Hate Crime in CA 2023f - 0

Hate Crime in California 1
2 Hate Crime in California

The Role of the
Criminal Justice Statistics Center
is to:
 Collect, analyze, and report statistical data that

provide valid measures of crime and the criminal
justice process.
 Examine these data on an ongoing basis to better

describe crime and the criminal justice system.
 Promote the responsible presentation and use of

crime statistics.
CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

Rob Bonta, Attorney General

Executive Summary
Hate Crime in California
2023
Hate Crime in California 2023 presents statistics on hate crimes reported by California law
enforcement agencies that occurred during 2023, with prior years included for context. These
statistics include the reported number of hate crime events1, hate crime offenses2, victims
of hate crimes, and suspects of hate crimes. This report also provides statistics reported by
district and elected city attorneys on the number of hate crime cases referred to prosecutors,
the number of cases filed in court, and the disposition of those cases. For the purposes of this
report, a hate crime refers to a criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole
or in part by an offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity,
gender, or gender identity. While the total number of reported hate crime events, offenses,
victims, and suspects decreased in 2023, caution should be used when comparing 2023 hate
crime data to prior years. Not all agencies were able to submit a full year of data for 2023. See
“Understanding the Data, Characteristics and Known Limitations” for additional information on
Page 3.
The following statements highlight the major trends in Hate Crime in California for 2023.
Crime Data
While the last decade has seen some year-to-year increases in hate crime events per year, and
some year-to-year decreases, overall hate crime events have increased by 159.9% (Table 11).
The lowest year for reported hate crime events was 2014 with 758 events (Table 11).
Reported hate crime events* decreased 7.1% from 2,120 in 2022 to 1,970 in 2023 (Table 11).
Reported hate crime offenses* decreased 8.9% from 2,589 in 2022 to 2,359 in 2023 (Table 12).
The number of victims* of reported hate crimes decreased 6.9% from 2,474 in 2022 to 2,303 in
2023 (Table 15).
*
Caution should be used when comparing 2023 hate crime data to prior years. Not all agencies were able to submit a full year of data for 2023. See Understanding the Data,
Characteristics, and Known Limitations for additional information.
1
The term event is defined as an occurrence where a hate crime is involved. (In this report, the information about the event is a crime report or source document that meets
the criteria for a hate crime.) There may be one or more suspects involved, one or more victims targeted, and one or more offenses involved for each event.
2
The term offense is defined as criminal acts that are recorded as follows: murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, arson, simple
assault, intimidation, destruction/vandalism, and all other group A offenses as defined by the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Uniform Crime Reporting Program and in their
national Hate Crimes Statistics Report.

The number of suspects of reported hate crimes decreased 9.2% from 2,031 in 2022 to 1,844 in
2023 (Table 15).
Reported hate crime events involving a racial bias overall decreased 21.6% from 1,298 in 2022
to 1,017 in 2023 (Table 11).
• Anti-Black or African American bias events fell from 652 in 2022 to 518 in 2023, a decrease
of 20.6%.
• Anti-other ethnicity/national origin events fell from 96 in 2022 to 48 in 2023, a decrease of
50%.
• Anti-white bias events fell from 103 in 2022 to 53 in 2023, a decrease of 48.5%.
Reported hate crime events involving a religion bias increased 30% from 303 in 2022 to 394 in
2023 (Table 11).
• Anti-Jewish bias events rose from 189 in 2022 to 289 in 2023, an increase of 52.9%.
• Anti-Islamic (Muslim) bias events rose from 25 in 2022 to 40 in 2023.
• Anti-Protestant religion bias events fell from 12 in 2022 to 1 in 2023.
Reported hate crime events involving a sexual orientation bias increased 3.6% from 391 in 2022
to 405 in 2023 (Table 11).
• Anti-gay (male) bias events fell from 271 in 2022 to 231 in 2023, a decrease of 14.8%.
• Anti-LGBTQ+ bias events rose from 81 in 2022 to 151 in 2023, an increase of 86.4%.
Reported hate crime events involving multiple-biases increased from 32 in 2022 to 54 in 2023
(Table 11).
Reported hate crime offenses decreased 8.9% from 2,589 in 2022 to 2,359 in 2023 (Table 13).
• Violent crime offenses decreased 17.5% from 1,790 in 2022 to 1,477 in 2023 (Table 13).
• Property crime offenses increased 4.3% from 759 in 2022 to 792 in 2023 (Table 13).
Prosecutorial Data
Of the 679 hate crimes that were referred for prosecution, 463 cases were filed by district
attorneys and elected city attorneys for prosecution. Of the 463 cases that were filed for
prosecution, 322 were filed as hate crimes and 141 were filed as non-bias motivated crimes
(Table 7A).
Of the 120 cases with a disposition available for this report:

• 51.7% (62) were hate crime convictions.
• 35.8% (43) were other convictions.
• 12.5% (15) were not convicted (Table 7B).

Understanding the Data
Characteristics and Known Limitations
Crime Data
Local law enforcement agencies are required to report hate crimes to Department of Justice
(DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code section 13023. California Penal Code section
422.55 defines a hate crime as “a criminal act committed, in whole or in part, because of one or
more of the following actual or perceived characteristics of the victim: (1) Disability, (2) Gender,
(3) Nationality, (4) Race or ethnicity, (5) Religion, (6) Sexual orientation, (7) Association with a
person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristics.”
The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate crime data:
1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses, committed
against one or more victims, by one or more suspects or perpetrators. Victims can have more
than one offense committed against them.
2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way. In each hate
crime event, DOJ counts the total number of victims, the total number of suspects, and the
total number of criminal offenses in one event. These totals are then classified and counted
by type of bias motivation (e.g., anti-Black or African American, anti-Hispanic or Latino, anti-
Jewish, anti-gay, etc.), type of crime (e.g., murder, aggravated assault, burglary, destruction/
vandalism, etc.), the location where the crime took place (e.g., residence, street, synagogue,
school, etc.), and the type of victim (e.g., individual, property, etc.).
3) DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures incorporating a
two-tier review (decision-making) process. The first level is done by the initial officer who
responds to the suspected hate crime incident. At the second level, each report is reviewed
by at least one other officer to confirm that the event was, in fact, a hate crime.
4) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons. The following factors should
be considered:
• Demographic diversity and population density.
• Size of law enforcement agencies.
• The training received in the identification of hate crimes by law enforcement officers in
each jurisdiction.
5) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to DOJ:
• Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to law
enforcement agencies.
• Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies.
• Policies of law enforcement agencies.
• Community policing policies.

6) In 2011, DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate crime data
collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national level.
In 2013, DOJ expanded the gender bias for the California hate crime data collection system
to include “gender nonconforming” in order to reflect modifications implemented at the
national level.
In 2014, DOJ expanded the religion bias for the California hate crime data collection system
to include “Sikh” in order to reflect modifications implemented at the national level.
In 2015, DOJ expanded the race and ethnicity bias for the California hate crime data
collection system to include “Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander” in order to reflect
modifications implemented at the national level.
In 2023, DOJ modified the label of the bias type “anti-homosexual” to “anti-LGBTQ+“ in order
to reflect modifications implemented at the national level.
7) In 2013, the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI) Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) program
revised the definition of “forcible rape” (the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and
against her will) to “rape,” which is now defined as “penetration, no matter how slight, of the
vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another
person, without the consent of the victim.” California DOJ implemented this definition
change in January 2014.
8) In 2016, the FBI Director informed all state Statistical Analysis Centers that the FBI UCR
program would be transitioning to a National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)-
only data collection by January 1, 2021. California DOJ embarked on a five-year effort to
develop and implement a new state repository, the California Incident-Based Reporting
System (CIBRS), to house the new FBI statistical reporting format. The CIBRS repository is
a combination of the federal NIBRS requirements with additional California-specific data
elements. California DOJ began collecting data in CIBRS in 2021.
Data represented in this publication are hybrid, a combination of both the summary incident
and incident-based reporting (IBR) formats. Hate Crime data were already reported at
the incident level prior to the implementation of IBR. The changes reflected in this year’s
publication as a result of the implementation of IBR impact the following areas: victim types
and offenses. IBR expands the values associated with these two areas allowing for a more
complete and descriptive picture of hate crime occurring in California.

9) Agency Limitations for 2023 - The following agencies in the below-listed counties were
unable to report the full year of data due to a variety of reasons, including but not limited to:
Records Management System (RMS) issues, unresolved reporting errors, staffing issues, and
cyberattacks, or failed to report.
Del Norte County San Bernardino County

Del Norte County Sheriff’s Department Chaffey College Police Department
Imperial County San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department
Brawley Police Department San Joaquin County
Calipatria Police Department Lodi Police Department
Imperial Police Department Santa Barbara County
Westmorland Police Department Lompoc Police Department
Kern County Santa Clara County
Arvin Police Department Morgan Hill Police Department
Lake County San Jose Police Department
Lakeport Police Department Santa Cruz County
Los Angeles County Santa Cruz Police Department
Montebello Police Department Shasta County
Mendocino County Redding Police Department
Mendocino County Sheriff’s Department Shasta County Sheriff’s Department
Willits Police Department Siskiyou County
Orange County Yreka Police Department
Costa Mesa Police Department Solano County
Garden Grove Police Department Solano County Sheriff’s Department
Orange Police Department Yolo County
Westminster Police Department West Sacramento Police Department
Riverside County Yuba County
Cathedral City Police Department Yuba County Sheriff’s Department

County District Attorneys’ and
Elected City Attorneys’ Prosecutorial Data
The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting hate crime
cases:
1) In order to show the criminal justice system’s response to hate crimes, in 1995 the CA
Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit summary
data of complaints filed and convictions secured.
2) The 2023 District Attorneys’ and Elected City Attorneys’ Report File of Hate Crime Cases
contains summary data based on cases referred to each district attorney or elected city
attorney, and filings and convictions that occurred from January 1, 2023, through December
31, 2023.
3) When viewing prosecutorial data, it is not possible to relate the number of hate crimes
reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes prosecuted by district
attorneys and city attorneys. First, crimes often occur in different reporting years than their
subsequent prosecutions. Second, the number of crimes reported by law enforcement is
much higher than those calling for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested
defendant who can be prosecuted in a court of law.
4) The annual prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases
filed and the total number of hate crime convictions as reported by each district attorney
or elected city attorney. There is no direct relationship between “complaints filed” and
“convictions,” since a case may be filed in one year and the outcome (trial or pleading) may
occur in another.
5) All prosecutorial data include hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult defendants.
6) Glenn County District Attorney did not report data for 2014.

List of Data Tables
CRIME DATA, 2023
Table 1 Hate Crimes, 2023

Events, Offenses, Victims, and Suspects by Bias Motivation ................................................9

Offenses by Type of Crime ..................................................................................................10

Events, Offenses, Victims, and Suspects by Location..........................................................11

Victim Type by Bias Motivation ..........................................................................................12

Victim Type by Location......................................................................................................13

Events, Offenses, Victims, and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction..................................14
PROSECUTORIAL DATA, 2023
Table 7A Hate Crime Prosecutorial Survey Responses, 2023

Number of Cases Referred to Prosecutors by Law Enforcement,
Rejections, and Filings by Type ...........................................................................................23
Table 7B Hate Crime Prosecutorial Survey Responses, 2023

Number of Hate Crime Case Dispositions ..........................................................................23
Table 8 Hate Crime Prosecutorial Survey Responses, 2023

Number of Cases Referred to Prosecutors and Type of Filing by Agency ...........................24
Table 9 Hate Crime Prosecutorial Survey Responses, 2023

Number of Dispositions of Hate Crime Cases Reported by Agency....................................26
Table 10 Hate Crime Prosecutorial Survey Responses, 2014–2023

Number of Complaints Filed as Hate Crimes and Total Convictions by
Type of Prosecuting Attorney .............................................................................................28

TREND DATA, 2014–2023
Table 11 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Events by Bias Motivation...................................................................................................29

Offenses by Bias Motivation ...............................................................................................30

Offenses by Type of Crime ..................................................................................................31

Offenses by Location...........................................................................................................32

Events, Offenses, Victims, and Suspects.............................................................................33

Events by Location ..............................................................................................................33

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation ................................................................................33

Single-Bias Events by Race/Ethnicity/National Origin ........................................................34

Single-Bias Events by Religion.............................................................................................34

Single-Bias Events by Sexual Orientation............................................................................34

Single-Bias Events by Gender .............................................................................................35

Single-Bias Offenses by Category........................................................................................35

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Violent Crime ...................................................................35

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Property Crime.................................................................36
APPENDICES
Appendix Glossary ..............................................................................................................................37

