Mejía National Institute

Physical education

Names: Ángelo Alomoto Course: 3 BGU “G”

Jose Miguel Arias
Sebastian Farinango
Paul Vilaña

Topic: The athletics track

Objective: Learn about the athletics track through research, obtaining precise data in
order to obtain new knowledge on this topic.

What is the athletic track?

The athletic track is the place where athletics races are held; It has an oval shape and
tends to be red in color delimited by white markings to separate lanes for runners

Running track
The athletics track is made up of two parallel straight lines and two equal curves. It
must have between 6 and 8 “lanes” 1.22 m wide, and a pit adaptable to the 3000-
meter obstacle course. Indoors, meanwhile, the length of the track is 200 meters and
the curve can be increased to a maximum of 18 degrees. The number of streets should
be 4 to 6.

The texture of the athletics track has evolved quite a bit over the years, being at first
dirt, then grass at the beginning of the century, and then ash, a type of clay. The year
1960 was characterized by the appearance of synthetic surfaces, while the 3M
company created polyurethane surfaces in 1967. The tartan appeared for the first time
in 1968, at the Olympic Games in Mexico. As a curious fact, it should be noted that the
red color of the track was chosen for its resistance to UV (ultraviolet) rays from the
sun.

In turn, the throwing areas are made up of an impulse zone delimited by a circle made
with an iron band whose diameter varies depending on the discipline: 2,135 meters for
the weight and hammer, and 2.50 meters for the discus. Its coating can be concrete or
asphalt.

The jumping areas are made of synthetic material. The long jump and triple jump have
a track that measures 40 meters long and 1.22 meters wide, ending in a reception pit 9
meters long and 2.75 meters wide (filled with fine sand). ).

Athletics track characteristics

After basically mentioning the characteristics of an athletics track, we are going to

delve a little deeper into this topic. As we said, an athletics stadium is mainly made up
of the racing track, the jumping area and the throwing area . In its construction, there
are several factors that must be taken into account, as these could affect the final
design and construction (for example, financial, space, dimensions, capacity, climate
and altitude).

The stadiums are the perfect setting for passionate athletes of rugby , field hockey ,
soccer and, of course, the track for all athletics specialties as such.

According to international statutes, an athletics track must comply with certain official
regulations for high performance competitions . For example, races that take place
outdoors, such as the 400-meter dash, must be carried out on the entire oval track.

Main track

In itself, the main track must have the following characteristics:

 Two parallel straight lines.

 Two identical curves.
 Have between six and eight streets 1.22 meters wide.
 A pit adaptable to the 3000 meter obstacle course (the estuary).

Running track texture

As we said at the beginning of this article, the texture of the athletics track has evolved
over the years, initially being dirt, then grass, and later ash (a kind of clay).

Already in the 60s, athletics tracks began to appear with synthetic surfaces made with
products such as polyurethane and tartan, which was seen for the first time in Mexico
68, as well as the reddish color of the soil conducive to resistance to ultraviolet rays.
from the sun and as a potential improvement for runners.

Athletics track measurements

The usual thing is that the width of a street is 1.25 meters . If we take this into account,
and that the length of street 1 would be 400 meters , the rest of them would have the
following measurements:

Street 2: 407.85 meters.

Street 3: 415.70 meters.

Street 4: 423.56 meters.

Street 5: 431.41 meters.

Street 6: 439.26 meters.

Street 7: 447.12 meters.

Street 8: 454.97 meters.

Specialties practiced on the athletics track

 Sprint races: short races on indoor athletics tracks, in which distances of up to

60 meters are run and outdoors over distances of up to 400 meters.
 Hurdle races: tests in which series of 10 hurdles made with materials such as
wood and metal are overcome, of which the best known, for both men and
women, are the 110 meter hurdles (which are run with the so-called high
hurdles up to 400 meters, while low fences are used at 3000 meters).
 Relay races: races in teams of four members in which a runner runs the
indicated distance, then passing a rigid tube called a “witness” to the next
runner and doing the same with the rest of the members of his team until
completing the total distance. of the career.
 Road races:

– Middle distance: Those races that cover between 600 and 3000 meters are known as
middle distance races. This version is not an Olympic sport.

– Long distance : practiced at distances greater than 3,000 meters and are generally
known as marathons.

– Walking : walking races are normally carried out on routes that range between 1500
meters and 50 kilometers, and are mainly popular in various countries of the Old
Continent and in the United States of America. The fundamental rule of this type of
competition is that the heel of the front foot has to remain in contact with the ground
until the toe of the back foot stops making contact with it.

 Throwing: the athlete in this discipline must throw devices such as the hammer,
discus, javelin, weight or bullet.

