ARRAY

What is an Array?

C Array is a collection of variables belongings to the same data type. You can store group of
data of same data type in an array.

 Array might be belonging to any of the data types

 Array size must be a constant value
 Always, Contiguous (adjacent) memory locations are used to store array elements in
memory
 It is a best practice to initialize an array to zero or null while declaring, if value not
assigned

Types of Array:
There are 2 types of C arrays. They are,

1. One dimensional array

2. Multi dimensional array
 Two dimensional array
 Three dimensional array
upto n dimensional array can be created

Declaration of One Dimensional Array

Integer array for Numbers
int a[10];
Character array for Strings
char b[10];
ONE DIMENSIONAL ARRAY IN C:

Syntax Example

Array declaration syntax: Integer array:

data_type arr_name [arr_size]; int age[5];

Array initialization syntax: int age[5]={10,11,12,13, 14};

data_type arr_name [arr_size]={value1, value2, value3, …}; (or)
int age[0]={10}
int age[1]={20}

Array accessing syntax: To Access the 0th index age[0];

arr_name[index];
To Access the 2nd index age[2];

Character array:
char str[10];
char str[10]={‘H’,‘a’,‘i’};
(or)
char str[0] = ‘H’;
char str[1] = ‘a’;
char str[2] = ‘i;

To Access the 0th index

str[0];

To Access the 1st index

str[1];

Dynamic initialization of array Example:

Syntax
To get three numbers as input
To get integer input from user
from user
scanf(“format specifier”, &array_name[counter]);
for (i=0; i<3; i++)
{
scanf("%d", &number[i]);
}
Example 1:
Write a C program using one dimensional array to initialize array elements and display the
elements with its index position.
Program:
int main()
{
int i;
int arr[5] = {10,20,30,40,50}; // Initializing and declaring array in C
//To initialize all array elements to 0, use int arr[5]={0};
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
{
// To access each index of the array
printf("value of arr[%d] is %d \n", i, arr[i]);
}
return 0;
}
Output:
value of arr[0] is 10
value of arr[1] is 20
value of arr[2] is 30
value of arr[3] is 40
value of arr[4] is 50

Example 2:

Write a C program to get five numbers from user. Compute and display the addition of even
numbers and product of odd numbers.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a=0,m=1,i,num[5];
clrscr();
 for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf("\n Enter number[%d]:",i+1);
scanf("%d",&num[i]);
}
printf("\n------------------------");
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
if(num[i]%2==0)
{
printf("\n Even Number :%d",num[i]);
a=a+num[i];
}
else
{
printf("\n Odd Number :%d",num[i]);
m=m*num[i];
}
}
printf("\n--------------------");
printf("\n Addition of Even Number:%d",a);
printf("\n Product of Odd Number :%d",m);
printf("\n--------------------");
getch();
}
void main()
{
int sum=0,i,num;
clrscr();
printf("Enter 5 numbers : ");
for(i=0; i<5; i++)
{
scanf("%d",&num);
sum=sum+num;
}
printf("Sum of all numbers = %d",sum);
getch();
}