Aeronautical Telecommunications Manual

Camilo Andrés Giraldo Martínez

Laura Sofia Quesada
Katherine Roa Roa

Aeronautical Sciences Study Center

Aeronautical Faculty
AIS/MET 012 Basic Course
Bogota 2011
Manual for Aeronautical Telecommunications

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 Camilo Andrés Giraldo Martínez
Laura Sofia Quesada
Katherine Roa Roa

Investigation project

Professor Jairo Barrientos

Aeronautical Sciences Study Center

Aeronautical Faculty
AIS/MET 012 Basic Course
Bogota 2011

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 Acceptance note:

Signature of the president of

the jury

Jury signature

Jury signature

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 CONTENT

p.

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SK..................................................................................................................................37
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FF SKECZQZX SKEDZQZX SKRGZTZX SKCGZTZX.......................................68
SKBQZTZX..............................................................................................................68
(DEP-LAU352-SEQU1627-SKBO)..........................................................................70

EXHIBIT

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 INFORMATION

In the history of navigation, both maritime and air, there has always been the
need to communicate, navigators had to know their position, how far they were
from the destination, and how long it would take them to arrive; and this was
achieved thanks to the creation of media framed in navigation.

Due to the constant changes that navigation has undergone over the years,
these means of communication have evolved, for example, in the beginning
navigation was done through observation, but it was necessary to have more
precision in terms of geographical location, location in time and location in
space; Later, radio aids were created that, by means of on-board equipment,
crews could navigate with greater accuracy. Nowadays, satellite navigation
already exists, which makes navigation even more precise.

According to the technologies invented by humans, it was observed that a

standard should be established to regulate aviation as a form of air navigation,
and the Convention on Civil Aviation was created, signed by the Contracting
States of the International Civil Aviation Organization ( ICAO), in which each of
these States must be regulated by mandatory standards and recommended
methods to be at the forefront of air navigation services. Within these services is
communications.
Communications have had great development because if aviation technologies
improved, services should also improve. In principle, in communications there
was the Morse code that used the high frequency spectrum (High Frequency-
HF), then the PHILLIPS Semi-Automatic Telegraph Central in 1961; in 1975 it
was improved with the addition of memory extension and tape traffic storage; In
1992, the DIGITAL IMX-700 Central arrived, with which the speed and traffic
storage on disk went from 75 to 150 Baud. From 1997 until October 2010, the
SYSECA-France AFTN Switched Exchange operated with substantial
improvements in storage and speed. Currently, the ATS Message Handling
System (AMHS) is used, which is the system that the ICAO has standardized for
worldwide communications of Contracting States.
The updating of communication systems has been at the forefront of
technological developments since without these, air navigation would be chaos
due to the lack of organization and standardization of processes so that aviation
can develop with a view to growing globalization. .

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 SUMMARY

Performing an analysis of the telecommunications used in the aeronautical sector, it

is observed that it is necessary to create a manual that provides guidance in the
reception and transmission of messages that are exchanged between the different
agencies involved in aeronautical communications; This problem became known
from the transition from the AFTN system to the AMHS system and its management
by the users of the system. A solution proposed by the research group is to prepare
an Aeronautical Telecommunications Manual where everything related to the new
AMHS system and the standardization of the treatment given to the information is
compiled.

With this we want to minimize the failures that occur due to the misuse of the tools
that currently exist so that communications guarantee the safety of civil aviation and
that at the same time it is easy to use for all personnel who use this aeronautical
service. .

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 INTRODUCTION

This manual consists of the creation of an aeronautical telecommunications manual

which includes complete and precise information about aeronautical messages
since these have the need to optimize the information in a way that generates
greater capture by each of the members who make use of the means of
communication proposed within civil aeronautics, providing a solution to one of the
biggest conflicts of internal communication of the personnel and in this way reduce
the margin of error created by the misinterpretation of the message to be
transmitted in each one. of communications presented in the aeronautical industry.

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 CAPITULO 1. GENERALITIES OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS

AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE. Annex 10 Vol. II Chap. 1.

It is the telecommunications service that is provided for any aeronautical purpose.

INTERNATIONAL AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE

It is the telecommunications service that is provided between offices or stations of

different States, or between mobile stations that are not located in the same State
or that are subject to different States. It is made up of five specialties, each one
providing different services for the safety, regularity and effectiveness of
International Air Navigation.

The SITA International Aeronautical Telecommunications service is composed of:

1. ServiceAeronautical Mobile (AMS).

2. ServiceAeronautical Fixed (AFS).

3. Serviceof Aeronautical Radionavigation.

4. Serviceof Aeronautical Broadcasting.

5. ServiceLand Mobile.

AERONAUTICAL MOBILE SERVICE

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It is the service provided between aeronautical stations and aircraft stations, or
between aircraft stations, in which boat or rescue device stations can also
participate.

Also included in this service are emergency locating radio beacon stations that
operate on designated distress and emergency frequencies.

AERONAUTICAL MOBILE SATELLITE SERVICE.

Mobile satellite service in which mobile earth stations are located on board aircraft;
Boat or rescue device stations and accident location radio beacon stations may
also be included in this service.

AERONAUTICAL MOBILE SERVICE (R)

Aeronautical mobile service reserved for aeronautical communications related to

the safety and regularity of flights, mainly on national or international civil aviation
routes.

AERONAUTICAL MOBILE SERVICE (R) BY SATELLITE.

Aeronautical mobile satellite service reserved for communications related to the

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safety and regularity of flights, mainly on national or international civil aviation
routes.

AERONAUTICAL FIXED SERVICE:

Telecommunications service between certain fixed points, which in most cases

make up a network, intended primarily for the safety of air navigation and for the
operation of air services to be regular, efficient and economical.

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AERONAUTICAL RADIONAVIGATION SERVICE

It is the service intended for aircraft to determine their position, direction and to
indicate the presence of obstacles that may affect the safety of a flight, through the
propagation properties of electromagnetic waves.

This service is intended for aircraft and their safe operation.

RADIONAVIGATION (Radiocommunication Regulations RR11)

Radiodetermination used for navigation purposes, including to signal the presence

of obstacles.

RADIODETERMINATION (Radiocommunication Regulations RR10)

Determination of the position, speed or other characteristics of an object, or
obtaining information related to these parameters, through the propagation
properties of electromagnetic waves.

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RADIO COUNTING (Annex 10 Vol. II 1.4.)

Angle determined at a direction finding station, formed by the apparent direction

produced by the emission of electromagnetic waves coming from a given point, and
another reference direction

True Radiomarking:

It is one whose reference direction is True North.

Magnetic Radiomarking:

It is one whose reference direction is Magnetic North.

AERONAUTICAL BROADCASTING SERVICE

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It is the one dedicated to disseminating information related to air navigation that is
not directed to any specific station or stations.

Eldorado Airport – information Bravo 1700 UTC ILS Approach, Runway in Use 12 Wet, wind
140 degrees 16 knots, Visibility 7000 meters, Drizzle, ceiling at 500 feet, temperature 08
degrees, dew point 03 degrees altimeter 3032, cumulunimbus NE of the Season
LAND MOBILE SERVICE

Provides communications service for the control of vehicles,

other than aircraft, in the maneuvering area at controlled aerodromes.

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1
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 CAPITULO 2. PLACE INDICATORS

Key group, four letters, formulated in accordance with the provisions prescribed
by ICAO and assigned to the location where an aeronautical fixed station is
located.

Location indicators are assigned by States and monitored by ICAO, which

verifies that they are in accordance with the principles relating to the
"Formulation and assignment of location indicators".

It is essential that the assigned place indicators be stable, and therefore, they
should only be modified after due consideration.

Note: Different location indicators should not be assigned to different units

located in the same geographic location when the three-letter designator used
meets the needs.

V Establishment of routing areas for aeronautical fixed services (AFS):

a.- The world is divided into routing areas for aeronautical fixed services that do
not partially overlap, each of which is assigned a different identification letter.

b.- The limits of these areas do not necessarily have to coincide with those of
any State, territory or FIR. They are decided with the requirements of the AFS,
to facilitate the routing operations of message traffic.

C.- Each State or separate territory is assigned a different identification letter to

differentiate it from others that are in the same AFS routing area.

d.- Different identification letters are assigned to parts of a State or territory

when:

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 - A State or territory itself constitutes an AFS routing area.

- There may be routing doubts at stations transmitting message traffic from

that State or territory, and

- When by proceeding in this way routing doubts can be eliminated or

mitigated.

e.- No different identification letter is assigned when a separate State or territory

has only tax stations.

- .- Letters not distributed within each AFS routing area

They may be assigned by ICAO at the request of a State having jurisdiction
there to facilitate the routing of messages.

V Assignment of place indicators:

a.- FIRST LETTER: It will be assigned to the AFS routing area within which the
place is located. An AFS routing area may consist of a single State.

tczzjr
b.- SECOND LETTER: It is the letter assigned to the State, territory or part
thereof within which the place is located.
c.- THIRD LETTER: It should be assigned when in the same State or
territory the stations of the fixed aeronautical telecommunications service
are linked to a communications center.

d.- FOURTH LETTER: Each State should make its national assignment of
location-specific indicators in a way that facilitates the correct routing of
AFS messages.

ED EC BQ CL RG
In exceptional cases, geographic locations other than those served by the AFS
may be given a location indicator at the discretion of the State having jurisdiction
over the location in question.