Table 1
HATE CRIMES, 2023
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Suspects by Bias Motivation
Events Offenses Victims Suspects
Bias motivation Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent
Number Number Number Number
of total of bias of total of bias of total of bias of total of bias
Total.............................................................................. 1,970 100.0 2,359 100.0 2,303 100.0 1,844 100.0
Single-bias total............................................................ 1,916 97.3 2,269 96.2 2,224 96.6 1,793 97.2
Race/ethnicity/national origin...................................... 1,017 51.6 100.0 1,228 52.1 100.0 1,201 52.1 100.0 984 53.4 100.0
Anti-white................................................................ 53 2.7 5.2 58 2.5 4.7 58 2.5 4.8 66 3.6 6.7
Anti-Black or African American................................ 518 26.3 50.9 609 25.8 49.6 592 25.7 49.3 502 27.2 51.0
Anti-Hispanic or Latino............................................ 199 10.1 19.6 265 11.2 21.6 261 11.3 21.7 207 11.2 21.0
Anti-American Indian/
Alaskan native....................................................... 3 0.2 0.3 4 0.2 0.3 4 0.2 0.3 2 0.1 0.2
Anti-Asian................................................................ 125 6.3 12.3 145 6.1 11.8 143 6.2 11.9 117 6.3 11.9
Anti-Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander.................. 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0
Anti-Arab................................................................. 22 1.1 2.2 33 1.4 2.7 32 1.4 2.7 24 1.3 2.4
Anti-multiple races (group)....................................... 41 2.1 4.0 53 2.2 4.3 52 2.3 4.3 25 1.4 2.5
Anti-other ethnicity/
national origin....................................................... 48 2.4 4.7 52 2.2 4.2 50 2.2 4.2 35 1.9 3.6
Anti-citizenship status.............................................. 8 0.4 0.8 9 0.4 0.7 9 0.4 0.7 6 0.3 0.6
Religion...................................................................... 394 20.0 100.0 453 19.2 100.0 446 19.4 100.0 207 11.2 100.0
Anti-Jewish.............................................................. 289 14.7 73.4 321 13.6 70.9 318 13.8 71.3 131 7.1 63.3
Anti-Catholic............................................................ 15 0.8 3.8 19 0.8 4.2 17 0.7 3.8 6 0.3 2.9
Anti-Protestant........................................................ 1 0.1 0.3 1 0.0 0.2 1 0.0 0.2 1 0.1 0.5
Anti-Islamic (Muslim)............................................... 40 2.0 10.2 54 2.3 11.9 53 2.3 11.9 37 2.0 17.9
Anti-Sikh.................................................................. 5 0.3 1.3 6 0.3 1.3 6 0.3 1.3 3 0.2 1.4
Anti-multiple religions (group).................................. 4 0.2 1.0 4 0.2 0.9 4 0.2 0.9 1 0.1 0.5
Anti-other religion.................................................... 40 2.0 10.2 48 2.0 10.6 47 2.0 10.5 28 1.5 13.5
Anti-atheism/agnosticism/etc................................... 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0
Sexual orientation....................................................... 405 20.6 100.0 476 20.2 100.0 466 20.2 100.0 474 25.7 100.0
Anti-gay (male)........................................................ 231 11.7 57.0 265 11.2 55.7 260 11.3 55.8 279 15.1 58.9
Anti-lesbian............................................................. 17 0.9 4.2 21 0.9 4.4 21 0.9 4.5 26 1.4 5.5
1
Anti-LGBTQ+ ….................................................. 151 7.7 37.3 182 7.7 38.2 177 7.7 38.0 163 8.8 34.4
Anti-heterosexual..................................................... 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0
Anti-bisexual............................................................ 6 0.3 1.5 8 0.3 1.7 8 0.3 1.7 6 0.3 1.3
Physical/mental disability............................................ 18 0.9 100.0 19 0.8 100.0 19 0.8 100.0 20 1.1 100.0
Anti-physical disability.............................................. 12 0.6 66.7 13 0.6 68.4 13 0.6 68.4 12 0.7 60.0
Anti-mental disability................................................ 6 0.3 33.3 6 0.3 31.6 6 0.3 31.6 8 0.4 40.0
Gender....................................................................... 82 4.2 100.0 93 3.9 100.0 92 4.0 100.0 108 5.9 100.0
Anti-male................................................................. 2 0.1 2.4 2 0.1 2.2 2 0.1 2.2 2 0.1 1.9
Anti-female.............................................................. 4 0.2 4.9 4 0.2 4.3 4 0.2 4.3 3 0.2 2.8
Anti-transgender...................................................... 65 3.3 79.3 76 3.2 81.7 75 3.3 81.5 94 5.1 87.0
Anti-gender nonconforming..................................... 11 0.6 13.4 11 0.5 11.8 11 0.5 12.0 9 0.5 8.3
Multiple-bias total.......................................................... 54 2.7 100.0 90 3.8 100.0 79 3.4 100.0 51 2.8 100.0
Notes: Percentages may not add to subtotals or 100.0 because of rounding.
An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects.
For a more complete definition of each term, please refer to Appendix: Glossary.
Not all agencies reported hate crime data in 2023. Please see Understanding the Data, Characteristics and Known Limitations for further information.
1
Homosexual category renamed to LGBTQ+ in accordance with FBI's guidelines

Table 2
HATE CRIMES, 2023
Offenses by Type of Crime
Offenses
Type of crime Percent of Percent of
Number
total category
Total................................................ 2,359 100.0
Single-bias total............................. 2,269 96.2
Violent crimes.............................. 1,477 62.6 100.0
Murder........................................ 2 0.1 0.1
Rape.......................................... 1 0.0 0.1
Robbery...................................... 61 2.6 4.1
Aggravated assault.................... 426 18.1 28.8
Simple assault............................ 468 19.8 31.7
Intimidation................................. 509 21.6 34.5
Fondling1……………………….. 3 0.1 0.2
Kidnapping/abduction1…………… 5 0.2 0.3
Sexual Assault with an object1…… 1 0.0 0.1
Sodomy1…………………………. 1 0.0 0.1
Property crimes............................ 792 33.6 100.0
Burglary...................................... 22 0.9 2.8
Larceny-theft.............................. 27 1.1 3.4
Motor vehicle theft...................... 1 0.0 0.1
Arson.......................................... 8 0.3 1.0
Destruction/vandalism................ 721 30.6 91.0
Counterfeiting/forgery1…………… 1 0.0 0.1
Extortion/blackmail1…………….. 1 0.0 0.1
Impersonation1………………… 1 0.0 0.1
Drug equipment violations1……… 1 0.0 0.1
Drug/narcotic violations1………… 1 0.0 0.1
Pornography/obscene material1… 1 0.0 0.1
Weapons law violation1………. 7 0.3 0.9
Multiple-bias total........................... 90 3.8 100.0
Note: Percentages may not add to subtotals or 100.0 because of rounding.
Not all agencies reported hate crime data in 2023. Please see Understanding
the Data, Characteristics and Known Limitations for further information.
1
New category added in 2021 due to the implementation of incident based
reporting. Please see Data Characteristics for further information.

Table 3
HATE CRIMES, 2023
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Suspects by Location
Events Offenses Victims Suspects
Location
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Total.............................................................. 1,970 100.0 2,359 100.0 2,303 100.0 1,844 100.0
Single-bias total.......................................... 1,916 97.3 2,269 96.2 2,224 96.6 1,793 97.2
Abandoned/condemned structure........... 1 0.1 1 0.0 1 0.0 1 0.1
Air/bus/train terminal............................... 60 3.0 66 2.8 66 2.9 65 3.5
Amusement park..................................... 3 0.2 3 0.1 3 0.1 2 0.1
Arena/stadium/fairgrounds/coliseum....... 1 0.1 1 0.0 1 0.0 3 0.2
Bank/savings and loan............................ 7 0.4 8 0.3 8 0.3 3 0.2
Bar/night club.......................................... 23 1.2 28 1.2 28 1.2 29 1.6
Camp/campground................................. 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Church/synagogue/temple...................... 79 4.0 93 3.9 91 4.0 45 2.4
Commercial/office building...................... 51 2.6 63 2.7 62 2.7 28 1.5
Community center................................... 6 0.3 6 0.3 6 0.3 7 0.4
Construction site..................................... 12 0.6 19 0.8 19 0.8 11 0.6
Convenience store.................................. 19 1.0 22 0.9 22 1.0 20 1.1
Daycare facility........................................ 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Department/discount store...................... 16 0.8 21 0.9 21 0.9 17 0.9
Dock/wharf/freight/modal terminal........... 1 0.1 1 0.0 1 0.0 0 0.0
Drug store/Dr.'s office/hospital................ 23 1.2 25 1.1 25 1.1 19 1.0
Farm facility............................................ 4 0.2 4 0.2 4 0.2 1 0.1
Field/woods/park..................................... 4 0.2 8 0.3 8 0.3 2 0.1
Gambling facility/casino/race track.......... 1 0.1 1 0.0 1 0.0 1 0.1
Government/public building..................... 31 1.6 32 1.4 32 1.4 23 1.2
Grocery/supermarket.............................. 20 1.0 27 1.1 27 1.2 20 1.1
Highway/road/alley/street........................ 440 22.3 523 22.2 515 22.4 521 28.3
Hotel/motel/etc........................................ 11 0.6 14 0.6 13 0.6 12 0.7
Industrial site........................................... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Jail/prison................................................ 24 1.2 26 1.1 26 1.1 30 1.6
Lake/waterway/beach.............................. 4 0.2 6 0.3 5 0.2 3 0.2
Liquor store............................................. 15 0.8 19 0.8 18 0.8 18 1.0
Park/playground...................................... 109 5.5 125 5.3 123 5.3 70 3.8
Parking lot/garage................................... 143 7.3 164 7.0 160 6.9 152 8.2
Rental storage facility.............................. 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 0 0.0
Residence/home/driveway...................... 386 19.6 473 20.1 456 19.8 364 19.7
Rest area................................................ 1 0.1 1 0.0 1 0.0 0 0.0
Restaurant.............................................. 63 3.2 74 3.1 73 3.2 50 2.7
School, college/university........................ 83 4.2 96 4.1 95 4.1 40 2.2
School, elementary/secondary................ 133 6.8 153 6.5 150 6.5 105 5.7
Service/gas station.................................. 12 0.6 13 0.6 13 0.6 13 0.7
Shelter/mission/homeless....................... 8 0.4 8 0.3 8 0.3 8 0.4
Shopping mall......................................... 12 0.6 13 0.6 13 0.6 16 0.9
Specialty store (TV, fur, etc.)................... 27 1.4 32 1.4 31 1.3 26 1.4
Tribal lands............................................. 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Other/unknown........................................ 81 4.1 98 4.2 96 4.2 68 3.7
Multiple-bias total........................................ 54 2.7 90 3.8 79 3.4 51 2.8
Notes: Percentages may not add to 100.0 because of rounding.
An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects.
For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term, please refer to Appendix: Glossary.

