Evaluation of Viability and Feasibility of Creation of a Specialized

Veterinary Clinic

Daniel Enrique Martínez Medina

Néstor Fabián Vargas Bohórquez

Grade 4 Progress: 4.3

Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia

Projects formulation

Tunja

2020
Evaluation of Viability and Feasibility of Creation of a Specialized

Veterinary Clinic

Daniel Enrique Martínez Medina

Néstor Fabián Vargas Bohórquez

Teacher:

Servant Tulio Delgado

Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia

Projects formulation

Tunja

2020
Table of Contents
 3. INTRODUCTION

3.1 IDEA

3.1.1Economic context

The newspaper Portafolio, citing a report from Statista and Merca 2.0, reported that it is

expected that this year sales of dog and cat food will exceed those of baby food in the

world. A telling fact about the place of pets in homes and population trends in the world.

Figures indicate that in the United States alone, US$69 billion was spent on pet products

and services in 2017, mainly food and veterinary care. This country is the world leader in

pet food sales with US$28,662 million annually and is also the largest pet product market

with sales of more than US$46,000 million.

According to a study by the agency specialized in market and consumption research, Kantar

Worldpanel, and cited by the newspaper El Colombiano, in 2018 the average annual

expenditure in Colombia on pet food is $166,551 and consumption is 34 kilos. These data

show the importance that pets are achieving in families' monthly expenses. (Baquero, 2019)

For Fenalco, the pet market has multiplied by five in recent years, going from US$60

million in 2000 to US$300 million in 2018. However, calculations made by the firm

Euromonitor project that the total value of the pet business in Colombia for 2018 would be

3.02 billion pesos, of which 2.99 billion would be related to the food segment and 24.9

billion would come from of spending on other pet products. According to this same

company, in 2023 families' spending on items and services for their pets could reach 5.43

trillion pesos. (Baquero, 2019)

Colombia is ranked fourth in Latin America in terms of consumption of pet products, after

Brazil, Mexico and Chile; According to the same company, in Mexico the market related to

animal care reached 1,988 million dollars in 2017.

According to data from Procolombia, in 2015 Colombian exports of pet food totaled

US$11.8 million, in 2016 they rose to US$17.6 million and in 2017 they reached US$21.6

million. Furthermore, in the first half of 2018, exports totaled US$17.5 million, 32% more

than in the same period the previous year. Additionally, exports of medicines, nutritional

supplements and other products for pets exceeded US$41 million between January and

September 2018, reaching markets with high potential such as Chile, Mexico, the United

States, Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Canada. (Baquero, 2019)

The pet market has diversified mainly into segments related to food, services and

accessories. The analysis of growth projections indicates that the sector has ample scope for

development and can be a source of opportunities for national companies.

The food segment is the most relevant in the expenditure allocated by households for the

care of their pets. Little by little the habit of feeding them leftovers has been replaced. The

specialization of food products has led to the fact that we currently find differentiated

products for races, ages and sizes.

In the market, the prices of concentrates for animal feed vary according to the percentage of

protein present in the product and its quality.

At the national level, the companies that lead the production and marketing of pet food are

Nestlé, with its family of brands Purina Dog Chow; then Contegral Bogotá, with Ringo and

Mirringo; and then Mars, with Pedigree and Whiskas, according to information extracted
from the newspaper La República, in 2016 these three firms brought together 60.1% of the

market. (Baquero, 2019)

Buying concentrated products is a way to take care of your pet's health. A good

concentrated food should be composed of proteins (such as red meat, chicken, fish or

turkey), carbohydrates (oats, rice and vegetables), animal fats. and vegetables.

The pet services segment has a wide range of offerings including veterinary care, daycare,

training, insurance, fun, respite and funeral services.

Accessories are the segment that presents the most possibilities for innovation and

diversification; currently you can find everything from clothing to toys for pets, including

identification chips, collars, leashes, beds and houses, among others.

Source: Secretary of Economic Development, Mayor's Office of Bogotá

As is expected with the national economy, the projections for the market of veterinary

clinics, pet stores, agro-points and hairdressers, schools, daycares and hotels for dogs and

cats, indicate that in 2019 there would be an economic reactivation , which would be

reflected in an increase in sales for the sector.

Factors influencing the growth of the veterinary sector

1. Taking into account the 2018 Nielsen Study, the categories that have driven the

growth of the pet industry in Colombia are mainly food, which grows by 3%, and

veterinary medical care, with the pharmaceutical category that grows by 15%

(Source CEESA).
2. According to DANE, the size of Colombian households has decreased, and that in

turn has stimulated the ownership of pets.

3. Taking into account the latest Fenalco survey, 43% of Colombian households say

they own a pet and according to Pet Industry Magazine, for the firm Kantar

Worldpanel, there are about 3 and a half million pets in Colombia. Of them, 67%

are dogs, 18% cats and 16% of homes have one or the other.

4. Of the households with pets according to Fenalco, 39% are from the middle stratum

and 47% from the upper stratum, contrary to the belief of some people that pets are

more popular at the base of the social pyramid.

5. Today there is a strong emotional connection between people, dogs and cats, to the

point that they consider themselves another member of the family.

6. The importance that pets have acquired in society has led to an increase in “Pet

Friendly” places that accept pets and have spaces suitable for them, such as

shopping centers and restaurants.

7. Today there is a broader range of services and products for pets, from specialized

medical care to life insurance, walkers, funeral services and hobbies.

8. The number of events aimed at the Pet Lover public has grown significantly.

9. Pets have taken over social networks and the digital ecosystem. One in ten pets has

their own profile on Facebook, Twitter or YouTube. Half of people who have pets

share photos of them through social networks and it is increasingly common for

appeals to raise funds to help animals through Facebook or Twitter. That added to

the fact that there is already a large list of famous and influential pets.
 10. Colombia is the fourth country in Latin America that leads the pet sector, with an

annual growth of 13%. Brazil, Mexico and Chile occupy the top three positions,

taking into account Euromonitor International figures from 2016.

11. Pet food sales will surpass baby food sales in 2019, according to a report by Statista

and Merca.

12. In 2018, Colombia reached historic figures in terms of pet adoption. According to

the Institute of Animal Welfare and Protection of Bogotá (IDBYPA), through the

District some 828 animals found a home that provided them well-being and quality

of life in the capital, this is added to the animals that found families through

organizations nonprofit

In accordance with these factors, the growth projection takes into account the opportunity

for entrepreneurs to invest in the sector, since there is a wide possibility of services and

offers for families who today care more about their well-being, and so reflected in their

consumption of products aimed at animals ( (Gabrica, 2018)

3.1.2 Environmental context

Regarding the public services of the establishment; There must be a water supply,

discharges (decree 3939 of 2010), solid waste management and, as an important aspect, the

comprehensive management plan for hospital waste, which is governed by decree 351 of

2014, where there must be a company that collects all waste, these entities are obliged to

collect animals that weigh <50 Kg and it is the obligation of the establishment's employees

to deliver the corpses in the appropriate manner as reported in the law.

The environmental requirements refer to air quality regulated by decree 948 of 1995, odors

(resolution 1541 of 2013), noise (resolution 627 of 2006) (Hernández, 2016).

Source: University of Applied and Environmental Sciences, Vice-Rector for Research,

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine)

3.1.3 Technological context

Technology advances rapidly and clearly never ceases to surprise us, which is why it has

become a strategic ally in project ideas. In the case of veterinary medicine and/or veterinary

services, it is no exception because the area has advanced, incorporating new technologies

and innovations that are at the forefront and meet all the requirements of the structure of

our project, a veterinary clinic for the prevention, diagnosis and/or treatment of animals.

A notable technological advance is the leap to applications such as mHealth (a term used to

support cell phones in medicine) and wearables (a set of electronic devices anchored to the

pet's body). A clear example of this is performing an electrocardiogram, both in the clinic

and outside of it, through the phone and the Veterinary AliveECG case, since it is portable.

There are even veterinary clinics that rent to clients who have pets with heart disease, so

they can perform the electrocardiogram from home. Other technological advances have

been monitoring collars, which record the animal's heart rate, body temperature, blood

pressure, and calories. There is a model that indicates that these collars are used to evaluate

whether the animal is in pain or not and in this way the veterinarian can monitor it from

home. 3D prints will also be important in veterinary medicine, whether to create printed

paws, artificial beaks that will help improve the quality of life of pets (Rivero, 2018)
Medical Consultation or office : It will have expert doctors in different disciplines with

the following equipment:

-Veterinary stethoscopes

-Veterinary otoscopes

-Veterinary thermometers

-Veterinary scales

-Veterinary glucometers

Clinical Laboratory : State-of-the-art laboratory equipment that allows tests to be

developed and results obtained in minutes.

-Veterinary biochemistry analyzers

-Veterinary rapid tests

-Veterinary centrifuges

operating room

It has monitoring equipment such as:

-Veterinary pulse oximeters

-Veterinary ECG systems

Other accessories for veterinary anesthesia and resuscitation

-Veterinary anesthesia stations

-Veterinary ventilators
-Veterinary breathing circuits

-Veterinary endotracheal tubes

-Veterinary masks

-Veterinary surgery instruments

Other veterinary imaging equipment: Digital equipment that complements diagnoses.

-Veterinary tomography

-Veterinary ultrasound machines

-Veterinary Dopplers

-Veterinary radiography systems

-Veterinary dental radiography systems

-Veterinary stimulable photo plate scanners

-X-ray generators for veterinary radiography

-Software for veterinary radiology

More technologies

Software for managing medical history

Virtual consultation APPS

The technological tools mentioned above are available for projects like this one, the only

restriction on obtaining them is the amount of money available or value of the project as
such, from which the duration of the project and the amount of technology obtained are

derived. .

3.1.4 Regulatory context

For the operation of a veterinary clinic as a private project, regulations are established that

must be met or else it may cause the closure of the establishment. That is why we must take

into consideration the following regulations in the Colombian case:

In the legal part, there are: law 73 of 1985, which establishes standards for the practice of

the professions of veterinary medicine, veterinary medicine and zootechnics and

zootechnics and law 576 of 2000, which issues the code of ethics for the professional

practice of veterinary medicine, veterinary medicine and zootechnics and zootechnics.

Commercial registration is governed by law 232 of 1995 and decree 1879 of 2008, the

documentation relevant to the chamber of commerce will be regulated by the municipal

mayors, in addition it must be communicated to the planning offices or the territorial entity

in charge on the day Upon opening the establishment, the territorial planning plan must be

issued in order to have an adequate location for the establishment; use of public space

which is governed by law 388 of 1997 and law 2981 of 2013. Regarding the public services

of the establishment; There must be a water supply, discharges (decree 3939 of 2010), solid

waste management and, as an important aspect, the comprehensive management plan for

hospital waste, which is governed by decree 351 of 2014, where there must be a company

that collects all waste, these entities are obliged to collect animals that weigh <50 Kg and it

is the obligation of the establishment's employees to deliver the corpses in the appropriate

manner as reported in the law. The environmental requirements refer to air quality
regulated by decree 948 of 1995, odors (resolution 1541 of 2013), noise (resolution 627 of

2006) (Hernández, 2016). Regarding officially controlled medications, they must be stored

in a place where only veterinarians have access. Additionally, information must be

periodically reported on the dispensing and use of these medications. These requirements

are regulated by resolution 1478 of 2006 and resolution 1479. of 2006, which will be

regulated by COMVEZCOL (Council of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics of

Colombia), departmental secretariats and the Colombian Agricultural Institute (ICA)

(Vayda, 2018)

3.1.5 Labor regulation

-The hiring of personnel must be stipulated under a contract, whether part-time or full-time.

-Law 73 of 1985, which establishes standards for the practice of the professions of

veterinary medicine, veterinary medicine and zootechnics and zootechnics.

-Law 576 of 2000, which issues the code of ethics for the professional practice of

veterinary medicine, veterinary medicine and zootechnics and zootechnics.

3.1.6 Legal context

-The commercial registration is governed by law 232 of 1995 and decree 1879 of 2008, the

documentation relevant to the chamber of commerce will be regulated by the municipal

mayors, in addition it must be communicated to the planning offices or the territorial entity

in charge of the On the day the establishment opens, the territorial planning plan must be

issued in order to have an adequate location for the establishment;

-Use of public space which is governed by law 388 of 1997 and law 2981 of 2013.
-With respect to the public services of the establishment; there must be a water supply,

discharges (decree 3939 of 2010),

Health and security

-Image diagnostic methods, such as Likewise, the collection of waste generated by these

centers must be outsourced: sharps and cutting; biological and chemical.

-The premises must also be secured against fire and theft . The professional must take out

health liability insurance

3.1.7 Industrial Context

Veterinary clinics are part of professional, scientific, and technical activities; These

activities occupy third place within the business fabric, which has 832 business units.

Graph No. 1 Business units of professional, scientific and technical activities (classified

by ISIC)

As seen in the graph, the number of veterinary activities in the city of Tunja is 50 business

units , of which there are around 20 veterinary clinics, where there is a wide variety of
categories, clinics for large and small animals and others only for animals. small, some with

greater infrastructure, thus providing more specialized services. (Galvis Pabon, 2019)

Boyacá has the most important union of veterinarians in the country, thus improving the

competitiveness of the clinics located in Tunja. In addition, regarding the hiring of labor,

this can be more complicated because veterinary doctors may demand remuneration.

higher, as a consequence of the fact that they are oriented and protected by the union.

Which is essential in the formulation of the project because the price of labor can be higher

than in other cities.

3.1.8 Political Context

In the political context, the elected mayor does not have public policies in his government

plan focused on improving the animal hospital structure. However, at the national level, one

of the growth factors on the part of the president, which is based on entrepreneurship and

the creation and protection of SMEs.

