Case 3- (Measurement Tools)

Presented by:

Yohenis Paola Fajardo. Code:

Fernando Darío Guerrero . Code: 1.129.577.005

Tutor:

Geiner E. Padilla Wardrobe

Cluster:

212044_1

National Open and Distance University- UNAD

Program: Industrial engineering

Course: Ergonomics and Human Factors

December 30, 2022

 Introduction .

The basis of the ergonomic analysis of a job consists of a detailed description of the task or

job, for which we use the measurement and analysis of the job in order to collect the

necessary information to determine if the job work is in accordance with ergonomic

measures, taking into account the profile of the worker and the activities carried out during

the work day.

This work allows us to assess the ergonomics of a job or a work system; it is necessary to

use specific measurement methodologies and tools. Some of the most common

methodologies and tools include:

1. Task analysis: this analysis consists of examining in detail the tasks performed by

the worker, to identify movements, postures, forces and other factors that may affect

ergonomics.

2. Job evaluation: This process involves measuring the characteristics of the job, such

as table height, lighting, and available space, to evaluate its suitability for the

worker.

3. Movement analysis: this analysis consists of observing the worker's movements

during the performance of their tasks, to identify patterns and evaluate the physical

and mental effort they require.

 4. Workload assessment: This process involves measuring the physical and mental

effort required to perform a task or set of tasks, to evaluate the level of workload

and determine if it is appropriate for the worker.

5. Interviews and surveys: these techniques consist of conducting interviews or

surveys with workers to obtain information about their experiences at work and

their opinions about the ergonomics of their workplace.

Therefore, we analyze the definition of ergonomics as a science that deals with the design

and evaluation of work systems, with the aim of maximizing efficiency and minimizing the

physical and mental effort and fatigue of workers. The ultimate goal of ergonomics is to

improve the quality of life and health of people at work, and also to increase productivity

and efficiency.

Goals.
General:

Apply methodologies and measuring instruments for the ergonomic assessment and design

of tools, equipment, workstations, machines, that adjust to the user's needs.

Specifics:

 Determine the measuring instruments that are required to be able to take the

anthropometric measurements mentioned in the case study.

 Identify the characteristics and uses of anthropometric measurement instruments.

Select an anthropometric measurement instrument (other than the anthropometric

tape) as a collaborative work group.

 Prepare a flyer with the selected anthropometric measurement instrument, creatively

presenting its characteristics and usability.

 Carry out the anthropometric measurement of one (1) person who works in the

administrative area (office position) and carry out the measurement of the job to

establish whether the dimensions of the job of each of the identified people comply

with the anthropometric dimensions .

 Collect information from anthropometric measurements in a drive.

Development of the activity.

Determine the measuring instruments that are required to be able to take the

anthropometric measurements mentioned in the case study.

To take anthropometric measurements in a storage of medical supplies and orthotic material

for surgeries, the following measuring instruments can be used:

1. Tape measure: Used to measure the length of objects, such as the width of an

instrument tray or the length of an orthosis.

2. Ruler: Used to measure the height or depth of objects, such as the height of a shelf

or the depth of a drawer.

3. Scale: Used to measure the weight of objects, such as the weight of an IV bag or the

weight of a prosthesis.

4. Caliper: Used to measure the diameter of objects, such as the diameter of a drain

pipe or the diameter of a fixing rod.

5. Rangefinder: Used to measure the distance between two points, such as the distance

between the floor and the ceiling of a storage room or the distance between two

shelves.

6. HEADMETER: Metric scale supported on a vertical plane and a table or horizontal

plane with a sliding cursor to contact the top of the head or vertex. Precision 1mm.

It is used to measure the height and sitting size of the student. It will be calibrated

periodically by checking with another tape measure the distance between the

horizontal and different levels of the slider.

7. SCALE: Scale for weighing people with a precision of 100 grams. Used to obtain

the weight of the student. For calibration, weights of different kilos will be used,

covering the scale of the sample to be measured (low, medium and high).
 8. ANTHROPOMETER: It is a metric scale with two branches, one fixed and the

other that moves. The branches can be straight and curved with olives. Precision

1mm. Body segments, large diameters and heights are measured. The articulation of

the metric scale, with new segments, allows measuring lengths of up to 2 meters.

9. PACHEMETER OR SMALL DIAMETER COMPASS: Graduated sliding

compass, with a depth of 5º mm in its branches, with a measurement capacity of 0

to 250 mm, and precision of 1 mm. It is used to measure small diameters.

10. SKIN FOLD PLICOMETER OR COMPASS: With measurement capacity from

0 to 48 mm, and precision of 0.2 mm. The pressure in its branches is constant (10

g/mm2) regardless of its opening. It is used to measure adipose panniculus. A

simple method of calibrating this instrument is to fix it to a vice and suspend

weights from the lower branch. The compass must be adjusted so that the branches

remain open in any position, maintaining a pressure of 10 g/mm2 for the different

calibration weights.

Keep in mind that these are just some examples of the measuring instruments that can be

used to take anthropometric measurements in a storage of medical supplies and orthotic

material for surgeries. Depending on the specific measurement needs, additional measuring

instruments may be necessary.

Identify the characteristics and uses of anthropometric measurement instruments.

Anthropometric measurement instruments are those used to measure the dimensions and

characteristics of the human body. Some of the characteristics and uses of these instruments

are the following:

1. Tape measure: It is a portable and easy-to-use tool used to measure the length of

objects, including muscle size, waist circumference, and arm and leg length.