Table 4
HATE CRIMES, 2023
Victim Type by Bias Motivation
Business/
Religious
Total Individual financial Government Other
Bias motivation organization
institution
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Total................................................................ 2,303 100.0 1,858 100.0 148 100.0 202 100.0 56 100.0 39 100.0
Single-bias total............................................. 2,224 96.6 1,800 96.9 137 92.6 193 95.5 56 100.0 38 97.4
Race/ethnicity/national origin....................... 1,201 52.1 1,013 54.5 63 42.6 107 53.0 1 1.8 17 43.6
Anti-white.................................................. 58 2.5 52 2.8 2 1.4 3 1.5 0 0.0 1 2.6
Anti-Black or African American................. 592 25.7 504 27.1 25 16.9 52 25.7 0 0.0 11 28.2
Anti-Hispanic or Latino.............................. 261 11.3 253 13.6 5 3.4 1 0.5 0 0.0 2 5.1
Alaskan native......................................... 4 0.2 3 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 2.6
Anti-Asian.................................................. 143 6.2 106 5.7 5 3.4 32 15.8 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-Arab................................................... 32 1.4 29 1.6 3 2.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-multiple races (group)........................ 52 2.3 21 1.1 17 11.5 11 5.4 1 1.8 2 5.1
national origin......................................... 50 2.2 39 2.1 5 3.4 6 3.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-citizenship status............................... 9 0.4 6 0.3 1 0.7 2 1.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Religion........................................................ 446 19.4 258 13.9 57 38.5 72 35.6 48 85.7 11 28.2
Anti-Jewish................................................ 318 13.8 172 9.3 52 35.1 71 35.1 15 26.8 8 20.5
Anti-Catholic.............................................. 17 0.7 6 0.3 1 0.7 0 0.0 10 17.9 0 0.0
Anti-Protestant.......................................... 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 1.8 0 0.0
Anti-Islamic (Muslim)................................ 53 2.3 49 2.6 2 1.4 0 0.0 2 3.6 0 0.0
Anti-Sikh.................................................... 6 0.3 3 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 3 5.4 0 0.0
Anti-multiple religions (group)................... 4 0.2 1 0.1 0 0.0 1 0.5 1 1.8 1 2.6
Anti-other religion...................................... 47 2.0 27 1.5 2 1.4 0 0.0 16 28.6 2 5.1
Anti-atheism/agnosticism/etc.................... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Sexual orientation........................................ 466 20.2 424 22.8 15 10.1 13 6.4 7 12.5 7 17.9
Anti-gay (male).......................................... 260 11.3 244 13.1 4 2.7 7 3.5 1 1.8 4 10.3
Anti-lesbian............................................... 21 0.9 21 1.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-LGBTQ+1…................................... 177 7.7 152 8.2 11 7.4 6 3.0 6 10.7 2 5.1
Anti-heterosexual...................................... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-bisexual.............................................. 8 0.3 7 0.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 2.6
Physical/mental disability............................. 19 0.8 19 1.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-physical disability............................... 13 0.6 13 0.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-mental disability................................. 6 0.3 6 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Gender......................................................... 92 4.0 86 4.6 2 1.4 1 0.5 0 0.0 3 7.7
Anti-male................................................... 2 0.1 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 2.6
Anti-female................................................ 4 0.2 4 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Anti-transgender....................................... 75 3.3 71 3.8 2 1.4 1 0.5 0 0.0 1 2.6
Anti-gender nonconforming....................... 11 0.5 10 0.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 2.6
Multiple-bias total........................................... 79 3.4 58 3.1 11 7.4 9 4.5 0 0.0 1 2.6
Notes: Percentages may not add to subtotals because of rounding.
The victim type "individual" includes person and law enforcement due to the implementation of incident based reporting. Please see Understanding the Data,
Characteristics and Known Limitations for further information.
The victim type "other" contains other, and society due to the implementation of incident based reporting. Please see Understanding the Data, Characteristics
and Known Limitations for further information.
1

Table 5
HATE CRIMES, 2023
Victim Type by Location
Business/
Religious
Total Individual financial Government Other
Location organization
institution
Total......................................................... 2,303 100.0 1,858 100.0 148 100.0 202 100.0 56 100.0 39 100.0
Single-bias total...................................... 2,224 96.6 1,800 96.9 137 92.6 193 95.5 56 100.0 38 97.4
Abandoned/condemned structure......... 1 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Air/bus/train terminal............................. 66 2.9 64 3.4 0 0.0 1 0.5 1 1.8 0 0.0
Amusement park................................... 3 0.1 2 0.1 1 0.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Arena/stadium/fairgrounds/coliseum.... 1 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Bank/savings and loan.......................... 8 0.3 4 0.2 4 2.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Bar/night club........................................ 28 1.2 28 1.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Camp/campground............................... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Church/synagogue/temple.................... 91 4.0 40 2.2 3 2.0 0 0.0 48 85.7 0 0.0
Commercial/office building.................... 62 2.7 40 2.2 19 12.8 1 0.5 0 0.0 2 5.1
Community center................................. 6 0.3 4 0.2 0 0.0 2 1.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Construction site................................... 19 0.8 16 0.9 2 1.4 1 0.5 0 0.0 0 0.0
Convenience store................................ 22 1.0 22 1.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Daycare facility...................................... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Department/discount store.................... 21 0.9 20 1.1 1 0.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Dock/wharf/freight/modal terminal........ 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.5 0 0.0 0 0.0
Drug store/Dr.'s office/hospital.............. 25 1.1 21 1.1 4 2.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Farm facility........................................... 4 0.2 2 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 5.1
Field/woods/park................................... 8 0.3 7 0.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 2.6
Gambling facility/casino/race track....... 1 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Government/public building.................. 32 1.4 23 1.2 1 0.7 8 4.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Grocery/supermarket............................ 27 1.2 25 1.3 2 1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Highway/road/alley/street...................... 515 22.4 475 25.6 10 6.8 24 11.9 1 1.8 5 12.8
Hotel/motel/etc...................................... 13 0.6 11 0.6 2 1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Industrial site......................................... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Jail/prison.............................................. 26 1.1 26 1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Lake/waterway/beach........................... 5 0.2 5 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Liquor store........................................... 18 0.8 16 0.9 2 1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Park/playground.................................... 123 5.3 47 2.5 3 2.0 69 34.2 1 1.8 3 7.7
Parking lot/garage................................. 160 6.9 147 7.9 7 4.7 4 2.0 0 0.0 2 5.1
Rental storage facility............................ 2 0.1 0 0.0 2 1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Residence/home/driveway.................... 456 19.8 435 23.4 14 9.5 4 2.0 0 0.0 3 7.7
Rest area.............................................. 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.5 0 0.0 0 0.0
Restaurant............................................ 73 3.2 60 3.2 13 8.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
School, college/university..................... 95 4.1 40 2.2 21 14.2 29 14.4 2 3.6 3 7.7
School, elementary/secondary.............. 150 6.5 75 4.0 14 9.5 43 21.3 2 3.6 16 41.0
Service/gas station............................... 13 0.6 10 0.5 3 2.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Shelter/mission/homeless..................... 8 0.3 8 0.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Shopping mall.............................. 13 0.6 12 0.6 1 0.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Specialty store (TV, fur, etc.)........ 31 1.3 26 1.4 5 3.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tribal lands................................... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Other/unknown...................................... 96 4.2 86 4.6 3 2.0 5 2.5 1 1.8 1 2.6
Multiple-bias total.................................... 79 3.4 58 3.1 11 7.4 9 4.5 0 0.0 1 2.6
Notes: Percentages may not add to subtotals because of rounding.
The victim type "individual" includes person and law enforcement due to the implementation of incident based reporting. Please see Understanding the Data,
The victim type "other" contains other, and society due to the implementation of incident based reporting. Please see Understanding the Data, Characteristics
and Known Limitations for further information.

Table 6
HATE CRIMES, 2023
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction
County and jurisdiction Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Total ............................................................... 1,970 2,359 2,303 1,844
Single Bias Total ............................................ 1,916 2,269 2,224 1,793
Alameda County .......................................... 117 151 148 92
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 4 4 4 0
Alameda ................................................... 6 11 10 13
Albany ....................................................... 2 2 2 0
Berkeley ................................................... 43 53 53 38
CSU East Bay .......................................... 1 1 1 1
Dublin ....................................................... 1 2 2 1
East Bay Reg Park Dist ............................ 6 6 6 3
Emeryville ................................................. 3 5 5 2
Fremont .................................................... 8 11 11 6
Hayward ................................................... 6 7 7 6
Livermore ................................................. 7 8 8 7
Newark ..................................................... 4 4 4 2
Oakland .................................................... 11 12 12 4
Piedmont .................................................. 1 2 1 1
UC Berkeley ............................................. 7 13 12 5
Union City ................................................. 7 10 10 3
Alpine County .............................................. 0 0 0 0
Amador County ........................................... 2 2 2 1
Ione .......................................................... 1 1 1 1
Jackson .................................................... 1 1 1 0
Butte County ............................................... 19 19 19 14
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 4 4 4 2
Chico ........................................................ 11 11 11 10
CSU Chico ................................................ 2 2 2 0
Gridley ...................................................... 2 2 2 2
Calaveras County ........................................ 1 1 1 1
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 1 1 1 1
Colusa County ............................................. 1 1 1 3
Colusa ...................................................... 1 1 1 3
Contra Costa County ................................... 55 62 59 39
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 4 4 4 4
Antioch ..................................................... 1 1 1 0
Brentwood ................................................ 7 8 7 5
Concord .................................................... 10 11 11 9
Contra Costa Comm College ................... 2 2 2 0
Danville ..................................................... 3 3 3 0
El Cerrito .................................................. 1 1 1 1
Hercules ................................................... 1 1 1 0
Lafayette ................................................... 3 3 3 1
Martinez .................................................... 4 4 4 2
Moraga ..................................................... 2 2 2 1
(continued)

Table 6 - continued
HATE CRIMES, 2023

Contra Costa County (continued) ................
Oakley ...................................................... 1 2 2 1
Pinole ....................................................... 3 4 4 2
Pittsburg ................................................... 1 1 1 1
Pleasant Hill ............................................. 4 4 4 4
Richmond ................................................. 3 3 3 4
San Ramon .............................................. 3 3 3 3
Walnut Creek ........................................... 2 5 3 1
Del Norte County ......................................... 1 1 1 1
Crescent City ............................................ 1 1 1 1
El Dorado County ........................................ 9 12 11 4
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 2 3 3 1
South Lake Tahoe .................................... 7 9 8 3
Fresno County ............................................. 21 34 33 19
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 1 1 1 1
Clovis ........................................................ 2 4 4 3
Coalinga State Hospital ............................ 1 1 1 1
CSU Fresno .............................................. 1 1 1 0
Fresno ...................................................... 16 27 26 14
Glenn County .............................................. 0 0 0 0
Humboldt County ........................................ 15 17 17 10
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 1 1 1 1
Arcata ....................................................... 4 4 4 2
Cal Poly Humboldt .................................... 5 6 6 2
Eureka ...................................................... 5 6 6 5
Imperial County ........................................... 3 3 3 4
Calexico .................................................... 1 1 1 1
El Centro .................................................. 2 2 2 3
Inyo County ................................................. 5 5 5 3
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 4 4 4 3
Bishop ...................................................... 1 1 1 0
Kern County ................................................ 16 19 17 12
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 1 1 1 1
Bakersfield ............................................... 5 5 5 5
California City ........................................... 2 3 2 1
CSU Bakersfield ....................................... 1 1 1 0
Delano ...................................................... 1 1 1 1
Kern High School District ......................... 4 4 4 3
McFarland ................................................ 1 1 1 0
Ridgecrest ................................................ 1 3 2 1
Kings County ............................................... 4 6 6 8
Corcoran ................................................... 1 1 1 0
Hanford ..................................................... 3 5 5 8
Lake County ................................................ 5 6 6 4
Clearlake .................................................. 5 6 6 4
(continued)

Table 6 - continued
HATE CRIMES, 2023

Lassen County ............................................ 3 3 3 2
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 2 2 2 1
Susanville ................................................. 1 1 1 1
Los Angeles County .................................... 664 748 744 650
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 44 44 44 40
Agoura Hills .............................................. 2 2 2 0
Alhambra .................................................. 2 2 2 3
Arcadia ..................................................... 1 1 1 0
Avalon ...................................................... 1 1 1 6
Azusa ....................................................... 2 2 2 1
Bell ........................................................... 5 5 5 9
Beverly Hills .............................................. 11 15 12 10
Burbank .................................................... 18 23 23 18
Carson ...................................................... 1 1 1 1
Cerritos ..................................................... 1 1 1 0
Compton ................................................... 2 2 2 0
Covina ...................................................... 1 1 1 1
CSU Long Beach ...................................... 1 1 1 0
Culver City ................................................ 7 9 9 5
El Monte ................................................... 7 10 10 6
El Segundo ............................................... 1 1 1 0
Gardena ................................................... 3 3 3 4
Glendale ................................................... 11 12 12 2
Glendora ................................................... 3 3 3 2
Hawthorne ................................................ 1 1 1 1
Inglewood ................................................. 4 4 4 1
La Canada Flintridge ................................ 1 1 1 0
La Mirada ................................................. 2 2 2 2
La Verne ................................................... 3 3 3 1
Lakewood ................................................. 1 1 1 1
Lancaster .................................................. 4 4 4 7
Long Beach .............................................. 31 37 37 27
Los Angeles .............................................. 397 442 442 425
Lynwood ................................................... 1 1 1 0
Malibu ....................................................... 3 3 3 1
Manhattan Beach ..................................... 7 7 7 6
Metro Transportation Authority ................. 4 4 4 4
Metropolitan State Hospital ...................... 1 1 1 1
Monrovia ................................................... 2 2 2 0
Montebello ................................................ 3 5 5 1
Norwalk .................................................... 1 1 1 3
Palmdale .................................................. 7 7 7 5
Paramount ................................................ 3 10 10 4
Pasadena ................................................. 2 2 2 1
Pasadena Community College ................. 1 1 1 1
Pomona .................................................... 3 3 3 2
(continued)