 4. PROJECT IDENTIFICATION AND PROJECT OVERVIEW

4.1Project Name

Viability and Feasibility Evaluation of a Specialized Veterinary Clinic

4.2 Problem description

4.2.1 Cause and effect analysis

Over the years, attempts have been made to create different veterinary medical services,

however, they have not reached the desirable quality, whether in terms of infrastructure,

coverage, care, or effectiveness in the problems presented in animals. In Tunja, in 2002,

through the Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia (UPTC), the first

veterinary clinic providing services was established, which also develops education and

science, based on the academy. This clinic is the most important at the level of Boyacá,

which is also a public and cultural service, which is linked to the objectives of the state, in

addition to being also financed by private institutions, since UPTC has great acceptance in

the department, for be its cultural heritage. Without a doubt, progress has already been

made in the sector, therefore it is necessary that progress continue to provide greater

quality, coverage, and supply of these services in the veterinary sector.

The need for the creation of a veterinary clinic for small and large animals in the city of

Tunja is due to the insufficient number of sophisticated clinics with sufficient scientific
tools and technologies to provide quality service, in addition to not complying with an

adequate infrastructure and insufficient variety of services, both for large and small

animals, in addition to the fact that many of these do not meet the required health

requirements, the service will not only benefit the city of Tunja, but all the surrounding

regions that will clearly make use of the service.

Some of the aspects that have generated the problem of insufficient specialized veterinary

clinics in Tunja is the lack of importance of the population towards the well-being of

animals, both large animals and companion animals, which are not only found in

municipalities near the city. , but within it, the little knowledge that animal owners have

about the care that all types of animals must have, such as vaccines, care, feeding, treatment

of diseases, among others, which can only be solved by a veterinary clinic; economic

aspects such as the scarce resources on the part of many of the citizens who live off large

animals, in addition to the little knowledge obtained by the owners, the high costs of

veterinary services, due to the shortage of specialized clinics, creating an overdemand for

clinical services veterinarians. Regarding political aspects, the different rulers in recent

years have not given importance to aspects such as the strengthening of veterinary clinics,

subsidies, economic stimuli, a large number of public-private associations, etc. Which has

not created an environment of trust for investment in projects focused on veterinary clinics.

The causes mentioned above have caused the decrease in the well-being of animals and

their owners and the scarce economic opportunity found in the animal health sector.

Taking into account what was stated in the project idea, the analysis of the economic

context in the project idea, the demand for veterinary services has increased greatly at a
global and national level, and will continue to increase as the years go by, both in food for

animals, but much more in other veterinary services, such as clinical services, as stated

above. Tunja is clearly included in everything that happens at the national level and

although clearly in Tunja, there are specialized clinics for both small and large animals,

these clinics are very few and some of them do not have the infrastructure, nor the adequate

capacity, and something very Importantly, the technology that, as already mentioned, has

progressed rapidly in recent years to meet the demand that has been developing, is this

problem that gives rise to the idea of the possibility of creating a veterinary clinic.

Furthermore, as mentioned in the legal context, the increase in regulations and standards for

the well-being of pets has caused an increase in demand for different veterinary services. In

the case of the technological context, its increase in different aspects, from surgery, food,

recreation, medical monitoring, mobile applications, among others. It is important to

mention that from the political and moral context there has been an attempt to humanize the

treatment of animals and this has caused the veterinary industry to expand at a significant

speed.

If the aforementioned problem is not resolved, whether due to external or internal factors,

the clinic will liquidate its employees and partners following legal laws.

4.2.2 Affected and target population

Target population
The specialized veterinary clinic will provide its services to homes, farmers and ranchers or

foundations dedicated to the well-being of abandoned animals, in the city of Tunja and

surrounding municipalities.

This is the target population, because they are the most interested sectors and with the

budget available to acquire the services provided by the clinic, since they are of great

variety and therefore with different price ranges.

The veterinary clinic will also benefit university students who need to do internships,

internships, research, or obtain a job at the clinic, putting into practice their knowledge and

skills acquired during their academic stay.

It is also essential to mention that abandoned animals will also have differential treatment,

whether through feeding campaigns, sterilization, vaccines, searching for people interested

in adopting them, etc. Which will benefit the general population in some way, since they

are uncomfortable with the excess of stray animals, either for different reasons.

Affected Population

Among the population in question are any person or family that has an animal, whether

small or large, foundations explicitly dedicated to the welfare of abandoned animals, and

ordinary people interested in helping animals with different health problems.

Project beneficiaries:

Some of the municipalities, institutions and foundations benefiting from the project are:

Municipalities:

- Tunja

- Soraca

- Motavita
- Oicata

- Combine

- Touch

- Snitch

- Siachoque

- Boyacá

Universities:

 Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia

 Juan de Castellanos University Foundation

Foundations:

 Salva Foundation

 Living Environment Foundation

 Comedog Project

4.3 Project Objectives

4.3.1General objective

Formulate a pre-feasibility study for the assembly of a veterinary services clinic in the city

of Tunja.

4.3.2 Specific objectives

 Conduct a market study to determine the viability of the project based on analyzing

information such as supply, demand, population, prices, elasticities, and

competition.
  Develop a technical study, in order to know the technical and operational aspect,

and in this way know the optimal size of the clinic, quantity and types of services

that should be offered, location, facilities and technological equipment.

 Conduct an organizational study to determine the size and requirements of human

resources, financial resources to support administrative processes and location

 Carry out a legal study, in order to establish the legal framework with respect to the

technical, environmental, labor and financial aspects to which the clinic must align

and comply, and in this way know the rights, duties and restrictions that it has.

 Develop a financial study to determine profitability, the necessary amount of

investment, income projections and costs in the short, medium and long term with

respect to the available economic resources.

4.4 Justification

The idea of creating a specialized veterinary clinic is made in order to provide a service or

attention in a specialized and innovative way to the different demands that may arise in the

market with respect to the health, care and feeding of animals (both large as small), this is

because the veterinary clinics found in Tunja are mostly small and do not have adequate

infrastructure, nor do they provide complete and required services, especially in what has

already been mentioned, large and small animals, since apart from of the clinics of the

Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia and that of the Juan de Castellanos

University Foundation, the number of veterinary clinics with the capacity to care for non-

pet animals is minimal, which are found not only in municipalities surrounding the city. but

in it. The increase in demand for veterinary services in recent years requires an increase in

the supply of these services, and these increasingly involve technology, which for the Tunja
clinics is another failure, because, in the majority Of these, old and not so effective

methods, medicines and procedures are still used.

The beneficiary population corresponds to the inhabitants of the city of Tunja, nearby

municipalities and foundations for the welfare of animals, since they will receive a

specialized and easily accessible service, thus improving the well-being of both people and

animals. New jobs will also be created, giving opportunities to students and professionals.

The project is expected to provide the Tunjana population and nearby municipalities with

innovative veterinary services that adapt to the different needs of clients, whether they are

from the urban area, farmers, ranchers and foundations.

4.5 Cause and effect tree

 5. MARKET STUDY

The purpose of the market study is to obtain fundamental information about supply and

demand, the client, the product or service (in this case), the attention and acceptability of

consumers and in this way verify whether it is feasible or not. the creation of a veterinary

clinic in the city of Tunja.

5.1 Service identification

 The services that the veterinary clinic will provide will be required by animals

(large or small) that have health problems or need some help, immediately attending

to those situations that arise such as emergencies (providing immediate help to those

animals that require it). , medical care (consists of giving an accurate diagnosis that

helps the animal), surgery (service that is provided to those animals in serious

danger), hospitalization (service for animals that need the care of a professional),

hairdressing (haircuts) , daycare (service for those animals that have no one to take

care of them during the day) and pet shop (sale of products such as toys, food,

accessories, among others).

 The users will be those people from the city of Tunja who own animals, with

income that varies between medium and high, their level of schooling will vary

between primary and higher education, who have a great appreciation for animals
 and who care about the well-being of their animals. They, religious beliefs and

professions tend to be diverse.

 The substitutes for the services offered are those provided by the different clinics

and small veterinary clinics in the city and its surroundings, since there is a wide

variety of these that compete by offering a wide variety of prices. Some of these are

easier since they have student labor (small and large animal clinic)

 The complementary services offered are all the care that can be offered to the

animals, such as feeding, since this is a fundamental part of their health and some

may need medicated food (low in flour, with proteins, calcium), also those

entertainment services for pets such as toys or different accessories.

 These services will only be offered in the clinic facilities in order to facilitate the

care and well-being of the animals that require care.

 The possible prices for the consultation service are around $30,000 pesos, the

examinations (X-rays, ultrasounds) the price depends on the animal and will be in

the range of $60,000-$100,000 pesos and $70,000-$100,000 pesos respectively, the

diagnoses given They can be blood count, PGI, cytology, coproscopic, creatinine,

ALT, AST, glucose, calcium, among others, the clinic will charge 40% more than

what the laboratory will charge us, thus obtaining 40% profits.

In the emergency service, it depends on the animal and the severity of the

emergency. If it needs hospitalization, it will have a cost of $30,000 pesos. If the

patient requires the supply of some medication, it will be charged between 30% and

40% more than cost of this.

 Regarding the surgical service, it also depends on the weight of the patient, the risk

(higher or lower), but for example if it is orthopedic, the price will range between

$200,000 and $600,000 pesos, sterilization (male or female) will range between

$100,000 and $200,000 pesos. depending on the weight of the animal.

In the hairdressing and daycare service, the prices depend, the cuts will range

between $30,000 and $50,000 pesos depending on the difficulty, the baths will have

a price of $30,000 and if it is medicated it will range between $40,000 and $60,000

pesos, the nail cutting will have a price of $8,000 pesos and the daycare will have a

price of $40,000 pesos per day.

The prices established by the veterinary clinic are based on the guidance of a professional

veterinarian, with work experience in veterinary clinics in Tunja, (Wilmar Pacheco,

graduate of the Juan De Castellanos University).

In the legal framework, the veterinary clinic will have the license granted by the Secretary

of Health having the ICA certificate, it will be registered with the chamber of commerce, it

will comply with all biosafety protocols, it will seek a contract with a waste collection

company (needles , syringes, everything that has had contact with the patient), the planning

soil certificate and the Tunja sewage certificate will be requested, and a company

responsible for those animals that die will be contracted.

5.2 Demand Study

5.2.1 Objective

Demonstrate through market research that the project to create a specialized Veterinary

clinic for large and small animals aims to satisfy the needs of the population
 individually, each pet owner, farmer or rancher. In addition to indicating whether the

creation of the clinic is feasible and will have the acceptance of the environment.

5.3 Methodology for analysis

5.3.1Market area and geographic zone

The present project is presented in the city of Tunja in the department of Boyacá,

located in the central east of Colombia. Tunja has a total area of 121.4920Km2, where

the urban area is 19.7661Km2 and a rural area of 101.7258km2; an altitude of the

municipal seat of 2782 meters above sea level and an average temperature of 13 degrees

Celsius. It belongs to the central province and limits to the north with the municipalities

of Motavita and Combita, to the east with the municipalities of Oicata, Chivata, Soraca

and Boyaca, to the south with Ventaquemada and to the west with the municipalities of

Samaca, Cucaita and Sora.

 Population

The current population of the city of Tunja is 202,996 with a population growth rate of

1.87%/Year. About 52% of the population is female and 48% is male. The bulk of the

population is between the ages of 18 and 26, followed by the age range 12 to 17 years.

(Funcion Publica, 2019)

The potential market for the veterinary services offered by the clinic is found in the

population that has pets in their homes, which for the city of Tunja is approximately 64% of

the population, based on the city of Manizales, in which , 65% of the population has pets in

their homes.
Regarding the socioeconomic conditions of Tunja, the following table is observed:

Table No.1 Monthly income and expenses of households in the main cities for the year

2010

Source: DANE

As can be seen, in the table of income and expenses, Tunja has one of the highest levels of

income and at the same time one of the highest levels of average spending per household,

with respect to the other cities analyzed.

Of this total income, spending on pet care is in a range of 118,000 to 170,000 pesos

monthly, depending on the quality of the products purchased and the frequency with which

they are purchased.

Per capita or household consumption at the Colombian level of pet care expenses increased

to 170,000 pesos monthly in 2018, which is a considerable figure, since in 20018, it was

equivalent to 68% of the individual income established by DANE. (Ballestas, 2018)

Graph No2. Distribution of Tunja households according to the declared stratum

As can be seen in the graph, more than 50% of the population in Tunja belongs to stratum

3, 4 and 5, which will be the potential market, since they will be the most interested and

with the purchasing power to acquire the different services provided. by the veterinary

clinic.

A great contribution to what was mentioned above is that, in a survey carried out by

FENALCO, of the households with pets, 39% are from the middle stratum and 47% from

the upper stratum, contrary to what some people believe that pets are most popular at the

base of the social pyramid (Gabrica, 2018)

5.4 Historical Behavior

5.4.1 Demographic and income evolution

Graph No. 3 Historical evolution of the population in Tunja 1985-2017

Source: Data extracted from DANE

As can be seen in the graph, over the 30 years the population in the city of Tunja has

increased significantly with growth rates of 1.38%/year from 1985 to 1990, 2.74%/year,

from 1990 to 1995, 3.33 %/year from 1995 to 2000, 2.57%/year from 2000 to 2005,

2.12%/year from 2005 to 2010, 1.94 from 2010 to 2015 and 1.88%/year from 2015 to 2017.

However, a decreasing marginal growth can be observed in the last 15 years.

Positive population growth ensures an increase in demand in demand projections, which is

important when deciding whether to execute the project.