In Colombia and most countries in the world the third and fourth letters have been
assigned to the respective city, airport or ATS unit.

INDEX OF NATIONALITY LETTERS FOR PLACE INDICATORS.

GERMANY E.D., E.T.

FRENCH ANTILLES T.F.
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES TN

ARGENTINA SA

BARBADOS T.B.

BOLIVIA SL

BRAZIL S.B., S.N., S.S.

CANADA CU, CW, CY, CZ

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CHILI S.C.
COLOMBIA SK
M.R
COSTA RICA
.
CUBA MU

ECUADOR HE
YO
SPAIN
U
THE SAVIOR M.S.

USA K

RUSSIAN FEDERATION OR

FRANCE L.F.

GUATEMALA MG

GUYANA S.Y.
M.H
HONDURAS
.
ITALY L.I.

ENGLAND E.G.

JAMAICA M.K.

MEXICO MM
M.N
NICARAGUA
.
PANAMA M.P.

PARAGUAY S.G.

PERU SP

PUERTO RICO (USA) T.J.

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC M.D

.
URUGUAY HIS

VENEZUELA S.V.

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 COLOMBIA PLACE INDICATORS (AFTN CONNECTED)

ARAUCA SKUC ARMENIA SKAR

SOLANO BAY SKBS BARRANCABERMEJA SKEJ

BARRANQUILLA SKBQ BARRANQUILLA ACC/FIC SKEC

BOGOTA SKBO BOGOTA ACC/FIC SKED

BUCARAMANGA SKBG BUENAVENTURA SKBU

CALI SKCL CAREPA SKLC

SKC
CARTAGENA SKCG CONDOT
D
COROZAL SKCZ CUCUTA SKC
C
THE BANK SKBC THE YOPAL SKYP

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FLORENCE SKFL GIRARDOT SKGI

GUAPI SKGP GUAYMARAL SKGY

IBAGUE SKIB IPIALS SKIP

LETICIA SKLT MAGANGUE SKMG

MANIZALES SKMZ MEDELLIN SKMD

MY YOU SKMU HUNTING SKMR

NEIVA SKNV NUQUI SKNQ

OCAÑA SKOC OR YOU SKOT

GRASS SKPS PEREIRA SKPE

PITALITE SKPI POPAYAN SKPP

PROVIDENCE SKPV PORT ASIS SKAS

PUERTO CARREÑO SKPC QUIBDO SKUI

BLACK RIVER SKRG RIOHACHA SKRH

SAN JOSE DEL GUAVIARE
SAN ANDRES SKSP
SKSJ
SAN VICENTE DEL C. SKSV SANTA MARTA SKSM

SARAVENA SKSA TAME SKTM

TRINITY SKTD TUMACO SKCO

TURBO SKTU VALLEDUPAR SKVP

VILLAVICENCIO SKVV

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 COLOMBIA LOCATION INDICATORS NOT CONNECTED TO THE
AFTN.

ACANDI SKAD AGUACHICA SKAG

AMALFI SKAM ANDES SKAN

APIAY AFB. SKAP ARARACUAR SKAC

BECERRIL SKBE BERASTEGUI SKBR

GOOD VIEW SKBN CAPURGANA SKCA

CARIMAGUA SKCI CARMEN DE BOLIVAR SKCB

SKG
CARTAGENA DEL CHAIRA SKCH CARTHAGE
O
CARURU SKCR CAUCASIA SKCU

CHAPARRAL SKHA CHIGORODO SKIG

SCIMITAR SKCM COVENAS SKCV

NORTH CRAVO SKCN CUPICA SKCP

THE CATFISH SKEB STEP SKEP

FUTURE SKER FOUNDATION SKFU

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WAITER SKGZ SEAGULLS SKG
A
HATO COROZAL SKHC HELICENTER SKHL

LEAF SKLM THE STONE SKLP

THE VEGA SKLV BEAUTIFUL HILL SKLL

MADRID AFB. SKMA MAICAO SKMJ

PEANUT SKMN MALAGA SKLA

MARANDUA AFB. SKUA MARCO F. SUAREZ AFB.

SKGB
LADYBUG SKQU
MELGAR AFB. SKME
MIRAFLORES BOY. SKRF
MIRAFLORES GUAVIARE
MOMPOS SKMP SKMF

NECOCLI SKNC MONTELIBANO SKML

OROCUE SKOE ORITO SKOR

PLANQUERO AFB. SKPQ PAIPA SKPA

DISH SKPL PEACE OF ARIPORO SKPZ

PORT BOLIVAR SKPB PUERTO BERRIO SKPR

PUERTO INIRIDA SKPD

PUERTO GAITAN SKPG
PORT LEGUIZAMO SKLG
PUERTO LOPEZ SKOL
NARE PORT SKPN
QUIPAMA SKFR
SAINT FELIX SKFX
SAN GIL SKSG
THIS FAITH OF ANTIOCH SKSF
SANTAGUEDA SKTG
SANTIAGO I SKSI
SIMITI SKST
SOGAMOSO SKSO
TAURAMENA SKTA
TIBU SKTB
TOLEMAIDA AFB. SKTI
TOLU SKTL
THREE CORNERS
SKTQ
AFB TULUA SKUL
TUNJA SKTJ
URRAO SKUR

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VELASQUEZ SKVL VILLA SKVG
AFB. GARZON
VILLANUEVA SKVN YAGUARA II SKYA

INTERNATIONAL PLACE INDICATORS

CANADA (C)

CYAA OTAWA (AFTN, System control

CYQB QUEBEC Center) Jean Lasage Intl.

CYUL MONTREAL ACC

CZYZ TORONTO ACC

USA (K)

KATL ATLANTA The William B Hartsfield Intl

KAFW FORT WORTH
KDCA WASHINGTON National DC

KELP STEP Texas Intl.

KFLL FORT LAUDERDALE Fla.

KHOU HOUSTON William P Hobby Tx.

KIAH HOUSTON Intercontinental Tx.

KJFK NEW YORK John F. Kennedy NY

KNYC NEW YORK CITY

KLAS LAS VEGAS Mc Carran Intl.

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KLAX THE ANGELS Intl.

KLGA NEW YORK The guard.

KMCO ORLANDO

KMIA MIAMI

KPBI WEST PALM BEACH

KTPA TAMPA
WASHINGTON NWS National Meteorological
KWBC
Center.
KBOS BOSTON

KCHI CHICAGO
USA ACC/FIC/ARTCC

KZAU CHICAGO (ARTCC)

KZBWBOSTON (ARTCC)

KZDC WASHINGTON D.C. (ARTCC)

KZHU HOUSTON (ARTCC)

KZLA THE ANGELS (ARTCC)

KZMA MIAMI

KZNY NEW YORK

KZTL ATLANTA

KZWY NEW YORK (ARTCC/OCEANIC)

CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

M.B. CAICOS ISLANDS (UK)

M.D. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

MDSD SANTO DOMINGO ACC/FIC

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MDLR THE ROMAN

MG GUATEMALA

MGGT GUATEMALA "The Aurora"

M.H. HONDURAS

MHTG TEGUCIGALPA “Toncontin”

M.K. JAMAICA

MKJK KINGSTON ACC/FIC

MONTEGO BAY
MKJM MKJP “Norman Manley
KINGSTON

MM MEXICO

MMEX MEXICO FIR/UIR

MMID MERIDA FIR/UIR

MMZT MAZATLAN FIR/UIR

MMMX MEXICO DF

MMAA ACAPULCO

MMCZ COZUMEL.

MMGL GUADALAJARA.

MMMD MERIDA

MMUN CANCUN

MMVR VERACRUZ.

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 M.N. NICARAGUA

MNMG MANAGUA “Augusto César Sandino

M.P. PANAMA

MPZL PANAMA ATCC

MPHO HOWARD AFB.

MPLB BALBOA “Albrook”

MPMG PANAMA “Marcos A. “Gelabert”

MPPC PANAMA AFTN Center.

MPTO TOCUMEN

M.R. COSTA RICA

MROC ALAJUELA “Juan Santamaría”

MRLM LEMON

MRSJ SAN JOSE DE COSTA RICA.

MRLB LIBERIA

M.S. THE SAVIOR

SAN
MSSS SALVADOR. “Ilopango”

MT HAITI

MTEG PORT-AU-PRINCE/City.

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MTPP PORT-AU-PRINCE/INTL

MU CUBA

MUFH HAVANA FIC

MUHALA HAVANA "Jose Marti"

MULH HAVANA City.

MUVR VARADERO. “Juan Gualberto

Gomez”

MW CAYMAN ISLANDS(UK)

MWCG GRAND CAYMAN CITY.

MWCR GEORGETOWN “Owen Roberts”

MY BAHAMAS

MYNA NASSAU ACC/FIC

MYNN NASSAU “New Providence

International”
MYGF FREEPORT Grand Bahama.

MZ BELIZE

BELMOPAN “Philip S.W. Goldson Intl

MZBZ
SOUTH AMERICA (S)

SA ARGENTINA

SABA BUENOS AIRES

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SABM BUENOS AIRES Serv. Final of Meteorology.

COAT CORDOVA

SAEZ EZEIZA Buenos Aires Minister

Pistarini
SAME MENDOZA “El Plumerillo”

SARE ENDURANCE

SACU CORDOVA ACC/UIR

SACF CORDOVA ACC/FIR

SAEU EZEIZA ACC/UIR

SAEF EZEIZA ACC/FIR

SAMU MENDOZA ACC/UIR

SAMF MENDOZA ACC/FIR

SARU ENDURANCE ACC/UIR

SARF ENDURANCE ACC/FIR.

