Glossary of terms:

Needle: Pointed rod made of metal or other material with an eye to insert the
thread, used for sewing, embroidery, knitting, etc.
Hand needle: It is a filament of metal, copper or other hard material,
relatively small in size, generally straight, sharpened at one end and with the
other ending in an eye or handle for inserting a thread.
Machine needle: It has several parts to perform different functions during the
sewing operation . It is one of the most important tools when using any of the
sewing machines and each of them requires a special needle.
Pins: needle: Metal, small and thin, with a point at one end and a small ball or
head at the other, used to join or hold light objects, especially fabrics.
Bobbin box: It is a tool used in the lower part of the flat machine and it is the
one that receives and makes the spool with thread that interlaces the stitch.
Caliper: A measuring instrument used to measure the stitch length, seam
allowances, and stitches per inch of a seam. Also called “gauge”.
Belt or band: Communicates the engine of the machine with the flywheel,
transmitting the force of the engine to the machine.
Thread cutter: It is a cutter with small tips, which is used to cut threads when
starting and finishing seams.
Cutting: It is the separation of the fabric or leather into different pieces.
Winder: Part of the single-needle flat machine (Also two-needle flat, zigzag,
bartack, buttonhole and electronic button press) that allows the thread spool to
be filled to feed the lower stitch of the seam.
Winding: Wrapping thread on a spool or bobbin .
Feed teeth : Machine mechanism responsible for sliding the fabric backwards.
Screwdriver: It is a tool used to tighten and loosen screws and other machine
elements that are needed to change needles and to make occasional
adjustments to the machines.
Threading: Pass the thread through the eye of the needle or through the hole
of the beads, pearls, etc.
Guide: Tool used in conjunction with the sewing machine to make straight
stitches.
Thread: It is a long, thin strand of a textile material, especially used for sewing,
the most common in clothing are cotton, polyester and nylon thread.
Looper: They are loop takers that together with the needles form the stitch.
Seam marker : Tool used by pattern makers to draw the outline of patterns.
Cutting table: Furniture formed by a horizontal board, supported by one or
several feet, with the appropriate height to be able to cut the fabric, it is also
used to support the pieces to be arranged or spliced to carry out parts of the
manufacturing process.
Meter: Tape that has the length of the meter and its divisions marked and is
used to measure distances or lengths, used to give exact measurements in any
of the manufacturing procedures.
Threading pliers: It is a simple machine tool whose ends are brought together
to hold something, mainly to pass the thread through the loopers when
threading the machines, especially the filleting and/or coating machine.
Polisher: Machine - Tool to remove threads in processes when it is finished.
Fabric scissors: They are for cutting fabric only .
Paper scissors: They are for cutting paper and can be used on other types of
materials such as plastic or cardboard.
Trace: Make strokes or lines.
Stroke: Line or line that constitutes the shape or outline of something.
Chalk for clothing: They are clay-based and of different colors and are used to
mark the molds and marks on the fabric.
Opening: Separation of the parts of something, exposing the interior. Slit, hole.
Finishing: The different industrial systems to perfect a product. The finishing of
fabrics includes bleaching, dyeing, shrinking, stretching, printing, satin and
ironing.
Bastas: Or backstitch, is a series of stitches in one or more materials.
Closing sides: Or sides is to join the front and back already assembled on the
sides of the garment from the waist to the boot.
Blouse: Feminine garment par excellence. In the 15th century BC. of C. Women
already wore tight-fitting blouses with a belt. For several centuries it was the
garment of peasant women, and in this century it was replaced by a lighter
garment to accompany the first women's costumes. The appearance of low-cut
blouses in 1913 led them to be called pneumonia shirts.
Bocamanga: Measurement of the bottom of the sleeves .
Pinning sleeves: Sew the sleeves onto the piece .
Seam: Series of stitches that join two sewn pieces. Action and result of sewing.
Sides: These are the ones that join the front piece to the back pieces and allow
the skirt to remain closed.
Zipper: or closure: It is a toothed device that is applied in the manufacturing
industry of various pieces of clothing.
Body: Part of the garment that is included from the shoulders to the waist.
Hem: It is the edge of the fabric folded twice over itself secured with hand or
machine stitches at the bottom of skirts, dresses, pants and edges of sleeves,
etc.
Threading: Pass the thread through the eye of the needle or through the hole
of the beads, pearls, etc.
Entalegar: Sew parts of a garment, leaving the seams saved.
Interlining: Fabric that is placed between the fabric and the lining of a
garment, to reinforce it or give it consistency.
Neckline: Opening in a garment through which the neck and part of the chest
or back show. Part of the bust that leaves a piece of clothing uncovered.
Skirt: The first skirt, made of leather, appeared 600,000 years ago and since
then this garment has never abandoned women. In 1915, fashion showed
women's ankles, but the real revolution came in 1965 thanks to Mary Quant,
with the launch of the miniskirt.
False : Reinforcement fabric, fold. It is the piece that is located on the inside of
the jackets, generally giving the garment a better finish.
Thread: It is a long, thin strand of a textile material, especially used for sewing,
the most common in clothing are cotton, polyester and nylon thread.
Invisible : Stitch, stitching used to hold hems, done in such a way that it
cannot be seen from the right side.
Lateral: The side or side of a piece.
Mark: Mark specific points using a colored instrument or powder.
Piece: Each of the separate parts that make up a garment.
Picket: Small cut or signal made on pattern edges. These same notches are
made in the pieces of the garments as a guide for assembly and construction.
Fold: Fold made to fit like a hollow dart. Fold made to give width like those
used in pleating.
Waistband : Part of the skirt and/or pants that hugs and adjusts the waist.
Filleting: Overcasting the edges of the fabric.
Stitch: It is the interlacing of one or more threads.
Stitches per inch : English measurement, number of stitches included in a
length of 2.54 cm.
Stitches per cycle : Number of stitches that are made in a certain period of
time, which is repeated in the same fraction of time, for example: making a tie,
gluing a button, making a buttonhole.
Break: The fold in the flap
Straight thread: Selvedge side of the fabric.
Reinforcement: Piece of fabric superimposed in the areas of greatest wear of
the garment.
Hem: It is the edge and what gives the finish to the lower part of the skirt.
Armhole: Curved cut in the fabrics corresponding to the armpit part.
Size: Conventional measurement in the manufacture and sale of clothing.
Size: Waist of the human body. Part of the dress that corresponds to the waist.
Measurement taken for a dress or suit, from the neck to the waist, both in front
and back.
Fabric: Fabric made up of many interwoven threads that form a type of sheet
or sheet. Membrane, lamellar fabric of soft consistency.
Almilla: Upper cut of the back in the men's shirt.
Stitch width: Distance from the base to the end of the stitch, example: the
width of the zigzag
Seating: Turn margins or edges to one side and sew them in order to give a
better appearance and finish to the pieces or garment.
Neck band: Also called collar foot, it is the lower part of the shirt collar.
Pocket mouth: It is the upper part of the patch pocket, it must be interlined,
or it can also be on the outside of the welt pockets.
