microprogrammable Electronics ”. Prentice Hall
Publishing. First edition. (1997).
3. MANDADO, Enrique. “ Digital Electronic Systems ”. Alfa-Omega-Marcombo Publishing House. Seventh edition.
(1991)
4. MORRIS, Hand. " Digital design ". Prentice Hall Publishing. First edition. (1987).
5. TOCCI, Ronald. " Digital systems. Principles and Applications ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Sixth edition. ( 1998).
6. WAKERLY, John. " Digital design . Principles and Practices ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. First edition. (1992).
22
ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY TERM
SUBJECT CODE
COMMUNICATIONS I ELN-35213
LABORATOR
THEORY PRACTICE UNITS/CREDIT 56 ELN-35133
Y
3 1 0 3
CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION.
General concept of modulation. Need for modularity in engineering applications. Different types of linear and non-linear
modulation. Low-pass and high-pass signals. Representation of pass-and-pass signals. Components in phase and quadrature.
Envelope and instantaneous phase.
2.- LINEAR MODULATION.

Amplitude modulation with and without carrier (AM and DBL). Single lateral band (SBL) and vestigial lateral band (BLV).
Analysis of different types of modulators. Signal to noise ratio. Linear modulation detection. Envelope detector. Coherent or
synchronous detector. Frequency multiplexing (FDM). The superheterodyne receiver. Analysis of some common
communications systems.
3.- NON-LINEAR MODULATION.

Frequency (FM) and phase or angular modulation (PM). Signal characteristics with narrowband and wideband modulation.
Analysis of different types of modulators. Signal to noise ratio. Frequency limiters and multipliers. Angular modulation
detection. Discriminators and phase-locked loops (PLL). Commercial FM system.
4.- NOISE AND INTERFERENCE.

Review of fundamental concepts about random processes. Quality of the signal detected in the presence of noise, in linear and
non-linear modulation systems. Threshold effect on the envelope detector. Threshold effect on the FM and PM detector. Pre-
emphasis and de-emphasis in FM. Comparison of the different systems.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CARLSON, BRUCE. " Comunication system ". Mc Graw Hill Publishing. (1990).
2. COUCH II, LEON. “ Digital and Analog Communication Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Fifth edition. (1998).
3. HAYKIN, SIMON. " Comunication system ". Interamerican Editorial. (1985).
4. LATHI, B.P. “ Introduction to Communications Theory and Systems .” Limusa Publishing House. . (1991).
5. STREMLER, FERREL. “ Introduction to Communications Systems ”. Addison-Wesley Publishing. Third edition. (1993).
6. TAUB, HERBERT and SCHILLING, DONALD. “ Principles of Communication Systems ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing.
(1990).
7. OPPENHEIM, ALAN and WILLSKY, ALAN. “ Signals and Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. (1998).
8. TOMASI, WAYNE. “ Electronic Communications Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. (1998).
9. ZIEMER, R.E. and TRANTER, H. “ Principles of Communications. Systems, Modulation and Noise ”. Trillas Editorial.
(1983).

ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
23
SUBJECT CODE
LINES OF TRANSMISSION ELN-35313
2 2 2 3
CONTENT
1.- FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND EQUATIONS OF THE TRANSMISSION LINE.

Introduction. Models and analysis tools. Transmission line model postulation. Considerations regarding the solution of the
“Telegraphers' Equations”. The lossless line. The non-distorting line. Energy considerations for lossless and non-distorting
cases.
2.- THE HARMONIC CASE.

Stationary solution of the differential equation of the line with sinusoidal excitation. Application of boundary conditions to the
solution found. Considerations regarding attenuation. Impedance at any point on the line. Stress reflection coefficient.
3.- THE HARMONIC CASE. THE LOSSLESS LINE. (1) GENERAL ANALYSIS .
Introduction. Specialization of solutions to the case of lossless lines. Phase velocity and wavelength. Impedance. Stress
reflection coefficient. Analysis of voltage and current as a function of voltage reflection coefficient. Standing waves. Standing
wave ratio. The transmission coefficient. The line with different loads. Considerations regarding power. Electrical and magnetic
energy. Power and disadaptation.
4.- THE HARMONIC CASE. THE LOSSLESS LINE. (2) THE TRANSMISSION LINE AS A CIRCUIT ELEMENT AND
IMPEDANCE ADAPTATION.
Lines in short circuit (dc) and in open circuit (ac). Suppression of even harmonics. Third harmonic suppression. Impedance
adaptation through the transformer to distributed constants. Adaptation using a short-circuited line arranged in parallel.
Adaptation using two short-circuited lines arranged in parallel.
5.- THE HARMONIC CASE. THE LOSSLESS LINE. (3) DIAGRAMS.

Introduction. Cartesian Schmidt diagram for impedances. Cartesian admittance diagram. Smith polar diagram of impedances.
Smith diagram of admittances. Description of the scales that appear at the bottom of the Smith diagram. Cartesian and Smith
diagram for the case of negative resistances. Other diagrams.
6.- THE HARMONIC CASE. THE LINE WITH LOSSES.

The propagation constant. The voltage (V), current (I) and impedance (Z) graphs for the case with losses. The voltage reflection
coefficient. Considerations regarding power. The low loss line. The power dissipated in the low-loss line. Need for impedance
adaptation. Insection loss. Using the Smith diagram for the lossy line. Short-circuit and open-circuit lines, with very low losses
and of various lengths. Very low loss resonant transmission lines.
7.- LINE TECHNOLOGY.

Types of telephone and telegraph lines. Frequencies used in telephone and telegraphic communications. The ghost circuit.
Telephone amplifiers and repeaters. Noise and crosstalk. Radio frequency lines, characteristics of conductors and dielectrics;
open and coaxial lines; waveguides.
PRACTICE No 1. HIGH FREQUENCY ELEMENTS AND EQUIPMENT .

Knowledge of high frequency elements and equipment. Description and display of high frequency elements and equipment such as:
connectors (UHF, BNC, N874, APC7), coaxial cables (RG8, RG58, RG59, etc.), waveguides (C band and X band), equipment
laboratory and field.
PRACTICE No 2. KLYSTRON REFLEX STUDY .

Installation of a transmission line that allows an electromagnetic signal: field generated by a Klystron Reflex.
PRACTICE No 2. KLYSTRON REFLEX STUDY .

Installation of a transmission line that allows an electromagnetic signal: field generated by a Klystron Reflex.
PRACTICE No 3. MEASUREMENT OF FREQUENCIES, WAVELENGTH AND ATTENUATION .

Study of the relationship between frequency and wavelength of a transmission line. Attenuation measurement.
24
PRACTICE No 4. REFLECTOMETRY IN THE TEMPORAL DOMAIN: STUDY AND MANAGEMENT OF TDR .
Measuring the length of a line. Determination of a load and the presence of discontinuities.
PRACTICE No. 5. STANDING WAVE PATTERN .

Familiarization with the slotted line to identify the standing wave pattern (SWR) in a line.
PRACTICE No 6. MEASURING THE ROE WITH THE SLOTTED LINE .

Measurement of the standing wave ratio (SWR) and associated wavelength on a transmission line. With slotted line.
PRACTICE No 7. MEASUREMENT OF IMPEDANCES WITH THE IMPEDANCE BRIDGE OR SUBSTITUTE .

Using the Smith diagram and measuring an unknown impedance.
PRACTICE No 8. STUDY OF THE GUNN OSCILLATOR .

Familiarization with the operation of the Guun oscillator and measurement of some of its characteristics.
PRACTICE No 9. ADAPTATION WITH THE SLIDING SCREW TUNER .

Using the sliding screw tuner to adapt a load.
PRACTICE No 10. POWER MEASUREMENTS: INCIDENT AND REFLECTED .

Use of appropriate measuring instruments (bolometric bridge, power meter, etc.) to measure power at different points of a line.
PRACTICE No 11. MEASUREMENTS OF ATTENUATION AND INSERTION LOSSES .

Determination of losses and attenuation in a line.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
CONTROL THEORY I ELN-33123

56 ELN-33113
3 1 0 3
25
CONTENT
1.- FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS.

Polar diagrams or Nyquist diagrams. Nyquist stability criterion. Diagrams of logarithms of magnitude as a function of phase or
Black Diagrams. Stability analysis. Specifications in the frequency domain. Use of the Nichols chart to determine the closed-
loop frequency response.
2.- DESIGN AND COMPENSATION TECHNIQUES (FREQUENCY METHODS)

Preliminary design considerations. Compensation, Types of compensation: Lead network, Lag network and Lag-lead network.
Design of cascade compensation networks.
3.- BASIC CONTROL ACTIONS.

Basic control actions. On-off, proportional, integral, proportional and integral, proportional and derivative, proportional,
derivative and integral.
Proportional and derivative control of a second order system. Effect of derivative and integral control action on system
behavior
4.- STATE SPACE METHOD.

Basic concepts. Transfer matrix. Controllability. Observability. Optimal control system. Control system with model reference.
Adaptive control system. Control systems with learning.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. OGATA Katsuhiko. “ Modern Control Engineering ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Third edition. (1998).
2. OGATA Katsuhiko. “ Control Engineering Problem .” Using MATLAB. Prentice Hall Publishing. (1998).
3. KUO Benjamin C. “ Automatic Control Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Seventh edition. (1996).
4. LEWIS Paul H. And YANG Chang. “ Control Systems in Engineering ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. (1998).
5. DORF. R. “ Modern Control Systems” . Addison Wesley. Second edition. (1993).
6. Franklin G., POWELL, D.” Control of Dynamic Systems with Feedback ”. ADDISON-ESLEY Publishing. (1991).

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
ELECTRONICS III ELN-31244
3 1 3 4
CONTENT
1.- FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF THE AMPLIFIER.
Cutoff frequencies and bandwidth of an amplifier. Low frequency response : Effect of coupling and decoupling capacitors in the
different BJT and FET amplifier configurations. Use of overlapping and dominant pole technique. High frequency response :
Model for high frequencies of the BJT and the FET. Effect of internal parasitic capacitances of transistors. Behavior at high
26
frequencies of the different BJT and FET amplifier configurations. Gain-bandwidth product. Frequency response of cascade
stages. Frequency response of feedback amplifiers. The transistor as a switch and response speed of an amplifier against its
bandwidth.
2. -ACTIVE FILTERS AND OSCILLATORS.
Basic first order active filter. Second order filters: low-pass, high-pass and band-pass. Narrow band and wide band filters. Filters
in waterfalls. Notch filters.
Oscillators: Wien bridge, phase shift, LC tuned, crystal.
3. -POWER SUPPLIES.
Introduction: Transformation, rectification and filtering. Need for voltage regulation. Integrated circuit linear voltage regulators.
Regulated series type power supplies. Switching power supplies: foward type and flyback type, uses and advantages.
4.- THYRISTOR DEVICES .
Definition and classification of thyristor devices. The SCR, the TRIAC and the GTO. The DIAC, the UJT and the PUT.
Triggering techniques: by pulse transformers and optocouplers. Applications in phase control and controlled rectification.
PRACTICE No. 1: Design of Square and Triangular waveform generators.
PRACTICE No. 2: Sawtooth waveform generator design.
PRACTICE No. 3: Synchronized Pulse Width Modulator Design.
PRACTICE No. 4: Study of the effect of coupling and decoupling capacitors for the low frequency response of the
amplifiers.
PRACTICE No. 5: High frequency behavior of amplifier stages.
PRACTICE No. 6: Design of an amplifier based on a given frequency response.
PRACTICE No. 7: Study of the effect of feedback on bandwidth and response speed in amplifiers
PRACTICE No. 8: Study of active filters.
PRACTICE No. 9: Study of active oscillators.
PRACTICE No.10: Project: Regulated and switching power supply. Part 1.
PRACTICE No. 11 Project: Regulated and switching power supply. Part 2.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BOYLESTAD, Robert. " Electronics. Circuit theory ". Prentice Hall Publishing. Sixth edition. Mexico. (1996).
2. COUGHLIN-DRISCOLL. “ Operational Amplifiers and Linear Integrated Circuits .” Fifth edition. Prentice Hall. Mexico.
(1999).
3. GRAY-MEYER. “ Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Third Edition Mexico.
(1995).
4. HORESTEIN, Mark. “ Microelectronics. Circuits and Devices ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. Mexico.
(1997).
5. MALIK, Norbert. " Electronic circuits. Analysis, Simulation and Design ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Mexico. (1996).
6. MALVINO, Albert. “ Principles of Electronics ”. McGraw Hill Publishing. Sixth edition. Spain. (1999).
7. RASHID, Muhammad. “ Microelectronic Circuits. Analysis and Design .”.International ThomsonEditors. Mexico.(1999).
8. SAVANT and Others. " Electronic design ". Addison-Wesley Publishing. Second edition. USA. . (1992).
9. SCHILLING-BELOVE. " Electronic circuits ". McGraw Hill Publishing. Third edition. Spain. (1993).
TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
COMMUNICATIONS II ELN-35223
84 ELN-35213
2 2 2 3
CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION.
General introduction to pulse modulation communication systems and data transmission.
2.- SAMPLING.
Sampling theorem. Ideal sampling and practical sampling. Bandwidth required to transmit pulses.
3.- PULSE AMPLITUDE MODULATION (PAM).