S.B. BRAZIL

SBBL BELEM FIR

S.B.B.S. BRASILIA FIR

SBMU MANAUS FIR

SBRE RECIFE FIR

SBPH PORTO VELHO FIR

SBBE BELEM “Val de Caes”

SBBH BELHO HORIZONTE
KNO BUENOS AIRES “Jorge Newbery Airport”
WS

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SBBR BRASILIA Intl DF

SBBV BOAVISTA

SBEG MANAUS “Eduardo Gomez

SBGL RIO DE JANEIRO “Galeao”

SBGR SAO PAULO “Guarulhos”

SBKP COUNTRYSIDE “Viracopos”

SBPV PORTO VELHO

SBRF RECIFE “Guararapes”

SBRJ RIO DE JANEIRO “Santos Dumont”

SBSP SAO PAULO

SBTT TABATINGA.

S.C. CHILI

SCEZ SANTIAGO ACC/FIC

SCFZ ANTOFAGASTA ACC/FIC

SCIZ EASTER ISLAND ACC/FIC

SCTZ MONTT PORT ACC/FIC

SCAR ARICA “Chacalluta”

SCEL SANTIAGO “Arturo Merino Benitez”

SCFA ANTOFAGASTA

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SCIP EASTER ISLAND

SCIQ IQUIQUE

SCSC SANTIAGO DE CHILE (General Directorate. Civil Aviation)

HE ECUADOR

FOLL GUAYAQUIL
OW
QUITO
SEQU
EMERALDS
IT IS

S.F. FALKLANDS ISLANDS (UK)

SFAL STANLEY AIRPORT

S.G. PARAGUAY

SGFA ASSUMPTION FIR

SGAS ASSUMPTION “Yes. “Pettirossi”

SL BOLIVIA

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SLCZ SANTA CRUZ DE LA SIERRA TMA

SLLF PEACE FIR

SLCB COCHABAMBA

SLLP PEACE

SLSU SUCRE

RSLV VIRU-VIRU
YE SURINAME

SMPM PARAMARIBO ACC.

SMPM PARAMARIBO CITY.

SW FRENCH GUYANA

SOOO CAYENNA FIC/ACC/UAC/NOF

SOCA CAYENNA “Rochambeau”

SP PERU

SPIM LIME “Hush”

SPLI LIME City.

SPQT IQUITOS.

HIS URUGUAY

DREAM MONTEVIDEO ACC/FIC

HIS MU MONTEVIDEO “Carrasco”

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 S.V. VENEZUELA

SVZM MAIQUETIA ACC/FIC

SVZZ VENEZUELA NOF/MET

ACLS CARACAS COM.

SVBC BARCELONA “Jose Antonio Anzoategui”

SVBI BARINAS

SVBM BARQUISIMETO “Intl. “Lara”

SVBS MARACAY “Marshal Sucre”

SVCC CARACAS Dir. Civil Aviation.

SVFM CARACAS Francisco Miranda Base.

SVMC MARACAIBO "The Chinese little girl"

MARGARITA
SVMG “Intl. From the Caribbean"
ISLAND
SVMI MAIQUETIA. “Gral Simón Bolivar” CARACAS

SVSA SAN ANTONIO DEL TACHIRA

SVSO SANTO DOMINGO DEL TACHIRA

SVVA VALENCIA “Carabobo”

S.Y. GUYANA

SYGC GEORGETOWN

LESSER ANTILLES. (T).

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 T. FRENCH ANTILLES.
F.

TFFD FORT DE FRANCE MARTINIQUE

TFFF REGRET MARTINIQUE.

T.J. PUERTO RICO

TJZS SAN JOHN DE PUERTO RICH ARTCC

TJSJ SAN JUAN DE PUERTO RICO “Luis Muñoz Marín”

TN NETHERLANDS ANTILLES

TNCF CURACAO FIC/ACC

“Queen
TNCA ARUBA
Beatrix”
TNCB BONAIRE “Flamingo”

TNCC CURACAO "Herd"

TRINIDAD AND
T.T.
TOBAGO

TTZP PIARCO ACC/FIC

TTPP PIARCO "Trinity"

TTPS PORT OF SPAIN

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 EUROPE (L) (AND)

E.B. BELGIUM

BELGIU
EBBD EUROCONTROL
M

ED GERMANY

EDDB BERLIN

EDBB BERLIN ACC/FIC

EDDF FRANKFURT “Main”

EDFF FRANKFURT ACC/FIC

E.G. ENGLAND

EGTT LONDON ACC/FIC

EGKK LONDON “Gatwick”

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EGLL LONDON “Heathrow”

EGGA LONDON CIVIL AVIATION AURHORITY

HE LUXEMBOURG

ELLX LUXEMBOURG ACC/FIC

YOU SPAIN

LECM MADRID ACC/FIC

LEMD MADRID “Decks”

LEZL SEVILLE

LEBL BARCELONA

L.F. FRANCE

LFPO PARIS “Orly”

LFPG PARIS “Charles de Gaulle”

L.I. ITALY

LIRA ROME “Ciampino”

LIRF ROME “Fiumicino”

V Default distribution system

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The Default Address is a procedure that consists of placing a single
address indicator to send a message to many recipients. States that have
introduced the default distribution system for AFTN messages may assign
location indicators for this purpose, consisting of the following:

First and second letters: The first two letters of the location indicator for
the communications center of the State that has agreed to implement the
system and that receives the messages through a circuit with respect to
which it has predetermined routing responsibility. In colombia:

SK
Third and fourth letters: The letters "ZZ" indicating the need for special
distribution. These letters have been assigned by the ICAO to indicate this
procedure

Z
Fifth, sixth and seventh letters: Taken from the series A to Z and denoting
the national and/or international distribution list or lists to be used at the
AFTN receiving center

NCN

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 Eighth letter: Generally it is the filler letter

V Changes in the assignment of place indicators:

Once location indicators have been assigned, they should only be

amended after due consideration of the global implications of such
changes for users of communications services.

A location indicator should not be reassigned to another location for a

period of at least six months after its previous assignment has been
cancelled.

Place indicator assignment changes should be promulgated through

NOTAM or AIP, as far in advance of the effective date as possible.

V Addresses of the centers in charge of FIR/UIR:

To direct ATS messages to ATS centers (FIC/ACC) in charge of FIR/UIR

regions, a system of recipient indicators has been devised.

Said recipient indicator consists of a location indicator of the ATS center in

charge, plus the three-letter indicator:

ZQZ If the message relates to an IFR flight, and

ZFZ Yes, the message is related to a VFR flight.

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CHAPTER 3. AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE

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9
4
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Fig. 1.4.2 - General terminology of wing elements.

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42
43
 CHAPTER 4. AMHS NETWORK

The terminal allows various messages to be changed and processed. Messages

are kept in mailboxes. The system interprets all incoming messages and places
the information found in the different databases for subsequent inspection of the
terminal. As a terminal user you can be responsible for more than one mailbox
to monitor them. A message in a mailbox that has not been read (=not
recognized) remains displayed on the screen. Once read (=acknowledged), the
message remains stored for a specified period of time in the message database
and can be retrieved. The Central Terminal allows you to obtain stored
information.

Forms help you create messages. You can choose between the flight plan and
associated update messages, coordinated messages, emergency messages,
and supplementary messages.

Its main tasks are to send, receive and obtain messages. Message forms are
useful tools to help you with this task. The next two chapters describe both
message forms and templates and common commands in detail. In subsequent
chapters no description will be repeated, but reference will be made to these
chapters.

Message Forms and Templates

The system provides you with different message forms that make it easier for
you to create messages and increase your convenience. All forms have several
fields and commands in common that are described below. Depending on the
terminal you use, you may not have all of the fields/commands/buttons
described here. Using AMHS, for example, the headers of message forms
appear quite different from those forms referring to AFTN messages. As soon as
you have changed a form, e.g. For example, a partially filled one, you can save it
as a template to use again at any time.

All message forms are checked to see if entries are correct. This check runs
immediately when you enter data (e.g. (e.g., you can only enter letters but no
other types of characters), or when you send or try to send the resulting
message.

Note. The system deletes all messages (incoming and outgoing).

• Leading and/or trailing whitespace/line breaks in the body of the message, and

• White spaces prefixed to line breaks in the message text.

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FPL's and related messages offer sophisticated data entry assistance; see
details “Data Entry Wizard”).

If your default mailboxes are both AMHS and AFTN, the system will ask you
about creating/operating messages with AMHS or AFTN addressing fields.
Press in the format you want; The system will open the message/message form
according to the chosen format. With only AMHS or AFTN mailboxes by default,
the system opens messages/message forms automatically according to the
given message format type.

Note. Depending on your user profile, access to certain message types may be
restricted. In that case, you will also not be able to open a form/template of the
type of message in question, or send a message of that type, even of the free
text form type.