Table 6 - continued
HATE CRIMES, 2023

Los Angeles County (continued) .................
Redondo Beach ........................................ 4 4 4 0
Rolling Hills Estates .................................. 2 2 2 2
San Fernando ........................................... 1 1 1 2
Santa Clarita ............................................. 4 4 4 3
Santa Monica ........................................... 11 15 15 13
Santa Monica College .............................. 3 3 3 0
South Gate ............................................... 1 1 1 1
South Pasadena ....................................... 2 2 2 1
Temple City .............................................. 1 1 1 1
Torrance ................................................... 10 12 11 6
UC Los Angeles ....................................... 4 4 4 8
Walnut ...................................................... 1 1 1 1
West Covina ............................................. 1 2 2 1
West Hollywood ........................................ 13 15 15 9
Madera County ............................................ 2 5 5 0
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 2 5 5 0
Marin County ............................................... 21 23 22 14
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 2 2 2 0
Central Marin ............................................ 7 8 7 1
Fairfax ...................................................... 2 2 2 0
Novato ...................................................... 7 8 8 8
San Rafael ................................................ 3 3 3 5
Mariposa County ......................................... 0 0 0 0
Mendocino County ...................................... 1 1 1 1
Ukiah ........................................................ 1 1 1 1
Merced County ............................................ 3 3 3 0
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 1 1 1 0
Merced ..................................................... 2 2 2 0
Modoc County ............................................. 0 0 0 0
Mono County ............................................... 0 0 0 0
Monterey County ......................................... 13 14 14 25
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 3 4 4 9
Marina ...................................................... 2 2 2 3
Monterey .................................................. 4 4 4 2
Salinas ...................................................... 3 3 3 2
Soledad .................................................... 1 1 1 9
Napa County ............................................... 10 11 10 5
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 1 1 1 1
Calistoga .................................................. 1 2 1 1
Napa ......................................................... 7 7 7 3
St. Helena ................................................. 1 1 1 0
Nevada County ........................................... 1 1 1 1
Nevada City .............................................. 1 1 1 1
(continued)

Table 6 - continued
HATE CRIMES, 2023

Orange County ............................................ 91 113 109 81
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 6 7 7 5
Aliso Viejo ................................................. 1 1 1 0
Anaheim ................................................... 2 2 2 2
Buena Park ............................................... 1 1 1 1
Costa Mesa .............................................. 5 5 5 4
Cypress .................................................... 1 1 1 0
Dana Point ................................................ 1 1 1 1
Fountain Valley ......................................... 3 3 3 3
Fullerton ................................................... 4 4 4 3
Garden Grove ........................................... 1 1 1 1
Huntington Beach ..................................... 8 10 10 9
Irvine ......................................................... 14 14 14 10
Laguna Niguel .......................................... 1 1 1 1
Lake Forest .............................................. 1 1 1 1
Los Alamitos ............................................. 1 1 1 0
Mission Viejo ............................................ 1 1 1 1
Newport Beach ......................................... 4 5 5 3
Orange ..................................................... 1 1 1 1
Orange Coast ........................................... 1 4 4 1
San Clemente ........................................... 1 1 1 1
Santa Ana ................................................. 17 21 20 13
Seal Beach ............................................... 1 1 1 0
Tustin ........................................................ 1 1 1 1
UC Irvine .................................................. 6 8 8 3
Westminster ............................................. 8 17 14 16
Placer County .............................................. 9 11 10 6
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 2 2 2 2
Auburn ...................................................... 1 1 1 0
Lincoln ...................................................... 1 3 2 3
Rocklin ...................................................... 3 3 3 0
Roseville ................................................... 2 2 2 1
Plumas County ............................................ 1 2 2 1
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 1 2 2 1
Riverside County ......................................... 35 38 38 28
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 2 2 2 3
Cathedral City ........................................... 2 2 2 2
Indio .......................................................... 1 1 1 1
Jurupa Valley ............................................ 1 1 1 1
Menifee ..................................................... 1 1 1 0
Moreno Valley ........................................... 1 1 1 0
Murrieta .................................................... 1 1 1 1
Norco ........................................................ 1 1 1 1
Palm Springs ............................................ 11 11 11 10
Rancho Mirage ......................................... 1 2 2 1
Riverside .................................................. 9 10 10 8
(continued)

Table 6 - continued
HATE CRIMES, 2023

Riverside County (continued) ......................
Temecula ................................................. 2 3 3 0
UC Riverside ............................................ 2 2 2 0
Sacramento County .................................... 109 149 144 127
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 16 24 23 30
Citrus Heights ........................................... 6 7 7 3
Elk Grove .................................................. 2 2 2 1
Folsom ..................................................... 12 25 23 9
Galt ........................................................... 4 5 5 2
Rancho Cordova ...................................... 4 10 10 6
Sacramento .............................................. 63 74 72 75
Twin Rivers USD ...................................... 2 2 2 1
San Benito County ...................................... 2 2 2 3
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 1 1 1 2
Hollister .................................................... 1 1 1 1
San Bernardino County ............................... 28 32 32 23
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 2 2 2 2
Barstow .................................................... 1 1 1 1
Chaffey College ........................................ 3 5 5 0
Chino ........................................................ 4 4 4 2
Grand Terrace .......................................... 1 2 2 1
Needles .................................................... 1 1 1 1
Patton State Hospital ................................ 2 2 2 2
Rancho Cucamonga ................................ 1 1 1 1
Redlands .................................................. 4 5 5 2
Rialto ........................................................ 6 6 6 7
San Bernardino USD ................................ 1 1 1 2
Upland ...................................................... 2 2 2 2
San Diego County ....................................... 124 147 142 117
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 11 11 11 10
Carlsbad ................................................... 3 5 5 4
Chula Vista ............................................... 8 12 12 10
Coronado .................................................. 1 2 1 1
CSU San Diego ........................................ 4 4 4 1
CSU San Marcos ...................................... 3 3 3 0
El Cajon .................................................... 2 2 2 2
Encinitas ................................................... 2 2 2 2
Escondido ................................................. 1 1 1 1
Lemon Grove ........................................... 1 1 1 1
National City ............................................. 4 5 5 2
Oceanside ................................................ 14 15 14 17
San Diego ................................................. 57 71 68 61
San Diego Community College District .... 3 3 3 0
San Diego Harbor ..................................... 1 1 1 1
San Marcos .............................................. 6 6 6 3
Solana Beach ........................................... 1 1 1 0
Vista ......................................................... 2 2 2 1
(continued)

Table 6 - continued
HATE CRIMES, 2023

San Francisco County ................................. 64 80 80 65
San Francisco .......................................... 61 77 77 65
San Francisco State University ................ 2 2 2 0
UC San Francisco .................................... 1 1 1 0
San Joaquin County .................................... 26 33 33 39
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 3 3 3 2
Lathrop ..................................................... 3 3 3 4
Manteca .................................................... 6 7 7 13
Stockton ................................................... 9 14 14 10
Tracy ........................................................ 5 6 6 10
San Luis Obispo County ............................. 13 15 15 16
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 3 3 3 2
Atascadero ............................................... 1 1 1 2
Grover Beach ........................................... 1 1 1 1
Morro Bay ................................................. 1 1 1 1
Paso Robles ............................................. 1 2 2 1
San Luis Obispo ....................................... 6 7 7 9
San Mateo County ...................................... 44 52 50 42
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 8 8 8 9
Atherton .................................................... 3 3 3 1
Belmont .................................................... 2 2 2 0
Broadmoor ............................................... 1 3 3 1
Burlingame ............................................... 2 2 2 1
Colma ....................................................... 1 1 1 2
Daly City ................................................... 1 2 2 0
East Palo Alto ........................................... 3 4 3 2
Foster City ................................................ 2 2 2 3
Menlo Park ............................................... 8 11 10 8
Pacifica ..................................................... 1 1 1 2
Redwood City ........................................... 7 7 7 6
San Bruno ................................................ 1 1 1 1
San Mateo ................................................ 1 1 1 0
South San Francisco ................................ 3 4 4 6
Santa Barbara County ................................. 17 22 22 19
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 2 3 3 2
Goleta ....................................................... 1 3 3 4
Lompoc .................................................... 1 1 1 0
Santa Barbara .......................................... 5 7 7 5
Santa Maria .............................................. 7 7 7 7
UC Santa Barbara .................................... 1 1 1 1
Santa Clara County ..................................... 165 191 186 154
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 17 17 17 16
Campbell .................................................. 6 6 6 2
CSU San Jose .......................................... 4 4 4 4
Cupertino .................................................. 2 2 2 1
Gilroy ........................................................ 7 7 7 12
Los Altos ................................................... 2 2 2 0
(continued)

Table 6 - continued
HATE CRIMES, 2023

Santa Clara County (continued) ..................
Los Gatos ................................................. 1 1 1 1
Milpitas ..................................................... 1 3 3 0
Mountain View .......................................... 14 16 15 26
Palo Alto ................................................... 10 12 12 6
San Jose .................................................. 55 66 65 69
Santa Clara .............................................. 4 6 5 7
Santa Clara Transit District ...................... 1 2 2 1
Saratoga ................................................... 5 7 6 2
Sunnyvale ................................................. 36 40 39 7
Santa Cruz County ...................................... 29 31 30 20
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 8 9 9 4
Capitola .................................................... 3 4 3 3
Santa Cruz ............................................... 12 12 12 10
Scotts Valley ............................................. 5 5 5 3
UC Santa Cruz ......................................... 1 1 1 0
Shasta County ............................................. 13 15 15 12
Anderson .................................................. 2 2 2 1
Redding .................................................... 11 13 13 11
Sierra County .............................................. 0 0 0 0
Siskiyou County .......................................... 2 2 2 2
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 1 1 1 1
Weed ........................................................ 1 1 1 1
Solano County ............................................. 34 43 41 25
Benicia ...................................................... 1 1 1 0
Fairfield ..................................................... 12 16 15 10
Rio Vista ................................................... 1 1 1 1
Suisun City ............................................... 4 7 7 4
Vacaville ................................................... 5 6 6 3
Vallejo ....................................................... 11 12 11 7
Sonoma County .......................................... 21 25 24 6
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 1 1 1 1
Cotati ........................................................ 2 2 2 0
CSU Sonoma ........................................... 2 2 2 0
Petaluma .................................................. 6 7 7 2
Santa Rosa ............................................... 7 10 9 1
Sebastopol ............................................... 1 1 1 2
Sonoma .................................................... 1 1 1 0
Windsor .................................................... 1 1 1 0
Stanislaus County ....................................... 19 24 24 17
Ceres ........................................................ 3 3 3 1
CSU Stanislaus ........................................ 1 1 1 0
Modesto .................................................... 7 10 10 8
Newman ................................................... 1 2 2 2
Oakdale .................................................... 5 5 5 4
Turlock ..................................................... 2 3 3 2
(continued)

Table 6 - continued
HATE CRIMES, 2023

Sutter County .............................................. 3 3 3 1
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 2 2 2 1
Yuba City .................................................. 1 1 1 0
Tehama County .......................................... 1 1 1 0
Red Bluff ................................................... 1 1 1 0
Trinity County .............................................. 0 0 0 0
Tulare County .............................................. 17 20 19 13
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 9 9 9 9
College of the Sequoias ........................... 1 1 1 1
Porterville ................................................. 2 2 2 0
Visalia ....................................................... 5 8 7 3
Tuolumne County ........................................ 2 2 2 2
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 1 1 1 1
Sonora ...................................................... 1 1 1 1
Ventura County ........................................... 43 53 53 53
Sheriff's Dept ............................................ 4 4 4 4
Camarillo .................................................. 4 5 5 7
CSU Channel Islands ............................... 1 1 1 1
Fillmore ..................................................... 2 2 2 12
Moorpark .................................................. 1 1 1 3
Oxnard ...................................................... 4 6 6 4
Simi Valley ................................................ 7 8 8 4
Thousand Oaks ........................................ 6 7 7 6
Ventura ..................................................... 14 19 19 12
Yolo County ................................................. 10 13 11 6
Davis ........................................................ 8 11 9 6
UC Davis .................................................. 1 1 1 0
Woodland ................................................. 1 1 1 0
Yuba County ............................................... 0 0 0 0
California Highway Patrol ............................ 2 2 2 2
Marin ........................................................ 1 1 1 1
Temecula ................................................. 1 1 1 1
Multiple Bias Total ......................................... 54 90 79 51
Notes: Not all agencies reported hate crime data in 2023. Please see Understanding the Data,

Table 7A
HATE CRIME PROSECUTORIAL SURVEY RESPONSES, 2023
Number of Cases Referred to Prosecutors by Law Enforcement, Rejections, and Filings by Type
Type of case filing
Hate crime
Cases Criminal case Cases filed as
cases referred Cases filed as
Type of prosecuting attorney rejected filings1 non-bias
to prosecutors hate crimes
motivated crimes
Number Number Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Total.................................... 679 224 463 100.0 322 69.5 141 30.5
County District Attorneys... 537 150 413 100.0 307 74.3 106 25.7
Elected City Attorneys....... 142 74 50 100.0 15 30.0 35 70.0
Note: Hate Crime Prosecution Survey is conducted by the Criminal Justice Statistics Center in January following the reporting year.
1
Multiple criminal case filings can result from individual cases referred so total filings and cases rejected can exceed total referred.
Table 7B
Number of Hate Crime Case Dispositions
Hate crime Hate crime convictions
Type of prosecuting All other Total hate crime
cases with Not convicted Guilty plea/
attorney convictions convictions Trial verdict
dispositions nolo contendere
Total..................................... 120 100.0 15 12.5 43 35.8 62 51.7 57 91.9 5 8.1
County District Attorneys... 116 100.0 14 12.1 43 37.1 59 50.9 55 93.2 4 6.8
Elected City Attorneys........ 4 100.0 1 25.0 0 0.0 3 75.0 2 66.7 1 33.3
Note: Hate Crime Prosecution Survey is conducted by the Criminal Justice Statistics Center in January following the reporting year.