Areas of an athletics track

Each facility dedicated to athletics must have competition areas for running, walking,
jumping and throwing, all within the main stadium area and with the characteristics
already mentioned.

Careers

 The “circular” track, with 4 streets or lanes of at least 1 meter each, and the
safety zones, which will measure no less than 1 meter inside the track and
preferably 1 meter outside.
 The 100 meter straight, with at least 6 lanes.
 The obstacle course course, which is the same as the circle track.
Jumps

 Long jump with a corridor of at least 40 meters; take-off board (1.22 meters),
located between 1 and 3 meters from the closest edge of the landing pit, and
the landing pit (which must be a minimum of 2.75 meters wide and with the
farthest end no less than 10 meters away from the start line).
 Triple jump: actually the same as for the long jump, except in international
competitions. In them, the take-off board is located 13 meters for men and 11
meters for women, always from the closest edge of the landing pit.
 High jump with a semicircular hallway: it must have a minimum radius of 20
meters and a landing area that measures 5 meters by 3 meters (again we are
talking about minimum measurements).
 Pole vault with corridor: minimum of 40 meters, box to insert the pole and
landing area (with a minimum of 6.50 meters by 5 meters).

Releases

 Discus with throwing circle (2.50 meters in diameter), protective cage and fall
sector (80 meters in radius, 54.72 meters of rope).
 Hammer with throwing circle (2.135 meters in diameter), protective cage and
fall sector (90 meters in radius, 61.56 meters of rope).
 Javelin with corridor (30 meters to 36.50 meters by 4 meters), bow with a
radius of 8 m. and fall sector (100 m. radius, 50.00 m. of rope)
  Weight with launching circle (2.135 meters diameter), container (1.22 meters)
and drop sector (25 meters radius, 17.10 meters rope).

TYPES OF COMPETITION FACILITIES

Competition area for races

The racing competition area includes:

- The "Circular" Track with at least 4 lanes (400 m. + 0.04 x 1.22 m. ± 0.01) and the
security zones that will measure no less than 1.00 m. inside the track and preferably
1.00 m. abroad.

- The straight line with at least 6 lanes (100 m. + 0.02 x 1.22m. ± 0.01 for the sprint and
110 m races. + 0.02 x 1.22m. ± 0.01 for hurdle races).
The starting area: 3 m. minimum.

The area after the finish line: 17 m. minimum.

- The obstacle course track is the same as the "circular" track with a permanent
"estuary" (3.66 m x 3.66 m. x 0.70 m) located inside or outside the second curve.

Competition area for jumping

The competition area for jumping includes:

- The facility for the long jump with hallway (40 m. minimum x 1.22 m ± 0.01), take-off
board (1.22 m. ±0.01 x 0.20m. ± 0.02 x 0.10 m ± 0.01) located between 1 and 3 m. from
the nearest edge of the drop pit, and the drop pit (minimum 2.75 m. wide and with the
farthest end no less than 10 m. of the takeoff line).

- The installation for the triple jump is the same as for the long jump, except in
international competitions in which the take-off board is located at 13 m. for men and
11 m. for women, from the nearest edge of the fall pit. For any other type of
competition this distance will be appropriate for the level of the competition.
- The installation for the high jump with a semicircular corridor (minimum 20 m.
radius ) and drop zone (minimum 5 m. x 3 m.)

- The installation for pole vault with a corridor (minimum 40 m. x 1.22 m. ± 0.01), box
to insert the pole and drop area (minimum 6.50 m. x 5 m.).

Competition area for throws

The throwing competition area includes:

- The discus throwing facility with a throwing circle (2.50 m. ± 0.005 diameter),
protective cage and fall sector (80 m. radius, 54.72 m. of rope).
- The hammer throw facility with a throwing circle (2,135 m. ±0.005m. in diameter),
protective cage and fall sector (90 m. radius, 61.56 m. of rope).

- The javelin throwing facility with a corridor (30 m. at 36.50 m. x 4 m.), arch with a
radius of 8 m. and fall sector (100 m. radius, 50.00 m. of rope).

- The shot put facility with a throwing circle (2,135 m. ± 0.005 diameter), container
(1.22 m. ±0.01 x 0.112 x 0.10m. ± 0.02) and fall sector (25 m. radius, 17.10 m. of rope).

Comment:

This consultation was very useful to us since it made us know countless things that we did not
know about the athletics track, one practices the sport but we do not realize the theoretical
part and with this investigation we managed to understand the entire aspect in more depth.
theoretical of the athletics track and not only the practical.

Bibliography:

https://www.deportes.info/pista-de-atletismo/

http://www.atletismogranadajoven.es/la-pista-de-atletismo/

https://atletismo1.wordpress.com/atletismo-de-pista-2/

MEJIA
NATION
AL PHYSIC
INSTITU
"RUNNIAL