4
5
 CHAPTER 5. AERONAUTICAL MESSAGES

The messages studied in this manual are standardized and normalized messages by
ICAO, which have been established for the exchange of ATS data and are authorized for
transmission by the Aeronautical Fixed Service, including the Aeronautical Fixed
Telecommunications Network (AFTN). , the ATS Direct Oral Circuits, or the Digital Data
Exchange between the Air Traffic services units, the direct Teletype circuits and the
computer-to-computer circuits, or by the Aeronautical Mobile Service, as appropriate.
They are classified by categories, these categories give an idea of their importance in air
navigation safety and are the following:

CATEGORY OF MESSAGES:
MESSAGE TYPE
DESIGNATOR
MESSAGE CATEGORY TYPE OF MESSAGE

Alert ALR
EMERGENCY MESSAGES
Radio Communications Failure RCF

Flight Plan Submitted FPL

FLIGHT PLAN MESSAGES Change or Modification CHG
PRESENTED AND DLA
UPDATES Delay
CNL
CORRESPONDING Cancellation

Exit D.E.P

ARR
Arrival or Arrival

Updated Flight Plan CPL

Transfer or Estimation ITS T

Coordination CDN

COORDINATION MESSAGES Acceptance ACP

THE M
Logical Acknowledgment of Receipt

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6
 Flight Plan Request RQP

MESSAGES Application of Plan of Flight

SUPPLEMENTARY Supplementary

Supplemental Flight Plan RQS

SPL

Messages related to Flight Safety are made up of boxes or fields, numbered from 1 to 22. Each
message has its defined structure, different from the others. Currently there are boxes that are
not being used, among them are: 1, 2, 4, 6, 11, and 12, which have been left unused by the ICAO,
anticipating future needs. The name of the boxes and the data included in each of them are;

BOX NAME AND DATA CONTAINED:

BOX NAME OR DATA CONTAINED

3 Type - Number and Reference Data of the Message

5 Description of the Emergency.

7 Aircraft Identification / Mode and SSR code

8 Flight Rules and Flight Type

9 Number, Type and Category of Aircraft Wake Turbulent

10 Equipment (Communications, Navigation, Approach and Surveillance)

13 Departure Aerodrome and Estimated Time of Departure

14 Estimation or Transfer Data.

15 Speed, Level and Route

16 Destination Aerodrome. Total Expected Duration. Alternative Aerodromes.

17 Arrival aerodrome and time.

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 18 Other Data (Additional Information)

19 Supplementary Information.

20 Alert information regarding Search and Rescue,

21 Information regarding Communications Failure.

22 Amendments or Changes Box.

The composition of each message is expressed by a series of data fields, adjusted to the table
attached at the end of this chapter. Each message must contain all prescribed fields. (Doc. 4444
Appendix 3)

STRUCTURE AND SCORE:

The ATS information included in the text of these messages is ALWAYS enclosed in
parentheses:

The separation between boxes or fields is done by means of a DASH (-) , with the exception of the
first field or box 3:

The information that constitutes part of the same field is separated with a DIAGONAL (/) or by
SPACES:

4
8
 - SDHMX / C

Note: Boxes 5 (Emergency Description, 15 Route, 18 Other information, 19 Supplementary

information, 20 Alert information, 21 Communications failure information and 22 Amendment
MAY USE MORE THAN ONE LINE, if necessary.

LET'S REMEMBER

1. Message information ALWAYS goes

enclosed in Parentheses ( __________________ )

2. The information between different boxes is separated by a DASH

3. The separation of information in the same box is done by spaces or

by a diagonal

When a box has an exact number of characters, it will be indicated as follows:

AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION

MAXIMUM 7 (SEVEN)

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9
If the elements that make up a box or field are of variable length, the field is indicated as follows:

- EET/SKEC0040
/9/9/ MKJK0150
€/G/9 A4/~/54 4/ -/ ...
€/ / 9/ F/'e K/C/c/
DESIGNATOR

TYPE OF MESSAGE \ 1 2 3 6 5 6 7 8 $ 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

(6) (8) (19) (20)

Alert
Failure of
ALR 3 5
0 8 C9 10 (13) (15)
radio communications RCF 3 7
(
Flight plan submitted FPL 3 7 and 10 (3) (15) (5) (18)
Democracy CLA 3 7 13 16

Modification CHG 3 7 13 16

Cancellation of flight yaws

CM 3 7 13 16
Exit D.E.P 3 7 13 16

Arrival ARR 3 7 13 16 17

(13) (15) (16) (16)

Updated flight plan CPL 3 7 to
(9 to 14

Estimate ITS T 3 7 13 14 16

Coordination CDN 3 7 13 16

Acceptance ACP 3 7 13 16
Mensa THE M 3
rebbo e of absence of ogico

Flight plan request R.O.P. 3 7 13 16

Supplemental flight plan request ROS 3 7 13 16

Supplemental Flight Bread SPL 3 7 13 16) G8 G9)

This field is started on a new line △ This field is repeated as
when the message is printed on necessary
teletype page copies.

UTC Time is always noted in FOUR (4) digits, while in

box 15 whose length is variable, the path is separated by spaces and
can occupy more than one line.

The data that must appear in each of the boxes of the ATS messages are
those indicated in the following table:

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0
5
1
 If we take, for example, a Submitted Flight Plan Message, the boxes that will be used will be:

(3–7–8

- 9 – 10

- 13

- 15

- 16

- 18)

(FPL – HK9999P - VG

- PA34/L – SG/C

- SKMR1408

- N0120A045 LORICA
CERETÉ VOC

- SKCV0030 SKCZ SKCG

- OPR/AEROPACO)

5
2
Messages will originate from the appropriate ATS units, or from aircraft, and will only be
directed to ATS units, using the three-letter recipient indicators, established by ICAO, in
Document 8585, which are:

ZQZ If the message corresponds to an IFR flight

ZFZ If the message corresponds to a VFR flight

ZTZ Aerodrome control tower.

ZPZ
Notification Office of Air Traffic services.

Other three-letter indicators SHOULD NOT BE USED when directing a message to ATS
Units.

Air Traffic Services Messages will be prepared and transmitted in accordance with
previously established formats and texts, complying with the conventional representation of
the data prescribed in Appendix 3 of ICAO document 4444.

When ATS messages are transmitted over AFTN channels in regions where it is known that
ATC computers are used, the conventional format and representation of data prescribed
in field tables SHOULD BE RIGOROUSLY OBSERVED

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3
CHANGE OR MODIFICATION MESSAGES (CHG):

A CHANGE OR MODIFICATION (CHG) message must be originated and sent when

changes are made to the basic data of the Submitted Flight Plan (FPL), or the
Repetitive Flight Plan (RPL), previously transmitted by the AFTN Network, always
and when the aircraft has not taken off. This message must be sent to all Flight Plan
recipients who are affected by the Change.

MD83 B-727-100
3.1.1. COMPOSITION:

The boxes that make up the Change messages are the following:

(3-7-13-16-22)
3 = Message type, number and message reference data.

7 = Identification of the aircraft.

13 = Departure Aerodrome

16 = Destination Aerodrome

22 = Change or Modification.

Change messages are originated by the Air Traffic Services Notification Office and
sent to all recipients to whom the corresponding FPL or RPL message has been
previously sent.

Example:

(CHG – AAL916 – SKBO – KMIA – 18/REG/N788AL)

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4
The text of the previous message tells us that the aircraft has been changed, which
will fly AMERICAN AIR LINES 005 on the BOGOTA/MIAMI route, and the new
registration of the aircraft is N788AL. It is presumed that the aircraft type has not
been changed.

In the event of a change of equipment, for example a B727 for an MD83, the text of
the message would look like this:

(CHG – AVA006 – SKBO – KMIA – 9/MD80 – 18/REG/EICCE)

If we find the following text from a message:

(CHG–FAC0001– SKBO–MPHO–15/N0465F280 A 323 TBG)

It refers to a modification in Box 15 of the Flight Plan presented by FAC0001, which

may be in the speed, level or route to be followed by the aircraft.

Note: In flight plans submitted by regular commercial aircraft, there must be NO

modification in box 7 (Flight number), nor in the destination aerodrome (Box 16).
When this case arises, the Flight Plan submitted must be cancelled.

When there is a variation in the type of aircraft, the performance data of the
replacement aircraft must be taken into account, since there may be modifications in
more than one box. When a case arises in which there is a modification in more than
THREE (3) boxes, it is preferable to cancel the FPL or RPL previously processed
and prepare a new one.
The NOTAM/OPMET database, available to the Civil Aeronautics of Colombia, is a useful
tool to obtain information on NOTAM and Meteorological messages necessary to provide
the Pre-Flight Information service. This tool is a response to the growing demand for ATM
information and automation of the Aeronautical Information Service, following the
parameters established by ICAO in Annexes 3 and 15, and in documents 8126 and 8400, in
the CAR/region plans. SAM and complying with the content in the COMP manual (Chapter
7) of GREPECAS.

This bank has the capacity to store national and international information. In addition to
storage, you can also make corrections, edit, receive, transmit, consult and exchange
information related to flight safety (AFTN, NOTAM, ASHTAM, METAR, SPECI, FORECAST,
SYNOP and SIGMET messages.
5
5
NOTAM DATABANK:

To request information from current NOTAMS of an aerodrome, an FIR or an air route, the
respective format must be applied, which is made up of:

TYPE OF QUESTION / FILTERS / ARGUMENTS

a. The question type is made up of three alphabetical characters and tells us exactly the
information that is required. The letters assigned to request current information are:

SPR NOTAM of a route

FAB NOTAM regarding an FIR

AER NOTAM referring to an Aerodrome

RQN Searching for a NOTAM by order number

5
6
 NCB/RQL Request for a checklist.

b. The Filter: Refers to the type of flights affected, the Objective of the NOTAM and the
scope of the information.