Pocket: It is a rectangle of fabric that is sewn and superimposed on the front of
the shirt and on the back of the pants, they are also usually made in a side
opening. It is composed of views or borders.
Button: Small element made of plastic and other materials used in
garments together with an eyelet, to join one side to the other, generally the
fronts and cuffs.
Shirt : Clothing that covers the upper part of the body of men and women, it is
composed of two fronts, a back, two sleeves, two cuffs, a collar and other
accessories.
Accessories: These are the additional pieces that are part of a garment, these
are used to give a better finish or finish to the shirt, among these are the
breastplate or extension of the buttoning, the bias of the pocket, the pocket and
the interlinings. .
Collar : It is the upper piece of the shirt that surrounds the neck: shirt, sport
and baby. To make the pattern, the measurements are required: front neckline
and back neckline.
Body: Part of the garment that is from the shoulders to the waist.
Hem : It is the edge of the fabric folded twice over itself secured with hand or
machine stitches at the bottom of skirts, dresses, pants and edges of sleeves,
etc.
Front : It is the front part of the shirt garment, the pattern is usually made up
of two parts (right and left), the back is the opposite part of the front.
Tucking: hiding the ends of two previously sewn fabrics by means of another
seam, replacing the fillet seam.
Match : Match or place two or more pieces on the same level, so that one does
not stand out more than the other.
Thread r: Pass the thread through the eye of the needle or through the hole of
the beads, pearls, etc.
Assembly . Manufacturing activities related to the assembly of garments.
Entalegar: Sew parts of a garment, leaving the seams saved.
Interlining: Generally adhesive material that is placed on garments to
reinforce and shape some components of the garment, such as the cuffs, collar,
pocket pocket, button extension and pocket opening.
False: It is the piece that is located at the back of the pocket opening, or on the
inside of the jackets, generally giving a better finish to the garment.
Fix: Fasten or secure a piece or part to another piece, usually one on top of
another operation, e.g. Attach nylon to bottom.
Loose: It is an extra tolerance or measurement that serves to prevent the
garment from being tight or tight.
Bottom pocket: It is the internal cloth bag where money or small objects are
stored, it consists of two bottoms or covers and one view.
Gusset : Pressing that is done in parts of the garments (pocket, back) to give
more space.
Line: It is a succession of points, each line has two directions, for example, up
and down, from left to right or diagonal.
Sleeve: It is the part of the shirt that surrounds the arm from the armpit
downwards. There are many types of sleeves: short, raglan, three-quarter
length, long, among others.
Buttonhole : It is a hole generally made at the edge of a garment through
which a button passes. The measurement of the buttonhole must correspond to
the diameter of the button. It is advisable to interlace the fabric at the location
of the buttonhole.
Pattern or mold: It is each of the pieces or components of the garment
pattern, whether drawn, cut out of paper, cardboard or fabric. The set of total
components of the garment is called the model pattern. Each of these
components can be copied and reproduced serially.
Knob : Also known as a knob holder on men's shirts, it serves to complement
and polish the opening of the sleeve.
Topstitch : It is a series of stitches in one or more materials.
Piece: Each of the separate parts that make up a garment.
Pickets : Small cuts that set the tone for sewing. Allows support of the
garment.
Pleat: Fold made in clothing to decorate or shape the fabric.
Preparation: Previous operations carried out on some pieces of the garment,
leaving them ready for the assembly process
Process : These are the different stages that are followed to produce a product.
Inch: Measurement that is equivalent to 2.54 cm.
Polish: Remove all excess materials and threads from the finished garment,
this should be done with the polisher.
Stitch: It is the interlacing of one or more threads.
Finish off : Operation performed by the flat machine with the lever,
Flap: Piece of fabric that accompanies the zipper of the pants.
Pocket: It is a rectangle of fabric that is sewn and superimposed on the front of
the shirt and on the back of the pants, they are also usually made in a side
opening. It is composed of views or borders.
Button: Small element made of plastic and other materials used in
garments together with an eyelet, to join one side to the other, generally the
fronts and cuffs.
Buttoning: Area or place where the buttons are.
Fly: Front opening of pants or underpants. Invented in France in the 15th
century, it originally did not have buttons; It was a triangle of fabric that was
tied with a bow and that was used to store coins.
Hip contour: It is the measurement taken with the measuring tape horizontally
over the most prominent part of the buttocks.
Waist circumference: Pass the measuring tape above the waist
Seam: Series of stitches that join two sewn pieces. Action and result of sewing.
Sides: These are the ones that join the front piece to the back pieces and allow
the skirt to remain closed.
Zipper: or closure: It is a toothed device that is applied in the manufacturing
industry of various pieces of clothing.
Hem: It is the edge of the fabric folded twice over itself secured with hand or
machine stitches at the bottom of skirts, dresses, pants and edges of sleeves,
etc.
Crotch: Center, gusset, fork, butterfly, bridge etc. of the pants.
False : Reinforcement fabric, fold. It is the piece that is located on the inside of
the jackets and pockets, generally giving the garment a better finish.
Filleting: Overcasting the edges of the fabric.
Bottom pocket: It is the internal cloth bag where money or small objects are
stored, it consists of two bottoms or covers and one view.
Gusset : Pressing that is done in parts of the garments (pocket, back) to give
more space.
Buttonhole : It is a hole generally made at the edge of a garment through
which a button passes. The measurement of the buttonhole must correspond to
the diameter of the button. It is advisable to interlace the fabric at the location
of the buttonhole.
Loop : Piece of the waistband through which the belt passes.
Pickets : Small cuts that set the tone for sewing. Allows support of the
garment.
Leg: Part of the pants that covers each leg.
Topstitch : It is a series of stitches in one or more materials.
Preparation: Previous operations carried out on some pieces of the garment,
leaving them ready for the assembly process.
Bartacking: These are stitches made in cycles on the bartacking machine, to
give security and finishing at the joints of elastics, biases and straps.
Waistband: Part of the skirt and/or pants that hugs and adjusts the waist.
Process: These are the different stages that are followed to produce a product.
Edging: Action of placing the edging.
Inseam: It is the part of the pants where the legs join.
Acetate: it is artificial, it is obtained from cellulose from wood or from the
inside of cotton. It differs from viscose rayon because it dissolves in acetic acid,
producing changes in the final product.
Cotton: it is natural of plant origin; It is a seed that is collected by hand or by
machine, it is a fiber that shrinks when washed, but breathes well and does not
cause allergies.
Asbestos : it is natural of mineral origin. It is obtained from fibrous
metamorphic minerals. They are sturdy enough to pull apart and are flexible
enough to be intertwined; resistant to high temperatures, insulating,
anticorrosive and non-combustible.
Hemp: it is natural of plant origin, it is obtained from the plant called Cannabis
sativa, from which a grayish-yellow fiber similar to flax fiber, but thicker and
more resistant, is extracted. It is not very elastic, a good conductor of heat and
much coarser than flax fiber.
Elastane: it is synthetic, it is obtained from the elastomeric polymer, from the
polyurethane family, it is highly elastic and able to adjust to the body, it is
lightweight, resistant to friction and durable. It is generally combined with fibers
such as polyester, nylon and cotton. In English it is known as Spandex.
