THE ENCOMENDEROS AGAINST THE who entered Lima in May 1544.

The new
viceroy, who was already known for his
SPANISH CROWN
arbitrariness, quickly began the application
The creation of the New Laws mainly sought to end of the New Laws and earned the enmity of
the conflicts between the conquerors and begin to the colonists, because part of the changes
take control of the new lands. As we saw in the was to strip them of their encomiendas,
previous chapter, the new legislation provided that limiting their power.
only the king and his representatives had the power
to distribute encomiendas, and that upon the death a) Battle of Iñaquito (Ecuador)
of the encomendero, the encomiendas became the
property of the Spanish Crown. The power that the
encomenderos had managed to have will be
seriously limited with the New Laws, a situation
that the encomenderos were not willing to tolerate,
which began a great rebellion against the royal
authority itself.

1. The rebellion of the great encomendes

ros: Gonzalo Pizarro (1544-1548)
The encomenderos, who were harmed by the
new legislation, appointed Gonzalo Pizarro as
Attorney General to represent them. The brother
of the conqueror will be the one who leads the
first great encomen rebellion deros.
This civil war lasted four years and the
following battles took place:
And Battle of Iñaquito (Ecuador)
And Battle of Huarina (Bolivia)
And Battle of Jaquijahuana (Cusco)
Causes
Once the Viceroyalty was created, the monarch
appointed Blasco Núñez de Vela as first viceroy,
Gonzalo advanced with his army towards Lima
and it was then that the listeners of the newly
installed da Audiencia, tired of the abuses of the
viceroy, arrest the king's representative and
send him prisoner missionary to Panama.
Gonzalo was received in triumph by the
Audien cia and the residents of Lima and was
proclaimed Governor. By taking this step,
Pizarro breaks his relationship with the Spanish
Crown, by not respecting its highest
representative.
Blasco Núñez de Vela managed to escape from
his caps tors and landed in Tumbes, entering the
mountains of Quito, organizing an army of
Spaniards loyal to the king.

e
Peruvian viceroyalty it
Creation of the Battle of Huarina
1547
1542
h
e 1544 1548
r
Death of the first
Viceroy Núñez de Vela
Battle of Jaquijahuana
 Gonzalo Pizarro went out to look for him heading
north with his army, until the battle of Iñaquito took
place on January 18, 1546, where the viceroy was
defeated and then killed on the same battlefield.
b) Battle of Huarina (Upper Peru)
Some time later, Captain Diego de Centeno took up
arms in favor of the king in the region of Charcas
(Bolivia) and organized an army against Pizarro.
Gonzalo Pizarro and his field master Francisco de
Carbajal, the Demon of the Andes, went out to fight
him. They finally defeated Centeno at the Battle of
Huarina (October 20, 1547) on the shores of Lake
Titicaca. With this victory, Gonzalo further reinforced
his authority.
c) Pacifying the rebels: the arrival of Pedro de la
Gasca
Once the king was aware of the events that had
occurred in the Peruvian viceroyalty, he would
entrust Pedro de la Gasca with the mission of
subduing the rebels, giving him the appointment of
Peacekeeper and Presi before the Court of Lima.
The Peacemaker La Gasca disembarks in Panama
with an entourage of faithful to the king, with skill
lithic will achieve the support of the South Sea Navy,
which supported Pizarro, having this support I got
control of the sea.
At the same time, he sent career opportunities
pentimiento, trying to capture the support of the
rebel encomenderos, making them believe that if they
supported him, he would respect their privileges.
La Gasca arrived in Tumbes and already had support
from deserters from Pizarro and continued
advancing towards Lima. Meanwhile, Pizarro
retreated in the direction of tion to Cusco but the
troops of La Gasca went in search of him.
d) Battle of Jaquijahuana (Cusco, April 9, 1548) This
encounter did not develop like the other battles,
Pizarro had to face a situation that would later bring
his defeat: the soldiers on his side deserted en masse
and went over to La Gasca's side.
Gonzalo Pizarro and Francisco de Carbajal were
taken prisoners, tried and executed on the battlefield
for treason against the king.
La Gasca and the distribution of Guaynarima
Once Gonzalo Pizarro's rebellion was over, the
Peacemaker organized a new distribution of the parcels,
known as the Reparto de Guaynarima. This was a
difficult task because some 218 parcels had to be
distributed among more than a thousand suitors. As
expected, hundreds of Spaniards were dissatisfied when
they saw the list of those favored. Two years after the
distribution, La Gasca returned to Panama. Those who
were left without obtaining an encomienda will organize
a new rebellion.
2. The rebellion of the small encomenderos
or the dissatisfied:
Francisco Hernández Girón (1553-
1554)
Cause
Francisco Hernández Girón led the encomenderos
dissatisfied with the distribution of the encomiendas and
the abolition of personal service for the
indigenous people. He revolted in
Cusco, on November 12, 1553, and said:
"The conquest had been made with the
individual effort of the Spaniards and
without costing the king a cent."
Hernández Girón, after capturing
Cusco, obtained the support of
Arequipa, Hua-manga and Charcas,
advanced towards Lima and
entrenched himself in Pachacámac.
a) Battle of Chuquinga (Apurímac)
The Court of Lima ordered that Alonso de
Alvarado, Captain General of Charcas, come to
fight Hernández de Girón, who overtook him in
Chuquinga, where Hernández Girón emerged
with a great victory (May 8, 1554). After this
battle, the army continued its march towards the
southern mountains.
b) Battle of Pucará (Puno)
Hernández Girón's army, which called itself the
"liberating army", found itself facing the army of
the Royal Court. In this contest, the rebel side
was defeated due to the desertion of its members;
The leader was able to flee to Jauja where he
surrendered.
Hernández Girón was taken to Lima, where he
was tried and sentenced to beheading. His head
was displayed on the end of a stick.