Transit AFFECTS IFR FLIGHTS Yo

AFFECTS VFR FLIGHTS V

AFFECTS IFR and VFR FLIGHTS
G*

Aim: IMMEDIATE NOTIFICATION N

EIT
NOTAM FOR IFR FLIGHTS
HER
NOTAM INCLUDED IN BULLETIN b

VARIOUS MATTERS M

AN
Scope: INFORMATION ON THE ROUTE D
NAV WARNING INFORMATION W
T
AERODROME INFORMATION
O
COMBINED INFORMATION C*

• Note: This is not a NOTAM qualifier, it is a valid parameter for the interrogation format.

c. Argument: It tells us the exact place from which the information is required. When
information is required from multiple places, they should be separated with a comma (,). The
following arguments are used:

For a Flight Information Region:

5
7
 AAAA LOCATION INDICATOR OF A FIR

For Aerodromes:

BBBB LOCATION INDICATOR OF AN AERODROME

ADEP DEPARTURE AERODROME

DEST DESTINATION AERODROME

For Individual NOTAMs AND List Checks:

NNNN Location indicator (Colombia Aerodromes)

Yes NOTAM series.

MMMM/YEAR NOTAM number AND YEAR.

NOTE: only one Series is accepted in the Check List.

TABLE OF QUESTION TYPES AND IMPLICIT FILTERS

1 2 3 4 5

ROUTE BULLETIN SPR g EITHER #

AREA BULLETIN FAB g EITHER c

NEWSLETTERAERODR AER g EITHER #

OMO
BY NUMBER RQN # # #

5
8
 CHECKLIST NCB # # #

RQL # # #

#: No filter required for this entry

Examples of Question Format:

ROUTE BULLETIN SPR//ADEP,DEST,FIR1,…,FIRn

AREA BULLETIN FAB/VNW/AAAA1,...,AAAAn

AERODROME BULLETIN AER/VB/BBBB1,...,BBBBn

CONSECUTIVE NOTAM RQN NNNN SMMMM/YY1,SMMMM/YYm

INDIVIDUAL NOTAM RQN NNNN SMMMM/YY SMMMM/YY

CHECK LIST NCB//

RQL SKBO A

Note 1: n has a value from 1 to 10 inclusive

Note 2: m has a value between 1 and 20 inclusive (up to 20 NOTAMS, you can request
under this form.

5
9
Examples:

Bulletin request en route:

FORMAT: SPR//ADEP,DEST,FIR1,FIR2

Replacing

SPR//
SKBO,SKC
G,SKED,SKEC
SPR/B/SKBO,SEGU,SKED,SEGU

The Message must be sent to the address:

SKBOYNYX

Area Bulletin Request:

, FORMAT: FAB/IV(G)NBO(M)EWA(C)FIR1,...FIRn

FAB/GNBOA/SKED,SKEC,MKJK,KZMA
Here we are requesting the Bulletin of several Fires, but that include the NOTAMs, that
affect IFR and VFR flights (G), that are of immediate notification (N), that are included in the
Pre-flight Information Bulletin (B), that are important for IFR operations (O), and that affect
aerodromes located in said Flight Information Regions (A)

6
0
NOTAM application for aerodromes:

FORMAT: AER/IV(G)NBO(M)AER1...AERn

AER/IN/SKBO,SKRG,SPIM

The NOTAMs that affect the aerodromes of Bogotá, Rionegro and Lima are being requested

And that affect IFR operations (I), and that are immediate notification (N).

3.1.2.4. NOTAM Application by Number:

FORMAT: RQN N NNN SMMMM/YY

RQN SKBO C1234/05

The NOTAM Series C is requested with consecutive order number 1234 from the year 2005
that affects the Bogotá aerodrome

RQN SKBQ C1234/06 A1438/06

The NOTAM Series C with Order number 1234 and Series A with number 1438 from 2006
are required and affect the Barranquilla aerodrome.

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1
3.1.2.5. Application for Consecutive NOTAMs:

FORMAT: RQN N NNN SMMM1/YY-SM MM2/YY

RQN SKCL C1347/06-C1352/06

This Request is to obtain the C series NOTAMs from 1347 to 1352, inclusive, that affect the
Cali aerodrome.

NOYAMs Checklist Request:

6
2
NCB//

It gives us the list of NOTAM numbers in force on a given date.

List Request by Series:

FORMAT: RQL NNNN S

RQL SKCG A _)

The list of all class A NOTAMs, from the Cartagena aerodrome, in force to date is being
requested.

OP/MET BANK APPLICATIONS

This Bank provides us with all the meteorological information, both national and international
at a given time. In order to request this meteorological information, the arguments must be
taken into account, that is, the letters that identify the type of message requested. The
arguments for each of them are:

SA COAT

FT LONG TAF
 F.C. SHORT TAF

U.A. AIR REPORT

EMPXX COMPANY DESIGNER AND NUMBER

FLIGHT

FA ARFOR

toilet SIGMET HURRICANE

W.S. SIGMET STORM

W.V. SIGMET VOLCAN

YEAH SYNOPS
SYNOPS (ONLY FOR CONSULTATION IN
YE COLOMBIA)

EXAMPLES OF REQUIREMENTS TO THE OP/MET BANK

Request for various metatars:

Any form listed below can be used with the same objective:

FORMAT: RQM/SA,AD01,….,AD0n

RQM/MSA,AD01,….,AD0n

6
4
 (-------------------------------------------------\

RQM/SA,SKBO,SKCL,SKMD
, RQM/SASKBO,SKCL,SKMD_______)

RQM/MSASKBO,SKCL,SKMD

RQM/MSA,SKBO,SKCL,SKMD

TAF request by aerodrome (short):

FORMAT: RQM/FT,AD0 1,….,AD0n

RQM/FT,SKRG —

TAF request for several airfields (Long):

RMATO. RQM/FC,AD01,...,AD0n RQM/FC,AD01,

….,AD0n

AIRMET Request (Report originated by aircraft):

FORMAT: RQM/UA,EMPXXX, RQM/UA,UA,AVA085,LAN817

ARFOR Application:

6
5
FORMAT: RQM/FA,AD01,...,AD0n RQM/FA,SKBG,SKCC,SKEJ

SIGMET application:

FORMAT: RQM/(WC)(WS)(WV),AD0 1,….,AD0n RQM/WS,SKGO,SKRG •

SYNOP request:

FORMAT: RQM/(SI)(SM),AD01, ,AD0n

RQM/SM,SKPE,SKAR,SKIB

Note 1: Information can be requested for up to 10 aerodromes.

Note 2: Requirements may or may not have the equals symbol (=) at the end of the text.
Application for METAR OR TAF Consolidated or by zones:

6
6
METAR Request for International Aerodromes:

There are two ways to request them:

RQM/MSALIST1

MSALIS1

And includes the GOALS of:

SKBO – SKBQ – SKCG – SKSM – SKSP – SKMD – SKRG – SKCL – SKPE – SKBG –
SKCC – SKLT.

Atlantic Regional Goals Request:

/------------------------N

RQM/MSALIST2
, MSALIST2 )

Includes the METARS of SKBQ, SKCG, SKSM, SKRH, SKSP, SKBC, SKMR, SKVP, SKPV,
SKCZ, SKLM, SKPB, SKMG.

Cundinamarca Regional Request:

QM/MSALIST3
, MSALIST3_____)

Includes meteorological information from the airfields of SKBO, SKNV, SKIB, SKGI, SKGY,
SKLT, SKAS, SKFL, SKSV, SKPI.

Antioquia Regional Request:

RQM/MSALIST4

. MSALIST4

Includes information from: SKRG, SKME, SKMR, SKMZ, SKUI, SKLC, SKBS, SKOT,
SKNQ, SKTU, SKCD.

Valley Regional Application:

RQM/MSALIST5

MSALIST5
To Request reports from SKCL, SKPE, SKAR, SKGO, SKPS, SKIP, SKPP, SKBU, SKCO,
SKGP
Regional Request Target:

RQM/MSALIST6

. MSALIST6

Information from the airfields of SKVV, SKMU, SKPC, SKSJ, SKYP.

Santander Regional Application:

RQM/MSALIST7

. MSALIST7

They include the airfields of SKCC, SKBG, SKEJ, SKOC, SKSA, SKTM, SKUC.

Request for all Goals at the National Level:

RQM/METARCOL

, METARCOL_____)

National TAF Application:

RQM/MFTCCOL

MFTCCOL

Includes weather forecasts for aerodromes from: SKBO, SKBQ, SKCG, SKCL.
SKLT, SKRG and SKSP.

Note: All messages must be directed to the OPMET Data Bank and with GG priority:

GG SKBOYZYX

CANCELLATION MESSAGES: (CNL)

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8
A FLIGHT PLAN CANCELLATION (CNL) message will be sent when an aircraft, for
which the corresponding FPL has been processed, cannot perform the previously
planned flight. The ATS unit that serves the departure aerodrome will transmit the
CANCELLATION message to all the units to which the Flight Plan data has been
sent:

. COMPOSITION:

It is made up of the boxes:

( 3 – 7 – 13 – 16 )

Replacing:

FF SKECZQZX SKEDZQZX SKRGZTZX SKCGZTZX

SKBQZTZX

151446 SKMDZPZX
(CNL-HK1861I-SKMD-SKCG)

The above indicates that the aircraft identified with the registration number
HK1861I , which had submitted a flight plan on the MEDELLÍN/CARGATENA route,
CANCELS its flight plan.