Current and future quantities

Demand projection

Graph No.4 Population projection in Tunja from the year 2022-2036

 Proyeccion Poblacional en Tunja-Boyaca
205,000

200,000

195,000

THabitantes
190,000

185,000

180,000

175,000
2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032 2034 2036
Año

Source: DANE- series of projections

As presented in the population projection graph for the city of Tunja, the increase in

population is significant, having a growth rate of 9.67%/year from 2024 to 2035, therefore,

demand will continue to increase. However, it can be seen in the graph that growth has

diminishing marginal returns. Which is characteristic of the country. In this way, expecting

the city of Tunja to have behaviors similar to those of the country in general or to cities

such as Manizales, Cali, Bogotá or Medellín, it is expected that the population with pets in

homes will reach 70% and with the increases already mentioned of the general population,

the increase in pets in the city of Tunja will be positive and therefore, the demand for

veterinary services will have a significant increase in the coming years

This only means that the veterinary industry has a bright and promising future. And we are

not just referring to food, but to all the complementary services and products that surround

the pet and that until now remain incipient: medical care, dietary supplements, beauty,

clothing and accessories, even travel, hotels and tourism. Therefore, suppliers have
enormous opportunities to diversify their range of products and services, as well as direct

them towards specific niches. (economica, 2018)

Indeed, and focusing only on basic products, in 2017 the industry presented sales of

approximately $1.23 trillion, of which 98.5% refers to spending on food. This value

represented an increase of 11.9% compared to 2016 (enviable for any retail segment) and

an extraordinary 77.1% in just five years (12.1% annually on average). In real terms

(volume sold, but not value of the merchandise), the data is not negligible either: 6.5%

between 2016 and 2017 and 43.9% between 2012 and 2017 (economica, 2018)

In this way, the household consumption portfolio is redefined in these times of uncertainty,

since caution prevails: spending on luxury goods, recreation or any other that seems

dispensable for survival comes into review, if the feeling of negativity remains. Only the

meteoric growth of discount formats demonstrates the Colombian's propensity to pay their

monthly salary as much as possible. However, from this economic logic, and apart from

sectors essential for survival such as food, medicine or public services, one particular sector

seems to be the exception: the pet market. Pets are a long-term commitment, and therefore

put constant pressure on household budgets. (economica, 2018)

In this scenario, it is expected that by 2022, basic pet care will reach sales of $1.68 billion,

where accessories and beauty products would be the protagonists, and specialized

innovative food sub-segments almost tailored to each animal. . Other services and products

will find their consolidation, to the extent that the better economic conditions and the
humanization to which we have referred continue to take root in Colombian society.

(economica, 2018)

 Segmentation

Customers in any market have different preferences and desires, resources, location,

purchasing attitudes and consumption practices. Through market segmentation, companies

try to decide large and different markets into small segments to reach them efficiently by

better adjusting to the needs of demand.

In the case of the city of Tunja and nearby municipalities, there are small and large animals,

and therefore the services offered must take into account the needs of inhabitants of urban

areas and farmers, ranchers and foundations. The following services offered by the

specialized veterinary clinic cover one or several market segments:

 Vaccines: in this case the market segment is mostly defined by clients, especially in

urban areas, with small animals (pets) such as dogs and cats. Clearly, clients who

own these animals make great use of this service, either for the welfare of animals

or due to legal obligations as in the case of the rabies vaccine

 Surgery: in the case of surgeries, the service covers practically all segments of the

market, the demand for them will be made by any client who has a large or small

animal, therefore, the urban population, farmers, ranchers and foundations will be

included. . The price of the surgical services and the animal will be what makes the

market segmentation because the prices for each animal are different.

 Medical Care: In the case of this service, it is focused on the segment of clients

with small animals, this is because due to the ease of transporting the animals and
 the sentimental significance that pets have in homes, there will be greater use of this

service. service.

 Pet Shop: The Pet shop refers to a set of products and services, such as medicines,

nutritious foods, supplements, hygiene products, toys; services such as hairdressing,

cleaning, daycare, tosa, animal fur treatment, dental treatment, among others.

In the medicinal case, it is expected to offer medicines, both for small and large

animals, simple, elaborate medicines, with respect to the age and conditions of each

animal. In addition to medicinal items such as anti-flea collars, which has become a

trend, thanks to the benefits for different pets and other items that can improve the

quality of life of animals. In the case of this service, where a variety of items and

services can be offered with different prices, a segment of the market will be destined,

with a different purchasing power and need, therefore, it will be the price of the service

or item that will focus on a market segment.

 Emergencies: This service is focused on all the aforementioned segments because

it is a primary service to fulfill the primary function of a summer clinic, which is to

save lives and provide well-being to animals. Segmentation in this case would occur

through prices, the time in which the service is performed will have a different cost.

The services offered by the clinic despite trying to focus on a segment, what will somehow

segment the market consistently will be the type of animal to be treated, and the

effectiveness of the treatment that it needs, because each medical treatment Veterinarian

has a different cost, as well as its effectiveness, and each client has a different ability to

pay.
 Consumption per capita

The per capita consumption of veterinary products in 2016 was almost 118,000

pesos. This figure exceeds expenses that the population made in 2015, such as

products, such as light ones, which was 59,000 pesos, or clothing such as jeans,

which was 66,000 pesos. (VILLA, 2017)

Per capita or household consumption at the Colombian level of pet care expenses

increased to 170,000 pesos monthly in 2018, which is a considerable figure, since in

20018, it was equivalent to 68% of the individual income established by DANE.

(Ballestas, 2018)

The market moves according to demand. In Colombia, the pet is part of everyone's

life, from a child to an elderly person.

Therefore, for your attention there is already a whole productive movement in

different sectors, which includes everything from clothing, toys and multiple

accessories to specialized services such as hairdressers, daycares, restaurants,

insurance, health, rest, fun ('spas') and funeral care. . For example, the Los Olivos

company has a funeral plan that even offers cremation services, if the owner of the

pet so chooses. (Ballestas, 2018)

Assistance to these new members of Colombian families is also offered by some

banks to their clients with debit or credit cards.

Thus, people who have products from the Western banks, Caja Social or
 Bancolombia, for a cost of between 20,000 to 30,000 pesos, can obtain home

veterinary consultation for their pets, telephone medical guidance, medication

assistance in case of accident, euthanasia service for serious illness or accident and,

in necessary cases, ambulance to pick up the pet where it is.

(Ballestas, 2018)

These services are offered through agreements with Seguros Sura or Iké

Asistencias.

The Falabella insurance agency, for its part, offers several types of pet insurance

that include medical guidance and home veterinary services. In addition, it has plans

to cover vaccination, assistance for loss of the pet, bathing, hairdressing and

medications. (Ballestas, 2018)

Some other indicators that reflect the consumption of veterinary services at the

Colombian level are:

 The categories that have driven the growth of the pet industries in Colombia have

mainly been food at 3% and veterinary medical care, with the pharmaceutical

category growing at 15%. (Gabrica, 2018)

 According to DANE, the size of households has reduced, and this has in turn

stimulated the ownership of pets.

 By 2019, according to Statista and Merca, the sale of animal food would exceed that

of babies.

 By 2015, six out of every 10 Colombian families own at least one pet (Lopez, 2017)

 Consumer Type:
There are two types of consumers:

The rational consumer, who has constant consumption habits, acts under rational behaviors

and acts under economic rationality (lower prices)

The emotional consumer, currently under emotions and therefore his consumption

decisions are not constant, he reacts to advertising and does not mind paying high prices.

The veterinary clinic specialized in large and small animals will focus its attention on

rational clients, who will come to the clinic periodically for the well-being of their animals.

5.4.3Theoretical characteristics of demand

Demand Function

Q D= f(P, Y, Psus , PComp , Prf, CCM, PA, EV, PG, CJ)

P= Price of the services offered

Y= Disposable income of owners of small and large animals

Psus = Prices of services offered by competing clinics

PComp= Prices of items and services complementary to those of the clinic

Prf = Consumer preferences and tastes

CCA= Awareness regarding the care and well-being of animals

PA= Animal population

EV= Sales strategy

PG= Government policies

CJ= Legal Changes

5.4.4 Estimation of future demand

Demand Projection:

 Quantitative Method: In the case of demand projection, it will be based on

technical coefficients (indicators), because in Colombia there are still no entities or

specialized studies temporal historical data about the demand for veterinary services

and even less , specifically from veterinary clinics.

Data:

 The growth of pet food, products and services grew from 2014 to 2019 by 84.9%,

going from 1.9 billion to 3.5 billion. (ZAMORA, 2019)

 In animal food sales alone, from 2014 to 2019 there was a growth of 53.7%, where

an estimated 472,648 tons were sold in 2019. (ZAMORA, 2019)

 The pet industry grows 15% annually, growth that is above the development of

mass consumption (ZAMORA, 2019)

 On average, a person spends 170,000 pesos a month on purchases for their animals.

 According to DANE, in the first half of 2019, Colombia exported 10.7 million

dollars in food for cats and dogs.

 According to the Nielsen study for 2019, the dog and cat segment amounts to

165,348 tons per year, which is equivalent to 818,240 million pesos in the last year.

(Portafolio, 2019)

 The pet business, for the BIOS agroindustrial group, generates 10% of total sales,

which at the end of 2018 recorded 3 billion pesos. (Portafolio, 2019)

 It is revealed that one in two people have purebred pets, 8 in 10 people say it helps

them release stress and six in 10 people say it helps them overcome sadness. In

addition, seven out of 10 people consider their pet as another member of the family

and three out of 10 people take them with them when they go on a trip. (Portafolio,

2019)

 From a legal perspective, the Republic of Colombia made an important recognition

of the new role of pets in people's lives through Law No. 1774, approved on January

6, 2016, in which they are recognized as sentient beings ( Congress of Colombia,

2016). (VILLA, 2017, pág. 16)

This recognition is based on the following principles:

In the care of the animals, the person responsible or holder of them will ensure at

least:

1. May they not suffer hunger or thirst,

2. That they do not suffer unjustified physical discomfort or pain;

3. That illnesses are not caused by negligence or carelessness;

4. That they are not subjected to conditions of fear or stress;

5. That they can express their natural behavior (p. 1

 Six out of every 10 households in Colombia have pets, according to the market

research company BrandStrat (Benavides, 2019)

 Pet ownership presents a homogeneous behavior in most of the cities presented in

the graph, hovering between 61% and 69%, except in the city of Bucaramanga.

Although Tunja is not included in the study, Manizales is a good reference point for

Tunja, due to the population and territorial similarity that both cities present.

 Another great indicator presented by the market research company, living in closed

homes such as apartment complexes or houses is also a factor that affects dog

ownership. Regarding this, the results show that 82% of closed homes have dogs,

while in open homes that figure is 72%. (Benavides, 2019)

 According to B&O and FENALCO data, 10 million dogs and 4 million domestic

cats are fed concentrates daily. Where 56% of its owners buy food in large

supermarkets; 17% in stores; 14% in specialized pet stores; 13% in barns and 1%

gives homemade food. (colombiano, 2019)

 Of the 14.2 million households censused by DANE, 62% include food for their dogs

or cats in their weekly market.

 Rafael España, Economic Director of FENALCO, pointed out that the pet sector in

Colombia has had exponential growth in recent years:

“Statistics show that in 2000 the food market in this industry was equivalent to 190,449

million pesos. In 2018, this market has multiplied almost fivefold, reaching nearly

900,000 million in the country.” (colombiano, 2019)

 Statistics from Euromonitor International show that Colombia is the fourth country

in Latin America that leads the pet sector. Brazil, Mexico and Chile occupy the top

three positions, respectively. (colombiano, 2019)

 Pets move almost a trillion pesos of the country's economy. A survey published by

figures and concepts shows that pet food is the number nine highest spending

category in Colombian households, beating another category such as fragrances or

toothpaste. Furthermore, stratum 3 in Colombia is the one that spends the most on

pets, representing 40% of the spending of buyers in the category. Followed by

stratum 4 and 5, which together add up to 20%. (MORENO, 2018) .

 According to figures from Statista and Merca 2.0, 2019 will be the year in which

sales of dog and cat food will exceed those of baby food in the world. In the United

States alone, $69 billion was spent on pet products and services in 2017. “The

majority of that money goes toward food and medical care. The strong emotional

connection between people, dogs and cats has generated a powerful industry,” the

report states. (CARDONA, 2018)

 According to Rafael España, director of the Economic Affairs office of Fenalco, the

pet sector in Colombia has had “exponential growth in recent years. For example,

our statistics show that in the year 2000 the food market in this industry was

equivalent to US$60 million. In 2018, this market has multiplied by 5, reaching

US$300 million in the country” (Gerente.com, 2019)

 In Colombia, retail sales of pet products increased by 8% in 2016, with a total figure

of 16.3 billion pesos due to the humanization of pets, whose greatest demand is in

products such as clothing , suits, strollers, carriers and flea control substances. Even

people are going abroad frequently to look at new products for their pets and then

get them at home. (VILLA, 2017, pág. 32)

 When it comes to pets, there is a diversity of clientele. According to Andrés

Vergara, head of the ExpoPet Fair project, cited by Ríos (2016), different types of

clients can be found: from the person who has a pet and tries to meet their basic

needs, to the person who treats their pet like your child. The closer to a high profile,

the more money the person spends monthly on pet maintenance. For example, a

person may be spending an average of $300,000 per month on food, $100,000 on

the doctor, $300,000 on hairdressing (spa) and $150,000 on products. (VILLA,

2017, pág. 38)

 According to figures from the Raddar consulting firm, it is estimated that in

Colombia there are around 5 million pets in the country and at least 43% of

households have a pet. (Dinero, 2018)

 According to Euromonitor, the exponential growth of the pet market will last until

2021, then it will continue to grow at a slightly slower pace. (Unipymes, 2017)

 In a survey carried out by Cifras y Conceptos in 2017 in the five most important

cities in the country, some of the results are the following (Conceptos, 2017) :

Graph No. 5
 Tiene mascota?
Desagregado por nivel socio-economico

59% 57% Si No
49% 51%
41% 43%

Bajo Medio Alto

Source: Concepts and

Figures

Graph No.6

¿cual es el gasto promedio mensual para su mascota en:

$107,000

$58,000
$49,000
$26,000
$16,000

s n ) eo s
re io os ro
do tac nt As ot
e a
en ie y
s m es
pa im ta et
o Al ra u
ria ,t Ju
g
de as
a r i cin
Gu ed
( M
a rio
in
ter
V e

Source: Concepts and

Figures

Graph No. 7
 ¿Cual es el gasto promedio mensual para su mascota en:
Desagregado por nivel socio-economico
148,000

110,000

71,000

65,000 59,000
53,000
46,000
38,000 29,000
28,000 30,000 20,000
21,000 16,000
13,000

Guarderia y Alimentacion Veterinario(Medicinas, Aseo Juguetes y otros

paseadores tratamientos)

Bajo Medio Alto

Source: Concepts and

Figures

 Demand Projection

Carrying out a demand projection for the first year, in which, with the data obtained, it is

estimated that around 64% of the population of Tunja has pets, this is based on data from

the city of Manizales, and with The population data of Tunja, where strata 3, 4 and 5 are

around 53.2% of the total population and initially expecting to accommodate around 5% of

the demand, would be around 3,400 people.