Table 8
Number of Cases Referred to Prosecutors and Type of Filing by Agency
Total hate Total cases Total cases filed as
Agency crime cases filed as hate non-bias motivated
referred crimes crimes
Total................................................................. 679 322 141
County District Attorneys.................................. 537 307 106
Alameda....................................................... 45 22 14
Alpine........................................................... 0 0 0
Amador......................................................... 0 0 0
Butte............................................................. 5 3 0
Calaveras..................................................... 1 0 0
Colusa.......................................................... 1 1 0
Contra Costa................................................ 16 4 3
Del Norte...................................................... 0 0 0
El Dorado..................................................... 1 0 1
Fresno.......................................................... 11 3 3
Glenn.........…................…............................ 0 0 0
Humboldt...................................................... 6 2 2
Imperial......................................................... 0 0 0
Inyo.............................................................. 0 0 0
Kern.............................................................. 10 6 3
Kings............................................................ 9 9 0
Lake............................................................. 2 0 0
Lassen.......................................................... 0 0 0
Los Angeles.................................................. 98 77 0
Madera......................................................... 1 0 0
Marin............................................................ 8 0 3
Mariposa....................................................... 0 0 0
Mendocino.................................................... 3 2 0
Merced......................................................... 0 0 0
Modoc........................................................... 0 0 0
Mono............................................................ 0 0 0
Monterey...................................................... 4 3 1
Napa............................................................. 0 0 0
Nevada......................................................... 0 0 0
Orange......................................................... 34 16 3
Placer........................................................... 10 4 0
Plumas......................................................... 0 0 0
Riverside...................................................... 34 14 12
Sacramento.................................................. 34 4 22
San Benito.................................................... 1 1 0
(continued)

Table 8 - continued
Number of Cases Referred to Prosecutors and Type of Filing by Agency
Total hate Total cases Total cases filed as
Agency crime cases filed as hate non-bias motivated
referred crimes crimes
San Bernardino............................................... 9 8 1
San Diego....................................................... 46 30 9
San Francisco................................................ 21 20 0
San Joaquin................................................... 13 11 2
San Luis Obispo............................................. 11 6 2
San Mateo...................................................... 6 3 3
Santa Barbara................................................ 10 10 2
Santa Clara.................................................... 32 20 7
Santa Cruz………………………..................... 11 4 3
Shasta............................................................ 6 3 3
Sierra.............................................................. 0 0 0
Siskiyou.......................................................... 0 0 0
Solano............................................................ 2 0 0
Sonoma.......................................................... 7 0 2
Stanislaus....................................................... 8 8 0
Sutter.............................................................. 0 0 0
Tehama.......................................................... 0 0 0
Trinity............................................................. 0 0 0
Tulare............................................................. 2 2 0
Tuolumne....................................................... 1 1 0
Ventura........................................................... 12 8 2
Yolo................................................................ 6 2 3
Yuba............................................................... 0 0 0
Elected City Attorneys...................................... 142 15 35

Long Beach.................................................... 0 0 0
Los Angeles.................................................... 132 5 35
Redondo Beach.............................................. 0 0 0
San Diego....................................................... 10 10 0
San Rafael...................................................... 0 0 0
Notes: Hate Crime Prosecution Survey is conducted by the Criminal Justice Statistics Center in January following
the reporting year.
The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of
cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by
law enforcement agencies.

Table 9
Number of Dispositions of Hate Crime Cases Reported by Agency
Convictions
Hate crime convictions
Total Not
Agency Total Guilty plea/ All other
dispositions convicted Trial
convictions Total nolo convictions
verdict
contendere
Total........................................ 120 15 105 62 57 5 43
County District Attorneys....... 116 14 102 59 55 4 43
Alameda.............................. 9 2 7 2 2 0 5
Alpine.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Amador............................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Butte................................... 2 1 1 1 1 0 0
Calaveras............................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Colusa................................ 2 0 2 1 1 0 1
Contra Costa....................... 2 0 2 1 1 0 1
Del Norte............................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
El Dorado............................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fresno................................ 4 1 3 0 0 0 3
Glenn.........…................…... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Humboldt............................ 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Imperial............................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inyo..................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kern.................................... 4 0 4 0 0 0 4
Kings................................... 4 0 4 4 3 1 0
Lake.................................... 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Lassen................................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Los Angeles........................ 22 6 16 12 11 1 4
Madera............................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Marin................................... 2 0 2 2 1 1 0
Mariposa............................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mendocino.......................... 2 0 2 0 0 0 2
Merced................................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Modoc................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mono................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Monterey............................. 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
Napa................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nevada............................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Orange................................ 6 1 5 4 4 0 1
Placer................................. 2 1 1 1 1 0 0
Plumas................................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Riverside............................. 8 0 8 4 4 0 4
Sacramento........................ 2 0 2 2 2 0 0
San Benito.......................... 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
San Bernardino................... 6 0 6 6 6 0 0
San Diego........................... 8 0 8 6 6 0 2
San Francisco..................... 8 0 8 2 2 0 6
San Joaquin........................ 3 0 3 0 0 0 3
San Luis Obispo.................. 4 0 4 3 3 0 1
San Mateo.......................... 2 0 2 1 1 0 1
Santa Barbara..................... 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
Santa Clara......................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Santa Cruz…………………… 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shasta................................ 3 0 3 1 1 0 2
Sierra.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Siskiyou.............................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Solano................................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sonoma.............................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stanislaus........................... 2 0 2 2 1 1 0
(continued)

Table 9 - continued
Number of Dispositions of Hate Crime Cases Reported by Agency
Convictions
Total Not Hate crime convictions
Agency Total Guilty plea/ All other
dispositions convicted Trial
convictions Total nolo convictions
verdict
contendere
Sutter.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tehama............................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trinity.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tulare................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tuolumne............................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ventura............................... 3 1 2 2 2 0 0
Yolo.................................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yuba................................... 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Elected City Attorneys........... 4 1 3 3 2 1 0
Long Beach......................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Los Angeles........................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Redondo Beach.................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
San Diego........................... 4 1 3 3 2 1 0
San Rafael.......................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Notes: Hate Crime Prosecution Survey is conducted by the Criminal Justice Statistics Center in January following the reporting year.
The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted
in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies.

Table 10
HATE CRIME PROSECUTORIAL SURVEY RESPONSES, 2014-2023
Number of Complaints Filed as Hate Crimes and Total Convictions by Type of Prosecuting Attorney
Total County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys
Year Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total
filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions
2023…………… 322 105 307 102 15 3
2022…………… 282 109 271 103 11 6
2021…………… 285 109 273 106 12 3
2020…………… 219 95 209 92 10 3
2019.................. 200 82 185 73 15 9
2018.................. 228 100 221 96 7 4
2017.................. 195 113 186 107 9 6
2016…………… 173 96 162 88 11 8
2015…………… 189 119 181 109 8 10
2014a................. 148 99 139 92 9 7
Percent change in number
2022 to 2023.... 14.2 -3.7 13.3 -1.0 - -
2014 to 2023.... 117.6 6.1 120.9 10.9 - -
Notes: Hate Crime Prosecution Survey is conducted by the Criminal Justice Statistics Center in January following the reporting year.
The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in
hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies.
Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number is less than 50.
a
Glenn County District Attorney did not report data for 2014.

Table 11
HATE CRIMES, 2014-2023
Events by Bias Motivation
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023* Percent change
Bias motivation
2014- 2022-
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
2023 2023
Total................................................................ 758 100.0 837 100.0 931 100.0 1,093 100.0 1,066 100.0 1,015 100.0 1,330 100.0 1,763 100.0 2,120 100.0 1,970 100.0 159.9 -7.1
Single-bias total............................................. 754 99.5 837 100.0 928 99.7 1,092 99.9 1,064 99.8 1,013 99.8 1,327 99.8 1,752 99.4 2,088 98.5 1,916 97.3 154.1 -8.2
Race/ethnicity/national origin....................... 412 54.4 428 51.1 519 55.7 602 55.1 594 55.7 523 51.5 875 65.8 1,165 66.1 1,298 61.2 1,017 51.6 146.8 -21.6
Anti-white.................................................. 28 3.7 34 4.1 56 6.0 47 4.3 48 4.5 39 3.8 82 6.2 83 4.7 103 4.9 53 2.7 - -48.5
Anti-Black or African American.................. 238 31.4 231 27.6 251 27.0 302 27.6 276 25.9 243 23.9 456 34.3 513 29.1 652 30.8 518 26.3 117.6 -20.6
Anti-Hispanic or Latino.............................. 60 7.9 81 9.7 83 8.9 126 11.5 149 14.0 110 10.8 152 11.4 197 11.2 210 9.9 199 10.1 231.7 -5.2
Alaskan native......................................... 2 0.3 2 0.2 9 1.0 5 0.5 2 0.2 1 0.1 2 0.2 2 0.1 6 0.3 3 0.2 - -
Anti-Asian.................................................. 19 2.5 19 2.3 22 2.4 37 3.4 34 3.2 43 4.2 89 6.7 247 14.0 140 6.6 125 6.3 - -10.7
Anti-Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander1... - - 1 0.1 5 0.5 3 0.3 3 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 - -
2
Anti-Arab ................................................... 12 1.6 12 1.4 19 2.0 15 1.4 16 1.5 20 2.0 10 0.8 20 1.1 22 1.0 22 1.1 - -
Anti-multiple races (group)........................ 14 1.8 17 2.0 34 3.7 22 2.0 23 2.2 26 2.6 25 1.9 33 1.9 56 2.6 41 2.1 - -26.8
2
national origin ......................................... 37 4.9 30 3.6 37 4.0 42 3.8 31 2.9 32 3.2 44 3.3 55 3.1 96 4.5 48 2.4 - -50.0
Anti-citizenship status............................... 2 0.3 1 0.1 3 0.3 3 0.3 12 1.1 9 0.9 15 1.1 14 0.8 13 0.6 8 0.4 - -
Religion........................................................ 127 16.8 190 22.7 171 18.4 207 18.9 201 18.9 208 20.5 180 13.5 218 12.4 303 14.3 394 20.0 210.2 30.0
Anti-Jewish................................................ 80 10.6 97 11.6 82 8.8 104 9.5 126 11.8 141 13.9 115 8.6 152 8.6 189 8.9 289 14.7 261.3 52.9
Anti-Catholic.............................................. 5 0.7 11 1.3 12 1.3 20 1.8 10 0.9 7 0.7 6 0.5 16 0.9 20 0.9 15 0.8 - -
Anti-Protestant.......................................... 2 0.3 3 0.4 2 0.2 7 0.6 1 0.1 1 0.1 3 0.2 2 0.1 12 0.6 1 0.1 - -
Anti-Islamic (Muslim)................................. 18 2.4 40 4.8 37 4.0 46 4.2 28 2.6 25 2.5 15 1.1 18 1.0 25 1.2 40 2.0 - -
Anti-Sikh.................................................... 2 0.3 0 0.0 1 0.1 5 0.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 4 0.3 0 0.0 4 0.2 5 0.3 - -
Anti-multiple religions (group)................... 2 0.3 9 1.1 4 0.4 3 0.3 5 0.5 7 0.7 2 0.2 5 0.3 4 0.2 4 0.2 - -
Anti-other religion...................................... 18 2.4 29 3.5 33 3.5 22 2.0 30 2.8 27 2.7 35 2.6 25 1.4 48 2.3 40 2.0 - -
Anti-atheism/
agnosticism/etc........................................ 0 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0 0 0.0 - -
Sexual orientation........................................ 187 24.7 188 22.5 207 22.2 246 22.5 238 22.3 233 23.0 205 15.4 303 17.2 391 18.4 405 20.6 116.6 3.6
Anti-gay (male).......................................... 78 10.3 108 12.9 152 16.3 172 15.7 169 15.9 172 16.9 162 12.2 211 12.0 271 12.8 231 11.7 196.2 -14.8
Anti-lesbian............................................... 27 3.6 25 3.0 18 1.9 20 1.8 24 2.3 22 2.2 18 1.4 27 1.5 33 1.6 17 0.9 - -
Anti-LGBTQ+3…......................................... 79 10.4 48 5.7 32 3.4 45 4.1 41 3.8 35 3.4 21 1.6 61 3.5 81 3.8 151 7.7 91.1 86.4
Anti-heterosexual...................................... 1 0.1 3 0.4 4 0.4 6 0.5 1 0.1 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.1 0 0.0 - -
Anti-bisexual.............................................. 2 0.3 4 0.5 1 0.1 3 0.3 3 0.3 3 0.3 4 0.3 4 0.2 4 0.2 6 0.3 - -
Physical/mental disability............................. 4 0.5 4 0.5 2 0.2 4 0.4 7 0.7 10 1.0 5 0.4 12 0.7 12 0.6 18 0.9 - -
Anti-physical disability............................... 2 0.3 4 0.5 2 0.2 2 0.2 3 0.3 6 0.6 4 0.3 6 0.3 7 0.3 12 0.6 - -
Anti-mental disability................................. 2 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.2 4 0.4 4 0.4 1 0.1 6 0.3 5 0.2 6 0.3 - -
Gender......................................................... 24 3.2 27 3.2 29 3.1 33 3.0 24 2.3 39 3.8 62 4.7 54 3.1 84 4.0 82 4.2 - -2.4
Anti-male................................................... 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 - -
Anti-female................................................ 2 0.3 1 0.1 1 0.1 4 0.4 4 0.4 7 0.7 3 0.2 8 0.5 11 0.5 4 0.2 - -
Anti-transgender........................................ 22 2.9 24 2.9 25 2.7 27 2.5 19 1.8 29 2.9 54 4.1 38 2.2 59 2.8 65 3.3 - 10.2
Anti-gender nonconforming........................ 0 0.0 2 0.2 2 0.2 2 0.2 1 0.1 3 0.3 5 0.4 7 0.4 12 0.6 11 0.6 - -
Multiple-bias total........................................... 4 0.5 0 0.0 3 0.3 1 0.1 2 0.2 2 0.2 3 0.2 11 0.6 32 1.5 54 2.7 - -
Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number is less than 50, or that no data were reported.
*Caution should be used when comparing 2023 hate crime data to prior years. Not all agencies were able to submit a full year of data for 2023. See Understanding the Data, Characteristics and Known Limitations for additional information.
1
Reporting of anti-Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander began in 2015.
2
Data do not match previously published reports due to the separation in 2016 of anti-Arab bias type from anti-other ethnicity/national origin bias type.
3