DELAY MESSAGES (DLA)

A DELAY message will be sent when, for any reason, the departure of an aircraft, for
which basic Flight Plan data (FPL or RPL) has been sent, is delayed by more than
THIRTY (30) MINUTES, with respect to the scheduled time outside of chocks, or
Estimated Time of Departure. The message must be sent to the same recipients of
the corresponding Flight Plan, processed previously.

COMPOSITION:

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9
Boxes: ( 3 – 7 – 13 – 16 )

Replacing:

FF SKEDZQZX SKRGZTZX SKPEZTZX 151621 SKBQZPZX

(DLA-RPB7510-SKBQ1720-SKRG)

This message informs you that AEROREPUBLICA flight 7510, which is going to
make a flight on the BARRANQUILLA/RIONEGRO route, has a new estimated
departure time of 1720 UTC.
When a delay message is sent, the validity of the submitted Flight Plan is extended
up to THIRTY (30) minutes after the new estimated time of departure or scheduled
time outside of chocks.

OUTGOING MESSAGES:

Unless otherwise prescribed by the competent ATS authority, a DEPARTURE

message must be transmitted immediately after take-off of an aircraft for which the
corresponding Flight Plan has been sent in advance. Said message must be sent to
the same recipients of the Flight Plan.

COMPOSITION

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0
Replacing:

FF SKEDZQZX SEGUZQZX SEQUZTZX

151642 MPPCICPX

(DEP-CMP272/C1064-MPTO1642-SEQU)

The message reports that COPA 272 , responding in transponder code C 1064, left
TOCUMEN airport at 1642 UTC, bound for QUITO .

FF SKEDZQZX SKBOZTZX SKCLZTZX

151632 SEQUZPZX

(DEP-LAU352-SEQU1627-SKBO)

LINEAS AEREAS SURAMERICANAS flight 352 took off from QUITO airport at
1627 UTC, bound for BOGOTA .

ARRIVAL OR ARRIVAL MESSAGES (ARR)

As soon as an aircraft arrives at an aerodrome, the ATS unit in charge of it must

7
1
send an ARRIVAL MESSAGE.

COMPOSITION:

7
2
 (ARR- RPB7475 – SKBO – SKRG1707)

The recipients of this message vary depending on the landing conditions, and the

Replacing:
aerodrome where it lands:

MESSAGE ADDRESSES:

IN CASE OF LANDING AT THE DESTINATION AERODROME:

The arrival message must be sent to:

1. To the Area Control Center or the Flight Information Center in whose area
the arrival aerodrome is located, if required by said agency.

2. To the Air Traffic Services Notification Office of the departure aerodrome,

which initiated the Flight Plan message, if an Arrival Message (ARR) had
been requested:

FF SKECZFZX SKGYZPZX
151712 SKCGZTZX

(ARR-HK1708I-SKGY-SKCG1710)
IN THE EVENT OF LANDING AT AN ALTERNATIVE AERODROME OR ANOTHER
OTHER THAN THE DESTINATION:

1. To the Area Control Center or Flight Information Center in whose area the
arrival aerodrome is located.

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3
 2. TO THE CONTROL TOWER OF THE DESTINATION AERODROME.

3. To the Air Traffic Services Notification Office of the DEPARTURE

AERODROME.

4. To the Area Control or Flight Information Center, in charge of each Flight

Information Region (FIR). o Upper Flight Information Region (UIR), which,
according to the Submitted Flight Plan, the aircraft SHOULD CROSS IF IT
HAD NOT DIVERTED. Example:

Assuming that WEST CARIBBEAN 185 was carrying out a BOGOTA/HAVANA flight,
and for technical reasons had to land in CARTAGENA, the corresponding ARRIVAL
message would be:

FF SKECZQZX KMIAZTZX SKBOZTZX MKJKZQZX MUHAZQZX

151727 SKCGZTZX

(ARR-WCW185-SKBO-SKCG1727)
LANDING WITH COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE:

When an aircraft has landed with communications failure in both directions during a
controlled flight, the control tower at the arrival aerodrome will transmit the
corresponding ARRIVAL message:

LANDING AT THE DESTINATION AERODROME:

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4
 1. TO ALL Air Traffic Services Units interested in the flight during the period
of the communications failure, and:

2. TO ALL other Air Traffic Services units that may have been alerted.

LANDING AT AN AERODROME OTHER THAN THE DESTINATION:

To the ATS unit of the DESTINATION AERODROME, and this unit will then
transmit to all other ATS units interested or that have been alerted, the
corresponding arrival message.

FF MUHAZTZX

151237 SKCGZTZX

(ARR-WCW185-SKBO-SKCG1727)
FF ALL INTERESTED/ALERTED DEPENDENCIES

151739 MUHAZTZX

(ARR-WCW185-SKBO-SKCG1727)

When an aircraft lands at an aerodrome that does not have an ICAO Location
Indicator (ZZZZ). The ATS unit, which transmits the message, must prepare the
TEXT as follows:

(ARR-HK4998P-SKMR- ZZZZ EL COPEY CESAR)

WARNING MESSAGE

The alert messages are contemplated within document 4444 chapter 11, as
Standardized messages from transit services
Aerial .
These must be sent through the AFTN network and must
Adhere to the format previously established for this type of message.

CONTENT OF NOTIFICATIONS TO RESCUE COORDINATING CENTERS

7
5
The ATS units that notify the emergency of some aircraft, in addition to taking all the
measures inherent in their responsibility to guarantee the safety of the aircraft, must
also notify the rescue coordination centers that have jurisdiction over the airspace
over which the aircraft flies, the notification will contain the following information,
preferably in the following order:

a) Alarm Phase as appropriate: DETRSFA. INCERFA, ALERFA or

b) Service and caller;

c) Emergency class;

(problems affecting the aircraft).

d) Appropriate information contained in the flight plan.

e) ATS unit that established the last communication, time, means used;

F) Last position message and how it was determined.

g) Colors and distinctive markings of the aircraft.

h) Dangerous goods transported as cargo.

i) Any measure taken by the agency making the notification; and

j) Other pertinent observations.

The following data must also be provided to the rescue coordination center:

a) any additional information regarding the caris that is taking the state of alarm
you dare of the different phases successive
b) Information that the alarm state has ceased to exist. Alert cancellation

7
6
As seen in the previous graph, in addition to the boxes that make up the flight plan in
this message, boxes appear: 5 (alert phase), 19 (supplementary information); which
we see below.

BOX 5: ALERT INFORMATION It consists of 3 parts:

EMERGENCY PHASE / MESSAGE SENDER NATURE OF THE EMERGENCY (IN

OPEN TEXT) Example:

DESTRESS / SKEDZQZX / NO LANDING

It means that the aircraft is in the danger phase, that the ATS unit that originates the
message is the IFR flight control center in Bogotá and the reason that causes the
emergency is that the aircraft has not landed at the destination aerodrome.

BOX 19: SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

It contains the basic information to begin search and rescue work, data such as:
aircraft autonomy, people on board, emergency communications equipment, survival
equipment, life jackets, and equipment they possess, quantity, capacity and color of
lifeboats, brands, characteristics of the aircraft, name of the pilot, among others. In
the flight plan format, WHAT IS NOT POSSESSED must be crossed out, and WHAT
IS POSSESSED must be transmitted in the message.
Graphically:

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7
 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (THIS DATA DOES NOT NEED TO BE TRANSMITTED IN FPL MESSAGES)

NUMBER

TO
OBSERVATIONS 3 Rornackii
PILOT IN COMMAND (NOMRIRF Cl JMPLF TO) / Pot in tnmmmand (4 numne)

Supplementary information must always be available and updated at the ARO

office at the departure aerodrome, which is the office responsible for
providing it.
, if requested for aircraft emergency purposes.
This must be provided as a supplemental flight plan (SPL) message. In order to
issue the alert message, supplementary information is required, which is why a
supplementary flight plan request message (RQS) must be sent to the ARO office
of the departure aerodrome, the text of which is: (RQS- HK9999P-SKPC-SKMU)
In which the supplementary flight plan HK-9999P is being requested, which makes
the PUERTO CAREÑO / MITU route.
The supplementary flight plan is made up of the following boxes:
Reibo - 3Ü 3 7 13 1
FU pln saliritude
AC
• 7 13 61 Kensajes
IF
Supplementary 7th day plan
3 7 13 61 Slenentaries
details RGS
6
Flan fe neb suplemecrzrio SPL 3 7 13 4 11
This field stands in A Estecanpossesses a raw numbered cumndo The
numbered line when the message is printed on the message is printed on the copies of
pages___________________________copies of tierp OS pages

BOX 18 OTHER INFORMATION.

In this box you must enter any other information that is considered necessary for
the safety of air navigation and you can use the lines that are necessary.

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The ICAO recommends strictly following the indicated order

below, using the correct abbreviation for each case, followed by a DIAGONAL, and
the information to be recorded:

Always at the beginning, this box, like all the others, is preceded by a hyphen. In
the event that information from the respective flight plan needs to be clarified, a
ZERO (0) must be entered and the parenthesis is closed.

