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２０２４年６月四级翻译预测第一批

一、 传统文化

国画

中国传统国画（the traditional Chinese painting）是世界上最古老的艺术传统之一。绘画时用

毛笔蘸黑墨或彩墨在纸张或丝绸上作画。根据表现手法，国画可分为写意派（the Xieyi school）

和工笔派（the Gongbi school）两大类。写意派以自由表达和形式夸张为特点；工笔派则注

重以精细的笔法描绘细节。山水画被公认为国画的最高形式。纵观历史，不同时期的国画都

相应地反映出人们的社会意识。

【参考译文】

The traditional Chinese painting is one of the oldest artistic traditions in the world. The painting is
done on paper or silk with a brush dipped in black or colored ink. According to the means of
expression, Chinese paintings can be divided into two categories which are the Xieyi school and the
Gongbi school. The Xieyi school is characterized by free expression and exaggerated forms, while
the Gongbi school attaches importance to detail with fine brushwork. Landscape painting is widely
regarded as the highest form of Chinese painting. Throughout history, the Chinese paintings at
different times mirror people's social consciousness accordingly.

二、 民俗艺术

1. 皮影戏

皮影戏（shadow play）是中国最古老的戏剧之一。它起源于 2000 多年前的古长安，盛行于

唐代和宋代。在中国古代，这是一个流行的民间戏曲形式，而且它是世界电影的祖先。当时，

它就像现代的电影和电视一样给人们带来欢乐。表演者跟着音乐歌唱，同时控制着皮影工具。

这些戏剧的内容更多是关于传统的历史戏画。皮影戏是世界文化和艺术大家庭中的瑰宝。

Shadow play is one of the oldest operas in China. It originates in ancient Chang’an over 2,000 years
ago and gained great popularity in the Tang and Song dynasties. It was a popular folk drama in
ancient China and also the ancestor of films in the world. At that time, it brought people pleasure as
modern movies and TVs do. Actors sing with the music, and control shadow tools at the same time.
The contents of those plays are more about traditional historical dramas and fable stories. Shadow
play is the treasure among the world's culture and art.
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2. 十二生肖

十二生肖(the twelve Chinese Zodiacs)是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。为了让人们更好地记

住年份，我们的祖先用 12 只动物来代表年份。即“十二生肖”(Chinese Zodiac)。每一年由一

种动物代表，每隔 12 年进行一个循环，从鼠开始，以猪为结尾。每一种动物还有其独特的

文化内涵。(cultural connotation)。例如，虎年出生的人通常被看成具有“强大、勇敢，但急躁”

的性格。十二生肖在亚洲的其他国家，如韩国和日本也很流行。

The twelve Chinese Zodiacs play an important role in the Chinese traditional culture. In order to
remember the years more easily, our ancestors used twelve animals to represent the years, which is
called the “Chinese Zodiac”. Every year is represented by an animal and every 12 years comes in a
circle from Rat to Pig. Each animal has its unique cultural connotations. For example, a person born
in the Year of Tiger is generally seen as “powerful, brave and impatient”. The Chinese Zodiac
remains popular as well in other Asian countries, such as Korea and Japan.

三、 中国建筑

圆明园

圆明园（Yuanmingyuan Imperial Garden）位于北京西郊，于 1708 年开始兴建。经过几十年

的建造、装饰和改建，圆明园成为当时世界上最出色的园林之一。圆明园继承了中国园林建

筑的传统，把不同风格的园林建筑融为一体，充分体现出和谐与完美。除此之外，圆明园在

世界园林建筑史上也占有非常重要的地位。遗憾的是，经过几场战争，今天的圆明园只是一

片废墟。

Located in the west suburb of Beijing, Yuanmingyuan Imperial Garden was first constructed in 1708.
After decades of construction, decoration, and reconstruction, Yuanmingyuan Imperial Garden had
become one of the most excellent gardens in the world at that time. It earned forward the tradition
of Chinese garden building by combining garden architectures of different styles to give full
expression of harmony and perfectness. Besides this, it also had a very important position in the
world history of garden architecture. It is a pity that after several wars, today's Yuanmingyuan
Imperial Garden is only a heap of ruins.
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四、 传统服饰

扇子

中国有着悠久的扇子文化。最早的扇子出现在 3000 年前，由羽毛制成。如今，扇子的制作

材料已变得多样化，最常用的是纸和真丝。扇子的用途很广泛，除了能使人凉快之外，还可

用于舞蹈、装饰等。在中国文化里，与其说扇子是个工具，不如说它是一个艺术品。扇面上

的书法(calligraphy)、绘画和诗歌为扇子增添了艺术价值，使扇子为历代收藏家所珍爱。

China has a long history of fan culture. The first fan came into being 3,000 years ago and was made
of bird feathers. Nowadays, there are various materials for fan making, among which paper and silk
are the most commonly used. Fans are used widely. Apart from cooling people they can also be used
for dance, decoration and soon. In Chinese culture, a fan is a work of art rather than a tool. The
calligraphy, paintings or poems on both sides of the fans add artistic values to them, making them
the treasures of many collectors.
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附录：四六级翻译高频词

一、 传统文化类核心表达

二、 环境保护类核心表达

三、 教育发展类核心表达
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四、 科技类核心表达

五、 社会发展核心表达
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