Qd=f(40($150,000),720($30,000),300($30,000),1200($40,000),1100(35,000)

=1'231,000,000 pesos

Service ANNUAL QUANTITY (Q) PRICE(P)

 Surgery 40 150.000

Medical attention 720 30.000

Hospitalization 300 30.000

Hair salon 1200 40.000

Kindergarten 1100 35000

Total 3360

The following table shows the projected number of services performed by the veterinary

clinic over a period of one year.

Graph No. 8 Future demand projection

Qd

T1 T2 T

As mentioned in the market data, according to Euromonitor, starting in 2021, the growth of

the pet sector will decrease its exponential growth, the growth of the industry will continue,

but in a more controlled and slow way.

 5.4 Offer Analysis

5.4.1Methodology for the analysis of the offer

Offer study

There is considerable space for the construction of the clinic (16 meters of frontage × 20

meters deep), with 2 floors:

On the first floor, the client or the owner of the pet(s) will find a large reception area,

cubicles for the sale of concentrated food, medicines and everything related to the care of

domestic animals, being advised by a group of zootechnicians, in addition to the daycare

service; Clients will also have offices for emergencies and consultations of all kinds. On the

second floor, clients will have the hairdressing service, and everything related to pet

aesthetics and the surgery and hospitalization area.

 Current attention to demand and current suppliers

Based on the information obtained in the market study that was carried out, a total of 45

establishments were identified through the database provided by the Chamber of

Commerce of Tunja, establishments that are dedicated to the care of pets and farm animals;

offering emergency services, surgery, sale of concentrated foods, hairdressing and daycare

services for pets, sale of medicines, funeral services, among others. And 8 establishments

such as foundations, suppliers of food, medicines and items for animals, among other types

of establishments
 Market regime: the veterinary clinic will face a high degree of competition in the

animal market, due to the high number of clinics

5.4.2 Current suppliers of the good or service

 Input Market: To obtain inputs, the main supplier will initially be Agrouniversal

Distribuciones SAS, which is found in the information in the attached database in

the city of Tunja, and is dedicated especially to the distribution of medicines and

food for animals. To obtain the necessary equipment and other medical supplies, we

will have the following suppliers:

Table No.3 Suppliers and products

 Fountain: (LAURA VICTORIA MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

5.5 Analysis of demand versus supply

Determination of the demand gap or unsatisfied demand.

 Current market coverage: around 85% of the market is covered by the existing

offer, which is 45 veterinary clinics, some small, medium and large. The veterinary

clinic expects to initially contribute an additional 10% to the current market and in

the long term it hopes to cover 3% more, thereby contributing a total of 13% to the

market.

 Future coverage : with the inclusion of the new veterinary clinic, the demand for

future veterinary services will be covered at 97% in the city of Tunja. Where the

veterinary clinic hopes to contribute a total of 13% of veterinary clinical services to

the market.

 Price determination

Price setting

The veterinary clinic will determine the prices of the services provided taking into account

the prices managed by the other clinics in the city, and will be managed by the percentage

of the unit cost, there will be a profit that will range between 25% and 45% depending on

the service. or the risk thereof.

These prices were obtained from the guidance of a professional veterinarian, with work

experience in veterinary clinics in Tunja, (Wilmar Pacheco, graduate of the Juan De

Castellanos University).

 For the consultation, the unit cost is $23,000, so the clinic will have a margin of

30% and will charge approximately $30,000. Regarding the examinations (x-rays,

ultrasounds) that the animals require, the unit cost is approximately $50,000 and

$60,000, so the clinic will have a margin of 40%, thus charging $70,000 and

$80,000 pesos respectively. Regarding the diagnoses given to the animals, the clinic

will charge 40% more than the price charged by the contracted laboratory.

 Regarding hospitalization, the clinic will charge approximately $30,000, a price that

is in the range charged by other clinics. If the animal needs the supply of a

medication, it will be charged 35% more than the cost.

 Regarding surgeries, it depends on the animal and its risk. If it is orthopedic, it will

have a margin of 40% and will be charged approximately between $300,000 and

$550,000 pesos depending on the severity. Sterilization will also have a margin of

40% and will be charged. between $100,000 and $150,000 pesos depending on the

weight and gender of the animal.

 As for the hairdresser, the prices depend on the cut, these will range between

$30,000 and $50,000 pesos, with a margin of 30% with respect to the unit cost.

 As for the daycare, it will have a price of $40,000 pesos per day, having a margin of

30% on the unit cost. In other services such as baths (medicated or normal) and nail

cuts, there will be a margin of 30% more on the unit cost, thus charging $30,000

(normal bath), $45,000 (medicated bath), $8,000 (nail cut).

 Regarding the pet shop, food will have a margin that will range between 5% and 8%

depending on its type, accessories or toys (leashes, collars, houses, toys, clothing) will

have a margin of 45% with respect to the cost unit of each one.

 Commercialization

 Brand Creation

 Credit Policy

The investment of the project and the sale of the different services and products of the

clinic may have a maximum of 50% in the portfolio, since it would be dangerous to have a

larger credit portfolio.

 Technical assistance

In the case of technical assistance, the most important thing will be the monitoring of pets

undergoing medical treatment by the veterinary clinic, in case of surgeries, discharges from

hospitalizations, deworming or diseases where monitoring is necessary. No guarantee will

be given for the sale of medicines or food.

  Promotion and publicity

Advertising Investment: To position the clinic in the market, the investment in

advertising will be made during the first year and will be done in the following ways:

 Radio notices

 Television advertisements (on local channels)

 Banners

 pocket cards

 periphonium

 Creation of website, on Facebook and Instagram,

 Gifts for clients who publish the clinic and its different services through their social

networks

Advertising Spending: To sustain the brand in the market, emphasis will be placed on the

following strategies

 Actively display the activities carried out by the clinic through social networks

 Have an easy and affordable communication channel with customers (phone,

WhatsApp, website, among others)

 Carry out activities to help stray animals, from the medical and aesthetic fields.

 Carry out promotions and discounts to clients who exceed a threshold of

consumption of veterinary clinic services.

 6. TECHNICAL STUDY

6.1 Technical Aspects

6.1.1 Size

Designed capacity: the clinic will have a capacity for performing surgeries of 4 rooms, for

medical care it will have 5 rooms, for hospitalization it will have 7 rooms available, as for

the hairdresser it will have 3 rooms and for the daycare it will have 3 rooms that will be

distributed so that the animals do not have contact with each other.

Installed capacity: to start the clinic it will only have 2 surgery rooms taking into account

the possible expansion, for medical care it will have two rooms, as for hospitalization it will
start with 3 rooms, it will have a room for the hairdresser and a for the nursery (taking into

account avoiding contact between animals)

Capacity used: to begin the project, the same installed capacity will be put into service

except with the hospitalization rooms, this will start with 2 and will be enabled over time

and with the number of patients the clinic has.

Conditioning.

Market: this will be covered as the demand projection is presented, initially it is projected

to accommodate 5% of people with pets, which will gradually vary based on people's

acceptance.

Technical costs: the financing for the purchase of machinery and tools will be carried out

with own resources and it is worth clarifying that these will be purchased in the smallest

possible quantity, while the clinic makes a profit.

Location: this is presented because the clinic will be located in the city of Tunja in the

northern area and will have to be adapted to the terrain that is presented because it will not

have very large dimensions.

Financial economic: there will be own capital and financing credit to be able to carry out

the project from the construction of the clinic.

6.1.2 Location

The provision of services and the administration of the clinic will be carried out in the same

place (city of Tunja).

Macrolocation
There is availability of qualified labor because the city has universities that train

professional veterinarians that the clinic can employ.

Living conditions: in terms of the security of the city at the departmental level, this is

among the municipalities where merchants feel most insecure. The results are conclusive,

since of all the crimes of which businessmen were victims in the jurisdiction of the

Chamber of Commerce of Tunja, 44.4% were committed in Tunja, followed by

Chiquinquirá with 16.67%, while in third place appears Villa de Leyva, Cómbita, Samacá,

Garagoa, Ráquira, San Miguel de Sema and Chinavita, all with 5.56%. According to the

study, the crimes that occur most are theft from an establishment (50%), robbery, which

includes the retail modality, with 28.6%, and thirdly scam takes place with 14.3%.

Extortion appears in the last step with 7.1%, which, although it is a low percentage, is a

wake-up call to the authorities, as it shows that it is a current criminal modality in this area

of the department. (Boyacá, 2020) .

Regarding the tax regime, the industry and commerce tax in the city of Tunja, for

veterinary activities has a rate of 1.08% of the taxable amount, this according to the mayor's

office of Tunja (resolution no. 0024 of March 16 of 2020) (tunja)

Public services. The clinic will be located on land where public services such as electricity

and water are available, and broadband internet will also be available.

Regarding waste, the veterinary clinic will hire a company (MAREES SA ES P) to be

responsible for collecting potentially risky waste such as needles and syringes. As for the

bodies of those animals that die, the clinic will also hire the company already named to be

responsible for collecting and treating the corpses.

Microlocation

Price of land. The clinic will have its own land to guarantee its construction. The price will

be a little high since the land will be within the city and in the northern area of the city.

Regarding the territorial planning plan, the third sector (north) includes the Unicentro

shopping center, Green Hills, Ciudad Hayuelos, La Independencia Stadium, the

Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia, University of Boyacá, Universidad

Santo Tomás, Firefighters, Plaza de market, La Sexta shopping center and Centro Norte, it

also has essential roads that articulate traffic in the city such as University Avenue and

North Avenue. This sector stands out for being the commercial area par excellence, due to

the agglomeration of shopping centers (Unicentro, Olímpica, Green Hills) and dealerships,

which has valued the properties and is turning it into the focus of development of the city.

Its progress has mostly been generated in an organized manner in neighborhoods such as:

Las Quintas, Santa Inés and Mesopotamia. Currently, there is a large amount of land

available to continue the project development process. In the sector there are endowment

properties such as the La Independencia stadium, the National Police, the Recreational Park

of the North, the Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia, the University of

Boyacá and the Medilaser Clinic, among others. Regarding the values of the land, a

heterogeneous behavior is observed, in which it can be seen that the land for residential use

is between $90,000/m2 in neighborhoods in the northern and western sectors comprised of

Los Cedros, Los Corales and José A. Gaitán, up to $900.00/m2 in the northern and eastern

parts, in neighborhoods such as Remanso de Santa Inés, Remanso III, Santa Inés and Las

Quintas (different socioeconomic levels), according to the Agustín Codazzi Geographic

Institute. In relation to the commercial sectors, the properties fluctuate between 800,000/m2

(Carrera 6ª) up to $1,800,000/m2; around the Glorieta. (Tunja A. m.)

The final location of the specialized veterinary clinic will be in the northern part of the

city , acquiring its own land to guarantee the construction of the clinic, thus having the ease

of obtaining all the services available for it to function correctly.

6.1.3 Project engineering

6.1.3.1 Action plan and schedule of the investment and operation phase of the project

Establishment of methods and technical procedures

Next, the technical procedures, the required personnel and the appropriate space to carry it

out will be explained, and in this way transform, based on supplies, labor and space, the

service offered by the veterinary clinic.

MEDICAL CONSULTATION:

Description: It is a general clinical assessment of the patient's health status through

anamnesis, auscultation, general physical examination and review, in order to diagnose the

patient. Taking into account the taking of samples from clinical examinations and thus

being able to establish the appropriate treatment for each pathology (LAURA VICTORIA

MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

Anamnesis: the clinical history of each patient will be carried out in the veterinary

software, starting with the identification of the patient, questions to the owner about the

name, sex, age, vaccination status, antiparasitic status, whether it is whole or sterilized,

environment in which it lives. and type of feeding. If the patient is new, questions will be

asked to the owner such as signs, behavioral changes or symptoms for which he or she has

decided to request a medical consultation. (LAURA VICTORIA MUÑOZ CORREA,

2017)

Physical examination: physiological constants will be taken such as heart rate, respiratory

rate, the patient will be examined starting from the head until reaching the tail, the lymph

nodes will be palpated, the oral cavity, ears, eyes will be examined, and finally the patient

will be listened to. abdomen, lungs and heart. As a priority, a physical examination of the

system through which the patient arrived at the consultation will be carried out, since it is

the most important thing. (LAURA VICTORIA MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

Taking samples: for a concise and precise diagnosis, different tests are necessary, for

which there will be an agreement with a laboratory specialized in tests and samples.

Reading of results: once the results are obtained, the corresponding veterinarian will read

them in the company of the owner, explaining the cause of the patient's pathology.

Diagnosis: with the definitive diagnosis, the reason for the diagnosis will be explained to

the pet owner, the results will be attached to the patient's medical history and different

means of approach for said etiology will be studied.