-0)

It means that there is no information to clarify. Otherwise, you must proceed as

follows and in the indicated order of priority, in the indicated abbreviated form,
followed by a diagonal, and the information must be recorded. Note that the
clarifications are made in accordance with the order of each of the boxes.

It includes the SIGNIFICANT POINTS, or location DESIGNATORS of the ATS

units, in charge of each of the FIRs through which the steel ship will fly, followed by
the estimated time to reach the limits of said FIR, taking as reference the time
taken. from the moment of takeoff

Example .

EET/ SKEC0040 MKJ0110 MUHA0150 KZMA0210

EET/EJ0040KILER0110

The text of the message that should reach us and that we must include in the alert
message as box 19 is:

(SPL-HK9999P-SKPC1340

-SKMU0125 SKSJ SKVV

-E/0330 P/004 R/VE S/MJ J/VD/003 25 C/NIL YELLOW

WHITE WITH BLUE STRIPE N/NIL.

Box 19 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

We find in it another type of necessary information, when the ship is in an

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emergency situation: it is composed of:

AND/ AUTONOMY:

4 figures to indicate the amount of fuel available (aircraft autonomy).

P/ PEOPLE ON BOARD

With 1,2 or 3 figures, the total number of people on board, including the crew, must
be entered. When the exact number of passengers is not known at the time of
submitting the flight plan, the abbreviation TBN is entered.

(until the moment of boarding).

EMERGENCY AND SURVIVAL EQUIPMENT

In the flight plan form, you cross out what you do not have, while in the AFNT
message, you must write down the equipment you have. Within the equipment we
have

R/ COMMUNICATIONS TEAM

U when 234.0 MHZ (UHF) frequency is available

V when the frequency 121.5MHZ (VHF) is available

If there is an emergency radio beacon for aircraft location

(ELBA)

S/ SURVIVAL EQUIPMENT

P polar rescue team.

D desert rescue team.

M maritime rescue team.

J jungle rescue equipment.

J Life jackets

L Equipped with lights.

F When they are fluorescent

U If any vest is equipped with a radio that emits on the UHF frequency of 243.0

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MHZ.

V If any vest is equipped with a VHF 121.5MHZ radio frequency.

D/ NUMBER OF LIFEBOATS AND TOTAL CAPACITY.

The total number of lifeboats on board the aircraft and their total capacity are
included.

If the jars are not covered, the letter C must be crossed out, and their color must be
placed in the box immediately following:

TO/ COLOR AND MARKINGS OF THE AIRSHIP

The color of the aircraft and its characteristic markings

N/ OBSERVATIONS

Includes all other survival equipment on board and any other information related to
it. If you do not have additional equipment, the letter N must be crossed out.

C/ NAME OF THE PILOT

Presented by:

The name of the agency, company or person that presents the corresponding flight
plan is entered.

Acceptance:

Identify the acceptance of the flight plan in a precise manner by the corresponding
ATS authority

BOXES 20 ALERT INFORMATION

Used only in emergency messages, it contains vital information for search and
rescue efforts. It is made up of EIGHT (8) elements, which must be in strict order
and separated by spaces.

If you do not have any of the data required here, the abbreviation “NIL”Ose must be
placed in the message text.

UNKNOWN”, is composed of:

THE IDENTITY OF THE EXPLOITER

The full name of the company that owns the aircraft in open text or, failing that, its
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designated radio telephone number.

Example AEROPACO, SIDERABLE AIRLINES.

ATS DEPENDENCY WITH WHICH YOU HAD THE LAST CONTACT:

SIX (6) LETTERS that identify the ATS unit, with which the last contact was made
in both directions, or in case you do not know the description of the unit.

SKEDZQ

NOW FROM THE LAST CONTACT:

FOUR FIGURES: indicating the exact time in which the last contact took place in
both directions.

FREQUENCY OF LAST CONTACT:

The numbers necessary to indicate the frequency of transmissions/reception of the

last contact made.

LAST POSITION NOTIFIED:

Identification of the last point reported by the aircraft, according to the names
assigned for this purpose by the ICAO, as far as reporting points are concerned,
followed by the time of crossing over said position.

METHOD TO DETERMINE THE LAST KNOWN POSITION

Identify the equipment with which the last position of the aircraft was determined, in
open text if necessary.

MEASURES ADOPTED BY THE NOTIFYING DEPENDENCY:

Information about the measures taken by the ATS unit that notified the emergency,
in open text.

OTHER RELEVANT DATA.

If you have other information that is considered important for search and rescue
efforts, it should be placed in this field.

EXAMPLE:

AEROPACO SKEDZQ 10022 126.7 RIO GUAVIARE 1022 PILOT

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NOTIFIED TO BE OVER RIO GUAVIARE ATS/SAR DEPENDENCIES ALERTED
NIL)

ORIGINATORS

FLIGHT INFORMATION CENTERS (FIC)

ARE ACC CONTROL CENTERS

THEY ARE IN CHARGE OF ORIGINATING THE ALERT MESSAGES

SENDERS

IT IS FUNDAMENTAL FOR AERONAUTICAL PERSONNEL WORKING ON THE

GROUND TO CODE AND DECODE THE INFORMATION IN ALERT MESSAGES
AND CORRECTLY COORDINATE IT.

Group of eight (8) letters, made up of the 4-letter ICAO location indicator, plus 3
letters of the ATS unit designator that sends the message followed by the letter X,
or another letter that identifies the division of the ATS units who sends the
message.

RECIPIENTS.

OTHER ATS UNITS, WITH THE APPROPRIATE RESCUE COORDINATOR

CENTERS AND WITH THE AIRCRAFT OPERATOR

FORMAT.

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The alert messages will contain the following data: 3. Type of numbering and
message reference data.
7.Identification of the aircraft
5 description of the
and SSR key mode
emergency.
9.Type of aircraft and category
8.flight rules and
of turbulent wake.
type of flight.

10 Team
13. Departure aerodrome and time

15.Route.

16. Destination aerodrome and

Total planned duration, Alternative

Aerodromes 18. Other information Using

more than one line If necessary.

1 9.Supplementary information

(using more than one if necessary).

20 . Search alert information

And rescue. (using more than one

line if necessary)

CONTENT OF SALVAGE
NOTIFICATIONS

The ATS units that notify the emergency of

some aircraft, in addition to taking all the
measures inherent in their responsibility to
guarantee the safety of the aircraft, must
also notify the rescue coordination centers
that have jurisdiction over the airspace
over which the aircraft flies, the notification TO THE COORDINATING CENTERS
will contain the following information, preferably in the following order:

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 d) Alarm Phase as appropriate: INCERFA, ALERFA or
BEHIND.

e) Service and caller;

f) Emergency class;

(problems affecting the aircraft).

d) Appropriate information contained in the flight plan.

e) ATS unit that established the last communication, time, means used;

F) Last position message and how it was determined.

g) Colors and distinctive markings of the aircraft.

h) Dangerous goods transported as cargo.

11) Any measure taken by the agency making the notification; and

j) Other pertinent observations.

The following data must also be provided to the rescue coordination center:

a) any additional information regarding the status of the state of alarm through the
different successive phases; or

b) Information that the alarm state has ceased to exist. Alert cancellation.

GLOSSARY

HUMAN PERFORMANCE: human capabilities and limitations that impact the safety
and efficiency of aeronautical operations.

AIR REPORTING: report of an aircraft in flight prepared

compliance with deposition information or operational or meteorological information
requirements.

ALTITUDE: vertical distance between a level, point or object considered as a point,

and the mean sea level (MSL).

HEIGHT: vertical distance between a level, point or object considered as a point,

and a specified reference.

PATH DOWN DATA AUTHORITY: A designated ground system other than the
current data authority through which the pilot may contact an appropriate ATC unit
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for the purpose of receiving subsequent clearance.

NEXT DATA AUTHORITY: The ground system so designated by the current data
authority through which the forward transfer of communications and control is
accomplished.

CURRENT DATA AUTHORITY: The designated ground system through which

CPDLC dialogue is authorized between a pilot and a controller currently
responsible for the flight.

MESSAGE FIELD: The allocated part of a message containing specified data

elements.

FREQUENCY CHANNEL: continuous portion of the frequency spectrum,

appropriate for transmission in which a specific type of emission is used.

OPERATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL CHANNEL: aeronautical fixed service (AFS)

channel, for the exchange of aeronautical meteorological information.

COMMUNICATIONS CENTER: aeronautical fixed station that retransmits

telecommunications traffic from other (or to other) aeronautical fixed stations
directly connected to it.

AFTN COMMUNICATIONS CENTER: AFTN station whose primary function is the

retransmission of AFTN traffic from other (or to other) AFTN stations connected to
it.

TELETYPE TAPE: tape on which signals are recorded in a 5-unit start-stop code,
using perforations (Chad Type) or semi-perforations (Chadles Type) for
transmission over teletype circuits.
AERONAUTICAL FIXED TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK CIRCUIT: circuit
that is part of the aeronautical fixed telecommunications network (AFTN).

AERONAUTICAL FIXED CIRCUIT: circuit that is part of the aeronautical fixed

service (AFS).

ATS DIRECT SPEAKER CIRCUIT: telephone circuit of the aeronautical fixed

service (AFS), for the direct exchange of information between the air traffic services
(ATS) units.

COLLECTION: A procedure by which the receiving station repeats a received

message or an appropriate part of it to the transmitting station in order to obtain
confirmation that the reception has been correct.