PAM generators. Parameters of the modulated signal. The non-synchronous receiver with low-pass interpolator. Distortion and
equalization in PAM. Signal to noise ratio S/N in the receiver with interpolator. Improvement of the S/N ratio by blocking the
27
receiver. Adapted filters. The optimal PAM receiver. Synchronization problems. Baseband transmission and subsequent
modulation. Interference between pulses.
4.- MODULATION OF PULSES IN POSITION AND DURATION .

PDM and PPM modulators. Approximate spectrum analysis. Signal recovery by conversion into PAM. Receivers with
thresholds and trimmers. Calculation of the S/N ratio. Receiver nonlinearity and threshold effect.
5.- MULTIPLEXED IN TIME .

Time multiplexing technique. Crosstalk produced by channel imperfections. Combined relationship. Comparison of
multiplexing in time and frequency.
6.- PULSE CODING MODULATION (PCM).

Principles of pulse coded modulation. Fundamental steps of PCM modulation. Digitization of analog signals. Quantification.
Quantification error. Compressors and expanders. Coding. Companion. Signal to noise ratio in PCM. Bandwidth and power
needed. Transmission errors. System threshold. Influence of the carrier system in determining the threshold. Modulation by
differential pulse coding. Delta Modulation (DM). Saturation and quantization noise.
7.- LINE CODES.

Binary line coding. Power spectra of binary line codes. Differential coding. Eye patterns. Regenerative repeaters. Bit
synchronization. Power spectra of multi-level signals. Spectral efficiency. Intersymbolic interference (ISI). First Nyquist
method. Raised cosine reduction filtration. Second and third Nyquist methods for controlling intersymbolic interference.
8.- DIGITAL MODULATION METHODS.

Introduction. Manipulation by amplitude variations (ASK). Manipulation by frequency (FSK) and phase (PSK) variations.
Coherent and non-coherent ASK detection. ASK in quadrature. PSK in quadrature. Comparison of digital modulation methods.
9.- INFORMATION THEORY AND CODING.

Information concept. Entropy. Font encoding. Huffman method. Capacity of a channel. Error correcting codes. Parity check.
Linear codes. Hamming codes.
PRACTICE No.1: AMPLITUDE MODULATION.

Temporal analysis of an AM signal. Measurement of the main parameters of an AM modulator: frequency response and linearity.
PRACTICE No.2: AMPLITUDE MODULATION.

Spectral analysis of an AM signal.
PRACTICE No.3: ENVELOPE DETECTOR.

Study and design of the envelope detector.
PRACTICE No.4: BALANCED MODULATOR.

Analysis of the balanced modulator as a double sideband modulator and mixer. Measurement of its main parameters.
PRACTICE No.5: MODULATION AND DETECTION IN SINGLE SIDE BAND (SSB).

Study of the characteristics of the filter used for the selection of the side bands. BLU signal analysis. Transmission and reception
through a BLU channel.
PRACTICE No.6: SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER.
Study of the operation of each of the stages of the superheterodyne AM receiver. Measurement of the most important parameters of
each stage.
PRACTICE No.7: SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER.
Measurement of the most important parameters of the complete receiver. Signal analysis and tuning of a local station.
PRACTICE No.8: FREQUENCY MODULATION (FM).

Temporal analysis of an FM signal. Analysis of a frequency modulator. Measurement of its main parameters. Spectral study of an
FM signal.
PRACTICE No.9: SAMPLING AND RECONSTRUCTION.

Study of the effects of sampling and reconstruction of a signal and the different associated parameters.
PRACTICE No.10: MODULATION BY PULSE CODING.

Study of the fundamentals and operation of a PCM modulator.
PRACTICE No.11: MULTIPLEXING BY FREQUENCY DIVISION.
28
Study of a two-channel multiplexing system. Spectral analysis.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BENEDETTO, S.; BIGLIERI, E. and CASTELLANI, V. “ Digital Transmission Theory ”. Prentice Hall Publishing.
International Publishing. (1990).
2. COUCH II, Leon. “ Digital and Analog Communication Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Fifth edition. (1998).
3. LATHI,. B.P. “ Communications Systems ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. Mexico. (1991).
4. STREMLER, Ferrel. “ Introduction to Communications Systems ”. Addison-Wesley Publishing. Third edition. (1993).
5. TOMASI, Wayne. “ Electronic Communications Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. (1998).

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
DIGITAL SYSTEMS II ELN-32134

THEOR
PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT
Y 98 ELN-32124
3 1 3 4
CONTENT
1.- HIGH SCALE INTEGRATION DEVICES.

Introduction. Historical evolution. Definition. Classification. Current consumption characteristics in transients. Considerations
for routing power supply lines in a circuit. Basic classification (organization of a programmable digital system): Memory,
Central Processing Unit, digital and analog input/output.
2.- MEMORIES.
Definition. Concepts. Classification. Basic structure of semiconductor memories. Access process. Time diagrams. Existing
devices on the market: nomenclature, electrical characteristics, etc.
3.- MEMORY BANKS.

Quantification of information. Memory capacity. Ways to extend the capacity of a memory: in number of words, in word
length. Power supply considerations. Bus conflict and contention. Memory map. Design of memory banks.
4.- FUNCTIONAL BLOCKS OF THE CPU.

CPU concept. Description of functional blocks: Registers, Arithmetic-Logic Unit, Control Unit. Bus Structure. Interaction
between functional elements. Types of control unit. Microprogrammed control unit: control word, state flags.
29
Microprogramming.
5.- INPUT/EXIT IN PARALLEL.

Parallel transmission: basic definitions, modes, normalized word lengths, protocols. Commonly used devices: types, structure,
connection and programming. Detailed study of a port. Typical applications.
6.- A/D AND D/A CONVERTERS.

Concepts about analog signals: excursion range, dynamic range, frequency limit. Comparison between analog and digital
signals. Digital-analog (D/A) conversion process: devices and diagrams. Analog – digital (A/D) conversion process: devices
and diagrams.
7.- SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT.

Serial transmission: basic definitions, types, protocols. Serial transmission devices: types, structure, electrical diagrams and
programming. Detailed study of: standards, schemes and commonly used protocols. Clock signals: frequency, useful cycle,
period, phase relationships. Programmable timers and counters, applications.
PRACTICE No. 1. USE OF RAM MEMORY.

Design and implementation of a RAM memory bank. Reading and writing RAM. Management of time diagrams.
PRACTICE No. 2. MANAGEMENT OF THE PROGRAMMER AND EPROM DRAFT.

Study and management of an EPROM programmer. Management of the EPROM draft. Recording and erasing of a UVEPROM
memory.
PRACTICE No. 3. USE OF EPROM MEMORIES.

Design and implementation of an EPROM memory application.
PRACTICE No.4. USE OF ALU.

Integrated ALU (arithmetic logic unit) management.
PRACTICE No. 5. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT.
Design and integration of the register block and the ALU of a central processing unit (CPU).

Design and implementation of the control unit (UC) of a central processing unit (CPU).

Design and implementation of a CPU that executes a microprogram.
PRACTICE No. 8. USE OF D/A CONVERTERS.

Design and implementation of an application where D/A converters are used.
PRACTICE No. 9. CHARACTER GENERATOR.

Design and implementation of the D/A converter stage of a character generator.

Design and recording in an EPROM memory of the character set to be presented.

Integration of previously designed blocks of the character generator.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BREY, Barry. “ INTEL Microprocessors. Architecture, Programming and Interfaces ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Third
edition. (1995).
30
2. “ Interconnection of Peripherals to Microprocessors ”. Electronic World Series. Marcombo Publishing House. (1987).
3. HAND, Morris. “ Computational Engineering. Hardware Design ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. (1991).
4. TOCCI, Ronald. " Digital systems. Principles and Applications ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Sixth edition. (1998).

SPECIALTY ACADEMIC TERM
SUBJECT CODE
MICROWAVE I ELN-35323
2 2 2 3 84 ELN-35313
CONTENT
1.- INTRODUCTION TO MICROWAVES.

The microwave spectrum in the spectrum of electromagnetic waves. Frequency bands. Wavelength corresponding to each band.
Applications.
2.- DISPERSION MATRIX.

Dispersion parameters that characterize microwave devices and systems.
3.- ANISOTROPIC MEDIA.

Composition and behavior of anisotropic media before microwaves. Behavior and characteristics of ferrites. Effect of polarized
ferrites on microwave propagation.
4.- PASSIVE DEVICES.

Behavior of electric and magnetic fields in passive devices (reciprocal and non-reciprocal) used in microwaves. Operation of
passive devices (reciprocal and non-reciprocal) used in microwaves.
5.- MICROWAVE GENERATORS AND AMPLIFIERS.

Operation of the generating tubes: type “O” and type “M”, used to energize a microwave system. Operation of solid state
devices: oscillators and amplifiers, used in microwave systems. Amplification “chains” in microwave systems.
6.- MICROWAVE APPLICATIONS.

Characteristics of microwave bands and their suitability in specific applications. Operation of classic microwave systems.
31
PRACTICE 1: STUDY OF THE KLYSTRON REFLEX.

Introduction to the study of klystron. Regulated voltage modulation. Study of modes.
PRACTICE 2: STUDY OF THE GUNN OSCILLATOR.

Current-voltage characteristic. Effect of output and frequency as a function of voltage. Output power as a function of frequency.
Modulation by rectangular signals.
PRACTICE 3: MEASUREMENT OF FREQUENCY, WAVELENGTH AND ATTENUATION.

Frequency measurement with the frequency meter or counter. Wavelength measurement. Attenuation measurement.
PRACTICE 4: MEASURING THE STANDING WAVE RATIO (SWR).

Measurement of small and medium values of ROE. Measurements of high ROE values. Measurement of ROE by the double
minimum method and the calibrated attenuator method.
PRACTICE 5: POWER MEASUREMENT USING THE BOLOMETER.

Study of the bolometric bridge and power measurement.
PRACTICE 6: MEASUREMENT OF ATTENUATION.

Study of the power ratio method and the RF substitution method.
PRACTICE 7: DIRECTIONAL COUPLER.

Coupling factor measurement. Directivity measurement. Reflection coefficient measurement.
PRACTICE 8: IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT USING THE SMITH DIAGRAM.

Measurement of an unknown impedance at different frequencies. Handling of Smith's letter.
PRACTICE 9: ADAPTATION WITH THE VARIABLE PROBE.

Study of reflection in open waveguide. Adaptation of a given load. Measurement of the reflection of the adapter plus the adapted
load.
PRACTICE 10: STUDY OF THE CRYSTAL DETECTOR.

Study of the quadratic behavior of the detector. Measurement of the tangential sensitivity of a detector with the help of the SWR
meter.
PRACTICE 11: STUDY OF THE RADIATION LOBE OF A TURNAL.

Determination of the radiation lobe of a turbinate antenna by measuring points of equal power in a plane.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. COLLIN. “ Foundations of Microwave Engineering ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing.
2. HARRINGTON, R. F. “ Time Harmonic Electromagnetic Fields ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. (1961).
3. HAYT William. “ Electromagnetic Theory ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. (1981).
4. HELSZAJN, J. “ Passive and Active Microwave Circuits ”. John Wiley & Sons Publishing. (1978).
5. RAMO, S., WHINNERY, J. R., VAN DUZER, T. “ Fields and Waves in Communications Electronics .” John Wiley &
Sons Publishing.
32
TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
ADVANCED COMPUTING SYC-32313

THEOR
PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT
Y
98 CO.ELN-32134
1 3 3 3
CONTENT
1.-PROGRAMMING.
Programming paradigms: modular programming, structured programming, object-oriented programming. Introduction to the
principles for the development and correct writing of programs according to the following software quality standards: definition
of the problem, coding in logical units that allow easy reading, compression and maintenance of the program, implementation of
good documentation.
2.-PRESENTATION OF LANGUAGE C.
Structure of a program in C Language. Turbo C++ IDE environment. Build directives. Global and local declarations.
3.-SUMMARY OF C LANGUAGE COMMANDS.