2. Weight scale: It is a tool used to measure the weight of the human body. There are

different types of weight scales, including mechanical scales, digital scales, and

bathroom scales.

3. Plimsoll: It is a tool used to measure the height of the human body. It is mainly used

in the medical field and is placed on the floor for the patient to stand on.

4. Caliper: It is a tool used to measure the thickness or diameter of the skin and

muscles. It is primarily used to assess body fat percentage and to perform muscle

measurements.

5. Rangefinder: It is a tool used to measure the distance between two points. It is used

in the medical field to measure the distance between specific points on the human

body, such as the distance between the navel and the ground or the distance between

the waist and the ground.

6. Anthropometer: An anthropometer is a rod-based tool that can be configured for

many body measurements. Anthropometer may also refer to a short or long bone

anthropometer.

An anthropometer is a tool for measuring the lengths and widths of bones in the

human body.
 7. Short Bone Anthropometer: A small bone anthropometer is a sliding caliper

usually between 140-200mm used to measure the width of small bones, such as

wrist, knee, elbow, ankle.

8. Long Bone Anthropometer: A long bone anthropometer is a sliding caliper that

usually has a reach of 600 mm and is used to measure large bones, such as shoulder

width and chest depth.

Chest depth can also be measured by a width gauge.

9. Chest Depth Gauge: A Chest Depth Gauge measures the depth of the anterior-

posterior chest, shoulder and pelvis, typically having a range of 50cm/20 inches.

10. Segmometer: A Segmometer measures the height of the knee and other bone

lengths, such as the forearm. It can also be used to locate the midpoint of the upper

arm for body test measurement

A segmometer typically has a range of 3 m and is the size of a standard handheld

tape measure for easy portability.

11. Knee Height Gauge: A knee height gauge is a rigid sliding gauge with long

branches used to measure the distance from the bottom of the foot to the knee. That

measurement can be used to calculate the height of people who cannot stand.

The above are some examples of anthropometric measurement instruments and there are

many other types of instruments that can be used to measure the dimensions and

characteristics of the human body.

Select an anthropometric measurement instrument (other than the anthropometric

tape) as a collaborative work group.

Caliper

Prepare a flyer with the selected anthropometric measurement instrument, creatively

presenting its characteristics and usability.

Link:

https://www.canva.com/design/DAFV549xDnI/l6Y2hZ4NMLitWedDey4naA/edit?
utm_content=DAFV549xDnI&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link2&utm_sour
ce=sharebutton

Each of the members of the collaborative work group must carry out the

anthropometric measurement of one (1) person who works in the administrative area

(office position) and measure the workplace to establish whether the dimensions of the

workplace of each of the identified people meets the anthropometric dimensions.

Yohenis Paola Fajardo

Anthropometric measurement is carried out on the administrative assistant.

1. Height: 1.75 meters

2. Weight: 70 kilograms

3. Waist circumference: 84 centimeters

4. Arm length: 63 centimeters

 5. Chest circumference: 95 centimeters

Job measurements:

1. Desk height: 75 centimeters

2. Desk width: 120 centimeters

3. Desk depth: 60 centimeters

4. Chair height: 45 centimeters

5. Chair width: 50 centimeters

6. Chair depth: 45 centimeters

7. Keyboard height: 7 centimeters

8. Keyboard width: 44 centimeters

9. Keyboard depth: 18 centimeters

These are just some measurements as an example and other additional measurements may

be necessary depending on the characteristics of the job. It is also important to remember

that these measurements may vary depending on the person and their physical

characteristics, and that it is important to adjust the workplace to individual needs to ensure

a comfortable and ergonomic posture.

Fernando Darío Guerrero

An anthropometric measurement is carried out on an assistant from the payroll area of the

company CAYL SAS

 6. Height: 1.73 meters

7. Weight: 75 kilograms

8. Waist circumference: 90 centimeters

9. Arm length: 83 centimeters

10. Chest circumference: 90 centimeters

Job:

1. Desk:

2. Job dimensions:

o The work surface is 150*60.5cm

o The height of the desk is 72 cm

o The side bar is located at a distance from the front of 37.5 cm

o The distance between the floor and the drawers is 24.8 cm

o The access space is 67.5 cm.

 Conclusions.

In this work you can understand that ergonomic value is a process that allows you to

evaluate whether a tool, equipment, workplace or machine meets the physical and

psychological needs of the user and if it provides a safe and comfortable work environment.

Therefore, it is necessary to use different methodologies and techniques, such as task

analysis, posture and movement analysis, and evaluation of working conditions. It is

necessary to keep in mind the different measurement instruments that can be used to collect

data and perform measurements during the ergonomic assessment process, such as tape

measures, calipers, plimsolls, weight scales, and rangefinders. It is important to select the

appropriate measuring instruments based on the characteristics and needs of the user and

the workplace, and ensure that they are calibrated and in good condition. (Yohenis

Fajardo)

From the previous activity, it can be seen the importance of knowing the ergonomic

guidelines in each workplace in order to mitigate future injuries that will prohibit us from

carrying out certain activities for carrying out activities in an inappropriate manner. Injuries

can occur in the back, hands , muscles and other extremities, which is why anthropometric

measurements and job analysis are very important to carry out periodically in companies to

minimize the risks of workplace accidents and possible injuries to workers. ( Fernando

Darío Guerrero)

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