ECE0069L

ECE ELECTIVE LAB

Design of FM Broadcasting Station (Tagaytay, Cavite)

14°08'33.3"N 121°01'18.7"E

Submitted by:
Francisco, Ian Paolo C.
Manzanero, John Harvey A.
Tribiana, Judgelle F.

Submitted to:
Engr. Danilyn Joy O. Aquino, M.Sc.
Instructor

Date Submitted:
June 19, 2024
Part I. Theoretical Background (Factors to Consider)

FM transmitter, another term for Frequency Modulation transmitters, plays a vital role in radio
broadcasting. These are the electronic devices that convert audio signals into radio waves and transmit
them over a specific frequency range. FM transmitters are widely used in various applications, including
commercial and community radio stations. [1]

For population density, positioning the transmitter closer to that location can ensure stronger signal
reception for a larger number of potential listeners. This is effective in urban environments where there is
a high concentration of potential listeners within a limited geographic area.

• Accessibility and Safety: Choosing a location that is easily accessible for maintenance and
monitoring purposes. This will ensure that is safe to access and complies with any applicable
safety regulations
• Local Regulations: Comply with any local regulations and regulations and permits related to FM
transmitter installation.
• Interference Considerations: Evaluate the surrounding environment for potential sources of
interference.
• Grounding and Electrical Infrastructure: Ensure that the chosen location has proper grounding and
electrical infrastructure to support the FM transmitter’s power requirements.

In high elevation positioning the antenna at a higher elevation, such as on a tower or rooftop, it increases
the line of sight and reduces obstructions that can hinder signal propagation. This allows the transmitter to
reach a wider area and extends the coverage range.

List of radio stations in the area [1]:

1. 95.9 MHz - DWSU-FM (De La Salle University Dasmariñas) - Dasmariñas, Cavite

2. 98.4 MHz - 98.4 CSFM (Kaissar Broadcasting Network) - Bacoor, Cavite

Location

Coordinates: 14°08'33.3"N 121°01'18.7"E

Elevation: 715 meters [3]
Cities within 10 km radius (Low-Power FM Station) of Tagaytay, Cavite: Amadeo, Mendez,
Indang, Talisay, Silang [4]
Population density per city: Tagaytay – 85,330, Amadeo – 41,901, Mendez -34,879, Indang –
68,699, Talisay – 46,238, Silang – 295,644 [5]
No. of population in Tagaytay, Cavite: 85,330 [5]
Frequency chosen: 99.1 MHz
Frequency range:
99.1 MHz + 0.8 MHz = 99.9 MHz
99.1 MHz - 0.8 MHz = 98.3 MHz
Part II. Discussion of the Selected Location

TAGAYTAY, CAVITE [2]

Figure 1. Topographic map with coordinates

Figure 1 shows the topographic map of the chosen location for the FM radio station with its coordinates.
The location that has been chosen for setting up the FM broadcasting station is based on the factors
discussed. The location is in Tagaytay city due to its several advantages that align with the considerations
outlined above.

Figure 2. Topographic map with elevation

Figure 2 shows the topographic map of the location with reference to elevation.[4] Furthermore, the area
is elevated compared to its surroundings. The chosen area is specifically located in Mount Sungay, an
inactive stratovolcano with its highest point of the province of Cavite at 709 meters.[5] Being situated at
the highest point in the region, the elevated region terrain allows advantageous FM signal propagation.
Furthermore, it allows for better signal coverage due to the area having minimal urban construction that
may cause interference with signal reception.
.

Figure 3. Population of Tagaytay (1903-2020)

Figure 3 shows the population density of Tagaytay city from 1903 to 2020.The population density is also
an important factor to consider. According to 2020 census, the population of Tagaytay city is 85,330 and
denotes positive growth rate 3.89%, or an increase of 14,149 people, from the previous population of
71,181 in 2015. Moreover, within 10 km radius includes several municipalities that have substantial
population such as Mendez and Laurel with a population of 34,879 and 43,210 respectively.[6]

With consideration with existing technical standards and existing radio stations, the chosen frequency is
99.1 MHz with the frequency range of 99.3 - 99.9 MHz. The frequency range chosen for this FM
transmitter station does not overlap with other stations in the specific area.
 References

[1] https://www.fmradiobroadcast.com/article/detail/maximizing-fm-transmitter-coverage-factors-tips-
techniques.html
[2] “Population Estimation in Google Earth.” Accessed: Jun. 19, 2024. [Online]. Available:
https://chatgpt.com/c/e53b1ce4-7e53-4fb8-87b7-47e80e096150
[3] “Google Earth.” Accessed: Jun. 19, 2024. [Online]. Available:
https://earth.google.com/web/search/14%c2%b008%2733.3%22N+121%c2%b001%2718.7%22E/
@14.14097788,121.0194068,653.89530731a,58327.35366778d,35y,-
0h,0t,0r/data=CmAaNhIwGVnppK0ASSxAIX5jGSxmQV5AKhwxNMKwMDgnMzMuMyJOIDE
yMcKwMDEnMTguNyJFGAIgASImCiQJ_szB7m1LLEAR0u0-
dMBGLEAZQr3ftPFBXkAhhvy6u8tAXkA6AwoBMA
[4] https://en-nz.topographic-map.com/map-
l5jz4/Philippines/?center=14.11904%2C121.04044&zoom=13&base=2&popup=14.14217%2C121
.02133

[5] https://cavite.gov.ph/home/mt-sungay/

[6] https://www.philatlas.com/luzon/r04a/cavite/tagaytay.html

[7] “2020 Census of Population and Housing (2020 CPH) Population Counts Declared Official by the
President | Philippine Statistics Authority | Republic of the Philippines.” Accessed: Jun. 19, 2024.
[Online]. Available: https://psa.gov.ph/content/2020-census-population-and-housing-2020-cph-
population-counts-declared-official-president