Studies of the basic commands of the C Language.
4.-VARIABLES, CONSTANTS, OPERATORS AND EXPRESSIONS.

Types of variables (global, local, external and registry) and constants. Use of operators to form expressions. Declaration of
variables and constants.
5.-CONTROL SENTENCES.
Programming statements according to Bohm and Jacopini. Assignment statements. Selection statements: simple, double and
multiple. Repetition sentence. Conditionals evaluated at the beginning, evaluated at the end. Unconditional.
6.-FUNCTIONS.
Functions such as logical units or blocks to carry out tasks within a program.
7.-INPUT, OUTPUT AND FILES ON DISK.

Data input from the keyboard or any device capable of producing a digital signal, data output to any device capable of handling
it. Reading files on disk and/or floppy disk. Port management: serial and parallel.
33
8.-POINTER.
Use C language pointers, compression of your work. Pointers to memory addresses, memory contents, arrays, to strings or
strings, to functions.
9.-ARRANGEMENTS.
One-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays, checking array boundaries.
10.-STRUCTURES, JOINTS AND TYPES DEFINED BY THE USER.

Combination of variables to form a structure, memory sharing by many variables forming a union. Definition of standard
variables using Typedef.
11.-PROGRAM DEBUGGING IN C.
Writing programs in C language, common errors, debugging modes, error tracking features, syntax errors, message window.
12.-GRAPHIC MANAGEMENT.
Graphic mode initialization. Definition and use of graphic functions.
PRACTICE No.1.
Structure of a C program, definition of the different types of variables, basic input and output functions (printf scanf), logical and
arithmetic functions.
PRACTICE No.2 .
Analysis and development of programs with loops and conditional structures (if, if else, switch, while, do-while, for).
PRACTICE No.3.
Analysis and development of programs using vectors and matrices.
PRACTICE No.4 .
Analysis and development of programs using pointers and user-defined functions.
PRACTICE No. 5.
Management of PC ports (serial).
PRACTICE No.6.
Management of PC ports (parallel).
PRACTICE No.7 .
Development of a simple communication network between two PCs.
PRACTICE No.8 .
Management of graphic functions, initialization of graphic mode, basic functions and advanced functions.
PRACTICE No.9 .
Analysis and development of a digital multimeter using the computer.
PRACTICE No.10 .
Analysis and development of a digital oscilloscope using the computer.
PRACTICE No.11 .
Assignment of the final project, applying all the knowledge acquired in the course: Development of a PLC. Development of
distributed control using several PCs. Development of a ring network. Projects proposed by the student.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
34
1. ANTONAKOS, James; Kenneth, MANSFIELD and John, HULL. “ Structured Programming in C. ” Prentice Hall
Publishing. (1997). First edition.
2. CEVALLOS, Javier. “ C++ Language Course ”. Addisson-Wesley Publishing House. (1997).
3. DEITEL, H. and DEITEL, P. “ How to Program in C++ ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. (1999).
4. HEKMATPOUR, Sharam. “ C++ Guide for C Programmers ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. First edition. (1998).
5. SCHILDT, Herbert. “ Turbo C/C++ Reference Manual ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. (1997).

TERM
SPECIALTY ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE ELN-32213
84 ELN-32134
2 2 2 3
CONTENT
1.- HISTORICAL EVOLUTION.
Introduction. First machines for solving mathematical problems: Babagge, Hollerith. First electronic computers: UNIVAC,
ENIAC, EDVAC. Evolution by generations: mainframe computer, minicomputer, microcomputer, supercomputer. Current
state, future trends.
2.- FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE COMPUTER.

Functional organization of a computer: CPU, immediate environment (memory, ports), peripheral environment. Interconnection
schemes, physical structure. Scheme of operation of a digital computer: machine cycles, sequence of instructions, memory
access mechanisms, port attention mechanisms, interruptions, direct memory access. Compatibility and optimization schemes:
memory hierarchy. Main and secondary memory, cache memory, protection, privilege levels.
3.- PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES.

Assembly language: definition, package structure (editor, assembler and linker), utilities available in the operating system, usage
procedures. CPU instruction set: definitions, syntax, addressing modes. Detailed study of the most commonly used instructions
in programming.
4.- BASIC ENTRY/EXIT SYSTEM .

Basic input/output system (BIOS): organization and use of the different functions. Invocation procedures: input parameters,
output parameters, execution instructions. BIOS function application routines.
PRACTICE No.1. Measurement of the parameters of the analogue – digital conversion process.
PRACTICE No.2. Design and implementation of an application where A/D converters are used.
PRACTICE No.3. Measurement of asynchronous serial transmission process parameters.
PRACTICE No.4. Design and implementation of a system where asynchronous serial transmission is used.
PRACTICE No.5. Basic management of the development environment for assembly language.
PRACTICE No.6. Intermediate management of the development environment for assembly language.
PRACTICE No.7 . Advanced management of the development environment for assembly language.
PRACTICE No.8. Assembly language movement and loading instructions.
PRACTICE No.9. Arithmetic and logical instructions of assembly language.
PRACTICE No.10. Assembly language jump instructions and subroutines.
PRACTICE No.11. Assembly language stack management instructions.
35
PRACTICE No.12. Final project, applying all the knowledge acquired in the subject.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BREY, Barry. “ INTEL Microprocessors. Architecture, Programming and Interfaces ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Third
edition. (1995).
2. HAMACHER, Carl; VRANESIC, Zvonko and SAKY, Safwatg. “ Computer Organization ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing.
(1987).
4. HAND, Morris. “ Computer Architecture ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Third edition. . (1.991).
5. HAND, Morris. “ Computational Engineering. Hardware Design ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. (1991).
6. STALLINGS, William. “ Computer Organization and Architecture .” Prentice Hall Publishing. Fourth edition. (1997).
TERM
SPECIALTY ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
COMMUNICATIONS ELECTRONICS ELN-31323
84
2 2 2 3 ELN-35223
CONTENT
1.- NON-LINEAR CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTIVE DEVICES

Exponential characteristic and analysis of the transistor amplifier. Limits for small and large signals. Broadband and narrowband
amplifiers. Effect of emitter resistance. Differential amplifier characteristic. Distortion. Amplifier characteristics with field
effect transistors (FET). FET biasing by peak latching. General characteristics of the vacuum tube amplifier. Law. Child. Triode
and tetrade.
2.-ADAPTATION NETWORKS. Loss of power due to mismatch. Maximum power transfer. L type network. Adaptation between
complex loads: absorption and resonance. Pi and T type networks. Broadband networks. Graphic adaptation with the Smith
diagram. Broadband transformer coupling. RLC Tank Circuit. Circular impedance diagram. Capacitor and inductor with shunt.
Double meaning. Low-pass equivalent network of a high-pass network.
3.- SINE WAVE OSCILLATORS

Oscillator. Definition and components. Oscillation Criteria. Determination of loop gain. Amplitude and phase conditions for
oscillation. Locus of the oscillator poles. Amplitude limit mechanisms. Stability. Wien and Meacham Bridge Oscillator. RC
Oscillator. LC Oscillator: Colpitts, Hartley. Variable frequency oscillator. Oscillator with differential pair and FET. Quartz
Piezoelectric crystal model. Crystal operating modes and resonance frequency. Crystal oscillators. Pierce oscillator. Fixed phase
circuits (PLL). Frequency synthesizer.
4.- RF AND FL SMALL SIGNAL AMPLIFIER

Hybrid pi model for the radio frequency transistor. Input and output impedance. Feedback characteristics. Neutralization.
Transistor YS parameter model. Interpretation of the specifications of an RF transistor. Stability of RF and IF amplifiers. Linville
criterion. Stern and Rollett. Alignability. Power gain. Simultaneous input/output conjugate adaptation. Transducer gain. Design
with potentially unstable transistors. Neutralization criteria. Automatic Gain Control (AGC) and Squelch Circuit
5.- MIXERS.
Definition, basic operation and terminology. Mixer circuits with FET, with BJT transistor and with differential amplifiers.
Balanced diode mixer. Frequency converter circuits.
6.-AMPLITUDE MODULATORS AND DEMOLUTORS.

Review of amplitude modulation techniques. Analog modulation by sampling and through non-linear devices. Direct modulation
by tuned circuit. Modulator circuits with FET, BJT and Differential Pair. Multipliers. Balanced modulators. Reviews on
amplitude demodulation techniques. Synchronous and envelope detector. Practical detector circuits.
7.- FREQUENCY MODULATORS AND DEMODULATORS.

Review of frequency modulation (FM) techniques. Transmission of FM signals through non-linear networks and linear filters.
Quasi-static, triangular wave and square wave modulation. Direct and indirect FM modulation. Armstrong modulator. Frequency
stabilization. Limiters and frequency demodulation techniques. Demodulator circuits by direct differentiation, in the frequency
domain and with time delay. Phase-locked (PLL) FM detectors. Stereophonic FM circuit.
36
8.- POWER AMPLIFIER.
Characteristic of power transistors. Polarization techniques: class A, B and C amplifiers. Design of power amplifiers. Adaptation
networks to coaxial lines. Automatic protection circuits. Broadband transformers. Power conminators and separators. Output
filters. Heatsinks.
PRACTICE No 1: RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) AMPLIFIER.

Design, simulation using application program (software). and implementation based on discrete components of an RF amplifier for
a commercial AM sound broadcast receiver.
PRACTICE No. 2: LOCAL OSCILLATOR

Design, simulation using application software and implementation based on discrete components of an RF local oscillator for a
commercial AM sound broadcasting receiver.
PRACTICE No. 3:MIXER

Design, simulation using application software and implementation based on discrete components of an RF mixer for a commercial
AM sound broadcasting receiver.
PRACTICE No. 4: INTERMEDIATE FREQUENCY AMPLIFIER (IF)

Design, simulation using application software and implementation based on discrete components of an IF Amplifier for a
commercial AM sound broadcasting receiver.
PRACTICE No. 5: AUDIO DETECTOR AND AMPLIFIER.

Design, simulation using application software and implementation based on discrete components of a Detector and audio amplifier
for a commercial AM sound broadcasting receiver.
PRACTICE No. 6: COMMERCIAL AM SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER.

Assembly of the designed stages of the superheterodyne receiver and measurement of its parameters: sensitivity, signal-to-noise
ratio, selectivity, image rejection.
PRACTICE No. 7:COMMERCIAL FM MODULATOR.

Design, simulation using application software and implementation of a commercial FM sound broadcasting modulator, based on
integrated and discrete components.
PRACTICE No. 8: STAGES OF A COMMERCIAL FM RECEIVER

Design, simulation using an application program (software) and implementation of each of the stages of a commercial FM sound
broadcasting receiver, based on integrated components.
PRACTICE No. 9: COMMERCIAL FM RECPTOPR.

Assembly of the designed stages of the receiver and measurement of its parameters.
PRACTICE No. 10: POWER AMPLIFIER.

Design, simulation through program. (software) for application and implementation of a class C power amplifier for VHF, based on
transistors
PRACTICE No.11: FSK MODULATOR.

Design, simulation using application software and implementation of an FSK modulator from integrated components.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. ALLEY, C. and ATWOOD, K., “ Electronic Engineering ”. Limusa Publishing House. (1987).
2. BOSTIAN, C.; KRAUSS, H. and RAAB, F. “ Solid State in Radiocommunication Engineering ”. Limusa Publishing
House. (1984).
3. BOWICK, C. “ RF Circuit Design. . Howard W. Publishing House Sams & Co. Inc.
4. CLARK, K. HESS, D. “ Communications Circuits Analysis and Design ”. Addison-Wesley Publishing. (1972).
5. TOMASY, Wayne. “ Electronic Communications Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second Edition. (1996)
37
TERM
SPECIALTY ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
MICROWAVE II ELN-35333

2 2 2 3
CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION TO OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS

Electromagnetic spectrum. Light propagation. History of optical communications. Optical drivers. Advantages and
disadvantages.
2. OPTICAL CONDUCTORS (FIBERS).