Artificial fibers: they are obtained by chemical reaction, that is, they are made
by man.
Natural fibers: they are obtained from raw materials found in nature.
Textile fibers : they are filaments that are spun or braided, dyed and
interwoven to form cloth or fabric.
Thread: set of fibers grouped together or twisted, to be used in fabrics. The
type of thread depends on the fiber and texture of the fabric.
Spun yarn: is a yarn formed from fibers of regular or irregular length, usually
joined by twisting, and sometimes also by other procedures such as a textile
glue.
Metallic thread: continuous metal filament, which is incorporated into the
textile industry once coated with a flexible and waterproof plastic material.
Monofilament yarn: it is formed with a single filament, twisted or not twisted,
that has sufficient consistency and elasticity to be woven, knitted or braided.
Multifilament thread: made up of several filaments, with or without twisting.
Wool: it is natural of animal origin, it is obtained from the hair of sheep animals
that are sheared periodically; It is resistant and elastic, excellent heat retention
capacity, soft flexible and with good resistance to friction.
Linen: it is natural of plant origin, it is obtained from the stem of the flax plant
separated from the straw fiber. It is a stronger fiber than cotton, very flexible
and easy to dry.
Lycra: is a registered trademark of elastane, it is used in corsetry, stockings,
swimsuits.
Microfiber: it is synthetic, composed of 80% polyester and 20% polyamide. It
is used in underwear.
Nylon : it is synthetic, it is obtained from the thermoplastic polymer of the
polyamide family, it is soft, resistant to use, does not wrinkle, is durable, easy
to wash and quick to dry. Does not resist high temperatures. It has low
moisture absorption capacity. It is used in the manufacture of stockings,
parachute fabrics, airbags.
Gold and silver: it is natural, of mineral origin, it is obtained from fibrous, rigid
and hard masses. Other metallic threads are made up of a cotton core
surrounded by a thin strip or strand of metal covered by a viscous substance
and impregnated with metal powder.
Polyester: it is synthetic and is obtained from thermostable polymer. It is
durable, resistant to friction, does not wrinkle, does not fade, is easy to wash
and dries quickly. It has low moisture absorption capacity. Does not resist high
temperatures.
Silk: it is of animal origin, it is obtained from the cocoon of the silkworm, from
each cocoon a fiber comes out that is spun with four others to form a thread, it
is the only continuous fiber in nature, it is washable and dyeable.
Viscose rayon: it is artificial, composed of cellulose extracted from the pulp of
some trees such as fir trees. It looks very similar to silk and is used in ties,
decorative bedspreads, blankets, upholstery and pillowcases.
Fasteners: made of nylon fabric, with or without foams, the hooks or eyelets
are made of nickel-plated brass wire or galvanized iron covered with plastic.
Rings and tensioners : they are used in making the strap for the bra. The
tensioner's function is to support the weight and allows the loader to be
adjusted according to the length.
Underwires: they are used in the bra to enhance the shape of the breast,
support the bust, lift and shape the cup, giving a better appearance; There are
three types of hoops: standard, half cup and magic.
Snaps and eyelets : they are used in sports clothing in shorts, sweatshirts, t-
shirts, bodysuits, underwear and gym clothing, highlighting and decorating the
different designs.
Snaps and hooks: designed to hold and adjust the garment to the body.
Closures and buttons: used in the production of sports garments such as t-
shirts, jackets, shorts and sweatshirts, allowing the closure and adjustment of
the garment to the body.
Preformed cup: it is a laminar shape with a preformed cup for bras, made of
ethyl vinyl acetate, or similar, non-toxic, flexible material, lined externally or
not, with a convex preformed according to size.
Laces and toe caps: they are used to hold sports clothing to the body such as
shorts, sweatshirts and jackets. The toe caps are used to give a more polished
touch to the cord at the ends.
Crochet: they are warp knitted fabrics with weft insertion and can be elastic or
not, when they have elastomer they are not coated because the mesh or chain
covers them in the weaving process, they are used in the making of shorts,
sports clothing and petticoat
Elastic: it is a narrow fabric that is made with elastomeric fibers of Spadex,
lycra or glosspan, the elastomer gives elasticity to the fiber. Elastics are
classified as plush, braided and crochet.
Plush elastic: on one side it has a plush fabric, they are the most
recommended for corsetry.
Elastic for top base: presentation with blackberry or plain edges with
engravings, they are wider and are used on the outside.
Elastics for bra straps : they are characterized by their fine finish on the two
edges, their attractive shiny and decorated presentation, they have little
elongation because their purpose is to support weight, one of their sides must
be plush for greater softness.
Elastic for sheathing: used in garments where the edges must be sheathed,
such as tights, brazilians and tops, for both women and girls.
Elastic for shorts: there are plain selvedge ones in 2 cm and 1cm for leg and
waist, due to their simple appearance they are folded and covered.
Braided elastic: Only a set of threads are used to make it, the braiding slides
diagonally from one side to the other, passing over and under, it is widely used
in the making of swimsuits, waist and leg of shorts, waist of sweatshirt,
waistband of sports shorts, swimsuit and petticoat.
Framylon: elastic that, due to its small size, is not very resistant; It is used in
a bra to give a subtle updo to the cup. In t-shirts they use it to give more
firmness to the shoulder seams when the fabrics are very thin.
Wadding: non-woven material, which is formed by binding polyester fibers,
used to make cups in bras and pantyhose at the back to give volume to the
buttocks.
Weft Threads: are the threads that run in the same direction as the width of
the fabric.
Warp threads: these are the threads that run in the same direction as the
length of the fabric. They generally have a sizing that gives this thread a
particular resistance.
Bows: applications and decorations used to give a touch of femininity and a
showy finish, there are different types; embroidered, in ribbon, with satin and
with pearls.
Rod bias: its function, protect and support the rods and underwires or simply
cover the seam joining the cup and cup.
Crystal nylon bias: used to cover seams and flat margins.
Weaving : It is the result of weaving threads, filaments or fibers in a coherent
manner by interlacing them or joining them by other means; providing a flexible
laminar structure.
Knitted fabric: is the result of the interweaving of several threads through
loops, meshes or stitches.
Double knit fabric: it is made on circular machines with two sets of needles,
so the structure of the fabric has stitches on both the right and wrong sides.
Simple knitting: it is made on circular machines with a single set of needles
and produces a fabric that shows the stitches on the right side while not on the
wrong side.
Weft knitted fabric: Formed by a single thread that is linked with itself across
the width of the fabric, the threads run horizontally (weft) in the fabric.
Warp knitted fabric: made up of a series of warp threads (longitudinal) that
are linked together throughout the fabric.
Flat weaving: it is carried out on a machine called a loom and consists of
interlacing two threads normally forming a right angle.
Nylon plastic rods : malleable plastic material, used on the sides and front to
give greater firmness and elegance to designs such as corsets.
Snap and spring adjustment: the adjustment of these machines have the
same type of tooth, which means that to select the adjustment we will only look
at the needle spacing.