29
Table 12
Offenses by Bias Motivation
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023* Percent change
Bias motivation
2014- 2022-
2023 2023
Total................................................................ 979 100.0 1,057 100.0 1,190 100.0 1,315 100.0 1,268 100.0 1,261 100.0 1,563 100.0 2,221 100.0 2,589 100.0 2,359 100.0 141.0 -8.9
Single-bias total............................................. 966 98.7 1,057 100.0 1,184 99.5 1,311 99.7 1,264 99.7 1,254 99.4 1,557 99.6 2,203 99.2 2,549 98.5 2,269 96.2 134.9 -11.0
Race/ethnicity/national origin....................... 551 56.3 560 53.0 672 56.5 742 56.4 725 57.2 665 52.7 1,053 67.4 1,454 65.5 1,589 61.4 1,228 52.1 122.9 -22.7

Anti-white.................................................. 40 4.1 42 4.0 75 6.3 54 4.1 58 4.6 41 3.3 96 6.1 102 4.6 123 4.8 58 2.5 - -52.8
Anti-Black or African American................ 312 31.9 300 28.4 333 28.0 363 27.6 346 27.3 297 23.6 522 33.4 597 26.9 778 30.1 609 25.8 95.2 -21.7
Anti-Hispanic or Latino............................. 80 8.2 106 10.0 114 9.6 159 12.1 178 14.0 154 12.2 204 13.1 275 12.4 280 10.8 265 11.2 231.3 -5.4
Alaskan native........................................ 3 0.3 2 0.2 10 0.8 6 0.5 2 0.2 1 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 7 0.3 4 0.2 - -
Anti-Asian................................................. 26 2.7 27 2.6 34 2.9 51 3.9 40 3.2 58 4.6 107 6.8 302 13.6 172 6.6 145 6.1 - -15.7
Anti-Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander1.. - - 1 0.1 5 0.4 4 0.3 3 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 - -
Anti-Arab2.................................................. 16 1.6 17 1.6 19 1.6 23 1.7 20 1.6 31 2.5 12 0.8 28 1.3 24 0.9 33 1.4 - -
Anti-multiple races (group)....................... 27 2.8 21 2.0 40 3.4 32 2.4 27 2.1 36 2.9 35 2.2 46 2.1 72 2.8 53 2.2 - -26.4
national origin2........................................ 45 4.6 43 4.1 38 3.2 46 3.5 34 2.7 38 3.0 55 3.5 63 2.8 118 4.6 52 2.2 - -55.9
Anti-citizenship status............................... 2 0.2 1 0.1 4 0.3 4 0.3 17 1.3 9 0.7 20 1.3 38 1.7 15 0.6 9 0.4 - -
Religion........................................................ 144 14.7 219 20.7 232 19.5 235 17.9 222 17.5 267 21.2 193 12.3 300 13.5 365 14.1 453 19.2 214.6 24.1
Anti-Jewish............................................... 85 8.7 109 10.3 137 11.5 115 8.7 136 10.7 165 13.1 122 7.8 227 10.2 228 8.8 321 13.6 277.6 40.8
Anti-Catholic............................................. 5 0.5 14 1.3 13 1.1 20 1.5 11 0.9 7 0.6 6 0.4 17 0.8 23 0.9 19 0.8 - -
Anti-Protestant.......................................... 2 0.2 3 0.3 3 0.3 7 0.5 1 0.1 1 0.1 3 0.2 2 0.1 12 0.5 1 0.0 - -
Anti-Islamic (Muslim)................................ 22 2.2 51 4.8 40 3.4 54 4.1 35 2.8 49 3.9 20 1.3 21 0.9 33 1.3 54 2.3 - -
Anti-Sikh.................................................... 4 0.4 0 0.0 1 0.1 9 0.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 5 0.3 0 0.0 5 0.2 6 0.3 - -
Anti-multiple religions (group)................... 2 0.2 9 0.9 4 0.3 4 0.3 5 0.4 7 0.6 2 0.1 5 0.2 5 0.2 4 0.2 - -
Anti-other religion..................................... 24 2.5 32 3.0 34 2.9 26 2.0 32 2.5 38 3.0 35 2.2 28 1.3 58 2.2 48 2.0 - -17.2
Anti-atheism/agnosticism/etc................... 0 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0 0 0.0 - -
Sexual orientation........................................ 240 24.5 242 22.9 248 20.8 292 22.2 280 22.1 263 20.9 235 15.0 373 16.8 482 18.6 476 20.2 98.3 -1.2
Anti-gay (male)......................................... 91 9.3 142 13.4 180 15.1 200 15.2 204 16.1 198 15.7 182 11.6 251 11.3 323 12.5 265 11.2 191.2 -18.0
Anti-lesbian............................................... 44 4.5 35 3.3 24 2.0 23 1.7 29 2.3 25 2.0 21 1.3 31 1.4 43 1.7 21 0.9 - -
Anti-LGBTQ+3…........................................ 102 10.4 57 5.4 38 3.2 57 4.3 43 3.4 36 2.9 28 1.8 86 3.9 109 4.2 182 7.7 78.4 67.0
Anti-heterosexual..................................... 1 0.1 3 0.3 5 0.4 9 0.7 1 0.1 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.1 0 0.0 - -
Anti-bisexual............................................. 2 0.2 5 0.5 1 0.1 3 0.2 3 0.2 3 0.2 4 0.3 5 0.2 5 0.2 8 0.3 - -
Physical/mental disability............................ 4 0.4 8 0.8 2 0.2 5 0.4 8 0.6 10 0.8 5 0.3 14 0.6 13 0.5 19 0.8 - -
Anti-physical disability.............................. 2 0.2 8 0.8 2 0.2 2 0.2 4 0.3 6 0.5 4 0.3 6 0.3 8 0.3 13 0.6 - -
Anti-mental disability................................. 2 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 3 0.2 4 0.3 4 0.3 1 0.1 8 0.4 5 0.2 6 0.3 - -
Gender......................................................... 27 2.8 28 2.6 30 2.5 37 2.8 29 2.3 49 3.9 71 4.5 62 2.8 100 3.9 93 3.9 - -7.0
Anti-male.................................................. 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0 4 0.2 2 0.1 - -
Anti-female............................................... 2 0.2 2 0.2 1 0.1 4 0.3 5 0.4 9 0.7 3 0.2 8 0.4 13 0.5 4 0.2 - -
Anti-transgender....................................... 25 2.6 24 2.3 25 2.1 31 2.4 22 1.7 36 2.9 62 4.0 46 2.1 69 2.7 76 3.2 - 10.1
Anti-gender nonconforming....................... 0 0.0 2 0.2 2 0.2 2 0.2 2 0.2 4 0.3 6 0.4 7 0.3 14 0.5 11 0.5 - -
Multiple-bias total........................................... 13 1.3 0 0.0 6 0.5 4 0.3 4 0.3 7 0.6 6 0.4 18 0.8 40 1.5 90 3.8 - -
1
Reporting of anti-Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander began in 2015.
2
3
Table 13
Offenses by Type of Crime
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023* Percent change
Type of crime
2014- 2022-
2023 2023
Total................................................. 979 100.0 1,057 100.0 1,190 100.0 1,315 100.0 1,268 100.0 1,261 100.0 1,563 100.0 2,221 100.0 2,589 100.0 2,359 100.0 141.0 -8.9
Single-bias total............................... 966 98.7 1,057 100.0 1,184 99.5 1,311 99.7 1,264 99.7 1,254 99.4 1,557 99.6 2,203 99.2 2,549 98.5 2,269 96.2 134.9 -11.0
Violent crimes................................ 653 66.7 727 68.8 767 64.5 860 65.4 838 66.1 864 68.5 1,088 69.6 1,604 72.2 1,790 69.1 1,477 62.6 126.2 -17.5
Murder........................................ 1 0.1 3 0.3 0 0.0 3 0.2 0 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 3 0.1 2 0.1 - -
Rape........................................... 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 1 0.1 3 0.2 3 0.2 6 0.3 3 0.1 1 0.0 - -
Robbery...................................... 31 3.2 29 2.7 32 2.7 55 4.2 39 3.1 40 3.2 51 3.3 54 2.4 81 3.1 61 2.6 - -24.7
Aggravated assault..................... 185 18.9 212 20.1 189 15.9 242 18.4 239 18.8 290 23.0 327 20.9 511 23.0 507 19.6 426 18.1 130.3 -16.0
Simple assault............................ 201 20.5 237 22.4 237 19.9 259 19.7 286 22.6 270 21.4 358 22.9 499 22.5 602 23.3 468 19.8 132.8 -22.3
Intimidation................................. 235 24.0 246 23.3 308 25.9 301 22.9 273 21.5 260 20.6 349 22.3 532 24.0 588 22.7 509 21.6 116.6 -13.4
Fondling1…………………….. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 0.1 1 0.0 3 0.1 - -
Kidnapping/abduction1……………… - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 0.2 5 0.2 - -
Sexual assault with an object1……… - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0.0 - -
Sodomy1………………………. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0.0 - -
Property crimes............................. 313 32.0 330 31.2 417 35.0 451 34.3 426 33.6 390 30.9 469 30.0 599 27.0 759 29.3 792 33.6 153.0 4.3
Burglary...................................... 12 1.2 11 1.0 16 1.3 18 1.4 8 0.6 12 1.0 13 0.8 14 0.6 13 0.5 22 0.9 - -
Larceny-theft............................... 7 0.7 3 0.3 7 0.6 6 0.5 11 0.9 5 0.4 9 0.6 19 0.9 19 0.7 27 1.1 - -
Motor vehicle theft....................... 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.2 0 0.0 4 0.3 1 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 1 0.0 - -
Arson.......................................... 5 0.5 5 0.5 19 1.6 15 1.1 12 0.9 11 0.9 16 1.0 12 0.5 15 0.6 8 0.3 - -
Destruction/vandalism................. 289 29.5 311 29.4 373 31.3 412 31.3 391 30.8 361 28.6 429 27.4 550 24.8 699 27.0 721 30.6 149.5 3.1
False pretense/swindle1………. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0.0 2 0.1 0 0.0 - -
Counterfeiting/forgery1……….. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0.0 - -
Extortion/blackmail1…………. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0.0 - -
Impersonation1……………………. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0.0 - -
Weapons law violation1……….. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0.0 8 0.3 7 0.3 - -
Hacking/computer invasion1……… - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0.0 0 0.0 - -
Drug equipment violations1……… - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0.0 - -
Drug/narcotic violation1…………… - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0.0 - -
Pornography/obscene material1… - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 0.0 - -
Multiple-bias total............................. 13 1.3 0 0.0 6 0.5 4 0.3 4 0.3 7 0.6 6 0.4 18 0.8 40 1.5 90 3.8 - -
1
New category added in 2021 due to the implementation of incident based reporting. See Understanding the Data, Characteristics and Known Limitations for additional information.