Composition of an optical fiber, refractive index. Snell's Laws. Light transmission in an optical fiber. Total internal reflection,
critical angle, maximum acceptance angle: acceptance cone. Numerical aperture (AN). Types of fibers according to the type of
refractive index profile. Multimode fibers. Singlemode fibers. Optical power loss
3. OPTICAL TRANSMITTERS AND DETECTORS.

Light generators for optical equipment in fiber optic transmissions: LED and laser. Optical receivers: photodiodes, avalanche
photodiodes (APD) and PIN diodes.
4. OPTICAL INTERCONNECTION DEVICES, COUPLERS AND SWITCHES

Optical splicers, couplers and switches.
5. DESIGN OF FIBER OPTICAL SYSTEMS

Fiber selection. Advantages. Total link length (LTE). Numerical aperture (AN). Power balance. Bandwidth.
6. APPLICATIONS OF OPTICAL FIBERS

Acoustic, temperature, level, lighting sensors for the detection of vital signs, etc. Naval and satellite applications.
Medical applications: Endoscopes, fiberscopes. Applications in motorsports: safety and control, sport and communications.
7. VIDEO AND DATA TRANSMISSION BY OPTICAL FIBERS

ISDR, FDI, Ethernet, Sonet
PRACTICE No 1: OPTICAL SOURCES AND DETECTORS.

Experimental study of the source and optical detectors such as the LED, the laser diode, the PIN and avalanche photodiode.
PRACTICE No 2: CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTICAL FIBER.

Experimental analysis of the characteristics of optical fiber: structure, propagation modes, numerical aperture, modal and chromatic
dispersion, attenuation and bandwidth.
PRACTICE No 3: POLARIZATION OF THE LED AND REGULATION OF THE EMITTED OPTICAL POWER.
Study of the LED polarization circuit and its relationship with the emitted power. Measurement of bias current and emitted power.
PRACTICE No 4: DIGITAL MANAGEMENT AND LED LINE.

Study of the response of the LED to a digital or linear excitation.
PRACTICE No 5: ATTENUATION IN OPTICAL FIBERS.

Measurement of attenuation in the optical fiber and its dependence on the wavelength of the light signal and the length of the fiber.
38
PRACTICE No 6: OPTICAL CONNECTORS AND COUPLING SYSTEMS.
Study of optical connectors and couplers. Measurement of the loss due to their insertion.
PRACTICE No 7: RESPONSIVENESS OF THE PHOTODETECTOR.

Measurement of the responsiveness of the photodiode and its relationship with the power and frequency of the light signal received.
PRACTICE No 8: DATA CODING AND DECODING.

Use of codes for data transmission over optical fibers such as Manchester, biphase, NRZ.
PRACTICE No 9: TRANSMISSION AND RECEIPT OF DATA WITH TDM.

Analysis of the time multiplexing process for data transmission over optical fibers.
PRACTICE No 10: TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION OF ANALOG SIGNALS.

Transmission and reception of analog signals in communication systems with optical fibers.
PRACTICE No 11: TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION OF VIDEO AND AUDIO SIGNALS.

Transmission and reception of video and audio signals in communication systems with optical fibers.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CHOMYCZ, Bob. “ Fiber Optic Installations ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. (1998).
2. JORDAN and LINARES. “ Fiber Optic Communications Systems ”. Alfaomega Publishing. (1995).
3. “ Optical Fiber Communications. Technical Staff of CSELT ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. Turin, Italy. (1980).
4. PIETROSEMOLI, Ermmano. “ Fiber Optic Transmission ”. Electrical School. University of the Andes.

39
SUBJECT CODE
COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS I ELN-35413

56
3 1 0 3 CO.ELN-35333
CONTENT
1.- INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS.
Block diagram of various communications systems. Communications services. Frequency bands. Logarithmic units: dB, dBm,
dBW, dBK, dBv, dB
2.- STANDARDIZATION AND REGULATION OF COMMUNICATIONS.

International organizations: ITU, ITUT, ITU-R, ITU-D, IFRB, ISO. National regulatory bodies: MTC, CONATEL. Legislations:
Telecommunications Law, Radiocommunications Regulations, Regulations for the operation of radio and television stations,
partial TV regulations, technical instructions.
3.- RADIOPROPAGATION.
Isotropic radiator. Isotropic gain. Effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP). Formulas for determination of electric field. Half
wave dipole antenna. Gain with respect to the half-wave dipole. Effective radiated power (ERP). Formulas for determining the
electric field based on ERP. Determination of the power available in the antenna under free space conditions. Effective area.
Friis formula. Propagation modes depending on the frequency band. Surface wave. Celestial wave. Tropospheric wave. Line of
sight. Propagation by scattering and diffraction beyond the horizon. Radiopropagations on flat earth. Vertical and horizontal
profile of the electric field. Radio propagation over spherical earth. Bullington methods. Surface wave radiopropagation.
Analytical methods. Influence of terrain characteristics. Sommerfeld attenuation factor. CCIR, FCC and MTC curve for
estimating the level received. Radiopropagation by tropospheric wave. Influence of the atmosphere. Atmospheric absorption and
dispersion. Tropospheric refraction. Normal, supernormal and subnormal atmosphere. Ducts. Equivalent radius of the earth.
Statistical techniques for the prediction of coverage and interference in VHF7UHF. Cartography element. CCIR method, FCC
method (CONATEL), Longley Rice and Okumura – Hata method. Influence of obstructions on radiopropagation. Fresnel zones.
Knife edge and cylindrical obstruction. Loss due to obstruction.
4.- SOUND BROADCASTING AND TELEVISION SYSTEMS.

Frequency bands of broadcasting services. Block diagram of a sound broadcasting station. Equipment. Silver transmitter of an
AM station. Silver transmitter of an FM station. Block diagram of a TV station. Equipment. Silver TV station transmitter.
5.- MOBILE RADIOCOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS.

Link operation modes. Types of networks: Unidirectional / Bidirectional. Multi-frequency networks. Components of a mobile
radio communication system: Base stations, mobile stations, laptops, repeaters, antenna system. Cellular mobile radiotelephony
system. Trunking system.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BARBOZA, Z. “ Antennas and Propagation ”. Electrical School. University of the Andes. Merida. (1991).
2. FAGOT, J. and MAGNE, R. “ Frequency Modulation Thery. Application to Microwave Links ”. Pergamon Press. (1961).
3. FREEMAN, R. “ Telecommunications Systems Engineering ”. Limusa Publishing House. (1989).
4. TOMASI, W. “ Electronic Communications Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. (1996).

TERM
SPECIALTY ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
ANTENNAS ELN-35343
40
2 2 2 3
CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION.
Introduction to the analysis of systems with antennas.
2.- RADIATION.
Basic characteristics of an antenna. Radiation intensity. Radiation pattern. Managerial gain. Power gain. Relative power gain.
Antenna efficiency. Antenna input impedance. Radiation efficiency. Opening or effective area. Directivity – effective area
relationship.
3.- TYPES OF POLARIZATION.

Polarization concept. Vertical, horizontal, circular, elliptical polarization. Losses due to polarization.
4.- DIPOLES.
Current distribution in thin conductors. Dipoles. infinitesimal dipole. Short dipole. Dipole of finite length. Folded dipole.
Balanced and unbalanced systems.
5.- PROPAGATION MODES IN A DIPOLE ANTENNA.

Image or fictitious antenna. The ground as a reflective surface. Short dipole antenna on an infinite reflecting plane. Control of
the radiation pattern through the position of the antenna with respect to the reflecting surface.
6.- TYPES OF ARRANGEMENTS.

Linear antenna arrays. Discrete arrangement factor. Graphic and analytical method for the analysis and synthesis of
arrangements. Uniform linear arrangements. Broadside arrangement. End-Fire Array.
PRACTICE No. 1: VERTICAL ANTENNAS (MONOPOLES)
Qualitative experimental study of the radiation pattern for vertical antennas of different lengths.
PRACTICE No. 2: DIPOLES

Qualitative experimental determination of the current and voltage distribution, and the radiation pattern of λ/4 and λ/2 dipole
antennas.
PRACTICE No.3: VARIATION OF THE EFFECTIVE LENGTH OF AN ANTENNA

Modification of the effective length of an antenna by adding inductive and capacitive elements.
PRACTICE No. 4: VARIATION OF THE INPUT IMPEDANCE AND THE CURRENT DISTRIBUTION OF AN
ANTENNA.
Modification of the input impedance and current distribution of an antenna, adding inductive and capacitive elements.
PRACTICE No 5: ANTENNA ARRANGEMENTS: BROADSIDE AND END-FIRE.

Study of the characteristics of transverse radiation (Broadside) and longitudinal radiation (End-Fire) antennas.
PRACTICE No. 6: STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF OBSTACLES ON THE RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF AN

ANTENNA.
Study of the influence of obstacles on the radiation pattern of an antenna: typical antennas.
PRACTICE No.7: DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS.

Assembly of a directional antenna: elements that support each other to radiate in one direction.
PRACTICE No. 8: FOLDED DIPOLES.

Studies of the radiation pattern and the distribution of currents and voltages of folded dipoles.
PRACTICE No. 9: LOOP ANTENNAS.

Study of the radiation pattern and polarization of loop antennas, for various antenna dimensions.
PRACTICE No. 10: SLOTTED ANTENNAS.

Behavior of the radiation pattern and polarization of an irradiating slot.
41
PRACTICE No. 11: DESIGN OF AN ANTENNA.
Study, calculation and implementation of an antenna.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BALANIS, Constantine. “ Antenna Theory. Analysis and Design ”. Haper & Row Publishing. (1983)
2. BALMAIN and JORDAN. “ Radiant Fields and Systems .” Prentice Hall Publishing. (1964).
3. KRAUS, John. “ Antenna Analysis ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. (1960).
4. Weeks. “ Antenna Engineering ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. (1966).