Fillet adjustment: the adjustment on fillet machines consists of a foot, plate,
tooth, and needle holder.
Two-needle flat adjustment: on two-needle machines the adjustment
consists of: tooth, plate, presser foot and needle holder; To select the setting,
the needle spacing must be measured.
Coverer adjustment: the spacing between needles and the number of tooth
rails must be taken into account.
Cone: is the intermediate section between the trunk and the shaft of the
needle.
Seams: it is the interweaving of two or more fabrics that must be joined by one
or more sequences of stitches.
Tooth: this mechanical device is responsible for moving the material to be
sewn, which is done in four stages.
Differential: this feeder consists of two teeth with different displacement,
meaning that one can be placed to transport more than the other.
Blade: is the part that penetrates the material during each stitch, many needles
have a thicker section at the top and others are made in a conical shape. The
number or gauge of the needle refers to the thickness of the blade.
Filleting machine: it is a flat bed designed to cover the edges of the fabric, its
stitch is overlocked, and it additionally has a chain stitch called security, which
is used when the garments are going to be closed and require more resistance.
It has blades for cutting the ends.
Flat machine: it is one of the most used machines in clothing, due to the
multiple operations carried out on it. It makes a type of resistant stitch and is
called the basic clothing machine .
Two-needle flat machine: this stitch reproduces twice the stitch made by the
single-needle flat machine. This saves time when carrying out some operations.
In underwear it is widely used in the production of bras.
Covering machine : creates a chain stitch for decorative purposes. Zigzag
machine: belongs to the group of flat ones, it is one of the most used in
underwear because it provides great elasticity in its stitch. It differs from the
flat one in that it has a mechanism that makes the needle move from left to
right each time it makes a stitch (zigzag movement).
Notch or indentation: it is a recess in the face of the needle above the eye,
which can vary in shape and length, allowing greater adjustment of the loop
taker (hook, shuttle or looper) in relation to the needle to facilitate the loop
pickup and reduce stitch failures in difficult conditions.
Standardization: the origin of stitch standardization is in the United States,
but it has been successively adapted, almost without any change, by Great
Britain, Germany, France and other European countries.
Eye: it is the hole that goes through the needle blade, the shape and finish of
the upper part of the eye is critical, both to reduce deterioration of the thread
during penetration into the material, and to produce a good loop.
Plate: it is the one that supports the material when the tooth is returning, it
also comes with a hole that is the place of penetration of the needle.
Stitching machine: this machine belongs to the double stitching series, its
stitch is widely used to reinforce seams.
Presser foot: it is responsible for supporting the material against the tooth so
that it can be transported. The pressure that must be given to the presser foot
varies according to the material.
Tip: designed to provide the best penetration into different materials with the
best appearance and producing the least deterioration in the seams;
Spearheads, roundheads and eccentric heads are mainly manufactured.
Long groove: Located along the blade to provide a protective channel in which
the needle thread is guided in and out of the material during each stitch.
Trimmer: It is a variation of the coating machine only that has an additional
mechanism called a pooller.
Biasing: is another variation of this series; It is a coating machine with a bias
pasting guide .
Heel: is the top of the needle that is placed on the needle bar or holder; It can
be cylindrical, have one or more flat faces.
Conventional technology: it is the machinery that requires the operator to
intervene with 83% of his body movements for its operation. Machine speed and
production performance depend on your skill.
Programmable or electronic technology: refers to machinery that has
electro-pneumatic aids for its operation, where the operator's body movements
are reduced to 60%.
Robotic technology: refers to machines that are designed to carry out the
entire cycle of the operation, this is the case of the hem hemming machine
(Recubridora), the one that makes knob boxes (pressing machine) and the T-
shirt folding machine.
Stop: is the cone-shaped end that facilitates insertion into the needle bar
Snap and spring adjustment: the adjustments of these machines have the
same type of tooth, which means that to select the adjustment we will only look
at the needle spacing.
Filleting adjustment: the adjustment on filleting machines consists of a foot,
plate, tooth, and needle holder.
Two-needle flat adjustment: on two-needle machines the adjustment
consists of: tooth, plate, presser foot and needle holder; To select the setting,
the needle spacing must be measured.
Coverer adjustment: the spacing between needles and the number of tooth
rails must be taken into account.
Pliers: steel instrument composed of two mobile crossed pieces, around a pin
and used to start or hold some things. Pins: it is a thin metal needle or nail with
a very fine point at one end and a small ball or head at the other, very useful in
the textile manufacturing industry, which is used to join or hold fabrics,
ornaments or various materials.
Seams: it is the interweaving of two or more fabrics that must be joined by one
or more sequences of stitches.
Edge-to-edge or butt-to-butt seams (class FS): also called covered seam;
The two edges of the material, flat or folded, are brought together and sewn
with a zigzag stitch or cover chain stitch.
Crimped or lapped seams (LS class): In this type of seam, two or more
layers of material are joined by their folded edges, with one or more rows of
topstitching sewn simultaneously or sequentially after some intervening
operation.
Lived or welded seams (class BS): these seams are formed by folding a
binding over the edge of the layers of material, joining both edges of the
binding to the material with one or more rows of topstitching, producing a
polished edge that is visible or exposed to wear.
Lapped seams (SS class): These are two or more pieces of material
overlapping one another and joined with one or more rows of stitching.
Tooth: this mechanical device is responsible for moving the material to be
sewn, which is done in four stages.
Differential: this feeder consists of two teeth with different displacement,
meaning that one can be placed to transport more than the other. Ripper or
seam ripper: an instrument with a tip used to open buttonholes and to loosen
incorrect stitches.
Screwdriver : tool used to insert, tighten, loosen or remove screws.
Open-end wrenches: tool used to tighten and loosen nuts or screws.
Expansion wrenches: also called "spanner wrench." Tool used to tighten or
loosen nuts, the main characteristic of the expansion wrench is that one of its
two faces opens or closes, in order to adapt to the size of the nut or screw head.
Hexagon wrenches: tool used to install, tighten, loosen, or remove screws
that have been manufactured with a "hexagon head."
Standardization: the origin of stitch standardization is in the United States,
but they have been successively adapted, almost without any change, by Great
Britain, Germany, France and other European countries.
Backstitch: This is the name given to a succession of stitches, regardless of the
group to which they belong.
EF Topstitching: a folded edge of the material joined to the main body of the
material in the same operation and held in place by a series of stitches,
example: making a shirt hem.
OS stitching: comprises a series of stitches on the fabric following straight or
curved lines based on an ornamental design. Example: sewing on a piece of
fabric
Threading pliers: a flexible steel instrument composed of two moving parts
around a pin; This is a tool used to hold a thread and pass it through the thread
guide, in places where the fingers do not fit or access is difficult.
Plate: it is the one that supports the material when the tooth is returning, it
also comes with a hole that is the place of penetration of the needle.
Presser foot: it is responsible for supporting the material against the tooth so
that it can be transported. The pressure that must be given to the presser foot
varies according to the material.
Stitch: defined as the interlacing of a thread to itself or with others.