Establish treatment: different means are studied to solve the disease, focusing on the most

appropriate treatment, clearly explaining to the owner the procedures to be carried out,
procedures, medications, dosage, route of administration, frequency, and costs. A formula

will be made explaining to the owner for an adequate dosage of medications. (LAURA

VICTORIA MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

Controls: calls will be made to patients weekly in order to know if the owner's handling of

medications has been correct, and to know the patient's progress. A check-up appointment

is scheduled with the owner to take their pet to the clinic, and perform a physical

examination and laboratory tests, if necessary to review the patient's progress. With the

results obtained, it will be decided if the patient will complete the treatment and will need

another treatment or intervention.

The clinic will also take into account technological applications in the case of heart

diseases, so that the veterinarian can review the patient's heart rate. (LAURA VICTORIA

MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

Required Personnel: Veterinarian

Equipment and supplies required: stainless steel table, stethoscope, thermometer, organ

equipment, desk, chairs, computers, software, syringes, gloves, cotton, gauze, scale,

alcohol, muzzle, applicators, tongue depressors, blood collection tube, container sterile for

urine and stool sample, glass plates

Required area: 3 meters by 4 meters

Medications: Antiseptics, allopathic medications, homeopathic medications, intravenous

solutions (sodium chloride, dextrose, Ringer's lactate), analgesics, relaxants, antihistamines,

vaccines, antiparasitics. (LAURA VICTORIA MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

Consultation time: 30 minutes

Aimed at: Small species that present a medical problem or patients who undergo general

check-ups periodically.

URGENT CARE

Description: consists of the assessment of pets with a problem due to chance events,

accidents or crises due to any illness that said pet has.

For patients who enter the veterinary clinic urgently, the action plan must be quick and

effective. As a first step, the animal must be stabilized before an appropriate general

physical examination can be performed; The anamnesis and the initial examination are

taken as a basis, which must be brief, complete and systematic to use the most appropriate

treatment and the necessary procedure, emphasizing the ABCs (airways, breathing,

circulation) of the emergency patient.

Required personnel: Veterinarian

Required supplies and equipment: stainless steel table, stethoscope, thermometer, organ

equipment, desk, chairs, computers, software, syringes, gloves, cotton, gauze, scale,

alcohol, muzzle, applicators, tongue depressors, mask, endotracheal tube or tube , ambu

reservoir bag, mechanical ventilator, conventional anesthesia machine pressure gauge,

oxygen probe, bandage

Medications: o2, Antiseptics, allopathic medications, homeopathic medications,

intravenous solutions (sodium chloride, dextrose, Ringer's lactate), analgesics, relaxants,

antihistamines, vaccines, antiparasitics

Aimed at: Small species.

Space required: 4 meters by 4 meters

SURGERY:

Description: a physical examination will be performed and the tests performed in the

laboratory will be studied to evaluate the patient's condition and thereby ensure that he or

she is suitable for any procedure to be performed. Additionally, the patient is prepared for

the intervention (fasting, pre-surgical medication, etc.) (LAURA VICTORIA MUÑOZ

CORREA, 2017)

Required personnel: Doctor and veterinarian and veterinary assistant

Required supplies and equipment: Surgical instruments, stainless steel table, supplies for

therapy fluid, alcohol, gauze, syringes, needles, muzzle, cavitron, quaternary ammonium,

autoclave, lectern, iodine, suture material.

Required area: 4 meters by 5 meters

Medications required: intravenous solutions, antiseptics, disinfectants, analgesics,

anesthetics, antihistamines, antibiotics, and other allopathic medications. (LAURA

VICTORIA MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

Service time: between 40 to 3 hours, depending on each procedure, and factors that vary

during it.
Aimed at: small and large species that require prophylaxis procedures or periodontal

diseases, sterilizations, hernias, extraction of biopsies, sebaceous cysts, cesarean sections,

exploratory laparotomy, etc.

Diagnostic Imaging

Description: diagnostic images are taken for patients who require them. There will be x-

ray equipment. The results will be delivered to the client and their medical history will be

updated for the post-consultation.

Required personnel: Veterinarian

Supplies and equipment required: x-ray equipment, CD, removable memory, stretcher,

gloves, computer.

Required area: 3.6 meters by 3.1 meters

Service time: taking diagnostic images lasts 20 to 30 minutes

Aimed at: patients with joint pain, multiple trauma patients, patients with possible

fractures, suspected tumors, pregnancy, suspected foreign bodies in the intestine

HAIR SALON

The hairdressing service that the clinic will offer will be personalized, attending to the

needs of each patient so that their time at the hairdressing salon is pleasant and positive.

Because the service is personalized, it must be scheduled by appointment in order to

provide the best possible service and meet the owner's expectations.

The hairdressing service includes:

  Washing (specific shampoo for coat type)

 Medicated bath (if the pet requires it)

 Insecticide bath (depends on the existence of parasites)

 nail cutting

 haircut

 Ear examination and cleaning and hair removal

 Hygiene and care of the anal and ventral area

Required personnel: Hairdresser

Supplies and equipment required: blower, hairdressing machine, machine blades,

bathtub, scissors, combs, table, towels, shampoo, nail clippers

Required area: 3 by 4 meters

Time: each service will last 1 to 2 hours depending on the handling and behavior of the

animal

Aimed at: feline and canine pets that need a specific bath and cut.

KINDERGARTEN

This service consists of caring for and keeping pets, both during the day and at night. It

includes food during the time the pets remain in the daycare, as well as toys and fun

objects, so that patients have pleasant moments. in clinic daycare, in addition to outdoor

walks for exercise and fun.

Required personnel: Caregivers with training and experience in the comprehensive

management of pets
Time: Hours or days

Required area : 8 meters by 10 meters, plus public outdoor areas

Aimed at: pets, especially canines, that require care and daycare either for hours or days.

Supplies: food, feeders, waterers, toys, whistles, cleaning implements, cages,

biodegradable disinfectant detergent, towels.

Registration requirements:

 Veterinary certificate of good health and deworming

 Certificate of recent application of anti-flea products

 Legible and complete photocopy of vaccination card

Equipment:

 Necklace

 Muzzle

 Belt

If necessary, medications and specific food. (roja, s.f.)

production function

❑
Y=f(k 0.3 , L0.6 , A )

Depending on the production function, the production process will have the following

technical coefficients:
The capital factor will be 30% of the production process, the labor factor will be the

intensive factor of the production process of the veterinary clinic with 60% and the

technology factor will be 10% in the production process.

The labor factor will be the intensive factor of the production process because in the city of

Tunja there are two universities that have veterinary medicine programs, therefore a large

amount of qualified labor has been used for the veterinary clinic, in addition , the large

number of technical students, technologists and professionals in different areas is an

opportunity for the clinic, in the case of administration, finances, market projection,

systems, user service among other areas that can be part of the clinic.

The 10% in the technology factor is because it is essential to include technology in the

production process of the clinic, so that it has advantages over other veterinary clinics,

technology such as mobile applications, different ways of care could make a difference

without increasing costs. costs to a large extent.

Identification and selection of processes

GENERAL CONSULTATION : the steps to be carried out in the general

consultation are as follows:

 Description: It is a general clinical assessment of the patient's health status through

anamnesis, auscultation, general physical examination and review, in order to

diagnose the patient. Taking into account the taking of samples from clinical

examinations and thus being able to establish the appropriate treatment for each

pathology (LAURA VICTORIA MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

 Anamnesis: the clinical history of each patient will be carried out in the veterinary

software, starting with the identification of the patient, questions to the owner about

the name, sex, age, vaccination status, antiparasitic status, whether it is whole or

sterilized, environment in which it lives. and type of feeding. If the patient is new,

questions will be asked to the owner such as signs, behavioral changes or symptoms

for which he or she has decided to request a medical consultation. (LAURA

VICTORIA MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

 Physical examination: physiological constants will be taken such as heart rate,

respiratory rate, the patient will be examined starting from the head until reaching

the tail, the lymph nodes will be palpated, the oral cavity, ears, eyes will be

examined, and finally the patient will be listened to. abdomen, lungs and heart. As a

priority, a physical examination of the system through which the patient arrived at

the consultation will be carried out, since it is the most important thing. (LAURA

VICTORIA MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

 Taking samples: for a concise and precise diagnosis, different tests are necessary,

for which there will be an agreement with a laboratory specialized in tests and

samples.

 Reading of results: once the results have been obtained, the corresponding

veterinarian will read them in the company of the owner, explaining the cause of the

patient's pathology.

 Diagnosis: with the definitive diagnosis, the reason for the diagnosis will be

explained to the pet owner, the results will be attached to the patient's medical

history and different means of approach for said etiology will be studied.
  Establish treatment: different means are studied to solve the disease, focusing on

the most appropriate treatment, clearly explaining to the owner the procedures to be

carried out, procedures, medications, dosage, route of administration, frequency,

and costs. A formula will be made explaining to the owner for an adequate dosage

of medications. (LAURA VICTORIA MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

 Controls: calls will be made to patients weekly in order to know if the owner's

handling of medications has been correct, and to know the patient's progress. A

check-up appointment is scheduled with the owner to take their pet to the clinic, and

perform a physical examination and laboratory tests, if necessary to review the

patient's progress. With the results obtained, it will be decided if the patient will

complete the treatment and will need another treatment or intervention. The clinic

will also take into account technological applications in the case of heart diseases,

so that the veterinarian can review the patient's heart rate. (LAURA VICTORIA

MUÑOZ CORREA, 2017)

URGENT CARE

Primary emergency care According to Ford and Mazzaferro, 2007; In emergency care at the

clinic for small species (canines and felines), it is common to receive phone calls to notify

that an accident has occurred or to notify that they are on their way to the veterinary

hospital with an animal that requires immediate attention; When these situations arise, we

must develop a methodology to do everything necessary for the animal. If you receive a call

to give notice, the questions to ask are:

What happened to the animal?

How long ago did it happen to you?

Is he breathing?

Do you feel your heart or pulse?

Are you hemorrhaging or bleeding?

What has been done to the pet (procedures)?

All these questions must be well formulated and simple, we must try to collect as much

information as possible about the accident in order to know what we will face and have all

the instruments and medications ready to care for the animal. (Mateo Velásquez Restrepo,

2017)

The veterinary hospital staff must be made aware that an emergency is on the way, so that

everything is easier and faster when the animal arrives. In the opposite case where the

animal is taken to the hospital without prior notice, triage must be carried out to prioritize

critical patients, evaluating the three main organs in the body (heart, lung and brain or

CNS), any alteration in any of them. These must be taken into account for the

categorization of the patient (Font, 2009).

Respiratory : increased breath sounds, tachypnea, open mouth breathing, orthopnea

position, cyanotic mucous membranes, abdominal breathing.

Cardiovascular: tachycardia, color of mucous membranes, active bleeding, increased

capillary refill time, pulse quality and rhythm.

Nervous: mainly mental status is evaluated (stupor, coma, delirium, seizure,

hyperexcitability). (Mateo Velásquez Restrepo, 2017)

Triage classification • Patients who must be treated in the shortest possible time, with a

risk of death over 90%. 12 • Critical patients: they must be treated in minutes, a maximum

of one hour. • Urgent patients that can be treated in a few hours • Less serious patients that

can be treated in less than 24 hours. (Pérez & Heriberto, 2010) In the majority of patients

who enter the small species clinic as an emergency, the action plan must be so quick and

effective that the animal must first be stabilized before a general physical examination can

be performed. appropriate; The anamnesis and the initial examination are taken as a basis,

which must be brief, complete and systematic to use the most appropriate treatment and the

necessary procedure, emphasizing the ABCs of the emergency patient. (Mateo Velásquez

Restrepo, 2017)

A: Airway. The primary focus is to have patent airways, eliminate anything that causes

obstruction such as blood, saliva, foreign body, etc.; In most cases, O2 support must be

given to the patient either through a mask, tube, or endotracheal tube; If the airways cannot

be made patent, an emergency cricothyroidotomy or tracheostomy must be performed.

(Mateo Velásquez Restrepo, 2017)

b. Breathing 13 Is the patient breathing? No: the patient must be intubated to provide

intermittent positive pressure ventilation through an air bag (Air, Manual, Breathing,

Emergency) or a mechanical ventilator (Mateo Velásquez Restrepo, 2017)

c. Circulation ‟Know the current circulatory status of the patient, for this it is necessary to

know their HR, rhythm, pulse (quality and synchronization), heart sounds (these may vary

due to: hypovolemia, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, pneumothorax, hemothorax,

diaphragmatic hernia), electrocardiographic tracing, blood pressure‟ (Mateo Velásquez

Restrepo, 2017)
KINDERGARTEN

The pet daycare service will be characterized by the following steps:

 welcome the owner and his pet

 A general characterization of the pet will be carried out, which includes general

data, behavior, health status, vaccination card, age, sex, place where it lives, diet,

among others.

 Reception of the pet

 Location and given their respective food and water

 Walk, recreational activities, physical games among others and return to their place,

whether cage or crate

SURGERY : For surgical care, the following protocol will be carried out:

Patient preparation

 The hair must be shaved atraumatically for a minimum of 5 cm from the

incision site - The use of the #40 blade or razor is recommended

((HSVMA))

 Surgical preparation of shaved skin must be disinfected with surgical

products appropriate for use on skin

 . Chlorhexadine or povodine-iodine in a 1:1 dilution with at least two

contact periods of 30 seconds and three with 30 seconds and 1:10 diluted

chlorhexadine.

Position on the table

  Clean surface with a clean towel or quilt placed under the patient to

maintain heat and prevent muscle damage or pain. ((HSVMA))

 Ventro-medial technique

 The patient should be positioned supine with the legs comfortably tied

away from the surgical area.