TERM
SPECIALTY ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGY ADG-30212

THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT 9 no Approved term
42
2 1 0 2 42
CONTENT
1.- THE RESEARCH PROCESS.
Research ideas. Generating sources of research ideas. Research focus. Research topic. Structuring the research idea. Research
perspective. Research innovation. Stages of the scientific research process.
2.-STAGES OF THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROCESS.
Questions that arise during the investigative process Technological research. Technological definition. Scientific and/or
technological research. Ways to develop a technological research project. Preliminary draft of an investigation. UNEFA
standards. Importance.
3.- STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM .
Questions, objectives, delimitation, limitations and justification of the research. Research feasibility.
4.- THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK.
Functions and parts. Literature review, Research background. Theories. Functions of the theory. Strategy for developing a theoretical
framework.
5.- TYPES AND DESIGNS OF RESEARCH.
Types of research according to the objectives of the researched: Exploratory, descriptive, correctional and explanatory. Research
design: Purpose. Classification of experimental and non-experimental research designs. Concept of internal and external validity.
6.- FORMULATION OF HYPOTHESIS.
Definition. Types: Research hypotheses, descriptive correlational. Variables. Definition of independent variable, null variable,
alternative variable and statistical intervening variable. Null hypothesis. Hypothesis testing. Operational definition.
7.- BASIC NOTIONS OF SAMPLING.
Concept. Types of sampling. The population and the sample. Criteria for choosing the sample. Statistical procedures in sample
selection. Representativeness and sample size.
8.- DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS.
Data collection. Requirements of a measuring instrument: reliability, validity procedure to construct a measuring instrument.
Different types of analysis; Descriptive statistics for each variable, cup scores and ratios, inferential statistics, parametric tests,
multivariate analysis, interpretation of the results.
9.- PREPARATION OF THE RESEARCH REPORT.
Types of report: Academic and non-academic. Element that make up an investigation report.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. ARY, DONALD, JACOBS, LUCY & RAZAVIEH. " Introduction to educational research ". Prentice Hall Publishing.
Second edition. (1990).
2. BISQUERRA, R. “ Educational Research Methods ”. Practical Guide. CEAC Editions Spain. (1991).
3. CAZARES, L & OTHERS. “ Current Documentary Research Techniques ”. Trillas Editorial. Mexico. (1991).
4. HERNÁNDEZ SAMPIERI, R & OTHERS. " Investigation methodology ". Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition.
(1998).
5. MORLES, V. “ Research Planning and Analysis .” El Dorado Editions. Caracas. (1991).
6. Mc.GUIGAM, F. “ Experimental Psychology. Research Methods ". Prentice Hall Publishing. Sixth edition. (1996).
7. SABINO, C. " The process of the investigation. A Theoretical Practical Investigation ”. Panapo Publishing. Second
Edition. (1992).
8. SABINO, C.” How to Write a Thesis. Guide to Prepare and Write Scientific Works ” Editorial Panapo. Second edition.
(1993).
9. SÁNCHEZ, B & GUARISMA, J. (S/A). “ Research Methods ” Editions Universidad Bicentenaria de Aragua. Maracay.
10. LIBERTADOR EXPERIMENTAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. “ Manual of Degree Projects for Master's Degrees
and Doctoral Theses .” Second edition. Venezuela. (1998).
SUBJECT CODE
MICROPROCESSORS ELN-32224
98 ELN-32213
3 1 3 4
CONTENT
1.- ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF MICROPROCESSORS.
Previous technologies. First microprocessor. First generation: characteristics and limitations. Second generation: characteristics
and limitations. Third generation: characteristics and limitations. Current market offer. Future trends.
2.- BASIC SYSTEM OF A MICROPROCESSOR.
43
Organization of a microprocessor system: central processing unit (CPU), memories (volatile and non-volatile), input and output
(I/O) ports (Parallel, serial, timers, peripheral drivers).
3.- PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES.
Organization based on routines, subroutine invocation techniques, conditional access, table management. Software
documentation, preparation of comments.
4.- PERIPHERALS FOR MICROPROCESSORS.
Analysis of the structure, interconnection and programming of:
- Parallel input/output ports, simple and with protocol.
- Serial, asynchronous and synchronous input/output ports.
Timers.
Keyboard drivers.
- Display drivers and video controllers.
5.- MICROCONTROLLERS.
Structure of a microcontroller. Memory organization. Port control. Interaction with peripherals (specialized controllers).
Interaction between microcontrollers. Particular software features: Boolean processing.
6.- INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS.
Control applications: case studies. Communications applications: case studies.
PRACTICE No.1: Study of parameters and use of BIOS service routines.
PRACTICE No.2: Management and invocation of monitor service routines.
PRACTICE No.3: Development of an application that involves the monitor service routines.
PRACTICE No.4: Management and invocation of keyboard service routines.
PRACTICE No.5: Preparation of the keyboard map and development of an application that involves keyboard service routines.
PRACTICE No 6:. Development of an application that combines keyboard and monitor control.
PRACTICE No.7: Study of the computer audio system.
PRACTICE No 8: Development of an application with the computer's audio system.
PRACTICE No.9: Development of a routine to manage the computer's parallel port.
PRACTICE No.10: Development of a routine for managing tables.
PRACTICE No.11: Development of a routine for handling matrices.
PRACTICE No.12: Final project, applying all the knowledge acquired in the subject.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. ABEL, Peter. “ Assembly Language and Programming for IBM and Compatible PCs .” Prentice Hall Publishing. Third
edition. (1996).
2. BREY, Barry. “ The INTEL 8086/8080, 80186,80286,80386, 80486 Microprocessors ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Third
edition. (1995).
3. GODFREY, Terry.” Assembly Language for IBM Microcomputers . Prentice Hall Publishing. First edition. . (1997).
5. TOKHEIM, Roger. “ Fundamentals of Microprocessors ”. Schaum series. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. Second edition.
(1996).

TERM
SPECIALTY ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
COMMUNICATIONS INSTRUMENTATION ELN-31513
3 1 0 3
CONTENT
1.- COMPONENTS OF RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) CIRCUITS .

Resistors, film effect. Inductors, resonance frequency, distributed capacitance. Wire inductance. Design of mono and multilayer
inductors. Toroids and ferrites. Capacitors, interplate model, effect of connection terminals, resonance frequency.
2.- OSCILLOSCOPES.
High frequency analog oscilloscope. Vertical section: block diagram, description, vertical operation modes, measurement
methods, errors and limitations. Horizontal section: main and delayed time base, block diagram, description, modes of operation,
measurement techniques with both bases, errors and limitations. Gate amplifier, modes of operation. Test leads: passive and
active. Compensation. Interpretation of oscilloscope specifications.
44
Digital sampling oscilloscope. Storage. Memories. Mathematics of waveforms. Applications.
3.- SIGNAL GENERATORS.
Oscillators and signal generators. Amplitude and frequency calibration. Impedance Considerations. Blocks diagram. Description.
Modulation capacity of the generator: amplitude, frequency and phase. Internal (400 Hz and 1000 Hz) and external modulation.
Applications.
4.- DIGITAL VOLTMETERS.
General characteristics. Ramp and stair ramp type voltmeter. Conversion by successive approximations. Quantification error.
Voltmeter specifications.
5.- DISTORTION ANALYZER.
Total harmonic distortion (THD). Fundamental Suppression Distortion Analyzer. Blocks diagram. Standardization. Measurement
techniques.
6.- SPECTRUM ANALYZER.
Superheterodyne scanning spectrum analyzer. Blocks diagram. RF Section. Intermediate frequency (IF) section. Display.
Operating principle. Operation modes: Full span, per division and zero scan. Markers. IF bandwidth and resolution.
Measurement techniques: THD, power, voltage, AM, FM and pulse modulation characteristics. Frequency range extension by
mixing harmonics. Real-time and fourier analyzer.
7.- IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT.
Low frequency bridges: Sauty, Maxwell and Hay bridge, universal bridge, high frequency bridge, RF bridge and RX meter. Q-
meter. Impedance vector meter. Vector voltmeter. Low frequency impedance meter. Network analyzer: principle, operation and
application.
8.- UNIVERSAL COUNTERS.
Blocks diagram. Measurement of frequency, period, average period, time intervals, frequency ratio. Errors and limitations. Other
applications: event counters and scaler. Crystal oscillator. Short and long term stability. Frequency range extension.
Applications.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. COOPER, W. and HELFRICK, A. “ Modern Electronic Instrumentation ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. (1991).
2. COUPUT, F. “ Some Aspects of Radio Frequency Measurements ”. University of Carabobo. (1977).
3. CUBERO, M. and GONZÁLEZ, F. “ Spectral Analysis ”. Paraninfo Editorial. (1991).
4. FELON, A. and FLORES, M. “ Practical Work for the Measurements II Laboratory .” University of Carabobo. (1982).
5. OLIVER, C. and CAGE, J. “ Electronic Measurements ”. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. (1972).
6. SPITZER, F. and HOWARTH, B. “ Principles of Modern Instrumentation ”. Holt, Rinehart and Wiston. (1972).
7. WEDLOCK, B. and ROBERGE, J. “Electronic Components and Measurements”. Prentice Hall Publishing. (1973).
8. WOLF, S. and SMITH, R. “ Guide to Electronic Measurements and Laboratory Practices .” Prentice Hall Publishing
(1992).
9. ZAPATA, A. “ The Oscilloscope and its Applications ”. Limusa Publishing House. (1988).

TERM
SPECIALTY ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS II ELN-35423
3 1 0 3
CONTENT
45
1.- TELEPHONE SYSTEMS.
Organization of the telephone system. Traffic theory. Routing plan. Transmission media. Attenuation plan. External plant.
Transmission circuits. Long distance networks. Multiple transmission system. Telephone switching. Internal plant. Telephone
network signaling. Signage plan. Numbering plan. Pricing plan.
2.- TERRESTRIAL MICROWAVE RADIOLINKS.

Radio microwave systems. Microwave repeaters. Frequency plans. Diversity techniques: space, frequency and polarization.
Protection systems. Reliability. FM microwave stations: Terminal station and repeaters. Active and passive repeaters. Fading.
Fade margin. Barnett-Vigants method. Mojoli and Makino Morita methods. Analog FDM-FM systems.
3.- RADIOLOCATION AND TELEMETRY SYSTEMS.

Radar system. Radar equation, radar cross section (RCS). Types of radar: surveillance, tracking, traffic control, Doppler, pulse.
Radar applications.
4.- SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS.

Types of satellites: orbital and geostationary. Orbital patterns. View angles. Orbital classifications, spacing and frequency
assignments. Radiation patterns, traces. Satellite link models: uplink. and downlink. System parameters. Bonding equations.
Arrangements for multiple satellite access: FDM/FM, FDMA, TDMA, CDMA. Frequency jumps. Satellite cell phone. Global
Location System (GPS). Satellite broadcasting.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BARBOZA, Z. “ Antennas and Propagation. Electrical School ”. University of the Andes. Merida. (1991).
2. FAGOT, J. and MAGNE, R. “ Frequency Modulation Theory. Application to Microwave Links ”. Pergamon Press.
(1961).
3. FREEMAN, R. “ Telecommunications Systems Engineering ”. Limusa Publishing House. (1989).
4. TOMASI, W. “ Electronic Communications Systems ”. Prentice Hall Publishing. Second edition. (1996).


SUBJECT CODE
SEMINAR III ADG-30930

THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS / CREDIT 28 ADG-30212
0 2 0 0
CONTENT
46
1.- CAREER PROFILE.
2.- INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP.

General guidance on the Industrial internship. Duration of internships. Duties of Interns for the Institute and the Company.
Evaluation regime for Industrial Internships (Formats). Supervision and Costs of Industrial Internships. Contributions from the
Institute and the Company.
3.- INTERNSHIP REPORT.

Structure of the internship report and delivery date.
4.- SEARCH FOR TOPICS FOR THE SPECIAL DEGREE WORK.

Induction to the search for topics for Special Degree Work.
5.- PRELIMINARY PROJECT AND SPECIAL DEGREE WORK .

Generalities about the Preliminary Draft of the Special Degree Work. Institute regulations. General Regulations. Manual of the
Institute for the preparation of the Special Degree Work.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. UNEFA. “ Professional Profile of the Engineer ”.
2. UNEFA. “ Manual of Industrial Internships ”.
3. UNEFA. “ Industrial Internship Regulations .”
4. UNEFA. “ Manual of Standards and Procedures for the Completion and Presentation of Special Degree Work ”
(Undergraduate) 1999.

SUBJECT CODE
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SEMINAR I AGL-35410

28 CO.ELN-35423
0 2 0 0
CONTENT
Various topics related to telecommunications advances, such as:
1.-WIRELESS TECHNIQUES
Wireless techniques for network design (WLAN, WMAN, WWAN), WLL and BLUETOOTH technology.
47
2.-INNOVATIONS IN THE TELEPHONY AREA
Innovations in the area of mobile and fixed telephony, signaling No. 7, platform structure.
3.-LEGAL ASPECTS OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS

Telecommunications Law, regulatory entity in Venezuela, national and international organizations in charge of the legal
framework of telecommunications
4.-RADIOPROPAGATION
Television, sound broadcasting, trunked systems, new radio propagation techniques.
5.-MEANS OF TRANSMISSION
Fiber optics, XDSL, HDSL, ADSL, Structured cabling, free space.
6.-MARKET TRENDS
New technologies that invade the telecommunications market worldwide.
7.-EARTHING SYSTEM
Regulations and standards
8.-SATELLITE SYSTEMS.
Technologies and applications.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Forums and Workshops.
2. Seminars.
3. Journeys.
4. Video conference.
5. Visits Programs.

SUBJECT CODE
GENERAL MAINTENANCE AGM-30313
70 ADG-30930
2 3 0 3
CONTENT
1.- BASIC CONCEPTS AND OBJECTIVES OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT .

Definition of maintenance. Maintenance features. Maintenance objectives. Importance of maintenance. Definition of failure and
classification, inspection, repair, reconstruction. Definition of Preventive, Corrective and Predictive Maintenance.
2.- STRUCTURE OF THE MAINTENANCE UNIT .

Types of Organization. Design of a Maintenance Organization. Organizational chart Examples of maintenance organization.
48
3.- STAGES OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT .
Planning, programming, execution, supervision and control. Features, advantages. Examples. Analysis of the factors that affect
the performance of maintenance and that must be considered in the plan.
4.-MAINTENANCE TECHNIQUES .
Preventive, Corrective, Predictive Maintenance: Definition, importance, characteristics, techniques, advantages, limitations,
examples. Total Productive Maintenance. Definition, origin, importance, characteristics.
5.- FACTORS THAT ACCELERATE THE NEED FOR MAINTENANCE .

List the factors that accelerate the need for maintenance applicable to each area. Examples of the use of non-destructive
inspections applicable according to the area.
6.- TOOLS TO ACHIEVE GOOD MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT .

Quality Control, Quality Assurance, International Quality Standards, Total Quality. Outsourcing. Reengineering.
7.- MAINTENANCE COSTS .

Importance of cost control. Basic principles of cost control. Examples.
8.- MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT INDICATORS.

Effectiveness indicators. Performance indicators. Statistical parameters. Probabilistic parameters.
9.- MAINTENANCE CONTRACT.

Characteristics. Types of Contract. Examples.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. KOONTZ AND ODONNELL. Modern Administration Course. McGraw Hill.
2. ANGEL DÍAZ M. Reliability in Maintenance. IESA
3. JOSEPH W WEIS. ROBERT WYSOCKI. Project direction
4. MORROW LCL Maintenance manual
5. JOSE D. NAVA. Maintenance Theory – ULA Reliability

TERM
SPECIALTY
ACADEMIC
SUBJECT CODE
LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE PRACTICE OF ENGINEERING CJU-37313
42 165 UC
3 0 0 3
CONTENT
1.- THE RIGHT:

Concept, evolution and source. The moral norm and legal norm., Hierarchization of the norm. Classification of Law.
2.- PRINCIPLES OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW:

Importance, structure, rights, obligations and constitutional guarantees.
3.- LAW OF THE PRACTICE OF ENGINEERING:

Architecture and related professions. Approach of this law under the rule of the new constitutional text. The illegal exercise of
the profession. Incompatibility of functions, usurpation. Rights and obligations from which they arise.
4.- BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CIVIL LAW IN VENEZUELA:

Natural and legal persons. Movable and immovable property. Societies in the civil sphere. Civil contracts and their elements;
49
objects, consent and cause.
5.- EXERCISE OF THE PROFESSION IN PRIVATE ADMINISTRATION:

Private administration. Organic Labor Law. Working relationship. Employment and types. Wages. Cause for termination of
contract. Compensation for services provided.
6.- PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION. ADMINISTRATIVE CAREER LAW:

Entry to Public Administration. Duties and rights. Appointment. of Retirement, benefits subjection to special jurisdiction. Free
exercise of the profession. Civil Code on obligations and contracts. Code of agreement on obligations and contracts. Code of
agreement on commercial acts. Code. Tax agency in tax matters.
7.- WORK CONTRACT:

Concept, types. Obligation to execute the work. Time of execution. Contractor's responsibility. Responsibility of the Engineer
and the Entrepreneur. Actions arising from non-compliance of the parties. Intellectual property.
8.- PRINCIPLES OF COMMERCIAL LAW:

Acts of commerce, objective and subjective. Commercial Companies; Limited Liability Company. Company or Public Limited
Company. Insurance, cargo insurance, liability insurance, others. Bail. Commercial Banking. Credits. The Trust: concept and
classes.
9.- CIVIL LIABILITY OF THE ENGINEER IN PRACTICE:

The illicit act: error, guilt, fraud. The presumption of guilt. Construction defects: soil, project, plan and direction, among others.
10.- PRINCIPLES OF CRIMINAL LAW AND COMPENDIUM OF CRIMINAL AND SPECIAL LAWS THAT GOVERN
THE EXERCISE OF THE PROFESSION:
Criminal liability arising from an illegal act. Penal Code.
11.- ORGANIC LAW OF THE ENVIRONMENT:

Environmental criminal law. Organic Law on Prevention, working conditions and environment. Organic Law for the
Safeguarding of Public Heritage.
12.- COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION LAW:

Importance of its application in the field of engineering. Expertise and Appraisal as a complement to the training of the Engineer
13.- SPECIAL LEGAL REGIME APPLIED TO THE SPECIALTY OF:

Aeronautical, Civil, Electronic, Electrical, Mechanical, Naval and Systems Engineering
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. NATIONAL CONSTITUTION OF THE BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA.
2. ORGANIC LABOR LAW.
3. ADMINISTRATIVE CAREER LAW AND ITS REGULATIONS.
4. ORGANIC LAW FOR THE SAFEGUARD OF PUBLIC HERITAGE.
5. LAW ON THE PRACTICE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND RELATED PROFESSIONS.
50
6. AMPARO LAW ON CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND GUARANTEES.
7. COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION LAW.
8. ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMINAL LAW.
9. ORGANIC LAW OF PREVENTION, CONDITIONS AND WORK ENVIRONMENT.
10. ORGANIC TAX CODE.
11. CIVIL CODE

SUBJECT CODE
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SEMINAR II AGL – 35420

28 AGL – 35410
0 2 0 0
CONTENT
Various topics related to telecommunications advances, such as:
1.-WIRELESS TECHNIQUES
Wireless techniques for network design (WLAN, WMAN, WWAN), WLL and BLUETOOTH technology.
2.-INNOVATIONS IN THE TELEPHONY AREA

Innovations in the area of mobile and fixed telephony, signaling No. 7, platform structure.
3.-LEGAL ASPECTS OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS

Telecommunications Law, regulatory entity in Venezuela, national and international organizations in charge of the legal
framework of telecommunications
4.-RADIOPROPAGATION
Television, sound broadcasting, trunked systems, new radio propagation techniques.
5.-MEANS OF TRANSMISSION
Fiber optics, XDSL, HDSL, ADSL, Structured cabling, free space.
51
6.-MARKET TRENDS
New technologies that invade the telecommunications market worldwide.
7.-EARTHING SYSTEM
Regulations and standards
8.-SATELLITE SYSTEMS.
Technologies and applications.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. FORUMS AND WORKSHOPS.
2. SEMINARS.
3. JOURNEYS.
4. VIDEO CONFERENCE.
5. PROGRAM VISITS.
SUBJECT CODE
TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS ELN-35463
THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS / CREDIT 84 ELN-35423
2 2 2 3
CONTENT
1.- NETWORK DESIGN: THE PROBLEM.
Selection criteria. Identification of services. Processing methods: distributed and centralized. Coverage area.
2.- DATA TRANSMISSION.

Concepts and terminology. Analog and digital transmission. Deterioration of transmission quality. Transmission media.
3.- COMPUTER NETWORKS.

Concepts. Types: LAN, MAN and WAN. Ethernet topology. Token Ring Topology. FDDI, DBDQ and SONET topology.
4.- PROTOCOLS AND ARCHITECTURE.

Access and control methods. CSMA. OSI model. IEEE Standards. TCP/IP. Addressing schemes: IP addressing, subnet
addressing, MAC (physical layer) addressing.
5.- INTERCONNECTIONS.
The OSI model and its relationship with other devices on the network (X.25).
Interconnection devices. Repeaters. Bridges: functions, protocols and routing. Routers. Switches. Selection criteria. Routing
protocols.
6.- CIRCUIT SWITCHING.

Communication networks. Circuit switching. Single node networks (uninodal). Digital switching concepts.
7.- PACKAGE SWITCHING.
52
Principles of packet switching. Virtual circuits and datagrams. Routing. Traffic control.
8.- TRANSPORT PROTOCOLS.

OSI protocols.
ATM: Routes, circuits and identifiers. ATM cell transport. ATM adaptation layers. Types of packet multiplexing. Binding of
IP addresses in an ATM network.
Frame relay. ISDN. SDH. PDH.
9.- SECURITY AND COMPRESSION.

Privacy, authentication and access control. Data compression. Encryption algorithms. Security systems. Setting. Firewalls.
10.- BROADBAND NETWORKS.

X.25, TCP/IP, Frame relay, SMDS, Cell relay, SDH, ATM, SONET and ISDN.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BLACK, Uyless. (1.987). Computer networks. Protocols, Standards and Interfaces . Macrobit Publishing.
2. EAT, Douglas. (1.996). TCP/IP. Basic Principles, Protocols and Architecture. Prentice Hall Publishing.
3. STALLINGS, William. (1.998). Communications and Computer Networks. Prentice Hall Publishing.
4. Fifth edition.
5. TANENBAUM, Andrew . (1.997). Computer networks. Prentice Hall Publishing. Third edition.

ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING AUG-SEP
SUBJECT CODE
SHORT INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP ADG-38213
HOURS PER WEEK PRIORITY PRIORITY
THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT 10th Term
-
0 0 0 3 APPROVED
CONTENT
During the Industrial Internship, the student will develop a Work Program that includes specific activities and tasks. cases of the
Specialty previously prepared by the University and the cooperating Company. The Industrial Internship takes place at the end of term
11, during the month of August and the first two (2) weeks of the month of September, with a duration of six (6) weeks. The evaluation of
the student will be carried out by the Industrial Tutor on behalf of the company. As a final phase, the student must prepare and present a
technical report of the activities developed during the Internship, the evaluation of which will form part of the final grade for the
internship.
53
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. UNEFA. “ Regulations and Manual of Industrial Internships ”.

2. UNEFA. “ Professional Profile of the Engineer ”
54
ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING
SUBJECT CODE
LONG INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP PSI-30328
-
0 0 0 8 APPROVED
CONTENT
During the Industrial Internship, the student will develop a Work Program that includes specific activities and tasks. cases of the
Specialty previously prepared by the University and the cooperating Company. The Industrial Internship takes place at the end of term
12, from the third (3rd) week of January to the second (2nd) week of May, with a duration of sixteen (16) weeks. The evaluation of the
student will be carried out by the Industrial Tutor on behalf of the company. As a final phase, the student must prepare and present a
technical report of the activities developed during the Internship, the evaluation of which will form part of the final grade for the
internship.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. UNEFA. “ Regulations and Manual of Industrial Internships ”.

2. UNEFA. “ Professional Profile of the Engineer ”
55
ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
SUBJECT CODE
DEGREE THESIS ADG-38318
-
0 0 0 8 APPROVED
CONTENT
Application of knowledge acquired during the degree to prepare a systematized study of a theoretical or practical problem, where the
student demonstrates mastery of his specialty and research methods.
The topic of the TEG will correspond to the lines of research of the degree taken so that the student develops skills and abilities for
analysis and coherent resolution of a specific problem and deepens their theoretical, practical and methodological knowledge.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. UNEFA. “ Regulations and Special Degree Work Manual ”.

2. APA RULES.
56
ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
TECHNICAL
ELECTIVE
SUBJECT CODE
ANTENNAS II ELN-35353

56 ELN-35343
3 1 0 3
CONTENT
1.- METHODS OF SYNTHESIS OF ARRANGEMENT PATTERNS.

Fourier method. Procedures for design. Schelkunoff polynomial method. Arrays of N uniformly spaced and non-uniformly excited
elements. Binomial antenna array. Dolph-Tshebysheff arrangements.
2.- BROADBAND ANTENNAS.

Introduction. Helical antenna, normal mode, axial mode. Yagui-Uda arrangement, design criteria. Biconical antenna.
3.- FREQUENCY INDEPENDENT ANTENNAS.

Introduction. Spiral antenna. Log-periodic dipole array antenna. Toothed planar log-periodic antenna. Serrated trapezoidal log-
periodic antenna. Procedures for design.
4.- HORN ANTENNAS (CORNET).

Introduction. Equations of radiant fields. Pyramidal Horn antenna . Conical horn antenna. Corrugated Horn antenna.
5.- REFLECTOR ANTENNAS.

Introduction. Reflector plane. Corner reflector. Parabolic reflector. Spherical reflectors. Study of directivity and opening efficiency in
each case.
6.- MEASUREMENT OF THE PARAMETERS OF AN ANTENNA.

Introduction. Antenna range. Radiation patterns. Revenue. Measurements of directivity and impedances. Radiation efficiency.
Polarization.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. ALBORNOZ, Rafael. Practical Work of the Antenna Laboratory. University of Carabobo. 1.982.
2. BALANIS, Constantine. Antenna Theory. Analysis and Design . Harper & Row. 1.983.
3. BALMAIN and JORDAN . Radiant Fields and Systems . Prentice Hall. 1.964.
4. KRAUS, John. Antenna Analysis . McGraw Hill. 1.960.
5. Weeks. Antenna Engineering . McGraw Hill. 1.966.

ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING ELECTIVE
57
SUBJECT CODE
ELECTROMECHANICAL CONVERSION ELC-32103

THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT ELC - 31134 /
84
2 2 2 3 ELN - 35113
CONTENT
1.- TRANSFORMER .
Definition. Types of transformers. Operating principle. Ideal transformer. Empty transformer. Transformer on load. Equivalent
circuit. Measurements of transformer constants (tests). Permanent short circuit current. Voltage regulation. Losses and returns.
Parallel transformer. Auto – transformers. Balanced three-phase connections. Equivalent circuit of the three-phase transformer bank.
Measurement of parameters. Tests in three-phase connection. Regulation of voltage, losses, performance and short circuit currents in
three-phase connections.
2.- THREE-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR.