Series 100 stitch or Simple chain stitch: the stitches in this group are made
up of one or several threads that, passing through the fabric, intertwine or
intertwine with themselves.
Stitch series 101 : made with a single thread, it has a thread consumption of
4 cm. for every cm. of sewn material.
Series 200 stitch: this type of stitch is the oldest, the stitches included in this
group are very well known. Most of them are for domestic and artisanal use and
very few in industrial operations.
Series 300 stitch: flat stitch or double topstitch, it is made up of two threads,
one for the needle and the other for the bobbin.
Series 400 or double chain stitch: differs from the class 100 chain stitch in
that it uses an additional lower thread (looper thread) that remains on the lower
surface of the material, with the needle thread being the only one that passes
through the material. 500 series or overcast stitch: it can be made up of one
or more threads wrapping the edge of the material. Commonly known as a fillet
stitch and used to protect the edges of garments so that they do not fray easily.
Scissors: instrument composed of two steel blades used for cutting. Scissors of
various sizes and shapes have been manufactured to be used in different
operations.
Finishing: the different industrial systems to perfect a product. The finishing of
fabrics includes bleaching, dyeing, shrinking, stretching, printing, satin and
ironing.
Acromion: it is a point located on the shoulder. It is the junction of the
shoulder with the clavicle or the vertex of the neck-shoulder itself.
Poise: it is the line that indicates the thread of the fabric and/or break of a
garment, with this line you will prevent the garment from twisting or deforming.
Neckband : Also called collar foot, this is the lower part of the shirt collar.
Bastas: or backstitch, is a series of stitches in one or more materials.
Pocket mouth: it is the upper part of the patch pocket, it must be interlined, or
it can also be on the outside of the welt pockets.
Sleevehole: measurement of the bottom of the sleeves.
Pocket: it is a rectangle of fabric that is sewn and superimposed on the front of
the shirt and on the back of the pants, they are also usually made in a side
opening. It is composed of views or borders.
Blouse: feminine garment par excellence. In the 15th century BC. of C. Women
already wore tight-fitting blouses with a belt. For several centuries it was the
garment of peasant women, and in this century it was replaced by a lighter
garment to accompany the first women's costumes. The appearance of low-cut
blouses in 1913 led them to be called pneumonia shirts.
Bust circumference : it is the measurement taken with the measuring tape
with the arms down, pass the meter around and under the armhole fold,
adjusting the meter a little so that it is not loose and the measurement is more
exact.
Hip contour: it is the measurement taken with the measuring tape horizontally
over the most prominent part of the buttocks.
Waist circumference: the measuring tape is passed above the waist.
Cutting: is the separation of the fabric or leather into different pieces.
Seam: series of stitches that join two sewn pieces. Action and result of sewing.
Sides: they are the ones that join the front piece with the back pieces and allow
the skirt to remain closed.
Zipper: or closure , it is a toothed device that is applied in the manufacturing
industry of various pieces of clothing.
Collar : it is the upper piece of the shirt that surrounds the neck: shirt, sport
and baby. To make the pattern, the measurements are required: front neckline
and back neckline.
Body: part of the garment that is from the shoulders to the waist.
Front : is the front part of the shirt garment, the pattern is usually made up of
two parts (right and left), the back is the opposite part of the front.
Hem: It is the edge of the fabric folded twice over itself secured with hand or
machine stitches at the bottom of skirts, dresses, pants and edges of sleeves,
etc.
Squaring: means arranging or working an object so that its faces are at right
angles.
Mirror: used when tracing the mold on the fabric in order to make the right
side identical to the left.
False : Reinforcement fabric, fold. It is the piece that is located on the inside of
the jackets, generally giving the garment a better finish.
Filleting: Overcasting the edges of the fabric.
Fix: Fasten or secure a piece or part to another piece, usually one on top of
another operation, e.g. Attach nylon to bottom.
Loose: it is an extra tolerance or measurement that serves to prevent the
garment from being tight or tight.
Pocket bottom: it is the internal fabric bag where money or small objects are
stored, it consists of two bottoms or covers and one view.
Industrialization of patterns: symbology and coding necessary to indicate
characteristics and actions to be carried out when preparing and cutting the
garment.
Side: The side or side of a piece.
Line: is a continuous succession of points. Each line has two directions and one
direction, for example from top to bottom, from right to left or diagonal in any
direction.
Sleeve: is the part of the shirt that surrounds the arm. There are many types of
sleeves: short, ranglan, ¾ and long, among others.
Mold: it is the line cut and ready on the paper to place on the fabric.
Mark: Mark specific points using a colored instrument or powder. Pants: it is a
garment with two legs that generally cover from the waist to the ankles. Each
pants must have two front legs, two back legs and some accessories such as:
two side pockets, a waistband, a flap, a flap, among others.
Pattern making: it is the ordered procedure for the construction of a garment.
Pattern or mold: It is each of the pieces or components of the garment
pattern, whether drawn, cut out of paper, cardboard or fabric. The set of total
components of the garment is called the model pattern. Each of these
components can be copied and reproduced serially.
Pin : piece of the waistband through which the belt passes.
Piece: each of the separate parts that make up a garment.
Pickets : small cuts that set the tone for the sewing. Allows support of the
garment.
Knob: is the piece that complements and finishes the opening of the sleeve.
Leg: part of the pants that covers each leg.
Front leg : it is the piece that covers the front part of the leg, it constitutes one
of the most important parts of the pants.
Back leg : it is the opposite piece and complement of the front leg. It is
necessary to have the basic mold of the front to trace the mold of the rear.
Backstitch : is a series of stitches in one or more materials.
Piece: each of the separate parts that make up a garment.
Pickets : small cuts that set the tone for the sewing. Allows support of the
garment.
Waistband : Part of the skirt and/or pants that hugs and adjusts the waist.
Process : These are the different stages that are followed to produce a product.
Edging: action of placing the edging.
Hem: it is the edge and what gives the finish to the lower part of the skirt.
Bust separation: it is the measurement taken from nipple to nipple.
Skewing: is drawing a line of plumb or a mold diagonally. For many it is a
mistake because the finished garment tends to twist, making it uncomfortable;
But in specific cases such as draped necklines or full skirts, it is necessary to
trace the mold on a bias to give the fabric a better drape.
Armhole: curved cut in the fabrics corresponding to the armpit part.
Sisometer: it is a ruler also called a pear. It is used to draw armhole curves.
Its sides are asymmetrical: one of them is used for the front armhole and the
other for the back armhole. This rule also helps us with neck curves.
Size: it is a set of measurements, used to make a base or basic mold or
pattern.
Size: waist of the human body. Part of the dress that corresponds to the waist.
Measurement taken for a dress or suit, from the neck to the waist, both in front
and back.
Fabric: fabric made up of many interwoven threads that form a type of sheet or
sheet. Membrane, lamellar fabric of soft consistency.
Trace: make strokes or lines.
Stroke: line or line that constitutes the shape or outline of something.
Inseam: it is the part of the pants where the legs join.
Chalk for clothing: they are clay-based and of different colors and are used to
mark the molds and marks on the fabric.
Vertex : is the intersection of two lines that form an angle.
