MULTIPLE OF

INTAKE AND
 EXHAUST:
TYPES AND FUNCTION
 MULTIPLE
• In automobile mechanics
The term manifold , manifold or port refers to a set of tubes
or ducts that are used to distribute the air/fuel mixture in the
intake cycle or to collect
the engine exhaust gases in the last cycle or exhaust cycle.
When 2 or more ducts or tubes are joined to one, it is also
called a manifold so that there can be an "intake manifold"
and an exhaust manifold. These tubes are normally
branched into several inlets (or outlet(s)), usually one tube
for each valve of each cylinder.
 INTAKE MANIFOLD

• 1. AIR FILTER

• 2. INTAKE MANIFOLD

• 3. AIR REGULATOR BODY

 INTAKE MANIFOLD

• FUNCTION:
The intake system provides the
necessary volume of clean engine air
(air mass).
 INTAKE MANIFOLD

An intake manifold consists of

various ducts that supply air to each
of the cylinders.
 INTAKE MANIFOLD

• The multiple of
Intake also intervenes in the mixing
and atomization of gasoline. Its main
function is to distribute the air-fuel
mixture equally to each cylinder.
 EFFICIENCY IN INTAKE MANIFOLD

• The intake efficiency depends largely on

the manifold passages. When a gas
moves quickly inside a tube, the intake
manifold ends up homogenizing the
mixture that reaches the cylinder.
 INTAKE MANIFOLD MATERIAL

• The intake manifolds are made of light

materials; They can be made of aluminum,
manganese or synthetic material, such as
Bakelite for example.
 EXHAUST MANIFOLD

• The exhaust system expels

exhaust gases produced by
the engine into the
atmosphere.
 EXHAUST MANIFOLD

• Increases engine efficiency by improving

engine exhaust gas expulsion
performance.
• Cleans exhaust gases by removing
harmful elements.
• Reduces explosion sounds emitted by
exhaust gases.
 EXHAUST MANIFOLD

• COMPONENTS:
1 .-Manifold
2 .-Three-way catalytic converter
3 .-Exhaust pipe
4 .-Muffler
 OPERATION OF THE MANIFOLD
EXHAUST
• The exhaust pipe participates in the operation of the engine:
 EXHAUST MANIFOLD MATERIAL

The type of material is cast iron because it resists high temperatures.

gas temperature.
 GAS RECIRCULATION
SYSTEM
EXHAUST (EGR)
EGR SYSTEM
The EGR system is designed to reduce NOx
(nitrogen oxides) emissions by recirculating a small
portion of exhaust gases into the intake manifold
and mixing it with normal engine air and gasoline.
By diluting the mixture, the temperature of the
combustion reaction is lowered and as a result, a
decrease in the NOx content in the exhaust gases is
obtained.
 CATALYST

CATALYTIC CONVERTER
The catalytic converter is located in the center of
the exhaust system to remove harmful elements
from the exhaust gases.
Harmful elements in exhaust gases include CO
(carbon monoxide), HC (hydrocarbons) and NOx
(nitric oxides).
 EXHAUST INTAKE MANIFOLD

• MUFFLER
Since exhaust gases are expelled from the
engine at a high pressure and temperature,
if they were expelled directly they would
produce explosion sounds.