 Technique through the side

 Positioned in left or right lateral decubitus position with legs gently tied

away from the surgery site

Surgeon preparation

 Clothing – clean apron (or similar fabric)

 Cap and chinstrap (mask) for abdominal procedures and castrations in

adult dogs

- Optional robe

 Hand and arm disinfection

 Sterile surgical gloves – easy to use

- The Surgeon must know how to place them and maintain their sterility

Surgeon's minimum knowledge base

 Definition of the surgical procedure

- Females

 Minimally, both ovaries completely removed

- Oophorectomy – the complete removal of both ovaries

 - Ovariohysterectomy – the complete removal of both ovaries, the uterine horns

and the body of the uterus or

- Males

 Complete removal of both testicles

Monorchid – a single descended testicle

Criporchid – neither testicle has descended

 Knowledge of the surgical procedure to be performed

 Identify and understand the use of surgical instruments and materials

 Ability to make secure ties (square knot, surgeon's knot, Millers knot) - Tying

square knots is essential

 Anatomy of the surgical procedure

- It allows you to identify and differentiate what is normal versus abnormal and

how to deal with the differences surgically

 Peri-Surgical Skills

- Recognize pollution and how to respond

- Know how to isolate structures to find the source of bleeding and apply

hemostasis

- Recognize complications and know how to respond to Primary Bleeding due to

surgical complications Secondary due to diseases/or parasites

 Surgical complications

 Physical state – diseases/parasites

Asepsis
Asepsis must be established and maintained throughout the surgical procedure.

 It is essential for safe surgery and to reduce postoperative complications.

- The consequences of a non-sterile technique may not be immediately

visible.

- Antibiotics cannot, nor should they, replace or compensate for poor

sterile technique.

 Relatively inexpensive and easy to establish and maintain.

- The cost of treating complications resulting from non-sterile technique is much

greater than the cost of establishing and maintaining asepsis.

- Economic cost

- The suffering and pain of the animal

- Relationship with the community

 Sterile field

- Anything on or on the sterile drape is considered sterile and should not be

touched by anyone other than the surgeon or surgical assistant as long as it is

done with sterile surgical gloves.

Postoperative care

Postoperative care is essential to the overall care and safety of patients. Monitoring

the patient during recovery allows the animal to awaken in the safest manner and

also allows postoperative complications to be identified in a timely manner.

Recovery
The veterinarian in charge of the field clinic must ensure direct and continuous

observation during the recovery process and in this way signs of hemorrhage,

respiratory or cardiac complications, and pain can be identified. Experienced

volunteers are required to observe the recovery of patients. These volunteers must

be able to recognize abnormal recovery parameters and be able to identify

complications. Additionally, the recovery stage is the most frequent time in which

bites occur. Lack of experience with animals recovering from anesthesia increases

the possibility of being bitten. Bites are important in any setting, but can be even

more important during a field clinic given the uncertainty of which vaccines the

animal has received, limited ability to quarantine the animal, and often an inability

to follow up on the case. in addition to possible infection.

Common situations in which bites occur are:

 Removing the endotracheal tube

 The sudden return to knowledge

 Pain

 Inadequate approach to monitoring vital parameters, especially capillary

refill time and mucosa color.

Experienced staff can differentiate between delirious recovery and pain and anxiety.

Recovery areas can be practically anywhere as long as there is enough space, it is

safe and has a level surface and is a quiet place. It must also be considered that an

increase in noise, light and activity around the animal can affect recovery.

Therefore, those who are directly involved in the recovery of the animals must take
 all this into account. Animals should be monitored until they are ready to return

home or they may be placed in a cage. Any questions or queries related to animal

monitoring and parameters should be directed to a veterinarian or veterinary

technician. Volunteers should be provided with ranges regarding normal parameters

during the recovery stage to assist them in their task. The exception to the above

will be those wild or very aggressive animals, which do not allow direct monitoring

(handling the animal). However, they should still be observed to ensure that they are

recovering in an acceptable manner. If indicated, any anesthetic that can be reversed

to speed recovery should be administered. During recovery, the following

parameters should be monitored:

 Temperature

- Thermoregulation is the most common complication during the postoperative

period. Hypothermia adversely affects circulation and delays recovery. Keep

patients dry and warm using the heat sources previously indicated. Animals

frequently urinate during the postoperative period. Wet beds, towels, blankets or

newspapers should be changed immediately. Hyperthermia can be treated using

IVs, fans, ice, cool floors, etc.

- Do not continue taking temperatures if this is causing stress to the animal or

danger to the volunteer doing the monitoring.

 Pulse rate and quality

 Breathing rate and rhythm

 Airway patency

 Capillary refill recovery time and mucosa color

  Signs of pain and anxiety

 Neurological status and level of care or sedation

 Movement and the ability to walk

 Check the incision for any discharge or swelling Pediatric patients deserve special

attention. They are much more prone to hypothermia and hypoglycemia. They

should be fed a small amount of food as soon as it is safe to do so. Keep them warm

and manage hypothermia as necessary.

Postoperative instructions

Written instructions must be given to the owner, in addition to explaining them verbally,

ensuring that they are understood. The ability to read and write can be a factor in the

community. Written instructions should be provided, but should also be explained in case

the owner cannot read. Some people won't divulge that they can't read. A contact name and

number should be provided to the owner to address questions that arise during the post-

operative period or if complications arise. Keep in mind that field clinic patients arrive and

return home in ways very different from where you may live. As many animals will not

fully recover from anesthesia, every care must be taken to ensure that the animal has a safe

method of transporting itself home. It may be unconventional, for example, carried in a cart

or basket carried on the owner's back or on a horse. Frequently, the patient lives outside

without any means of confinement. Postoperative instructions should include discussion of

the need for confinement in a location that is not exposed to the elements, is dry and

protected from the elements for the first 24 hours and preferably for 7-10 days.

HAIR SALON
For the hairdressing service, it will be carried out as follows:

 Prepare work area:

- Sanitization of the work area complying with a technical procedure product

technical sheet

- Application of biosafety measures in compliance with the technical health

procedure

- Equipment isolation

- Product storage

- Conservation of products

- Cleaning of work instruments

(SENA, 2016)

 Enter animal

- Completion of the service order, complying with technical procedure

- Assessment of the animal, complying with the technical procedure and the

welfare of the animal

- Assurance of the animal complies with the technical procedure and well-being

of the animal

- Shift assignment

(SENA, 2016)

 Take care of skin and hair

- Evaluation of skin or hair condition

- Hair management
 - Application of products corresponding to the type of hair, laboratory

recommendations or owner's requirements

- Hair brushing, which is part of the aesthetic characteristics of the breed

- Bathing the animal in compliance with the technical procedure

(SENA, 2016)

 Apply cutting technique

- Aesthetic management of the animal with technical requirements of the service

- Preparation of implements corresponding to the manufacturer's technical sheets

- Cut design

- Performing the animal's hairstyle

(SENA, 2016)

Production type

In the case of the veterinary clinic, the offer of services will be on request. The veterinary

clinic has basic guidelines of action for each service offered, which is supported by a

methodology and a protocol, however, as each patient has totally different characteristics

and their needs are unique and different, the service offered must be made flexible and

molded. to the conditions, requirements and needs of the patient, in addition to the payment

capacity of each owner. Of course, without departing from the theoretical, methodological

and legal guidelines that govern the veterinary clinic.

Requirements balances

Machines Technical Amount Unit cost Total Cost Account Techni Scrap
characteristics ($) ($) ing cal value ($)
 useful useful
life life
(years)
Organ team Welch Allyn Pocket 1 895.000 895.000 8 10 223.750
Led Organ Kit

Nebulizer 1 149.800 149.800 8 10 37.450

GMD Portable
Nebulizer
Autoclave In painted sheet 12 1 1´100.000 1´100.000 8 10 275.000
liters
Stethoscope RAPPAPORT 3 68.700 206.100 5 7 17.175
GMD
TENSIOMETER
AND
PHONENDOSCOP
E KIT
Fridge CHALLENGER 1 1´199.900 1´199.900 6 13 299.975
387 Gross Liters
x-ray Samil DM 100P 1 75´000.000 75’000.000 10 10 18´750.000
equipment portable unit/ 3
DISCFIRE CR
FLASH/
Radiological table
Hairdressing Dog grooming 1 420.000 420.000 5 5 0
blower blower
Hairdressing Andis ultra edge 1 690.000 690.000 5 5 0
machine and dog grooming
blades machine 1/ blades
oxygen portable oxygen 1 53.5000 53.500 5 5 0
equipment equipment
Syringe 50cc syringes 20 35000 700.000 5 0

anesthesia Norvap Tabletop 1 2´300.000 2´300.000 10 10 575.000

machine Veterinary
Anesthesia Machine
Initial investment in machinery, equipment and technology 82´714.300

The requirements balances will be the resources necessary for the operation of the

veterinary clinic, both in quantities and costs, and will be a base input for the formulation of

the financial study that will come later.

Table No. 4 Balance of machinery, equipment and technology

Table No. 5 Balance of reinvestments in machinery and equipment

Equipment Techni Ye Ye Ye Year 4 Ye Year Year Ye Year 9 Ye Year 12
cal ar ar ar ar 6 7 ar ar
useful 1 2 3 5 8 10
life
Organ team 5 895.000

Nebulizer 5 149.800
Autoclave 5 1
´100.000

Stethoscope 7 68.70
0
Digital 5 65.000
thermometer
Digital 8 74.00
balance 0
anesthesia 10 2´300.000
machine
Hairdressing 5 690.000
machine and
blades
Hairdressing 5 420.000
blower
x-ray 10 75
equipment ´000.000
Fridge 13 1
´199.900

Table No. 6 Balances of financial or civil works

item Unit of Amount Unit Total Cost Account Techni Scrap

measur (dimensions) cost ($) ($) ing cal value
ement useful useful
life life
(years) (years)
2
Floor 1 m 300 500.000 150´000.000 20 100 10%
2
Floor 2 m 300 500.000 150´000.000 20 100 10%
2
Offices m 100 600.000 60´000.000 10 10 0%

Total 360´000.000
investmen
t in
physical
works
Source for collecting some data: (internos, s.f.)

Table No.7 Personnel balance

Provision for a given volume

Post Positions Gross Remuneration

Monthly Annual Type of contract

Administrative

General manager 1 2´300.000 27´600.000 Permanent

Secretary 1 1´500.000 18´000.000 Permanent

Administrator 1 1´800.000 21´600.000 Permanent

General services 2 $1´480.000 17´760.000 Permanent

Production

Veterinary 1 1´550.000 18´600.000 Permanent

Assistant

Veterinarian 2 $2´000.000 24´000.000 Permanent

Pepsitter 1 1´500.000 18´000.000 Permanent

Hairdresser 1 1´500.000 18´000.000 Permanent

Total 10 163´560.000

Board. No. 8 Balance of raw materials and/or materials

Production Volume: 3360 services

Annual cost
Material Amount
Unit of Unitary
measuremen $ Total $
t
1 ml syringe Ml 4 boxes * 100 18.500 74.000
units
3 ml syringes Ml 4 boxes* 100 21.000 84.000
units
5 ml syringes 4 boxes * 100 23.700 116.000
units
10 ml syringes Ml 3 box *100 $29.000 87.000
units
Oxygen mask Unit 60 2.250 135.000

Catheter no. 24 Unit 30 1.728 51.840

Catheter no. 22 Unit 30 1.728 51.840
Catheter no. 20 Unit 30 1.600 48.000
Rolled cotton gr 10 rolls 17.000 170.000
*500gr
Alcohol 3800ml 20 jars 22.300 446.000
Hydrogen 1 Lt 15 jars 9.450 141.750
peroxide 10%
(hydrogen
peroxide)
Povidone- 120ml 20 jars 5.740 114.800
iodine
chlorhexidine 1 Lt 15 jars 51.750 776.250
Sticking plaster Meters 10 48.500 485.000
assortments
per 6 rolls
Gauze You. 10 rolls 100 55.405 554.050
 Vds.
Face mask Unit 15 box x 50 9.459 141.885
units
Macro drip Unit 30 units 1.533 45.990
equipment
Gloves Size 5 boxes x 100 11.517 57.585
units
Folley Probes Units 40 units 2850 114.000
Scalpel Blades Units 3 boxes x 100 25.333 75.999
units
Sodium 0.9%* 250ml 40 jars 2.200 88.000
chloride
Dextrose 5%* 500ml 40 jars 2.469 98.760
Guardian 1.5lt 30 jars 3.200 96.000
Gatherer
Turnstiles Unit 50 6.600 330.000
Applicators Units 20 package * 520 10.400
20 units
Lower tongues 1 package * 15 packages 980 14.700
50 units
Slide sheets Unit 3 packages 980 2.940
*50 units
heparinized Units 150 546 81.900
plug

creped paper Mt. 1 rolls * 50 42.857 42.857

Mt
Polypropylene No. 2- 30 units 3.100 93.000
0*75cm
Nelaton probes Unit 30 units 1.100 33.000
shampoo Lt 6 gallons * 4 53.000 318.000
Lt, each
 gallon
Lectern Lectern IV 4 169.900 679.600
holder

Guacales of Kit of 5 units 1 540.300 540.300

different sizes in different
sizes
Choking 20 28.000 560.000
muzzle
Blankets 10 15000 150.000
Towels 20 12.000 240.000
Feeders and double dining 15 10.500 157.500
waterers rooms
Portable Medium 1 215.800 215.800
refrigerator plastic
drawers cabinet 2
doors 1/ 10
liter
styrofoam
refrigerator 1
Hospitalization Stainless steel 3 1 3´300.000
cages cages 6 pieces ´100.000
Hairdressing Dog 1 420.000 420.000
blower grooming
blower
Hairdressing Andis ultra 1 690.000 690.000
machine and edge dog
blades grooming
machine 1/
blades
oxygen portable 3 53.500 153.900
equipment oxygen
equipment
Syringe 50cc 15 35000 525.000

Cleaning kit 250 ml, Wet 5 70.000 360.000

cloths and
petys 50 units
stainless steel Seville 2 749.900 1´499.800
table Stainless
Steel Work
Table
60x124x88cm