Construction. Operating principle. Equivalent circuit. Tests to determine engine parameters. Power and torque in induction
motors. Characteristic curves of torque, power and current as a function of speed.
3.- SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR.

Construction. Operating principle. Starting methods. Equivalent circuit. Characteristic curves. Torque as a function of speed.
4.- DIRECT CURRENT MACHINES.

Buildings. Operating principle. Equivalent circuit as a generator. Magnetization curve. Generator with independent excitation.
Shunt generator. Serial generator. Generator in composite connection. Equivalent circuits as a motor. Permanent Magnet Motor,
Shunt Motor. Series engine. Motor in compound connection.
5.- SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES.

Construction. Operating principle. Equivalent circuit, Phasor diagram. Essays. Operation as alternator. Functioning as a motor.
PRACTICE Nº 1: Familiarization with the equipment and components to be used in the laboratory.
PRACTICE Nº 2 : Vacuum and short circuit test on a single-phase transformer.
PRACTICE Nº 3: Load test on a single-phase transformer.
PRACTICE Nº 4: Three-phase connections in three-phase transformers.
PRACTICE Nº 5: Vacuum and short circuit test of a squirrel cage induction motor.
PRACTICE Nº 6: Vacuum test and load of a generator. from dc to separate excitation. .
PRACTICE Nº 7: Torque and efficiency test of a separately excited DC motor.
PRACTICE Nº 8: Vacuum and short circuit characteristics of a synchronous alternator.
PRACTICE Nº 9: Synchronization of a synchronous alternator with the Grid.
PRACTICE Nº 10 : Study of the charging characteristics of a synchronous alternator. Part 1.
PRACTICE Nº 11 : Study of the charging characteristics of a synchronous alternator. Part 2.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CHAPMAN, STEPHEN j. Electric machines. Mc Graw – Hil Internacional, SA Santa Fe de Bogota, Colombia 1993.
2. E:E: Staff – M. YO. T Magnetic Circuits and Transformers. Editorial Reverte S. c. To Buenos Aires. Argentina 1980
3. FITZGERALD A, KINGSLEY Ch and Kusko A. Theory of Alternating Current Machines. Mc Books Graw – Hill from
Mexico 1967.
4. RAS, Enrique. Measurement and Protection Power Transformers. Edit Marcombo SA Barcelona, Spain 1978.

ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
SUBJECT CODE
DIGITAL RADIOLINKS ELN-35433
58
56 CO. ELN-35423
3 1 0 3
CONTENT
1.- GENERAL CONCEPTS.

Introduction. Need for digital links. Structure of a digital radio link. Frequency bands and channel assignment. Bandwidth.
Coding and modulation techniques.
2.- QUALITY.
Quality concept. Variation of quality with the power received. Bit error ratio. Eye diagram. Effects of interference.
Interference compensation.
3.- DESIGN OF MICROWAVE LINKS FOR DIGITAL SIGNALS.

Single span radio links. Multi-span radio links. Interferences. Protection systems. Fictitious reference path. Diversity.
Description of a real link. Measurements on digital links. Hybrid systems: video and data.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. ARES. Digital Telecommunications. Hasa.
1. BIANCHI, Aldo. TVRO. University of Carabobo.
2. FEHER, K. Digital Communications. Prentice Hall.
3. HERNANDO and GARCÏA, Santos. Introduction to Radio Communication. Volume II. University of Madrid.
4. IVANEK. Terrestrial Digital Microwave Communications. Artech House.

ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
SUBJECT CODE
TELEPHONY ELN-35453
59
56 CO. ELN-35423
3 1 0 3
CONTENT
1.- INTRODUCTION TO TELEPHONY
2.- SUBSCRIBER CONNECTION
3.- SWITCHING
By selectors. By matrices. Digital
4.- SIGNALING
Subscriber. Supervisory: E&M, Wink Start, Loop Start, Ground Start, Battery Reversal.
AF Signaling: In Band, Out of Band, Single Frequency, DTMF, Multi Frequency.
Line Signaling. Registration Signage: Code R-1, CCITT No. 5, Code R-2.
Signaling by Associated Channel (CAS) and by Common Channel (CCS).
Signaling Procedures: A Mandatory Sequence, Link by Link, End Against End.
5.- TELEPHONE TRANSMISSION.

Parameters: Characteristic impedance, Attenuation, Delays, Level, Noise. Transmission by two or four wires. Transmission
Media: Twisted Pair, Coaxial Cable, Fiber Optic, Carrier Wave,
Analog and digital radio links, Satellite.
Transmission methods: FDM, PCM-TDM, PDH, SDH, ATM.
6.- PRIVATE TELEPHONE NETWORKS.
7.- LOCAL TELEPHONE NETWORKS.
8.- LONG DISTANCE NETWORKS.
9.- CELLULAR MOBILE TELEPHONY.

Basic theory and principles. Frequency bands Analog and digital systems. The user's equipment. The cells and/or radio bases.
The cellular center.
10.- SIZING OF THE TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

Traffic theory. Traffic measurements. Sizing of the switching and trunk system. Quality of service. Numbering and routing
plans.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. FREEMAN, Roger. Telecommunications Systems Engineering. Noriega Editorial.
2. HERRERA PEREZ, Enrique. Fundamentals of Telephone Engineering. Limusa Publishing House.

ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
SUBJECT CODE
TELEVISION ELN-35443

56 ELN-35413
3 1 0 3
60
CONTENT
1.- PARAMETERS AND PRINCIPLES OF A TELEVISION SYSTEM.

Number of lines that make up a video image: 480, 780, 1125. Image repetition frequency. Interlaced and non-interlaced sweep.
Definition of field and box. Aspect ratio 5/4 and 16/9. Factors that influence the determination of bandwidth. Simultaneous
transmission and sequential transmission of chroma signals: NTSC and PAC.
2.- COMPONENTS OF THE VIDEO SIGNAL.

Luminance. Chrominance. Relationship between Luminance and Chrominance. Color management in NTSC. Color management
in PAC. The synchronization signal.
3.- DIGITALIZATION OF THE VIDEO SIGNAL.

Review of the sampling theorem and PCM. Digitization of the components of the video signal (Luminance and Chrominance):
4:2:2, 4:1:1 and 4:1:0.
4.- VIDEO SIGNAL FORMATS.

Format according to the number of lines. Format according to the relationship of aspects. Format according to color coding.
HDTV, 5/4, 16/9, DVCAM, DVCPRO, D2, D3, 4:2:2.
5.- BANDWIDTH AND COMPRESSION.

Importance of compression. Compression standard: DV, MPEG, MPEG-2. Calculation of bandwidths for some video formats.
6.- VIDEO MEASUREMENT.

Eye Diagram. Video spectrum. Color measurement. Image quality. Transmission quality.
7.- VIDEO TRANSMISSION.

SDI and TDI.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BLAIR, Robin. Digital Techniques in Broadcasting Transmission . Focal Press, Boston , 1999.
2. WHITAKER, Jerry. DTV. The Revolution in Digital Video . 2nd. Edition. McGraw Hill. New York, 1999.

ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
SUBJECT CODE
DATA TRANSMISSION ELN-32313
56 165 UC
3 1 0 3
CONTENT
61
1. DATA TRANSMISSION.
Theoretical bases of data transmission. Spectral components of a digital signal. Information coding: Baudat Code, BCD, CCITT
No. 5 (ASCII) and EBCDIC. Basic model of a data communication system. Protocols and standards.
2. MODULATION TECHNIQUES.
Linear modulation: amplitude, double sideband and quadrature. Sampling process. Binary modulation systems: ASK, FSK and
PSK. M-ary techniques. Carrier synchronization and timing methods. Synchronous and asynchronous transmission. Interference
between symbols. PCM, DPCM, Delta Modulation. TDM.
3. DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS.
Notions of information theory and coding. Shannon's theorem. Source encoding theorem. Huffman coding. Correlative Coding.
Channel capacity. Channel coding theorem. Channel capacity theorem. Notions of detection and estimation. Formation of the
base band for data transmission.
4. MEANS FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF DATA AND LINK CIRCUITS.

Transmission media: two-wire cable, coaxial cable, optical fiber, free space, etc. Modems. Asynchronous Modems:
recommendations V.21, V.22, V.22 bis and V.32. Baseband modems. Connection of Terminal Modems. RS232 standard. Some
communication programs: XTALK, MIRROR, etc. Multiplexers. Concentrators. Multiplexed vs. Concentration. Temporal
multiplexing per bit, Statistical multiplexing. Adapters. Controllers.
5. DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORKS.

Circuit Switching vs. Packet switching. Plot formation. Network architecture. OSI reference model. Physical link and network layer.
Transport layer. Packet networks. Access protocol. Local networks. ALOHA protocol, persistent and non-persistent CSMA, CSMA
with collision detection. IEEE 802 standards for local area networks. Handshake: sliding window, etc. Protocol performance. The
network layer. Routing, congestion and congestion control algorithms. Flow control. Transport protocol. Connection management.
X.25 protocol. Upper layers of the OSI model. Email. Virtual terminals. File servers. TCP/IP remote computing.
6. CODING FOR ERROR CONTROL.

Coding and types of linear and cyclic codes. Convolutional Codes. Block code. Matrix codes. HAMMING code. Cyclic
redundancy codes (CRC). Trellis Coding. Viterbi coding. Compression and Cryptography.
7. LIMITING FACTORS IN THE TRANSMISSION OF DATA.

Phase distortion. Amplitude distortion and attenuation. Evaluation of the switching network and its capacity for data
transmission. Measurement procedures. Digital to analog loopback transmission levels. The RS232 interface in the digital
Loopback. Modems with ease of generating test patterns. Measurements to be carried out in the activation phase. Continuity and
reversal of threads. Amplitude, phase and harmonic distortion. Phase jitter.
8. HIGH SPEED DATA TRANSMISSION NETWORKS.

Packet radio networks. Wireless networks. Spread Spectrum and Frame Relay techniques. ISDN and BISDN . Asynchronous
Transfer Mode (ATM). FDDI. SONET. Meteor Burst Communication.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. LUCRY, Weldom Salz. Principle of Data Communications. McGraw Hill.

2. SCHWARTZ, Mischa. Telecommunications Networks. Potocols, Modeling and Analysis. Addison-Wesley. 1.992.
3. TANENBAUM, Andrew. Computer networks. Prentice Hall. 1.997. 3rd. Edition.

ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
SUBJECT CODE
HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AGP-36113
42 165 UC
3 0 0 3
CONTENT
62
1.- TOTAL QUALITY.
The Deming philosophy, the 14 points, the 7 deadly diseases, principles, the continuous improvement cycle, total quality
implementation model.
2.-THE HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.

Theory X and Theory Y of McGregor. The administrative process of the human resources system, human resources policies,
practical model of a system applying the philosophy of total quality.
3.- RECRUITMENT, SELECTION AND INDUCTION OF PERSONNEL.

Concepts, selection techniques, its process (flow chart), operation of orientation and induction, evaluation and monitoring,
current and proposed model applying the philosophy of total quality.
4.- THE EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE .

Basic concepts, objectives, uses and benefits, methods. Current and proposed model applying the philosophy of total quality.
5.- TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONNEL.

Concepts, the training cycle, needs inventory, organization analysis, training programs, career planning, evaluation of training
programs, current and proposed model applying the quality philosophy.
6.- DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF CHARGES.

Concepts, its structure, requirements, methods, objectives, current and proposed model of a job description and analysis sheet
applying the total quality philosophy.
7.- SALARY AND SALARY ADMINISTRATION.

Concepts, factors, methods, establishment of a wage and salary policy, presentation of a wage policy model.
8.- EMPLOYER-EMPLOYER RELATIONS AND COLLECTIVE WORK CONVENTIONS.

Concept, union organization, collective labor agreements, management of labor relations, presentation of a collective agreement
model.
9.- INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND SAFETY.