View : it is the piece that is superimposed on the pocket bottom No. 2 and is
cut in the same fabric as the pants, this piece does not allow the pocket bottom
to be seen that it is made of a different fabric.
Finishing: the different industrial systems to perfect a product. The finishing of
fabrics includes bleaching, dyeing, shrinking, stretching, printing, satin and
ironing.
Acromion: it is a point located on the shoulder. It is the junction of the
shoulder with the clavicle or the vertex of the neck-shoulder itself.
Almilla: upper cut of the back in the men's shirt or in the front and back of the
women's blouse.
Poise: it is the line that indicates the thread of the fabric and/or break of a
garment, with this line you will prevent the garment from twisting or deforming.
Neckband : Also called collar foot, this is the lower part of the shirt collar.
Bastas: or backstitch, is a series of stitches in one or more materials.
Pocket mouth: it is the upper part of the patch pocket, it must be interlined, or
it can also be on the outside of the welt pockets.
Sleevehole: measurement of the bottom of the sleeves.
Pocket: it is a rectangle of fabric that is sewn and superimposed on the front of
the shirt and on the back of the pants, they are also usually made in a side
opening. It is composed of views or borders.
Blouse: feminine garment par excellence. In the 15th century BC. of C. Women
already wore tight-fitting blouses with a belt. For several centuries it was the
garment of peasant women, and in this century it was replaced by a lighter
garment to accompany the first women's costumes. The appearance of low-cut
blouses in 1913 led them to be called pneumonia shirts.
Bust circumference : it is the measurement taken with the measuring tape
with the arms down, pass the meter around and under the armhole fold,
adjusting the meter a little so that it is not loose and the measurement is more
exact.
Hip contour: it is the measurement taken with the measuring tape horizontally
over the most prominent part of the buttocks.
Waist circumference: the measuring tape is passed above the waist.
Cutting: is the separation of the fabric or leather into different pieces.
Zipper: or closure, it is a toothed device that is applied in the manufacturing
industry of various pieces of clothing.
Collar : it is the upper piece of the shirt that surrounds the neck: shirt, sport
and baby. To make the pattern, the measurements are required: front neckline
and back neckline.
Body: part of the garment that is from the shoulders to the waist. Concave
curve: It is a curve or surface that resembles the inside of a circle or a sphere.
Convex curve: It is a curve or surface that resembles the interior of a circle or
sphere.
Blouse front : it is the piece that constitutes the front part of the blouse.
Hem: It is the edge of the fabric folded twice over itself secured with hand or
machine stitches at the bottom of skirts, dresses, pants and edges of sleeves,
etc.
Neckline: opening in a garment through which the neck and part of the chest
or back show. Part of the bust that leaves a piece of clothing uncovered.
Squaring: means arranging or working an object so that its faces are at right
angles.
Back: it is a piece opposite to the front.
Mirror: used when tracing the mold on the fabric in order to make the right
side identical to the left.
False : Reinforcement fabric, fold. It is the piece that is located on the inside of
the jackets, generally giving the garment a better finish.
Filleting: Overcasting the edges of the fabric.
Fix: Fasten or secure a piece or part to another piece, usually one on top of
another operation, e.g. Attach nylon to bottom.
Loose: it is an extra tolerance or measurement that serves to prevent the
garment from being tight or tight.
Pocket bottom: it is the internal fabric bag where money or small objects are
stored, it consists of two bottoms or covers and one view.
Industrialization of patterns: symbology and coding necessary to indicate
characteristics and actions to be carried out when preparing and cutting the
garment.
Side: The side or side of a piece.
Line: is a continuous succession of points. Each line has two directions and one
direction, for example from top to bottom, from right to left or diagonal in any
direction.
Sleeve: is the part of the shirt that surrounds the arm. There are many types of
sleeves: short, ranglan, ¾ and long, among others.
Mold: it is the line cut and ready on the paper to place on the fabric.
Mark: Mark specific points using a colored instrument or powder. Pants: it is a
garment with two legs that generally cover from the waist to the ankles. Each
pants must have two front legs, two back legs and some accessories such as:
two side pockets, a waistband, a flap, a flap, among others.
Pattern making: it is the ordered procedure for the construction of a garment.
Pattern or mold: It is each of the pieces or components of the garment
pattern, whether drawn, cut out of paper, cardboard or fabric. The set of total
components of the garment is called the model pattern. Each of these
components can be copied and reproduced serially.
Pin : piece of the waistband through which the belt passes.
Piece: each of the separate parts that make up a garment.
Pickets : small cuts that set the tone for the sewing. Allows support of the
garment.
Knob: is the piece that complements and finishes the opening of the sleeve.
Leg: part of the pants that covers each leg.
Front leg : it is the piece that covers the front part of the leg, it constitutes one
of the most important parts of the pants.
Back leg : it is the opposite piece and complement of the front leg. It is
necessary to have the basic mold of the front to draw the mold of the rear.
Backstitch : is a series of stitches in one or more materials.
Piece: each of the separate parts that make up a garment.
Pincer or blade : It is a fold on the same fabric that is sewn on a point in order
to fit the garments.
Pickets : small cuts that set the tone for the sewing. Allows support of the
garment.
Waistband : Part of the skirt and/or pants that hugs and adjusts the waist.
Process : These are the different stages that are followed to produce a product.
Edging: action of placing the edging.
Hem: it is the edge and what gives the finish to the lower part of the skirt.
Bust separation: it is the measurement taken from nipple to nipple.
Skewing: is drawing a line of plumb or a mold diagonally. For many it is a
mistake because the finished garment tends to twist, making it uncomfortable;
But in specific cases such as draped necklines or full skirts, it is necessary to
trace the mold on a bias to give the fabric a better drape.
Armhole: curved cut in the fabrics corresponding to the armpit part.
Sisometer: it is a ruler also called a pear. It is used to draw armhole curves.
Its sides are asymmetrical: one of them is used for the front armhole and the
other for the back armhole. This rule also helps us with neck curves.
Size: it is a set of measurements, used to make a base or basic mold or
pattern.
Size: waist of the human body. Part of the dress that corresponds to the waist.
Measurement taken for a dress or suit, from the neck to the waist, both in front
and back.
Fabric: fabric made up of many interwoven threads that form a type of sheet or
sheet. Membrane, lamellar fabric of soft consistency.
Trace: make strokes or lines.
Stroke: line or line that constitutes the shape or outline of something.
Inseam: it is the part of the pants where the legs join.
Chalk for clothing: they are clay-based and of different colors and are used to
mark the molds and marks on the fabric.
Vertex : is the intersection of two lines that form an angle.
View : it is the piece that is superimposed on the pocket bottom No. 2 and is
cut in the same fabric as the pants, this piece does not allow the pocket bottom
to be seen that it is made of a different fabric.
Finishing: the different industrial systems to perfect a product. The finishing of
fabrics includes bleaching, dyeing, shrinking, stretching, printing, satin and
ironing.
Acromion: it is a point located on the shoulder. It is the junction of the
shoulder with the clavicle or the vertex of the neck-shoulder itself.