AIR-GROUND COMMUNICATION: communication in both directions between

aircraft and stations or points located on the earth's surface.

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AIR TO GROUND COMMUNICATION: one-way communication, from aircraft to
stations or points located on the earth's surface.

OPERATIONS CONTROL COMMUNICATIONS: communications necessary to

exercise authority regarding the initiation, continuation, deviation or termination of a
flight, in the interest of the safety of the aircraft and the regularity and effectiveness
of a flight.

AIR-AIR INTERPILOT COMMUNICATION: communication in both directions over

the designated air-air channel so that, on flights over remote and oceanic areas,
aircraft that are out of range of VHF ground stations can exchange necessary
operational information and to facilitate the resolution of operational difficulties.

GROUND-TO-AIR COMMUNICATION: one-way communication from stations or

points located on the earth's surface to aircraft.

OFF-NET COMMUNICATIONS: radiotelephone communications

carried out by a station of the aeronautical mobile service, other than those carried
out as part of the radiotelephone network.

CONTROLLER-PILOT DATA LINK COMMUNICATIONS (CPDLC): The

communication between the controller and the pilot, via data link for ATC
communications.

DUPLEX: method by which telecommunications between two stations can be

carried out simultaneously in both directions.

AIRCRAFT OPERATING COMPANY: person, organization or company that is

dedicated or proposes to be dedicated to the operation of aircraft.
AERONAUTICAL STATION (RR S1.81): land station of the aeronautical mobile
service. In certain cases, an aeronautical station may be installed, for example, on
board a ship or an offshore platform.

AFTN STATION: station that is part of the aeronautical fixed telecommunications

network (AFTN) and that functions as such under the authority or control of a State.

DESTINATION AFTN STATION: AFTN station to which digital messages or data

are directed for processing and delivery to the recipient.

AFTN STATION OF ORIGIN: AFTN station where digital messages or data are
accepted for transmission on the AFTN.

AIRCRAFT STATION (RR S1.83): mobile station of the aeronautical mobile service
installed on board an aircraft, other than a ship station or life-saving device.

NETWORK STATION: aeronautical station that is part of a radiotelephone network.

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AIR-GROUND CONTROL RADIO STATION: aeronautical telecommunications
station that, as its main responsibility, is in charge of communications related to the
operation and control of aircraft in a certain area.

AERODROME CONTROL RADIO STATION: station used for radio

communications between the aerodrome control tower and aircraft or aeronautical
mobile stations.

RADIGONIOMETRY STATION (RR S1.91): station

radiodetermination that uses radio direction finding.

AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS STATION: aeronautical

telecommunications service station.

AERONAUTICAL FIXED STATION. Aeronautical fixed service station.

SURFACE MOBILE STATION: station of the aeronautical telecommunications

service, other than an aircraft station, intended for use while in motion or when
stopped at undetermined points.

REGULAR STATION: a station chosen from among those that form an air-
terrestrial radiotelephone network en route, so that, under normal conditions, it
communicates with aircraft or intercepts their communications.

TRIBUTARY STATION: aeronautical fixed station that can receive or transmit

digital messages or data, but that does not retransmit them except to provide
service to similar stations connected through it to a communications center.
ROUTING GUIDE: a list, in a communications center, indicating the outgoing circuit
to be used for each recipient.

MAIN FREQUENCY: radiotelephony frequency assigned to an aircraft for

preferential use in air-ground communications of a radiotelephone network.

SECONDARY FREQUENCY: radiotelephony frequency assigned to an aircraft for

secondary use in air-ground communications of a radiotelephone network.

LOCATION INDICATOR: A four-letter code group formulated in accordance with

the provisions prescribed by ICAO and assigned to the location where an
aeronautical fixed station is located.

AUTOMATIC RETRANSMISSION INSTALLATION: A teletype installation in which

automatic equipment is used for the transfer of messages from input circuits to
output circuits.

FULLY AUTOMATIC RETRANSMISSION FACILITY: A teletype installation in

which the interpretation of the responsibility of the relay for the message being

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received and the establishment of the connections necessary to make the
appropriate retransmissions are carried out automatically, as well as all other
normal functions thus avoiding the need for operator intervention except for
monitoring purposes.

TRIP TAPE RETRANSMISSION FACILITY – A teletype facility in which messages

are received and retransmitted in the form of a ticker tape and in which all relay
functions are performed with operator intervention.

SEMIAUTOMATIC RETRANSMISSION INSTALLATION: A teletype installation in

which the interpretation of the responsibility of the retransmission with respect to
the message being received and the establishment of the necessary connections to
make the appropriate retransmissions require the intervention of an operator, but in
which all Other normal broadcast functions are carried out automatically.

FLIGHT LEVEL: surface of constant atmospheric pressure related to a certain

pressure reference, 1,013.2 hectopascals (hPa), separated from other analogous
surfaces by certain pressure intervals.

NOTAM: notice distributed by telecommunications means that contains information

related to the establishment, condition or modification of any aeronautical facility,
service, procedure or danger, the timely knowledge of which is essential for the
personnel in charge of flight operations.

AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS ORGANIZATION: organism

responsible for the operation of one or more stations of the aeronautical
telecommunications service.

BROADCASTING: transmission of information relating to air navigation that is not

directed to any specific station or stations.

RADIOGONIOMETRY (RR S1.12): radiodetermination that uses the reception of

radio waves to determine the direction of a station or an object.

RADIO MARKING: determined angle in a radio direction finding station, formed by

the apparent direction produced by the emission of electromagnetic waves coming
from a certain point, and another reference direction. True radio bearing is one
whose reference direction is true north. Magnetic radio marking is one whose
reference direction is magnetic north.

LANDSCAPING: A procedure that consists of using the direction-finding equipment

of a radio station in combination with the transmission of another radio station,
when at least one of the stations is mobile, and by which the mobile station
continuously navigates towards the other.

AERONAUTICAL FIXED TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK (AFTN): complete

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and global system of aeronautical fixed circuits arranged as part of the aeronautical
fixed service, for the exchange of messages or numerical data between
aeronautical fixed stations that have identical or compatible communication
characteristics.

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OPERATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK:
Integrated system of operational meteorological channels, as part of the
aeronautical fixed service (AFS), for the exchange of aeronautical meteorological
information between the aeronautical fixed stations that are within the network.

RADIOTELEPHONE NETWORK: group of aeronautical radiotelephone stations

that use and observe the same frequencies and that help each other, in a manner
established in advance, to achieve maximum security of air-land communications
and the diffusion of air-land traffic.

AUTOMATIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGISTRATION: electrical or mechanical

registration of the activities of an aeronautical telecommunications station.
AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGISTRY: record that records the
activities of an aeronautical telecommunications station.

AERONAUTICAL BROADCASTING SERVICE: broadcasting service dedicated to

the transmission of information related to air navigation.

AERONAUTICAL RADIONAVIGATION SERVICE (RR S1.46): radio navigation

service intended for aircraft and their safe operation.

AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE: Service

telecommunications that occurs for any aeronautical purpose.

AERONAUTICAL FIXED SERVICE (AFS): telecommunications service between

specific fixed points, which is provided primarily for the safety of air navigation and
to ensure that the operation of air services is regular, efficient and economical.

INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE: Service

telecommunications between offices or stations of different States, or between
mobile stations that are not located in the same State or that are subject to different
States.

AERONAUTICAL MOBILE SERVICE (RR S1.32): mobile service between

aeronautical stations and aircraft stations, or between aircraft stations, in which ship
or rescue device stations may also participate; Emergency location radio beacon
stations operating on designated distress and emergency frequencies may also be
considered included in this service.

AERONAUTICAL MOBILE SATELLITE SERVICE (RR S1.35): mobile satellite

service in which mobile earth stations are located on board 92
aircraft; Boat or rescue device stations and accident location radio beacon stations
may also be considered included in this service.

AERONAUTICAL MOBILE SERVICE (R)* (RR S1.33): aeronautical mobile service

reserved for aeronautical communications related to the safety and regularity of
flights, mainly on national or international civil aviation routes.

AERONAUTICAL MOBILE (R)* SATELLITE SERVICE (RR S1.36): aeronautical

mobile satellite service reserved for communications related to the safety and
regularity of flights, mainly on national or international civil aviation routes.

SIMPLEX: method in which telecommunications between two stations are carried

out in one direction each time.
SNOWTAM: NOTAM of a special series that notifies by means of a specified
format, the presence or elimination of hazardous conditions due to snow, slush, ice
or standing water related to snow, slush or ice in the movement area.

TELECOMMUNICATION (RR S1.3): any transmission, emission or reception of

signs, signals, writings, images, sounds or information of any nature by wire,
radioelectricity, optical means or other electromagnetic systems.

ROUTE SECTION: route or part of it that is generally flown without intermediate

stops.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Annex 10 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, ICAO:

Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications. Volume II: Communications
procedures including those with PANS status, October 2001.

• COLOMBIAN INSTITUTE OF STANDARDIZATION AND CERTIFICATION.

Documentation. Presentation of thesis, degree works and other research
works. NTC1486. Bogotá DC: The institute, 2008. 41p.

• COLOMBIAN INSTITUTE OF STANDARDIZATION AND CERTIFICATION.

Bibliographic references. Content, form and structure. NTC 5613. Bogotá
DC: The Institute, 2008. 38 p.

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