Surgical Instrumental 1 387.000 387.000

Instruments for Veterinary
29 pieces Surgery
Equipment
for 29 pieces

Digital balance Weight Scale 2 74.000 148000

GMD Digital
Scale
Digital 2 65.000 130.000
thermometer
Whistle Metallic 2 1500 3.000
Necklaces Adjustable 10 2.500 25.000
collar
according to
the size of the
pet's neck
circumference
Balls Rubber with a 5 8000 40.000
diameter of
4.7cm
electric 39.900 2 39.200 78.400
flashlight
Portable Medium 1 215.800 215.800
refrigerator plastic
drawers cabinet 2
doors 1/ 10
liter
styrofoam
refrigerator 1
Medicines
Amoxisol 100ml 10 jars 45.250 452.500
Atropine 50ml 10 jars 26.940 269.400
Dexamethasone 8mg, 2ml 100 ampoules 850 85.000
Prosyfen 50ml 10 jars 47.300 473.000
Adrenalin 1mg/1ml 100 ampoules 992 99.200
Omeprazole 40mg 30 boxes x 3.890 116.700
10u each box
Ranitidine 50mg/2ml 30 boxes x 2.554 76.620
10u each box
Dipyrone 1g/2ml 30 box x 10u 2.405 72.150
each box
Lidocaine 2% 20 jars 2.704 54.080
Vincristine 1mg/1ml 10 ampoules 11.800 118.000
quaternatium 1 liter 5 jars 83.338 416.690
ammonium
Acepromazine 10ml 15 jars 6.650 99.750
Ketamine 10mg 5 jars 42.500 212.500
Euthanex 50ml 5 jars 158.400 792.000
Gentamicin 20 5 jars 15.900 318.000
 Furosemide 20mg/2ml 200 ampoules 550 110.000
Ampicillin 1g 30 boxes x 2.670 80.100
20u each box
Ceftriaxone 1gr 30 boxes x 2.340 70.200
10u each box
Metadoxyl 500mg 5 boxes x 20u 66.570 332.850
each box
Cephalexin 500mg 30 boxes x 7.500 225.000
10u each box
Tramadol 100mg/2ml 300 ampoules 980 294.000
Metronidazole 500mg 100 jars 1551 155.100
Saline solution 500ml Production
100 jars Volume: 3360 services
2300 230.000
Hartman 500ml 100 bags1.900 Annual cost
190.000
Solution Supplies Amount Unitary $ Total $
Saline plus 5% 30 bags x 500 1850 55.500
Unit of
Table No. 9 Balance of general inputs
dextrose ml
measurement
Investment in materials and raw materials 16´098.186
3
Drinking water m 350 3.425,85 1´900.000
Energy Kwh 4400 572.14 2´253.416
Clinical Unit 1 355.000 355.000
laboratory
module
IV room chairs Tandem * 1 340.900 340.900
positions
Stainless steel unit 3 27.500 82.500
waist bag
Computer unit 5 1´200.000 6´000.000
Printer unit 1 499.900 499.900
Internet and 10 megabytes 1 130.400 130.400
telephone
Paper ream 5 8.400 42.000
waiting room Living room 1 260.900 260.900
table table 42*80*60
office chair unit 5 229.000 1´145.000
Desk unit 5 199.900 999.500
Total =14´009.516
 Table No. 10 Completion schedule

Investments - Months
Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Land acquisition

Acquisition of
machinery
Adquisition of
equipments
Facilities
Construction of civil
works
Assembly of
machinery and
equipment
Materials and
supplies
Installation and
 commissioning
Start of commercial
operations

7. ORGANIZATIONAL STUDY

7.1 Type of organization: The type of organization for the project will be autonomous,

which is independent, of private initiative and a new productive unit (new company)

will emerge.

Concept map No. 1 Type of project organization

GERENTE
GENERAL

PERSONAL FINANZAS ADMINISTRACIÓN MERCADEO

7.2 Function at area level

production function

In the production function, which aims to optimize resources, from all aspects. The project

planning will be taken into account. Where it covers the project engineering, the technical

processes of each service offered and their respective required inputs, the planning of

materials and services, as well as machinery, equipment and tools, in aspects such as their

prices, useful and technical life. In addition, the number of patients to whom services will

be provided taking into account what was previously predicted. To provide the services in

the best way, personal protection measures will be taken into account and equipment will

be available to guarantee and preserve the lives of the animals. The inventory of supplies

will be carried out by a responsible person, thus avoiding economic losses. As for quality

control, this will be done through the health secretary, a suggestion box and surveys where

the animal owners will rate the different areas of the clinic, customer service, service

effectiveness, service quality, medicines, food, treatment of pets, hygiene of the place and

its staff, among others.

Equipment maintenance will be done routinely by third parties to avoid failures and be

more objective. Regarding the safety of the clinic workers, there will be a plan to avoid

financial problems when a work accident occurs, so the employees will be insured by an

occupational risk insurer, taking into account law 1562/12 of industrial safety. As for

general services, employees will be responsible for cleaning the clinic and cafeteria for

employees.
Financial function

In this area, a record will be kept of all the movements made by the clinic, both income and

expenses. As for the investment, it will be managed taking into account future

reinvestments in terms of the expansion of infrastructure and the purchase of new and more

specialized equipment. The clinic administrator will manage the clinic's budget and cash

taking into account income and expenses, in addition to the treasury, budget, investments

and their sources.

Human resources function

The human resources department will be in charge of hiring personnel taking into account

minimum requirements to apply for positions, for example a university degree (veterinary

doctor). You will be in charge of the training processes, defining their periodicity, a

hierarchical structure will be managed and you will be in charge of guaranteeing the quality

of life of the employees and handling problems due to differences that arise within the

clinic. In the case of recruitment, there will be a number of interns from the different

universities, since one of the clinics is focused on its production function in human capital,

therefore, it will link interns from the different universities.

Marketing function

This area is responsible for setting the prices of the services taking into account those of the

competition, in addition to the advertising, recognition and good name of the clinic, as well

as the sales of certain petshop products.

7.3 Description of functions and profiles at position level

General Manager: The responsibilities of the veterinary clinic fall on him, and he also has

to ensure compliance with the planned projections.

Monday to Friday: Morning: 8:00 am to 12:00 p.m.

Afternoon: 2:00 pm to 6:00 p.m.

Saturday: 8:00 am 4:00 p.m.

Some of the most important functions are:

 Plan and develop goals, short, medium and long term, taking into account annual

growth objectives

 Establish the rights and duties of each worker

 Establish the functions and schedules of each worker

 Create business relationships for the veterinary clinic

 Attend training and conferences regarding veterinary medicine topics.

 Create agreements with clinical laboratories, since this service is not offered by the

clinic

 Stay updated with the different legal reforms regarding health, work, health, among

others.

 Qualify and incorporate veterinary personnel who are trained for the different

activities carried out by the veterinary clinic

 Take into account the different agreements, courses, conferences, etc.

 Create the ideal work environment, through different norms, rights, values,

teamwork.
 Secretary: This position is responsible for coordinating employee schedules and

keeping track of patients treated.

Schedule:

Monday to Friday: Morning: 8:00 am to 12:00 p.m.

Afternoon: 2:00 pm to 6:00 p.m.

Saturday: 8:00 am to 4:00 p.m.

 Politely answer the phone.

 Provide information regarding the services provided and programs developed,

promotions, events and products.

 Take the patient's complete data, name, telephone number, ID, address, and other

data required for the registration of the record and assignment of the appointment.

 Review and make appointments for the Administrator and manager.

 Control of expenses and management of reports.

 Manage social networks, keep their content updated and maintain fluid

communication with clients of this medium.

 Make appointments with patients offering options for times and days.

 Call the patient the day before in order to remind them of the appointment, time,

professional and/or procedure.

 Pass the call to staff.

 Timely announce the arrival of the patient to the professional.

  Once the different treatments and/or products have been formulated, such as

treatments, among others, make appointments with the clients, according to their

frequency and subsequently call the patient the day before the appointment in order

to remind them of the time. of the appointment, in terms of products, coordinate and

guide the patient to acquire them

Veterinary doctor: this has responsibilities such as monitoring and controlling the diseases

of patients (animals), carrying out both small and high-risk surgeries, giving possible

diagnoses to animals and prescribing possible medications to those who need treatment.

hospitalization.

Schedule:

Monday to Friday: Morning: 8:00 am to 12:00 p.m.

Afternoon: 2:00 pm to 6:00 p.m.

Saturday: 8:00 am 4:00 p.m.

Each veterinary doctor, despite having a working schedule, must be available 24 hours a

day. In emergencies, he or she will have to work at night behind closed doors and monitor

hospitalization patients. The next day he will hand over the shift to the veterinarian in

charge.

This position involves the following responsibilities:

 Medical-veterinary consultation services, attending, examining and controlling the

different animal species in the clinic.

 Plan, coordinate and execute animal sanitation programs.

 Carry out diagnoses and control of animals.

 Perform diagnostic images such as x-rays that patients require.

 Apply prescribed treatments to animals in your care.

 Performs surgical interventions and cures in general.

 Carry out inventories of supplies and request them.

 Participate in the preparation of the medication unit budget.

 Attend and participate in meetings, conferences and others.

 Keep the clinical history of all animals.

 Supervise and distribute the activities of the personnel under your charge.

 Keep the equipment and work site in order, reporting any abnormalities.

 Timely request the necessary inputs for the development of your activities from the

administrative manager.

 Keep the equipment at your disposal in good condition.

 Immediately report any damage or loss of any equipment, accessories or supplies.

 Review the expiration date and conditions of the supplies.

 Use the uniform, shoes, safety elements such as gloves, hats, face masks, in perfect

condition.

 Provide services according to established protocols.

 Provide the service and/or treatment to the patient in a professional manner.

 Fill out the hospitalization sheet for each patient in order to keep track of

treatments.

 Comply with assigned schedules.

  Provide support if necessary for the quality of service and patient care.

 Advise the pet owner regarding risks and precautions that must be taken for the

success of the different treatments.

Administrator:

Schedule:

Monday to Friday: Morning: 8:00 am to 12:00 p.m.

Afternoon: 2:00 pm to 6:00 p.m.

Saturday: 8:00 am to 4:00 p.m.

This position involves administrative, accounting and advertising tasks, and includes the

following functions:

 Create and carry out different marketing campaigns that increase customer demand

for the clinic.

 Create and define the function manuals for each position and ensure that they are

complied with.

 Keep communication channels open with partners and accountants, especially in

administrative aspects.

 Review accounting records in the system every day.

 Verify that all payments have the corresponding supports

 Perform cash counting

 Carry out periodic inventories of supplies and products that are for sale.

 Portfolio Review
 Bank reconciliation

 Control of items of property, plant and equipment

 Perform telemarketing functions, maintain control over the database and schedule

the appointments that result from this work.

 Maintain control of the basic services that must be paid for. (a monthly report is

sent of those that must be paid).

 Management of office and clinic supplies in general.

 Check the state of the building structure in order to detect damage such as

humidity, state of floors, walls, glass, locks, metal plates, bars, repair or

replacement of damaged property.

 Check that the waste route is being complied with in its entirety by the personnel

responsible for waste management and that the professionals linked to the clinic are

clear about the waste route and are executing it correctly.

 Review the suggestion box weekly, keep paper and pencil in them so that they can

be used by clients and patients.

 Review of fire extinguishers, that they are located and marked in accordance with

national safety standards.

 Management and development of the legal part of the company such as renewals of

the Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Commerce, Firefighters Certificate,

Certificate of the Secretary of Health, compliance with the regulations of the

Secretary of Health, among others.

 Scheduling payment to suppliers and financial obligations in conjunction with the

secretary and Board of Directors.

  Scheduling purchases such as stationery, personal property and equipment.

 Generation of collection accounts for linked professionals, for services and

alliances taken together.

 Receive requests for permits and/or licenses from staff, coordinate their

replacement.

 Review the requests and/or suggestions of the professional staff linked to the center

and respond to them in a timely manner.

 Evaluation of compliance with internal regulations and regulatory circulars

Veterinary assistant: This is the responsibility of controlling, supplying and caring for the

treated animals, also serving as help to the doctor when surgery is required, keeping the

materials, equipment and tools needed to treat patients clean.

Schedule:

Monday to Friday: Morning: 8:00 am to 12:00 p.m.

Afternoon: 2:00 pm to 6:00 p.m.

Saturday: 8:00 am to 4:00 p.m.

 Collaboration in all medical and surgical procedures performed by Veterinarians.

 Perform procedures that are delegated by doctors and that can be performed

individually.

 Manage and care for patients in an orderly manner, keeping a schedule and

managing priorities.
  Keep track of the patient and give a report of their evolution to the veterinarians

and, if they determine it, to the owners.

 Maintain asepsis of the consultation site.

 Helps in the patient's medication.

 Comply with industrial hygiene and safety standards at work

Hairdresser: This is the responsibility of giving haircuts to the animals that require the

service.

Schedule:

Monday to Friday: Morning: 8:00 am to 12:00 p.m.

Afternoon: 2:00 pm to 6:00 p.m.

Saturday: 8:00 am to 4:00 p.m.

This position involves the following responsibilities:

 Carry out adequate disinfection of your work area.

 Appropriately distribute the animals placed in your care.

 Report any anomalies found in the animal to the veterinarian in charge.

 Carefully give the animal a complete bath, always keeping in mind the care of its

ears.

 Comply with the requests required regarding the cut by the owners. taking into

account first the condition of the animals' hair.

Pepsitter: This is the person in charge of caring for the pets in the daycare area.
Schedule: according to the pet care schedules in your charge

Features.

 Pet care at your own expense during the entire schedule established by the client

 Feed the pets

 Carry out different recreational activities for pets

 Walking pets in open fields

 Put the dogs in their respective muzzles.

 Control of storage of food, drinks, toys, cages, blankets.

 Notify a veterinarian if you observe health problems in pets.