Flap: Piece of fabric that accompanies the zipper of the pants.
Finlet : it is a double fin that is placed on the right side of the upper part of the
front pull and serves to protect the skin of the zipper, when it is closed.
Almilla: upper cut of the back in the men's shirt or in the front and back of the
women's blouse.
Poise: it is the line that indicates the thread of the fabric and/or break of a
garment, with this line you will prevent the garment from twisting or deforming.
Neckband : Also called collar foot, this is the lower part of the shirt collar.
Bastas: or backstitch, is a series of stitches in one or more materials.
Pocket mouth: it is the upper part of the patch pocket, it must be interlined, or
it can also be on the outside of the welt pockets.
Sleevehole: measurement of the bottom of the sleeves.
Pocket: it is a rectangle of fabric that is sewn and superimposed on the front of
the shirt and on the back of the pants, they are also usually made in a side
opening. It is composed of views or borders.
Blouse: feminine garment par excellence. In the 15th century BC. of C. Women
already wore tight-fitting blouses with a belt. For several centuries it was the
garment of peasant women, and in this century it was replaced by a lighter
garment to accompany the first women's costumes. The appearance of low-cut
blouses in 1913 led them to be called pneumonia shirts.
Bust circumference : it is the measurement taken with the measuring tape
with the arms down, pass the meter around and under the armhole fold,
adjusting the meter a little so that it is not loose and the measurement is more
exact.
Hip contour: it is the measurement taken with the tape measure horizontally
over the most prominent part of the buttocks
Waist circumference: pass the measuring tape above the waist
Cutting: is the separation of the fabric or leather into different pieces.
Seam: series of stitches that join two sewn pieces. Action and result of sewing.
Sides: they are the ones that join the front piece with the back pieces and allow
the skirt to remain closed.
Zipper: or closure, it is a toothed device that is applied in the manufacturing
industry of various pieces of clothing.
Collar : it is the upper piece of the shirt that surrounds the neck: shirt, sport
and baby. To make the pattern, the measurements are required: front neckline
and back neckline.
Body: part of the garment that is from the shoulders to the waist. Concave
curve: It is a curve or surface that resembles the inside of a circle or a sphere.
Convex curve: It is a curve or surface that resembles the interior of a circle or
sphere.
Blouse front : it is the piece that constitutes the front part of the blouse.
Hem: It is the edge of the fabric folded twice over itself secured with hand or
machine stitches at the bottom of skirts, dresses, pants and edges of sleeves,
etc.
Neckline: opening in a garment through which the neck and part of the chest
or back show. Part of the bust that leaves a piece of clothing uncovered.
Squaring: means arranging or working an object so that its faces are at right
angles.
Back: it is a piece opposite to the front.
Mirror: used when tracing the mold on the fabric in order to make the right
side identical to the left.
False : Reinforcement fabric, fold. It is the piece that is located on the inside of
the jackets, generally giving the garment a better finish.
Filleting: Overcasting the edges of the fabric.
Fix: Fasten or secure a piece or part to another piece, usually one on top of
another operation, e.g. Attach nylon to bottom.
Loose: it is an extra tolerance or measurement that serves to prevent the
garment from being tight or tight.
Pocket bottom: it is the internal fabric bag where money or small objects are
stored, it consists of two bottoms or covers and one view.
Industrialization of patterns: symbology and coding necessary to indicate
characteristics and actions to be carried out when preparing and cutting the
garment.
Side: The side or side of a piece.
Line: is a continuous succession of points. Each line has two directions and one
direction, for example from top to bottom, from right to left or diagonal in any
direction.
Sleeve: is the part of the shirt that surrounds the arm. There are many types of
sleeves: short, ranglan, ¾ and long, among others.
Mold: it is the line cut and ready on the paper to place on the fabric.
Mark: Mark specific points using a colored instrument or powder. Pants: it is a
garment with two legs that generally cover from the waist to the ankles. Each
pants must have two front legs, two back legs and some accessories such as:
two side pockets, a waistband, a flap, a flap, among others.
Pattern making: it is the ordered procedure for the construction of a garment.
Pattern or mold: It is each of the pieces or components of the garment
pattern, whether drawn, cut out of paper, cardboard or fabric. The set of total
components of the garment is called the model pattern. Each of these
components can be copied and reproduced serially.
Pin : piece of the waistband through which the belt passes.
Piece: each of the separate parts that make up a garment.
Pickets : small cuts that set the tone for the sewing. Allows support of the
garment.
Knob: is the piece that complements and finishes the opening of the sleeve.
Leg: part of the pants that covers each leg.
Front leg : it is the piece that covers the front part of the leg, it constitutes one
of the most important parts of the pants.
Back leg : it is the opposite piece and complement of the front leg. It is
necessary to have the basic mold of the front to draw the mold of the rear.
Backstitch : is a series of stitches in one or more materials
Piece: each of the separate parts that make up a garment.
Pincer or blade : It is a fold on the same fabric that is sewn on a point in order
to fit the garments.
Pickets : small cuts that set the tone for the sewing. Allows support of the
garment.
Upper garments : they are those worn from the waist up, among them we
find: jackets, coats, shirts, dresses, onesies and rompers.
Lower garments: they are those worn from the waist down, some of them
are: pants, shorts, boxer shorts, among others.
Waistband : Part of the skirt and/or pants that hugs and adjusts the waist.
Process : These are the different stages that are followed to produce a product.
Edging: action of placing the edging.
Hem: it is the edge and what gives the finish to the lower part of the skirt
Bust separation: it is the measurement taken from nipple to nipple
Skewing: is drawing a line of plumb or a mold diagonally. For many it is a
mistake because the finished garment tends to twist, making it uncomfortable;
But in specific cases such as draped necklines or full skirts, it is necessary to
trace the mold on a bias to give the fabric a better drape.
Armhole: curved cut in the fabrics corresponding to the armpit part.
Sisometer: it is a ruler also called a pear. It is used to draw armhole curves.
Its sides are asymmetrical: one of them is used for the front armhole and the
other for the back armhole. This rule also helps us with neck curves.
Size: it is a set of measurements, used to make a base or basic mold or
pattern.
Size: waist of the human body. Part of the dress that corresponds to the waist.
Measurement taken for a dress or suit, from the neck to the waist, both front
and back
Fabric: fabric made up of many interwoven threads that form a type of sheet or
sheet. Membrane, lamellar fabric of soft consistency.
Trace: make strokes or lines.
Stroke: line or line that constitutes the shape or outline of something.
Inseam: it is the part of the pants where the legs join.
Chalk for clothing: they are clay-based and of different colors and are used to
mark the molds and signs on the fabric.
Vertex : is the intersection of two lines that form an angle.
View : it is the piece that is superimposed on the pocket bottom No. 2 and is
cut in the same fabric as the pants, this piece does not allow the pocket bottom
to be seen that it is made of a different fabric.
Finishing: the different industrial systems to perfect a product. The finishing of
fabrics includes bleaching, dyeing, shrinking, stretching, printing, satin and
ironing.
Acromion: it is a point located on the shoulder. It is the junction of the
shoulder with the clavicle or the vertex of the neck-shoulder itself.