31
Table 14
Offenses by Location
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023* Percent change
Location
2014- 2022-
2023 2023
Total.......................................................... 979 100.0 1,057 100.0 1,190 100.0 1,315 100.0 1,268 100.0 1,261 100.0 1,563 100.0 2,221 100.0 2,589 100.0 2,359 100.0 141.0 -8.9
Single-bias total........................................ 966 98.7 1,057 100.0 1,184 99.5 1,311 99.7 1,264 99.7 1,254 99.4 1,557 99.6 2,203 99.2 2,549 98.5 2,269 96.2 134.9 -11.0
Abandoned/condemned structure........... 0 0.0 1 0.1 2 0.2 0 0.0 1 0.1 1 0.1 4 0.3 1 0.0 2 0.1 1 0.0 - -
Air/bus/train terminal.............................. 32 3.3 32 3.0 33 2.8 20 1.5 35 2.8 30 2.4 42 2.7 63 2.8 52 2.0 66 2.8 - 26.9
Amusement park..................................... 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0 3 0.1 - -

Arena/stadium/fairgrounds/coliseum....... 5 0.5 0 0.0 2 0.2 3 0.2 2 0.2 3 0.2 3 0.2 2 0.1 6 0.2 1 0.0 - -
Bank/savings and loan........................... 0 0.0 1 0.1 1 0.1 1 0.1 2 0.2 6 0.5 3 0.2 2 0.1 2 0.1 8 0.3 - -
Bar/night club......................................... 9 0.9 23 2.2 19 1.6 17 1.3 13 1.0 18 1.4 6 0.4 25 1.1 36 1.4 28 1.2 - -
Camp/campground.................................. 0 0.0 5 0.5 0 0.0 1 0.1 3 0.2 0 0.0 5 0.3 9 0.4 1 0.0 0 0.0 - -
Church/synagogue/temple..................... 36 3.7 63 6.0 65 5.5 77 5.9 54 4.3 83 6.6 47 3.0 113 5.1 111 4.3 93 3.9 - -16.2
Commercial/office building..................... 7 0.7 13 1.2 29 2.4 40 3.0 27 2.1 42 3.3 45 2.9 76 3.4 47 1.8 63 2.7 - -
Community center................................... 4 0.4 7 0.7 2 0.2 5 0.4 7 0.6 5 0.4 13 0.8 10 0.5 11 0.4 6 0.3 - -
Construction site.................................... 1 0.1 0 0.0 2 0.2 0 0.0 4 0.3 1 0.1 10 0.6 2 0.1 13 0.5 19 0.8 - -
Convenience store................................. 10 1.0 9 0.9 12 1.0 15 1.1 22 1.7 18 1.4 23 1.5 32 1.4 60 2.3 22 0.9 - -63.3
Daycare facility........................................ 1 0.1 6 0.6 1 0.1 2 0.2 0 0.0 2 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 6 0.2 0 0.0 - -
Department/discount store..................... 4 0.4 7 0.7 3 0.3 12 0.9 22 1.7 12 1.0 12 0.8 31 1.4 26 1.0 21 0.9 - -
Dock/wharf/freight/modal terminal........... 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.1 1 0.1 0 0.0 1 0.1 3 0.2 1 0.0 1 0.0 1 0.0 - -
Drug store/Dr.'s office/hospital............... 4 0.4 9 0.9 5 0.4 11 0.8 12 0.9 9 0.7 11 0.7 33 1.5 44 1.7 25 1.1 - -
Farm facility............................................. 0 0.0 2 0.2 0 0.0 1 0.1 4 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0 0 0.0 4 0.2 - -
Field/woods/park.................................... 5 0.5 5 0.5 7 0.6 12 0.9 10 0.8 13 1.0 5 0.3 4 0.2 10 0.4 8 0.3 - -
Gambling facility/casino/race track.......... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0 - -
Government/public building................... 15 1.5 7 0.7 15 1.3 7 0.5 21 1.7 20 1.6 15 1.0 21 0.9 29 1.1 32 1.4 - -
Grocery/supermarket............................. 11 1.1 14 1.3 15 1.3 14 1.1 20 1.6 17 1.3 32 2.0 36 1.6 29 1.1 27 1.1 - -
Highway/road/alley/street....................... 264 27.0 283 26.8 252 21.2 305 23.2 342 27.0 343 27.2 443 28.3 607 27.3 588 22.7 523 22.2 98.1 -11.1
Hotel/motel/etc....................................... 4 0.4 6 0.6 3 0.3 9 0.7 24 1.9 5 0.4 23 1.5 16 0.7 28 1.1 14 0.6 - -
Industrial site........................................... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 3 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 3 0.2 4 0.2 1 0.0 0 0.0 - -
Jail/prison............................................... 15 1.5 16 1.5 33 2.8 12 0.9 14 1.1 26 2.1 11 0.7 22 1.0 20 0.8 26 1.1 - -
Lake/waterway/beach............................ 2 0.2 4 0.4 1 0.1 9 0.7 1 0.1 4 0.3 14 0.9 10 0.5 7 0.3 6 0.3 - -
Liquor store............................................ 3 0.3 7 0.7 5 0.4 7 0.5 2 0.2 11 0.9 15 1.0 13 0.6 7 0.3 19 0.8 - -
Park/playground...................................... 24 2.5 43 4.1 37 3.1 29 2.2 22 1.7 51 4.0 81 5.2 57 2.6 88 3.4 125 5.3 - 42.0
Parking lot/garage.................................. 90 9.2 67 6.3 70 5.9 102 7.8 83 6.5 100 7.9 145 9.3 147 6.6 186 7.2 164 7.0 82.2 -11.8
Rental storage facility............................. 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.1 0 0.0 2 0.2 2 0.2 0 0.0 1 0.0 3 0.1 2 0.1 - -
Residence/home/driveway..................... 261 26.7 285 27.0 316 26.6 320 24.3 280 22.1 237 18.8 347 22.2 424 19.1 617 23.8 473 20.1 81.2 -23.3
Rest area................................................. 1 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.1 1 0.1 1 0.1 0 0.0 1 0.0 1 0.0 1 0.0 - -
Restaurant.............................................. 27 2.8 24 2.3 15 1.3 52 4.0 61 4.8 37 2.9 56 3.6 117 5.3 77 3.0 74 3.1 - -3.9
School, college/university........................ 26 2.7 30 2.8 59 5.0 33 2.5 28 2.2 38 3.0 19 1.2 39 1.8 98 3.8 96 4.1 - -2.0
School, elementary/secondary................ 65 6.6 34 3.2 111 9.3 88 6.7 59 4.7 60 4.8 51 3.3 110 5.0 168 6.5 153 6.5 135.4 -8.9
Service/gas station................................. 4 0.4 9 0.9 8 0.7 13 1.0 15 1.2 12 1.0 11 0.7 23 1.0 27 1.0 13 0.6 - -
Shelter/mission/homeless....................... 1 0.1 1 0.1 7 0.6 1 0.1 4 0.3 4 0.3 2 0.1 3 0.1 6 0.2 8 0.3 - -
Shopping mall………….................……… 5 0.5 4 0.4 3 0.3 10 0.8 9 0.7 2 0.2 6 0.4 18 0.8 11 0.4 13 0.6 - -
Specialty store (TV, fur, etc.)................. 6 0.6 6 0.6 7 0.6 11 0.8 13 1.0 8 0.6 14 0.9 27 1.2 25 1.0 32 1.4 - -
Tribal lands.............................................. 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.1 0 0.0 1 0.0 0 0.0 - -
Other/unknown....................................... 23 2.3 34 3.2 42 3.5 67 5.1 44 3.5 32 2.5 35 2.2 101 4.5 103 4.0 98 4.2 - -4.9
Multiple-bias total...................................... 13 1.3 0 0.0 6 0.5 4 0.3 4 0.3 7 0.6 6 0.4 18 0.8 40 1.5 90 3.8 - -
Table 15
Events, Offenses, Victims, and Suspects
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023*
Events ................ 758 837 931 1,093 1,066 1,015 1,330 1,763 2,120 1,970
Offenses ............. 979 1,057 1,190 1,315 1,268 1,261 1,563 2,221 2,589 2,359
Victims ............... 943 1,041 1,145 1,270 1,237 1,247 1,536 2,180 2,474 2,303
Suspects ............ 799 838 982 1,013 1,093 967 1,171 1,654 2,031 1,844
*Caution should be used when comparing 2023 hate crime data to prior years. Not all agencies were able to submit a full year of data for
2023. See Understanding the Data, Characteristics and Known Limitations for additional information.
Table 16
Events by Location
Location 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023*
Total ................................................ 758 837 931 1,093 1,066 1,015 1,330 1,763 2,120 1,970
Church/synagogue/temple ............. 36 59 62 73 50 66 47 69 83 79
Highway/road/alley/street .............. 212 225 215 253 303 280 391 485 491 450
Parking lot/garage ......................... 70 51 61 81 70 77 121 125 153 147
Residence/home/driveway ............. 193 217 222 250 220 179 285 338 458 392
School, college/university .............. 22 26 53 32 28 28 19 23 82 85
School, elementary/secondary ...... 47 34 62 86 54 60 45 83 157 137
All other locations .......................... 178 225 256 318 341 325 422 640 696 680
*Caution should be used when comparing 2023 hate crime data to prior years. Not all agencies were able to submit a full year of data for 2023. See
Understanding the Data, Characteristics and Known Limitations for additional information.
Table 17
Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation
Bias motivation 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023*
Total ............................................... 754 837 928 1,092 1,064 1,013 1,327 1,752 2,088 1,916
Race/ethnicity/national origin ........ 412 428 519 602 594 523 875 1165 1298 1017
Religion ........................................ 127 190 171 207 201 208 180 218 303 394
Sexual orientation ......................... 187 188 207 246 238 233 205 303 391 405
Physical/mental disability .............. 4 4 2 4 7 10 5 12 12 18
Gender ......................................... 24 27 29 33 24 39 62 54 84 82

Table 18
Single-Bias Events by Race/Ethnicity/National Origin
Race/ethnicity/national origin 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023*
Total .............................................................. 412 428 519 602 594 523 875 1165 1298 1017
Anti-white .................................................... 28 34 56 47 48 39 82 83 103 53
Anti-Black or African American ................... 238 231 251 302 276 243 456 513 652 518
Anti-Hispanic or Latino ................................ 60 81 83 126 149 110 152 197 210 199
Anti-American Indian/Alaskan Native .......... 2 2 9 5 2 1 2 2 6 3
Anti-Asian .................................................... 19 19 22 37 34 43 89 247 140 125
Anti-Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander¹ .... - 1 5 3 3 0 0 1 0 0
Anti-Arab² .................................................... 12 12 19 15 16 20 10 20 22 22
Anti-multiple races (group) .......................... 14 17 34 22 23 26 25 33 56 41
Anti-other ethnicity/national origin ............... 37 30 37 42 31 32 44 55 96 48
Anti-citizenship status ................................. 2 1 3 3 12 9 15 14 13 8
1
Reporting of anti-Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander bias motivation began in 2015.
2
Table 19
Single-Bias Events by Religion
Religion 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023*
Total ............................................. 127 190 171 207 201 208 180 218 303 394
Anti-Jewish ................................. 80 97 82 104 126 141 115 152 189 289
Anti-Catholic ............................... 5 11 12 20 10 7 6 16 20 15
Anti-Protestant ........................... 2 3 2 7 1 1 3 2 12 1
Anti-Islamic (Muslim) .................. 18 40 37 46 28 25 15 18 25 40
Anti-Sikh ..................................... 2 0 1 5 0 0 4 0 4 5
Anti-multiple religions (group) ..... 2 9 4 3 5 7 2 5 4 4
Anti-other religion ....................... 18 29 33 22 30 27 35 25 48 40
Anti-atheism/agnosticism/etc ...... 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
*Caution should be used when comparing 2023 hate crime data to prior years. Not all agencies were able to submit a full year of data for
2023. See Understanding the Data, Characteristics and Known Limitations for additional information.
Table 20
Single-Bias Events by Sexual Orientation
Sexual orientation 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023*
Total.......................................... 187 188 207 246 238 233 205 303 391 405
Anti-gay (male)....................... 78 108 152 172 169 172 162 211 271 231
Anti-lesbian............................. 27 25 18 20 24 22 18 27 33 17
1
Anti-LGBTQ+ …...................... 79 48 32 45 41 35 21 61 81 151
Anti-heterosexual.................... 1 3 4 6 1 1 0 0 2 0
Anti-bisexual........................... 2 4 1 3 3 3 4 4 4 6
1