General services:

Schedule:

Monday to Friday: Morning: 7:00 am to 12:00 p.m.

Afternoon: 2:00 pm to 5:00 p.m.

Saturday: 7:00 am to 3:00 p.m.

This position involves the following responsibilities:

 Design a weekly cleaning plan.

 Keep each area of the clinic perfectly disinfected and organized.

 Manage cleaning supplies, ensure that their use is appropriate and keep track of

them.

 Comply with the rules and instructions received by the clinic Management.
  Daily review of all common areas of the institution, these are bathrooms, patio,

Hospitalization, Waiting Room, Liquids Room, Main Entrance, Corridors,

Reception, Operating Rooms, Office 1, Office 2, Hairdresser and other areas.

 In all areas in general, you must inspect the state of the cleanliness, that it is free of

garbage, dust, that the walls, doors, windows and furniture are clean and tidy, that

there are no personal items of company officials in any common area. .

 In the bathrooms, it should be checked that there are toiletries such as soap, paper

towels and toilet paper, these must be deodorized, must not be tanned and must

remain completely clean and dry, the trash can must be free of waste and have the

bag that corresponds to it according to the waste management regulations. Review

and coordinate that garbage and hazardous waste are being delivered to the

corresponding institutions or organizations on the days scheduled for said

collections.

7.4 Organization chart

GERENTE
GENERAL
SECRETARÍA

ADMINISTRADOR FINANCIERO PRODUCCIÓN MERCADEO

 8. LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL STUDY

8.1 Definition of Legal Figure

The veterinary clinic will be established under Law 1258 of December 5, 2008, by which

the Simplified Share Companies SAS is created. This figure allows both natural and legal

persons to develop commercial and civil activities. Regardless of whether they are large,

medium, small or micro entrepreneurs.

The creation of the SAS figure is carried out by means of a document that must be

authenticated by the participants of its subscription and registered in the Commercial

Registry of the chamber of commerce.

The steps and requirements for registering the veterinary clinic with the chamber of

commerce are:

1. Check that it is possible to register the name of the company, since it may be used

by the company, before the chamber of commerce

2. Write and sign the statutes of the new company. As is the contract that will regulate

the relationship between partner and natural persons who participate in the project.
 3. Process the PRE-RUT at the chamber of commerce before proceeding with

registration. It is necessary to present statutes, completed forms and ID of the legal

representative.

4. Registration in the registry. It will be carried out in the chamber of commerce,

analyzing the legality of the statutes, in addition to the cancellation of the

registration tax.

5. Opening of a bank account with the company and PRE-RUT registered, in this way

the DIAN will be able to register the definitive RUT.

6. With the bank certificate, the final RUT will be processed at the DIAN

7. Submit RUT to the DIAN before the chamber of commerce, so that the certificate of

existence and legal representation already appears as provisional

8. Request billing resolution from the DIAN.

9. Every company must request Book Registration at the Chamber of Commerce;

These will be the minute book and the shareholders book.

10. Register the company in the Social Security system, to be able to hire employees

4.2 Type of Contracting for Project Execution

For the execution of the veterinary clinic, a turnkey contract will be established through the

figure. This type of contract consists of the contractor establishing certain conditions for the

contractor, of which the most important is the time limit for the execution of the project and

its value, which cannot be modified. Therefore, the contractor must initially carry out the

project with its resources and must do it in the shortest possible time, in order to avoid
losses due to delays. After the completion of the work, payment will continue to be made,

with the value established in the contract.

Other important conditions that the contracting party will impose on the contractor in the

turnkey contract will be the technical conditions, infrastructure design and time limit.

For the veterinary clinic, this type of contracting will be used because in this way it will be

possible to have greater control over the duration of the execution of the project and the

resources necessary to carry it out, since through this type of contracting you can have

greater control over these fundamental variables of this phase of the project.

4.3 Regulatory Framework of the Project

Pre-investment phase

 Law 1258 of December 5, 2008; refers to the regulatory framework by which SAS

companies are governed

Investment phase

 Decree 898 of 2002, refers to the name established for the clinic, which must not be

the same as another company.

 Law 232 of 1995 and Decree 1879 of 2008, refers to the commercial registration,

relevant documentation to the chamber of commerce and issuance of the territorial

plan (POT) in order to have an adequate location of the establishment.

Operation phase

The regulations for the operation of the veterinary clinic are:

 Law 73 of 1985, which establishes the rules for the practice of veterinary medicine

and zootechnics professionals.

 Law 576 of 2000, which issues the code of ethics for the professional practice of

veterinary medicine and zootechnics

 Law 388 of 1998 and law 2981 of 2013, which refer to the use of public space

 Decree 3939 of 2010, which establishes the management of solid waste and

discharges

 Decree 351 of 2014, refers to the comprehensive hospital waste management plan.

 Decree 948 of 1995 which refers to air quality

 Local regulations: compliance with laws and requirements by entities such as

mayors, firefighters and the health secretary of the respective locality. Such as

visits, inspection records, public health surveillance system (SIVIGILA),

medication storage, refrigerator temperature recording, human safety, fire risks,

waste management,

 Resolution 1541 of 2013 refers to odors

 Noise resolution 627 of 2006 refers to noise

 Resolution 1478 of 2006 and resolution 1479 of 2006, which refer to the control,

storage, dispensing, use and access of medicines

 Resolution 2190 ce 1971, regulates the disinfection of household tanks

 Decree 1072 of 2015, regulates the occupational health and safety management

system (SG-SST)

 Decree 2257 of 1986. Regulation of research, prevention and control of zoonoses

 Law January 9, 1979. Health regulations for regulating waste that threaten the

environment and public health

 Law 84 of 1989. National statute for the protection of animals.

 Law 746 of 2002. Regulates the ownership and registration of potentially dangerous

dogs

 Resolution 4445 of 1996. By which rules are issued for compliance with the content

of Title IV of Law 09 of 1979, regarding the sanitary conditions that hospital and

similar establishments must comply with.

 Compliance with requirements issued by the Colombian Association of Regulatory

Pharmaceutical Chemists

 Law 30 of 1986. Surveillance and control over the import, export, distribution and

sale of drugs, medicines, raw materials.

 Resolution 9031 of 1990. Requirements on the operation of clinic equipment.

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Galvis Pabon, S. A. (2019). Tejidos Empresariales de Tunja Octubre de 2019. Tunja: Departamento
de Planeacion y Estudios Economicos.

Gerente.com. (2019). Obtenido de https://gerente.com/co/mercado-mascotas-colombia-crecera-

2019/

internos, S. d. (s.f.). Servicio de impuestos internos. Obtenido de

http://www.sii.cl/pagina/valores/bienes/tabla_vida_enero.htm

LAURA VICTORIA MUÑOZ CORREA, C. Y. (2017). EVALUACIÓN DE LA VIABILIDAD Y FACTIBILIDAD

DE UNA CLINICA VETERINARIA EN EL MUNICIPIO DE VITERBO, CALDAS. Manizales.

Lopez, N. O. (2017). Plan de negocios dirigido al fortalicimiento de la veterinaria Lindo Can.

Obtenido de http://repository.lasallista.edu.co/dspace/bitstream/10567/1846/1/
Plan_veterinaria_LindoCan_Itagui.pdf

Mateo Velásquez Restrepo, D. V. (2017). Principios básicos de urgencia en pequeñas especies, para
estudiantes. Obtenido de
http://repository.lasallista.edu.co/dspace/bitstream/10567/1859/1/
Urgencias_Pequenas_Especies.pdf

MORENO, J. (12 de Diciembre de 2018). Portafolio. Obtenido de

https://www.portafolio.co/negocios/las-mascotas-mueven-casi-un-billon-de-pesos-de-la-
economia-del-pais-524357

Portafolio. (23 de Julio de 2019). Obtenido de https://www.portafolio.co/negocios/la-linea-de-

mascotas-se-dinamiza-en-grupo-bios-531835

Rivero, N. T. (23 de Mayo de 2018). Portal Vetrinaria. Obtenido de

https://www.portalveterinaria.com/articoli/articulos/28489/nuevas-tecnologias-
aplicadas-en-veterinaria.html

roja, C. (s.f.). Instituto de educacion, Cruz Roja Colombiaba. Obtenido de

http://www.cruzrojabogota.edu.co/centrocanino/guarderia-canina

SENA. (7 de 10 de 2016). SENA. Obtenido de

http://certificados.sena.edu.co/claborales/saveas.asp?var1=270501096

tunja, a. d. (s.f.). Obtenido de https://alcaldiatunja.micolombiadigital.gov.co/sites/alcaldiatunja/

content/files/000802/40093_2020_acuerdo_municipal_0012_del_31may2020.pdf
Tunja, A. m. (s.f.). Obtenido de https://alcaldiatunja.micolombiadigital.gov.co/sites/alcaldiatunja/
content/files/
000670/33475_2019_7nov_sintesis_diagnostico_tomo_1_pot_tunja_2019.pdf

Unipymes. (20 de Noviembre de 2017). Obtenido de https://www.unipymes.com/mercado-de-

mascotas-en-colombia-alcanza-crecimiento-de-13/

Vayda, V. E. (2018). REQUISITOS PARA EL FUNCIONAMIENTO DE UNA CLÍNICA VETERINARIA DE

PEQUEÑAS ESPECIES EN BOGOTÁ. Bogota: UNIVERSIDAD DE CIENCIAS APLICADAS Y
AMBIENTALES - U.D.C.A.

VILLA, M. P. (Agosto de 2017). ESTUDIO DE LA OFERTA Y LA DEMANDA DE PRODUCTOS DE

MASCOTAS. Obtenido de
https://repository.eafit.edu.co/bitstream/handle/10784/12723/MariaPaulina_ArboledaVil
la_Camilo_RestrepoPerez_2017.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y

ZAMORA, H. F. (11 de Agosto de 2019). Portafolio. Obtenido de

https://www.portafolio.co/negocios/mascotas-negocio-que-moveria-3-5-billones-este-
ano-532462

http://observatorio.desarrolloeconomico.gov.co/comercio-al-por-menor-industriaservicios/

la-economia-alrededor-de-las-mascotas-en-bogota http://blog.kolau.com/es/ marketing-for-

veterinary-clinics/

https://www.autonomosyemprendedor.es/articulo/guias-de-emprendimiento/quiero-montar-

clinica-veterinaria-hago/20190222131357018944.html

https://www.medicalexpo.es/cat/medicina-veterinaria-M.html

http://www.secretariasenado.gov.co/senado/basedoc

https://repository.udca.edu.co/bitstream/11158/1081/1/Requisitos%20para%20el

%20functioning%20de%20una%20cl%C3%ADnica%20veterinaria%20en%20Bogot

%C3%A1%20% 28Format%20UDCA%29.pdf

https://www.eltiempo.com/colombia/otras-ciudades/gremio-de-medicos-veterinarios-de-

boyaca-30628
https://www.paginasamarillas.com.co/tunja/servicios/clinicas-veterinarias

http://www.tunja-boyaca.gov.co/noticias/7-pilares-conforman-el-plan-de-desarrollo-tunja-

la-capitalhttps://www.portalveterinaria.com/articoli/articulos/28489/ new-technologies-

applied-in-veterinary.htm

https://www.gabrica.co/noticiasesp/noticia-2-esp-destacada/

https://www.funcionpublica.gov.co/documents/418537/1205912/2017_04_27_Tunja.pdf/

2dfe6696-289e-4781-9963-e98a02a391c5

https://www.portafolio.co/negocios/mascotas-negocio-que-moveria-3-5-billones-este-ano-

532462

https://www.portafolio.co/negocios/la-linea-de-mascotas-se-dinamiza-en-grupo-bios-

531835

https://www.larepublica.co/consumo/seis-de-cada-10-hogares-del-pais-tienen-mascota-

segun-brandstrat-2829114

https://www.america-retail.com/colombia/colombia-asi-esta-el-mercado-de-comida-para-

mascotas-en-el-pais/

https://www.portafolio.co/negocios/las-mascotas-mueven-casi-un-billon-de-pesos-de-la-

economia-del-pais-524357

https://www.agronegocios.co/mascotas/fenalco-destaco-que-mercado-de-mascotas-en-

colombia-mueve-cerca-de-us300-millones-en-alimentos-anuales-2784577

https://gerente.com/co/mercado-mascotas-colombia-crecera-2019/
https://repository.eafit.edu.co/bitstream/handle/10784/12723/

MariaPaulina_ArboledaVilla_Camilo_RestrepoPerez_2017.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y

https://www.dinero.com/edicion-impresa/negocios/articulo/mascotas-en-los-hogares-de-

colombiaen2018/264423#:~:text=Y%2C%20para%20ser%20m%C3%A1s %20clear, and

%2016%25%20claims%20to have%20both.

https://www.unipymes.com/mercado-de-mascotas-en-colombia-alcanza-crecimiento-de-13/

http://cifrasyconceptos.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Mascotas.pdf

https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/pib/departamentales/B_2015/

Bol_dptal_2018provisional.pdf

https://www.eltiempo.com/economia/finanzas-personales/dinero-que-invierten-las-familias-

colombianas-en-el-cuidado-de-sus-mascotas-228908

https://lanotaeconomica.com.co/economia/mercado-mascotas-colombia.html

http://repository.lasallista.edu.co/dspace/bitstream/10567/1846/1/

Plan_veterinaria_LindoCan_Itagui.pdf

http://www.cruzrojabogota.edu.co/centrocanino/guarderia-canina

http://repository.lasallista.edu.co/dspace/bitstream/10567/1859/1/

Urgencias_Pequenas_Especies.pdf

https://hsvma.memberclicks.net/assets/pdfs/minimal_standards_spanish.pdf?

utm_source=ip042913&utm_medium=hsvmaweb&utm_campaign=resources

http://certificados.sena.edu.co/claborales/saveas.asp?var1=270501096
http://www.sii.cl/pagina/valores/bienes/tabla_vida_enero.htm