Flap: Piece of fabric that accompanies the zipper of the pants.
Finlet : it is a double fin that is placed on the right side of the upper part of the
front pull and serves to protect the skin of the zipper, when it is closed.
Almilla: upper cut of the back in the men's shirt or in the front and back of the
women's blouse.
Poise: it is the line that indicates the thread of the fabric and/or break of a
garment, with this line you will prevent the garment from twisting or deforming.
Neckband : Also called collar foot, this is the lower part of the shirt collar.
Bastas: or backstitch, is a series of stitches in one or more materials.
Pocket mouth: it is the upper part of the patch pocket, it must be interlined, or
it can also be on the outside of the welt pockets.
Sleevehole: measurement of the bottom of the sleeves.
Pocket: it is a rectangle of fabric that is sewn and superimposed on the front of
the shirt and on the back of the pants, they are also usually made in a side
opening. It is composed of views or borders.
Blouse: feminine garment par excellence. In the 15th century BC. of C. Women
already wore tight-fitting blouses with a belt. For several centuries it was the
garment of peasant women, and in this century it was replaced by a lighter
garment to accompany the first women's costumes. The appearance of low-cut
blouses in 1913 led them to be called pneumonia shirts.
Jacket: It is a thick garment, consisting of two front sides, two back sides, two
sleeves and a collar. It reaches to the hips and is used as a coat or shelter from
the cold.
Bust circumference : it is the measurement taken with the measuring tape
with the arms down, pass the meter around and under the armhole fold,
adjusting the meter a little so that it is not loose and the measurement is more
exact.
Hip contour: it is the measurement taken with the measuring tape horizontally
over the most prominent part of the buttocks.
Waist circumference: the measuring tape is passed above the waist.
Cutting: is the separation of the fabric or leather into different pieces.
Seam: series of stitches that join two sewn pieces. Action and result of sewing.
Sides: they are the ones that join the front piece with the back pieces and allow
the skirt to remain closed.
Zipper: or closure, it is a toothed device that is applied in the manufacturing
industry of various pieces of clothing.
Collar : it is the upper piece of the shirt that surrounds the neck: shirt, sport
and baby. To make the pattern, the measurements are required: front neckline
and back neckline.
Body: part of the garment that is from the shoulders to the waist. Concave
curve: It is a curve or surface that resembles the inside of a circle or a sphere.
Convex curve: It is a curve or surface that resembles the interior of a circle or
sphere.
Blouse front : it is the piece that constitutes the front part of the blouse.
Hem: It is the edge of the fabric folded twice over itself secured with hand or
machine stitches at the bottom of skirts, dresses, pants and edges of sleeves,
etc.
Neckline: opening in a garment through which the neck and part of the chest
or back show. Part of the bust that leaves a piece of clothing uncovered.
Squaring: means arranging or working an object so that its faces are at right
angles.
Back: it is a piece opposite to the front.
Mirror: used when tracing the mold on the fabric in order to make the right
side identical to the left.
False : Reinforcement fabric, fold. It is the piece that is located on the inside of
the jackets, generally giving the garment a better finish.
Filleting: Overcasting the edges of the fabric.
Fix: Fasten or secure a piece or part to another piece, usually one on top of
another operation, e.g. Attach nylon to bottom.
Loose: it is an extra tolerance or measurement that serves to prevent the
garment from being tight or tight.
Pocket bottom: it is the internal fabric bag where money or small objects are
stored, it consists of two bottoms or covers and one view.
Industrialization of patterns: symbology and coding necessary to indicate
characteristics and actions to be carried out when preparing and cutting the
garment.
Side: The side or side of a piece.
Line: is a continuous succession of points. Each line has two directions and one
direction, for example from top to bottom, from right to left or diagonal in any
direction.
Sleeve: is the part of the shirt that surrounds the arm. There are many types of
sleeves: short, ranglan, ¾ and long, among others.
Mold: it is the line cut and ready on the paper to place on the fabric.
Mark: Mark specific points using a colored instrument or powder. Pants: it is a
garment with two legs that generally cover from the waist to the ankles. Each
pants must have two front legs, two back legs and some accessories such as:
two side pockets, a waistband, a flap, a flap, among others.
Pattern making: it is the ordered procedure for the construction of a garment.
Pattern or mold: It is each of the pieces or components of the garment
pattern, whether drawn, cut out of paper, cardboard or fabric. The set of total
components of the garment is called the model pattern. Each of these
components can be copied and reproduced serially.
Pin : piece of the waistband through which the belt passes.
Piece: each of the separate parts that make up a garment.
Pickets : small cuts that set the tone for the sewing. Allows support of the
garment.
Knob: is the piece that complements and finishes the opening of the sleeve.
Leg: part of the pants that covers each leg.
Front leg : it is the piece that covers the front part of the leg, it constitutes one
of the most important parts of the pants.
Back leg : it is the opposite piece and complement of the front leg. It is
necessary to have the basic mold of the front to draw the mold of the rear.
Backstitch : is a series of stitches in one or more materials.
Piece: each of the separate parts that make up a garment.
Pincer or blade : It is a fold on the same fabric that is sewn on a point in order
to fit the garments.
Pickets : small cuts that set the tone for the sewing. Allows support of the
garment.
Upper garments : they are those worn from the waist up, among them we
find: jackets, coats, shirts, dresses, onesies and rompers.
Lower garments: they are those worn from the waist down, some of them
are: pants, shorts, boxers, among others.
Waistband : Part of the skirt and/or pants that hugs and adjusts the waist.
Process : These are the different stages that are followed to produce a product.
Edging: action of placing the edging.
Hem: it is the edge and what gives the finish to the lower part of the skirt.
Bust separation: it is the measurement taken from nipple to nipple. Skewing:
is drawing a line of plumb or a mold diagonally. For many it is a mistake
because the finished garment tends to twist, making it uncomfortable; But in
specific cases such as draped necklines or full skirts, it is necessary to trace the
mold on a bias to give the fabric a better drape.
Armhole: curved cut in the fabrics corresponding to the armpit part.
Sisometer: it is a ruler also called a pear. It is used to draw armhole curves.
Its sides are asymmetrical: one of them is used for the front armhole and the
other for the back armhole. This rule also helps us with neck curves.
Size: it is a set of measurements, used to make a base or basic mold or
pattern.
Size: waist of the human body. Part of the dress that corresponds to the waist.
Measurement taken for a dress or suit, from the neck to the waist, both in front
and back.
Fabric: fabric made up of many interwoven threads that form a type of sheet or
sheet. Membrane, lamellar fabric of soft consistency.
Trace: make strokes or lines.
Stroke: line or line that constitutes the shape or outline of something.
Inseam: it is the part of the pants where the legs join.
Chalk for clothing: they are clay-based and of different colors and are used to
mark the molds and marks on the fabric.
Vertex : is the intersection of two lines that form an angle.
View : it is the piece that is superimposed on the pocket bottom No. 2 and is
cut in the same fabric as the pants, this piece does not allow the pocket bottom
to be seen that it is made of a different fabric.