Table 21
Single-Bias Events by Gender
Gender 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023*
Total ........................................ 24 27 29 33 24 39 62 54 84 82
Anti-male .............................. 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 2
Anti-female ........................... 2 1 1 4 4 7 3 8 11 4
Anti-transgender ................... 22 24 25 27 19 29 54 38 59 65
Anti-gender nonconforming .. 0 2 2 2 1 3 5 7 12 11
*Caution should be used when comparing 2023 hate crime data to prior years. Not all agencies were able to submit a full year of data for 2023.
See Understanding the Data, Characteristics and Known Limitations for additional information.
Table 22
Single-Bias Offenses by Category
Category 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023*
Total ........................................ 966 1,057 1,184 1,311 1,264 1,254 1,557 2,203 2,549 2,269
Violent crime ......................... 653 727 767 860 838 864 1,088 1,604 1,790 1,477
Property crime ...................... 313 330 417 451 426 390 469 599 759 792
Table 23
Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Violent Crime
Violent crime 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023*
Total......................................... 653 727 767 860 838 864 1,088 1,604 1,790 1,477
Murder................................... 1 3 0 3 0 1 0 0 3 2
Rape...................................... 0 0 1 0 1 3 3 6 3 1
Robbery................................. 31 29 32 55 39 40 51 54 81 61
Aggravated assault................ 185 212 189 242 239 290 327 511 507 426
Simple assault....................... 201 237 237 259 286 270 358 499 602 468
Intimidation............................ 235 246 308 301 273 260 349 532 588 509
1
Fondling ……………………… - - - - - - - 2 1 3
1
Kidnapping/abduction ………… - - - - - - - - 5 5
1
Sexual assault with an object - - - - - - - - - 1
1
Sodomy ………………………. - - - - - - - - - 1
1
New category added in 2021 due to the implementation of incident based reporting. See Understanding the Data, Characteristics and
Known Limitations for additional information.

Table 24
Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Property Crime
Property crime 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023*
Total....................................................... 313 330 417 451 426 390 469 599 759 792
Burglary............................................... 12 11 16 18 8 12 13 14 13 22
Larceny-theft........................................ 7 3 7 6 11 5 9 19 19 27
Motor vehicle theft............................... 0 0 2 0 4 1 2 2 2 1
Arson................................................... 5 5 19 15 12 11 16 12 15 8
Destruction/vandalism......................... 289 311 373 412 391 361 429 550 699 721
False pretense/swindle1………………… - - - - - - - 1 2 0
1
Counterfeiting/forgery ………………… - - - - - - - - - 1
Extortion/blackmail1…………………… - - - - - - - - - 1
Impersonation1…………………………… - - - - - - - - - 1
Weapons law violation1………………… - - - - - - - 1 8 7
Hacking/computer invasion1…………… - - - - - - - - 1 0
1
Drug equipment violations …………… - - - - - - - - - 1
Drug/narcotic violations1……………… - - - - - - - - - 1
Pornography/obscene material1……… - - - - - - - - - 1
1
New category added in 2021 due to the implementation of incident based reporting. See Understanding the Data, Characteristics and
Known Limitations for additional information.

Appendix:
Glossary
Aggravated Assault – An unlawful attack by one person upon another wherein the offender uses
a dangerous weapon or displays it in a threatening manner or the victim suffers obvious severe or
aggravated bodily injury, or where there was a risk for serious injury/intent to seriously injure.
Ancestry Bias – A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of people based on their
common lineage or descent.
Bias – A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their race, ethnicity,
national origin, religion, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, or physical/mental disability.
Bisexual – (adjective) Of or relating to people who are physically, romantically, and/or emotionally
attracted to both men and women.
Case – A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a court. The case
may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more offenses. (For this report, the case
must contain some element of bias.)
Complaints Filed – Any verified written accusation, filed by a district attorney with a criminal court, that
charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more offenses. (For this report, the case
must contain some element of bias.)
Conviction – A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty plea or a nolo
contendere plea of the defendant.
Disability Bias – A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their
physical or mental impairments, whether such disability is temporary or permanent, congenital or
acquired by heredity, accident, injury, advanced age, or illness.
Disposition – In criminal procedure, the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal case.
Ethnic Bias – A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of people whose members
identify with each other, through a common heritage, often consisting of a common language, common
culture (often including a shared religion) and/or ideology that stresses common ancestry. The concept
of ethnicity differs from the closely related term race in that “race” refers to grouping based mostly upon
biological criteria, while “ethnicity” also encompasses additional cultural factors.
Event – An occurrence where a hate crime is involved. (In this report, the information about the event is
a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate crime.) There may be one or more
suspects involved, one or more victims targeted, and one or more offenses involved for each event.
Gay – (adjective) Of or relating to people who are physically, romantically, and/or emotionally attracted
to people of the same sex.

Gender Bias – (noun) A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a person or group of persons
based on their actual or perceived gender, i.e., male or female.
Gender Identity Bias – A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a person or group of
persons based on their actual or perceived gender identity, e.g., bias against transgender or gender
nonconforming individuals.
Gender Nonconforming – (adjective) Describes a person who does not conform to the gender-based
expectations of society, e.g., a woman dressed in traditionally male clothing or a man wearing makeup.
Guilty Plea – A defendant’s formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true and that he or she
is guilty of the crime charged.
Hate Crime – A criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an
offender’s bias(es) against a race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, gender, gender identity, sexual
orientation, or physical/mental disability.
Heterosexual – (adjective) Of or relating to people who are physically, romantically, and/or emotionally
attracted to people of the opposite sex.
Known Suspect – Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted criminal act to
cause physical injury, emotional suffering, or property damage. The known suspect category contains the
number of suspects that have been identified and/or alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in
the crime report. For example, witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime. The word
“known” does not necessarily refer to specific identities.
Lesbian – (adjective) Of or relating to women who are physically, romantically, and/or emotionally
attracted to other women.
LGBTQ+ – (noun) Common initialism for “lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer+,” used here to
refer to community organizations or events that serve lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and
allied people.
Location – The place where the hate crime event occurred. The location categories follow Uniform Crime
Reporting program location specifications developed by the FBI. Examples are residence, hotel, bar,
church, etc.
Mental Disability – Any mental impairment or psychological disorder such as organic brain syndrome,
emotional or mental illness, and specific learning disabilities (Americans with Disabilities Act).
Multi-Racial – A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect, and where the victims or
suspects are from two or more different race groups, such as African American and white or Hispanic
and Asian.
Nolo Contendere – A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not admit guilt but
agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if they were guilty.

Offenses – Criminal acts that are recorded as follows: murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault,
burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, arson, simple assault, fondling, kidnapping/abduction,
intimidation, destruction/vandalism, false pretense/swindle, hacking/computer invasion, weapons law
violation, sodomy, sexual assault with an object, extortion/blackmail, impersonation, drug equipment
violations, drug/narcotic violations, and pornography/obscene material as defined in the UCR and the
national Hate Crimes Statistics Report.
“Other” Values – Capture bias types not specifically called out in their respective categories.
Physical Disability – Any physical impairment; any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic
disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting one or more of the following body systems: neurological,
musculoskeletal, special sense organs, respiratory (including Version 3.0, 3/1/2022 10 speech organs),
cardiovascular, reproductive, digestive, genitourinary, hemic and lymphatic, skin, and endocrine.
(Americans with Disabilities Act)
Property Crimes – Burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, arson, destruction/vandalism,

false pretense/swindle, hacking/computer invasion, weapons law violation, extortion/blackmail,
impersonation, drug equipment violations, drug/narcotic violations, and pornography/obscene material
are reported as property crimes. (weapons law violation, drug equipment violations, drug/narcotic
violations, and pornography/obscene material are included in crimes against society in the FBI Hate
Crimes Statistics Report.)
Racial Bias – A preformed opinion or attitude that is generally negative toward a group of persons
who possess common physical characteristics (e.g., color of skin, eyes, and/or hair, facial features,
etc.) genetically transmitted by descent and heredity which distinguish them as a distinct division of
humankind.
Religious Bias – A preformed opinion or attitude that is generally negative toward a group of persons
who share the same religious beliefs.
Sexual-Orientation Bias – (noun) A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a person or group of
persons based on their actual or perceived sexual orientation.
Sexual-Orientation – (noun) The term for a person’s physical, romantic, and/or emotional attraction to
members of the same and/or opposite sex, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, and heterosexual (straight)
individuals.
Simple Assault – An unlawful physical attack by one person upon another where neither the offender
displays a dangerous weapon, nor the victim suffers obvious severe or aggravated bodily injury involving
apparent broken bones, loss of teeth, possible internal injury, severe laceration, or loss of consciousness.
Transgender – (adjective) Of or relating to a person who identifies as a different gender from their
gender as assigned at birth, including non-binary people.
Trial Verdict – The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to them for their
judgment.

Uniform Crime Reporting – A federal reporting system that provides data on crime, based on police
statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation. DOJ administers and forwards
the data for California to the federal program.
Victim – An individual, a business or financial institution, a religious organization, a government entity, or

other. For example, if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated, the victim would be a religious
organization.
Violent Crimes – Murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, kidnapping/abduction, simple assault,
fondling, intimidation, sodomy, and sexual assault with an object are considered violent crimes in this
report. (Robbery is included in crimes against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report.)

Acknowledgments
DOJ is mandated by California Penal Code section 13023 to submit an annual
Hate Crime in California report. The department extends its appreciation to all the
law enforcement agencies and attorney offices that provided complete and timely data.
This report would not have been possible without their cooperation.
California Department of Justice

California Justice Information Services Division
Justice Data & Investigative Services Bureau
Criminal Justice Statistics Center
P.O. Box 903427 • Sacramento, CA 94203-4270
https://openjustice.doj.ca.gov


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Hate Crime in California 1

2 Hate Crime in California

 Collect, analyze, and report statistical data that

 Examine these data on an ongoing basis to better

 Promote the responsible presentation and use of

CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

4 Hate Crime in California

Hate Crime in California 1

Of the 120 cases with a disposition available for this report:

2 Hate Crime in California

Hate Crime in California 3

4 Hate Crime in California

Del Norte County San Bernardino County

Hate Crime in California 5

6 Hate Crime in California

Table 1 Hate Crimes, 2023

Table 2 Hate Crimes, 2023

Table 3 Hate Crimes, 2023

Table 4 Hate Crimes, 2023

Table 5 Hate Crimes, 2023

Table 6 Hate Crimes, 2023

PROSECUTORIAL DATA, 2023

Table 7A Hate Crime Prosecutorial Survey Responses, 2023

Table 7B Hate Crime Prosecutorial Survey Responses, 2023

Table 8 Hate Crime Prosecutorial Survey Responses, 2023

Table 9 Hate Crime Prosecutorial Survey Responses, 2023

Table 10 Hate Crime Prosecutorial Survey Responses, 2014–2023

Hate Crime in California 7

Table 11 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 12 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 13 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 14 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 15 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 16 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 17 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 18 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 19 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 20 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 21 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 22 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 23 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Table 24 Hate Crimes, 2014–2023

Appendix Glossary ..............................................................................................................................37

8 Hate Crime in California

Hate Crime in California 9

10 Hate Crime in California

Hate Crime in California 11

12 Hate Crime in California

Hate Crime in California 13

County and jurisdiction Events Offenses Victims Suspects

14 Hate Crime in California

County and jurisdiction Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Hate Crime in California 15

County and jurisdiction Events Offenses Victims Suspects

16 Hate Crime in California

County and jurisdiction Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Hate Crime in California 17

County and jurisdiction Events Offenses Victims Suspects

18 Hate Crime in California

County and jurisdiction Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Hate Crime in California 19

County and jurisdiction Events Offenses Victims Suspects

20 Hate Crime in California