Concept, objectives, working conditions, safety at work, responsibility for safety, accident prevention, statistics, costs of
accidents, presentation of an industrial hygiene and safety program.
10.- INFORMATION SYSTEMS. Concept, database in human resources, human resources audit, importance of automated
system.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CHIAVENATO, Idalberto. (1994 ) Human Resources Administration. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. Second edition. Caracas.
2. GARAY , Juan. (1991). Practical labor legislation. Organic Labor Law with practical cases . Juan Garay Editions. Third
edition. Venezuela.
3. VILLEGAS, José. (1988). Staff Administration. Vega Edition, SRL Caracas, Venezuela.
4. Organic Prevention Law. Conditions and working environment . (1986). Vadell Hermanos Editors. Venezuela.
5. GOMEZ RONDÓN, Francisco. (1986). Personnel Administration in Venezuela.

ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
SUBJECT CODE
PROYECT MANAGEMENT AGP-36113

42 165 UC
3 0 0 3
CONTENT
63
1.- INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT MANAGEMENT.
Project definition, characteristics. Life cycle of a project. Project Shareholders. Definition of Project Management. Difference
between a project and a company. Examples.
The project manager, functions, responsibilities, capabilities, authority. Processes in Project management.
2.- BASIC FUNCTIONS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT.

Definition of integration management, scope, time, cost, quality, human resources, risk communications, procurement and
contracting.
3.- SCOPE MANAGEMENT. PROJECT INTEGRATION MANAGEMENT.

Definition of project objectives, definition of scope, control of scope changes. Development of the project plan and general
strategies. Execution of the plan. Implementation of change control.
4.- TIME MANAGEMENT.

Definition of activities, sequence, duration estimation. Diagram management.
5.- PROJECT COSTS.

Resource planning. Personnel, equipment, materials. Cost estimation. Budget allocation. Costs control. Continuous monitoring.
6.- QUALITY MANAGEMENT.

Quality baking. QA. Quality assurance. Quality standards. Continuous improvement
7.- HUMAN RESOURCES IN THE PROJECT.

Organizational planning. Creation of work teams. Training, recognition policies.
8.- COMMUNICATIONS IN THE PROJECT.

Communications planning. Distribution of information.
9.- RISKS IN THE PROJECT.

Identify Risks. Quantification. Response control.
10.- PROCUREMENT AND CONTRACTING.

Procurement and contracting planning. Identification of suppliers, manufacturers, contractors, bidding process. Requisitions.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. YU CHUENTAG, Luis. Practical applications of PERT and CPM . Editorial Gestión Deusto SA Fifth Edition.
2. MONTANA MADRIZ, Valentin. Proyect Management. Volumes I and II. USB Publishing. Continuing Education
Program.
3. BOCA URBINA, Gabriel. (1999) Project Evaluation. 3rd. Edition. McGraw-Hill. Mexico.
4. SAPAG, N and SAPAG, R. (2000). Project Preparation and Evaluation. Fourth edition. McGraw-Hill. Chili.
5. SAPAG, Nassin. (1993). Criteria for evaluating projects. McGraw-Hill. Chili.

ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
SUBJECT CODE
MANAGEMENT AGP-36113
42 165 UC
3 0 0 3
CONTENT
64
1.- THEORY OF ADMINISTRATION.
Introduction to the general theory of administration.
What is administration and what is the general theory of administration. Its importance. Object of study. Classical approach to
administration. Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management. Henry Fayol's classical theory of administration. The theory of
human relations. Max Weber's bureaucratic model. The modern approach to administration. Systems theory and contingency
theory.
2.- ORGANIZATIONS AND THEIR ADMINISTRATION.

The organizations. Definition. The complexity of organizations. Organizations as an open system. Organizations as a type of
social system. Formal and informal, primary and secondary organizations. Basic characteristics of the formal organization.
Linear, functional organization, line-staff. Administration. Definition, importance. Public and Private Administration.
Similarities and differences. Technology and organization. Concept. Accelerated technology. Creation and application of
technical systems. Effects of the technical system. Computer technology. Social and behavioral technology of the organization.
3.- ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSES.

The theory of processes and methods. Concepts. Directives. Policies. Purposes and plans. General and specific objectives. Goals.
Procedures and Methods. The diagnosis. The prognosis. The planning. Coordination. Address. Execution. Control and
Assessment. Its importance within the administrative and managerial process.
4.- MOTIVATION AND COMMUNICATIONS.

Motivation and communication in organizations. The motivation. Concept. Motivation and motivating factors.
Motivation/hygiene theories, expectancy theories, equity theory, behaviorism. The comunications. Concept. Information needs.
Organizational communication. Communication up, down, lateral and diagonal. The communication process. The perception.
Barriers in communication. Human behavior in organizations.
5.- LEADERSHIP AND DECISION THEORY.

The leadership. Concept. Importance of leadership. Leaders and organizational performance. Leaders and corporate culture.
Traits of leaders. Characteristics. Functions and styles. of leadership. Effective leadership. Decision theory. Concept. The
decision-making process. Types of decisions. Quantitative methods in decision making.
6.- HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT.

What is human resources administration. Human resources planning. Recruitment, selection and induction of human resources.
Development and Training. Job design. Specialization and enrichment of work. Performance evaluation. Administration of
wages and salaries.
7.- PRODUCTION AND ADMINISTRATION OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION.

Production and productivity. Production and service facilities. Production and inventory control. Quality and cost control. The
budget, its controls. Management information.
8.- CLIMATE AND ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT.

Climate, Concept, Elements, Measurement. Behavior system. Models. Organizational development. Concept. THE change and
its resistance. The process of change. Values and objectives of organizational development. Characteristics of the DO Processes,
Examples.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
65
10. CHIAVENATO, IDALBERTO. (1990). Introduction to the General Theory of Administration. Bogota. Mc Graw Hill
Publishing. 2nd. Spanish Edition.
1. CHIAVENATO, IDALBERTO. (1988). Human resources management. Bogota. Mc Graw Hill Publishing.
2. CHRUDEN and SHERMAN. Staff Administration.
3. DAVIS, KEITCH . The human behavior in the job.
4. THIELEN GRACE, Lida. (Lic.) (1989) Introduction to Administrative Theory. Valencia. Venezuela. Tatum Publishing.
5. HAMPTON, DAVID R. (1989). Administration. Bogota. Mc Graw Hill Publishing. 2nd. Spanish Edition.
6. KAS, FREMONT E. and ROSENZWEING, JAMES E. (1989). Administration in Organizations. Bogota. McGraw Hill.
2nd. Edition.
7. KOOTZ and O'DONNELL. Principles of Modern Administration.
8. MELINKOFF, RAMÓN V. (1990). Administrative Processes. Caracas. Venezuela. Panapo Publishing.
9. ROBBINS, STEPHEN P. (1990). Organizational behavior. Concepts. Controversies and applications. Mexico. Prentice
Hall Publishing. 2nd. Edition.
10. TERRY, GEORGE. Principles of administration.

ACADEMIC
SPECIALTY
TERM
66
SUBJECT CODE
HYGIENE AND INDUSTRIAL SECURITY AGP-36113

42 165 UC
3 0 0 3
CONTENT
1.- SOCIAL PROTECTION
Historical Introduction. The origins of social security. Technical advances and new risks. Guilt theory. Contractual liability
theory. Employer responsibility. Development of industrial hygiene and safety. National and international organizations.
Individual and institutional hygiene.
2.- INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Occupational hazards. Toxic, Chemical, Physical and Biological Agents. The Surmenage.
3.- ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

Environmental Factors: Ventilation, Gases and Particles, Lighting, Heat and Humidity, Noise and Vibration. Occupational
health. Atmospheric pollution. Control method. Industrial Sanitation.
4- INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
Definition. Work accident: causes and factors, accident reports. Record. Accident notification. Frequency index of accidents and
injuries. Severity index disability table. Cost of accidents.
5.- PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Determination of the need for equipment and its selection. Protection of the lower limbs. Head protection. Eye and face
protection. Respiratory protection. The use of safety equipment.
6.- RISK STUDIES IN THE INDUSTRY

Prevention and extinguishing of fires. Extinguishing agents. General rules on fire extinguishers. Rule to follow for each fire
prevention. Fire control panel. Electrical risks. Safeguarding of machinery. Heat and industrial safety. Color code.
7.- FIRST AID NOTIONS

The why and how of first aid. General instructions. Wounds and bleeding. Shock. Artificial respiration. Injuries to bones, joints
and muscles.
8.- INDUSTRIAL PROJECTS

Project and design of new industries from the point of view of industrial hygiene and safety. Sewage water. Plant distribution.
Role of the security engineer.
9.- SECURITY AND ORGANIZATION

Organization of an industrial hygiene and safety department. Functions and duties. General organization. The security
committees.
10.- LEGISLATION
Labor law and its regulations. Social insurance. Importance of industrial safety in companies. Hygiene and industrial safety
commissions in companies.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. CHIAVENATO, Idalberto. (19914) Human Resources Administration McGraw Hill Publishing. Second edition.
2. STONER; JAMES; FREEMAN; EDWARD AND GILBERT; DANIEL: (1995) Administration. Prentice Hall Publishing.
3. Labor law. New Labor Law.
4. Covenin Standards 253-82. Colors for the identification of pipes that carry fluids.
67

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INDEX

ELECTRICAL NETWORKS I ELC-31114

HOURS PER WEEK HOURS / TERM PRIORITY

THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT MAT-21244

1.- ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS.

2.- FUNDAMENTAL LAWS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ELECTRICAL NETWORKS.

3.- ANALYSIS OF SINE-WIDE ALTERNATING CURRENT CIRCUITS.

4.- ANALYSIS OF CIRCUITS WITH MAGNETIC COUPLINGS.

5.- NETWORK TOPOLOGY AND NETWORK TRANSFORMATION.

6.- ELECTRICAL NETWORKS THEOREMS.

NATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE NATIONAL ARMED FORCE

INTEGRAL TRANSFORMATIONS MAT-31224

HOURS PER WEEK HOURS / TERM PRIORITY

THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT

1. WUNSCH, D. “ Complex Variable with Addison Applications ” - Westley. Ibero-American. 1.997.

THEORY PRACTICE LABORATORY UNITS/CREDIT QUF-23034

ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY ELN-31112

HOURS PER WEEK HOURS / TERM PRIORITY

11.- PRINTED CIRCUITS

1.1.- OPERATING SYSTEMS:

3.- MULTIMEDIA AND VIRTUAL REALITY .

4.- SPECIFIC APPLICATION PROGRAMS : CAD. CAM., Graphers.

5.- TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES:

6.- ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS:

NATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE NATIONAL ARMED FORCE

ELECTRICAL NETWORKS II ELC-31124

HOURS PER WEEK HOURS / TERM PRIORITY

1.- CIRCUITS IN TRANSITIONAL REGIME.

3.- SINGLE PHASE ELECTRICAL POWER.

4.- THREE-PHASE SYSTEMS.

PRACTICE No. 10:

PRACTICE No. 11:

2. BOBROW, L. “ Analysis of Electrical Circuits” . Prentice Hall Publishing. Mexico. 1.983.

NATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE NATIONAL ARMED FORCE

1.- TWO-TERMINAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES (DIODES).

NATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE NATIONAL ARMED FORCE

ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS ELC-31214

1.- GENERAL ASPECTS AND DEFINITIONS OF ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS.

2.- THE OSCILLOSCOPE.

4.- MEASUREMENT OF RESISTANCE AND IMPEDANCE.

6.- MEASUREMENT TRANSFORMERS.

7.- POWER MEASUREMENT.

PRACTICE No. 1: TEAM RECOGNITION.

PRACTICE No. 2: PLOTTING GRAPHICS AND CALIBRATION CURVE.

PRACTICE No. 3: MEASUREMENT METHODS.

PRACTICE No. 4: STUDY OF THE GALVANOMETER.

PRACTICE No. 5: DESIGN OF AN AMMETER.

PRACTICE No. 6: DESIGN OF A VOLTMETER.

PRACTICE No. 7: DESIGN OF AN OHMETER .

PRACTICE No. 8: DC BRIDGES .

PRACTICE No. 9: ALTERNATING CURRENT BRIDGES .

PRACTICE No. 10: TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS .

PRACTICE No. 11: MEASUREMENT TRANSFORMERS .

1. CARDENAS O & MEDINA. “ Industrial Transducers ”. University of the Andes. 1.997.

4. VITALE. “ Text Notes on Electrical Measurements ”. University of the Andes. 1.995.

NATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE NATIONAL ARMED FORCE

LINEAR SYSTEMS ELN-33113

1.- INTRODUCTION TO CONTROL SYSTEMS.